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⦁⥾ߩធጯߣᶋ᭴ㅧ‛ߩଥ⇐ߦଥࠊࠆ⎇ⓥߦ៤ࠊߞߡ
↰ ⨃
㠽ขᄢቇᄢቇ㒮Ꮏቇ⎇ⓥ⑼␠ળၮ⋚ᎿቇኾᧁᎿቇࠦࠬ
Shigeru UEDA
Department of Management of Social Systems and Civil Engineering
Civil Engineering Course, Graduate School of Engineering
Tottori University, Tottori, 680-8552 Japan
E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract: This article is the summary of the author’s works during his professional career at the Port and Harbour Research Institute, Ministry of Transport and the Tottori University. His works are developed into the design of offshore structures such as deep water terminal and floating structures, berthing and mooring ship, characteristics of fender, tranquility of harbour and wharf operation efficiency, refuge ship in harbour, earthquake resistance of port and offshore structures, reliability design and so on.
Key Words: Berthing ship, Mooring ship, Tranquility of harbour, Wharf operation efficiency, Floating structures, Numerical simulation, Reliability design
㧝㧚ߪߓߦ ߪߘߩో㕙Ⓧߩ 70㧑߇ᶏᵗߢⷒࠊࠇࠆ ̌᳓ߩᖺᤊ̍ߢߔ㧚̌Უߥࠆᶏ̍ߣࠊࠇ߹ߔ߇㧘 ੱ㘃ߪᶏ߆ࠄ↢߹ࠇ⢒߹ࠇߡ߈߹ߒߚ㧚᳓↥㧘Ꮏ ᬺ㧘ዬ㧘ㅢ㧘ㅢ㧘⾗Ḯ㐿⊒㧘ᑄ᫈‛ಣℂߥ ߤߩ႐ߣߒߡੱ㘃ߪᏱߦᶏߣߩଥࠊࠅࠍ߽ߞߡ߈ ߹ߒߚ㧚ੱ㘃߇ᶏᵗߩⓨ㑆߿㋶‛⾗Ḯ㧘↢‛⾗Ḯ㧘 ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ⾗Ḯߥߤࠍ↪ߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆⴕὑࠍᶏ ᵗ㐿⊒ߣ߹ߔ㧚ߘߩ᳓ᷓߪᶏᵗࠢࠛࠪ ࡚ࡦߢߪ2㨪10m㧘᷼ḧᣉ⸳ߢߪ 20㨪40m ߢߔ߇㧘 ⍹ᴤ㐿⊒ߢߪ 100㨪1,000m㧘ࡑࡦࠟࡦ࿅႙ណขߢ ߪ 6,000m એߩᄢ᳓ᷓߦߥࠅ߹ߔ㧚ᶏᵗ㐿⊒ߦ ߪฦ⒳ߩᶏᵗ᭴ㅧ‛߇↪ࠄࠇ߹ߔ㧚ߎࠇࠄߪၒ ┙ᑼ㧘᧮ᑼ㧘ᶋᑼߥߤߦᄢߐࠇ߹ߔ߇㧘⋡⊛ ߮᳓ᷓߦᔕߓߡㆬቯߐࠇ߹ߔ㧚╩⠪ߪ㧘ਥߣߒ ߡ᧮ᑼ᭴ㅧ‛ߣᶋᑼ᭴ㅧ‛ߦଥࠊࠆ⎇ⓥߦଥࠊ ߞߡ߈߹ߒߚ㧚ᄢဳේᴤ࠲ࡦࠞߩធጯߣଥ⇐㧘 ᧮ᑼࠪࡃࠬߩ㔡ᔕ╵⸃ᨆ㧘ଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំ ⸃ᨆᴺߩ㐿⊒ߣߘߩᔕ↪㧘⦁⥾ߩ⸵ኈേំ㊂ߣ᷼ ḧ⩄ᓎⒿ₸㧘⦁⥾ߩ⨹ᄤᤨ᷼ౝㆱᴱ㧘ᶋᑼ⍹ ᴤ⫾ၮᣉ⸳ߩ⾂⬿⦁ߩଥ⇐㧘ᶋ㒐ᵄႇߩᑪ⸳㧘 ᄢ᳓ᷓᵄᶉ᷹ⷰࡉࠗߩଥ⇐㧘⦁⥾ធጯ↪㒐⥿᧚ߩ ା㗬ᕈ⸳⸘㧘᷼ḧᣉ⸳ߩ⠴㔡ᕈᬌ⸛ߥߤ㧘ଥࠊߞ ߚ⎇ⓥ⺖㗴ߪ␠ળ⊛ⷐ⺧ߦᔕ߃ߚ߽ߩߢ㧘ᄙߊߩ ᣇޘߩߏදജߣߏᡰេߦࠃߞߡ৻ቯߩᚑᨐࠍߍ ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚ߽ߩߣ⏕ାߒߡ߹ߔ㧚 㧞㧚ࠧࡓ㒐⥿᧚ߣߩળ ᦨೋߩછᚭߢߪ㧘╙ੑߩ㤥⦁ߣ⸒ࠊࠇߚࠦ ࡦ࠹࠽⦁ߩฃᣉ⸳ߣߒߡ㧘30,000DWT⚖ࠦࡦ࠹ ࠽ၟ㗡ߩᑪ⸳߇㐿ᆎߐࠇߡ߹ߒߚ㧚ࠤ࠰ࡦጯ ოࠟࡦ࠻ࠢࡦၮ␆߮゠᧦ጯოߩㅍ ᴤ߮⛎᳓㈩▤㒐⥿᧚ߩ⸳⸘ߥߤࠍᜂᒰߒ߹ߒ ߚ㧚㒐⥿᧚ߪ⦁⥾ធጯࠛࡀ࡞ࠡࠍๆߒធጯജ ࠍࠄߍࠆ⋡⊛ߢ↪ࠄࠇࠆ✭ⴣ᧚ߢ߽ߣ߽ߣ ⦁⥾߇ⵝߒធጯᤨߦଥ⇐ᣉ⸳ߣ⦁⥾ߩ㑆ߦᝌ ߒߡ߹ߒߚ߇㧘ߢߪଥ⇐ᣉ⸳ߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇߡ ߹ߔ㧚߆ߟߡߪᧁ᧚߇ਥߢߒߚ߇㧘ᤘ20ᐕઍᓟ ඨ߆ࠄࠧࡓ⚛᧚߇↪ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚 ࠧࡓߪᒢᕈߦን⚛᧚ߢߔ߇㧘ᒻ⁁ࠍᎿᄦߒᄢဳ ൻߐࠇ㧘㜞ᕈ⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡๆ⢻ജࠍᜬߟ߽ߩ߇ 㐿⊒ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚ᒰᤨ㧘ฦࡔࠞ߇ᦨᣂߩຠ ࠍᄁㄟߺߦ᧪ߡ߹ߒߚ߇㧘ߘߩਛߦ࡞ဳࠧࡓ 㒐⥿᧚߇ࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎߩࠧࡓ㒐⥿᧚ߪᄌᒻߩೋ ᦼߦߪᄌᓳరജ․ᕈ߇✢ᒻߢߔ߇㧘ᄌᒻ߇20㧑 ߆ࠄ55㧑ߢߪᓳరജ߇߶߷৻ቯߢ㧘߆ߟ㒰⩄ᤨߦ ᄢ߈ߥࡅࠬ࠹ࠪࠬࠍߒ߹ߔ㧚ᓟߦ㧘ᄢဳᶋ ᭴ㅧ‛ߩଥ⇐ߦᵴ↪ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ㧘╩⠪ߪ↢ ᶦ߅ઃ߈วߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚1971ᐕ4㧘 2ᐕ㑆ߩᚭൕോߩߩߜਭ㉿ᵿߩ᷼ḧᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲ ൕോߦォൕߒ㧘ᶏᵗ᭴ㅧ⎇ⓥቶߦ㈩ዻߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚 ᒰᤨ᧲੩ḧߢߪේᴤ㈩ಽၮ᭴ᗐ߇ᬌ⸛ߐࠇߡ ߡ㧘500,000DWT࠲ࡦࠞ↪ଥ⇐ᣉ⸳ߩ᭴ㅧ⸳⸘ߦ 㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥߦ៤ࠊࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚ᄢဳ࠲ࡦ
2 ↰ ⨃㧦⦁⥾ߩធጯߣᶋ᭴ㅧ‛ߩଥ⇐ߦଥࠊࠆ⎇ⓥߦ៤ࠊߞߡ ࠞߩធጯߣଥ⇐ߩ⎇ⓥߦ߅ߡࠧࡓ㒐⥿᧚ߣౣ ળߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ߘߒߡ㧘⍹ᴤ⫾ၮᣉ⸳ߩ⾂⬿⦁㧘 ᶋ᭴ㅧ‛㧘ᶋᯅ㧘ࡔࠟࡈࡠ࠻ߥߤߩଥ⇐ ♽ߩⷐߣߒߡᵴ↪ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆߩߢߔ㧚⦁⥾ ߩធጯߣᶋᯅߩ⎇ⓥ߇✼ߢ㧘ࡁ࡞࠙ࠚ⑼ቇ ᛛⴚᄢቇߩࡉ࠶࠻ࡦ࠼㧔E.Bratteland)ᢎߣߩ ᵹ߇ᆎ߹ࠅ㧘หᩞߣ㠽ขᄢቇߣߩ㑆ߦ࿖㓙ᵹ දቯ߇⚿߫ࠇ⇐ቇ↢ࠍㄫ߃߹ߒߚ㧚 㧟㧚⦁⥾ធጯ↪㒐ⴣᎿߩ⸳⸘ᴺߩ⎇ⓥ ⦁⥾ធጯ㒐ⴣᎿߩ⸳⸘ߪ㧘⦁⥾ߩធጯࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ ࠍ৻⚵ߩ㒐ⴣᎿߢๆߔࠆࠃ߁ߦⴕࠊࠇ߹ߔ㧚 ⦁⥾ߩធጯࠛࡀ࡞ࠡߪ㧘⦁⥾⾰㊂㧘ઃട⾰㊂㧘 ធጯㅦᐲ㧘ᗐ⾰㊂ଥᢙ㧘ᔃଥᢙ㧘ᨵエᕈଥᢙ㧘 ࡃࠬߩᒻ⁁ଥᢙߥߤߩⷐ࿃ߩ㑐ᢙߢਈ߃ࠄࠇ߹ ߔ㧚ㅢᏱ㧘ᨵエᕈଥᢙ߅ࠃ߮ࡃࠬߩᒻ⁁ଥᢙߪ 1.0 ߣߐࠇࠆߩߢ㧘ᦨೋߩ ߟߩⷐ࿃߇ᡰ㈩⊛ߢ ߔ߇㧘ਛߢ߽㧘ធጯㅦᐲߣઃട⾰㊂ߪ㊀ⷐߢߔ㧚 20 ਁ࠻ࡦ࠲ࡦࠞ߇ዞ⥶ߒߚᒰೋ㧘ᵗߩࠪࡃ ࠬߩ᧮ᑼ࠼࡞ࡈࠖࡦ߇៊்ߔࠆ߇ᄙߊࠄ ࠇߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘᷹ⷰߣᮨဳታ㛎ࠍⴕߞߡᬌ⸛ ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ᄙߊߪ㒐ⴣᎿߩ⸳⸘ߦ࿃ߔࠆߎߣ߇ ್ࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚⦁⥾ធጯᤨઃട⾰㊂ߩ▚ቯᑼࠍឭ᩺ ߒ㧘߹ߚ㧘ធጯㅦᐲߩ᷹ቯ୯ߦၮߠߊ⸳⸘ធጯㅦ ᐲ␜ߒ⸳⸘ᴺࠍ⏕┙ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎࠇࠄߪޟ᷼ḧߩ ᣉ⸳ߩᛛⴚߩၮḰޠߦᤋߐࠇߡ߹ߔ㧚 ߎߩ⎇ⓥߪ㧘ߩߜߦጟ↰᳁㧘ጊἑ᳁ࠄߣߣ߽ߦ㧘 ⦁⥾ធጯ↪㒐⥿᧚ߩା㗬ᕈ⸳⸘ᴺߩ⏕┙ߦะߌߡ ዷ㐿ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚⥄ࠄធጯㅦᐲࠍ᷹ቯߔࠆߣߣ߽ ߦ㧘⸘᷹ߩ㓸ࠍⴕ㧘ߘߩ⏕₸ಽᏓ․ᕈࠍ ࠄ߆ߦߒߡ㧘ࡕࡦࠞ࡞ࡠࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦߦ ࠃߞߡ⎕უ⏕₸ࠍ▚ቯߒ㧘߹ߚࡌ࡞㧝ା㗬ᕈ⸳ ⸘ᴺߦ߅ߌࠆㇱಽోଥᢙࠍ▚ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎߩ ⎇ⓥߦ㑐ߒߡ㧘PIANC㧔࿖㓙⥶〝දળ㧕ߩ WG ᆔຬࠍ᳗ࠄߊോߡ߈߹ߒߚ㧚 㧠㧚⦁⥾ߣᄢဳᶋ᭴ㅧ‛ߩଥ⇐ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ ធጯᠲ⦁ߩⷰ ᷹ࠍߨ ߡ౻ቄ㣮 ፉ᷼ߦ㗫❥ߦ ߈㧘ଥ⇐ਛߩ⦁⥾ߩേំࠍ᷹ⷰߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ೋ ߡᏂᄢ⦁ߩ㐳ᦼേំࠍ⋡ߩᒰߚࠅߦߒ߹ߒߚ㧚 300m ߩᏂᄢ⦁߇ᵄߣ㘑ߩ↪ࠍฃߌߡᬦ⁁ ߩ゠ࠍឬߡ೨ᓟᏀฝߦᢙ O ߽േំߒ㧘ଥ⇐⚝ ߇ಾᢿߒ࠼࡞ࡈࠖࡦߦᐞᐲߣߥߊⴣ⓭ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚 ޟ᷼ḧߪᄤὼ߹ߚߪੱᎿߦࠃࠅᄖ⇇ߩᵄࠍㆤ⭁ߒ ⦁⥾ࠍోߦଥ⇐ߒ㧘⩄ᓎ߇Ṗߦⴕ߃ࠆᯏ⢻ࠍ ߔࠆޠߣߐࠇߡ߹ߔ㧚ฎߊߪᄤὼߩ⦟᷼ߢ ࠆ᷼߇ᩕ߃߹ߒߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ャㅍߩല₸ൻߩߚ ⦁⥾߇ᄢဳൻߔࠆߦߟࠇ㧘᳓ᷓߩᄢ߈᳓ၞߦ┙ ߔࠆᔅⷐ߆ࠄ㧘ፉᎩ߿㒐ᵄႇߥߤߦࠃߞߡㆤ⭁ ߐࠇߡߥ᳓ၞ߿㧘᷼ญߦㄭ᳓ၞߦଥ⇐ᣉ⸳ ߇⸳⟎ߐࠇ㧘ଥ⇐⦁⥾߇ᵄߩᓇ㗀ࠍ⋥ធฃߌࠆࠃ ߁ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎߩߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘㒐⥿᧚ߩ⸳⸘ߦ ଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆᔅⷐ߇⼂ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚 1975 ᐕ ߆ ࠄ 1 ᐕ 㑆 㧘 ㅪ ว ₺ ࿖ ᳓ ℂ ⎇ ⓥ ᚲ 㧔HRS:Wallingford㧕ߦᄖ⎇ⓥຬߣߒߡṛߒ߹ ߒߚ㧚HRS ߢߪ࡛ࡠ࠶ࡄߩઁߩ⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ߣห᭽㧘 ߽ߞ߬ࠄ᳓ℂᮨဳታ㛎ߦࠃߞߡ⽎ࠍౣߒ⸳⸘ ߦᤋߔࠆᚻᴺ߇ਥᵹߢߒߚ㧚ߘࠇߢ߽㧘ᢙ୯⸃ ᨆᴺࠍ㐿⊒ߔࠆళߒߪࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚Ꮻ࿖⋥ᓟ㧘㑐 ⓨ᷼ߩᶋ᩺ߣᵗ⍹ᴤ⫾ၮᣉ⸳ߩ⸘↹߇ ᜬߜ߇ࠅ㧘ᬌ⸛ࡔࡦࡃߩ৻ຬߦട߃ࠄࠇ߹ߒ ߚ㧚ᣧㅦ㧘ଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំ⸃ᨆᴺࠍ㐿⊒ߒ㧘หᤨ ߦᄢဳᶋ߳ߩㆡ↪ࠍ⹜ߺ㧘ࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩታ น⢻ᕈࠍᬌ⸛ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚㐿⊒ߒߚ⸃ᨆᚻᴺߪᮨဳ ታ㛎ߦࠃߞߡᬌ⸽ߒᱜߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ᮨဳታ㛎ߢߪ ⋧ૃߩㆡ↪㧘ଥ⇐♽․ᕈߩౣߥߤߦᵈᗧࠍᛄ ߹ߒߚ㧚ᓥ᧪㧘ᶋ᭴ㅧ‛ߪ࠴ࠚࡦଥ⇐ߐࠇ ߡ߹ߒߚ߇㧘ߎࠇࠄߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢߪࠪࡃ ࠬߩ࠼࡞ࡈࠖࡦߦ↪ࠄࠇߡࠆᄢဳࠧࡓ㒐⥿ ᧚ࠍ↪ࠆ߽ߩߢߒߚ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘➅ࠅߒ❗․ ᕈ㧘᷷ᐲ․ᕈ㧘ⴣ᠄․ᕈߥߤ㧘ᓥ᧪⦁⥾ߩធጯߢ ߪ⠨ᘦߐࠇߡߥ߆ߞߚ․ᕈߦଥࠊࠆ⤘ᄢߥ⹜㛎 ߇ߥߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚ᄢဳᶋߩଥ⇐⸳⸘ߪ⇇ߢᆎ ߡߩߎߣߢᘕ㊀ߦߥߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚⥄ὼ⽎ߩౣ ᦼ㑆㧘ㇱ᧚ߩో₸ߥߤߦ㑐ߒߡ⼏⺰ࠍⓍߺ㊀ ߨ߹ߒߚ㧚⚿ዪ㧘ᵗ⍹ᴤ⫾ၮᣉ⸳߇࿖ኅ ⫾ߣߒߡᬺቯߐࠇ㧘㐳ፒ⋵ፉ߮ጟ⋵ ർᎺᏒ⊕ፉߦᑪ⸳ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚߅ ࠃߘ400m×100m×30m ߩ㍑ߩ⾂⬿⦁ࠍ࠼࡞ࡈࠖ ࡦߣࠧࡓ㒐⥿᧚㧔ࡈࠚࡦ࠳㧕ߢଥ⇐ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ ߔ㧚10 ᐕߩᬌ⸛ᦼ㑆ߣ 5 ᐕߩᑪ⸳ᦼ㑆ࠍ⚻ߡቢᚑ ߒ㧘߅ࠃߘ20 ᐕࠍ⚻ㆊߒ߹ߒߚ㧚వ⥸ 10 ᐕᝄࠅ ߦࠍ⸰ࠇߡߺߡ㧘╩⠪ߦߣߞߡߪߎߩᬺോߦ 㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ߇ේὐߢࠅ㛽ᩰߢߞߚߎߣࠍᡷ ߡᗧ⼂ߒ㧘ᗵᘣࠍᣂߚߦߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ଥ⇐♽ߩࠧࡓ 㒐⥿᧚ߪ㧘ᣢᓔߩታ❣ࠍ߃ࠆ20 ᐕએߩଏ↪ᦼ 㑆ߦࠅ߹ߔ㧚ଥ⇐♽ߦ࿃ߔࠆᣉ⸳ߩᯏ⢻㓚ኂ ߣἴኂߪㆱߌߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ㧚ᓟࡕ࠾࠲ ࡦࠣࠍⴕ㧘ㆡಾߦ⛽ᜬ▤ℂߔࠆߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߢߔ㧚 ߎߩᬺߩᚑഞߪ㧘ᄙߊߩᶋ᭴ㅧ‛ߩታࠍ น⢻ߦߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ࠝࠕ࠽ภᐭ᷼ 㧘߲߆ࠅ ᯅ㧔ᮮᵿ㧕㧘㕍ವㅪ⛊⦁ਣವ㙚᷼ 㧘ධᭂ᷹ⷰ ⦁߰ߓ㧔ฬฎደ᷼㧕ߣቬ⼱㧔᧲੩᷼㧕ߩଥ⇐ߥߤ㧘 ᢙޘߩࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇ታߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘ࡔ ࠟࡈࡠ࠻㧘ᄞ⥰ᄢᯅ㧔ᶋᯅ㧕߳ߣ⊒ዷߒ߹ߒ ߚ㧚ᒰᤨ㧘ᶋᯅߪࠕࡔࠞวⴐ࿖ࡢࠪࡦ࠻ࡦ
3 㠽 ข ᄢ ቇ ᄢ ቇ 㒮 Ꮏ ቇ ⎇ ⓥ ⑼㧛Ꮏ ቇ ㇱ ⎇ ⓥ ႎ ๔ ╙㧠㧜ภ ḓߣࡈ࠶࠼ࠞ࠽࡞ߦࠊߖߡ3 ᯅ㧘ࡁ࡞࠙ࠚߩ ࡌ࡞ࠣ࠰ࠗࠬࡦ࠼ߣࡁ࡞࠼ࡎࡦ࠼ߩ2 ᯅ߇ᣢ⸳ ߽ߒߊߪᑪ⸳ਛߢߒߚ߇㧘ࠕࡔࠞߩ߽ߩߪࠤ ࡉ࡞ଥ⇐㧘ࡁ࡞࠙ࠚߩ߽ߩߪࡈࠠࠪࡉ࡞ࡄࠗ ࡊߦࠃࠆଥ⇐ߢߒߚ㧚࠼࡞ࡈࠖࡦߣࠧࡓ㒐⥿᧚㧔ࡈ ࠚࡦ࠳㧕ߦࠃࠆଥ⇐ߪ㧘ࠊ߇࿖࿕ߩᛛⴚߣߒ ߡᵈ⋡ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚 㧡㧚᷼ౝ㕒Ⓩᐲߩ⎇ⓥ ᷼ḧߪᶏ㒽ャㅍߩ⚿▵ὐߢߔ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘 Ṗߥ⩄ᓎߪ㧘᷼ḧߩᦨ߽㊀ⷐߥᯏ⢻ߩ৻ߟߢߔ㧚 ᷼ḧߩⒿ₸ߪᧄ᧪ଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំߦၮߠߊ⩄ᓎ ߩนุߢ್ቯߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߢߔ㧚ᣣᧄᶏߩ᷼ḧߪ ౻ቄߩ㘑ᶉߦᅹߍࠄࠇ㧘ߎߩቄ▵ߩ᷼ḧߩⒿ₸ ߇⪺ߒߊૐ߆ߞߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘㒐ᵄႇߩᢛߦࠃࠅ ᷼ౝߩ㕒Ⓩᐲࠍ㜞ࠆദജ߇ߥߐࠇߡ߈߹ߒߚ㧚 ߘߩᢛ᳓Ḱࠍቯࠆߚ㧘ߨ 10,000GT ⚖ߩ ⦁⥾ߩ⩄ᓎታᘒ⺞ᩏ߇ⴕࠊࠇ㧘⟵ᵄ㜞50cmએ ਅ߇㕒Ⓩᐲߩ⋡ᮡ୯ߣߐࠇߡ߈߹ߒߚ㧚એ᧪㧘㕒 Ⓩᐲߩᬌ⸛ߪ㧘߽ߞ߬ࠄ᷼ౝᵄ㜞⸘▚߿᷼ౝ࿁᛬ ታ㛎ߩ⚿ᨐࠍၮߦ㧘ᵄ㜞ࡌ࡞ߢ⹏ଔߐࠇߡ߹ ߒߚ㧚ߣߎࠈ߇㧘⦁⥾ߩᄢဳൻߦଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩ 㐳ᦼേំߦࠃࠆᡰ㓚߇㗼ൻߒߡ߈߹ߒߚ㧚ᶏ ᄖߢߪ㧘ࠤࡊ࠲࠙ࡦߩ࠳ࡦࠞࡦࡌࠗࠬࡦ㧘ࡠࠬ ࠕࡦ࡞ࠬ᷼ߥߤ߇ଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំߦᖠ߹ߐࠇߡ ߹ߒߚ߇㧘ࠊ߇࿖ߢ߽⧴ዊ’᷼㧘㣮ፉ᷼㧘บ ᣂ᷼ߥߤਥߦᄥᐔᵗߦᣂߚߦ㐿⊒ߐࠇߚ᷼ḧߦ ߅ߡ㧘⦁⥾േំߦࠃࠆଥ⇐⚝ಾᢿ߿⩄ᓎ㓚ኂ߇ 㗴ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎߩ㗴ߦኻߒߡ߽㧘వߦ㐿 ⊒ߒߚଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំ⸃ᨆᴺߪലߢߒߚ㧚ᄙߊ ߩࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦࠍⴕ㧘᷼ౝ࿁᛬ᵄታ㛎ߦ߅ ߡଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំࠍ᷹ቯߒ㧘ଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំߦ ၮߠߊ᷼ౝ㕒Ⓩᐲߩᬌ⸛ᣇᴺࠍ⏕┙ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚߹ ߚ㧘หᤨߦ⦁⒳㧘⦁ဳߦ⸵ኈ⩄ᓎേំ㊂ࠍឭ␜ ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚หᤨߦଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚ㒐⥿ ᧚ߩ⸳⸘ᴺࠍឭ᩺ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎࠇࠄ߽ޟ᷼ḧߩᣉ ⸳ߩᛛⴚߩၮḰޠߦᤋߐࠇߡ߹ߔ㧚ߎߩ 㗴ߩ⸃ߩᦨ߽ലᨐ⊛ߥ߽ߩߪ㒐ᵄႇߩᢛߢߔ ߇㧘ᄢဳ⦁ߩ⥶ⴕߩߚ㐿ญㇱࠍᐢߊߣࠄߨ߫ߥ ࠄߥߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘චಽߥ㕒Ⓩᐲߪᓧࠄࠇ߹ߖࠎ㧚 ᷼ญߣ㕒Ⓩᐲߩ㑐ଥߥߤࠍឭ␜ߒ᷼ญ❗ዊߩ ലᨐࠍ␜ߒ߹ߒߚ߇㧘ᠲ⦁ߩ㔍ᤃᐲߣ᷼ౝ㕒Ⓩᐲ ߣߪ⋧ߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄኈᤃߦߪวᗧߐࠇ߹ߖࠎ㧚 㧢㧚᷼ౝㆱᴱߩᬌ⸛ ᷼ḧᯏ⢻ߩ ৻ߟߩ㊀ ⷐߥᯏ⢻ ߪ⦁⥾ߩో ଥ⇐ߢߔ㧚ዊဳ⦁ߪ⦁ḳ߹ࠅߦଥ⇐ߒ⨹ᄤᤨߪ᷼ ౝߦㆱ㔍ߒ߹ߔ㧚ߒ߆ߒߥ ߇ࠄ㧘ᄢဳ⦁㧔ߨ 1,000GT એ㧕ߦኻߒߡߪบ㘑╬⨹ᄤᤨߦߪ᷼ᄖ ㅌㆱ൘๔߇⊒ߐࠇ㧘⦁⥾ߪ᷼ᄖߦㆱ㔍ߒ㍬ᴱߒ ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠅ߹ߖࠎ㧚ᤘ25 ᐕ㧘ᮮᵿ᷼ߩ᷼ౝ⦁ ⥾ߦᄙᄢߩⵍኂࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߚࠠ࠹ࠖบ㘑એᓟߎߩ ភ⟎߇ขࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚ߪ᷼⦁⥾ᢙ߇ᷫዋߒ ߡߪ߹ߔ߇㧘ᤘ40 ᐕઍߦߪ᷼ᄖㆱ㔍ᴱ߇ච ಽ⏕ߢ߈ߥߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘᧲੩ḧߦ߅ߌࠆ᷼ౝㆱ ᴱߩᬌ⸛߇ߥߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚ଥ⇐⦁⥾ߩേំ⸘▚ᴺ ߪߎߩᬌ⸛ߦ߅ߡ߽ലߢߒߚ㧚৻ᣇ㧘ฬฎደ ᷼ߢߪ㧘દḧᶏ㔍㒐ᱛදળ߇⁛⥄ߦᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ㧘 㒐⥿᧚ߥߤߩ⢻ജ߇ᄢ߈ࡃࠬߦ⦁⥾ࠍࠪࡈ࠻ ߔࠆߥߤߩភ⟎߇ߣࠄࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚 ᬺ⦁ߩ᷼ౝㆱᴱ߽㊀ⷐ⺖㗴ߢߒߚ㧚ᴒ✽ችฎ ፉߩᐔ⦟᷼ߢߪ㧘㒐ᵄႇᑪ⸳ߩߚߩࠤ࠰ࡦࠍ FD㧔ࡈࡠ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ࠼࠶ࠢ㧕ߢߒߡ߹ߒߚ ߇㧘บ㘑ᤨᦼߦߥࠆߣ㧘บ㘑ߩ⋥᠄ࠍㆱߌߡ㧘 ਛߩࠤ࠰ࡦᛴߚ߹߹⍹၂ፉ߿ᴒ✽ᧄፉߦᦜ ⥶ߒߡㆱ㔍ߒߡ߹ߒߚ㧚บ㘑ߩߚ߮ߦߨ2 ㅳ 㑆߶ߤᎿࠍਛᢿߔࠆߎߣ߇ㆱߌࠄࠇ߹ߖࠎߢߒ ߚ㧚ᴒ✽✚ว㐿⊒ോᚲ߆ࠄߩᬌ⸛ଐ㗬ࠍฃߌ㧘 ⋥ᓘ 100mm 㐳ߐ⚂ 200m ߩ࠽ࠗࡠࡦࡠࡊࠍ 16 ᧄᒛࠅᎼࠄߒߡଥ⇐ߔࠆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍឭ᩺ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚 ᷼ౝㆱᴱࠍታᣉߒߚ⋥ᓟ㧘ਛᔃ᳇940hPaߩᄢဳ บ㘑߇ችฎፉࠍ⋥᠄ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚บ㘑ㅢㆊᤨߪോ ᚲߣߩ㔚ㅪ⛊߇ߟ߆ߕ᳇߇᳇ߢߪࠅ߹ߖࠎߢ ߒߚ߇㧘บ㘑৻ㆊߩ⠉ᣣ߿ߞߣോᚲ㐳ߣㅪ⛊߇ ઃ߈㧘ޡFD ߇೨ᓟᏀฝߦ⚂ 30m ᣓ࿁ߒߥ߇ࠄേំ ߒߚ߽ߩߩ㧘ࡠࡊࠍಾᢿߔࠆߎߣߥߊήಒ ߛޢߣ⡞߆ߐࠇ႑ߒ߹ߒߚ㧚⏕ାࠍ߽ߞߡታⴕ ߒߚߎߣߢߪࠅ߹ߔ߇㧘ਁ৻㧘FD ߇ᵹߔࠆ ߥߤߩⵍኂ߇ࠇ߫㧘⋥ធ߮㑆ធ⊛ߦ↟ᄢߥ៊ ኂࠍ߽ߚࠄߔߎߣߦߥࠅ㧘ᬺോㆊᄬ߇ࠊࠇ㧘 ఘ߇᳞ࠄࠇ߹ߔ㧚ࠆᗧߢ߇ߌߢߒߚ㧚 㧣 ᷼ḧ᭴ㅧ‛߮ᶏᵗ᭴ㅧ‛ߩ⠴㔡ᕈᬌ⸛ 㣮ፉࠪ᷼ࡃࠬߩ⩄ᓎ࠼࡞ࡈࠖࡦߦᒝ㔡⸘ ࠍ⸳⟎ߒߡ㔡᷹ⷰࠍⴕ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎߩၞߪዊ ⷙᮨߢߪࠅ߹ߔ߇㔡߇㗫❥ߦ⊒↢ߔࠆ▎ᚲߥ ߩߢ㧘⍴ᦼ㑆ߦ⋧ᒰᢙߩ⸥㍳߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨ ߃߹ߒߚ㧚ᒰᤨߪ⸥㍳⚕ߦᵄᒻࠍ⸥㍳ߔࠆ߽ߩߢ ߒߚߩߢ㧘േടㅦᐲߩ⸳ቯ୯ࠍ5gal ߦߒߡ᷹ⷰ ࠍᆎ߹ߒߚ㧚⸳⟎ᓟ㑆߽ߥߊદ⼺ᄢፉᴒߩ㔡 ߇ࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚ߣߎࠈ߇㧘ߥࠎߣ⸥㍳⚕ߪ㔡⊒ ↢೨ߦቢోߦᏎ߈߇ߞߡߚߣߺࠄࠇ㧘㔡⸥ ㍳ߪᓧࠄࠇߡ߹ߖࠎ㧚ᵄᶉߦࠃࠆ㒐ᵄႇߩᝄേ ߇࠼࡞ࡈࠖࡦߦવ㆐ߒേߒߚ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇ߹ ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ⥄↱ᝄേታ㛎߽ⴕ߹ߒߚ㧚᷼ḧᑪ⸳ ળ␠ߩදജࠍᓧߡ㧘࠲ࠣࡏ࠻ߩࡈ࠶ࠢߣ࠼࡞ࡈ
4 ↰ ⨃㧦⦁⥾ߩធጯߣᶋ᭴ㅧ‛ߩଥ⇐ߦଥࠊࠆ⎇ⓥߦ៤ࠊߞߡ ࠖࡦߩଥ⦁ᩇߩ㑆ߦࡢࠗࡗࡠࡊࠍដߌߡ㧘࠲ ࠣࡏ࠻ߢ࠼࡞ࡈࠖࡦࠍᒁᒛࠅ㧘ࡈ࠶ࠢࠍ⍍ᤨߦ ᄖߒߡ⥄↱ᝄേߐߖߚߩߢߔ߇㧘࿁߆➅ࠅߔ ߁ߜߦࡈ࠶ࠢߦⵚ߇ߞߡߒ߹߹ߒߚ㧚⠉ᣣ㧘 ࠲ࠣࡏ࠻ࠍߔࠆળ␠ߩ᧲੩ᡰᐫ㐳ߦ⻢⟋ߒ ߚߩߢߔ߇㧘ㅒߦỗബߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚ขᓧ࠺࠲߆ ࠄ㧘ታߩ᧮᭴ㅧ‛ߩ࿕ᦼߣᷫቯᢙ߇ࠄ ߆ߦߥࠅ߹ߒߚ㧚 ᐶ⋵ධㇱ 㔡ߦࠃࠅ ᚭ᷼ߩ ᷼ḧᣉ⸳߇↟ ᄢߥⵍἴࠍฃߌߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘᷼ḧᣉ⸳ߩ⠴㔡ᕈᒝ ൻ߇࿑ࠄࠇ㊀ⷐ᷼ḧߦ⠴㔡ࡃࠬ߇ᢛߐࠇߡ߈ ߹ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘ޟ᷼ḧߩᣉ⸳ߩᛛⴚߩၮḰޠ߇ᡷ ቯߐࠇ㧘᭴ㅧ‛ߩ⠴㔡ᕈߪోᕈߩߺߥࠄߕᯏ⢻ ᕈ߽㊀ⷞߔࠆߎߣߣߐࠇ㧘㔡↪ࠍฃߌߚᓟߩ ᭴ㅧ‛ߩᄌᒻࠍ▚ߔࠆߎߣߣߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚ጊ㒶 ᣇߦߪ㧘㠽ข㧘Ⴚ㧘ᵿ↰ߩ㊀ⷐ᷼ḧߦߘࠇߙࠇ 㧝ࡃࠬ⠴㔡ጯო߇ᢛߐࠇߡ߹ߔ߇㧘ᣂၮḰ ߦၮߠߡ↪㔡ᵄߣߘߩჇ․ᕈࠍ᳞ᣉ⸳ ߩ⠴㔡ᕈࠍ್ቯߒ߹ߒߚ㧚ߎࠇࠄߪ㧘ᄢቇ㒮↢ߩ ㊁㧘ᷡ᳓㧘╣ญ㧘ዊߩฦ᳁߇ୃ჻⺰ᢥߣߒߡ ขࠅ߹ߣ߹ߒߚ㧚ᐶ⋵ධㇱ㔡ߦࠃࠅⵍἴߒ ߚᚭ᷼㜞᧻ၟ㗡ߦ㑐ߒߡ⍹↰᳁߇㧘߹ߚ㗇⏴ ขᯅߦ㑐ߒߡ㋈ᧁ᳁߇㧘ߘࠇߙࠇඳ჻ቇ⺰ᢥ ⺖㗴ߣߒߡᬌ⸛ߒ⚿ᨐࠍขࠅ߹ߣ߹ߒߚ㧚 㧤 ߅ࠊࠅߦ శ㒶⍫ߩߏߣ߈ 16 ᐕ㑆ߢߒߚ㧚ߎߩ㑆㧘1,000 ੱߩቇ↢ߦળ߁ߎߣ߇᧪߹ߒߚ㧚ߔߴߡߩ ቇ↢⻉ำ߇ߘߩ⢻ജࠍሽಽߦ⊒ើߒ㧘ᛛⴚ⠪ߣߒ ߡᵴべߐࠇߡࠆߎߣࠍሜߒߊᕁ߹ߔ㧚ඳ჻⺖ ⒟ߦߪ7 ฬߩᣇޘ߇☋ߐࠇ߹ߒߚ߇㧘ߘߩ߁ߜ 5 ฬ߇ቇࠍขᓧߐࠇ߹ߒߚ㧚ᒰೋߪ⾗㊄ࠍࠅ ታ㛎ᣉ⸳ߩᢛࠍ࿑ࠅ߹ߒߚ߇ㆡࠊߕ㧘ታ㛎ߦߪ ᷼ḧᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲ߿᳃㑆ߩᣉ⸳ࠍ↪ߐߖߡߚߛ ߈߹ߒߚ㧚ߎߩ㑆㧘ኾ㐷ಽ㊁ߪ߽ߣࠃࠅ㧘ᧁಽ ㊁એᄖߩᄙߊߩᣇޘߣ߽ᵹߩᯏળࠍᓧ߹ߒߚ㧚 ᥦ߆ỗബ߿⎇ⓥ⾗㊄ߥߤߩߏᡰេࠍᚬ߈߹ߒߚ㧚 ᷓߊᗵ⻢⥌ߒ߹ߔ㧚 ࿖ߩ⎇ⓥᯏ㑐ߣᄢቇߦ☋ߒ߹ߒߚ߇㧘೨⠪ߪ ᄢဳ⎇ⓥᣉ⸳߇ᢛߐࠇߡࠆߎߣ㧘႐ߩᖱႎ ߮࠺࠲ߩᚻ߇ኈᤃߢࠆߎߣ㧘․ቯኾ㐷ಽ ㊁ߩ⎇ⓥ⠪ߩጀ߇ෘߎߣߥߤ߇㧘߹ߚᓟ⠪ߪ࿖ ߿᳃㑆ߥߤ߆ࠄߩੱ᧚ߣ⎇ⓥ⾗㊄ࠍฃߌࠇࠆ ߣᨵエߥㆇ↪߇น⢻ߥߎߣ߇․ᓽߢࠆߣ⸒߃ ߹ߔ㧚ᣇߩὐࠍ↢߆ߒหߒ㧘߹ߚ᳃㑆⎇ⓥ ᯏ㑐ߣߩ⎇ⓥᵹ߇ଦㅴߐࠇࠆߎߣ߇ᦸ߹ࠇ߹ߔ㧚 ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ =?↰ ⨃㧦ᄢဳ࠲ࡦࠞߩធጯജߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ ⓥ᷼ḧᛛⴚ⎇ⓥᚲႎ๔㧘╙ 20 Ꮞ㧘╙ 2 ภ㧘 pp.169-2091981. =? ↰ ⨃㧘ዊᾢᐽᢥ㧦⨹ᄤᤨߩଥጯㆱᴱߩ㒢 ⇇᧦ઙߣ ଥ⦁ ઃᏪ⸳ ߩ⸳ ⸘ᚻ㗅 ߦߟߡ ᶏጯᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸╙31 Ꮞ㧘pp.456-4601981.
=?Ueda S. and Shiraishi S.: Observation and
Analysis of Earthquake Response of a Coupled
Pile Offshore Platform, 14th OTC 4208,
pp.511-531, 1982. =?↰ ⨃㧦ଥጯ⦁⥾ߩേំ⸃ᨆᚻᴺߣߘߩᔕ ↪ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥ᷼ḧᛛ⎇⾗ᢱNo.504㧘372p 1984 =? ⊕⍹ ᖗ㧘↰ ⨃㧦᷼ḧ᭴ㅧ‛߮ᶏᵗ᭴ ㅧ‛ߩ ోᕈ ᾖᩏߦ 㑐ߔࠆ ᬌ⸛̆ ↪⩄㊀ ߩᄌേଥᢙߣ⩄㊀ଥᢙߩ▚ቯ̆᷼ḧᛛⴚ⎇ ⓥᚲႎ๔㧘╙26 Ꮞ㧘╙ 2 ภ㧘pp.493-576. 1987.
=?UEDA S.: Motions of Moored Ships and Their
Effect on Wharf Operation Efficiency, Report of the PHRI, Vol.26, No.5, pp.319-373, 1987. =?↰ ⨃㧘ᄢᩕੑ㇢㧦᷼ḧߩଥ⇐ᣉ⸳ߦ߅
ߌ ࠆ 㒐 ⴣ Ꮏ ߩ ⸳ ⸘ ߦ ߟ ߡ ᷼ ḧ ᛛ ⎇ ⾗
ᢱNo.596, 127p., 1987.
=?UEDA S. and Shiraishi S.: The Allowable Ship
Motions for Cargo Handling at Wharves, Report of the PHRI, Vol.27, No.4, pp.3-61, 1988.
=? ↰ ⨃㧘⊕⍹ ᖗ㧘ਣጊᔘ㧘⭽ ᤩ㧘
㜞ፒ 㧘ጊἑ᥍⟵㧦ᶋᯅߦ↪ߔࠆଥ⇐
↪ࠧࡓࡈࠚࡦ࠳ߩ․ᕈ㧘╙ 14 ࿁ᶏᵗᎿቇ
ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ㧘pp359-364, 1998.
=? Ueda S., Hirano T., Shiraiashi S., Yamamoto S.
and Yamase S: Statistical Design Method of
Fender for Berthing Ship. Proc. of the 12th
ISOPE, Vol.3, pp.545-551, 2002.
=? ↰ ⨃㧘ጟ↰㆐ᒾ㧘㐳የ Პ㧦ା㗬ᕈℂ⺰
ߦࠃࠆ⦁ ⥾ធ ጯ↪㒐 ⥿᧚ߩ ᕈ⢻⸳ ⸘ߦ㑐ߔ
ࠆ⎇ⓥ㧘ᶏጯᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘╙51 Ꮞ㧘pp847-850,
2004.
=? Yamase S., Ueda S. : Reliability Design Method
of Fender Systems for Very Large Container
Vessels, 17th ISOPE, Vol.4, pp.3699-3705, 2007.
=? ᣣਅ ℂ㧘↰ ഞ㧘↰ ⨃㧘⊕⍹ ᖗ㧘 ⩲㊁㜞ᒄ㧦ᶏਛࠤࡉ࡞ߣ㒐⥿᧚ߩⶄวଥ⇐ ߦࠃࠆᶋ ᯅ ߩᵄᶉ ਛേំ ․ᕈߣ 㔡ᔕ╵ ⸃ᨆ㧘᭴ㅧᎿቇ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘Vol.53A㧘pp578-588, 2007. ฃℂ ᐔᚑ21 ᐕ 10 30 ᣣ
