JAIST Repository: 平成18年度リサーチアシスタント〔RA〕研究論文

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Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

JAIST Repository

https://dspace.jaist.ac.jp/ Title 平成18年度リサーチアシスタント〔RA〕研究論文 Author(s) Citation 知識創造場論集, 4(1): 1-33 Issue Date 2007-05

Type Research Paper Text version publisher

URL http://hdl.handle.net/10119/5109 Rights

Description 北陸先端科学技術大学院大学 21世紀COE プログラム「知識科学に基づく科学技術の創造と実践」

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The 21st century COE program in JAIST

知識創造場論集

第４巻第１号

北陸先端科学技術大学院大学科学技術開発戦略センター

2007年５月

The 21st century COE program in JAIST

−平成18年度−

リサーチアシスタント〔RA〕研究論文

m009_P0003932 07.5.29 11:42 AM ページ1

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知識創造場論集

第４巻第１号発行日：2007年５月編集・発行：北陸先端科学技術大学院大学科学技術開発戦略センター〒923-1292 石川県能美市旭台１丁目１番 TEL 0761-51-1839 FAX 0761-51-1767 m009_P0003932 07.5.29 11:42 AM ページ2

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኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ໬Ꮫ⣔◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐᥈⣴ᡭἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ 㸫 ᡂ⇍⏘ᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ 㸫 ᖹᯇ ❶⏨㸦▱㆑⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉㸧 Abstract: ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᡂ⇍⏘ᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ᐹࡋࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ໬Ꮫ⣔ ◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐᥈⣴࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖసᡂࡢᥦ᱌ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ 㸯㸬ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺ 3 ᭶࡟㛶㆟Ỵᐃࡉࢀࡓ➨ 3 ᮇ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ ᇶᮏィ⏬࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠕ⛉ᏛࡢⓎᒎ࡜⤯࠼ࡊࡿ࢖ࣀ࣋ ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ๰ฟࠖࡀㄢ㢟࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ[1]ࠋࡲࡓࠊᖹ ᡂ 18 ᖺ 9 ᭶࡟Ⓨ㊊ࡋࡓᏳಸෆ㛶࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ2025 ᖺࡲ࡛ࢆど㔝࡟ධࢀࡓᡂ㛗࡟㈉⊩ࡍࡿ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙ ࣥࡢ๰ฟࡢࡓࡵࡢ㛗ᮇᡓ␎ᣦ㔪ࠕ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ㸰㸳ࠖࡢ⟇ᐃࡀබ⣙࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ[2]ࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞≧ἣ ࡢ୰࡛ࠊᡂ⇍⏘ᴗ࡜ゝࢃࢀࡿ໬Ꮫ⏘ᴗ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ࢖ ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆㄏⓎࡋࠊ♫఍࡟኱ࡁ࡞㈉⊩ࢆࡶࡓࡽ ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣࠊᡂ⇍⏘ᴗ࡟࠾ ࡅࡿ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣఱ࠿ࢆ⪃ᐹࡋࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ໬ Ꮫ⣔◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐㑅ᐃ࡟࠶ ࡓࡾࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆຠ⋡ ⓗ࡟᥈⣴࡛ࡁࡿᡭἲ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࠋ 㸰㸬࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣ ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆࠕᢏ⾡㠉᪂ࠖ࡜᪥ᮏㄒ࡟ヂࡋࡓ ሙྜࠊ〇㐀ᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࡢ༳㇟ࡀᙉ࠸ࠋࡋ࠿ ࡋ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢᐃ⩏࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣࢩ࣒࣮ࣗ࣌ࢱ࣮ [3]ࡢࠕ᪂⤖ྜࠖ࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ(1)᪂ࡋ࠸㈈㈌ࠊ(2) ᪂ࡋ࠸⏕⏘᪉ἲࠊ(3)᪂ࡋ࠸㈍㊰ࡢ㛤ᣅࠊ(4)ཎᩱ࠶ࡿ ࠸ࡣ༙〇ရࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸౪⤥※ࡢ⋓ᚓࠊ(5)᪂ࡋ࠸⤌⧊ࡢ ᐇ⌧ࠊࡀྂࡃ࠿ࡽゝࢃࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ〇㐀ᴗ࡟㝈ࡽࡎ࢖ ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡣᏑᅾࡍࡿࠋᚋ⸨[4]ࡣࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙ ࣥ࡜ࡣࠕ᪂ࡋ࠸〇ရࡸ⏕⏘ࡢ᪉ἲࢆᡂຌ⿬࡟ᑟධࡍ ࡿࡇ࡜ࠖࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜ࡋࠊ〇ရ࡟ࡣ㈈࡜ࢧ࣮ࣅ ࢫࡢ୧᪉ࡀྵࡲࢀࠊ⏕⏘ࡢ᪉ἲ࡟ࡣᕤ⛬㠉᪂ࡔࡅ࡛ ࡞ࡃ⤌⧊㠉᪂ࡶྵࡲࢀࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᩥ㒊⛉ Ꮫ┬⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤࡢࠕ඲ᅜ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥㄪ ᰝ⤫ィሗ࿌ࠖ[5]࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣࠕᕷ ሙ࡟ᑟධࡉࢀࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸ࡲࡓࡣ࠿࡞ࡾᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࣉࣟ ࢲࢡࢺ㸦ၟရࡲࡓࡣࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ㸧ࠊࡲࡓࡣ⮬♫ෆ࡛ࡢ᪂ ࡋ࠸࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾᨵၿࡉࢀࡓࣉࣟࢭࢫࡢᑟධࢆព ࿡ࡍࡿࠋ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡣࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸ᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࠊ᪤Ꮡ ᢏ⾡ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⮬♫࡟ࡼࡗ࡚⋓ ᚓࡉࢀࡓ௚ࡢ▱㆑ࡢ฼⏝ࡢ⤖ᯝ࡟ࡼࡾ㉳ࡇࡿࡶࡢࠖ ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᐃ⩏࡟ᚑ࠺࡜ࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡣ᭱ඛ➃ࡢᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶᚲせ࡞ࢃࡅ ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨ௨እࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ᕤኵࡶ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩ ࣙࣥ࡟࡞ࡾᚓࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡀࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡣࠕ〇 ရࡸ〇ἲࡀᕷሙ࡛ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡚ࡣࡌࡵ࡚ᐇ⌧ࡍ ࡿࠖ[6]ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾࠊⓎ᫂ࡸⓎぢࡶ⤒῭ⓗ࡞ᡂᯝ㸦฼ ┈㸧ࡀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣ࿧࡭࡞࠸ࠊ࡜ࡶ ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ 2004 ᖺ 12 ᭶࡟⡿ᅜࡢᅜᐙ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩ࣭ࣙࣥ࢖ࢽ ࢩ࢔ࢸ࢕ࣈ㸦NII㸧ࡀⓎ⾲ࡋࡓሗ࿌᭩ࠕ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢺ࣭ ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝㸦㏻⛠㸸ࣃ࣑ࣝࢧ࣮ࣀ࣭࣏࣮ࣞࢺ㸧ࠖ[7]࡛ ࡣࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆࠕⓎ᫂࡜Ὕᐹࡢ஺Ⅼࠊ♫఍ⓗ ౯್࡜⤒῭ⓗ౯್ࡢ๰㐀ࢆᑟࡃ ࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓྠᵝ࡟ࠊ➨ 3 ᮇ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᇶᮏィ⏬࡛ࡣ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ ࢩࣙࣥࢆࠕ⛉ᏛⓗⓎぢࡸᢏ⾡ⓗⓎ᫂ࢆὝᐹຊ࡜⼥ྜ ࡋⓎᒎࡉࡏࠊ᪂ࡓ࡞♫఍ⓗ౯್ࡸ⤒῭ⓗ౯್ࢆ⏕ࡳ ฟࡍ㠉᪂ࠖ࡜ᐃ⩏ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ࡝ࡕࡽࡶ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙ

The National Innovation Initiative (NII) defines innovation as the intersection of invention and insight, leading to the creation of social and economic value.

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ࣥࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍ౯್㸦value㸧࡟╔┠ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨ 3 ᮇ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᇶᮏィ⏬࡟࠾ࡅࡿᇶᮏጼໃࡢ୍ࡘࠊࠕ♫ ఍࣭ᅜẸ࡟ᨭᣢࡉࢀࠊᡂᯝࢆ㑏ඖࡍࡿ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡛ࠖ ࡣࠊࠕ⤯࠼㛫࡞ࡃ⛉ᏛࡢⓎᒎࢆᅗࡾ▱ⓗ࣭ᩥ໬ⓗ౯್ ࢆ๰ฟࡍࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡢᡂᯝࢆ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩ ࣙࣥࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ♫఍࣭ᅜẸ࡟㑏ඖࡍࡿດຊࢆᙉ໬ࡍ ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ⤒῭㠃࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ᫂ゝࡉࢀ ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡶࡢࡢࠊ♫఍ࡸᅜẸ࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀࡿࡇ࡜ ࡛࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠋ࠸ ࡎࢀ࡟ࡋ࡚ࡶࡇࢀࡽࡢᐃ⩏࡟ᚑ࠼ࡤࠊ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡉࢀ ࡓᡂᯝ㸦〇ရࠊᡭἲ㸧ࡀᐇ⏝໬ࡉࢀୡࡢ୰࡟ཷࡅධ ࢀࡽࢀࡓࡶࡢࡀࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩ࡛ࣙࣥ࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࠋ 㸱㸬ᡂ⇍⏘ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ໬Ꮫ⏘ᴗ ໬Ꮫ⏘ᴗࡣࠊ⏘ᴗࡢྡ๓ࡀ୍ᐃࡢ〇ရࢆᣦࡋ࡚࠸ ࡞࠸⏘ᴗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㐪࠺ཎᩱ࠿ࡽྠࡌ≀㉁ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿྍ ⬟ᛶࡶ኱ࡁ࠸ࡇ࡜ࡸࠊ⿦⨨⏘ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝ࡢ≉ ᚩࡀ࠶ࡿ[8]ࠋ᪥ᮏࡢ໬Ꮫᕤᴗࡢᖺ㛫ฟⲴ㢠ࡣ⣙ 24 ඙෇㸦2004 ᖺ㸧࡛࠶ࡾࠊ〇㐀ᴗ඲యࡢ 8.5%ࢆ༨ࡵ ࡚࠸ࡿ[9]ࠋࡲࡓࠊ໬Ꮫᕤᴗࡀ⏕⏘ࡍࡿ〇ရࡣࠊ໬Ꮫ ⫧ᩱࠊ↓ᶵ໬Ꮫᕤᴗ〇ရࠊ᭷ᶵ໬Ꮫᕤᴗ〇ရࠊ໬Ꮫ ⧄⥔࡞࡝ᖜᗈ࠸⏘ᴗ࡛ཎᩱࡸ୰㛫〇ရ࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉ ࢀࡿࡶࡢࡸࠊ་⸆ရࠊ໬⢝ရࠊὙ๣ࠊሬᩱࠊ෗┿ࣇ ࢕࣒ࣝ࡞࡝᭱⤊〇ရ࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿࡶࡢࡀ࠶ࡿ [10]ࠋࡋ࠿ࡋ 1990 ᖺ௦௨㝆ࠊ໬Ꮫᕤᴗࡢᖺ㛫ฟⲴ㢠 ࡣ 23 ඙෇๓ᚋࡢ࡯ࡰᶓࡤ࠸࡛᥎⛣ࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ໬Ꮫ ᕤᴗ〇ရࡢฟⲴ㢠ᵓᡂẚࡶ࡯ࡰྠࡌ๭ྜ࡛᥎⛣ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠊ໬ᏛᕤᴗࡢฟⲴ㢠ࡣ〇㐀ᴗ඲య ࠿ࡽぢࡿ࡜ẚ㍑ⓗ኱ࡁ࡞๭ྜࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ࡟ࡶ࠿࠿ ࢃࡽࡎࠊ኱ࡁ࡞ᡂ㛗ࢆࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࠊ໬Ꮫ⏘ ᴗࡣᡂ⇍⏘ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ぢ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞୰࡟࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸ ᡂᯝ㸦〇ရࠊᡭἲ㸧ࡀᐇ⏝໬ࡉࢀࠊᚑ᮶ࡢࡶࡢ࡜⨨ ࡁ᥮࠼ࡽࢀࡿᙧ࡛ୡࡢ୰࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋ᪤࡟㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺ ࡟໬Ꮫ⏘ᴗࡣ〇ရࡢฟⲴ㢠ࡀẚ㍑ⓗከࡃ᪤࡟኱ࡁ࡞ 㟂せࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ ࡀᐇ⌧ࡍࢀࡤࡑࡢᙳ㡪ຊࡣ኱ࡁ࠸ࠋࡇࡇ࡟ࠊᡂ⇍⏘ ᴗ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿព⩏ࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ 㸲㸬◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐᥈⣴࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡣᩘከࡃ⾜ࢃ ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ〇ရࡸᡭἲࡀᐇ⏝໬࡟⮳ࡽ࡞࠸࠿ࠊ࠶ ࡿ࠸ࡣ㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓ〇ရࡀᕷሙ࡟ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡞࠸ࡓ ࡵ࡟ࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡶᑡ࡞ࡃ࡞ ࠸ࠋ⬟ぢ[11]ࡣࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡣ◊✲㛤 Ⓨࢸ࣮࣐ࡢ᫝㠀࡟኱ࡁࡃ౫Ꮡࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࠊࣉࣟ ࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᆺࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ࡚㐺ษ࡞ࠕᐇ⏝໬ࢩ ࢼࣜ࢜ࠖࢆసᡂࡍࡿᡭἲࢆ᳨ウࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊ ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺᆺࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨ࡛ࡣ୍ᐃࡢᮇ㛫୰࡟◊✲ 㛤Ⓨ㈝࡜◊✲⪅ࢆ㞟୰ⓗ࡟ᢞධࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ ࡿࡀࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢᩍ⫱࡜ ࠸࠺┠ⓗࡶ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㞟୰ⓗ࡞ᢞධࡀᚲࡎࡋࡶྍ⬟ ࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀᕷሙ࡛฼┈ ࢆୖࡆ࡚ึࡵ࡚ᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔࡟ ࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡂᯝࢆᐇ⏝໬ࡋၟရ࡜ࡋ࡚ᕷሙ࡟ᢞ ධࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶ฼┈ࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿẸ㛫௻ ᴗࢆ௓ࡉࡊࡿࢆᚓࡎࠊࡑࡢẸ㛫௻ᴗࡢពྥࢆࡶ⪃៖ ࡋ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ⌮⏤࠿ࡽࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ ◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾࠸࡚࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿ◊✲㛤Ⓨ ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ㑅ᐃࡍࡿ࡟ࡶ኱ࡁ࡞ไ⣙ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊⓙࡀ⣡ᚓ ࡍࡿ᪉ἲ࡛◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ᥈⣴ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㸳㸬◊✲㛤Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࡢᥦ᱌ ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡂᯝࢆ♫఍࡟ཷ ࡅධࢀ࡚ࡶࡽ࠺ࡓࡵ࡟ࡣࠊᡂᯝࢆ〇ရࠊࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ➼ ࡜ࡋ࡚ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢࠕᑟධࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࠖࡸࠊᕷሙ࠾ ࡼࡧ♫఍ࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ᢏ⾡ⓗㄢ㢟ࡸせ⣲ᢏ⾡ࢆ㑅ᐃࡋ࡚グ㍕ࡋࡓࠕᢏ⾡࣐ࢵࣉࠖࠊ࠾ ࡼࡧ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡸᢏ⾡ࡢ㐍ᒎࢆ᫬㛫㍈ୖ࡟グ㍕ࡋࡓ

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ࠕ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࠖࡢ฼⏝ࡀ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆࠊ ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ࡀ⟇ᐃࡋࡓࠕᢏ⾡ᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖ[12]࡟࡞ ࡒࡽ࠼࡚ࠊࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖ࡜࿧ࡪ ࡇ࡜࡟ࡍࡿࠋ ௨ୗ࡛ࡣࠊJAIST ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ◊✲⛉ࡢ ໬Ꮫ⣔◊✲ᐊ࡛࠶ࡿᑎ㔝◊✲ᐊࢆ౛࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕ◊✲㛤 Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖࢆసᡂࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮ ࣐ࢆ᥈⣴ࡍࡿᡭἲ࡟ࡘ࠸᳨࡚ウࡍࡿࠋ ᑎ㔝◊✲ᐊ[13]ࡣࠊࠕḟୡ௦ᆺ㧗ᶵ⬟࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ ࣥ⣔ᮦᩱࡢ๰〇ࠖࢆ┠ᣦࡋ࡚ࠊ኱ࡁࡃศࡅࡿ࡜ࠊ (1)࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥ㔜ྜ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ㔜ྜึᮇࡢ཯ᛂᶵᵓࡢ ゎ᫂ (2)ゐ፹ࡢ⾲㠃ほᐹ࡜᪂ࡋ࠸ᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ ࣥ㔜ྜゐ፹ࡢ㛤Ⓨ (3)࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥ⣔ࢼࣀࢥ࣏ࣥࢪࢵࢺᮦᩱࡢ㛤Ⓨ (4)࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥࡢᏳᐃ໬࡜ຎ໬ᶵᵓࡢゎ᫂ ࡢ 4 ࡘࡢࢸ࣮࣐࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ ࣏ࣜࣉࣟࣆࣞࣥ࡞ࡽࡧ࡟࣏࢚ࣜࢳࣞࣥࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋ ࡓ࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥᮦᩱࡣࠊ2005 ᖺᗘࡢᅜෆ⏕⏘㔞ࡀ ⣙ 630 ୓ࢺࣥ࡜ࠊᅜෆࡢࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡཎᮦᩱ⏕⏘㔞 ྜィ 1,400 ୓ࢺࣥࡢ 45%ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ[14]ࠋⅣ⣲࡜ Ỉ⣲ࡔࡅ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥࡣࠊ↝༷᫬࡟ࢲ࢖ ࢜࢟ࢩࣥࢆⓎ⏕ࡋ⎔ቃởᰁࡢཎᅉ࡜࡞ࡿሷ໬ࣅࢽࣝ ᶞ⬡㸦ᅜෆᖺ㛫⏕⏘㔞⣙ 215 ୓ࢺࣥ㸧ࡢ௦᭰ရ࡜ࡋ ࡚ࠊ㟂せࡀ㧗ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ࣏ࣜሷ໬ࣅ ࢽࣝࢆ౑⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ〇ရ㸦⮬ື㌴⏝㒊ရࠊໟ⿦ᐜჾ ࡞࡝㸧ࢆ࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥᮦᩱࡢ〇ရ࡛௦᭰ࡋᕷሙ࡟ ᢞධࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡢᐇ⌧࡟ྥࡅࡓࠕᑟ ධࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢ࣏ࣜ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥᮦᩱࢆྜᡂࡍࡿ㝿࡟ᚲせ࡜࡞ ࡿࡢࡀࢳ࣮ࢢ࣮࣭ࣛࢼࢵࢱゐ፹ࡸࣇ࢕ࣜࢵࣉࢫゐ፹ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞㑄⛣㔠ᒓゐ፹࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࡑࡢゐ፹ࡢ ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥ㔜ྜ࣓࢝ࢽࢬ࣒࡟ࡣ࠸ࡲࡔ࡟ゎ᫂ࡉࢀ࡚ ࠸࡞࠸࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ࢜ࣞࣇ࢕ࣥ㔜ྜࡢຠ⋡ࢆୖࡆ ࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣึᮇẁ㝵཯ᛂᶵᵓࢆゎ᫂ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࠊࡑࡢ ࡓࡵ࡟㏿ᗘㄽⓗ࡞࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡸ࣑ࢡࣟᵓ㐀ࡢゎᯒ࡞ ࡝ࡢᡭἲࢆ⏝࠸ࡿࠊ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ᢏ⾡ⓗㄢ㢟ࡸᚲせ ࡞せ⣲ᢏ⾡ࢆิᣲࡋࠊࡇࢀࡽࢆ㺀ᢏ⾡࣐ࢵࣉ㺁࡟グ㍕ ࡍࡿࠋ ࡉࡽ࡟ࠊ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡂᯝࡢᕷሙ࡬ࡢᢞධ┠ᶆ᫬ᮇࡸࠊ ࡑࢀ࡟ᚲせ࡞せ⣲ᢏ⾡ࡢ㐍ᒎࢆ㛵㐃௜ࡅ࡚᫬㛫㍈ୖ ࡟ิᣲࡍࢀࡤࠊ◊✲㛤Ⓨㄢ㢟ࡢ᫬㛫ⓗ㐍⾜ィ⏬ࢆ♧ ࡍࠕ࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉࠖ࡜࡞ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀࡽ୍㐃ࡢࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖࢆసᡂࡍࡿ సᴗࡣࠊฟ᮶ࡿࡔࡅከࡃࡢ㛵ಀ⪅ࡀཧຍࡋ࡚ᐇ᪋ࡍ ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐᥈⣴ࡢ㐣⛬ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚ࠊ ከࡃࡢ㛵ಀ⪅ࡀ⣡ᚓࡍࡿ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ㑅ᐃࡍࡿࡇ࡜ ࡀྍ⬟࡜࡞ࡿ࠿ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸴㸬኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐᥈⣴ ኱Ꮫ㝔࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊᐇ㦂ࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡿ໬Ꮫ⣔◊✲ᐊ ࡟㓄ᒓࡉࢀࡓ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡀࠊ⮬ศࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ᥈⣴ ࡍࡿ㝿࡟ࡣࠊ௨ୗࡢせ⣲ࢆ⪃៖ࡍࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ [15]ࠋ (1)⮬ࡽࡢ⯆࿡࣭㛵ᚰࡢ࠶ࡿ஦᯶ (2)⮬ࡽࡢࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ◊✲⤒㦂 (3)◊✲ᐊ㸦ᣦᑟᩍဨ㸧ࡢ◊✲᪉㔪 (4)◊✲ᐊ࡛ࡢ฼⏝ྍ⬟࡞ᐇ㦂タഛ (5)◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐Ⓨᒎᛶࡢぢᴟࡵ ๓⠇࡛㏙࡭ࡓࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉ࡛ࠖࡣࠊᕷሙ ࡟ᢞධࡍࡿ〇ရࢆᇶ‽࡟◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ᥈⣴ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ࡣ⮬ศࡢ⯆࿡㛵ᚰࡸ◊✲ᐊ ࡢᐇ㦂タഛࠊ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡢⓎᒎᛶࢆ⪃៖࡟ධࢀ࡞ࡀ ࡽࠊᡤᒓࡍࡿ◊✲ᐊ࡛ᐇ᪋ྍ⬟࡞◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࢆ㑅ᢥ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࠋ௨๓ࠊJAIST ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢧ࢖࢚ࣥ ࢫ◊✲⛉࡟ᑐࡋ࡚Ꮫ⾡◊✲࣮ࣟࢻ࣐ࢵࣉసᡂࢆᨭ᥼ ࡍࡿࢶ࣮ࣝࡀᥦ౪ࡉࢀࡓ౛ࡣ࠶ࡿ[16]ࡀࠊࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨ ᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖࢆࡇࢀ࡟௜ࡅຍ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ኱Ꮫ㝔⏕ ࡣ⮬ศࡢ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐ࡢ♫఍ⓗ࡞఩⨨࡙ࡅࡸᑗ᮶ࡢⓎ ᒎᛶࡀࡼࡾ⌮ゎ࡛ࡁࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ྥࡅࡓ◊✲

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㛤Ⓨ࡟ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㸵㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡣఱ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⪃ ᐹࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ໬Ꮫ⏘ᴗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᡂ⇍⏘ᴗ࡟࠾࠸࡚࢖ࣀ ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿព⩏ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ ኱Ꮫ㝔ࡢ໬Ꮫ⣔◊✲ᐊ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐᥈⣴࡟ࡘ ࠸࡚ࠊࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖసᡂࡢᥦ᱌ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉࠖࡢලయⓗ࡞సᡂ࠾ ࡼࡧ฼⏝᪉ἲ࡜ࡑࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡢ᳨ドࡣࠊ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡜ ࡋ࡚ṧࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡞࠾ࠊᮏ◊✲ࡣ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ 21 ୡ⣖ COE ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛࠕ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ ࡢ๰㐀࡜ᐇ㊶ࠖࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ [1] ࠕ➨ 3 ᮇ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᇶᮏィ⏬ࠖ㸪ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 28 ᪥㸪㛶 ㆟Ỵᐃ㸪ෆ㛶ᗓ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ http://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/kihonkeikaku/index3.html [2] ࠕ➨ 165 ᅇᅜ఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏳಸෆ㛶⥲⌮኱⮧ᡤಙ⾲᫂₇ ㄝࠖ㸪ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺ 9 ᭶ 29 ᪥㸪㤳┦ᐁ㑰࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ http://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/abespeech/2006/09/29syosin.html [3] ࢩ࣒࣮ࣗ࣌ࢱ࣮ⴭ㸹ሷ㔝㇂♸୍㸪୰ᒣఀ▱㑻㸪ᮾ⏿⢭୍ ヂ㸸ࠗ⤒῭Ⓨᒎࡢ⌮ㄽ㸦ୖ㸧࠘㸪ᒾἼᩥᗜ 34-147-1㸪ᒾἼ ᭩ᗑ㸪1977. [4] ᚋ⸨᫭㸸ࠗ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜᪥ᮏ⤒῭࠘㸪ᒾἼ᪂᭩㸦᪂㉥ ∧㸧684㸪ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ㸪2000. [5] ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ㸸ࠕ඲ᅜ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ ㄪᰝ⤫ィሗ࿌ࠖ㸪2004 ᖺ 12 ᭶. [6] ୍ᶫ኱Ꮫ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮㸸ࠗ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙ ࣭࣐ࣥࢿࢪ࣓ࣥࢺධ㛛࠘㸪᪥ᮏ⤒῭᪂⪺♫㸪2001.

[7] The Council on Competitiveness: Innovate America: Thriving in a World of Challenges and Change,

National Innovation Initiative Summit and Report, December, 2004. ᴫせ∧ࡣ http://www.innovateamerica.org/webscr/NII_EXEC_SUM.pdf [8] ఀ୹ᩗஅ࣭ఀ୹◊✲ᐊ㸸ࠗ᪥ᮏࡢ໬Ꮫ⏘ᴗ ࡞ࡐୡ⏺࡟ ❧ࡕ㐜ࢀࡓࡢ࠿࠘㸪NTT ฟ∧㸪1991. [9] ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬⤒῭⏘ᴗᨻ⟇ᒁㄪᰝ⤫ィ㒊㸸ࠕᕤᴗ⤫ィㄪᰝࠖ㸪 http://www.meti.go.jp/statistics/data/h2i0000j.html [10]ࠕክ࣭໬Ꮫ㸫21ࠖጤဨ఍㸸ࠗࢢࣛࣇ࡛ࡳࡿ᪥ᮏࡢ໬Ꮫᕤ ᴗ 2006࠘㸪♫ᅋἲே᪥ᮏ໬Ꮫᕤᴗ఍ࣃࣥࣇࣞࢵࢺ㸪2006. ᪥ᮏ໬Ꮫᕤᴗ༠఍࣮࣒࣮࣮࣍࣌ࢪ http://www.nikkakyo.org/index.php3 [11]⬟ぢ฼ᙪ㸸ࠕ◊✲㛤Ⓨࢸ᳨࣮࣐ウ᫬ࡢᐇ⏝໬ࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࡢ సᡂᡭἲࠖ㸪◊✲ᢏ⾡ィ⏬Ꮫ఍➨ 20 ᅇᖺḟᏛ⾡኱఍ㅮ ₇せ᪨㞟㸪Vol.20㸪No.2㸪pp.537-540㸪2005. [12]⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬㸸ࠗᢏ⾡ᡓ␎࣐ࢵࣉ 2006࠘ࡢ⟇ᐃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪 ⤒῭⏘ᴗ┬ሗ㐨Ⓨ⾲㈨ᩱ㸪ᖹᡂ 18 ᖺ 4 ᭶ 28 ᪥㸪⤒῭ ⏘ᴗ┬࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ http://www.meti.go.jp/press/20060428011/20060428011.html [13]໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࣐ࢸࣜ࢔ࣝࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ◊ ✲⛉ ᑎ㔝◊✲ᐊ࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ http://www.jaist.ac.jp/ms/labs/bunrikinou/terano-www/i_index.html [14]᪥ᮏࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡᕤᴗ㐃┕࣮࣒࣮࣍࣌ࢪ⤫ィ㈨ᩱ http://www.jpif.gr.jp/3toukei/toukei.htm [15]ᖹᯇ❶⏨࣭Dodik Kurniawan࣭ᑠᯘಇဢ࣭ᑎ㔝⛱࣭୰ ᳃⩏㍤㸸ࠕ᪂ᵓ᝿኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ࢸ࣮࣐᥈⣴ᡭ ἲࡢ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖ㸪◊✲࣭ᢏ⾡ィ⏬Ꮫ఍➨ 21 ᅇᖺḟ Ꮫ⾡኱఍ㅮ₇せ᪨㞟Ϩ㸪Vol.21㸪No.1㸪pp.72-75㸪௝ྎ㸪 10 ᭶ 21 ᪥~22 ᪥㸪2006.

[16]Ma, T., S. Liu, and Y. Nakamori : Roadmapping as a Way of Knowledge Management for Supporting Scientific Research in Academia, Systems Research and Behavioral Science, Vol.223, pp.743-755, 2006.

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⛉Ꮫ▱㆑䛾๰㐀䛾䛯䜑䛾䝷䝪䝷䝖䝸䞉䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䠉໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ

Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛯஦౛◊✲

ྜྷỌ ᓫྐ䠄▱㆑⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉䠅

せ᪨ ໭㝣ඛ➃኱Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛶䚸ᣢ⥆ⓗ䛻䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢㉳䛣䛧䛶䛔䛟䛯䜑䛾ᐇ㦂⣔◊✲ᐊ䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖᪉㔪䛻䛴䛔䛶ㄪᰝ䞉ศᯒ䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䚸1)ே㛫ⓗ䛺䛛䜏䛸㐺ᗘ䛺ཝ䛧䛥䛾 2 䛴䛾㞺ᅖẼ䛜⤫ྜ䛥䜜䛯⛉Ꮫⓗ ᐇ㊶䛸䛭䜜䜢ᨭ䛘䜛◊✲⌧ሙ䛸ᩍဨ䛾㊥㞳䛾㏆䛥䚸2)✚ᴟⓗ䛺◊✲ᐊෆእ䛾㐃ᦠ䛾 2 Ⅼ䛜┦ᙜ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ 䛛䛳䛯䚹௒ᚋ䛾ㄢ㢟䛸䛧䛶䚸䛣䜜䜙䛾άື䜢ᙉ໬䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻᭷ຠ䛺ᨭ᥼⟇䜢᳨ウ䛧䛶䛔䛟䚹䜻䞊䝽䞊䝗䠖ᐇ㦂⣔◊✲ᐊ䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䚸䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䚸ᣑᙇⓗᏛ⩦ 1. ◊✲䛾⫼ᬒ䛸┠ⓗ ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ䠄௨ୗ䚸໭㝣 ඛ➃኱䠅䛜ᖹᡂ 15 ᖺᗘ䛛䜙᥎㐍䛧䛶䛔䜛 21 ୡ⣖ COE 䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䛂▱㆑⛉Ꮫ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡䛾๰ 㐀䛸ᐇ㊶䛃䠄௨ୗ䚸▱㆑ COE䠅䛾୺䛺䝭䝑䝅䝵䞁䛾 1 䛴䛻䚸໭㝣ඛ➃኱䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇◊✲⛉䜢 ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛶䚸ᣢ⥆ⓗ䛻㧗䛔◊✲ᡂᯝ䜢⤌⧊ⓗ䛻ᣲ 䛢䜛䛯䜑䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖ᨭ᥼䛜䛒䜛䚹䛧䛛䛧䛺䛜䜙䚸䛣䜜䜎䛷ᐇ᪋䛥䜜䛯ᩘ౛䛾ྲྀ⤌䜏䛿ᚲ䛪䛧䜒ຠ䜢 ዌ䛧䛯䛸䛿ゝ䛘䛺䛔䚹䛭䛾せᅉ䛸䛧䛶䚸䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇◊✲⛉䛾ಶ䚻䛾◊✲ᐊ䛜䛹䛾䜘䛖䛻䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䛛䜢඘ศ䛻ㄪᰝ䛫䛪䚸◊✲ᐊ䛾䝙䞊䝈䛻༶䛧䛯䝋䝸䝳䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ᥦ౪䛷䛝䛺䛛䛳䛯䛣䛸䛜䛒䛢䜙䜜䜛䚹㻌㻌 ຍ䛘䛶ᖹᡂ 17 ᖺᗘ䛻⾜䜟䜜䛯୰㛫ᑂᰝ䛾⤖ ᯝ䚸▱㆑ COE 䛿䛂䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛃䛻䝣䜷䞊䜹䝇䛧䛯 ◊✲䜢⾜䛖᪉㔪䛜ᡴ䛱ฟ䛥䜜䛯䚹䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛸䛿⤒῭Ꮫ䛾኱ᐙ䛷䛒䜛 Schumpeter䠄1934䠅䛜ᥦၐ 䛧䛯ᴫᛕ䛷䛒䜛䚹⤒ႠᏛ䛾ศ㔝䛷䛿䚸୍⯡ⓗ䛻䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿䛂㌶㐨ಟṇ䛃䛸ㄝ᫂䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔䚹䛴䜎䜚䚸௒䜎䛷䛾⪃䛘᪉䛸䛿᰿ᮏⓗ䛻␗䛺䜛Ⓨ᝿ 䛾䜒䛸᪤Ꮡ䛾ㅖせ⣲䠄ᢏ⾡䛺䛹䠅䛜⤖ྜ䛥䜜䛶䚸〇 ရ䜔䝋䝸䝳䞊䝅䝵䞁䛸䛧䛶ලయⓗ䛺䝙䞊䝈䛻ᛂ䛘䜛䝰䝜䜈䛸⤖ᬗ໬䛩䜛๰㐀ⓗ䛺ႠⅭ䛸䛧䛶ㄆ▱䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹Schumpeter䠄1934䠅䛜ᡴ䛱ฟ䛧䛯䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾 5 䛴䛾せ௳䜢䚸䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇◊✲⛉ 䛷⾜䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛⛉Ꮫ䛾Ⴀ䜏䛾ᩥ⬦䛷ᤊ䛘䛺䛚䛩䛸䚸 ḟ䛾䜘䛖䛻䛺䜛䛷䛒䜝䛖䚹1)䛂᪂䛧䛔㈈㈌䛾⏕⏘䛃䛛䜙䛂᪂䛧䛔⛉Ꮫⓗ▱ぢ䛾⋓ᚓ䛃䜈䚹2)䛂᪂䛧䛔⏕⏘ ᪉ᘧ䛾ᑟධ䛃䛛䜙䛂᪂䛧䛔ᐇ㦂᪉ᘧ䛾㛤Ⓨ䞉ᑟධ䛃䜈䚹3)䛂᪂䛧䛔㈍㊰䛾㛤ᣅ䛃䛛䜙䛂᪂䛧䛔◊✲ศ㔝䛾㛤ᣅ䛃䜈䚹4)䛂᪂䛧䛔௙ධඛ䛾⋓ᚓ䛃䛛䜙䛂᪂䛧䛔 ᐇ㦂ᮦᩱ䠄ヨᩱ䠅௙ධඛ䛾⋓ᚓ䛃䜈䚹5)䛂᪂䛧䛔⤌ ⧊䛾ᐇ⌧䛃䛛䜙䛂᪂䛧䛔◊✲ᐊ䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖యไ䛾 ᵓ⠏䛃䜈䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾せ௳䛿䚸⛉Ꮫㄽ䛾ศ㔝䛷 Kuhn 䠄1996䠅䛜ᥦ㉳䛧䛯”Scientific Revolutions”䛾ᴫᛕ 䛸䛛䛺䜚䛾㒊ศ䛷㔜䛺䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁◊✲䜢ᐇ᪋䛩䜛䛻䛒䛯䛳䛶䚸䛭䛾᪉ྥᛶ䛿 3 䛴䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹䜎䛪䚸1)䛂㐣ཤ䛻㉳䛣䛳䛯䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ໟᣓⓗ䛺グ㏙䜢ヨ䜏䜛䛃 ᪉ྥᛶ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛭䜜䛻䜘䛳䛶⛉Ꮫ䛾Ⴀ䜏䛻䛚䛡䜛䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝯䜹䝙䝈䝮䜢ゎ᫂䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ᮇᚅ 䛷䛝䜛䚹ḟ䛻䚸2)䛂ᣢ⥆ⓗ䛻䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢㉳䛣䛩䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䜛⤌⧊䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖యไ䛾グ㏙䜢ヨ䜏䜛䛃᪉ྥᛶ䛷䛒䜛䚹䛭䜜䛻䜘䛳䛶ᨭ㓄ⓗ䛺䝟䝷䝎䜲䝮䛛䜙⬺༷䛧䜘䛖䛸ヨ䜏䜛◊✲ᐊ䛾ඃ䜜䛯䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䞉䝰䝕䝹䜢ᢳฟ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ᮇᚅ䛷䛝䜛䚹᭱ᚋ䛻䚸 3)䛂IT 䝅䝇䝔䝮ᑟධ➼䛷◊✲ᐊ䜢ᨭ᥼䛩䜛䛃䛣䛸䛷䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ᐇ㝿䛻ᘬ䛝㉳䛣䛧䚸ᨭ᥼⟇䛾᭷ຠ ᛶ䜢ᐇド䛩䜛᪉ྥᛶ䛷䛒䜛䚹 ᮏ◊✲䛾┠ⓗ䛿䚸ᐇ㦂⣔◊✲ᐊ䛾䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁άື䛾ಁ㐍䛻ᐤ୚䛩䜛◊✲ᐊ䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖ᨭ ᥼⟇䛾Ⓨぢ䛷䛒䜛䚹ᚑ䛳䛶䚸๓㏙䛾 3 䛴䛾◊✲䛾 ᪉ྥᛶ䛾䛖䛱䚸▱㆑ COE 䛜㛤ጞ┤ᚋ䛛䜙ᚿྥ䛧䛶䛔䛯 3 䛴┠䛾᪉ྥᛶ䛻䛴䛺䛢䛶䛔䛟ど㔝䜢ᣢ䛱䛴䛴䚸2 䛴┠䛾᪉ྥᛶ䛷䛒䜛䛂ᣢ⥆ⓗ䛻䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵

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䞁䜢㉳䛣䛩⤌⧊䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖◊✲䛃䜢ᚿྥ䛩䜛䚹 2䠊◊✲ᐊ䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䛾ᐃ⩏䛸⌮ㄽⓗศᯒᯟ⤌䜏 ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䚸ᣢ⥆ⓗ䛻䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ᘬ䛝㉳䛣䛩◊✲ᐊ䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䜢䚸䛂◊✲㐍ᤖ⟶⌮䜢㉸䛘䛯䚸◊✲ᐊ䝯䞁䝞䞊䛜⛉Ꮫ䛾Ⴀ䜏䜢㏻䛨䛶◊ ✲ᐊෆእ䛷ඹ䛻Ꮫ䜃䛒䛔䚸ᡂ㛗䛧䛶䛔䛟䛯䜑䛾⎔ ቃ䛵䛟䜚䜢⾜䛖䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䛃䛸ᐃ⩏䛩䜛䚹䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛┠ⓗ䛷䚸Engeström䠄1987; 2001䠅䛜㛤Ⓨ䛧䚸୺䛻ᩍ⫱Ꮫ䚸䛺䛛䜣䛪䛟⏕ᾭᏛ⩦ ㄽ䛾ศ㔝䛷㆟ㄽ䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛ᣑᙇⓗᏛ⩦⌮ㄽ䛻╔ ┠䛧䚸ᙜ◊✲䛾⌮ㄽⓗศᯒᯟ⤌䜏䛸䛩䜛䚹 ᣑᙇⓗᏛ⩦䛿䚸䛂᭱㏆᥋Ⓨ㐩㡿ᇦ䠄zone of proximal development䠅䠗ಶே䛾⌧ᅾ䛾᪥ᖖⓗ⾜Ⅽ 䛸䚸♫఍ⓗάື䛾Ṕྐⓗ䛻᪂䛧䛔ᙧែ䛸䛾㛫䛾㊥㞳䛃䠄Engeström, 1987; ヂ, p.112䠅䜢Ώ䜛㐨⛬䛸䛧䛶 ≉ᚩ䛵䛡䜙䜜䜛䚹ᒣఫ䠄2004䠅䛿䚸ᣑᙇⓗᏛ⩦䛸䛿 ே䚻䛜ᐇ㊶䛾⌧ሙ䛻䛚䛔䛶⮬䜙䛾௙஦䜔⤌⧊䜢 ᪂䛯䛻䝕䝄䜲䞁䛧䛶䛔䛟䝥䝻䝉䝇䛷䛒䜚䚸ᐇ㊶⪅䛯䛱䛾⫱䛱ྜ䛔䛻ᇶ䛵䛟༠ാ䛾Ꮫ䜃䛣䛭䛜䛭䛾ᮏ㉁䛷䛒䜛䛸㏙䜉䛶䛔䜛䚹᭦䛻䚸Engeström䠄1987䠅䛿䚸 ⛉Ꮫⓗᐇ㊶䛿ᣑᙇⓗᏛ⩦䛜ാ䛟᭱㏆᥋Ⓨ㐩㡿ᇦ 䛷⾜䜟䜜䛶䛔䜛䛸୺ᙇ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹ᚑ䛳䛶䚸ᙜ䝰䝕䝹䜢ᇶ䛻ᐇ㝿䛾ᐇ㦂⣔◊✲ᐊ䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖஦౛䜢 ศᯒ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛾ጇᙜᛶ䛿䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜛䚹 ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䚸Engeström 䛜㛤Ⓨ䛧䛯ᣑᙇⓗᏛ ⩦䛾㟼ⓗ䛚䜘䜃ືⓗ䛺 2 䛴䛾䝰䝕䝹䜢⏝䛔䛶஦౛ ศᯒ䜢⾜䛖䚹㟼ⓗ䝰䝕䝹䛿㞟ᅋⓗ䞉ᣑᙇⓗάື䝅䝇䝔䝮ᵓ㐀䛸䛧䛶⾲䛥䜜䚸䛂䠄㞟ᅋⓗ䠅୺య䠗◊✲ᐊ 䛾඲యⓗ䛺άື䛾⟶⌮䛃䚸䛂㐨ල䠄፹௓䛩䜛ேᕤ ≀䠅䠗᪂䛧䛔άື䝰䝕䝹䛾๰ฟ䛸ᐇ㊶䛾䛯䜑䛾᪉ ἲㄽ䛃䚸䛂ᑐ㇟䛸⤖ᯝ䠗䝅䝇䝔䝬䝔䜱䝑䜽䛷ከ㠃ⓗ䛺どⅬ䜢ᣢ䛴䛣䛸䛷䚸άື䝰䝕䝹䜢ᣑᙇ䛧䛶䛔䛟䛃䚸䛂ศᴗ䠗ᰂ㌾䛷⮬ᚊⓗ䛺◊✲䝏䞊䝮䛾ᵓ⠏䛃䚸䛂ඹ ྠయ䠄䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱䠅䠗♫఍䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽䛻఩⨨䛵䛡䜙䜜䛯௚⤌⧊䛸䛾ඹྠ◊✲䛃䚸䛂䝹䞊䝹䠗◊✲ᐊෆ䛾 ༠ྠ䛸䜸䞊䝥䞁䛺䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛃䛾 6 䛴䛾せ⣲ 䛛䜙ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䜛䠄Engeström, 1987;㻌 ྜྷỌ୍㒊ಟ ṇ䠅䚹୍᪉䚸ືⓗ䝰䝕䝹䛿άື䝅䝇䝔䝮䛜▩┪䜢ゎᾘ䛧䛺䛜䜙ᣑᙇⓗ䛻⛣⾜䛩䜛 5 ẁ㝵䛾䝃䜲䜽䝹䠄Engeström, 2001; ྜྷỌ୍㒊ಟṇ䠅䛷䛒䜚䚸▩┪䚸 ኚ໬䚸άື䛜㡰ḟ⥅㉳䛩䜛 2 ᅇ䛾䝃䜲䜽䝹䛛䜙ᡂ 䜛䚹ලయⓗ䛻䛿䚸1䠅➨୍䛾▩┪䛻䜘䛳䛶ၥ㢟ព㆑ 䛜⏕䜎䜜䚸Ṕྐⓗ䞉⌧ᐇ䠉⤒㦂ⓗศᯒ䛻䜘䛳䛶➨ ୍䛾ኚ໬䛜⏕䛨䜛䚹2䠅ㄢ㢟ゎỴ᪉ἲ䛜䝰䝕䝹໬䛥䜜䜛䚹3䠅ၥ㢟䜢ゎỴ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾άື䛜䝰䝕䝹໬䛥䜜䚸➨୍䛾άື䛜⾜䜟䜜䜛䚹4䠅άື䝰䝕䝹䛾㐺⏝ 䠄ᐇ㊶䠅䛻䜘䛳䛶⏕䛨䜛➨஧䛾▩┪䜢ゎᾘ䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻┬ᐹ䜢⾜䛔䚸➨஧䛾ኚ໬䛜⏕䛨䜛䚹5䠅άື䝰䝕䝹䜢ᙉ໬䛧䚸➨஧䛾άື䛜㛤ጞ䛥䜜䜛䚹 3. ◊✲䛾ᑐ㇟䛸᪉ἲ 㻌㻌 ᮏ◊✲䛷䛿䚸஦౛◊✲ᡭἲ䜢㑅ᢥ䛧䛯䚹1 䛴䛾◊✲ᐊ䜢῝䛟ㄪᰝ䛧䚸䛭䛾◊✲ᐊ䛷ᚲせ䛸䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖ᨭ᥼⟇䜢᳨ウ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛣䛭䚸ᑗ᮶ 䛭䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖ᨭ᥼⟇䛾᭷ຠᛶ䜢ཝᐦ䛻ホ౯䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䛴䛺䛜䜛䛸⪃䛘䛯䛛䜙䛷䛒䜛䚹 ◊✲ᑐ㇟䛿䚸໭㝣ඛ➃኱䝬䝔䝸䜰䝹䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇◊✲⛉䛻ᡤᒓ䛩䜛Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䛸䛧䛯䚹Ỉ㇂◊✲ ᐊ䜢୺ᐓ䛩䜛Ỉ㇂஬㑻ᩍᤵ䠄௨ୗ䚸Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ䠅䛿䚸 ▱㆑ COE ⏤஭䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛂◊✲ဴᏛ䛻⿬ᡴ䛱䛥䜜䛯▱㆑๰㐀άື䛃䛾୺せ䛺᥎㐍䝯䞁䝞䞊䛷䛒䛳䛯䛣䛸䛛䜙䚸ㄪᰝ༠ຊ䜢ᚓ䜛䛣䛸䛜䛷䛝䛯䚹 Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䛿≀⌮Ꮫ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟ᐇ㦂⣔◊✲ ᐊ䛷䛒䜚䚸タ❧䛛䜙 13 ᖺ┠䜢㏄䛘䜛䚹୺䛺◊✲ෆ ᐜ䛿䚸䛂㠀⥺ᙧගᏛຠᯝ䛻䜘䛳䛶ほᐹ䛩䜛ᅛయ⾲㠃䜔ᶵ⬟ᛶ⏺㠃䛾άᛶ䛃䛷䛒䜚䚸䜹䝞䞊䛩䜛ᑓ㛛 ศ㔝䛿䚸⾲㠃≀ᛶ䚸ᅛయග≀ᛶ䚸㢧ᚤ㙾ἲ䛷䛒䜛䚹 ⊂⮬䛻㛤Ⓨ䛧䛯ほᐹ⿦⨨⣔⩌䜢ᣢ䛱䚸䛭䜜䜙䜢⏝ 䛔䛶⊂๰ⓗ䛺◊✲䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛䚹ᵓᡂேᩘ䛿◊✲ ᐊ䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䜢ᢸᙜ䛩䜛Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ䜢➹㢌䛻䚸బ 㔝㝧அຓᩍ䠄௨ୗ䚸బ㔝ຓᩍ䠅䚸༤ኈᚋᮇㄢ⛬Ꮫ ⏕ 6 ே䚸༤ኈ๓ᮇㄢ⛬Ꮫ⏕ 12 ே䛾ྜィ 20 ே 䠄2007 ᖺ 2 ᭶⌧ᅾ䠅䛷䛒䜛䚹ㄪᰝ䛾ᡭ㡰䛸䛧䛶䚸䜎䛪䚸2006 ᖺ 5 ᭶ 1 ᪥䛛䜙 10᭶ 30 ᪥䜎䛷䛾⣙ 6 䞄᭶㛫䚸ཎ๎ẖ㐌 1 ᅇ⾜䜟䜜䜛䝊䝭άື䜢ィ 18 ᅇ䚸ᘏ䜉⣙ 84 ᫬㛫䛻䜟䛯䜚ཧ ୚ほᐹ䛧䛯䚹᭦䛻䚸Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵᣦᑟ䛾ୗ⾜䜟䜜䛯༤ ኈᚋᮇㄢ⛬䛾Ꮫ⏕ 2 ே䛾ᐇ㦂άື䜢⣙ 13 ᫬㛫䛻䜟䛯䜚ཧ୚ほᐹ䛧䛯䚹ຍ䛘䛶䚸ୖグ䛾ほᐹ⤖ᯝ䜢

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ᇶ䛻䝬䝛䝆䝱䞊䛷䛒䜛Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ䛻 2006 ᖺ 8 ᭶ 23 ᪥䛻⣙ 2 ᫬㛫䛻䜟䛯䜚䜲䞁䝍䝡䝳䞊䜢ヨ䜏䛯䚹 4䠊ㄪᰝ⤖ᯝ ほᐹ䛚䜘䜃䜲䞁䝍䝡䝳䞊䛾⤖ᯝ䚸Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ 䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖᪉㔪䛿䚸ୗグ䛾 2 䛴䛻㞟⣙䛥䜜䜛䛣䛸䛜᫂䜙䛛䛻䛺䛳䛯䚹1䠅Ꮫ⏕䛜ᩍဨ䛻ᑐ➼䛺❧ሙ 䛷⮬⏤䛻ពぢ䜔䜰䜲䝕䜰䛜ฟ䛫䜛䜰䝑䝖䝩䞊䝮䛺㞺ᅖẼ䛸㐺ᗘ䛻⥭ᙇឤ䛾䛒䜛㞺ᅖẼ䜢୧❧䛥䛫䜛䚹 2䠅◊✲⛉ෆ䛾ศ㔝ᶓ᩿◊✲༠ຊ䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䛯䝃䝤䝔䞊䝬ไᗘ䠄୺䛺◊✲䛸䛿ู䛻௚䛾◊✲ᐊ䛷ᐇ 㦂䜢⾜䛳䛶䝺䝫䞊䝖䜢ᥦฟ䛩䜛໭㝣ඛ➃኱ᅛ᭷䛾 ไᗘ䠅䜔እ㒊ᶵ㛵䛸䛾㐃ᦠዡບไᗘ䜢䛖䜎䛟ά⏝䛧䚸 ᮏ᮶䛾䛂 ᐃᡭἲ䜢ᣮᡓ䛾ᡭẁ䛸䛩䜛◊✲ᐊ䛃䛛䜙䚸䛂᭱ඛ➃䛾ヨᩱస䜚䜒䛷䛝䜛䚸⿦⨨㛤Ⓨ䞉ヨᩱ〇స ୧㍯䛾᪂䛧䛔◊✲ᐊ䛃ീ䛻ྥ䛡䛶✚ᴟⓗ䛺ྲྀ䜚⤌ 䜏䜢⾜䛖䚹ୖグ 2 䛴䛾᪉㔪䛿䚸䛔䛪䜜䜒Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ 䛾๓⫋䛷䛒䜛ᮾ໭኱Ꮫᪧ₻⏣䠄⌧໭㝣ඛ➃኱Ꮫ 㛗䠅◊✲ᐊ䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖ᡭἲ䜢㋃く䛧䛴䛴䚸ヨ⾜㘒ㄗ䜢㔜䛽䛶ᨵၿ䜢ຍ䛘䚸䛣䛣ᩘᖺ䛷䜘䛖䜔䛟☜❧䛧䛯䜒䛾䛷䛒䜛䚹 1 䛴┠䛾䛂ඃ䛧䛥䛸㐺ᗘ䛺ཝ䛧䛥䜢ව䛽ഛ䛘䛯㞺ᅖẼస䜚䛃䛻䛿䚸໭㝣ඛ➃኱䛜Ꮫ㒊䜢ᣢ䛯䛺䛔 ኱Ꮫ㝔䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䚸Ꮫ⏕䛾ฟ㌟ศ㔝䛿୙ၥ䛾䛯䜑 ᙼ䜙䛾Ꮫၥⓗ⫼ᬒ䛿ከ✀ከᵝ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䚸ᇶ♏ⓗ 䛺▱㆑䜔䝇䜻䝹䛾ಟᚓ䛻᫬㛫䜢ྲྀ䜙䜜䛶◊✲ୖ䛾䝜䜴䝝䜴䜢ఏᤵ䛩䜛ᮇ㛫䛜▷䛔䛣䛸䛜⫼ᬒ䛻䛒䜛䚹䛣䛾䜘䛖䛺୍ぢ୙฼䛺≧ἣ䜢㏫ᡭ䛻䛸䛳䛶䚸◊✲ᐊ 䝯䞁䝞䞊䛜᪂䛧䛔ㄢ㢟䛻䝏䝱䝺䞁䝆䛩䜛䛯䜑䛾௙ ᥃䛡స䜚䜢䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹ලయⓗ䛻䛿䚸1)◊✲ሗ࿌䛾㝿䛻ୗ䛾Ꮫᖺ䛻ᇶ♏ⓗ䛺㉁ၥ䜢䛥䛫䛶ୖ䛾Ꮫᖺ䛻 ⟅䛘䛥䛫䜛䚸2)◊✲ሗ࿌䜢㏻䛨䛯㆟ㄽ䛾୰䛛䜙ᐟ 㢟䜢ฟ䛧䛶⟅䛘䜢ฟ䛩䜎䛷䛒䛝䜙䜑䛪䛻ㄢ㢟䛻ྲྀ䜚 ⤌䜎䛫䜛䚸3)ᐇ㦂㓄⨨ᅗ䚸ヨᩱ䛾ᵓ㐀䚸ほ䝕䞊䝍್䛻ᇶ䛵䛟䜾䝷䝣䜢ᢡ䛻ゐ䜜䛶ᡭ᭩䛝䛷᭩䛛䛫䜛➼䚸◊✲άື䛾ᅵྎ䛸䛺䜛≀⌮⌧㇟䜔ᐇ㦂⿦⨨ 䛾ཎ⌮䛾ᮏ㉁ⓗ䛺⌮ゎ䜢ಁ䛩ᶵ఍䜢ከ䛟タ䛡䛶䛔䜛䚹୍᪉䚸Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ䛜◊✲άື䛷ᚓ䛯య㦂䜢ໟ䜏㞃䛥䛪Ꮫ⏕䛻ఏ䛘䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸᭱ඛ➃䛾◊✲䜢⥆䛡䛶䛔䛟䛯䜑䛻䛿୙ྍḞ䛷䛒䜛䚸ᖖ䛻䝏䝱䝺䞁䝆⢭⚄ 䜢ಖ䛴䚸ᐇ㦂䛜䛖䜎䛟䛔䛛䛺䛔䛣䛸䜢䝛䜺䝔䜱䝤䛻ᤊ 䛘䛺䛔➼䛾⢭⚄ᛶྥୖ䛻ດ䜑䛶䛔䜛䚹䜎䛯䚸బ㔝 ຓᩍ䛸Ꮫ⏕ᣦᑟ䛾ᙺ๭ศᢸ䜢䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䚸Ỉ㇂ᩍ ᤵ䛜┤᥋◊✲⌧ሙ䛻䛔䜛ᶵ఍䜢☜ಖ䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹⌧ ሙ䛷ண᝿䜒䛴䛛䛺䛔ၥ㢟䛜Ⓨ⏕䛧䛯ሙྜ䛿䚸㛵ಀ ⪅䜢඲ဨ㞟䜑䛶䚸ᡭ䜢ື䛛䛧䛺䛜䜙⮬⏤䛺㞺ᅖẼ 䛷㆟ㄽ䜢⾜䛖䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾ྲྀ䜚⤌䜏䛿䚸◊✲ᐊ䛾Ꮡ⥆ 䜢ᦂ䜛䛜䛫䛛䛽䛺䛔୙ṇ䞉ᤐ㐀⾜Ⅽ䛾ண㜵⟇䛷䛒䜛䛂ᩍဨ䛾Ẽ䛻ධ䜛䜘䛖䛺సⅭ䛾ධ䛳䛯䝕䞊䝍䜢ᣢ 䛳䛶䛣䛥䛫䛺䛔䛃䛣䛸䛻䜒ᐤ୚䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹 2 䛴┠䛾䛂᭱ඛ➃䛾ヨᩱస䜚䜒䛷䛝䜛䚸⿦⨨㛤 Ⓨ䞉ヨᩱ〇స୧㍯䛾᪂䛧䛔◊✲ᐊീ䛃䜈䛾ᣮᡓᚿ ྥ䛿䚸Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ⮬㌟䛾䛂䜲䞁䝕䜱䞉䝆䝵䞊䞁䝈䛃䜢ᘬ 䛝ྜ䛔䛻ᗄᗘ䛸䛺䛟Ꮫ⏕䛻ఏ䛘䜙䜜䜛ෑ㝤⪅⢭⚄ 䛸䚸䛭䜜䛻௜㝶䛩䜛䛂ෑ㝤䛾㏵ୖពᅗ䛫䛪䛻䚸䛧䛛䜒䛖䜎䛔䛠䛒䛔䛻䛔䜝䛔䜝䛺䜒䛾䜢Ⓨぢ䛧䛺䛜䜙᪑ 䜢㐍䜑䛯䛸䛔䛖䛚䛸䛞ヰ䛃䠄Ỉ㇂, 2005; p.213䠅䛛䜙 ⏕䜎䜜䛯䛂䝉䝺䞁䝕䜱䝢䝔䜱䛃䛾ᴫᛕ䜢䜒䛸䛻䚸അ↛ 䛾ᶵ఍䜢᭱኱㝈ά䛛䛧䛶䛔䛟⪃䛘᪉䛜ᙳ㡪䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䛻㝈䜙䛪䚸኱Ꮫ䛾◊✲ᐊ䛿䝯䞁䝞䞊䛾ධ䜜᭰䜟䜚䛜⃭䛧䛔䛯䜑䚸◊✲ᐊእ䛾䜏䛺䜙䛪◊✲ᐊෆ䛾⎔ቃ䜒ᖖ䛻ኚ໬䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹䛭䛾䜘䛖䛺 ≧ἣ䛾୰䛷䜒◊✲ᐊ඲య䛾άຊ䜢⥔ᣢ䛧䛶䛔䛟䛯䜑䛻䚸ᖖ䛻᪂䛧䛔◊✲ᐊീ䜢᫂☜䛻䛧䛶ෆእ䛻♧ 䛩ດຊ䜢⥆䛡䛶䛔䜛䚹 ຍ䛘䛶䚸ᣑᙇⓗᏛ⩦䛾㟼ⓗ䞉ືⓗ୧䝰䝕䝹䛻 ᇶ䛵䛟ศᯒ⤖ᯝ䜢♧䛩䚹䜎䛪䚸㟼ⓗ䝰䝕䝹䛾άື 䝅䝇䝔䝮䛿ୗグ䛾䜘䛖䛺ᵓᡂ䛸䛺䜚䚸6 䛴䛾ᵓᡂせ ⣲䛜┦஫䛻ᙳ㡪䛧䛶䛔䜛䚹1䠅㞟ᅋⓗ୺య䠗⮬ᚊⓗ 䛷Ᏻᐃⓗ䛺 6 䛴䛾◊✲䝏䞊䝮䛻䜘䛳䛶ᵓᡂ䛥䜜䚸 Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ䚸బ㔝ຓᡭ䛻䜘䛳䛶᫂☜䛻ᣦᑟᙺ๭ศ ᢸ䛜䛥䜜䛶䛔䜛䚹2䠅㐨ල䠄፹௓䛩䜛ேᕤ≀䠅䠗ほᐹ 䛥䜜䛯≀⌮⌧㇟䛾ᮏ㉁䜢ᤊ䛘䜛䚸◊✲ᛮ᝿ఏ㐩䚸 അ↛䜢ά䛛䛩䛯䜑䛾ྛ᪉ἲㄽ䛾㛤Ⓨ䚹3䠅ᑐ㇟䛸⤖ ᯝ䠗⊂๰ⓗ䛺◊✲䜢⾜䛖䛯䜑䛻᭱ඛ➃䛾ほ ⿦⨨ 䛸ヨᩱ䛾㛤Ⓨ䜢⥅⥆ⓗ䛻⾜䛖䚹4䠅䛂ศᴗ䠗ᰂ㌾䛷⮬ ᚊⓗ䛺◊✲䝏䞊䝮䛾ᵓ⠏䛃䚸5)ඹྠయ䠄䝁䝭䝳䝙䝔䜱䠅䠗♫఍䝛䝑䝖䝽䞊䜽䛻఩⨨䛵䛡䜙䜜䛯௚⤌⧊䛸䛾 ඹྠ◊✲䜢⥅⥆䛧䛶⾜䛖䚹6)䝹䞊䝹䠗◊✲ᐊෆ䛾 ᫂☜䛺ᙺ๭ศᢸ䛻ᇶ䛵䛟༠ྠ䛸䜸䞊䝥䞁䛺䝁䝭䝳䝙

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䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢⾜䛖䚹୍᪉䚸ືⓗ䝰䝕䝹䛾ᣑᙇⓗ⛣⾜䛾䝃䜲䜽䝹䛿ୗグ䛾䜘䛖䛻䛺䜛䚹1䠅ྜ⌮ⓗ䛷㆟ㄽ䜢 ᡓ䜟䛫䜛◊✲ᐊ䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䜢㋃く䛧䛯䛜䚸Ỉ㇂ᩍ ᤵ䛸Ꮫ⏕䛾㛫䛻䛒䜛䛂஫䛔䛜ຊ䛪䛟䛷㉸䛘䜘䛖䛸ᛮ 䛳䛶䜒䚸䛺䛛䛺䛛㉺䛘䜛䛣䛸䛾㞴䛧䛔ឤᛶ䛾ቨ䛃䠄Ỉ ㇂㻌 2005, p.181䠅䛜Ꮡᅾ䛩䜛䚹2䠅ඃ䛧䛥䛸㐺ᗘ䛺ཝ 䛧䛥䜢୧❧䛥䛫䛯㞺ᅖẼస䜚䛾䝰䝕䝹໬䚹3䠅⮬ᚊ ⓗ䛺◊✲䝏䞊䝮䛸◊✲ᐊෆእ䛾༠ྠయไ䛾☜❧䚹 4䠅⊂❧⾜ᨻἲே⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡᣺⯆ᶵᵓ䛾ᡓ␎ⓗ๰㐀 ◊✲᥎㐍஦ᴗ䠄CREST䠅䛾᥇ᢥ䛻䜘䜚◊✲䝟䝣䜷䞊䝬䞁䝇䛾᭦䛺䜛ྥୖ䛜ồ䜑䜙䜜䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸ᐇ㦂タഛ䛾ศᩓ䚸Ỉ㇂ᩍᤵ䛾Ꮫෆ⾜ᨻ䛾ᙺ๭ቑ኱䚸 ◊✲ᐊ䝯䞁䝞䞊䛾ቑຍ䚸3 ே䛾␃Ꮫ⏕ཷධ䜜➼䛻䜘䜚⌧ሙ䛾ᢕᥱ䛜ᅔ㞴䛻䛺䜛䚹5䠅᪂䛧䛔άື䝰䝕䝹䛾ᶍ⣴䚹 5䠊⪃ᐹ ᣑᙇⓗ⛣⾜䛾䝃䜲䜽䝹䛻ἢ䛳䛶Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ 䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖᪉㔪䛾ኚ㑄䜢ゎ㔘䛩䜛䛸䚸Ỉ㇂◊✲ ᐊ䛿➨୍ẁ㝵䛾ⴱ⸨䜢஌䜚㉺䛘䛶䚸䛂䜰䝑䝖䝩䞊䝮䛰䛜⥭ᙇឤ䛾䛒䜛㞺ᅖẼ䛵䛟䜚䛃䛸䛔䛖άື䝰䝕䝹䛸䛭䜜䜢ᨭ䛘䜛᪉ἲㄽ䠄㐨ල䠅䜢స䜚䚸䛭䛾ᐇ㊶䜢⾜䛳䛶䛔䜛ẁ㝵䛻䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜙䜜䜛䚹䛭䛾⤖ᯝ䛸䛧䛶䚸Engeström䠄1987䠅䛜♧䛧䛯₻⏣◊✲ᐊ䛻≉ᚩ ⓗ䛺䛂ྜ⌮໬䛥䜜䛯䛃⛉Ꮫⓗᐇ㊶䛸Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䛷 ᪂䛯䛻ຍ䜟䛳䛯䛂ே㛫໬䛥䜜䛯䛃⛉Ꮫⓗᐇ㊶䛜⤫ ྜ䛥䜜䛯≧ែ䛻䛒䜛䛸ゝ䛘䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛰䜝䛖䛛䚹 ᮶䜛䜉䛝➨஧䛾ኚ໬䜢஌䜚㉺䛘䚸◊✲ᐊእ䛸䛾㐃 ᦠ䛾⠊ᅖ䜢᭦䛻ᣑ䛢䜛䛸䛸䜒䛻䚸⮫ᶵᛂኚ䛺◊✲ ᐊෆศᴗయไ䜢ᵓ⠏䛧䛶䛔䛟䛣䛸䛜䚸Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ 䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖䛾௒ᚋ䛾ㄢ㢟䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜛䚹㻌㻌 ୖグ䛾⪃ᐹ䛷䛿䚸Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䛜ᣢ⥆ⓗ䛻䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢ᘬ䛝㉳䛣䛧䛶䛔䛟䛯䜑䛾せ௳䛸䛧䛶䚸ᩍ ဨ䛸◊✲⌧ሙ䛾㊥㞳䛜㠀ᖖ䛻㏆䛔䛣䛸䛜ᣲ䛢䜙䜜䜛䚹୍᪉䛷䚸䛭䛾ᙉ䜏䛜䛂➨஧䛾▩┪䛃䛾Ⓨ⏕䛻䜘䜚ᙅ䜎䛳䛶䛝䛶䛚䜚䚸᪩ᛴ䛻ᑐᛂ⟇䛜ᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䛣䛸䛜♧၀䛥䜜䛯䚹䛣䜜䜙䛾▱ぢ䛛䜙䚸௒ᚋỈ㇂◊✲ ᐊ䛜┠ᣦ䛩䜉䛝᪂䛧䛔άື䝰䝕䝹䜢䛂⛉Ꮫⓗάື 䜢㏻䛨䛶ᩍဨ䛾Ꮡᅾ䛜ᐇ㦂⌧ሙ䛻㐢ᅾ䛩䜛㞺ᅖ Ẽ䛵䛟䜚䛃䛸ᐃ⩏䛩䜛䚹䛭䜜䛸ྠ᫬䛻⮫ᶵᛂኚ䛺◊ ✲䝏䞊䝮༠ྠయไ䛾☜❧䛻㈨䛩䜛䜘䛖䛺◊✲ᐊᨭ ᥼⟇䛜௒ᚋᚲせ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜛䚹 6. ⤖ㄽ䛸௒ᚋ䛾ㄢ㢟 Ỉ㇂◊✲ᐊ䜢ᑐ㇟䛸䛧䛶䚸ᣢ⥆ⓗ䛻䜲䝜䝧䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢㉳䛣䛩䛯䜑䛾䝬䝛䝆䝯䞁䝖᪉㔪䛻䛴䛔䛶ㄪ ᰝ䞉ศᯒ䛧䛯⤖ᯝ䚸ே㛫ⓗ䛺䛛䜏䛸㐺ᗘ䛺ཝ䛧䛥䛜⤫ྜ䛥䜜䛯⮬⏤䞉ᖹ➼䞉ෑ㝤⪅⢭⚄䛻ᇶ䛵䛟⛉ Ꮫⓗᐇ㊶䛸䛭䜜䜢ᨭ䛘䜛◊✲⌧ሙ䛸ᩍဨ䛾㊥㞳䛾㏆䛥䚸䛥䜙䛻䚸✚ᴟⓗ䛺◊✲ᐊෆእ䛾㐃ᦠ䞉ඹྠ◊ ✲᥎㐍䛾 2 Ⅼ䛜䛭䜜䛻┦ᙜ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ศ䛛䛳䛯䚹䜎䛯䚸䛣䜜䜙䛾άື䜢ᙉ໬䛩䜛䛯䜑䛻᭷ຠ䛺ᨭ᥼⟇ 䛾᳨ウ䜢௒ᚋ⾜䛳䛶䛔䛟䚹 ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩䠖

Engeström,Y., (1987) Learning by expanding: An activity-theoretical approach to developmental research, Orienta-Konsultit. 䠄ᒣఫ຾ᘯ,ᯇୗ ె௦,ⓒྜⲡ⚞஧,ಖᆏ⿱Ꮚ,ᗉ஭Ⰻಙ,ᡭྲྀ⩏ ᏹ,㧗ᶫⓏヂ䛄ᣑᙇ䛻䜘䜛Ꮫ⩦䠖Ꮫ⩦⌮ㄽ䛛䜙䛾䜰䝥䝻䞊䝏䛅᪂᭙♫䚸1999䠅

Engeström, Y., (2001) Expansive Learning at Work: toward an activity theoretical reconceptualization, Journal of Education and Work, 14(1) , pp.133-156

Kuhn, T.S., (1996) The Structure of Scientific

Revolutions, third edition, Chicago, The

University of Chicago Press.

Ỉ㇂஬㑻䠄2005䠅䛂◊✲ဴᏛ䛾ᩍ⫱䛃⏤஭䝁䝻䜻䜴䝮⦅䛄◊✲ဴᏛ䛅JAIST Press, pp.175-223 Schumpeter, J.A., (1934) The Theory of Economic

Development: An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business Cycle, Cambridge, Harvard University Press.䠄ሷ㔝㇂ ♸୍, ᮾ⏿⢭୍, ୰ᒣఀ▱㑻ヂ䛄⤒῭Ⓨᒎ䛾 ⌮ㄽ䠉௻ᴗ⪅฼₶䞉㈨ᮏ䞉ಙ⏝䞉฼Ꮚ䛚䜘䜃ᬒ Ẽ䛾ᅇ㌿䛻㛵䛩䜛୍◊✲䛅ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ, 1977䠅 ᒣఫ຾ᘯ䠄2004䠅䛂άື⌮ㄽ䞉ᣑᙇⓗᏛ⩦䞉Ⓨ㐩ⓗ 䝽䞊䜽䝸䝃䞊䝏䛃㉥ᑿ຾ᕫ⦅䛄⏕ᾭᏛ⩦⌮ㄽ䜢 Ꮫ䜆ே䛾䛯䜑䛻䛅ୡ⏺ᛮ᝿♫䠈pp.195-226

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Success of Life Based on Motivation Behavior: Case Study between

Japanese students and Asian students at JAIST

Kitsakorn Locharoenrat and Goro Mizutani

School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST) 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292 JAPAN

This paper describes the individual’s motivation between Japanese students and foreign students at JAIST. We have found that foreign students who have high motivation tend to read newspaper. As compared to Master students, doctoral students learn the value and importance of newspaper regardless of motivation to success, which helps ensure that they will be better prepared to participate in their society as adults.

I. Introduction

Focus on the independent and

interdependent selves has the potential to

provide a means of integrating research

on success motivation. Independent

view is exemplified in some sizable

segment of American cultures, and in

many Western European cultures.

When thinking about themselves,

individuals with highly developed

independent self will have as referent

their own abilities, attributes,

characteristics, or goals rather than

referring to the thoughts, feelings, or

actions of others. On the other hand,

Interdependent view is exemplified in

Japanese cultures and in other Asian

cultures. In the view of Interdependent

self, people are motivated to find a way

to fit in with relevant others, to fulfill and

create obligation, and to become part of

various interpersonal relationships.

Relationships, rather than being means

for realizing various individual goals,

will often be ends in and of themselves.

Although people must maintain some

relatedness with others, an appreciation

and a need for people will be important

for them. Maintaining a connection to

others will mean being constantly aware

of others and focusing on their goals.

Hence, people may actively work to

fulfill the others’ goal while passively

monitoring the reciprocal contributions

from these others for one’ own goal

fulfillment

[1]

.

Our previous study has shown

that Japanese students preferred Internet

to newspaper to get information. A

highly motivated person pay attention to

hints (via media) that he/she expects to be

useful in the attainment of his/her

information. Then, there will be a

relation between media and success

motivation. We outline here how the

divergent view of self – independent and

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interdependent – has a systematic

influence on success motivation. One

general consequence of this divergence is

that when psychological process,

motivation, explicitly, or even quite

implicitly, involve the self as a target, the

nature of motivation will vary according

to the exact form or organization of self

inherent in a given scale. This study is

designed to help students recognize how

media is important to them, and helps

them to recognize whether the things they

do help towards achieving long-term

goals. In addition, it encourages

students to take control of their own goal

for their own motivation. Studies the

self-concept is also discussed as an

important role in success motivation.

II. Methodology

To address the above-mentioned

theoretical issues, the closed

questionnaire sheets are developed to

measure the constellation of thoughts,

feeling, and actions composing

independent and interdependent self on

success motivation. Some questions in

are rewritten by Singelis to focus on the

individual’s self

[2]

. Questionnaire with

six main questions is prepared in English

version. Questions 1-3 ask about the

media preferable. Questions 4-5 ask

respondents to provide explanations in

regard to the choices they made in

Question 1-3. Question 6 asks about the

success motivation scale that will be

related to the self-scale. Sample

consists of Master students, Doctoral

students, and Research students from

JAIST from three schools; school of

information science, school of knowledge

science, and school of materials science

(N=89, mean age=27). Eighty percent

are male and twenty percent are female.

Asian nationalities of samples are

Japanese (62%), China (19%), Indonesia

(2%), Thailand (2%), Vietnam (8%), and

others (7%).

III. Results

Thirty three percent Japanese

students read newspaper via Nikkei Net

and Nihon Keizai Shimbun. Still, Internet

has created a highly competitive media

environment with newspapers. Sixty

seven percent Japanese students use

Internet as a resourceful for finding

information because anyone with a

computer and a modem can obtain an

account with an Internet service provider

to check e-mail on a daily basis, and

provide information freely with a broad

outlook to the world at the speed of light

with the touch of a keypad. However,

we purpose that the freedom of the

Internet has some drawbacks. It has led to

serious concerns about the easy way to

access online as it occasionally provides

to pornography, and violence, the loss of

personal privacy. Online can spread

unregulated and immediately information.

As there is too much information on the

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Internet, students must decide what

information they need and what they do

not need. Quality of the information can

also be misleading. Students must be

taught how to distinguish between quality

and unimportant information. Even

though newspapers are able to control the

printed material that students can access,

it is difficult with the Internet due to the

large amount of information that exists

and lack of well organization in context.

Sixty five percent foreign

students read newspapers mostly via

Japan Times Online and paper-based

Japan Times. Newspaper is regarded as

an authentic source for teaching concepts

and skills in various types of content

from current events to sports, and making

connections between schoolwork and the

real world. Critical thinking skills; the

ability to analyze, evaluate and apply

information, are well organized in context

when newspaper are used as a principal

source materials: for instance, how to

separate fact from opinion and the crucial

role that a free press plays in their

nation's well-being. Daily newspaper is

also an influential and integral part of

society when they talk with people on

some topics and it helps them became

more conscientious and better able to

practice democratic ideas.

Regarding the self-scale, we

have found that foreign students tend to

show a well-developed interdependent

self as in agreement with the theory of

Asian’s Interdependent self. For

Japanese, as those young generation

stands between the intellectual traditions

of West and East, they tend to show

independent self to new Western’s

cultural environment. However, there is

not significantly difference in self-scale

from Japanese students and foreign

students.

For motivation scale, foreign

students (85%) show high achievement

motivation as compared to that of

Japanese students (70%). Finding the

motivation techniques to target in their

life, developing a vision, and becoming

highly motivated lead them towards a

successful and exciting life. Fear of

failure is another common factor among

those who procrastinate but it challenges

them to take risks and teaches them to

keep trying until they get it right, and no

one ever became successful without

failures. However, we have noticed that

over half of Japanese students and foreign

students tend to regard themselves as no

success. They have many small goals to

reach before they get to the final results,

but high achievers also need time to

develop a need to make their dreams to a

reality (success).

IV. Discussion

Newspaper is considered one of

a “motivation” medium containing

something to interest student from local

news to sports. Foreign students who

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have high motivation read newspaper to

obtain information. They can get

hands-on experience using newspaper for

life skills. It motivates them to develop

reading, speaking and critical thinking

skills. It deals in reality, bridging the

gap between the classroom (textbooks)

and the real world.

Motivation is also related to the

time to the age, the age is the one factor

affecting students' motivation to read the

newspaper. Master students read

newspapers with less regularity than

Doctoral students. Age is important in

understanding media. Survey in United

States has shown that 69% of 35-54

year-olds and 73% of those 55 and older

use the newspaper most often to check

news, compared with 55% of 25-34

year-olds. Therefore, not surprising is

the fact that the youngest group is the

most likely to use the newspaper to learn

news less than the older

[3]

. The Pew

Research Center also have shown that

14% of 18-29 year-olds college-educated

Americans reading the newspaper, and

spent only 9min doing so. In contrast,

28% of those 30-49 read the newspaper,

spending more time reading newspapers

in an average of 33 min on the task

[4].

Therefore, it is true that older

demographic groups make more loyal

newspaper readers than younger groups.

V. Conclusion

We have found the correlation

between medias and success motivation.

Foreign students show high success

motivation and they read newspaper to

get information. Newspapers are the

real-life references, and the living

textbooks for learning. Reading

newspaper makes them discover exciting

information about current events, science,

social studies and much more.

Motivation is also related to the time to

the age, Doctoral students who have high

success motivation tend to read

newspaper. On the other hand

interdependent- and independent-self has

no relation with the motivation.

References

[1] H. R. Markus and S. Kitayama,

Psychological Review, 98 (1991) 224.

[2] T. M. Singelis, Personality and Social

Psychological Bulletin, Manuscript to be

submitted for publication.

[3] M. Shortman, Extra, Extra: Young

Americans Read Newspaper Ads,

American Demographics, 2002.

[4] The Pew Research Center for the

People and the Press, Internet News Take

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Ꮫ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥάືࡢᮏᖺᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐇ⦼࡜ᒎᮃ

㧗ᮌ㔛ᐇ ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ ࢔ࣈࢫࢺࣛࢡࢺ ㏆ᖺࠊ◊✲⪅ࡀ⮬ࡽࡢ◊✲ࢆ␗ศ㔝ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡸ♫఍࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࠊ␗࡞ࡿどⅬࢆ◊✲࡟ྲྀࡾ㎸ධࢀࡿࡇ࡜ ࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ♫఍⫼ᬒࡢ୰࡛ࠊࠕ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ 21 ୡ⣖㹁㹍㹃ࣉࣟࢢ࣒̺ࣛ ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ᝿ീ࡜ᐇ㊶̺࡛ࠖࡣࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࢆࡣࡌࡵ࡜ࡍࡿᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥάືࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ ࡁࡓࠋᮏ✏࡛ࡣᮏᖺᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿάືᐇ⦼࡜ࠊ௒ᚋࡢᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥάືࡢᒎᮃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿࠋ ࡣࡌࡵ࡟ ㏆ᖺࠊಶேࡢ౯್ほࡸே㛫㛵ಀࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡀከᵝ໬ࡋࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ ࡢⓎᒎࡀ⏕ά࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ㛵ಀ࠿ࡽࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡜♫఍ࡀ┦஫࡟ ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ྜ࠺ࠊ཮᪉ྥⓗ࡞㛵ಀࡀᚲせ࡜ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓ ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢ㧗ᗘ࡞Ⓨ㐩࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ꮫၥศ㔝ࡢ⣽ศ໬࣭ᑓ㛛໬ࡀ㐍ࢇ ࡔࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡾࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡟ᦠࢃࡿᑓ㛛ᐙ࡛ࡉ࠼ࡶࡑࡢ඲యീࢆᢕ ᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㞴ࡋࡃ࡞ࡾࠊศ㔝ᶓ᩿ⓗ࣭Ꮫ㝿ⓗ◊✲ࡢᚲせᛶࡀㄆ ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ≧ἣࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࡣ≉࡟⛉Ꮫᢏ ⾡࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡿ◊✲⪅ྠኈ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ◊✲⪅࡜♫఍ࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ᪉ࢆ ၥ࠸┤ࡋࠊ◊✲⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚␗࡞ࡿᑓ㛛ࡢ◊✲⪅ࡸࠊ◊✲ᡂᯝࢆ♫ ఍࡬ఏ࠼ࡿ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάືࡢ㔜せᛶࢆᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓ♫఍⫼ᬒࢆཷࡅ࡚ࠊ➹⪅ࡽࡣࠕ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ 㝔኱Ꮫ 21ୡ⣖COEࣉࣟࢢ࣒̺ࣛ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ๰㐀࡜ᐇ㊶ ̺ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࠊ␗࡞ࡿᑓ㛛ᛶࡸどⅬࢆᣢࡘேࠎࡢᑐヰࡢሙࢆ኱Ꮫ 㝔࠿ࡽᆅᇦ࡟ᥦ౪ࡋࠊྠ᫬࡟◊✲ᡂᯝࢆᆅᇦ♫఍࡬ఏ࠼ࡿ஦ࢆ┠ ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࠕᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢヨࡳࠖࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋᮏ ✏࡛ࡣࡇ࠺ࡋࡓάືࡢ࡞࠿࡛ࡶࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖࢆ୰ᚰ ࡟ྲྀࡾୖࡆࠊᮏᖺᗘ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢヨࡳ࡜ࠊ ௒ᚋࡢᒎᮃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㏙࡭ࡿࠋ 2.ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ ➹⪅ࡽࡀ⾜ࡗࡓᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢヨࡳࡢ୍⎔࡛࠶ࡿ ࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖ࡜ࡣࠊ኱Ꮫࡸ◊✲ᶵ㛵ࠊ◊✲⪅ಶேࠊᆅᇦ ⾜ᨻࡸ㹌㹎㹍࡞࡝ࡀ୺ദࡍࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ᙧࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࡛࢘࠶ࡿࠋከ ࡃࡢࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡣ୺࡟⛉Ꮫࡸ⎔ቃࠊඛ➃ⓗ࡞◊✲࡟㛵 ࡍࡿࢸ࣮࣐ࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࠊᩘ༑ศࡢㅮ⩏࡜ᩘ༑ศࡢ㆟ㄽࡸ㉁␲ᛂ⟅ ࡢ᫬㛫ࢆ࡜ࡿࠋ㆟ㄽࡸ㉁␲ᛂ⟅࡛ࡣࠊᙜヱࢸ࣮࣐ࡢᑓ㛛ᐙ࡜㠀ᑓ 㛛ᐙ࡛࠶ࡿཧຍ⪅ࡀ㣧ࡳ≀ࢆ㣧ࡳ࡞ࡀࡽࠊẼ㍍࡟㆟ㄽࢆ஺ࢃࡍሙ ᡤࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ஦ࡀ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㆟ㄽࢆㄏⓎࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ ࣮ࢱ࣮ࡸ┒ࡾୖࡆᙺࢆ㓄ࡍࡇ࡜ࡶከ࠸ࠋࠕࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࢩ࣏ࣥ ࢪ࣒࢘࡟ࡣࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖ௨እ࡟ࡶࠊࠕ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢩ࢔ࣥࢸ ࢕ࣇ࢕࣮ࢡࠖࡸࠕ⛉Ꮫᗙㄯ఍ࠖ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞࿧⛠ࡀ࠶ࡿࡀࠊᮏ✏࡛ ࡣ⤫୍ࡋ࡚ࡇࢀࡽࡢࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖ࡜⛠ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡣ⛉Ꮫࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ୍ᡭ ἲ࡜ࡋ࡚╔┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࢀ௨እ࡟ࡶ◊✲⪅୍࣭⯡ཧຍ⪅࡬ ࡢၨⓎࡸࠊ◊✲࣭ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ࡢᗈሗࠊ⏘Ꮫᐁ㐃ᦠࡢ❆ཱྀ࡞࡝」ᩘࡢ ┠ⓗࢆᢸ࠺஦౛ࡶከࡃከᵝ࡞ᙧែࢆ࡜ࡗ࡚㐠Ⴀࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡢ࣮ࣝࢶࡣᖺ௦ࡢ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡟ጞࡲ ࡿ࡜࠸ࢃࢀࡿࠋࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡛ࡣ⛉ᏛࡸဴᏛ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⮬ ࡽࡢᑓ㛛ᛶ࡟࠿࠿ࢃࡽࡎ⮬⏤࡟㆟ㄽࢆࡍࡿ⩦័ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࢀ ࢆ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚㐠Ⴀࡋࠊᚋ࡟᭷ྡ࡞άື࡜࡞ࡿࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡗ ࡓࡢࡀࢸࣞࣅ␒⤌ࣉࣟࢹ࣮ࣗࢧ࣮ࠊࢲࣥ࢝ࣥẶࡽࡀጞࡵࡓ࢖ࢠࣜ ࢫࡢࠕ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢩ࢔ࣥࢸ࢕ࣇ࢕࣮ࢡ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋ%6(ၥ㢟࡞࡝ࢆྲྀ ࡾᢅ࠸ࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆ♫఍࡟ၥ࠺ࡓࡇࡢάືࡣࢭࣝㄅ࡞࡝ ࡟⤂௓ࡉࢀࠊ◊✲⪅࠿ࡽ⛉Ꮫࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ୍ᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ ╔┠ࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࡢάືࡣ୰ᮧࡽ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡶࠗᖹᡂᖺᗘ⛉ Ꮫᢏ⾡ⓑ᭩࠘࡟ሗ࿌ࡉࢀࠊ᪥ᮏ࡟ࡶఏ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡣඛ࡟㏙࡭ࡓࠗᖹᡂᖺᗘ ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ⓑ᭩࠘ෆࡢࢥ࣒ࣛ࠾ࡼࡧࠊᖹᡂᖺᗘࡢ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡᣺⯆ᶵ ᵓ୺ദ࡟ࡼࡿ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡㐌㛫࣭඲ᅜ⟠ᡤ㛤ദࡢࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ ࡞࡝ࡀࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜࡞ࡾࠊᖹᡂᖺ๓ᚋࡼࡾྛᆅ࡛ᩘࠎࡢࠕࢧ࢖࢚ ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡀ㛤ദࡉࢀࠊ⌧ᅾ࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ㄆ▱ᗘࢆࡲࡋ࡚᮶ࡓࠋ ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ ࢩ࣮ࣗࣥ࣌ࢱ࣮࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡣࠕ㈨※ࡲࡓࡣ⏕⏘ せ⣲ࡢ᪂⤖ྜ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡾࠊⓎ᫂ࡸⓎぢࡣࡑࡢ୰ࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ᪤Ꮡ ࡢ㈨※࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࡑࡢ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥࡀ๰ ฟࡉࢀࡿ࡜ࡉࢀࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡇ࡜࡜➹⪅ࡽࡢάືࡢ࠿࠿ࢃࡾ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ⏕࿨་⒪ࡢ◊✲ ⪅࡛࠶ࡾࠊࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢㅮᖌࢆົࡵࡿ㝞ࡣࠊᚋ㏙ࡍࡿ➹⪅ ࡢ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ࡟⟅࠼࡚ࠊࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙࡛⮬ศࡢ◊✲ࢆㅮ⩏ ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢⓎᒎ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚㛤Ⓨࡉࢀࡓၟရࢆᐇ㝿࡟౑

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⏝ࡍࡿ❧ሙࡢேࠎ࡜┤᥋㆟ㄽࡀฟ᮶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ᪂ࡋ࠸Ⓨぢࡸ⮬㌟ࡢ ◊✲ࡀ᪂ၟရ㛤Ⓨ࡟ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ㈗㔜࡞ពぢࢆᚓࡽࢀࡿሙᡤ࡛࠶ࡿ ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢⰍᙬࡀᙉ࠸ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡣ ࢖ࣀ࣮࣋ࢩࣙࣥ࡟┤᥋ᐤ୚ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᑡ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ ࡋࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡀᥦ౪ࡍࡿࠕ␗࡞ࡿどⅬࢆᣢࡘேࠎࡀ㆟ㄽࡍ ࡿሙࠖࡣ◊✲⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᪂ࡋ࠸Ⓨぢࡸ◊✲࡟⧅ࡀࡿ㔜せ࡞♧၀ࢆ ᚓࡿሙ࡟࡞ࡾ࠺ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ 4㸬Ꮫ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢヨࡳ ➹⪅ࡽࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛Ꮫ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢヨࡳࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ ࡚ࠊὸ㔝ࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓᏛෆྥࡅࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠕᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ ࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࢆ⤒࡚ࠊᖹᡂ16ᖺᗘࡼࡾ୕ᗘ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚Ꮫእ ࢆࡶᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖࢆᐇ᪋ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࠕᏛ 㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡣ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࡟ ࠾ࡅࡿ୕◊✲⛉ࡢᏛ⏕ࡀࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ▱㆑ࢆᣢࡕᐤࡾᑐ➼࡞❧ሙ ࡛㆟ㄽࡋࠊ▱㆑஺ὶࢆ⾜࠺஦ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࡣࡇࢀࢆᏛእ࡬ᗈࡆ୕◊✲⛉ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊእ㒊ㅮᖌࡢ▱ࠊ ᆅᇦఫẸࡢ▱ࠊ௚ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ࡢ▱ࢆྲྀࡾ㎸ࡴ஦ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ 㻌䠄ᅗ䠍䠅㻌䝃䜲䜶䞁䝇䜹䝣䜵▼ᕝ䛻䛚䛡䜛▱㆑஺ὶ㻌 ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗ ࡋ࠿ࡋᮏᖺᗘࠊࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖࡢάືࢆぢ┤ࡋ࡚┠ ⓗࡸ⌮ᛕࢆタᐃࡋࠊ㐠Ⴀࡢ▱ぢࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ≉㛗ⓗ࡞㐠Ⴀࢆࡍ ࡿࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㛤ദᅇᩘࡀከ࠸ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ ࡟ཧຍࡋࠊㅮᖌࡸ୺ദ⪅࡟࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋㄪᰝᑐ㇟ඛࡣ ࠕᮾ໭኱Ꮫࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࠕⲈᇛ┴ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙㸦⛉Ꮫ ᗙㄯ఍㸧ࠖࠕ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢩ࢔ࣥࢸ࢕ࣇ࢕࣮ࢡᮾிࠖࡢ୕⟠ᡤ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࠕᮾ໭኱Ꮫࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡣᮾ໭኱Ꮫ⌮Ꮫ㒊ᩍᤵ࡛࠶ࡿ⚟ すࡽࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࠊ௝ྎ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࢸ࣮ࢡࢆ఍ሙ࡜ࡋ࡚ே௨ୖࡢཧ ຍ⪅ࢆ㞟ࡵࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ ᅇ㸦ᖹᡂᖺ᭶⌧ᅾ㸧ࡢ㛤ദṔࢆ ࡶࡘ኱つᶍ࡞ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⚟すࡣ࢖ࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺࡸ ᆅඖࢣ࣮ࣈࣝࢸࣞࣅࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࢆ఍ሙእ࡬ࡶබ 㛤ࡋࠊྠ᫬࡟ᦠᖏ➃ᮎ࠿ࡽ㉁ၥࢆཷࡅ௜ࡅࡿࡇ࡜࡛཮᪉ྥࡢࢥ࣑ ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆᗈ⠊ᅖ࡟ᣑ኱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ≉ᚩⓗ࡞ࡢࡣ◊ ✲ᡂᯝࡢ࢔࢘ࢺ࣮ࣜࢳάືࡸ◊✲ࡢࣄࣥࢺࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵࡔࡅ࡛࡞ ࡃࠊࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙࡟኱Ꮫᗈሗ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᙺ๭ࡶᢸࢃࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ ࡜࡜ࠊᆅᇦࡢ࡯࠿ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࣭௻ᴗ࡜ࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᗈࡆࡿࡓࡵ ࡢᡭẁ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶά⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ⚟すࡽࡣᮾ໭኱Ꮫࢧ࢖࢚ ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢ኱つᶍ࡞㛤ദ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ୺࡟௝ྎࢆ୰ᚰ࡜ࡋࡓ◊ ✲࣭ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࡟ࡼࡿᆅᇦෆࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆάᛶ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せࡔ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕⲈᇛ┴ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙㸦⛉Ꮫᗙㄯ఍㸧ࠖࡣⲈᇛ┴ࡀ᭶ࡈ࡜ ࡟┴ෆࡢᕷࢆᅇࡾᕷෆࡢබẸ㤋࡞࡝࡟఍ሙࢆ೉ࡾ࡚㛤ദࡍࡿࢧ ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙࡛ࠊཧຍ⪅ࡣ㆟ㄽࢆ㔜どࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ே㹼ே⛬ ᗘࠊⲈᇛ┴࣭㛤ദணᐃᕷ࣭Ⲉᇛ┴⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡᣺⯆㈈ᅋ࣭ࡘࡃࡤࢧ࢖ ࢚ࣥࢫ࣭࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮➼ࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡗ࡚⾜ࢃࢀࡿ஦ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿࠋㅮᖌ ࡢ㑅ᐃ࡞࡝ࡢ௻⏬࣭ᙜ᪥ࡢྖ఍ࢆᢸᙜࡍࡿⲈᇛ┴௻⏬ㄢಀ㛗ఀబ 㛫࡟ࡼࡿ࡜ࠊⲈᇛ┴ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢ≉➹ࡍ࡭ࡁⅬࡣࠊ⏕ᾭᩍ ⫱ࡸཧຍ⪅ྠኈࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡶ㔜せࡔࡀࠊ⟃Ἴࡢ◊✲ᡂ ᯝࢆ࠸ࡎࢀᆅᇦ࡟⏘ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚᰿௜࠿ࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢ⏘Ꮫᐁ㐃ᦠࡢࡓ ࡵࡢᕸ▼࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿࠋఀబ㛫ࡽ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜Ⲉᇛ ┴ෆࠊ୺࡟⟃Ἴ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ◊✲ᡂᯝ࡟ࡣ⏕࿨་⒪ࡸཎᏊຊⓎ㟁࡟㛵 ࡍࡿ◊✲࡞࡝ࡶከࡃࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ◊✲ᡂᯝࡀᆅᇦࡢ⏘ᴗ࡜ࡋ࡚೺඲ ࡟Ⓨ㐩ࡍࡿ࡟ࡣఫẸࡢ⌮ゎࡸ㛵ᚰࡀ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡣࡲࡎ┦ ஫ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᡂࡾ❧ࡘࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊ࠸ࡎࢀࡣఫẸ⮬ࡽࡀࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࣭࢔࢝ࢹ࣑࣮࡬ぢᏛ࡟ ⾜ࡃ࡞࡝㢖⦾࡟◊✲⪅࡜ᕷẸࡀ஺ὶࢆᣢࡘࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࡯ࡋ࠸ࠊ ࡑࡢࡓࡵࡢධࡾཱྀ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊࡲࡎⲈᇛ┴ࡢ୺ᑟ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ ࢝ࣇ࢙⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀᚲせࡔ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࠕ࢝ࣇ࢙࣭ࢩ࢔ࣥࢸ࢕ࣇ࢕࣮ࢡᮾிࠖࡣ๓㏙ࡋࡓ࢖ࢠࣜࢫࡢࠕ࢝ ࣇ࢙࣭ࢩ࢔ࣥࢸ࢕ࣇ࢕࣮ࢡࠖࢆᐇ㝿࡟ྲྀᮦࡋࠊࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ ࢆ⛉Ꮫࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ୍ᡭἲ࡜ࡋ࡚ࠗᖹᡂᖺᗘ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ ⓑ᭩࠘࡟⤂௓ࡋࡓ୰ᮧࡽࡢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡀ㸦஦ᴗࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚࡛ࡣ࡞ ࡃ㸧ಶே࡛Ⴀࡴࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙࡛ࠊᮾி࡛Ⴀᴗ୰ࡢ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢ ୍ゅࢆ఍ሙ࡟೉ࡾࠊཧຍ⪅ࡣ㆟ㄽࡀࡋࡸࡍ࠸ே⛬ᗘ࡟⤠ࡿᙧែ ࡛ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ᅇ࡯࡝㛤ദࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ᖹᡂᖺᗘ᭶⌧ᅾ㸧ࠋ୰ᮧ

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ࡽࡣࠊ኱Ꮫࡸ௻ᴗࡢᗈሗࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⏘Ꮫᐁ㐃ᦠ࡞࡝ࡢ┠ⓗࢆᣢࡗ ࡚⾜࠺ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࢆㄆࡵࡿ୍᪉࡛ࠊᏛၥ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⣧⢋࡞㆟ ㄽࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࢆ㐠Ⴀࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ 㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋṦ࡟࢔ࢪ࢔ᅪࡢேࠎࡣᑓ㛛ᐙ࡟ᩗពࢆ ᡶ࠺ഴྥࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᑐ➼࡞㆟ㄽࢆࡍࡿᶵ఍ࡀᑡ ࡞࠸ࡀࠊ౛࠼ࡤࢫ࣏࣮ࢶࡢヰ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿᵝ࡟⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢ Ⓨᒎ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ⮬⏤࡟㆟ㄽࡍࡿᩥ໬ࢆ᪥ᮏ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ᰿௜࠿ࡏ ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ௒ᚋࡢ♫఍࡜⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡟ࡣ୙ྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ࢝ ࣇ࢙࣭ࢩ࢔ࣥࢸ࢕ࣇ࢕࣮ࢡᮾிࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿᑡேᩘไࡸ㐠Ⴀ୰ࡢ ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢࡍ࡭࡚࡛࡞ࡃ୍ゅࢆ೉ࡾࡿ࡞࡝ࡢ㓄៖ࡶࡑࡢࡓࡵ࡛࠶ ࡿࠋ ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝ ࢖ࣥࢱࣅ࣮࡛ࣗᚓࡓ▱ぢࢆඖ࡟ࠊ➹⪅ࡽࡣࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ ▼ᕝࠖࡢࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺཬࡧ㐠Ⴀ᪉ἲ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ࣑࣮ࢸ࢕ࣥࢢࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ ௨㝆ࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖࡣ᫂☜࡞⌮ᛕ࡜┠ⓗࢆࡶࡗ࡚㐠Ⴀ ࡍࡿᏛ⏕୺యࡢάື࡜ࡋ࡚఩⨨࡙ࡅࡽࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ࡜ࡁỴᐃࡋࡓᇶ ᮏ⌮ᛕࡣࠕ୍⯡ᕷẸ࡜ᑓ㛛ᐙࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟㔜Ⅼࢆ⨨࠸ ࡓࠊ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢṇࡋ࠸࠶ࡾ᪉ࡸᏛ⾡ⓗ࡞ࢺࣆࢵࢡ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ᑐヰࡢ ሙࢆ๰㐀ࡍࡿᏛ⏕୺యࡢάື࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࡢάືࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᑓ㛛ᐙࡢ ▱ぢࡸ኱Ꮫࡢ◊✲࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡽࢀࡓᡂᯝࢆⓎ⾲ࡋࠊᆅᇦࡢኌࢆ◊ ✲࡟ࣇ࢕࣮ࢻࣂࢵࢡࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠊ୧⪅ࡢ┦஫஺ὶ࣭┦஫⌮ゎࢆ┠ ᣦࡍ࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢ⌮ᛕ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠕ➨ᅄᅇࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ ᕝࠖࠊ࠾ࡼࡧࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ᙧᘧࡢࠕᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ ㄽ≉ูㅮ⩏ࠖࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓࠋ௨ୗ࡟ࡑࡢᴫせࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ࠕ➨ᅄᅇ-ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖ ᪥᫬ ᖹᡂᖺᖺ᭶᪥࣭᪥ ఍ሙ ▼ᕝ┴❧኱Ꮫ 㸦➨஧ᅇ㡪⥳⚍ෆ㸧 ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸦㸧ࠕ໭㝣ࡢẼ㇟㸫ኳẼணሗ࡝࠺౑࠺㸽㸫ࠖ ㅮ₇⪅ ᖹᯇ❶⏨ 㸦Ẽ㇟ணሗኈ ࣭໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉㸧 ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ㸦㸧ࠕᆅᇦ෌⏕ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ 㸫࡟ࡂࢃ࠸࡜ࡣఱ࠿㸽㸫ࠖ ㅮ₇⪅ ༓ཎ࠿ࡸ஀ 㸦▼ᕝ┴ࡃࡽࡋ࡜⎔ቃࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ఍ࠊ ࣭໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉㸧 ཧຍ⪅ ୧᪥࠶ࢃࡏ࡚ྡ⛬ᗘ ➨ᅄᅇࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࡣࠊ▼ᕝ┴❧኱ᏛࡢᏛᅬ⚍࡛࠶ࡿ 㡪⥳⚍࡟ᶍᨃᗑ࡜ࡋ࡚ฟᒎࡍࡿᙧ࡛㛤ദࡉࢀࡓࠋ᫖ᖺᗘࡶྠᵝ࡟ Ꮫᅬ⚍࡬ฟᒎࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊ௻⏬ẁ㝵࠿ࡽఱᗘࡶᡴࡕྜࢃ ࡏ࡟▼ᕝ┴❧኱Ꮫࢆゼࢀࠊࢫࢱࢵࣇ࡜ࡢ㛫࡟㛵ಀࢆ⠏ࡅࡓࡇ࡜ࡀ ᙜ᪥ࡢཧຍ⪅⋓ᚓࡸࠊ㐠Ⴀୖࡢຓゝࢆᚓࡿ࠺࠼࡛㠀ᖖ࡟ᙺ࡟❧ࡗ ࡓࠋࣉࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫࡸ஦๓㏻▱ࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࡀࠊᙜ᪥࡟Ꮫᅬ⚍ࡢࢫࢸ ࣮ࢪ࡜ࢳࣛࢩ࡟ࡼࡿᐈᘬࡁ࡛㞟ᐈࢆ⾜࠸ࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢከࡃࢆࡇࡇ࡛ 㞟ࡵࡓࠋ୧᪥ඹ࡟ཧຍ⪅࡟ᜨࡲࢀࠊ㌟㏆࡞ヰ㢟ࢆ୰ᚰ࡟ࣇ࢓ࢩࣜ ࢸ࣮ࢱ࣮ࢆ௓ࡋ࡚άⓎ࡞㆟ㄽࡀ㉳ࡇࡍࡇ࡜ࡀฟ᮶ࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ➨ᅄ ᅇࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝ࡛ࡣࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺࢆ⾜࠸ࠊཧຍ⪅ࡢ㛵ಀ࡜ࡑࡢ㛵ಀ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ㄪᰝࡋࡓࠋ ௨ୗ࡟࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ⤖ᯝࢆ㏙࡭ࡿࠋ ە㸦ᩘᏐ㸧㸸ཧຍ⪅㸦㹇㹂␒ྕ㸧 ̿̿ 㸸ྡ๓ࢆᣦᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ▱ே㛵ಀ ڧ 㸸ఫᒃࡢ࠶ࡿᆅᇦ ۑ 㸸ཧຍ⪅ࡢᡤᒓ⤌⧊ 㸦ᅗ㸰㸧ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝཧຍ⪅ࡢ㛵ಀᅗ Ꮫ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥㄽ≉ูㅮ⩏ ➹⪅ࡽࡣࠊࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖ࡜ࡣู࡟ࠊࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ ࣇ࢙◊✲ࡢ➨୍ே⪅࡜࠸࠼ࡿ๓㏙ࡢ୰ᮧẶࢆᣍ࠸࡚ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ ࢝ࣇ࢙ᙧᘧࡢ≉ูㅮ⩏ࡶ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ௨ୗ࡟ࡑࡢᴫせࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ࠕᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥㄽ≉ูㅮ⩏ࠖ ᪥᫬ ᖹᡂᖺ᭶᪥

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఍ሙ ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࢸࣜ࢔ ࣉࣟࢢ࣒ࣛ ࠕ࢝ࣇ࢙࡛⛉Ꮫ㸽㸫ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢᣮᡓࠖ ㅮ₇⪅ ୰ᮧᚁᶞ 㸦ᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ㸧 ཧຍ⪅ ྡ⛬ᗘ ࠕᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥㄽ≉ูㅮ⩏ࠖࡣࠊ࣏ࢫࢱ࣮௨እࡢࣉ ࣞࢫ࣮ࣜࣜࢫ➼ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝⾜ࢃࡎࠊㅮ₇⪅࣭㛵ಀ⪅ࡢ▱ே࠿ࡽࡉ ࡽ࡟ࡑࡢ▱ே࡬࡜ཱྀࢥ࣑࡛㞟ᐈࢆᅗࡾࠊ⤖ᯝⓗ࡟Ꮫ఍ࡸ௚࢖࣋ࣥ ࢺࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⏘Ꮫ㐃ᦠࡸࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙࡟⯆࿡ࡢ࠶ࡿཧຍ⪅ࢆ 㞟ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࣇ࢓ࢩࣜࢸ࣮ࢱ࣮ࡣ౑⏝ࡋ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡶ ࡜ࡶ࡜┠ⓗព㆑ࢆᣢࡘཧຍ⪅ࡀከࡃࠊάⓎ࡞㆟ㄽࡢሙ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ ࡀฟ᮶ࡓࠋ 㸬㆟ㄽ ᮏ✏࡛ࡣࡇࡇࡲ࡛ࠊᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥάືࡢ୍⎔࡜ࡋ࡚ࠊ ࠾ࡶ࡟᪥ᮏ࡟࠾ࡅࡿࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࡢᴫせ࡜ࠊࠕ໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫ ᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ 21ୡ⣖COEࣉࣟࢢ࣒̺ࣛ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃ๰ 㐀࡜ᐇ㊶̺ࠖ࡟࠾ࡅࡿᐇ㊶ࢆ㏙࡭࡚ࡁࡓࠋ᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢᏛ㝿 ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥάືࡢㄪᰝ࣭㐠Ⴀ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ᚓࡓ⤖ㄽ࡜ࠊ௒ᚋ ࡢᒎᮃ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㆟ㄽࡍࡿࠋࡲࡎࠊ➹⪅ࡀᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ άືࡢㄪᰝࠊ㐠Ⴀࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᚓࡓ⤖ㄽࡣ௨ୗࡢ஧Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣭௻⏬ẁ㝵࠿ࡽࡢ⤌⧊ᶓ᩿ⓗ࡞㐃ᦠࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣭࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡢ┠ⓗ࡟ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊᰂ㌾࡞㐠Ⴀ᪉㔪ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ Ꮫ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢヨࡳࡣࠊ␗࡞ࡿศ㔝࣭ᑓ㛛ᛶࢆᣢࡘ ேࠎࡢどⅬࢆྲྀࡾධࢀࡿࡓࡵࡢάື࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࠊࢸ࣮࣐ࡢ࠶ ࡿ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶཧຍ⪅ࡣ೫ࡾࡀࡕ࡟࡞ࡿࠋศ 㔝ࡢ೫ࡽ࡞࠸ཧຍ⪅ࢆ㞟ࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࠊ➹⪅ࡽࡶヨ⾜㘒ㄗࢆ⧞ࡾ㏉ ࡋࡓࡀࠊᐇ᪋ᅇᩘࡢከ࠸ࠕᮾ໭኱Ꮫࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ ࡣ࡯࠿ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵ࡸሗ㐨ᶵ㛵࡜࣮࣡࢟ࣥࢢࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࢆసᡂࡋࠊࠕⲈ ᇛ┴ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙㸦⛉Ꮫᗙㄯ఍㸧ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㛤ദࡍࡿྛᕷ ࡟ཧຍ⪅ࡢ㞟ࡲࡾࡑ࠺࡞ࢸ࣮࣐ࡢ㑅ᐃࢆ౫㢗ࡍࡿ࡞࡝ࠊཧຍ⪅ࢆ 㞟ࡵࡿࡇ࡜࡟ᡂຌࡋࡓヨࡳ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣ௻⏬ẁ㝵࠿ࡽ⤌⧊ᶓ᩿ⓗ ࡞㐃ᦠࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࡀከᵝ࡞ᙧែࢆ࡜ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࠕ➨ᅄ ᅇࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖ࡜ࠕᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥㄽㅮ⩏ࠖ ࡣྠࡌ⌮ᛕࢆᣢࡕ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ␗࡞ࡿ㒊ศࡀከࡃ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ౛࠼ࡤࠕ➨ ᅄᅇࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝࠖࡣࠊᩥ໬⚍࡜࠸࠺㛤࠿ࢀࡓ఍ሙ࡛അ Ⓨⓗ࡟㞟ࡲࡗࡓཧຍ⪅ࡀ⮬ࡽࡢពぢࢆࡢ࡭࠶࠺Ⅼ࡛ࠊ๓㏙ࡢ࢖ࣥ ࢱࣅ࣮࡛ࣗ୰ᮧࡀ㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡟ࠊࠕ⮬⏤࡟㆟ㄽࡍࡿᩥ໬ࢆ᰿௜࠿ ࡏࡿࠖ࡟ࡣ㧗࠸ᐉఏຠᯝࢆ♧ࡍ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡋ࠿ࡋࡶ࡜ࡶ࡜┠ ⓗព㆑ࢆᣢࡗ࡚㞟ࡲࡗࡓཧຍ⪅࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࡢฟ఍࠸ࡶ▱ே㛵ಀ ࢆ㏻ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃഅ↛ࡢฟ఍࠸࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࠕᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽ ࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥㄽㅮ⩏ࠖࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ࠖࢆࡁࡗ࠿ࡅ࡜ ࡋ࡚⚟すࡀᣦ᦬ࡋࡓࡼ࠺࡞ࠕ࡯࠿ᩍ⫱ᶵ㛵࣭ᆅᇦࡢ௻ᴗ࡜ࡢࢿࢵ ࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ⠏ࡃࠖࡇ࡜ࡣᮇᚅ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ከᵝ䛺どⅬ䜢㞟䜑䜛஦䜢┠ⓗ䛸䛧䚸䛭䜜⮬య䜒ከᵝ䛺ᙧែ䜢ぢ䛫䜛Ꮫ㝿䝁䝭䝳䝙䜿䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾άື䛻䛚䛔䛶䛿䚸⤌⧊ᶓ᩿ⓗ䛺㐃 ᦠ䛸䚸䛹䛾䜘䛖䛺ሙ㠃䛻䜒ᰂ㌾䛻㐺ᛂ䛩䜛㐠Ⴀ᪉㔪䛜௒ᚋ䛾ᒎᮃ 䜢㛤䛟䛾䛷䛿䛺䛔䛛䛸➹⪅䛿⪃䛘䜛䚹㻌㸬ㅰ㎡ ➹⪅ࡣᮏ✏ࢆࡲ࡜ࡵࡿୖ࡛ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟ከࡃࡢ᪉ࡢຓຊࢆᚓࡓࠋ࢖ ࣥࢱࣅ࣮ࣗࢆࡈᛌㅙ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙ྛ୺ദ⪅࣭ㅮ₇ ⪅ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝ㛵ಀ⪅࣭ཧຍ⪅ࠊᏛ㝿ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙ ࣥㄽ≉ูㅮ⩏ࡢ㛵ಀ⪅࣭ཧຍ⪅ࠊ≉࡟⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡㛤Ⓨᡓ␎ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ ࡢ᪉ࠎ࡟ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟࠾ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡾ᭷┈࡞ຓゝࢆ࠸ࡓࡔ࠸ࡓࠋࡇࡇ࡟ ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡋࠊᮏ✏ࡢ⤖ࡧ࡜ࡋࡓ࠸ࠋ 㸬ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ࠙ࠚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᨻ⟇◊✲ᡤ ͆ᛴ㏿࡟Ⓨᒎࡋࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ◊✲㡿ᇦ͇ ᖹᡂ ᖺᗘㄪᰝሗ࿌᭩࣭ᖹᡂ ᖺ ᭶ ࠙ࠚᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫ┬ࠕᖹᡂ 16 ᖺᗘᩥ㒊⛉Ꮫⓑ᭩ࠖᖹᡂ 17 ᖺ 3 ᭶ ࠙ࠚ໭ᾏ㐨኱Ꮫ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢱ࣮㣴ᡂࣘࢽࢵࢺ͆ࢧ࢖ ࢚ࣥࢫࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ࣮ࣙࣥ࣡ࢡࢩࣙࢵࣉin Sapporo ࢖ ࢠࣜࢫ࡜᪥ᮏࡢ⌧≧࡜ᒎᮃ ሗ࿌᭩ ࠙ࠚἙཪὒᘯ ࣮͆ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ IT ࢡࣛࢫࢱ࣮ࡢᙧᡂ㸫 ⱥᅜ㸤໭Ḣ࡟ࡳࡿIT ᡓ␎ࣔࢹࣝ㸫͇➨21 ᅇ᝟ሗ㏻ಙᏛ఍ ಶே◊✲Ⓨ⾲ 2004 ࠙ࠚM.E.࣏࣮ࢱ࣮ࠕᅜࡢ➇தඃ఩ࠖᅵᒱᆞ㸹୰㎷ⴙ἞㸹ᑠ㔝ᑎ Ṋኵ㸦ヂ㸧ࢲ࢖ࣖࣔࣥࢻ♫ ࠙ࠚ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ᡓ␎ࢭࣥࢱ࣮ෆ㒊㈨ᩱࠕࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࢝ࣇ࢙▼ᕝ ௻⏬࣭㐠Ⴀ࣐ࢽࣗ࢔ࣝ

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䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䛯䜑䛾≀⌮䜶䞁䝆䞁䜢ᦚ㍕䛧䛯䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䝒䞊䝹䛾㛤Ⓨ㻌

㧗ᶫ㻌ㄔྐ䈂㻌 ୰᳃㻌 ⩏㍤䈂㻌 ᐑ⏣㻌 ୍஌䈃䈂໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ㻌 ▱㆑⛉Ꮫ◊✲⛉ 䈃໭㝣ඛ➃⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡኱Ꮫ㝔኱Ꮫ㻌 ▱㆑⛉Ꮫᩍ⫱䝉䞁䝍䞊

E-mail: {masa-t, nakamori, miyata}@jaist.ac.jp

1. 䛿䛨䜑䛻 㻌䝁䞁䝢䝳䞊䝍䜢⏝䛔䛯䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䛚䛔䛶䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾฼⏝䛿䠈⫈⾗䛾⌮ゎᗘ䜢㧗䜑䜛ຠᯝ䛜䛒䜛䠊 PowerPoint䛺䛹䛾䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䝋䝣䝖䛻䛿䠈䛭䛾䛯䜑䛾ᶵ⬟䛜ᦚ㍕䛥䜜䛶䛚䜚䠈䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䝇䝷䜲䝗䛻䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢㏣ຍ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ฟ᮶䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䝋䝣䝖䛻௜ᒓ䛩䜛䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁ᶵ⬟䛿䠈䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁⏕ᡂ䝒䞊䝹䛸䛧䛶䛿䠈ᶵ⬟ⓗ䛻㈋ᙅ䛷䛒䜛䠊≉䛻䠈」㞧䛺ື䛝䛾ᐃ⩏䜔ᥥ⏬䜸䝤䝆䜵䜽䝖䛜ከ䛔 ሙྜ䛾సᴗຠ⋡䛜ᝏ䛟⾲⌧⬟ຊ䜒㧗䛔䛸䛿ゝ䛘䛺䛔䠊䛣䛖䛧䛯䛣䛸䛛䜙䠈ᙉຊ䛺ᶵ⬟䜢ᣢ䛴䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁〇స 䝋䝣䝖䜴䜵䜰䜢ู㏵฼⏝䛧䠈ື⏬䝣䜯䜲䝹䜢సᡂ䛧䛶䝇䝷䜲䝗䛻㈞䜚௜䛡䜛䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔䠊䛣䛾ሙྜ䠈䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䝋䝣䝖䛻௜ᒓ䛩䜛䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾⾲⌧⬟ຊ䜢㉸䛘䛯䜒䛾䜢ᐜ᫆䛻స䜛䛣䛸䛜ྍ⬟䛷䛒䜛䠊䛧䛛䛧䠈ື⏬䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ᛶ㉁䛻䜘䛳䛶䛿ྥ䛛䛺䛔ሙྜ 䛜䛒䜛䠊䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷䛿䠈ㅮ₇⪅䛾ヰ䛻ᛂ䛨䛶䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢䛣䜎䜑䛻䝇䝔䝑䝥䛤䛸䛻ᐇ⾜䛩䜛䜘䛖䛺ぢ䛫᪉䜢䛩䜛ሙྜ䛜䛒䜛䠊䛣䛖䛧䛯ሙ㠃䛷䛿䠈䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䝋䝣䝖䛻ᦚ㍕䛥䜜䛯䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁ᶵ⬟䛿䠈䝬䜴䝇䛾䜽䝸䝑䜽䛺䛹䛻ᛂ䛨䛯෌⏕䜔೵Ṇ䛺䛹䛜䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䝇䝔䝑䝥䛤䛸䛻タᐃ䛜ฟ᮶䜛䛜䠈ື⏬䝣䜯䜲䝹䛿᫬ ⣔ิ䛷ᐇ⾜䛥䜜䜛䛯䜑ពᅗ䛧䛯ሙᡤ䛷ṇ☜䛻Ṇ䜑䜛䛾䛜㞴䛧䛔䠊䛩䛺䜟䛱䠈䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛷⏝䛔䜛䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻䛿䠈᧯స䛻ྜ䜟䛫䛶ືస䜢⣽䜔䛛䛻ᣦᐃ䛷䛝䜛ᚲせᛶ䛜䛒䜛䠊㻌䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛿䠈ື⏬䝣䜯䜲䝹䛾⏕ᡂ䛾䜘䛖䛻ᫎീ䜢䝥䝸䝺䞁䝎䝸䞁䜾䛩䜛䛾䛷䛿䛺䛟䠈䝡䝕䜸䝀䞊䝮䛾䜘䛖䛺䝸䜰䝹䝍䜲䝮䛻䝺䞁䝎䝸䞁䜾䛩䜛᪉ 䛜㐺ษ䛷䛒䜛䛸⪃䛘䜛䠊ᮏ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛿䠈3D 䝀䞊䝮䜶䞁䝆䞁[1]䛾タィ䜢䝰䝕䝹䛻䠈䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ไᚚ䛻≀⌮ 䜶䞁䝆䞁䜢ᦚ㍕䛧䛯䝒䞊䝹䜢㛤Ⓨ䛧䛯䠊3D 䝀䞊䝮䜶䞁䝆䞁䜢䝰䝕䝹䛸䛩䜛䛣䛸䛻䜘䛳䛶䠈䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾〇స䛻䛚䛔䛶௚䝒䞊䝹䛸䛾㐃ᦠᛶ䠈䝣䜯䜲䝹䛾ྍᦙᛶ䜢㧗䜑䛯䠊 ᮏ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛿䠈䝸䜰䝹䝍䜲䝮䛾䝺䞁䝎䝸䞁䜾䜶䞁䝆䞁䛸 ≀⌮䜶䞁䝆䞁䜢⤌䜏㎸䜣䛰䝡䝳䞊䝽䜢 PowerPoint 䛻⤌ 䜏㎸䜏䠈᪤Ꮡ䛾䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䝋䝣䝖䛛䜙฼⏝ྍ⬟ 䛻䛧䠈㧗ᗘ䛺䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁⾲⌧䜢䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻 ⤌䜏㎸䜐䛣䛸䜢ྍ⬟䛸䛧䛯䠊 2. ⫼ᬒ 2.1 䝅䝇䝔䝮䛾䛽䜙䛔㻌㻌 ᮏ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛿䠈ึᚰ⪅䛾䛯䜑䛾䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁ไస䜢 ᨭ᥼䛩䜛䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛿䛺䛟䠈ᢏ⾡䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䜔䠈 ᩘᏛ䞉⌮⛉ᩍ⫱䛺䛹䛾䝝䜲䜶䞁䝗䛺せồ䛻ᑐᛂ䛩䜛䝅䝇䝔䝮䜢┠ᣦ䛧䛶䛔䜛䠊䛣䛖䛧䛯⏝㏵䛷䛿䠈䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢⏝䛔䛯ㄝ᫂䛿䠈㟼Ṇ⏬䜔ᩘᘧ䜘䜚䜒⫈⾗䛾⌮ゎ䜢኱ 䛝䛟ຓ䛡䜛䠊ᩘᏛ䜔⌮⛉䛾ᩍᮦ䛾䜘䛖䛺㢟ᮦ䛷䛿䠈ᩘᘧ 䛸䛔䛖䝰䝕䝹䛜䛒䜚䛺䛜䜙䜒䠈䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾ไస䛿ᡭ ື䛻䜘䜛䜻䞊䝣䝺䞊䝮䝧䞊䝇䛷ไస䛩䜛䛣䛸䛜ከ䛔䠊ᮏ ◊✲䛷䛿䠈≀⌮䜶䞁䝆䞁䛻ຊᏛⓗ䛺ไᚚ䜢௵䛫䜛䛣䛸䛷䠈ᡭ௜䛡䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛾సᴗ䜢ῶ䜙䛩䛣䛸䛜ฟ᮶䜛䛸 ⪃䛘䛯䠊䛥䜙䛻䠈3D 䜾䝷䝣䜱䝑䜽䝇䛷ᥥ⏬䛥䜜䛯䜸䝤䝆䜵䜽䝖䛻ᑐ 䛧䛶䠈ᚑ᮶䛾䝥䝺䝊䞁䝔䞊䝅䝵䞁䝋䝣䝖䛾䝇䝷䜲䝗䜘䜚䜒䜲䞁䝍䝷䜽䝔䜱䝤䛺᧯స䜢㏣ຍ䛩䜛䛣䛸䛷䠈䜘䜚⫈⾗䜢ច䛝䛴䛡䜛䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁⾲⌧䛜䛷䛝䜛䜒䛾䛸⪃䛘䜛䠊ᮏ䝅䝇䝔䝮䛷䛿䠈䝝䜲䜶䞁䝗䛺せồ䛻ᛂ䛘䜛䛯䜑䠈䠍䠅GPU 䜢౑ 䛳䛯䝸䜰䝹䝍䜲䝮䝺䞁䝎䝸䞁䜾䠈䠎䠅䝸䜰䝹䝍䜲䝮≀⌮䝅䝭䝳䝺䞊䝅䝵䞁䜢⾜䛖≀⌮䜶䞁䝆䞁䛾ᦚ㍕䠈䠏䠅䜰䝙䝯䞊䝅䝵䞁䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䜲䞁䝍䝷䜽䝔䜱䝤䛺ാ䛝䛛䛡䛜䛷䛝䜛ධຊฎ⌮䠈䛾䠏䛴䛾ᶵ⬟䜢ᐇ⿦䛧䛯䠊

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