ＬＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮ Ｗｈａｔｉｓ“globaleducation?”Thisrelativelynewareaisalsoreferred

187

AnAnalysisofGloballssues

ln

JapaneseSeniorHighSchoolEnglishTextbooks

ChiekoHiranoi

ＬＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮ

Ｗｈａｔｉｓ“globaleducation?”Thisrelativelynewareaisalsoreferred

toas“worldstudies'，（Fisher＆Hicks)(1)ｏｒ“educationfOrpeaceand

internationa1uderstanding”（Reardon)(2)．InJapan,“globaleducationO，is oftentranslatedinto“kokusai-rikai-kyoiku,,，whichisclosertothe Reardon，stermaboveTodayalsoinJapan,thisareaconstitutesonevital partofthecontent-basedapproachinlanguageteaching,offeringmany currentandcontroversialtopicstodiscussinordertogainabetterworld・

Itisgenerallyheldamongglobaleducatorsthattheareaofglobal educationcoversmajorfourfields：peaceeducation，humanrights

education,developmenteducationandenvironmenteducation(3)(4)．Thatis tosay,studentscaneasilyfindsome"globalissues'，inanynewspaper:war andconflict,hunger,poverty,prejudice,environmentaldestruction,ａｎｄｓｏ

ｏｎ･

TheconceptofCb秘?“ｑ/Ｓ〃｡y/bγUlPPeγＳＢＣＣ"ｄｑ７ｑｙＳｃ/moJsi〃ノヒZPα〃

(Mombusho)(5)revisedinl989canberegardedasconsistentwiththisnew trendCollegestookthisacademicyearthefirststudentswhohave

completedthewholecourseofEnglishbasedonthenewCb泌汚ｅｑ／Smdy

asfreshmen，Inthinkingabouthowtocontinueglobaleducationin collegeEnglishteaching，itissuggestiveforinstructorstoｇｒａｓｐｈｏｗ

globalissuesaretreatedinJapaneseseniorhighschoolEnglishtextbooks approvedbytheJapaneseMinistrvofEducation（Mombusho）asa startingpoint．

Ⅱ、ＭＥＴＨＯＤ

Thepresentstudyexamines30seniorhighschoolEnglishtextbooks approvedbyMombusho,especiallyinthethreecoursesof“English１，，，

"EnglishII”ａｎｄ“EnglishReading"、Ｔｈｅｓａｍｐｌｉｎｇｉｓｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｒａｎｋｉｎｇ ofmarketshare(`)．Ｔｈｅｔｏｐｔｅｎｔｅｘｔｂｏｏｋｓｉｎｅａｃｈｃｏｕｒｓｅareexamined、

BeforetheenforcementofthecurrentCoz（だＣＯ/Ｓｍｄｙ,Nakabachidid aquantitativeandqualitativecontentanalvsison48seniorhighschool Englishtextbooks,examiningboththefrequencyofeachglobalissueand thewayinwhicheachtopicisdescribed(7)．

Nakabachicategorizedeachlessonintothreefieldsofglobal education：peaceeducationhumanrightseducationandenvironment education,forthesakeofconvenience,inordertoavoidoverlappingand tocategorizeonelessononlyintoonefield,whichfacilitatesquantitative analysiS

However,inthepresentstudy,ifonelessontopiccoversplura1areas ofglobalissues,theoverlappingitselfisrespecteｄａｓａｎａｓｐｅｃｔｏｆ“global issues.”Ｆｏｒexample,thetopicofMartinLutherKingJr・coversnotonly

"ｈｕｍａｎrights”ｂｕｓａｌｓｏ“peace”ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｈｉｓ“non-violence''principle,or somelessonsontheNativeAmericansdescribenｏｔｏｎｌｙｔｈｅｉｒｐｌｉｇｈｔｂｕｔ ａｌｓｏｔｈｅｉｒｖiewonnature，ｗｈｉｃｈcanbecontrastedwiththemodern

"environmentalissue.,，Ｔｈｅｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｏｆｏｖｅｒｌａｐｐｉｎｇｉｓｎｏｔｒｅstrictedto

9I（８）

"developmentissues・

Consequently,thesurveyresultsofthepresentstｕｄｙａｒｅｓｈｏｗｎｏｎｌｙ ｉｎｔｈｅｆｏｒｍｏｆｔｏｐｉcdescriptionanddistributionofasterisksamongthe majorfourfieldsofglobaleducationinthetablefollowingthetext・

Inaddition,ｔｈｅｗｅｉｇｈｔｏｆｏｎｅａｓｔｅｒｉｓｋｃａｎｂｅｄｉｆferentamongeach lesson,ｆｏｒexample,ｏｎｅａｓｔｅｒｉｓｋｉｎｔｈｅｐｅａｃｅｃｏｌｕｍｎｆｏｒalessondealing

withMartinLutherKingJr・ｄｏｅｓnotnecessarilyequaloneinthesame columnforalessondealingwiththｅａｔｏｍｉｃｂｏｍｂｉｎｇｏｎＨｉｒｏｓｈｉｍａ Ａｌｓｏ,ｅｖｅｎｉｆｔｗｏｌｅｓｓｏｎｓａｒｅｗｒｉｔｔｅｎｉｎｔｈesametopiQanasteriskfora 2-page-lessondoesnotequaloneforamore-than-10-page-lessonThenthe

aｕｔｈｏｒｄｉｄｎｏｔｃｏｕｎｔｔｈｅmmechanically．

Ⅲ、ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳ

Inthissection,generaltendencyorinterestingtopicsineachcategory

of“globalissueso'ａｒｅdiscussed．

LPeacelssmes

Threelessonsarewrittenabouttheｄｒｏｐｐｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅａｔｏｍｉｃｂｏｍｂｏｎ

ＨｉｒｏｓhimaorNagasaki，especiallyabouttheterribletragediesofeach victim・Ｉｔｉｓｕｎｄｅｎｉａｂｌｅｔｈａｔｔｈｅｂｏｍｂｉｎｇｃａusedlotsoftragediesand studentsshouldknowthecrueltyofwar・However,itisproblematicthat toomuchemphaｓｉｓｏｎＨiroshimaandNagasakimightmakeJapanlook likeaninnocentvictim・AsisseenintheNakabachisurvey，therewere

manymorelessonsonHiroshimabeforetheenforcementoftherevised

Cm庵ｅｑ/Ｓ畝｡y(9)．Nakabachidiscussedthenecessityofthinkingabollt

whatJapandidinotherAsiancountries('0)．

Ｉｎａｎｙｃａｓｅ,theproblemhasnotbeenwritingaboｕｔｔｈｅｔｒａｇｅｄｙｏｆ Ｈｉｒｏｓｈｉｍａｂｕｔｌａｃｋofthehistoricalreferencestoinvasionsandcrueltyby theJapanesearmyinotherAsiancountriesSomewell-balanced perspectiveonourpastshouldberequiredintextbooks・Forexample1

RQccoo〃Ｅ"gjisﾉzReadi"9s(u)，ｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｎｏｔｌｉｓｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｔｏｐｌＯｔｅｘｔbooks，

includesaninnovativelessontitled“ＬｏｓｔＮａｍｅｓ"('2）Thelessondealswith howtheKoreanｐｅｏｐｌｅｗｅｒｅｆｏｒｃｅｄｔｏｇｉｖｅｕｐｔｈｅｉｒＫｏｒｅａｎｎamesandto

haveJapanesenamesinsteadundertheJapaneseoccupation,Thislesson

wasalsoinRaccoo〃ＺＩＢ('，)beforetherevisionoftheCozJ7seq／ＳＺⅢ｡y,and

TamurareferredtoitasaninnovativecontentinhisbookHi4mα〃Rjg/zts

EU"αzZio〃ｊ〃Ｅ"gﾉiSh（EfgD-de-YD加測五"ﾉbeルノ､ﾉoihzJ)(1ｲ)ａｓｄｉｄＮａｋａｂａｃｈｉｉｎ

hisarticle・

ＴｈｅｔｏｐｉｃｏｆＨｉｔｌｅｒａｎｄｔｈｅＮａｚｉｓｉｓｄealtwithinmanylessonsfrom variousresources,ｓｕｃｈａｓ`‘theDiaryofAnneFrank",“ＴｈｅStoryofthe TrappFamilySingers，'（"TheSoundofMusic，,),“Tricolor,Flutterinthe Wind1",“TheGreatDictator”ａｎｄ``VisasforSixThousandLives'0．The varietyofresourcesincurrenttextbookscanbecontrastedwiththe frequencyof“ＡｎｎｅＦｒａｎｋ，'inearliertextbooksn5)．

Thetwosciencefictionstories，“ＴｈｅｒｅＷｉｌｌＣｏｍｅＳｏｆｔＲａｉｎｓ，，

(SPeCt7w”Ｅ?ZgJjshReadi？19)ａｎｄ``TheSecondTimeAroundI'(雌lesto"eID areimaginativeandappealinginofferingimagesoffutureworldsaｆｔｅｒ ｔｈｅｄｙｉｎｇｏｕｔｏｆｈｕｍａｎｂｅｉｎｇｓｂｅcauseofnuclearwarorexplosion・The formerdescribesahouse,insidewhichonlymachinerycouldsurviveto continueworkingwithoutanyoneIntheotherstory,afewsurvivorsof anuclearwararefound,ｏｎｅｏｆｗｈｏｍｒｅｍａｒｋｓ,"Wediditallbefore・This timewasjustthesecondtimearound''('６)attheend、

Thereisamajortendencyintheareaofglobaleducationthatlovefor natureandloveforpeaceareconnectedwitheachotherundertheconcept of``SpaceshipEarth'，ｏｒ“MotherEarth"・Inthissurvey，thelessontitled

"SpaceshipEarth，’（Bozutuouノノ）presentssomeastronauts，words expressingtheirdeepimpressionsonviewingtheEarthfromoutside,ｓｕｃｈ ａｓ“WeareallchildrenoftheEarth・Thoughweliveindifferentcountries，

ｗｅａｒｅａｌｌｔｈｅＥａｒｔｈ'ｓchildren，ａｎｄｗｅｓｈｏｕｌｄｔｒｅａｔｈｅｒａｓｏｕｒＭｏｔｈｅｒ”

(AleksandrAleksandrov)(17).．

2．ＨｕｍａｎＲｉｇｈｔｓｌｓｓｕｅｓ

FourtextbooksdealwithMartinLutherKing,比,andtheytellusthat heisstillasymbolinthisfield、However,currentEnglishtextbooksshow muchmorevarietyinpresentingracialissuesfacingtheUS，Ｆｏｒexample，

therearemanylessonsaboutNativeAmericans,whileNakabachireported therewerｅｏｎｌｙｔｗｏｌｅｓｓｏｎｓｏｎｔｈｅｍｉｎｈｉｓｓｕｒｖeyuB)．Thecurrentincrease maybebecauseofthelnternationalYearfortheWorldoslndigenous People，l99aThreelessons(１９）ａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｍａｒｅａｄａｐｔｅｄｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｓａｍｅ

resource,Ｃ/zj"SgattJds⑰stimo"y(z`),z(ﾉhjc/２Ｓﾉ２oz(ﾉｓＡ/ntjDeA籾ｅｎａｚ"ｓｚﾉezzu^p●

o〃ｋｚ〃。α"。〃α如杉Ａ"or/Z〃ｏ"1stα〃｡‘"ｇＰｊｅＣｅｊｓ２ﾉZedesc”Zjo〃０打Ｚｈｅｉγ P”Sc刀tPJigﾉZrα"ｄ地ＢｉγcⅣﾉｍｍＪｍｅ"rjZyi刎仇emodgmUS.』〃ﾉﾉieにSSO〃"The FY7sjA机e〃cα"s”（Ce"、SID・

Nakabachiwascriticalbecausethetopicsofracialdiscriminationin EnglishtextbookswererestrictedtoAfrican-AmericansandNative Americans(2')．However，thepresentstudyfoundtwolessons(22）ｏｎｔｈｅ ｃｏｎｔｒａｓｔｏｆ‘meltingpot，ａｎｄ‘saladbowl,，ｗｈｉｃｈｒｅｍｉｎｄｓｕｓｏｆｔｈｅ ｈｉｓｔｏｒｉｃａｌｆａｃｔｔｈａｔｔｈｅＵＳ、ｉｓａｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｏｆｉｍｍｉｇｒａｎｔｓ，Referenceto NativeAmazonians，IncasandAustralianAboriginesmighthavebeen encouragedbythelnternationalYearforｔｈｅWorld，slndigenousPeople

EvenwithinthetopicofAfrican-Americans,threeuniquelessonscan

bepointedoutintermsofvariety．“MarianAnderson”（Pbzw1）oz(ﾉＩＤｉｓａ

ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｓｔｏｒｙｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｂｌａcksingerintheMetropolitanOpera，ｂｕｔｔｈｅ ｈｅｒｏｉｎｅｔａｌｋｓａｂｏｕｔｈｅｒａｍｂｉvalentfeelingtowardaffirmativeacition,“Ｉ ｄｏｎｏｔｔｈｉｎｋｔｈｅｙｗｉｌｌｂｅａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄｂecausetheyareblacks、lhopethat theywillbewelcomedonlyfortheirability."(23）BillCosby，ｓessay`‘My AdorableLiars”（D7mm-Mmbeγ〃）breaksastereotypicalimagethat African-Americansareunderclassanddescribesamiddle-classfamilyof African-Americans・Inthelessonof"SomeMeaningsofBlackness"(Cmtu〃

助gljshReadmg),HenryLouisGates,Ｊｒ.,oneofAmerica'sleadingliterary andculturalcritics,describeshisownracialexperiences,tracingahistory ofonomasticsuptothepresentseparationwithintherace

AsforJewishpeople，therearetwolessonsaboutthemotherthan lessonsaboutthoseinEuropｅｄｕｒｉｎｇＷ.Ｗ、Ⅱ：themusicalFjddに７０〃ｔｈｅ Ｒｏ⑰setinCzaristRussia(Pbzu”ｏ２ｃＥ?19！ishReczdi?Zg),ａｎｄShakespeare，ｓ Ｔ/ｚｅＭｂ花ﾉ、"ｍ／Ｖｂ"ｉｃｅ（Cmzu〃Ｅ"gZjshReadi'29)．

‘OThethreeAstronauts'，（SPecZ7wmI)]afablewithaScienceFiction flavorbyUmbertoEcqdescribestheprejudiceorconflictagainsta differenｔｂｅｉｎｇｗｈｉｃｈｉｓａｔｔｈｅｒｏｏｔｏｆｒａｃｉａｌdiscriminationbyputtinga MartianamongtheastronautsofdifferentnationalitiesonMars，

ＦｏｕｒlessonsfocusonStephenHawking，sacademicｃａｒｅｅｒａｎｄｈｉｓ

strugglewithALS・Hisacademicachievementmightencouragesome handicappedpeopleHeleftsomeenlighteningremarks，“Ｏｎｅｈａｓｔｏｂｅ ｇｒｏｗｎｕｐｅｎｏｕｇｈｔｏｒｅａｌｉzethatlifeisnotfair・Ｙｏｕｊｕｓｔｈａｖｅｔｏｄｏｔｈｅ ｂｅｓｔｙｏｕｃａｎｉｎthesituationyouarein'，(顎)ａｎｄ“Apartfrombeingunlucky enoughtogetALS,Ｉｈａｖｅbeenfortunateinalmosteveryotherrespect.,'(浅）

Ｔｈｅｓｅｒｅｍａｒｋｓａｒｅｉｍｐｒｅｓｓｉｖｅｉｎｔｅｒmsoftheidealofnormalization，

Therecentsocialinterestintheconceptofnormalizationandits realizationmightbereflectedintwolessonsdealingwithindependence dogs

Themostcontroversialmaterialｓｏngenderissuesinthissurvey mightｂｅ“Kramervs・Kramer,'（ﾊﾉbz(ﾉＨｍＺｏ〃Ｅ)UgJjsﾉｌＲｅａｄｊ?Zg）ａｎｄ“Ａ

`Modern，Cinderella"byRobertFulghum(SPect7wmE'29ﾉisﾉzRcqdi"g)．The fOrmerdescribesawoman，ｓｄｉｌｅｍｍａｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｌｏｖｅｆｏｒｈｅｒｆａｍｉｌyand crisisofherownidentity・FulghumclaimstheclassicpassiveCindereUa doesnotdeserveherhappinessandsuggeststhatanactiveand independentheroineshouldbehappy・

ThreelessonsdealwithAIDS、ＴｗｏｏｆｔｈｅｍｆｏｃｕｓｏｎＲｙａｎＷｈｉｔe，

whogotAIDSthroughbloodtransfusionsAnotherlesson,“Whatkids WantandﾉVbedtoknowaboutAIDS，，(Ｍｎi"st”αｍＥ"gJjs〃Ｒｅａｄi"g),tries

tooffercorrectmedicalinformationaboutAIDSinthefirstsectionbut failstodescribeindetailthestoryofagirlAIDSvictimwhoseeｍｓｔｏｈａｖｅ ｇｏｔｔｈｅｄｉｓｅａｓｅｆｒｏｍａｓｅｘｕalintercourseinthelattersectioｎ．The author,shesitationindealingwithAIDSinaSeniorHighSchooltextbook isshoｗｎbythevaguedescriptionofthesection．

3．DevelopmentIssues

ＴｈｅｌａｔｅＭｏｔｈｅｒＴｅｒｅｓａｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｇreatestpersonswhodevoted theirlｉｖｅｓｔｏｈｅｌｐｉｎｇｖｅｒｙｐｏｏｒｐｅｏｐｌｅｉｎｄevelopingcountries．Ｕ>Ｉｉｃｏｍ Ｅ"g/ｊｓｈＲｅａｄｉ"gincludesalessondescribingherlifeandprincipleswith manyimpresｓｉｖｅｒｅｍａｒｋｓｏｆｈｅｒｓｏｓｕｃｈａｓ“Ｌｅｔｎｏｏｎｅｅｖｅｒｃｏｍｅｔｏｙｏｕ ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔｃｏｍｉｎｇａｗａｙｂｅtterandhappler． ^{･ＩＤ(20）}

Sometextbooksdealwithpeopleinshowbusinesswhocontributedto

193

deve1opingcountries:BobGeldofandBandAid（Ｗｓｔｑ／),YannAndersen

and"SongforNadim”(jVb2pWD"dDandAudreyHepburnasagoodwill

ambassadorfOrUNICEF（αjPPcr/)．

ＩｔｉｓｈｅｌｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｔｏｒｙｏｆＭｏｔｈｅｒＴｅresaistouchingforstudentsand thatherprinciplesshouldberespectedMusiciansorfamousmoviestars mightencouragestudentstobecomeinterestedintheplightofdeveloping

countries、

Ｔｈｅｔｏｐｉｃｓｏｆｆａｍｏｕｓｐｅｏｐｌｅｃａｎｂｅｈｅlpfulasafirststepinglobal education・However,ｔｈｅｇｏａｌｉｎｔｈｉｓａｒｅａｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｃｌｏｓｅlyconnectedto somepracticalrealization，Ｉｔｃａｎｂｅｇｕｅｓｓｅｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｒｅｗｉｌｌｃｏｍｅｓｏｍｅ ｉｒｏｎｉｃａｌａｓｐｅｃｔｉｆｗｅｄｏｎｏｔunderstandwhatthecontributionshouldbe．

“SchooloftheWind”（１脚est0"ｅＤａｎｄ“TheSikhaValleyLifeline”

(Ｃｅ"ｍｓＥｿZgJjsﾉｶReqdi?１９）dealwiththispoint・TheconceptofDr・Nakata andhisschool`SchooloftheWind，isespeciallyinformativeinthinking

aboutpracticesseriously、Ｄｒ・NakataisaJapanesespecialistin

agriculturawhointroducedancientJapanesefarmingmethodstomany

developingcountries，Heassertsthatassistancetodevelopingcountries shouldbebasedonwｈａｔｔｈｅｐｅｏｐｌｅａｌｒｅａｄｙｈａｖｅｔｏｉｍｐｒｏvetheirlives、

Ｉｔｉｓｎｏｔｓｕｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔｔｏｇｉｖｅｍｏｎｅｙｔｏpoorcountries・Ｗｈａｔｗｅｓｈｏｕｌｄｄｏｉｓ

ｔｏｃｏ－ｏｐｅｒａｔｅｔｏｆｉｎｄthebestmethodforeachsituationFｏｒexample，

Ｄｒ、Nakatatalksintermsofagriculturaltechniquesasfollows，“Ihave

threebasicrules・Ａｌｌｔｈｅｄｅｖｉｃｅｓｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｓｉｍｐｌｅａｎｄｅａｓｙｔｏｍａｋｅｂｙ

ｈａｎｄ，ｔｈｅｃｏｓｔｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅａｓｌｏｗａｓｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅandallthematerialsused shouldbeavailableinthatarea、^９０(27〕

“BananasSpeak”(1VC2uWb"。〃）ｒｅｆｅｒｓｔｏthePhilippineplantations

runbyAmericancompaniesusingdangerousChemicals・Theworkersare paidverylowwagestogrowbananasfOrJapan,buttheycannoteatthem．

“TheEcologicalParadox”（SPCC珈加Ｅ"gJis〃Ｒｅａｄ/"g）discussesthe hypocriticalaspectoftheecologymovementmdevelopedcountries・

Peopleintheecologymovementencouragedevelopingcountriesto

protecttheirenvironmentfromindustriesofdevelopedcountriesinspite

oftheirpoverty．

“EnglishinthePhilippines”（Ｃｅ"〃ＳＥ"g/isﾉbReadj?29s）dealswiththe issueofnationalidentityofthedevelopingcountrywhichwascolonized bytheU・Sintermsoflanguages．

4．Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔｌｓｓｕｅｓ

Thevarietyoftopicsisalsoacharacteristicofthisgenre：protecting wildspecies,desertification,deforestation,pollution,wasteandrecycling，

thegreenhouseeffect,thedestructionoftheozonelayer,thepopulation explosion,ｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｗｅｒａｎｄｓｏｏｎＨｏｗｅｖｅｒｏｉｔｉｓｎｏｔｔｈｅｐｕｒｐｏｓｅｏｆｔｈｉｓ papertoretelleachtopiconebyoneＴｈｅａｎａｌｖｓｉｓｉｓｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｓｔｙｌｅｏｆ

ｐｅｒｓｕａｓｌｏｎ

Ｔｈｅｓｔｙｌｅｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｍｏｓｔｄirectlyrelatedtopracticesisthe

"questionnaireandinformation”ｓｔｙｌｅｏｆ１ＷｈａｔＣａｎｌＤｏｆｏｒｔｈｅ Ｅｎｖｉｒonment?”（CjjPPerD,whichgivesstudentsanopportunitytoreflect ontheirowndailywasteandrecycling・

Resortingtostatisticsasin`Don，tCanMe1”（ｊＷｔｕＷＯγ/‘I）ａｎｄ"Ｈｏｗ ＤｏＹｏｕＵｓｅＷａｔｅｒ?”（SPectγYJm〃）isalsoeffectiveinofferingcorrect informationinaclear-cutway、

Whilethedocumentaryessayof“Chernobyl0，（ＷＳｍＩＤｃａｎｈａｖｅａ ｗａｒｎｉｎｇｅｆｆｅｃｔａｂｏｕｔｔｈｅｓａｆｅｔｙｏｆｎｕｃｌｅａｒｐｏｗｅｒｐｌａｎｔｓ，some documentaryessaysaboutwildspeciesmightraisestudents,loveand sympathyfornature、Nonfictionlikethismightproducesomeemotional effectonstudents、

Factualexplanationsonthetopicssuchasdesertification，the greenhouseeffecLsolarenergyandthepopulationexplosionare informativeinofferingstudentsbackgroundknowledgeforwhatthey shoｕｌｄｄｏｉｎｔｈｅｉｒｄａｉｌｙｌｉｖｅｓｏｒｂａｓｉｃｉnformationfortheirnextstepof criticalthinking、

Asanenvironmentaldiscussion，threetextbooksdealwithRachel CarsonandSiに"tSP冗噌Thebookwarnedagainsttheunhesitatinguse ofpoisonouschemicalsliｋｅＤＤＴａｎｄｃｒｅａｔｅｄｔｈｅｅｃｏｌｏｇｙｍｏｖｅｍentof today．

195

ＴｈｅｍｏｓｔａｃａｄｅｍｉｃｅｓｓａｙｉｎｔｈｅｔｈｉｒtytextbooksisPaulKennedv,ｓ

"PreparingfortheTwenty-firstCentury”（･切り〃Ｅ）ZgJjSﾉzReadmg),which showsapessimisticviewonagrowinggapbetweenpopulationand resources,introducingTR・Malthus'EssCIyo〃ＰｂＰｍａｔｊｏ〃Globaleducation shouldbeconnectedtoitspracticalrealization・Ｋｅｎｎｅｄｙ'sessayistoo theoreticalmtermsofpracticalfocusofglobaleducation．

Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｔｗｏｍｏｒｅｔｏｐicstomentionhere・Threetextbooksdealwith PeterRabbit,BeatrixPotterandtheNationalTrustThebeautifulscenery oftheLakeDistrictdescribedinthetaleofPeterRabbitisstillpreserved，

ｂｅｃａｕｓｅＰｏｔｔｅｒｂｏｕｇｈｔａｌｏｔｏｆｌａｎｄｔherewiththemoneyfromherPeter RabｂｉｔａｎｄｄｏｎａｔｅｄｉｔａｌｌｔｏｔｈｅＮａｔionalTrustThedetailmightbemore impressivebecauseofPotter，sprettypictures，

Ｔｗｏtextbooksincludedifferentabridｇｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｓｔｏｒｙ２ｎｈｅＭｍ ＷＷｍＰﾉα"ｔｅｄＴ７℃Cs,writtenbyJeanGiono(２３)．Thisisafantasywithasoftly appealingenvironmentalmessage・NHKbroadcastananimationofthe storybyFrederickBuckinl994．

Ⅳ、ＣＯＮＣＬＵＳＩＯＮ

Ｔｈｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓｕｒｖｅｙｉｓｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅｄａｓａgeneraldescriptivestudyof

currentSeniorHighSchoolEnglishtextbooksasastartingpoint・The

nextstagemightbeamoredetaileddiscussionofoneofthefourareasof globaleducation,ｏｒｒａｔｈｅｒｏｎｏｎｅｔｏｐｉｃｉｎｏｎｅａｒｅａ・

Thenthearticlecantraceatransitiｏｎｏｆｈｏｗｔｈｅｔｏｐｉｃｈａｓｂｅｅｎｄｅａｌｔ ｗｉｔｈｉｎｅａrliertextbookstohowitisdealtwithincurrentones、Itcanalso discusspreciselyhowthetopicshouldbeintroducedanddiscussedin parallelwithglobalchange・Asglobaleducationshouldbeconnectedto somepracticalrealization，globaleducatorsshouldalwaysbeconscious aboutwhatisneedeｄｉｎｔｈｅｄａｉｌｙｃｏｎｔｅｘｔｗｈｉｃｈｉｓｃｈａｎｇing・

ＴｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｉｓｇｏｉｎｇｔｏｋｅｅｐｕｐｗｉｔｈｎｅwtrendsinthefOrmof periodicalsinordertoofferresourcesforcollegeinstructorstoconsultin organizingtheirsessions・Ｔｈｉｓｉｓｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｎｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎａｂｏｕｔｗｈａｔｔｈｅｉｒ

studentshavealreadylearnedinseniorhighshcoolishelpfulinorderto avoidaboringrepetitionorinefficiencycausedbytoo-demandmg materials・Theauthorhopescollegeinstructorsconsultingthesesurveys willtakeadvantageoftheaccessibilityofglobaleducationinteaching CurrentEnglishorSocialStudies．

ＮＯＴＥＳ

（１）Fisher,SandHicks,，.（1985）Ｗ０"ｄＳｔⅢdねｓ8-13.Edinburgh：oliver＆

Ｂｏｙｄｐ８．

（２）Reardon,Ｂ､（1988）ＣｏｍＰねhe"ｓｉＵｅ比aceEdwcmio"・ＮｅｗＹｏｒｋ：Teachers Collegep28．

（３）Kniep，Ｗ・（1987）ＡｔｍＳｔＧＰｓｊ〃ＧﾉobaJEU"cmjo7I、NewYork：Global PerspectivesinEducationp７７．

（４）Cates,Ｋ・（May，1990）“TeachingforaBetterWorld：Globallssuesin LanguageEducation.''TheLmZgIJ(ZgUmeac/ler､ＶＯＬ１４．ｎｏ､5．Tokyo：ＪＡＬＴ, Ｐ､３，

（５）Mombusho.（1989）ＣｏｍＴｉｅｑ／Ｓｔ２ｲ｡ｙ/brUiPPerSeco"dαぴＳｃﾉ、oﾉs､Tokyo：

Mombushopp､213-216

（６）Jiji-tsushin-sha．（January，1997）“MarketshareofSeniorHighSchool EnglishTextbooks.,WmgniKyoi"・ｎｏ､4790.ｐｐ､10-1Ｌａｎｄｐ､13.

（７）Nakabachi,Ｋ・（May,1992）“ASurveyofG1oballssuesinJapaneseHigh SchoolEnglishTextbooks.”７泥Ｌ(mgZｲ〔ZgU71eacher，ＶＯＬ１６．ｎｏ､５．Ｔｏｋｙｏ：

ＪＡＬＴ､pP23-29．

（８）Nakabachiavoidedthiscategoryinhisstudyintermsofoverlapping．

（９）ノbid,ｐｐ２8-29．

(10）〃皿,ｐ25.ａｎｄＰ､２７．

(11）Raccoo〃Ｅ'３９/iShReadi"9s.（1995）Tokyo:Chikumashobo．

(12）Ｋｉｍ，ＲＥ．（1970）Lost／Vtz郡Cs、Seoul：TheSisayongo-SaPublishing Company．

(13）RQccoo〃〃Ｂ､（1989）Tokyo:Chikuma-shobo．

(14）Tamura,Ｈ（1993)Ｅ“-de-Ymm五"ﾉbe〃Kyo沈必Tokyo:Akashishotenpp、

58-72

(15）NakabachiⅢＫ・'0P・ｃｊｔ.,ｐｐ,28-29．

(16）jWiにＳＩＯ'１ｅ〃（1995）Osaka:Keirmkan.ｐ､111．

(17）Ｐｂ砂zuotuI（1993）Tokyo:Bun-eido.ｐ128．

(18）Nakabachi,Ｋ､,OP､ciA,ｐ２５．

(19）“ＴｈｅＷｅｂｏｆＬｉｆｅ'，（/Ｗ２ｕＨｍｆｚｏ〃Ｅ"g/js/ｔＲｅａｄｍｇ)，“ＣａｎＹｏｕＢｕｙｔｈｅ Ｓｋｙ?,,（/ＷｔｐＷＯｒﾉﾛ〃）ａｎｄ“TheTestimonyofanlndianChief'，（Cmzu〃

Ｅ"gJishReaai"g）

(20）Ｃｈｉ"Ｓ“肱きたStjmo")（（1986）ＢＢＣ

197

(21）Nakabachi,Ｋ､,”・cjZB,ｐ､２７．

(22）“Froma1`MeItingPot"ｔｏａ"SaladBowl,,”(､惚加-ＭJ舵丁のａｎｄ``America -TheMeltingPot?,，(雌ﾉesZD"eE7RgJiShReaai?29）

(23）Ｐｂ出跡ozuIL（1994）Tokyo:Bun-eido・Ｐｌｌ６．

(24）jM7ZesZo"e〃.（1995）Osaka:Keirinkanp､53．

(25）ＳＰＧα、加Ｌ（1997）Tokyo:KiriharaShotenp､76．

(26）Ｕ"jco7aFz動g/軸Ｒｅａｄj'29.（1994）Tokyo:Bun-eido.ｐ15．

(27）蠅陀slo"Cｆ（1993）Osaka:Keirinkan.Ｐ137．

(28）Giono,』（1985）ＴｈｅＡｆｔｚ〃ＩＷｉｏＰｌα"“Ｔ7℃巳s・CheIsea：GreenPublishing Company．

198

ＡＰＰＥＮＤＩＸ

DistributionofGloballssuesinJapanese SeniorHighSchoolEnglishTextbooks

Thesurveyexaminesatotalof30textbooks：thelOtextbookshavingthebiggestmarket sharesineachof3courses:EngIishl，EnglishnandEnglishReading，

InthistabIe,theeachlOtextbooksarearramgediｎｔｈｅｏｒｄｅｒｏｆｍａrketshare．

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ABluePearIinSpace environmentingeneral ^＊

ＴｈｅＯｚｏｎｅＨｏｌｅ deStructionofozoneIayer ^＊

SavePandas protectionofwildspecies ^＊

ＡＳｉｃｋＳｅａ poIlutionoltheMediterranean ^＊

ＷｈｏＤｏｅｓＷｈａｔａｔＨｏｍｅ？ peopleswithoutgender

discrimination ^＊

PeterRabbit BeatrixPolter＆ｔｈｅNational

Trust ^＊

ＡＧｉｆｔｆｒｏｍＢｏｂＧｅＩｄｏｆ ＢａｎｄＡｉｄ ^＊

MartinLutherKing,Ｊｒ･iｎ

ＨｉｓＨｉｇｈＳｃｈｏｏｌＤａｙｓ segregationagainst

African-Americanpeople ^{＊ ＊} ２ＵＮＩＣＯＲＮＢｕｎ､eido

Karen truestoryofagirlsuffering

frominfantiIeparalysis ^＊

ＤｅａｒWorld messagesfromboys＆girls ^{＊ ＊ ＊ ＊}

EnergyfOrTomorrow prospectsofSolaTenergy ^＊

IntheHeartofAfrica experienceofavolunteerin

Zａｍｂｉａ ^＊

PeterRabbitandHis

Ｈｏｍｅ Potter＆theNationalTrust _＊

３ＭIＬＥＳＴＯＮＥＫｅｉｒｉｎｋａｎ

TarainJapan anAmericanhighschool

student'ｓｖｉｅｗｏｎＪａｐａｎ ^＊ JimAbbott normalizationofhandicapped

people ^＊

AThousandCranes aｔｏｍｉｃｂｏｍｂｖｉｃｔｉｍｉｎ

Hiroshima ^＊

Ｓａｌｍｏｎ ℃ｏｍｅＢａｃｋＳａＩｍｏｎｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔ ^ｇ●

inSapporo ^＊

WasteandRecycIing wasteandrecycling ^＊ ＴｈｅＰｒｏｍｉｓｅｏｆｌ８６３ civilrightsmovement＆Martin

LutherKing,Ｊｒ． ^{＊ ＊}

ＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆｔｈｅＷｉｎｄ howtocontributetodeveloping

countries ^＊

４ＰＯＷＷＯＷＢｕｎ－ｅｉｄｏ ＡｎＯｌｄＴｒｅｅＷｉｔｈＧｒｅｅｎ

Branches ＡｎｉｎｄｉａｎｂｏｙｏＳｌｏｖｅｆｏｒａｎｏｌｄ

tree ^＊

ＤｉｅｌｆＹｏｕＭｕｓｔ,Ｂｕｔ

NeverＫｉｌｌ NativeAmazonians＆Brazilian

explorers ^＊

ＴｈｅMississippi African-Americans ^＊

AGuinean，ｓＤｒｅａｍ RelationsbetweenGuineaand

Japan ^＊

ＴｈｅＶｏｉｃｅｓｏｆａｎ

IndonesianCouple ｗｏｍｅｎ＆careers _＊

SpaceShipEarth astronauts,words ^{＊ ＊}

５ＧＥＮＩＵＳＴａｉｓｈｕｋａｎ

ＡＶｉｅｗｆｒｏｍＳｐａｃｅ aｎｅｓｓａｙｂｙＴｅｚｕｋａＯｓａｍｕ ^＊

ＯＩｄＭａｎＲｉｖｅｒ tbesong叩OldManRiverD， ^＊

Ｂ１ｏｗｉｎｇｉｎｔｈｅＷｉｎｄ atomicbombvictimin

Hiroshima ^＊

PeterRabbitSaved

theLakeDistrict BeatrixPotter＆ｔｈｅNational

Trust ^＊

BioIogicaIPower ecosystem ^＊

ＴｈＴｅｅＤａｙｓｔｏＳｅｅ asuggestionfromHeIenKeIler

tｏｐｅｏｐｌｅｗｈｏｃａｎｓｅｅ ^＊

６ＳＰＥＣＴＲＵＭＫｉｒｉｈａｒａＳｈｏｔｅｎ FortunateinAlmost

EveryRespect StephenHawking ＊

ＴｈｅＭａｎＷｈｏＰｌａｎｔｅｄ anenvironmentalfantasyby

HopeandGrewHappinesslJeanGiono ^＊

"SaveOurEarth', ahighschoolstudent，sspeech atthe2ndMontreaIProtocoI Meeting

＊

TheThreeAstronauts ScienceFictionaboutprejudice

andconfIictbyUmbertoEco ^{＊ ＊} ７ＧＯ,ＥＮＧＬＩＳＨ！TokyoShoseki

Look,Read,ａｎｄＴｈｉｎｋ ４representativepicturesof globalissues:atomicbombing，

famine,deforestationand pouutionbyoiIspill

＊ ＊ ＊

SEwetheTrees1 waste＆recycIing ^＊ JohnLennon,theDreamer ｌｉｆｅ＆messElgeofJohnLennon ^＊

８ＮＥＷＷＯＲＬＤＳａｎｙｕｓｈａ

MotherEarth poeminpraiseofthebeautifuI

Earth ^{＊ ＊}

ＭｙＤｒｅａｍ ｈｅ]pingsickpeopleinAlricaas

ａｎｕｒｓｅ ＊

Ｄｏｎ０ｔＣａｎＭｅ１ recycIingDfaluminumcans ^＊

ＴｈｅＭｏｔｈｅｒｏｆＷｏｏｄＳ roleofbeechtrees ＊

MySchoo1Days aｎｅｓｓａｙｂｙＴｅｚｕｋａＯｓａｍｕ ^＊

Tobias DoWnDsSyndl･oｍｅ ^＊

SongIOrNadim YannAmdeI･sen,ｓｓｏｎｇ ^{＊ ＊ ＊} ９ＣＬｌＰＰＥＲＴａｉｓｈｕｋａｎ

ＡＷｉｎｄｏｗｏｎｔｈｅＷｏｒＩｄ normalizationDfthe

handicapped ^＊

Oishida,ＭｙＨｏｍｅｌｏｗｎ protectionoftlleGifu-cho

butterfｌｙ ^＊

Audreyl･Iepburn herbackg】℃uｎｄａｓａｇｏｏｄｗｉＩＩ

ambassadorfDrUNICEF ^{＊ ＊ ＊} ＷｈａｔＣａｎｌＤｏｆｏｒｔｈｅ

Environment？ questionnaire＆informationｏｎ

ourdaily］iIe ^＊

WildCe2s2 protectingwiIdspecies ^＊

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CuItuUres HinduismuwomenDsmovement，

theaborigimes ^＊

ADocumentfOrAllPeopIe ＴｈｏｍａｓJefferson＆ｔｈｅ

Declarationoflndependence ^＊

TheGreenhouseEffect ｔｈｅｇ斑enhouseeffect ^＊

ＨａｒｐｏｆＢｕｒｍａ asingingsceneexcerptedfrom

thestoTy ^＊

TheLesSonofHiStory α町２，sDSQ／IVbrlaHjSmがby

lVehru ^＊

ＥＮＧＬＩＳＨ２ １VISTASanseido

ThankYouVeryMLIch

fbrtbeJudoClothes presentingjudoclothesto

ajudoclubinNiger ^＊

Chernobyl expIosioninanuclearpower

planｔ ^＊

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GoodVibrations normaIizationofthe

handicapped ^＊

RachelCarson Sｶﾞﾉ“lSprj'zｇ ^＊

ＡＢｏｙＷｈｏＦｏｕｇｈｔＡＩＤＳ IｉｆｅｏｆＲｙａｎＷｈｉｔｅ ^＊

ＷｈｙDon・ｔＹｏｕＥｎｔｅｒ

aTriathIon？ normalizalionofthe

handicapped ^＊

ＴｈｅＯｌｄＭａｎａｎｄＨｉＳ

Grandson childrenosstorybytheBrother

Ｇｒｉｍｍ ^＊

＊

UnderseaFarmingunderseafarming ^＊

Oxfam anorganizationsupporting

deveIopingcountries ^＊

thejewishpeopleinEurope

ｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅＷ.Ｗ、Ⅱ ^{＊ ＊}

２ＵＮ]ＣＯＲＮＢｕｎ－ｅｉｄｏ ＡＳｒｉＬａｎｋａｎＳｔｕｄｅｎｔｉｎ

Japan foreignersinJapan ＊

BellindClosedWindows tｈｅｄｉａｒｙｏｆＡｎｎｅＦｒａｎｋ ^{＊ ＊}

Consumerism consumerismanditsproblems ^＊

TﾘｵｃＳｌｏ"｡/tAcTmppRJ加ibノ

Si刀酔沼ｂｙＭａｒｉａＡｕｇｕｓｔａ ^{＊ ＊}

＊＊

ＩBelieve A1bertEinstein,ｓｅｓｓａｙ ^{＊ ＊} ３ＭＩＬＥＳＴＯＮＥＫｅｉｒｉｎｋａｎ

GirIsvs・Ｂｏｙｓ stereotypingofbothgenders ^＊

StephenHawking Ｈａｗｋｉｎｇ，scareer＆ＡＬＳ ^＊

ItadakimasuI Ｃ､Ｗ,NicoI'ｓｉｄｅａｓｏｎ［oｏｄａｎｄ

ｎａｔｕｒｅ ^＊

IOOHandkerchiefs considerationforoIdpeople ^＊ ＴｈｃＳｅｃｏｎｄＴｉｍｅＡｒｏｕｎｄ ScienceFictionaboulnucIear

ｗａ「 ^＊

＊

DisappearingSpecies destructionofecosystems

IntheNameofCiviIization historyoftheNativeAmericans ｜＊

４１〕ＯＷＷＯＷＢｕｎ－ｅｉｄｏ

EarthＤａｙ historyofEarthDay ^＊

ＷｉｎｄＰｏｗｅｒ ｗｉｎｄｐｏｗｅｒ ^＊ JapanasForeignStudents

Sｅｅｌｔ disc｢iminationagainst

foreigners ^｜＊

ＵｎｄｅＴｔｈｅＡｔｏｍｉｃＣ１ｏｕｄ atomicbombvictimsin

Nagasaki ^＊

MarianAnderson thefirstblacksingerinthe

MetropolitanOpera ^＊

５ＳＰＥＣＴＲＵＭＫｉｒｉｈａｒａＳｈｏｔｅｎ

BeingaVoIunteer VolunteeringinCaIcutta ^＊

ＨｏｗＤｏＹｏｕＵｓｅＷａｔｅｒ？ hｏｗｔｏｕｓｅｗａｔｅｒ ^＊

DearPresidentReagan JapaneseandU.Ｓ､war

veteranson】ｗｏＪｉｍａ ^＊ TheGreatWhale,ｓ

Mistake ａｃｏＩｕｍｎｏｎｓｅａｐｏＩｌｕｔｉｏｎｂｙ

RusseⅡBaker ^＊

ＴｈｅＭｉｒａｃｌｅｏｆＬｏｖｅ miraculousachievementby

thehandicapped ^＊

６ＧＥＮＩＵＳＴａｉｓｈｕｋａｎ

IndependenceDogs independencedogsfor

handicappedpeopIe ^＊

TheFirstAmericans culture＆ｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆｔｈｅ

NativeAmericans ^{＊ ＊}

RanaIdMacDonald aheroofNativeAmerjcan

extraction ^＊

SaveOurEnvironment waste＆recycling ^＊

７ＣＲＯＷＮＳａｎｓｅｉｄｏ RoaldDahrsGuideto

Rai]ｗａｙSafety airpoⅡｕｔｉｏｎｂｙｃａｒｓ _＊

IＡｍＤａｖｉｄ aconcentrationcampinthe

ＣＳＳＲｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅＣｏＩｄＷａＴ ^＊ FreedomfromFear ＡｕｎｇＳａｎＳｕｕＫｙｉａｎｄｈｅｒ

ｗｏｒｋｆＯｒＭｙａｎｍａｒ ^{＊ ＊}

ＯｕｒＡｎｇｒｙＥａｒｔｈ wamingarticIeson

environmenta］issues ^＊

８ＮＥＷＨＯＲＩＺＯＮＴｏｋｙｏＳｈｏｓｅｋｉ

TheGrowingDeserts causes＆TesuItsof

desertification ^{＊ ＊}

VisasforSixThoqIsand

Lives theJapaneseConsulwho

savedmanyJewishpeople ^{＊ ＊} ＩＢｅｃａｍｅＨｅｒＴａｒｇｅｔ prejudiceagainst

African-Americans ^＊

203

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ョＰｏＤｕｌｌａｔｍｎＥｘＤｌＯｓｉｃ

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ｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓ ＊

９ＤＲＥＡＭ､ＭＡＫＥＲＳａｎｓｅｉｄｏ

MyAdorableLiars stereotypingof

African-Americans ^＊

Fromａ``MeltingPotD'ｔｏ

ａ“SaIadBowl” identityofimmigrants

ｉｎｔｂｅＵＳ． ^＊

ＭｙＯｗｎＳｔｏｒｙ ａｓｐｅｅｃｈｂｙＲｙａｎＷｈｉｔｅ,ａｎ

ＡＩＤＳｖｉｃｔｉｍ ^＊

EvervoneE1selsDoinglt ａｃｏＩｕｍｎｏｎｇａｒｂａｇｅｂｙＡｎｄｙ

Rooney ^＊

LapuIapuandMageⅡaｎ thebattleofMactananda non･ＥｕＴｏｐｅａｎｐｏｉｎｔｏｆｖｉｅｗｏｎ Magellan，svoyage

＊

ＷｅＤｒｅｉｎＴｈｉｓＴｈｉｎｇ

Together independencedogsfor

handicappedpeople ^＊

l０ＮＥＷＷＯＲＬＤＳａｎｙｕｓｈａ

ＡＬｅｔｔｅｒｆｒｏｍＯｚｅ destructionofnaturaI

environment ^＊

Soulofthelncas history＆cultureofthelncas ^＊ ＡＲｏｓｅＣａⅡｅｄ`oPeaceD, arosethalsurvivedW.Ｗ，Ⅱ ^＊ ＣａｎＹｏｕＢｕｙｔｈｅＳｋｙ？ NativeAmericans・ｖｉｅｗｏｆ

lheirland ^{＊ ＊}

BananasSpeak meaningofplantationsin

developingcountries ^{＊ ＊ ＊}

TheYoungSpringsteen theVietnamWar ^＊

ＲＥＡＤＩＮＧ

］ＳＰＥＣＴＲＵＭＫｉｒｉｈａｒａＳｈｏｔｅｎ

ＡＳｅｃＴｅｔｆｏｒＴｗｏ friendshipbetweenanoldman

andhishorse ^＊

Ａ`Modern,CindereⅡａ afeministinterpTetaiionon

CinderelIa ^＊

TheEcoIogicalParadox thehypocriticalaspectof

theecologymovement ^{＊ ＊}

IHaveaDream themarchinWashington＆

Rev､Ｋｉｎｇ,sspeech ^{＊ ＊}

ThereWiⅡＣｏｍｅＳｏｆｔ

Rains ScienceFictionabout

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ThePopuIationExplosion populationexplosion ^{＊ ＊}

ＤＰ

DｏｔｂａｌｌＦ

．

AmeTica-TheMelting

Pot？ identityofimmigTants ＊

TeacheT AnneSullivan＆herteacI1ing ^＊ ChiefJoseph・sAppeal requesLIO】･humanriglllsfor

NativeAmericans ^＊

TheGreenhouseEffect thegreenhouseeffect ^＊

StevieWonder biographyofStevieWonder ^{＊ ＊} TheConcludingSpeGchof

theDict2tor ascencGfrom

TyJeC池ﾛﾉDickz【oｒ ^{＊ ＊}

３ＵＮＩＣＯＲＮＢｕｍ－ｅｉｄｏ LovClsGivingUntillt

Hurts life＆principlesofMotheR.

Teresa ^{＊ ＊}

TricolorpFIutterin

theＷｉｎｄ！ ParisunderGerman

Occupation ^＊

ADeafChiIdListened 巴ducatonfordeafstudents ^＊ ＴｈｅＭａｎＷｈｏＰｌａｎｌｅｄ

Trees anenvironmentalfantasyby

JeanGiono ^＊

４ＰＯＷＷＯＷＢｕｎ･eido

TheWaywardWhale rescueofabeachedwha]ｅ ^＊

MahatmaGandl]ｉ ｈｉｓｐ】･incipleforthe

independenceoflndia ^{＊ ＊ ＊} ＡＣｒｙｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＷｉｌｄ protectirlgorphanedAfrican

elephants ^＊

SilentSpring RachelCarson＆Ｓｉｌｃ?ltSP汀塘 ^＊

ThreeScenesfrom

FYdロルro〃ｔｈｅＲｏｑ／ perseculiollofJewishpeopleiTl

CzaristRussia ^＊

５ＥＮＧＬＩＳＨ２１ＲＥＡＤＯＫ１TokyoShoseki

PabloCaSals biographyofPabloCasals ^{端 ＊} IwasaMadHousehusband sharingofhousework ^＊

RattIcsnaI[e！ NativeAmericamculture ^{＊ ＊}

TheFootballPIayer identityofJapaneseAmericans ^掌 Ｍｙ１〕eElrCamera aletterofArthurAshclorhis

daughteromracjsm＆sexism ^＊ ６ＧＥＮｌＵＳＴａｉｓｈｕｌｋｍ

ＴｈｅＲｅｄＳｋｉｒｔ warorphansIeftinChina ^＊

EnglishinthePhilippines indentityofFi】ipinos ^{＊ ＊} ＴｈｅＳｉｌ[haValleyLifeline Japanesevolunteers,

contributiontoNepal ^{＊ ＊}

205

ＪＲ１ＺＯＮＴｏｋｖｏＳｈｏｓｆ EＩｏｆＰＰ

Ｈｎｚｕｎｌａｌｌ｡、ｒ⑪

ｇｒｃ

７ＣＲＯＷＮＳａｎｓｅｉｄｏ ＴｈｅＣｈｉｌｄＷｈｏＮｅｖｅｒ

Ｇｒｏｗｓ lhesufferingofamotherofa babywithacongenitalmental

handicap ^＊

JaneEyre femmismmIiterature ＊

Ｍａ】･thavtheLonIiestBil.。 extinctionofth

plgeonS epassenger _＊

ＳｏｍｅＭｅａｎｉｎｇｓｏｆ

Blackness socialstatus＆onomasticsof

･African-Amerlcarls, ^{の ＊} SilentS ｐｒｍｇ anexcerptfromSil⑪『ＩＳＰ坊２９

＆oneofCarson,sspeeches ^＊

ＴｈｅＴｅｓｔｉｍｏｎｙｏｆａｎ

IndianChief NativeAmericans↑ｖｉｅｗｏｆ

theirｌａｎｄ ^{＊ ＊}

Preparingforthe

Twenty-firstCentury ^agrow popula nggapbetween

ion＆resources ^{＊ ＊ ＊}

SavetheLoftyTrees anenvironmentalplay ^＊

TheMerchantofVenice arGteⅡiｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｐＩａｙ ^＊ ８ＮＥＷＨＯＲＩＺＯＮＴｏｋｙｏＳｈｏｓｅｋｉ

AnIslandofPeace Japamese＆Ｕ､Ｓ､warveterams

oｎＩｗｏＪｉｍａ ^＊

Ｐapa,thePhilosopher identityof1talian・Americans ^＊ TheSacred“RacUp asatireontheAmerican

automobi】ecuIture ^＊

Ｋｒａｍｅｒｖｓ･Ｋｒａｍｅｒ Ｋ、"z”DshK趣加②７ ^＊

AdapiationforSurvivaI Survivaladaptation＆

extinction ^＊

ＬｉｆｅＩｓＫｏｔＦ StephenHawking，scareeT＆

ＡＬＳ ^＊

ThcLittleRiders pmtectingacultura］heritage

duringW.Ｗ、Ⅱ ^＊

ＡＰｒｏｍｉｓｅ ashortstoryofmercyI《iＩＩｉｎｇ

ｂｙＮａｄｉｎｃＧｏｒｄｉｍｅｒ ^＊

ＴｈｅＷｅｂｏｆＬｉｆｅ NativeAmericans,ｖｉｅｗｏｆ

theirIand ^{＊ ＊}

９ＮＥＷＳＴＡＧＥＩｋｅｄａＳｈｏｔｅｍ

'rｈｅＯＩｄＯｌｙｍｐｉｃＧａｍｅｓ theoriginalspirito『the

ＯｌｙｍｐｉｃＧａｍｅｓ ^＊

AgingPopulations theｐ1℃bｌｅｍｏｆｔｈｅａｇｅｄ ^＊ SoybeansoSoybeans，

Soybeans populationexplosion＆ｆｏｏｄ

shortage ^＊

DyingForests destructionofanancient

ecosystem ^＊

CommodorePerry fearofdifferentcultu塊ｓ ^＊ l０ＭＡＩＮＳＴＲＥＡＭＺｏｓｈｉｎｄｏ

ＷｈａｔＫｉｄｓＷａｎｔａｎｄＮｅｅｄ

tｏＫＹＩｏｗａｂｏｕｔＡＩＤＳ medicalinfOTmation＆astory ofal7-yea限oldfemaleAIDS victimwhoseemstoｈａｖｅｇｏｔ thediseasefromsexual intercourse

＊

DidtheUniverseHavea

Beginning？ StephenHawkingisacademic

Career＆hisstrugglewithALS ^＊ ＡＴｒｉｐｏｎｔｈｅＳｏｕｌＴＴａｉｎ Thehistoryofsoulmusic＆

African-AmeJ･icansintheU.Ｓ、 ^{＊ ＊}