(5) ᴫせ z ◊✲⫼ᬒ ࣘࣅ࢟ࢱࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸࣥࢢ࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀ⪺ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚ஂࡋ ࠸ࡀࠊ┤ヂࡍࡿࠕ㐢ᅾࡍࡿࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸࣥࢢࠖ࡞ࡿࡇࡽࠊࢥࣥ ࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢆᐇୡ⏺ࡢ⮳ࡿᡤᏑᅾࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ⌮ゎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ ࡀ ከ ࠸ ࠋࡋ ࡋ ࡞ ࡀ ࡽ ࠊMark Weiser ࡀ 1991 ᖺ
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(2) ii.
(3) ຍ㏿ᗘ䝉䞁䝃䜢ά⏝䛧䛯≧ἣㄆ㆑ ᢏ⾡䛸䝠䝳䞊䝬䞁䜲䞁䝍䝣䜵䞊䝇䜈 䛾ᛂ⏝ 㻌 A Study on Context Awareness Using an Accelerometer and Its Applications to Human Interface 2017 ᖺ 3 ᭶. ᪩✄⏣ᏛᏛ㝔㻌 ඛ㐍⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉㻌 㻌 㻌. ෆ㻌 ୍ᡂ㻌 Kazushige OUCHI. iii.
(4) iv.
(5) ᴫせ z ◊✲⫼ᬒ ࣘࣅ࢟ࢱࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸࣥࢢ࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀ⪺ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚ஂࡋ ࠸ࡀࠊ┤ヂࡍࡿࠕ㐢ᅾࡍࡿࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸࣥࢢࠖ࡞ࡿࡇࡽࠊࢥࣥ ࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢆᐇୡ⏺ࡢ⮳ࡿᡤᏑᅾࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ⌮ゎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ ࡀ ከ ࠸ ࠋࡋ ࡋ ࡞ ࡀ ࡽ ࠊMark Weiser ࡀ 1991 ᖺ Ⓨ ⾲ ࡋ ࡓ The Computer for the 21st Century ࠸ ࠺ ㄽ ᩥ ࡛ ᭱ ึ ࡇ ࡢ ᴫ ᛕ ࢆ ᥦ ၐ ࡋ ࡓ 㝿 ࠊ ࡑ ࡢ 㢟 ࡣ ࠕ Specialized elements of hardware and software, connected by wires, radio waves and infrared, will be so ubiquitous that no one will notice their presence࡛ࠖ ࠶ ࡾ ࠊᮏ ᩥ ࡣࠕ The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it. ࠖ ࠸ ࠺ ୍ ᩥ ࡛ ᭩ ࡁጞࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊᐇୡ⏺ࡢ⮳ࡿᡤࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢆᏑᅾࡉࡏ ࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ༑ศ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࠊ ࡑࡢᜠᜨࢆாཷ࡛ࡁࡿ⤌ࡳࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡀࣘࣅ࢟ࢱࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸ ࣥࢢࡢᮏ㉁࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࡑࡢᜠᜨࢆாཷࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊ ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡀᡃࠎே㛫࿘ᅖࡢ≧ἣࢆ⌮ゎࡋࠊࡑࡢேࡢࡑࡢⅬࡢ≧ἣ ᛂࡌ࡚㐺ษ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ㐺ษ࡞ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ࡛ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡀ⫢せ࡞ ࡿࠋᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡀே㛫ࡢ≧ἣࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿᢏ⾡ࢆ≧ἣㄆ㆑ 㸦 Context Awareness㸧ᢏ ⾡ ࡧ ࠊࡑ ࡢ ே ࡢ ⾜ ື ࡸ ᗣ ≧ ែ ࠊࡉ ࡽ ࡣ ᶵ ჾ ࢆ ᧯ స ࡋ ࡼ ࠺ ࡍ ࡿ ព ᅗ 㸦 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࢆ Context ⥲ ⛠ ࡍ ࡿ 㸧 ࢆ ㄆ ㆑ ࡋ ࠊ ࡑ ࢀᇶ࡙࠸ࡓ㐺ษ࡞ࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆࢱ࣒࣮ࣜᥦ౪ࡍࡿࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࠊᶵჾ᧯ సࡢᨭࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࢆᥦࡋࡓࠋ. z ᮏㄽᩥࡢᵓᡂ ➨ 㸯 ❶ ࠕ ᗎ ㄽ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ ࠊ ࡲ ࡎ ࠊ ࣘ ࣅ ࢟ ࢱ ࢫ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ ࣗ ࣮ ࢸ ࣥ ࢢ ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ IoT 㸦 Internet of Things 㸧ࡢ ᮏ ᮶ ࡢ ᴫ ᛕ ࢆ ᩚ ⌮ ࡋ ࠊࠕ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ ࣗ ࣮ ࢱ ࡢ Ꮡ ᅾ ࢆ ព ㆑ ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࠊඛ㐍ⓗ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࠖࡇࡀࠊᚋࡢࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗ ࢸࣥࢢᢏ⾡ࡀ┠ᣦࡍࡁ᪉ྥᛶ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿ⨨࡙ࡅࡓࠋࡑࡢୖ ࡛ ࠊ Situation Awareness㸦 ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ 㸧 ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ㄝ ᫂ ࡋ ࡓ Endsley ࡢ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝᇶ࡙ࡁࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇࡢ࡞࠸ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᥦ౪ᐇ⌧ ࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡋ࡚ࠊㄡ࡛ࡶᢅ࠸ࡸࡍ࠸ࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࠊࡉࡽࡣ᧯ సࡋ࡞࠸ࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢᐇ⌧ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࠊ ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡀே㛫ࡢ≧ἣࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࠊࡑࢀᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࣄ. v.
(6) ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫᛂ⏝㛵ࡍࡿ◊✲ྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔᮏㄽᩥࡢ㈉⊩ࡘ ࠸࡚ㄝ᫂ࡋࡓࠋ ➨㸰❶ࠕ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࠖࡣࠊࡲࡎ⏕ά⩦័㸭࣓ࢱ ࣎ࣜࢵࢡࢩࣥࢻ࣮࣒ࣟᑐ⟇ࡢ⌧≧ศᯒࢆ་⒪ᚑ⪅ࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝ➼ ࡼࡾᐇࡋࠊ⏕ά⩦័ࡢ⮬ᕫ⟶⌮㸦⾜ືኚᐜ㸧ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ ࡢᚲせᛶࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡑࡢୖ࡛ࠊᡭ㍍࡛☜ᐇ࡞⏕ά⩦័⟶⌮ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࢩࢫ ࢸ࣒ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺࢆ᳨ウࡋࠊ⭎ィᆺ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝࢭࣥࢧእ㒊ሗ➃ᮎࢆ 㐃ᦠࡉࡏࡓ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᥦࡋࡓࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ࢙࢘ࣛࣈ ࣝࢹࣂࢫࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏࡓάື㔞ィࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀከࡃᐇ⏝ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢⲡศࡅⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋලయⓗࡣࠊຍ㏿ ᗘࠊ⬦ἼࠊⓎờࠊ⓶. ࡞ࡢከᵝ࡞⏕యሗࢆࢭࣥࢩࣥࢢྍ⬟࡞࢙࢘. ࣛࣈࣝࢭࣥࢧࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⏕ά⩦័ࠊᗣ≧ែ㛵ࢃࡿ≧ἣㄆ ㆑ᢏ⾡ࢆ㛤ⓎࡋࡓࠋṌ⾜ࠊ㉮⾜࡞ࡢ⾜ືṌᩘࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ⬦ᢿᩘ࡞ࡢ⏕ యሗࡢぢ࠼ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝࢭࣥࢧ࡛ᗣ⟶⌮ୖ㔜せ࡛࠶ ࡿ㣗࣋ࣥࢺࢆ⢭ᗘⰋࡃ᳨ฟྍ⬟ࡋࡓⅬࡀ≉㛗࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㣗࣋ࣥࢺ ࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ㣗ࡢࢱ࣑ࣥࢢᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ㸦㣗࣓ࢽ࣮ࣗ ධຊᨭࠊ᭹⸆⟶⌮ࠊ⾑⢾್ィ. ⟶⌮࡞㸧ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊྲྀᚓࡋࡓ. ࣮ࣘࢨࡢ≧ἣᇶ࡙࠸࡚ࠊ⏕ά⩦័ᨵၿ㸦⾜ືኚᐜ㸧ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢻࣂࢫ ࢆࢱ࣒࣮ࣜᥦ౪ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢព⩏ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡓࠋ ➨㸱❶ࠕ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࡑࡢᛂ⏝࡛ࠖࡣࠊ㏆ᖺ╀ᝎࡴே ࡀቑຍࡋࠊ♫ၥ㢟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ╧╀≧ែࢆヲ⣽ᢕᥱࡍࡿ ࡓࡵࡣࠊᑓ㛛タᐟἩࡋࠊ⬻Ἴィ࡞ከᩘࡢࢭࣥࢧࢆ㌟య୰╔ࡍ ࡿ⤊ኪ╧╀࣏ࣜࢢࣛࣇ᳨ᰝࢆ⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ⌧≧ࡽࠊ⮬Ꮿ࡛ᡭ㍍╧╀ ≧ែࢆࢳ࢙ࢵࢡྍ⬟࡞ࢭࣥࢧࡢᚲせᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊ╧╀ィ. ࣇ࢛࣮࢝ࢫࡋ. ࡓ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋෆⶶࡋࡓຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧ⬦Ἴࢭࣥ ࢧࡢሗࡽヲ⣽╧╀≧ែࢆゎᯒྍ⬟ࡍࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊຍ㏿ᗘࡢሗࡽ╧╀㸭ぬ㓰ࢆุᐃࡍࡿࠋḟࠊ⬦Ἴࡽࣟࣂ ࢫࢺྲྀᚓࡋࡓ⬦Ἴ㛫㝸ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘゎᯒࡼࡾ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ࡢ≧ែࢆ᥎ᐃࡋࠊ⮬ ᚊ ⚄ ⤒ ╧ ╀ ≧ ែ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 㛵 ಀ ࡽ REM ╧ ╀ 㸭 NREM ╧ ╀ ࠊ ╧ ╀ ῝ ᗘ ࡞ ࡢヲ⣽࡞╧╀≧ែࢆุᐃࡍࡿࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆᥦࡋࡓࠋᡭ㤳࠾ࡅࡿ⬦ Ἴィ 㛫㝸ィ. 㐺ࡋࡓἼ㛗ࡀ⥳Ⰽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊࣀࢬᙉ࠸⊂⮬ࡢ⬦Ἴ ᡭἲྜࢃࡏ࡚ᡭ㤳࠾ࡅࡿᏳᐃࡋࡓ⬦Ἴィ. ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓⅬࠊಶ. ேᕪࡸ᪥ෆኚືࡢᙳ㡪ࣟࣂࢫࢺ࡞ࢡࣛࢫࢱࣜࣥࢢᡭἲࢆᥦࡋࡓⅬ࡞ ࡀ ᢏ ⾡ ⓗ ࡞ ࣏ ࣥ ࢺ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ⿕ 㦂 ⪅ 45 ྡ ࡼ ࡿ ⤊ ኪ ╧ ╀ ࣏ ࣜ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ᮏ ࢭ ࣥࢧࡢྠィ. ᐇ㦂࡛ࡢ୍⮴ᗘ㸦࣏ࣜࢢࣛࣇࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᑓ㛛་ࡀ┠どุ࡛ᐃ. ࡋ ࡓ ⤖ ᯝ ᮏ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡼ ࡿ ⮬ ື ุ ᐃ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸧 ࡣ 73.5%࡛ ࠊ ᅾ Ꮿ ࡛ ࠼ ࡿ ⡆ ᫆ࣔࢽࢱࡋ࡚ࡣ༑ศ࡞ᛶ⬟ࢆ㐩ᡂࡋࠊ⮬Ꮿࡸእฟඛ࡛ࡢᡭ㍍࡞╧╀≧ែ. vi.
(7) ᢕᥱࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊᛌ㐺┠ぬࡵࡽࢀࡿࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ㸦╧╀≧ែ㸧ࢆ ㄪ ᰝ ࡋ ࡓ ⤖ ᯝ ࠊREM ╧ ╀ ㉳ ᗋ ࡉ ࡏ ࡿ ᛌ 㐺 ┠ ぬ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ഴ ྥ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇࡀࢃࡾࠊ᪥ࠎࡢ⏕ά࡛ᛌ㐺࡞┠ぬࡲࡋࢆᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡋ ࡓࠋ ➨㸲❶ࠕࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࣜࣝࢱ࣒⏕ά⾜ືㄆ㆑ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖ ࡛ࡣࠊᬑཬࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ୍࢛ࣥ⯡ⓗᦚ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿຍ㏿ᗘ ࢭࣥࢧࠊ㏻ヰ⏝ࡢ࣐ࢡࢆ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࡋ࡚✚ᴟⓗά⏝ࡋࠊ≉ู࡞ࢭࣥ ࢧ㸭ࢹࣂࢫࢆ⏝ࡏࡎࠊᙜヱࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆࣥࢫࢺ࣮ࣝࡋࡓࢫ ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࢆᣢࡕṌࡃࡔࡅ࡛ᵝࠎ࡞᪥ᖖ⏕ά⾜ືࢆ㐃⥆ⓗᢕᥱࡍࡿ≧ ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࢆᥦࡋࡓࠋࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥ㸭ᦠᖏ㟁ヰᦚ㍕ࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᪤ Ꮡ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᒇእࡢ⛣ື≧ἣࣇ࢛࣮࢝ࢫࡋࡓ⾜ືㄆ㆑ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ ࡓࡀࠊᒇෆࡢᵝࠎ࡞⏕ά⾜ືࡢ㧗⢭ᗘ࡞ㄆ㆑ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓⅬࡀ࣏ࣥࢺ࡛࠶ ࡿ ࠋ ࡲ ࡎ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢆ ࡶ ࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ࡢ ≧ ែ ࢆ ࠕ Ṍ ⾜ ࠖࠕ స ᴗ ࠖࠕ Ᏻ 㟼 ࠖ ࡢ 3 ≧ ែ ࡲ ᥎ ᐃ ࡋ ࠊࠕ స ᴗ ࠖ ᥎ ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ሙ ྜ ࠊ࣐ ࢡ ࡽ ࡢ 㡢 ࢆ ศ ᯒ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡼ ࡾ స ᴗ ෆ ᐜ ࢆ ⣽ ࡃ ศ 㢮 ࡍ ࡿ ࠋࡲ ࡓ ࠊ⏕ ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ⤖ ᯝ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡞ ࡃ ࠊ ྠ୍సᴗ༊㛫༢࡛⾜ືࡢ✀ูࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ࣮࣋ࢫㄆ㆑ᡭἲࡢᑟධ ࡼ ࡾ ㄆ ㆑ ᛶ ⬟ ࡀ ྥ ୖ ࡋ ࠊࠕ ṑ ☻ ࡁ ࠖࠕ ࢺ ࣞ ࠖࠕ ᤲ 㝖 ᶵ ࡀ ࡅ ࠖࠕ ─ Ὑ ࠸ ࠖ࡞ ࠊ ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧࡔࡅ࡛ࡣㄆ㆑ࡀ㞴ࡋࡗࡓᵝࠎ࡞⏕ά⾜ືࢆ⢭ᗘⰋ ࡃ ㄆ ㆑ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࢆ ྍ ⬟ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ 㧗 㱋 ⪅ ࡶ ྵ ࡴ 21 ྡ ࡼ ࡿ ホ ౯ ᐇ 㦂 ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ ࠊ ࠕ ─ Ὑ ࠸ ࠖࠕ ࣟ ࣥ ࡀ ࡅ ࠖࠕ ᤲ 㝖 ᶵ ࡀ ࡅ ࠖࠕ ṑ ☻ ࡁ ࠖࠕ ࢻ ࣛ ࣖ ࣮ ࠖࠕ ࢺ ࣞ Ỉ Ὑ 㸭 ᡭ Ὑ ࠸ ࠖ ࡢ 6 ✀ 㢮 ࡢ ⏕ ά ⾜ ື ࢆ ᖹ ᆒ 91.4%ࡢ ⢭ ᗘ ࡛ ㄆ ㆑ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡇ ࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࣟ࣎ࢵࢺࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࡢ㐃ᦠຠᯝࠊ㞳ࢀ࡚ᬽࡽࡍ ᐙ᪘ࡢࡉࡾࡆ࡞࠸ぢᏲࡾࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡞ࠊᥦᡭἲࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢྍ ⬟ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㏙ࡓࠋ ➨㸳❶ࠕࢭࣥࢧ㥑ືࣁࣥࢻ࣊ࣝࢻᆺ㡢ኌㄆ㆑ධຊᡭἲ␒⤌᳨⣴ࡢᛂ ⏝࡛ࠖࡣࠊ㡢ኌㄆ㆑ධຊࢆ᪥ᖖⓗ࠺ࡓࡵᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࣁࣥࢻ࣊ࣝࢻᆺ࣐ ࢡ࠾ࡅࡿㄢ㢟ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣊ࢵࢻࢭࢵࢺᆺ࣐ࢡẚ࡚ㄆ㆑⢭ᗘࡀຎࡿ ࡇࠊ㡢ኌㄆ㆑ࡢ㛤ጞ⤊ࢆ࣮ࣘࢨࡀ࣎ࢱࣥ᧯స࡛ᣦ♧ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ ࡇࢆᣲࡆࠊࡑࡢゎỴ᪉ἲࡋ࡚ຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧ㊥㞳ࢭࣥࢧࢆෆⶶࡋࡓࣁ ࣥࢻ࣊ࣝࢻᆺ࣐ࢡࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࠊࡑࢀᑐࡍࡿ࣮ࣘࢨࡢⓎヰືసࢆ᳨▱ࡍࡿ ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࢆᥦࡋࠊ୧ㄢ㢟ᑐࡍࡿᑐ⟇ࡑࡢຠᯝࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡓࠋ ࡲ ࡓ ࠊ ⌧ ≧ 㠀 ᖖ ᡭ 㛫 ࡀ ࡿ TV ࡢ ␒ ⤌ ᳨ ⣴ ᧯ స ᥦ ᡭ ἲ ࡼ ࡿ 㡢 ኌ ㄆ㆑ධຊࢆά⏝ࡍࡿࡶࠊேྡ␒⤌ྡࡢゝ࠸࠼ᑐᛂࡍࡿ⤌ࡳ ࢆ᪂ࡓᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊᚑ᮶ࡢࣜࣔࢥࣥ᧯సࡼࡿ␒⤌᳨⣴ࡼࡾࡶࠊ᧯ స ࡲ ࡛ ࡢ ᡤ せ 㛫 ࢆ ⣙ 40㸣 ▷ ⦰ ࡋ ࡓ ࣄ ࣗ ࣮ ࣐ ࣥ ࣥ ࢱ ࣇ ࢙ ࣮ ࢫ ࡘ ࠸࡚㏙ࡓࠋ. vii.
(8) ➨ 㸴 ❶ࠕ ⤖ ㄽ ࡛ࠖ ࡣ ࠊୖ ㏙ ࡢ ྛ ◊ ✲ ᡂ ᯝ ࢆ ⥲ ᣓ ࡋ ࡓ ⤖ ㄽ ࡋ ࡚ ࠊࠕ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ ࣮ࣗࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࠊඛ㐍ⓗ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࠖࡓࡵ ࡣࠊຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧ㸩α ࡼࡿࢡࣟࢫ࣮ࣔࢲࣝ≧ἣㄆ㆑ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ ㏙ࡓࠋពᅗࡢ࠶ࡿே≀ືస㸭⾜ືࡣࠊࡑࡢከࡃࡢሙྜ㌟యࡢࢲࢼ ࣑ࢵࢡ࡞ືࡁࡀక࠸ࠊࡇࢀࢆຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧ࡛ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ≧ἣㄆ㆑ࡢᇶᮏ ࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢୖ࡛ࠊ┠ⓗ࣭࣮ࣘࢫࢣ࣮ࢫᛂࡌ࡚ࠊㄆ㆑ᑐ㇟ࡢືస㸭⾜ື ࡢ⢏ᗘࢆ⣽ࡃࡍࡿࠊ⢭ᗘࢆୖࡆࡿࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔࡞ே㛫ࡢෆ㒊 ≧ែࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢྲྀᚓ㐺ࡋࡓࢭࣥࢧࢆຍ㏿ᗘ ࢭࣥࢧ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚⏝ࡍࡿࢡࣟࢫ࣮ࣔࢲࣝ࡞≧ἣㄆ㆑ࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋࡉ ࡽ ࠊ⌧ ᅾ ࡢ ື స 㸭 ⾜ ື ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ࡽ ࠊᑗ ᮶ ࡢ ື స 㸭 ⾜ ື ࢆ ண. ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ. ࣮ࣘࢨࡢពᅗࢆඛㄞࡳࡋ᧯సせ࡛ᡤᮃࡢࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟ ࡞ ࡿ ࡛ ࠶ ࢁ ࠺ ࠋ ࡇ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ࡣ ᚑ ᮶ ࡢ Ỵ ᐃ ㄽ ⓗ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡼ ࡿ Reactive Computing ࡽ ࠊ☜ ⋡ ㄽ ⓗ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡼ ࡿ Proactive Computing ࢆ ࢡ ࣟ ࢫ ࣔ ࣮ࢲࣝ≧ἣㄆ㆑ࡼࡾᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᚋࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲ࡢ㐍ᒎࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࡇ ࢆ㏙ࡓࠋ. viii.
(9) ┠ḟ 1 㸯㸬ᗎㄽ ··············································· 13 1 㸯 㸬 㸯 ◊ ✲ ⫼ ᬒ ........................................................... 13 㸯 㸬 㸰 ᮏ ◊ ✲ ࡢ ┠ ⓗ ...................................................... 2 㸯 㸬 㸱 ᮏ ㄽ ᩥ ࡢ ᵓ ᡂ ...................................................... 4. 㸰㸬࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ ··············· 7 㸰 㸬 㸯 ࡣ ࡌ ࡵ ............................................................. 7 㸰 㸬 㸰 ᚑ ᮶ ◊ ✲ ............................................................. 7 㸰 㸬 㸱 ࢥ ࣥ ࢭ ࣉ ࢺ ᳨ ウ ................................................... 8 㸰 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸯 ࣥ ࢣ ࣮ ࢺ ㄪ ᰝ ................................................... 8 㸰 㸬㸱 㸬㸰 ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ᗣ ⟶ ⌮ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ ࡢ ࢥ ࣥ ࢭ ࣉ ࢺ .................................................................................. 12. 㸰 㸬 㸲 ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ ᵓ ᡂ .................................................... 13 㸰 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸯 య ᴫ せ ........................................................... 13 㸰 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸰 ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ....................... 14 㸰 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸱 ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡛ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ .................................... 16 㸰 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸲 PDA ࡛ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ............................................. 18 㸰 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸳 ࢱ ࣒ ࣜ ࣮ ࡞ ሗ ᥦ ౪ ....................................... 22. 㸰 㸬 㸳 ࡲ ࡵ .............................................................. 25. 㸱㸬࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࡑࡢᛂ⏝ ······· 26 㸱 㸬 㸯 ࡣ ࡌ ࡵ ........................................................... 26 㸱 㸬 㸰 ᚑ ᮶ ◊ ✲ ........................................................... 26 㸱 㸬 㸱 ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ╧ ╀ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡢ 㛤 Ⓨ .......................... 27. ix.
(10) 㸱 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸯 ᚰ ᢿ ኚ ື ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡓ ╧ ╀ ゎ ᯒ ................................. 27 㸱 㸬㸱 㸬㸰 ᡭ 㤳 ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ࣟ ࣂ ࢫ ࢺ ࡞ ⬦ Ἴ ィ. ᡭἲ. ........................................................................................... 28 㸱 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸱 ⮬ ᚊ ⚄ ⤒ ゎ ᯒ ᡭ ἲ .............................................. 33 㸱 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸲 ⮬ ᚊ ⚄ ⤒ ά ື ࡽ ࡢ ╧ ╀ ゎ ᯒ ᡭ ἲ ....................... 34 㸱 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸳 ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ╧ ╀ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ .................................... 35 㸱 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸴 ホ ౯ ᐇ 㦂 ........................................................... 37. 㸱 㸬 㸲 ᛌ 㐺 ┠ ぬ ࡲ ࡋ ᶵ ⬟ ࡢ ᳨ ウ .................................... 39 㸱 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸯 ࣜ ࣝ ࢱ ࣒ ╧ ╀ ゎ ᯒ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ .......................... 39 㸱 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸰 ௬ ㄝ ᳨ ド ........................................................... 41 㸱 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸱 ᛌ 㐺 ┠ ぬ ࡲ ࡋ ᶵ ⬟ .............................................. 42. 㸱 㸬 㸳 ࡲ ࡵ .............................................................. 44. 㸲 㸬ࢫ ࣐ ࣮ࢺࣇ ࢛ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ ࣜ ࣝ ࢱ ࣒ ⏕ά ⾜ືㄆ㆑ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ ···································· 45 㸲 㸬 㸯 ࡣ ࡌ ࡵ ........................................................... 45 㸲 㸬 㸰 ᚑ ᮶ ◊ ✲ ........................................................... 46 㸲 㸬 㸱 ຍ ㏿ ᗘ 㡢 ࡼ ࡿ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ................................ 47 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸯 ㄆ ㆑ ᑐ ㇟ ࡍ ࡿ ⏕ ά ⾜ ື .................................... 47 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸰 ᐃ ࡍ ࡿ ࢧ ࣮ ࣅ ࢫ ࣓ ࣮ ࢪ ................................. 49 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸱 ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ ᵓ ᡂ .................................................... 50 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸲 ᒇ ෆ ⏕ ά ⾜ ື ᥎ ᐃ ࢚ ࣥ ࢪ ࣥ ................................. 51 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸳 ᒇ እ ⛣ ື ≧ ἣ ᥎ ᐃ ࢚ ࣥ ࢪ ࣥ ................................. 54 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸴 ホ ౯ ᐇ 㦂 㸯 㸦 ᇶ ᮏ ᛶ ⬟ ホ ౯ 㸧 ............................. 56 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸵 ホ ౯ ᐇ 㦂 㸰 㸦 ᐇ ⏝ ᛶ ⬟ ホ ౯ 㸧 ............................. 62 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸶 ࢫ ࣐ ࣮ ࢺ ࣇ ࢛ ࣥ ∧ ࣉ ࣜ ࡢ 㛤 Ⓨ .......................... 65 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸷 ࢫ ࣐ ࣮ ࢺ ࣇ ࢛ ࣥ ∧ ࣉ ࣜ ࡼ ࡿ ホ ౯ ................... 67 㸲 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸯 㸮 ╔ 㒊 ࡢ 㐪 ࠸ ࡼ ࡿ ホ ౯ ............................. 69. 㸲 㸬 㸲 ࣟ ࣎ ࢵ ࢺ ࣥ ࢱ ࣇ ࢙ ࣮ ࢫ ࡢ 㐃 ᦠ ....................... 73 x.
(11) 㸲 㸬 㸳 ࡲ ࡵ .............................................................. 75. 㸳 㸬ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ㥑ື ࣁࣥࢻ࣊ࣝࢻ ᆺ 㡢 ኌ ㄆ㆑ ධ ຊᡭ ἲ␒⤌᳨⣴ࡢᛂ⏝ ······························ 77 㸳 㸬 㸯 ࡣ ࡌ ࡵ ........................................................... 77 㸳 㸬 㸰 ࣁ ࣥ ࢻ ࣊ ࣝ ࢻ ᆺ 㡢 ኌ ㄆ ㆑ ධ ຊ ࡢ ㄢ 㢟 ................... 78 㸳 㸬㸰 㸬㸯 ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ ࢭ ࢵ ࢺ ᆺ ࣐ ࢡ ࣁ ࣥ ࢻ ࣊ ࣝ ࢻ ᆺ ࣐ ࢡ ࡢ 㡢 ኌ ㄆ ㆑ ⢭ ᗘ ࡢ ẚ ㍑ .............................................. 79 㸳 㸬㸰 㸬㸰 ࣐ ࢡ 㸫 ཱྀ ඖ 㛫 ࡢ ㊥ 㞳 㡢 ኌ ㄆ ㆑ ⢭ ᗘ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ .................................................................................. 80 㸳 㸬 㸰 㸬 㸱 ᧯ స 㠃 ࡛ ࡢ ㄢ 㢟 ................................................. 80 㸳 㸬 㸰 㸬 㸲 ㄢ 㢟 ࡢ ࡲ ࡵ ᑐ ⟇ ....................................... 81. 㸳 㸬 㸱 ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡢ ά ⏝ ࡼ ࡿ ㄢ 㢟 ゎ Ỵ ࡢ ᳨ ウ ................... 82 㸳 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸯 ㊥ 㞳 ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡼ ࡿ Ⓨ ヰ ື స ᳨ ฟ .......................... 82 㸳 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸰 ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡼ ࡿ Ⓨ ヰ ື స ᳨ ฟ ....................... 83 㸳 㸬 㸱 㸬 㸱 ᐇ 㦂 ⪃ ᐹ ....................................................... 84. 㸳 㸬㸲 ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ 㥑 ື ࣁ ࣥ ࢻ ࣊ ࣝ ࢻ ᆺ 㡢 ኌ ㄆ ㆑ ධ ຊ ᪉ ἲ .............................................................................. 86 㸳 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸯 ࣝ ࢦ ࣜ ࢬ ࣒ ᳨ ウ .............................................. 86 㸳 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸰 ヨ స ࢹ ࣂ ࢫ ᵝ .............................................. 88 㸳 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸱 ᛶ ⬟ ホ ౯ ᐇ 㦂 .................................................... 89 㸳 㸬 㸲 㸬 㸲 ᚑ ᮶ ᡭ ἲ ࡢ ẚ ㍑ ホ ౯ ....................................... 89. 㸳 㸬 㸳 ␒ ⤌ ᳨ ⣴ ࢱ ࢫ ࢡ ࡛ ࡢ ホ ౯ .................................... 92 㸳 㸬 㸳 㸬 㸯 㡢 ኌ ㄆ ㆑ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ ࡢ ㄢ 㢟 .................................... 92 㸳 㸬 㸳 㸬 㸰 ␒ ⤌ ᳨ ⣴ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ㄒ ᙡ ⏕ ᡂ .......................... 93 㸳 㸬㸳 㸬㸱 ࣐ ࣝ ࢳ ࣔ ࣮ ࢲ ࣝ ᧯ స ࡛ ࡢ ࢸ ࣞ ࣅ ␒ ⤌ ᳨ ⣴ ࡼ ࡿ ᐇ ド ᐇ 㦂 ................................................................. 99. 㸳 㸬 㸴 ࡲ ࡵ ............................................................ 107. xi.
(12) 㸴 㸬⤖ㄽ ············································· 109 㸴 㸬 㸯 ᮏ ㄽ ᩥ ࡢ ㈉ ⊩ .................................................. 109 㸴 㸬㸯 㸬㸯 ࣘ ࣅ ࢟ ࢱ ࢫ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ ࣗ ࣮ ࢸ ࣥ ࢢ ᐇ ⌧ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ᢏ ⾡ ............................................................ 109 㸴 㸬㸯 㸬㸰 ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ᢏ ⾡ ࡢ ࣄ ࣗ ࣮ ࣐ ࣥ ࣥ ࢱ ࣇ ࢙ ࣮ ࢫ ᛂ ⏝ ............................................................................ 114. 㸴 㸬 㸰 ᚋ ࡢ ᒎ ᮃ ..................................................... 115. ㅰ㎡ ····················································117 ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ··············································118 ⴭ⪅ࡢᴗ⦼ ··········································· 124 ㄽ ᩥ ............................................................................ 124 ᅜ 㝿 ㆟ 㸦 ᰝ ㄞ ᭷ ࠊ ➹ 㢌 㸧 ............................................ 125 ᅜ ෆ Ⓨ ⾲ 㸦 ➹ 㢌 㸧 ......................................................... 126 ゎ ㄝ グ ...................................................................... 128 ㅮ ₇ ............................................................................ 129 ≉ チ ............................................................................ 131 ཷ ㈹ ............................................................................ 131. xii.
(13) 㸯 㸬ᗎㄽ 㸯㸬㸯 ◊✲⫼ᬒ ࣘࣅ࢟ࢱࢫࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸࣥࢢ࠸࠺ゝⴥࡀ⪺ࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚ஂࡋ࠸ࡀࠊ ࠕ ࣘ ࣅ ࢟ ࢱ ࢫ ࠖࡢ ㄒ ※ ࡣ ࣛ ࢸ ࣥ ㄒ ࡛ ࠊ┤ ヂ ࡍ ࡿ ࠕ 㐢 ᅾ ࡍ ࡿ㸦 ⮳ ࡿ ᡤ Ꮡ ᅾ ࡍ ࡿ 㸧ࠖ ࠸࠺ព࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡽࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢆᐇୡ⏺ࡢ⮳ࡿᡤᏑᅾࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛ ࠶ࡿ⌮ゎࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡀከ࠸ࠋ ࡋ ࡋ ࡞ ࡀ ࡽ ࠊMark Weiser ࡀ 1991 ᖺ Ⓨ ⾲ ࡋ ࡓ The Computer for the 21st Century [ 1 ] ࠸ ࠺ ㄽ ᩥ ࡛ ᭱ ึ ࡇ ࡢ ᴫ ᛕ ࢆ ᥦ ၐ ࡋ ࡓ 㝿 ࠊ ࡑ ࡢ 㢟 ࡣ ࠕ Specialized elements of hardware and software, connected by wires, radio waves and infrared, will be so ubiquitous that no one will notice their presence ࡛ࠖ ࠶ ࡾ ࠊ ᮏ ᩥ ࡣࠕ The most profound technolog ies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it.ࠖ ࠸ ࠺ ୍ ᩥ ࡛ ᭩ ࡁ ጞ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ ࡍ ࡞ ࢃ ࡕ ࠊ ᐇ ୡ ⏺ ࡢ ⮳ ࡿ ᡤ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢆᏑᅾࡉࡏࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ༑ศ࡛ࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍ ࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࠊࡑࡢᜠᜨࢆாཷ࡛ࡁࡿ⤌ࡳࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡀࣘࣅ࢟ࢱࢫࢥࣥࣆࣗ ࣮ ࢸ ࣥ ࢢ ࡢ ᮏ ㉁ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋࡇ ࡢ ᮏ ㉁ ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ࡀ ᗈ ࡲ ࡾ ࡁ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ ⌮ ⏤ ࡋ ࡚ ࠊࠕ ࣘ ࣅ ࢟ ࢱ ࢫ ࠖ ࠸ ࠺ ࢿ ࣮ ࣑ ࣥ ࢢ ࡀ Ⰻ ࡃ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ࡢ 㗦 ࠸ ᣦ ࡶ ࠶ ࡿ [2]ࠋ ࠸ ࡎ ࢀ ࡏ ࡼ ࠊ Mark Weiser ࡀ ᥦ ၐ ࡋ ࡓ ᮏ ᙜ ࡢ ព ࡛ ࡢ ࣘ ࣅ ࢟ ࢱ ࢫ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ ࣗ ࣮ ࢸ ࣥ ࢢ ࡣ ࠊ ࡲࡔᗈࡃᐇ⌧ࡉࢀ࡚ࡣ࠸࡞࠸ࠋ ୍ ᪉ ࠊ ఝ ࡓ ୡ ⏺ ほ ࢆ ♧ ࡍ ࢟ ࣮ ࣡ ࣮ ࢻ ࡋ ࡚ ࠊ Internet of Things㸦 IoT: ࣔ ࣀ ࡢ ࣥ ࢱ ࣮ ࢿ ࢵ ࢺ 㸧 ࠸ ࠺ ゝ ⴥ ࡶ ㏆ ᖺ ࡼ ࡃ ⏝ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ IoT ࡣ ࠊ Kevin Ashton ࡀ 1999 ᖺ 㸦 ወ ࡋ ࡃ ࡶ Mark Weiser ࡀ ἐ ࡋ ࡓ ྠ ୍ ᖺ 㸧 ᭱ ึ ⏝ ࡋ ࡓ [ 3 ] ࡉ ࢀ ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ ࠕ ࣔ ࣀ ࡢ ࣥ ࢱ ࣮ ࢿ ࢵ ࢺ ࠖ ࡽ ┤ ឤ ⓗ 㢮 ᥎ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࠊᵝ ࠎ ࡞ ࣔ ࣀ ࡀ ࣥ ࢱ ࣮ ࢿ ࢵ ࢺ ᥋ ⥆ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ࡇ ⌮ ゎ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ሙ ྜ ࡀ ከ ࠸ ࠋ ࡋ ࡋ ࠊ ITU ࡢ ᐃ ⩏ [4] ࡼ ࢀ ࡤ ࠊ ࠕA. global infrastructure for the information society, enabling. advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing. and. evolving. interoperable. information. and. communication. technologies.ࠖ ࠶ ࡾ ࠊせ ࡣ ࠊᵝ ࠎ ࡞ ࣔ ࣀ ࢆ ICT ࡛ ⧅ ࡄ ࡇ ࡀ ┠ ⓗ ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࡃ ࠊࡑ ࢀࡼࡾඛ㐍ⓗ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᡭẁ࡛࠶ࡿࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ. xiii 1.
(14) Mark Weiser ࡀ ┠ ᣦ ࡋ ࡓ ࠕ ࣘ ࣅ ࢟ ࢱ ࢫ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ ࣗ ࣮ ࢸ ࣥ ࢢ ࠖࠊ ࡑ ࡢ ᚋ Kevin Ashton ࡀ ࠸ ጞ ࡵ ࡓ ࠕ IoTࠖࠊ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ࡢ ┠ ᣦ ࡍ ࡇ ࢁ ࡣ ඹ ㏻ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡀ ࠊ ࡕ ࡽࡶ᭱⤊ⓗࡇࢀࡽࡢᢏ⾡ࡼࡾ࣮ࣘࢨࡀᜠᜨࢆཷࡅࡿࡇࡀ║࡛࠶ࡿⅬὀ ព ࢆ ᡶ ࠺ ᚲ せ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ➹ ⪅ ࡣ ࠊࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡀ ┠ ᣦ ࡋ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ୡ ⏺ ほ ࢆ ⤫ ྜ ࡋ ࠊ ࠕࢥࣥࣆࣗ ࣮ࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࠊඛ㐍ⓗ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࠖࡇࡀࠊᚋࡢ ࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢸࣥࢢᢏ⾡ࡀ┠ᣦࡍࡁ᪉ྥᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ. 㸯 㸬㸰 ᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ Mica Ensley ࡣ ࠊ ே ࠎ ࡢ ព ᛮ Ỵ ᐃ ࣉ ࣟ ࢭ ࢫ ࢆ ㄝ ᫂ ࡍ ࡿ ⪃ ࠼ ᪉ ࡋ ࡚ ࠊ ᅗ 1-1 ♧ ࡍ Situation Awareness㸦 ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ 㸧 ᇶ ࡙ ࠸ ࡓ Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM) ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࢆ 1995 ᖺ ᥦ ࡋ ࡓ [ 5 ] ࠋ. ᅗ 1-1. Endsley’s model of Situation Awareness㸦 ᩥ ⊩ [5]ࢆ ཧ ⪃ స ᡂ 㸧 ࡇ ࢀ ࡼ ࢀ ࡤ ࠊ ព ᛮ Ỵ ᐃ ࣉ ࣟ ࢭ ࢫ ࡣ Situation Awareness 㸦 ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ 㸧ࠊ Decision㸦 ព ᛮ Ỵ ᐃ 㸧ࠊ Performance of Actions㸦 ⾜ ື 㸧 ࡢ 3 ẁ 㝵 ࡀ ࠶ ࡾ ࠊ ࡑ ࢀ ࡀ ⎔ ቃ ࡢ ≧ ែ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཬ ࡰ ࡋ Situation Awareness ࡧ ᫎ ࡉ ࢀ ࠊ ࡉ ࡽ Task/System Factors ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡞ ࡃ ࠊIndividual Factors ࡶ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ᙳ 㡪 ࢆ ཬ ࡰ ࡍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊࢇ࡞⇍⦎⪅࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶࠊ≧ἣࡢㄆ㆑ࢆㄗࡿ㛫㐪ࡗ ࡓពᚿỴᐃࢆࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡇࡀㄝ᫂ࡉࢀࡿࡓࡵࠊពᚿỴᐃࣉࣟࢭࢫ࠾࠸࡚. 2.
(15) Situation Awareness ࢆ ṇ ࡋ ࡃ ⾜ ࠺ ࡇ ࡀ 㔜 せ ࡞ ࡿ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ ࠊ ࡇ ࡢ Situation Awareness ࡣ ࣞ ࣋ ࣝ ࡀ 3 ẁ 㝵 ࠶ ࡾ ࠊ Level-1: Perception of elements in current situation 㸦 ⌧ ᅾ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ࡢ ▱ ぬ 㸧 Level-2: Comprehension of current situation 㸦 ⌧ ᅾ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ࡢ ⌮ ゎ 㸧 Level-3: Projection of Future Status 㸦 ᑗ ᮶ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ࡢ ண. 㸧. ࡢྛࣉࣟࢭࢫࡀ࠶ࡿࠋṇࡋ࠸≧ἣㄆ㆑ࡢࡓࡵࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢ≧ἣࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᑗ᮶ ࡢ≧ἣࢆண. ࡍࡿࡇࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࠊࡇࡢே㛫ࡢពᛮỴ. ᐃࣔࢹࣝᇶ࡙ࡁࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇࡢ࡞࠸ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫᥦ౪ᐇ⌧ ࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࠋ ᅗ 1-2 ࡣ ࠊ Endsley ࡢ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࢆ ࣋ ࣮ ࢫ ࠊ ព ㆑ ࡏ ࡎ ࠼ ࡿ ࣄ ࣗ ࣮ ࣐ ࣥ ࣥ ࢱ ࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࡢࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢆ♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ. ᅗ 1-2. ព ㆑ ࡏ ࡎ ࠼ ࡿ ࣄ ࣗ ࣮ ࣐ ࣥ ࣥ ࢱ ࣇ ࢙ ࣮ ࢫ ࣮ࣘࢨࡣࠊ⮬ศ࠾ࡼࡧ࿘ᅖࡢ≧ἣࢆㄆ㆑ࡋ࡚ࠊఱࡽࡢពᅗࡀ⏕ࡌࠊࡑࡢពᅗ ࢆ‶㊊ࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࡢఱࡽࡢ᧯సࢆ⾜࠸ࠊᡤᮃࡢሗᥦ♧㸭⎔ቃኚࢆᚓࡼ࠺ ࡍࡿࢃࡅ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊࡑࡢ᭱⤊ẁࡢ᧯స᪉ἲࡀ↹㞧࡛ࡣព㆑ࡏࡎࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࢆ ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸ࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࠊㄝ᫂せ࡛ㄡ࡛ࡶᢅ࠸ࡸࡍ࠸ࣥࢱࣇ࢙ ࣮ࢫࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡀồࡵࡽࢀࠊ࣎ࢱࣥࡢᩘࡀከ࠸ࣜࣔࢥࣥࡢ⏝ࡸࠊ┠ⓗ㐩ᡂ ࡲ࡛ࡢ᧯సᅇᩘࡀከ࠸᧯సࢆ࣮ࣘࢨᙉ࠸ࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ࠼ࡤࠊ ゝⴥ࡛᧯స࡛ࡁࡓࡾࠊ┤ឤⓗ࡞ࢪ࢙ࢫࢳ࡛ࣕ᧯స࡛ࡁࡓࡾࡍࡿ࡞ࠊᶵᲔᑐࡋ ࡚ࡶே᥋ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ᢅ࠼ࡿࡇࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࣄ࣮࣐ࣗࣥࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫ㛵ࡍࡿ ◊ ✲ ࡣ ከ ࡃ ⾜ ࢃ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ [6][7]ࠋ ࡋ ࡋ ࡞ ࡀ ࡽ ࠊ ࡍ ࡚ ࢆ 㡢 ኌ ࡢ ࡳ ࠊ ࢪ ࢙ ࢫ ࢳ ࣕ ࡢ ࡳ࡛ᢅ࠺ࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࡣࠊ≉ᐃࡢ࣮ࣘࢫࢣ࣮ࢫࡼࡗ࡚ࡣᢅ࠸ࡸࡍ࠸ሙྜࡶ࠶ ࡿ ࡀ ࠊᚲ ࡎ ࡋ ࡶ ᵝ ࠎ ࡞ ࣘ ࣮ ࢫ ࢣ ࣮ ࢫ ࡛ ࠸ ᡭ ࡢ Ⰻ ࡉ ࢆ ᥦ ౪ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡣ 㝈 ࡽ ࡞ ࠸ ࠋ ࠶ࡽࡌࡵỴࡵࡽࢀࡓ᧯స᪉ἲᚑࡗ࡚࣮ࣘࢨࡀ᧯సࡍࡿࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡣࠊࢥࣥࣆ. 3.
(16) ࣮ࣗࢱྜࢃࡏ࡚ே㛫ࡀ᧯సࡍࡿᇦࢆฟ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࣮ࣘࢨࡀఱࢆࡋࡼ࠺ ࡋࡓᚲ↛ⓗ⾜࠺⾜ືࢆᐹ▱ࡋࠊ㐺ษ࡞ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ࡛ࡑࢀࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿ ࡞ࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡢࢡࢩࣙࣥᇶ࡙࠸ࡓ࣋ࣥࢺ㥑ືᆺࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࡼࡾࠊㄡ ࡛ࡶ࠸ࡸࡍ࠸ࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࢆᥦ౪࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࡉࡽ࣮ࣘࢨࡢᵝࠎ ࡞≧ἣࢆࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡀᖖࡉࡾࡆ࡞ࡃㄆ㆑ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡗ࡚ᚲ せ࡞᧯సࢆඛㄞࡳࡋࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡀᶵჾࢆ᧯సࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃᡤᮃࡢሗᥦ♧㸭⎔ቃኚ ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ࡘࡲࡾࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࡑࡢᜠᜨࢆாཷࡍࡿࡓࡵ ࡣࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡀᡃࠎே㛫࿘ᅖࡢ≧ἣࢆ⌮ゎࡋࠊࡑࡢேࡢࡑࡢⅬࡢ≧ἣ ᛂࡌ࡚㐺ษ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆ㐺ษ࡞ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ࡛㸦ࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ㸧ᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡀ⫢ せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࠊࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱࡀே㛫ࡢ≧ἣࢆ⌮ゎࡍࡿᢏ⾡ࢆ≧ἣㄆ㆑ 㸦 Context Awareness㸧ᢏ ⾡ ࡧ ࠊࡑ ࡢ ே ࡢ ⾜ ື ࡸ ᗣ ≧ ែ ࠊࡉ ࡽ ࡣ ᶵ ჾ ࢆ ᧯ స ࡋ ࡼ ࠺ ࡍ ࡿ ព ᅗ 㸦 ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࢆ Context ⥲ ⛠ ࡍ ࡿ 㸧 ࢆ ㄆ ㆑ ࡋ ࠊ ࡑ ࢀ ᇶ ࡙ ࠸ ࡓ 㐺ษ࡞ࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆࢱ࣒࣮ࣜᥦ౪ࡍࡿࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࠊᶵჾ᧯సࡢᨭࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ ࣄ ࣗ ࣮ ࣐ ࣥ ࣥ ࢱ ࣇ ࢙ ࣮ ࢫ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ◊ ✲ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ ᑦ ࠊ ୖ ㏙ ࡢ Situation Awareness ࡶ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ヂ ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ ࠊࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ⮬ ㌟ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ࡑ ࡢ ๓ ᚋ ࡢ ᩥ ⬦ ࡶ 㔜 ど ࡍ ࡿ Ⅼ ࢆ ㋃ ࡲ ࠼ ࠊ ᮏ ㄽ ᩥ ࡛ ࡣ Situation ࡛ ࡣ ࡞ ࡃ Context ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡿ ࡇ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ. 㸯 㸬㸱 ᮏㄽᩥࡢᵓᡂ ➨㸰❶ࠕ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࠖࡣࠊࡲࡎ⏕ά⩦័㸭࣓ࢱ࣎ࣜࢵ ࢡࢩࣥࢻ࣮࣒ࣟᑐ⟇ࡢ⌧≧ศᯒࢆ་⒪ᚑ⪅ࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝ➼ࡼࡾᐇ ࡋࠊ⏕ά⩦័ࡢ⮬ᕫ⟶⌮㸦⾜ືኚᐜ㸧ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᚲせᛶࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ࡑࡢୖ࡛ࠊᡭ㍍࡛☜ᐇ࡞⏕ά⩦័⟶⌮ࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺࢆ᳨ウࡋࠊ ⭎ィᆺ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝࢭࣥࢧእ㒊ሗ➃ᮎࢆ㐃ᦠࡉࡏࡓ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝᗣ⟶⌮ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆᥦࡍࡿࠋ⌧ᅾࠊ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝࢹࣂࢫࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࢆ⤌ࡳྜࢃ ࡏࡓάື㔞ィࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀከࡃᐇ⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢⲡศࡅⓗ࡞ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋලయⓗࡣࠊຍ㏿ᗘࠊ⬦ἼࠊⓎờࠊ⓶. ࡞ࡢከᵝ࡞⏕యሗࢆࢭࣥ. ࢩࣥࢢྍ⬟࡞࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝࢭࣥࢧࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࠊࡑࢀࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ⏕ά⩦័ࠊᗣ≧ែ 㛵ࢃࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࢆ㛤ⓎࡋࡓࠋṌ⾜ࠊ㉮⾜࡞ࡢ⾜ືṌᩘࠊ࠾ࡼࡧ⬦ᢿᩘ࡞ ࡢ⏕యሗࡢぢ࠼ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝࢭࣥࢧ࡛ᗣ⟶⌮ୖ㔜せ࡛࠶ ࡿ㣗࣋ࣥࢺࢆ⢭ᗘⰋࡃ᳨ฟྍ⬟ࡋࡓⅬࡀ≉㛗࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㣗࣋ࣥࢺࢆ᳨ฟ ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ㣗ࡢࢱ࣑ࣥࢢᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ㸦㣗࣓ࢽ࣮ࣗධຊᨭࠊ᭹ ⸆⟶⌮ࠊ⾑⢾್ィ. ⟶⌮࡞㸧ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊྲྀᚓࡋࡓ࣮ࣘࢨࡢ≧ἣᇶ࡙. ࠸࡚ࠊ⏕ά⩦័ᨵၿ㸦⾜ືኚᐜ㸧ࡢࡓࡵࡢࢻࣂࢫࢆࢱ࣒࣮ࣜᥦ౪ࡍࡿࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒ࡢព⩏ࡘ࠸࡚ㄽࡌࡿࠋ. 4.
(17) ➨㸱❶ࠕ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࡑࡢᛂ⏝࡛ࠖࡣࠊ㏆ᖺ╀ᝎࡴேࡀቑຍ ࡋࠊ♫ၥ㢟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊ╧╀≧ែࢆヲ⣽ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣࠊᑓ 㛛タᐟἩࡋࠊ⬻Ἴィ࡞ከᩘࡢࢭࣥࢧࢆ㌟య୰╔ࡍࡿ⤊ኪ╧╀࣏ࣜࢢࣛ ࣇ᳨ᰝࢆ⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ⌧≧ࡽࠊ⮬Ꮿ࡛ᡭ㍍╧╀≧ែࢆࢳ࢙ࢵࢡྍ⬟࡞ࢭࣥ ࢧࡢᚲせᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊ╧╀ィ. ࣇ࢛࣮࢝ࢫࡋࡓ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࢆ㛤Ⓨ. ࡋࡓࠋෆⶶࡋࡓ⬦Ἴࢭࣥࢧຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧࡢሗࡽヲ⣽╧╀≧ែࢆゎᯒྍ⬟ ࡍࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࡢ◊✲ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊຍ㏿ᗘࡢሗࡽ╧╀㸭ぬ㓰ࢆุᐃ ࡍࡿࠋḟࠊ⬦Ἴࡽࣟࣂࢫࢺྲྀᚓࡋࡓ⬦Ἴ㛫㝸ࡢ࿘Ἴᩘゎᯒࡼࡾ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ ࡢ ≧ ែ ࢆ ᥎ ᐃ ࡋ ࠊ⮬ ᚊ ⚄ ⤒ ╧ ╀ ≧ ែ ࡢ ┦ 㛵 㛵 ಀ ࡽ REM ╧ ╀ 㸭 NREM ╧ ╀ ࠊ ╧╀῝ᗘ࡞ࡢヲ⣽࡞╧╀≧ែࢆุᐃࡍࡿࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆᥦࡋࡓࠋᡭ㤳࠾ࡅ ࡿ⬦Ἴィ 㝸ィ. 㐺ࡋࡓἼ㛗ࡀ⥳Ⰽ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ㄆࡋࠊࣀࢬᙉ࠸⊂⮬ࡢ⬦Ἴ㛫. ᡭἲྜࢃࡏ࡚ᡭ㤳࠾ࡅࡿᏳᐃࡋࡓ⬦Ἴィ. ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓⅬࠊಶேᕪࡸ᪥. ෆኚືࡢᙳ㡪ࣟࣂࢫࢺ࡞ࢡࣛࢫࢱࣜࣥࢢᡭἲࢆᥦࡋࡓⅬ࡞ࡀᢏ⾡ⓗ࡞࣏ ࣥ ࢺ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ ⿕ 㦂 ⪅ 45 ྡ ࡼ ࡿ ⤊ ኪ ╧ ╀ ࣏ ࣜ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ᮏ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡢ ྠ ィ. ᐇ㦂. ࡛ࡢ୍⮴ᗘ㸦࣏ࣜࢢࣛࣇࡢ⤖ᯝࢆᑓ㛛་ࡀ┠どุ࡛ᐃࡋࡓ⤖ᯝᮏࢭࣥࢧࡼࡿ ⮬ ື ุ ᐃ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ 㸧 ࡣ 73.5%࡛ ࠊ ᅾ Ꮿ ࡛ ࠼ ࡿ ⡆ ᫆ ࣔ ࢽ ࢱ ࡋ ࡚ ࡣ ༑ ศ ࡞ ᛶ ⬟ ࢆ 㐩 ᡂࡋࠊ⮬Ꮿࡸእฟඛ࡛ࡢᡭ㍍࡞╧╀≧ែᢕᥱࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋࡉࡽࠊᛌ㐺┠ぬࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࢱ ࣑ ࣥ ࢢ 㸦 ╧ ╀ ≧ ែ 㸧 ࢆ ㄪ ᰝ ࡋ ࡓ ⤖ ᯝ ࠊ REM ╧ ╀ ㉳ ᗋ ࡉ ࡏ ࡿ ᛌ 㐺┠ぬࡵࡽࢀࡿഴྥ࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡾࠊ᪥ࠎࡢ⏕ά࡛ᛌ㐺࡞┠ぬࡲࡋࢆᐇ⌧ ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࢆ☜ㄆࡋࡓࠋ ➨㸲❶ࠕࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࣜࣝࢱ࣒⏕ά⾜ືㄆ㆑ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛ࠖࡣࠊ ᬑཬࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ୍࢛ࣥ⯡ⓗᦚ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧࠊ㏻ ヰ⏝ࡢ࣐ࢡࢆ㡢ࢭࣥࢧࡋ࡚✚ᴟⓗά⏝ࡋࠊ≉ู࡞ࢭࣥࢧ㸭ࢹࣂࢫࢆ⏝ ࡏࡎࠊᙜヱࣉࣜࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࢆࣥࢫࢺ࣮ࣝࡋࡓࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࢆᣢࡕṌࡃࡔ ࡅ࡛ᵝࠎ࡞᪥ᖖ⏕ά⾜ືࢆ㐃⥆ⓗᢕᥱࡍࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࢆᥦࡍࡿࠋࢫ࣐࣮ࢺ ࣇ࢛ࣥ㸭ᦠᖏ㟁ヰᦚ㍕ࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ᪤Ꮡ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊᒇእࡢ⛣ື≧ἣࣇ࢛ ࣮࢝ࢫࡋࡓ⾜ືㄆ㆑ࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡀࠊᒇෆࡢᵝࠎ࡞⏕ά⾜ືࡢ㧗⢭ᗘ࡞ㄆ㆑ࢆ ᐇ ⌧ ࡋ ࡓ Ⅼ ࡀ ࣏ ࣥ ࢺ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋࡲ ࡎ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢆ ࡶ ࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ࡢ ≧ ែ ࢆࠕ Ṍ ⾜ ࠖࠕ స ᴗ ࠖ ࠕ Ᏻ 㟼 ࠖ ࡢ 3 ≧ ែ ࡲ ᥎ ᐃ ࡋ ࠊࠕ స ᴗ ࠖ ᥎ ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ሙ ྜ ࠊ ࣐ ࢡ ࡽ ࡢ 㡢ࢆศᯒࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾసᴗෆᐜࢆ⣽ࡃศ㢮ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ⏕ࡢㄆ㆑⤖ᯝࡔࡅ࡛ ࡞ࡃࠊྠ୍సᴗ༊㛫༢࡛⾜ືࡢ✀ูࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ࣮࣋ࢫㄆ㆑ᡭἲࡢᑟධ ࡼ ࡾ ㄆ ㆑ ᛶ ⬟ ࡀ ྥ ୖ ࡋ ࠊࠕ ṑ ☻ ࡁ ࠖࠕ ࢺ ࣞ ࠖࠕ ᤲ 㝖 ᶵ ࡀ ࡅ ࠖࠕ ─ Ὑ ࠸ ࠖ ࡞ ࠊ ࡇ ࢀ ࡲ࡛ຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧࡔࡅ࡛ࡣㄆ㆑ࡀ㞴ࡋࡗࡓᵝࠎ࡞⏕ά⾜ືࢆ⢭ᗘⰋࡃㄆ㆑ࡍࡿ ࡇ ࢆ ྍ ⬟ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ 㧗 㱋 ⪅ ࡶ ྵ ࡴ 21 ྡ ࡼ ࡿ ホ ౯ ᐇ 㦂 ࢆ ⾜ ࠸ ࠊࠕ ─ Ὑ ࠸ ࠖࠕ ࣟ ࣥ ࡀ ࡅ ࠖࠕ ᤲ 㝖 ᶵ ࡀ ࡅ ࠖࠕ ṑ ☻ ࡁ ࠖࠕ ࢻ ࣛ ࣖ ࣮ ࠖࠕ ࢺ ࣞ Ỉ Ὑ 㸭 ᡭ Ὑ ࠸ ࠖࡢ 6 ✀ 㢮 ࡢ ⏕ ά ⾜ ື ࢆ ᖹ ᆒ 91.4%ࡢ ⢭ ᗘ ࡛ ㄆ ㆑ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡇ ࢆ ☜ ㄆ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ ࠊ ࣟ ࣎ ࢵ ࢺ. 5.
(18) ࣥࢱࣇ࢙࣮ࢫࡢ㐃ᦠຠᯝࠊ㞳ࢀ࡚ᬽࡽࡍᐙ᪘ࡢࡉࡾࡆ࡞࠸ぢᏲࡾࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ࡞ ࠊᥦᡭἲࢆᛂ⏝ࡋࡓࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㏙ࡿࠋ ➨㸳❶ࠕࢭࣥࢧ㥑ືࣁࣥࢻ࣊ࣝࢻᆺ㡢ኌㄆ㆑ධຊᡭἲ␒⤌᳨⣴ࡢᛂ⏝࡛ࠖ ࡣࠊ㡢ኌㄆ㆑ධຊࢆ᪥ᖖⓗ࠺ࡓࡵᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࣁࣥࢻ࣊ࣝࢻᆺ࣐ࢡ࠾ࡅࡿ ㄢ㢟ࡋ࡚ࠊ࣊ࢵࢻࢭࢵࢺᆺ࣐ࢡẚ࡚ㄆ㆑⢭ᗘࡀຎࡿࡇࠊ㡢ኌㄆ㆑ࡢ㛤 ጞ⤊ࢆ࣮ࣘࢨࡀ࣎ࢱࣥ᧯స࡛ᣦ♧ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡇࢆᣲࡆࠊࡑࡢゎỴ᪉ἲ ࡋ࡚ຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧ㊥㞳ࢭࣥࢧࢆෆⶶࡋࡓࣁࣥࢻ࣊ࣝࢻᆺ࣐ࢡࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࠊࡑ ࢀᑐࡍࡿ࣮ࣘࢨࡢⓎヰືసࢆ᳨▱ࡍࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࢆᥦࡋࠊ୧ㄢ㢟ᑐࡍࡿ ᑐ ⟇ ࡑ ࡢ ຠ ᯝ ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ㄽ ࡌ ࡿ ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ ࠊ ⌧ ≧ 㠀 ᖖ ᡭ 㛫 ࡀ ࡿ TV ࡢ ␒ ⤌ ᳨ ⣴ ᧯సᥦᡭἲࡼࡿ㡢ኌㄆ㆑ධຊࢆά⏝ࡍࡿࡶࠊேྡ␒⤌ྡࡢゝ࠸ ࠼ᑐᛂࡍࡿ⤌ࡳࢆ᪂ࡓᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊᚑ᮶ࡢࣜࣔࢥࣥ᧯సࡼࡿ␒⤌᳨ ⣴ ࡼ ࡾ ࡶ ࠊ᧯ స ࡲ ࡛ ࡢ ᡤ せ 㛫 ࢆ ⣙ 40㸣 ▷ ⦰ ࡋ ࡓ ࣄ ࣗ ࣮ ࣐ ࣥ ࣥ ࢱ ࣇ ࢙ ࣮ ࢫ ࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡿࠋ ➨ 㸴 ❶ ࠕ ⤖ ㄽ ࠖ ࡛ ࡣ ࠊ ୖ ㏙ ࡢ ྛ ◊ ✲ ᡂ ᯝ ࢆ ⥲ ᣓ ࡋ ࡓ ⤖ ㄽ ࡋ ࡚ ࠊࠕ ࢥ ࣥ ࣆ ࣗ ࣮ ࢱࡢᏑᅾࢆព㆑ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡃࠊඛ㐍ⓗ࡞ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࠖࡓࡵࡣࠊຍ㏿ᗘ ࢭࣥࢧ㸩Șࡼࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ㏙ࡿࠋពᅗࡢ࠶ࡿே≀ືస 㸭⾜ືࡣࠊࡑࡢከࡃࡢሙྜ㌟యࡢࢲࢼ࣑ࢵࢡ࡞ືࡁࡀక࠸ࠊࡇࢀࢆຍ㏿ᗘ ࢭࣥࢧ࡛ᤊ࠼ࡿࡇࡀ≧ἣㄆ㆑ࡢᇶᮏ࡞ࡿࠋࡑࡢୖ࡛ࠊ┠ⓗ࣭࣮ࣘࢫࢣ࣮ࢫ ᛂࡌ࡚ࠊㄆ㆑ᑐ㇟ࡢືస㸭⾜ືࡢ⢏ᗘࢆ⣽ࡃࡍࡿࠊ⢭ᗘࢆྥୖࡍࡿࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒⣔࡞ே㛫ࡢෆ㒊≧ែࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢྲྀᚓ㐺 ࡋࡓࢭࣥࢧࢆຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧ⤌ࡳྜࢃࡏ࡚⏝ࡍࡿࢡࣟࢫ࣮ࣔࢲࣝ≧ἣㄆ㆑ࡀᮃ ࡲࡋ࠸ࠋࡉࡽࠊ⌧ᅾࡢືస㸭⾜ືࡢㄆ㆑ࡽࠊᑗ᮶ࡢືస㸭⾜ືࢆண. ࡍࡿࡇ. ࡛ࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡢពᅗࢆඛㄞࡳࡋ᧯సせ࡛ᡤᮃࡢࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟ ࡞ ࡿ ࡛ ࠶ ࢁ ࠺ ࠋࡇ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ࡣ ᚑ ᮶ ࡢ Ỵ ᐃ ㄽ ⓗ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡼ ࡿ Reactive Computing ࡽ ࠊ☜ ⋡ ㄽ ⓗ ࣔ ࢹ ࣝ ࡼ ࡿ Proactive Computing ࢆ ࢡ ࣟ ࢫ ࣔ ࣮ ࢲ ࣝ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ࡼࡾᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᚋࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲ࡢ㐍ᒎࡀᮇᚅࡉࢀࡿࡇࢆ㏙ࡿࠋ. 6.
(19) 㸰 㸬࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ 㸰㸬㸯 ࡣࡌࡵ ⢾ᒀࠊ㧗⬡⾑ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽࠊ㧗ᒀ㓟⾑࡞ࡢ⏕ά⩦័ࡣࠊṚᅉูṚஸ⪅ᩘ ࡢ ୖ 3 ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ᝏ ᛶ ᪂ ⏕ ≀ 㸦 ࢞ ࣥ 㸧ࠊ ᚰ ᝈ ࠊ ⬻ ⾑ ⟶ ᝈ ࡢ ࡞ ཎ ᅉ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠾ ࡾ ࠊ ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ 3 ࡼ ࡿ Ṛ ஸ ᩘ ࡢ ྜ ࡣ య ࡢ ༙ ᩘ ௨ ୖ ࢆ ༨ ࡵ ࡿ [8]ࠋ ≉ ࠊ ᭱㏆⪥ࡍࡿࡇࡀከ࠸࣓ࢱ࣎ࣜࢵࢡೃ⩌ࡣࠊෆ⮚⬡⫫ᆺ⫧‶ຍ࠼࡚ࡇࢀࡽ ࡢ⏕ά⩦័ࢆྜేࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀ༢⊂ࡢሙྜẚ࡚㠀ᖖࣜ ࢫࢡࡀ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡿゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢண㜵ࡢࡓࡵࡣࠊ㐠ືࠊ㣗ࠊ╧╀ࠊ ࢫࢺࣞࢫ࡞ࡢ᪥㡭ࡢ⏕ά⟶⌮ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡋ ࡋ ࠊ ࠼ ࡤ ⢾ ᒀ ࡢ ሙ ྜ ࠊ ᅜ ෆ ᝈ ⪅ ᩘ 700 ே ࠊ ண ഛ ㌷ ࢆ ྵ ࡵ ࡿ 2,000 ேࡶゝࢃࢀࡿ࡞ࠊ㏆ᖺ≉ቑຍࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊᢤᮏⓗ࡞⒪ἲࡀ ↓ࡃࠊ㐠ື⒪ἲࠊ㣗⒪ἲ࡞ࢆ⮬ᕫ⟶⌮ࡼࡗ࡚⾜࠸ࠊ≧ࢆᢚ࠼ࡿࡢࡀᇶᮏ ⓗ ࡞ ⒪ ࡞ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋTuomilehito [ 9 ] ࡽ ࡣ ࠊ୰ ᖺ ࡢ ⫧ ‶ ᗘ ࡢ 㧗 ࠸ ⿕ 㦂 ⪅ ࢆ ࠊ་ ᖌ ࡀయ㔜ࢆῶࡽࡍࡓࡵࡢ㐠ືࡸ㣗㛵ࡍࡿᣦᑟࢆᚭᗏⓗ⾜࠺⩌㸦A ⩌㸧ࠊఱ ࡶධࡋ࡞࠸⩌㸦B ⩌㸧ࡢ⩌ศࡅࠊ3 ᖺ௨ୖΏࡗ࡚ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢᗣ≧ែࢆ ㏣ ㊧ ㄪ ᰝ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࢁ ࠊ A ⩌ ࡢ ⢾ ᒀ Ⓨ ⋡ ࡣ ࠊ B ⩌ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ 58%ᑡ ࡞ ࠸ ࡇ ࢆ ☜ ㄆࡋࡓࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊ㐠ື⒪ἲࠊ㣗⒪ἲࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡇࡀ⢾ᒀࡢࣜࢫࢡࢆ㍍ ῶࡍࡿࡀࠊຠᯝⓗ࡞⒪ࡢᣢ⥆ࡣ㠀ᖖᙉ࠸ពᚿࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⮬ᕫ ⟶⌮ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ. 㸰㸬㸰 ᚑ᮶◊✲ ᪥ᖖ࠾ࡅࡿ⏕ά⩦័ࢆ⟶⌮ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡋ࡚ࠊᦠᖏ㟁ヰࡸࣃࢯࢥࣥ࡞ࢆ ⏝ࡋࠊࣥࢱ࣮ࢿࢵࢺ⤒⏤࡛ẖ᪥ࡢ⏕ά⩦័ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆグ㘓࣭⟶⌮ࡍࡿࢧ࣮ࣅࢫ [ 1 0 ] ࠊグ 㘓 ࡉ ࢀ ࡓ ࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ࡢ ≧ ែ ᛂ ࡌ ࡚ ᗣ ࢻ ࣂ ࢫ ࢆ 㟁 Ꮚ ࣓ ࣮ ࣝ ࡛ 㓄 ಙ ࡍ ࡿ ࢧ. ࣮ ࣅ ࢫ [ 11 ] ࡞ ࡀ ᐇ 㐠 ⏝ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ ࠋࡇ ࡢ ✀ ࡢ ࢿ ࢵ ࢺ ⏝ ᆺ ࢧ ࣮ ࣅ ࢫ ࡣ ࠊ᪂ つ ᶵ ჾࢆᑟධࡍࡿᚲせ࡞ࡃࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆཷࡅࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡀูࡢ⨨ ࡛ィ. ࡍࡿࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⮬ศࡢ⾜ືࢆᛮ࠸ฟࡋ࡞ࡀࡽᡭධຊࡍࡿ࡞ࠊࢹ࣮ࢱධຊ. ປຊࢆせࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊᗣᑐࡍࡿព㆑ࡢ㧗࠸࣮ࣘࢨ࡛࡞࠸ሙྜࡣ㛗⥆ࡁࡋࡃ ࡃࠊࡍ࡛ࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࡀ⤊ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜࡶከ࠸ࠋ. 7.
(20) ࡲ ࡓ ࠊ ᑓ ⏝ ᶵ ჾ ࢆ ⏝ ࡋ ࡚ 㣗 ⟶ ⌮ [12]ࠊ 㐠 ື ⟶ ⌮ [13]ࢆ ࢧ ࣏ ࣮ ࢺ ࡍ ࡿ ྲྀ ࡾ ⤌ ࡳ ࡶ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚ࡁࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡣࠊ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶࢹ࣮ࢱධຊ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞ࢹ࣮ࢱ 㞟ᇶ࡙ࡃᒚṔ⟶⌮ࢆᡭ㍍ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋࠊࢹ࣮ࢱධຊࡀᡭධ ຊࡢሙྜࡣࠊධຊࡢᡭ㛫ࡸධຊࡢࡋᛀࢀࡀၥ㢟࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝ࡋࢹ ࣮ࢱධຊࡢᡭ㛫ࢆ┬࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡶࠊࡑࡢ║ࡣᒚṔ⟶⌮࠶ࡿࠋຠᯝⓗ࡞⏕ά⩦័ ⟶⌮㸦⾜ືኚᐜ㸧ࡢࡓࡵࡣࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀ࣮ࣘࢨࡢ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡋࠊ≧ἣᛂࡌࡓ 㐺ษ࡞ࢻࣂࢫࢆࢱ࣒࣮ࣜᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡇࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿࠋ ୍᪉ࠊᵝࠎ࡞ࢭࣥࢧࢆ⎔ቃഃከᩘ㓄⨨ࡋࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡢ⏕ά≧ែࢆࢭࣥࢩࣥࢢࡍ ࡿ ヨ ࡳ ࡶ ⾜ ࢃ ࢀ ࡚ ࡁ ࡓ [1 4 ] [ 1 5 ] [ 1 6 ] ࠋ ࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ࡣ ఱ ࡶ ╔ ࡏ ࡎ ⎔ ቃ ഃ ࡽ ࢭ ࣥ ࢩ ࣥ ࢢࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡢ㈇ᢸࡣᑡ࡞ࡃࠊᬑẁࡢ᪥ᖖ⏕ά㏆࠸≧ែ࡛ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ 㞟ࡀ⾜࠼ࡿ࡞ࠊᐇ㦂ࠊ◊✲┠ⓗࡋ࡚ࡣ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ୍⯡ᐙᗞ࠾ࡅࡿ᪥ ᖖ ⏕ ά ࡢ ᑟ ධ ࡣ ࢥ ࢫ ࢺ ࠊࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ࡢ ㆑ ู ᪉ ἲ ࠊࣉ ࣛ ࣂ ࢩ ࣮ ࡞ ࠊㄢ 㢟 ࡀ ከ ࠸ ࠋ ࡇࢀࡽࡢྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳᑐࡋᮏ❶࡛ࡣࠊ⭎ィᆺࡢ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ⏕యࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸ ࡓ⏕యሗィ. ᇶ࡙ࡃ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࡑࢀࢆ⏝ࡋࡓ⏕ά⩦័⟶⌮ࠊ⏕άᨵၿ. ᨭࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ࢙࢘ࣛࣈ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࡇࡣࠊሙᡤࡼ ࡽࡎ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶࡇ࡛ࡶࢧ࣮ࣅࢫࢆாཷࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࠊࡘࠊ⏝㏵ᛂࡌ࡚ᰂ ㌾࡞ᵓᡂ࡛ࢩࢫࢸ࣒యࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋ ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝࢭࣥࢧࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᗣ⟶⌮㛵ࡍࡿྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᚰᢿࢆ㐃 ⥆ ࣔ ࢽ ࢱ ࣜ ࣥ ࢢ ࡍ ࡿ ࡶ ࡢ [17][18] ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࡀ ࠊ ᚰ ⮚ ᝈ ྥ ࡅ ࡢ ᶵ ⬟ ≉ ࡋ ࡓ ࡶ ࡢ ࡛ ࠶ࡿࠋ㏆ᖺ࡞ࡗ࡚ࠊࣜࢫࢺࣂࣥࢻᆺάື㔞ィࢫ࣐࣮ࢺࣇ࢛ࣥࡼࡾάື㔞ࢆ ᢕ ᥱ ࡍ ࡿ ࢧ ࣮ ࣅ ࢫ ࡀ ከ ࡃ ᐇ ⏝ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ [19][20] ࡀ ࠊ ࠸ ࡎ ࢀ ࡶ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࡢ ✚ ྍ ど ࡀ ║ ࡛ ࠊࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ᇶ ࡙ ࠸ ࡓ ࢱ ࣒ ࣜ ࣮ ࡞ ࢡ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ㸦 ሗ ᥦ ౪ ࡞ 㸧 ࡣᮍࡔᐇ⌧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ. 㸰 㸬㸱 ࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺ᳨ウ. 㸰 㸬㸱㸬 㸯 ࣥࢣ࣮ ࢺㄪᰝ ࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡋ࡚┠ᣦࡍࡁᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊ ᐇ 㝿 ⏕ ά ⩦ ័ ᨵ ၿ ᣦ ᑟ 㛵 ࢃ ࡗ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ་ ⒪ ᚑ ⪅ 38 ྡ 㸦 ་ ᖌ ࠊ ┳ ㆤ ᖌ ࠊ ⸆ ᖌࠊᰤ㣴ኈ࡞㸧ᑐࡋࠊ㐠ື⟶⌮ࠊ㣗⟶⌮࡞࠾ࡅࡿၥ㢟Ⅼ㛵ࡍࡿࣥ ࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝࢆᐇࡋࡓࠋ࡞ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ㡯┠ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࡣୗグࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ. 8.
(21) 㸯 㸬 㐠 ື ⟶ ⌮. ᅗ 2-1 㐠 ື ⟶ ⌮ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ 㐠 ື 㔞 㸦 ᾘ ㈝ ࢝ ࣟ ࣜ ࣮ 㸧 ࡢ ሗ ࡣ ᚲ せ 㸽. ᅗ 2-2 㐠 ື ⟶ ⌮ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ 㐠 ື ෆ ᐜ ࡢ ሗ ࡣ ᚲ せ 㸽. ᅗ 2-3 ᝈ ⪅ ࡉ ࢇ ࡢ 㐠 ື ⟶ ⌮ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ఱ ࡀ ၥ 㢟 㸽. 9.
(22) 㸰㸬㣗⟶⌮. ᅗ 2-4 㣗 ⟶ ⌮ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ ᦤ ྲྀ ࢝ ࣟ ࣜ ࣮ ࡢ ሗ ࡣ ᚲ せ 㸽. ᅗ 2-5 㣗 ⟶ ⌮ ࡢ ࡓ ࡵ 㣗 㛫 ᖏ ࡢ ሗ ࡣ ᚲ せ 㸽. ᅗ 2-6 ᝈ ⪅ ࡉ ࢇ ࡢ 㣗 ⟶ ⌮ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ఱ ࡀ ၥ 㢟 㸽. 10.
(23) 㸱㸬᭹⸆⟶⌮. ᅗ 2-7 ᝈ ⪅ ࡉ ࢇ ࡢ ᭹ ⸆ ⟶ ⌮ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ఱ ࡀ ၥ 㢟 㸽. 㐠 ື ⟶ ⌮ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ ࠊ 㐠 ື 㔞 㸦 ᾘ ㈝ ࢝ ࣟ ࣜ ࣮ 㸧ࠊ 㐠 ື ෆ ᐜ ࡢ ᢕ ᥱ ࡣ 㔜 せ ࡛ ࠶ ࡾ ࠊ 㣗⟶⌮࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊᦤྲྀ࣮࢝ࣟࣜຍ࠼ࠊ㣗ࡢ㛫ᖏࡢᢕᥱࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋ᭹⸆⟶⌮ࡶྵࡵࠊࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢၥ㢟Ⅼࢆࡲࡵࡿୗグࡢ㏻ࡾ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ. z. 㐠ື⟶⌮࠾ࡅࡿၥ㢟Ⅼ ¾ ᣦᑟ㏻ࡾ㐠ືࡋ࡞࠸ ¾ Ṍᩘィࢆࡅᛀࢀࡿ ¾ 㐠ືෆᐜࢆグ㘓ࡋ࡞࠸㸦グ㘓ᛀࢀࠊ㠃ಽ㸧 ¾ ბࡢሗ࿌. z. 㣗⟶⌮࠾ࡅࡿၥ㢟Ⅼ ¾ ᣦᑟෆᐜࢆᏲࡽ࡞࠸ ¾ 㣗ෆᐜࢆグ㘓ࡋ࡞࠸㸦グ㘓ᛀࢀࠊ㠃ಽ㸧 ¾ ბࡢሗ࿌. z. ᭹⸆⟶⌮࠾ࡅࡿၥ㢟Ⅼ ¾ 㣧ࡳᛀࢀ ¾ グ㘓ᛀࢀ ¾ ბࡢሗ࿌. ࠸ࡎࢀ࠾࠸࡚ࡶࠊᝈ⪅ࡀᣦᑟෆᐜࢆᏲࡽ࡞࠸ࠊグ㘓ࢆᛀࢀࡿࠊბࡢሗ࿌ࢆࡍ ࡿࡇࡀ࡞ၥ㢟Ⅼ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀᨵࡵ࡚ᾋࡁ᙮ࡾ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ. 11.
(24) 㸰 㸬㸱㸬㸰 ࢙࢘ ࣛࣈ ࣝᗣ ⟶⌮ࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒ ࡢࢥࣥ ࢭ ࣉࢺ ୖ㏙ࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝ࡛⏕ά⩦័ᨵၿᣦᑟ࠾ࡅࡿၥ㢟Ⅼࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓࡀࠊࡇ ࢀࡽࡣ་⒪ᚑ⪅ഃࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡛࠶ࡾࠊᝈ⪅ഃࡢ❧ሙࡶ⪃៖ࡋࡓୖ࡛ࠊ┠ᣦ ࡍࡁࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢせ௳ࢆ᳨ウࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ ་⒪ᚑ⪅ࡣࠊ㐠ື⟶⌮ࠊ㣗⟶⌮࠾࠸࡚ࠊࡇࢀࡽ㛵㐃ࡍࡿሗࢆᢕᥱࡋ ࡓ࠸ࡀࠊ㛵㐃ࡍࡿሗࢆグ㘓ࡋ⥆ࡅࡿࡇࡣᝈ⪅ഃࡢ㈇ᢸ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ Ⅼࡀ⌧≧ࡢၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ་⒪ᚑ⪅ഃࡋ࡚ࡶࠊᝈ⪅ẖࡑࡢ㐠ື⟶⌮ࠊ 㣗⟶⌮ࡢ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱࡋࠊࡑࡢᝈ⪅ࡢ≧ែྜࢃࡏࡓ㐺ษ࡞ᣦᑟࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡣ㠀 ᖖ㈇ᢸࡀࡁ࠸ࠋ ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊᝈ⪅ഃࡢ㈇ᢸࢆ㍍ῶࡋࡘࡘ་⒪ᚑ⪅ഃࡢࢽ࣮ࢬࢆ‶ࡓࡍᗣ⟶⌮ ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᚲせᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿࠋࡇࢀࢆ㋃ࡲ࠼ࠊᮏ❶࡛㛤Ⓨࡍࡿᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ ࣒ࡢࢥࣥࢭࣉࢺࢆࠕᡭ㍍࡛☜ᐇ࡞⏕ά⩦័⟶⌮ࡢᐇ⌧ࠖࡋࠊࡑࢀᚲせ࡞せ௳ ࢆ௨ୗࡢ㏻ࡾࡋࡓࠋ. z. ᝈ⪅ࡢ㈇ᢸࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿ ᪥ᖖ⏕ά࠾ࡅࡿ⥅⥆ⓗ࡞⏕ά⩦័⟶⌮ࡢࡓࡵࡣࠊᝈ⪅ࡢ㈇ᢸࢆᴟຊ㍍ ῶ ࡍ ࡿ ᚲ せ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋᚲ せ ࡞ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡣ ᑠ ᆺ ㍍ 㔞 ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡀ ồ ࡵ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ඹ ࠊ ᝈ⪅ࡼࡿࢹ࣮ࢱධຊ࡞ࡢ᧯సࡣᴟຊῶࡽࡍࡇࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࠋ. z. ᚲせ࡞ሗࢆ☜ᐇ㞟ࡍࡿ 㐠ື⟶⌮ࠊ㣗⟶⌮ࠊ᭹⸆⟶⌮࠾࠸࡚ࠊᚲせࡉࢀࡿሗࡣ☜ᐇ㞟 ࡍࡿࠋࢭࣥࢩࣥࢢྍ⬟࡞ሗ࡛࠶ࢀࡤࢭࣥࢧࡼࡾ⮬ື࡛ධຊࡋࠊࢭࣥࢩࣥ ࢢࡀᅔ㞴࡞ࡶࡢࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ☜ᐇධຊࡍࡿᕤኵࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ. z. ࢹ࣮ࢱධຊࡢᡭ㛫ࢆ㍍ῶࡍࡿ ᚲせ࡞ሗࡢ࡚ࢆᝈ⪅ࡀᡭධຊࡍࡿࡇࡣ㈇ᢸࡀࡁࡃ㛗⥆ࡁࡋ࡞࠸ࠋ ࢭࣥࢩࣥࢢྍ⬟࡞ሗࡣࢭࣥࢧ࡛⮬ືධຊࡋࠊᡭධຊࡀᚲせ࡞㡯┠ࡣࡑࡢᡭ 㛫ࢆᴟຊ㍍ῶࡍࡿࢧ࣏࣮ࢺᶵ⬟ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ. z. ≧ἣᛂࡌ࡚ࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ࡞ሗᥦ౪ࢆ⾜࠺ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ᢏ ⾡ ࡼ ࡾ ᝈ ⪅ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ࢆ ᖖ ᢕ ᥱ ࡋ ࠊ ⏕ ά ⩦ ័ ᨵ ၿ 㸦 ⾜ ື ኚ ᐜ 㸧ࠊ ࢹ࣮ࢱධຊ࡞㐺ࡋࡓࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ࡛ࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ࡞ሗᥦ౪㸦⏕ά⩦័ᨵၿ. 12.
(25) ࢻࣂࢫࠊࢹ࣮ࢱධຊᣦ♧࡞㸧ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊຠᯝⓗࡘ☜ᐇ࡞ᗣ⟶⌮ࢆᐇ ⌧ࡍࡿࠋ. 㸰 㸬㸲 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᵓᡂ. 㸰 㸬㸲㸬 㸯 యᴫせ ᅗ 2-8 ♧ ࡍ ࡼ ࠺ ࠊ ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ PDA 㸦 Personal Digital Assistant㸧 ࡛ ᵓ ᡂ ࡍ ࡿ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ᗣ ⟶ ⌮ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ ࢆ 㛤 Ⓨ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ. ᅗ 2-8 ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ᗣ ⟶ ⌮ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡣ ࠊ3 ㍈ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࠊග 㟁 ⬦ Ἴ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࠊGSR 㸦 Galvanic Skin Response 㸸 ⓶ 㟁 Ẽ ᛂ 㸧 ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࠊ ࣮ࢨࡢ⏕యሗࢆ㐃⥆ィ. ᗘࢭࣥࢧ➼ࢆᦚ㍕ࡋࠊࣘ. ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊෆⶶࡢ࣐ࢡࣟࢥࣥࢺ࣮࡛ࣟࣛ⬦ᢿᩘ⟬. ฟ ࠊ ື స ≧ ែ ᥎ ᐃ ࡞ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ࢆ ࣜ ࣝ ࢱ ࣒ ⾜ ࠸ ࠊ ㄆ ㆑ ⤖ ᯝ ࢆ Bluetooth ࣔ ࢪ ࣗ ࣮ ࣝ ⤒ ⏤ ࡛ PDA ᐃ ᮇ ⓗ ㏦ ಙ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡋ ࠊ ࢧ ࣥ ࣉ ࣜ ࣥ ࢢ ࡢ 㒔 ᗘ ⏕ ࢹ ࣮ࢱࢆࡸࡾࡾࡍࡿ᪉ᘧẚ࡚ࠊ㏻ಙࢹ࣮ࢱ㔞๐ῶࠊᾘ㈝㟁ຊ๐ῶࢹ࣮ࢱฎ ⌮ ࡢ ศ ᩓ ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋPDA ࡛ ࡣ ࠊཷ ಙ ࡋ ࡓ ⌧ ᅾ ࡢ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ 㐣 ཤ ࡢ ᒚ Ṕ ࢆ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ . 13.
(26) ࢝ࣝ⾲♧ࡍࡿඹࠊࡑࢀࡽࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚㣗࣋ࣥࢺ᳨ฟ࡞ࠊࡼࡾ㧗ᗘ࡞≧ ἣㄆ㆑ࢆࣜࣝࢱ࣒⾜࠸ࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡢ≧ἣᛂࡌࡓࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ࡞⏕ά⩦័ᨵၿ ࣥࢫࢺࣛࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊィ. ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࢆ XML ᙧ ᘧ ࡛ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࣋ ࣮ ࢫ. ࡋࠊᐃᮇⓗࢧ࣮ࣂࢵࣉ࣮ࣟࢻࡍࡿࡇ࡛་ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱඹ᭷ࡶྍ⬟ ࡋࡓࠋ. 㸰 㸬㸲㸬 㸰 ⭎ ィᆺ ࢙࢘ ࣛࣈࣝ ⏕యࢭ ࣥࢧ ⭎ィᆺ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ⏕యࢭࣥࢧࡣࠊᑠᣦ╔ࡍࡿࢭࣥࢧ࣊ࢵࢻᮏయ࡛ᵓ ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ య እ ほ ࢆ ᅗ 2-9 ࠊ ╔ ࡢ እ ほ ࢆ ᅗ 2-10 ࠊࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ እ ほ ࢆ ᅗ 2-11 ࠊ ᶵ ⬟ ࣈ ࣟ ࢵ ࢡ ᅗ ࢆ ᅗ 2-12 ࠊ ᦚ ㍕ ࡋ ࡓ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ୍ ぴ ࢆ ⾲ 2-1 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ. ᅗ 2-9 ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ እ ほ. ᅗ 2-10 ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ╔ እ ほ. 14.
(27) ᅗ 2-11 ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ. Microcontroller (PIC16LF877) Bluetooth module. System controller. UART. EEPROM. Signal processor 2. IC. 10-bit A/D converters. LCD. Sensor head (small finger). Vibrator/ Speaker. Photoelectric pulse wave sensor. Amplifier. Thermometer1 GSR sensor1. Lithium-ion battery. Accelerometer GSR sensor2. Sensor module body (wrist). Wrist. Thermometer2. Wristwatch-shaped wearable sensor module. Environment. Thermometer3. ᅗ 2-12 ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ᶵ ⬟ ࣈ ࣟ ࢵ ࢡ ᅗ ⾲ 2-1 ᦚ ㍕ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ୍ ぴ ࢭࣥࢧ. ⏕యሗ. ♧ࡍᣦᶆ. 3 ㍈ຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧ. ᡭ㤳ຍ㏿ᗘ. ືస≧ែࠊṌᩘ. ග㟁⬦Ἴࢭࣥࢧ. ⬦Ἴ. ⬦ ᢿ ᩘ ࠊ⮬ ᚊ ⚄ ⤒ ά ື. GSR ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ 㸦 ᣦ ⭡ 㸧. Ⓨờ. ⢭⚄㸭ᚰ⌮≧ែ. GSR ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ 㸦 ᡭ 㤳 㸧. Ⓨờ. ᗘࢭࣥࢧ㸦ᣦ⭡㸧. ⓶. ᗘࢭࣥࢧ㸦ᡭ㤳㸧. ⓶. ⇕≧ែ ⢭⚄㸭ᚰ⌮≧ែ ⇕≧ែ. ᗘࢭࣥࢧ㸦⎔ቃ㸧 㸦⎔ቃ. 㸧. 15. 㸦⎔ቃ. 㸧.
(28) ᡭ㤳ࡢᮏయຍ࠼ࠊᑠᣦ╔ࡍࡿࢭࣥࢧ࣊ࢵࢻࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࡢࡣࠊᡭࡢᖹࡣࠊ ẟ⣽⾑⟶ࡀ⓶⾲㠃ከࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿࡓࡵࠊග㟁⬦Ἴࢭࣥࢧࡼࡿ⬦Ἴィ ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࠊ⢭⚄ᛶⓎờ࡞⢭⚄≧ែࡼࡿ㌟యࡢᛂࡀほ. 㐺ࡋ. ࡋࡸࡍ࠸㒊࡛. ࠶ࡿࡇࡀ⌮⏤࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ ࡣ ࠊ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ ᮏ య GSR ⏝ Ag/AgCl 㟁 ᴟ ࡛ ᵓ ᡂ ࡉ ࢀ ࠊ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ࡁ ࡉ ࡣ 51712mmࠊ 4812mmࠊ 㔜 ࡉ ࡣ ྜ ࢃ ࡏ ࡚ 5g ᑠ ᆺ ㍍ 㔞 ࡢ ᵓ ᡂ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ ᮏ య ࡣ ࠊ 㟷 Ⰽ LED㸦 ࣆ ࣮ ࢡ Ἴ 㛗 470nm㸧 ࣇ ࢛ ࢺ ࢲ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࠊ GSR ⏝ Ag/AgCl 㟁 ᴟ ࢆ ෆ ⶶ. ࣮࢜ࢻ࡛ᵓᡂࡋࡓග㟁⬦Ἴࢭࣥࢧࠊ. ࡋ ࡓ ࠋග 㟁 ⬦ Ἴ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡣ ࠊ࣊ ࣔ ࢢ ࣟ ࣅ ࣥ ࡀ ྾ ࡍ ࡿ Ἴ 㛗 ᖏ ࡢ ග㸦 470nm㸧ࢆ LED ࡽ↷ᑕࡋࠊ⾑ὶ㔞ࡢኚࡼࡗ࡚ᙉᙅࡍࡿᑕගࢆࣇ࢛ࢺࢲ࣮࢜ࢻ࡛ ⬦Ἴࡋ࡚ィ. ࡍࡿࠋග㟁⬦Ἴࢭࣥࢧࡢィ. ᐃࡋ. 㒊 ࡑ ࢀ 㐺 ࡋ ࡓ LED ࡢ Ἴ 㛗 . ࡘ ࠸ ࡚ ࡣ ࠊ ḟ ❶ ࡛ ヲ ࡋ ࡃ ⪃ ᐹ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ GSR ࡣ ⓶ ⾲ 㠃 ࡢ Ⓨ ờ ≧ ែ ࡼ ࡿ 2 ࡘ ࡢ Ag/AgCl 㟁 ᴟ 㛫 ࡢ ᢠ ኚ ࢆ ィ. ࡍࡿࠋୖ㏙ࡢ㏻ࡾࠊᡭࡢᖹࡣ⢭⚄ᛶⓎờ࡞⢭. ⚄ ≧ ែ ࡼ ࡿ ㌟ య ࡢ ᛂ ࡀ 㢧 ⴭ ⾲ ࢀ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࠊ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ ᦚ ㍕ ࡢ GSR ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࠊ ᗘࢭࣥࢧ࡛ᡭࡢᖹࡢⓎờࠊ⓶. ࢆィ. ࡋࠊᡭ㤳࠾ࡅࡿࡑࢀࡽࡢᕪศࢆぢ. ࡚⢭⚄≧ែ➼ࡢホ౯ࡶྍ⬟࡞ᵓᡂࡋࡓࠋ ࡁ ࡉ 264685mmࠊ 㔜 ࡉ 84g ⭎ ィ ࡢ ⭎ ィ ᆺ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ᮏ య ࡣ ࠊ 3 ㍈ຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧࠊ. ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ 㸦 ᡭ 㤳 ࠊ ⎔ ቃ 㸧ࠊ GSR ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ 㸦 ᡭ 㤳 㸧 ࢆ ᦚ ㍕ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ. ࣐ ࢡ ࣟ ࢥ ࣥ ࢺ ࣟ ࣮ ࣛ ࡣ ࠊ 50ms 㛫 㝸 㸦 20Hz㸧 ࡛ ྛ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡢ ಙ ྕ ࢆ A/D ኚ ࡋ ࠊ ⬦ᢿᩘ⟬ฟࠊືస≧ែ᥎ᐃ࡞ࡢ≧ἣㄆ㆑ࢆࣜࣝࢱ࣒⾜࠸ࠊㄆ㆑⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼ ࡧ ᚲ せ ᛂ ࡌ ࡚ ᡤ ᮃ ࡢ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡢ ⏕ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࢆ Bluetooth ࣔ ࢪ ࣗ ࣮ ࣝ ࡽ PDA 1 ⛊ 㛫 㝸 ࡛ ㏦ ಙ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ ᑦ ࠊ ᪥ ᖖ ⏕ ά ࡛ ᪥ ୰ ࢆ ㏻ ࡋ ࡚ ⏝ ࡛ ࡁ ࡿ ࡼ ࠺ 14 㛫 㐃 ⥆ ືసྍ⬟࡞タィࡋࡓࠋ. 㸰 㸬㸲㸬 㸱 ⏕ యࢭࣥ ࢧ࡛ࡢ ≧ἣㄆ ㆑ ෆⶶࡢ࣐ࢡࣟࢥࣥࢺ࣮࡛ࣟࣛ⬦ᢿᩘ⟬ฟࠊືస≧ែ᥎ᐃ࡞ࡢ≧ἣㄆ㆑ࢆࣜ ࣝ ࢱ ࣒ ⾜ ࠺ ࠋ ᚑ ᮶ ࠊ ࣘ ࣮ ࢨ ࡢ ⾜ ື ㄆ ㆑ 㛵 ࡍ ࡿ ◊ ✲ ࡣ ࠊ ⭜ [21]ࡸ ⭸ [22] ࡞ࡢయᖿ╔ࡋࡓࢭࣥࢧࢆ⏝࠸ࡓࡶࡢࡀከࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢ㒊ࡣࠊṌ⾜ࠊ ㉮⾜࡞ࡢ㌟㐠ືࡸࠊጼໃࡢኚࢆᤊ࠼ࡿࡇ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡑࢀࡽ௨እࡢ ⾜ື㸦㣗ࠊࢹࢫࢡ࣮࣡ࢡ࡞㸧ࡢᢕᥱࡣ㐺ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡲࡓࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ㒊 ᪥ᖖ⏕ά࡛ࢭࣥࢧࢆ╔ࡋ࡚⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡣ୍⯡ⓗ࡛࡞ࡃࠊṔྐⓗᶵᲔࢆ㌟ ࡅࡿࡇࡀே㢮ཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓᩘᑡ࡞࠸㒊࡛࠶ࡿᡭ㤳ࡢ╔ࢆࢱ ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࡋࡓࠋi 19 ୡ ⣖ ᚋ ༙ ㄌ ⏕ ࡋ ࠊࡑ ࡢ ᚋ ࠊᐇ ⏝ ᛶ ࡶ ࣇ ࢵ ࢩ ࣙ ࣥ ᛶ ࡋ ࡚ ࡢ ㍈ ࡶ ຍ ࢃ ࡗ ࡚ ᗈ ࡃ ᬑ ཬ ࡋ ࠊ㌟ ࡅ ࡚ ⏝ ࡍ ࡿ ᶵ ჾ࣭ჾ ල ࡋ ࡚ ࡣ ࠊ║ 㙾 ࡶ ᭱ ࡶ ཷ ࡅ ධ ࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢゝ࠼ࡿࠋ. i⭎ ィ ࡣ. 16.
(29) ࡲࡎࠊ᪥ᖖ⏕ά࠾ࡅࡿ㐠ື≧ែᢕᥱ᭷⏝࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡿṌ⾜ࠊ㉮⾜ࠊࢹࢫ ࢡ ࣡ ࣮ ࢡ ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ࢆ ᳨ ウ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ື స ࡢ ᡭ 㤳 ╔ 3 ㍈ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡢ ฟ ຊ ࢆ ᅗ 2-13 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ ࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ⾜ ື ࡢ Ἴ ᙧ ≉ ᚩ ࢆ 㚷 ࡳ ࠊ ࡲ ࡓ ᾘ ㈝ 㟁 ຊ ➼ ࢆ ⪃ ៖ ࡋ ࡚㜈್ᕪࢆ࣮࣋ࢫࡋࡓィ⟬㔞ࡢᑡ࡞࠸ືసㄆ㆑ࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋࣇ ࣟ ࣮ ࢳ ࣕ ࣮ ࢺ ࢆ ᅗ 2-14 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ Ṍ ⾜ ࠊ ㉮ ⾜ ࠊ ࢹ ࢫ ࢡ ࣡ ࣮ ࢡ ࠊ Ᏻ 㟼 ࡢ 4 ⾜ ື ᑐ ࡍࡿᛶ⬟ホ౯ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ⤖ᯝࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢ⾜ື㝈ᐃࡍࢀࡤᮏࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࡼࡾ⣙ 90%ࡢ ⢭ ᗘ ࡛ ㄆ ㆑ ྍ ⬟ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࢆ ☜ ㄆ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ. ᅗ 2-13 ྛ ື స ࡢ 3 ㍈ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ฟ ຊ . ᅗ 2-14 ィ ⟬ 㔞 ࢆ ᢚ ࠼ ࡓ ື స ㄆ ㆑ ࣝ ࢦ ࣜ ࢬ ࣒. 17.
(30) ᮏࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒࡛ࡣࠊṌ⾜ࠊ㉮⾜ࡣṌᩘࡶ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡍࡿࠋṌᩘ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡢ ⢭ ᗘ ࡣ ࠊᕷ ㈍ ࡢ ⭜ ╔ ᆺ ࡢ Ṍ ᩘ ィ ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ㄗ ᕪ 19%⛬ ᗘ ࡞ ࡗ ࡓ ࡓ ࡵ ࠊࡉ ࡽ ࡞ ࡿ ⢭ᗘᨵၿࡀᚲせ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀࠊ᪥ࠎࡢ㐠ື⟶⌮࠾࠸࡚ࡣࡑࡢ⤯ᑐ್ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ┦ ᑐⓗ࡞ኚࡶ㔜せ࡞せ⣲࡛࠶ࡾࠊᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒࠾࠸࡚ࡣィ⟬㔞ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ᮏࣝࢦ ࣜࢬ࣒ࡼࡿ᪥ࠎࡢṌᩘࡢኚࡢᢕᥱࢆ║ࡋࡓࠋ ࡲࡓࠊග㟁⬦Ἴࢭࣥࢧࡽᚓࡽࢀࡿ⬦Ἴࡽࠊ⬦Ἴ㛫㝸ࢆ⟬ฟࡋ▐⬦ᢿᩘࢆ ᚓࡿࠋࢭࣥࢧ㏆ࡢ㌟యࡢືࡁࡼࡾࣀࢬࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓሙྜࡣࠊືࡁࡼࡾ⾑ὶ ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡀኚࡍࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊࡁ࡞ືࡁࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ㝿ࡣ⬦ᢿᩘ⟬ฟࢆ⾜ ࢃ࡞࠸࡞ࡢࣀࢬᑐ⟇ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ⢭ᗘྥୖࢆᅗࡗࡓࠋ. 㸰 㸬㸲㸬 㸲 PDA ࡛ ࡢ ≧ ἣ ㄆ㆑ PDA ࡣ ࠊ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࠾ ࡅ ࡿ ≧ ἣ ㄆ ㆑ ࡢ ⤖ ᯝ ࠊ࠾ ࡼ ࡧ ྛ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡢ ⏕ࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ 1 ⛊㛫㝸࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࠊࣜࣝࢱ࣒ࢢࣛࣇ⾲♧ࡍࡿࠋ⾲♧ࡢ୍ࢆᅗ 2-15 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ. ে৬崣嵛崝 岵峳峘నਯ 崯嵤崧峼 োৡ峁峉୫হ ઍ峕峲峵ၭ 崓嵕嵒嵤 ઈٔ੦ຊ ৻ප నਯ岵峳ল ফೡ৬ ਙશ岵峳ল ਸச২崣嵛崝峕 峲峵ੳ. ੑ崯嵤崧峘嵒崊 嵓崧崌嵈ં. ᅗ 2-15 PDA ⾲ ♧ ⏬ 㠃 ⏬㠃ୖࠊ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ⏕యࢭࣥࢧࡽྲྀᚓࡋࡓṌᩘࠊྛࢭࣥࢧࢹ࣮ࢱࠊືస ≧ែࢆࣜࣝࢱ࣒⾲♧ࡍࡿඹࠊᦤྲྀ࣮࢝ࣟࣜᾘ㈝࣮࢝ࣟࣜࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫ. 18.
(31) ≧ែ࡞ࡶࢃࡾࡸࡍࡃ⾲♧ࡍࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࠊṌᩘࡽ⟬ࡋࡓᾘ㈝࣮࢝ࣟࣜࠊ ᇶ ♏ ௦ ㅰ ࡼ ࡿ ࡶ ࡢ [23]ࢆ ᥎ ᐃ ࡋ ࠊ ࡑ ࢀ ࡢ ࢆ ⥲ ᾘ ㈝ ࢝ ࣟ ࣜ ࣮ ࡋ ࡚ ⾲ ♧ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ 㸰㸬㸱㸬㸯⠇ࡢࣥࢣ࣮ࢺㄪᰝ࡛ࡣࠊ㣗㛫ᖏࡢሗࡶ㣗⟶⌮ࡢୖ࡛ࡣ㔜 せ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㣗ෆᐜࡢグ㘓ࡶᦤྲྀ࣮࢝ࣟࣜࡸᰤ㣴ࣂࣛࣥࢫࡢᢕ ᥱ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡀࠊ㛫ࡀ⤒ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࠊධຊࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶఱࢆ㣗ࡓᛀ ࢀ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚ධຊ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠋ㣗ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆࢭࣥࢧ᳨࡛▱࡛ࡁࢀࡤࠊ㣗 㛫ࡢグ㘓ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊ㣗ᚋࡍࡄ㣗ෆᐜࡢධຊࢆಁࡋ࡚☜ᐇධຊࡉࡏࡿᶵ⬟ ࡢᐇ⌧ࡀᮇᚅ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ. 㣗࣋ࣥࢺ᳨ฟࡢ᳨ウ ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ⏕యࢭࣥࢧ࡛ྲྀᚓࡋࡓࢹ࣮ࢱࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࠊ㣗࣋ࣥࢺࢆ᳨ฟྍ⬟ ホ ౯ ࡍ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࠊࠕ 㣗 ࠖࠕ ࢡ ࣞ ࣌ ࣜ ࣥ ᳨ ᰝ i i ࠖࠕ ࣅ ࢹ ࢜ 㚷 ㈹ ࠖࠕ ㄞ ᭩ ࠖࠕ ヰ ࠖࠕ TV ࢤ ࣮ ࣒ ࠖࡢ ྛ ࢱ ࢫ ࢡ ࡢ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ 㞟 ࢆ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ⿕ 㦂 ⪅ ࡣ 20㹼 40 ௦ ࡢ 10 ྡ㸦 ⏨ ᛶ 9 ྡࠊዪᛶ 1 ྡ㸧࡛ࠊ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ⏕యࢭࣥࢧࡼࡾࡇࢀࡽࡢྛࢱࢫࢡࡢ⬦ᢿ ᩘ ࠊ GSRࠊ ⓶ . ᗘ ࢆ 㞟 ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ 㞟 ࡋ ࡓ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࡢ ୍ ࢆ ᅗ 2-16 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ GSR. ࡽࡣⓎờࡼࡿࣆ࣮ࢡฟ⌧ࡢ࣋ࣥࢺⓎ⏕ࡢ㢖ᗘࢆ࢝࢘ࣥࢺࡋࡓࠋ⤖ᯝࢆ⾲ 2-2 ᅗ 2-17 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ. Eating. Quiet. Conversation. ЌSkin temperature. Temperature (deg C). GSR (uS) Pulse rate (bps). Quiet. ЌPulse rate 䊼GSR. ᅗ 2-16 ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ 㞟 ⤖ ᯝ ࡢ ୍ . ṇ ᘧ ࡣ ࠕ ෆ ⏣ ࢡ ࣞ ࣌ ࣜ ࣥ ⢭ ⚄ ᳨ ᰝ ࠖ ࠋ 1 ิ ୪ ࢇ ࡔ 1 ᱆ ࡢ ᩘ Ꮠ 㸦 3ࠥ 9㸧 ࡢ ㊊ ࡋ ⟬ ࢆ ⧞ ࡾ ㏉ ࡋ ࠊ 1 ศ ⤒ ࡗ ࡓ ࡽ ḟ ࡢ ิ ⛣ ື ࠊ ࡑ ࢀ ࢆ ⧞ ࡾ ㏉ ࡍ ࠸ ࠺ ࡶ ࡢ ࠋ ๓ ༙ 15 ศ ࠊ 5 ศ ࡢ ఇ ᠁ ࢆ ᣳ ࢇ ࡛ ᚋ ༙ 15 ศ ࡢ ྜ ィ 30 ศ ⾜ ࠺ ࠋ1 ศ ࡈ ࡢ ィ ⟬ 㔞 ࠊ⤒ ⓗ ࡞ ィ ⟬ 㔞 ࡢ ኚ 㸦సᴗ᭤⥺㸧ࠊㄗ⟅ᩘࡽಶࠎࡢᛶ᱁࣭⫋ᴗ㐺ᛶࢆࡳࡿࡇࡀ࡞┠ⓗࠋ. ii. 19.
(32) ⾲ 2-2 ࢱ ࢫ ࢡ ẖ ࡢ ⬦ ᢿ ᩘ ࠊ GSR ࡢ ኚ . ᅗ 2-17 ࢱ ࢫ ࢡ ࠊ ⬦ ᢿ ᩘ ࠊ GSR ฟ ⌧ 㢖 ᗘ ࡢ ኚ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ 㣗 ࡢ ሙ ྜ ࠊᏳ 㟼 ᑐ ࡋ ࡚ ⬦ ᢿ ᩘ ࡣ ࡁ ࡃ ୖ ᪼ ࡍ ࡿ ୍ ᪉ ࠊGSR ࡣ ࢇ ᛂ ࡀ ฟ ࡞ ࠸ ࠋࡑ ࢀ ௨ እ ࡢ ࢱ ࢫ ࢡ ࡛ ࡣ ⬦ ᢿ ᩘ ࡀ ࡁ ࡃ ୖ ᪼ ࡍ ࡿ ሙ ྜ ࠊGSR ࡶ ୍ ⥴ ᛂ ࡍ ࡿ ഴ ྥ ࡀ ぢ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࡓ ࡵ ࠊ ⬦ ᢿ ᩘ GSR ╔ ┠ ࡍ ࡿ ࡇ ࡛ 㣗 ࣋ ࣥ ࢺ ࢆ᳨ฟ࡛ࡁࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ♧၀ࡉࢀࡿ⤖ᯝࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓࠋ㣗ࡢࡔࡅഴྥࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡇ ࡢᶵᗎࡣୗグࡢ㏻ࡾ⪃ᐹࡍࡿࠋ. z. ⬦ᢿᩘୖ᪼. 㣗ࡼࡿᄮ㐠ືࠊᾘჾᐁࡢάᛶࡼࡾ⬦ᢿᩘࡣୖ᪼ࡍࡿࠋ. 20.
(33) z. GSR ฟ ⌧ 㢖 ᗘ ప ୗ. GSR ࡣ ⥭ ᙇ ≧ ែ ࡞ ឤ ⚄ ⤒ ࡀ ඃ ࡞ ≧ ែ ࡛ ࡑ ࡢ ฟ ⌧ 㢖 ᗘ ࡀ ቑ ຍ ࡍ ࡿ ࠋ㣗 ࡢሙྜࠊࡲࡎ㣗๓どぬࠊႥぬࡢ่⃭ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ㣗୰ࡣ㣗㐨ࠊ⫶ቨࡢ ≀⌮ⓗ࡞่⃭ࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊࡇࢀࡽࢆᨭ㓄ࡍࡿ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࡀάᛶࡍࡿ ࡀࠊ⮚ჾ⾜ࡃ㏞㉮⚄⤒ࡣ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒ࠊ≉ឤ⚄⤒ࡋ࡚ࡢാࡁࡀᙉ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ ᣕᢠࡍࡿឤ⚄⤒ࡢάືࡀᢚไࡉࢀࡿࠋ. ୖグࡢᶵᗎࡼࡾࠊ㣗ࡢࡣ⬦ᢿᩘࡀୖ᪼ࡍࡿࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎࠊࡢࢱࢫࢡ 㐪 ࡗ ࡚ GSR ฟ ⌧ 㢖 ᗘ ࡣ ቑ ຍ ࡋ ࡞ ࠸ ⪃ ࠼ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࠋ ࡇ ࡇ ࡛ ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡓ ▱ ぢ ࢆ ࡶ ࠊ ⬦ ᢿ ᩘ GSR ฟ ⌧ 㢖 ᗘ ╔ ┠ ࡋ ࡓ 㣗 ࣋ ࣥ ࢺ ᳨ ฟ ࡢ ྍ ⬟ ᛶ ࢆ ᳨ ド ࡋ ࡓ ࡀ ࠊ㣗 ࢆ 㛤 ጞ ࡋ ࡓ ࡇ ࡣ 2 ศ ௨ ෆ 90%௨ ୖ ࡢ ⢭ ᗘ ᳨࡛ฟ࡛ࡁࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ㣗ࡢ⤊ࢆࠊ༶ᛶࢆᣢࡗ᳨࡚▱ࡍࡿࡇࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡇ ࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ㣗ࡀ⤊ࡋ࡚ࡶᾘჾᐁࡢάື࡞ࡼࡾࠊࡍࡄ⬦ᢿ ᩘࡀୗࡀࡽ࡞࠸ࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ㣗࣋ࣥࢺ᳨ฟࡢ༶ᛶࢆྥୖࡉࡏࡿࡓࡵࠊᅗ 2-18 ࡢ ࡼ ࠺ 㣗 క ࡗ ࡚ Ⓨ ⏕ ࡍ ࡿ ≉ ᚩ ⓗ ࡞ ື స ࢆ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡛ ᤊ ࠼ ࡿ ࡇ ࡀຠᯝⓗ⪃࠼ࠊຍ㏿ᗘࢭࣥࢧࡢሗࡶຍࡍࡿࡇࢆ᳨ウࡋࡓࠋ. ᅗ 2-18ࠕ 㣗 ≀ ࢆ ཱྀ 㐠 ࡪ ࠖ ≉ ᚩ ⓗ ࡞ ື స ࢆ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡛ ᳨ ฟ. ⿕ 㦂 ⪅ 3 ྡ ࡛ 㣗 ࢱ ࢫ ࢡ 8 ࢭ ࢵ ࢺ ࠊ 㣗 ௨ እ ࡢ ࢱ ࢫ ࢡ ࡋ ࡚ࠕ ࢡ ࣞ ࣌ ࣜ ࣥ ᳨ ᰝ ࠖࠕ 㡢 ᴦ 㚷 ㈹ ࠖࠕ ᪂ ⪺ ࢆ ㄞ ࡴ ࠖࠕ PC స ᴗ ࠖࠕ Ᏻ 㟼 ࠖࠕ ࠾ Ⲕ ࢆ 㣧 ࡴ ࠖࠕ 㟁 ヰ ࡛ ヰ ࡍ ࠖ ࠕ ṑ ࢆ ☻ ࡃ ࠖࠕ ㄞ ᭩ ࢆ ࡍ ࡿ ࠖࠕ ࡓ ࡤ ࡇ ࢆ ྾ ࠺ ࠖࠕ 㣗 ࡢ ࡩ ࡾ㸦 ᐇ 㝿 ࡣ 㣗 ࡞ ࠸ 㸧ࠖࡢ ࢹ࣮ࢱ㞟ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ㣗ࠊ㣗ᚋࠊ㣗௨እࡢ 3 ࢡࣛࢫၥ㢟ࡋ࡚Ỵᐃᮌࡢࣔࢹࣝ. 21.
(34) ᵓ⠏ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊⓎờ㢖ᗘࠊZ ㍈ຍ㏿ᗘࠊY ㍈ຍ㏿ᗘࠊ⬦ᢿᩘ࡞ࡀ㣗ㄆ㆑᭷ຠ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࡇ ࡀ ࢃ ࡗ ࡓ [24]ࠋ ࡲࡓࠊຍ㏿ᗘሗࢆ⏝ࡋࡓሙྜࡢ᪉ࡀࠊ⏝ࡋ࡞࠸ሙྜẚ࡚ࠊ㣗᳨ฟ ⢭ ᗘ ࡀ 㧗 ࡃ ࡞ ࡿ ࡇ ࡶ ☜ ㄆ ࡋ ࡓ ࠋ ⤖ ᯝ ࢆ ⾲ 2-3 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ. ⾲ 2-3 㣗 ࠊ 㣗 ᚋ ࠊ 㣗 ௨ እ ࡢ 3 ࢡ ࣛ ࢫ ࡢ ㄆ ㆑ ᑐ ࡍ ࡿ ࢚ ࣛ ࣮ ⋡. 䚷䚷䜶䝷䞊⋡䠄䠂䠅 ຍ㏿ᗘ䛺䛧. ຍ㏿ᗘ䛒䜚. 㣗䚷 㣗ᚋ䚷 䛭䜜௨እ య カ⦎䝕䞊䝍䚷䚷 㻝㻝㻚㻡 㻞㻣㻚㻠 㻡㻚㻜 㻢㻚㻟 䝔䝇䝖䝕䞊䝍䚷 㻞㻢㻚㻞 㻡㻣㻚㻝 㻤㻚㻢 㻝㻝㻚㻥 䝕䞊䝍䚷䚷䚷 㻝㻢㻚㻠 㻟㻡㻚㻢 㻢㻚㻜 㻣㻚㻥 カ⦎䝕䞊䝍䚷 㻝㻝㻚㻤 㻤㻚㻞 㻞㻚㻤 㻠㻚㻜 䝔䝇䝖䝕䞊䝍䚷 㻞㻜㻚㻥 㻞㻢㻚㻜 㻡㻚㻜 㻣㻚㻣 䝕䞊䝍䚷䚷䚷 㻝㻠㻚㻢 㻝㻠㻚㻜 㻟㻚㻡 㻡㻚㻞. ຍ㏿ᗘሗࡶ⏝ࡋࡓ㣗᳨ฟࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࠊࡑࡢࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࡼ ࡿ 㣗 ࣋ ࣥ ࢺ ᳨ ฟ ⢭ ᗘ ࡣ 92%࡛ ࠶ ࡗ ࡓ ࠋ㣗 ࣋ ࣥ ࢺ ᳨ ฟ ⤖ ᯝ ࡢ ୍ ࢆ ᅗ 2-19 ♧ࡍࠋ. ᅗ 2-19 㣗 ࣋ ࣥ ࢺ ᳨ ฟ ⤖ ᯝ ࡢ ୍ . 㸰 㸬㸲㸬 㸳 ࢱ ࣒ࣜ ࣮࡞ ሗᥦ౪ ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࡼࡾࠊືసࠊṌᩘ࡞ࡢ㐠ື≧ἣࠊ㣗࣋ࣥࢺࡀㄆ㆑࡛ࡁࡿ ࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡽࢆࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀࣜࣝࢱ࣒ᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ ࡞ሗᥦ౪ࢆྍ⬟ࡋࡓࠋ࡞ᶵ⬟ࢆ௨ୗㄝ᫂ࡍࡿࠋ. 22.
(35) ሗධຊࡢࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ࡞ᣦ♧ 㣗࣋ࣥࢺ᳨ฟࡼࡾࠊ㣗ࡢ㛤ጞࠊ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⤊࣮ࣘࢨ㣗ෆᐜࡢ ධຊࢆಁࡍ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆ⾲♧ࡍࡿࠋ๓㏙ࡋࡓࡀࠊ㣗ෆᐜࡣ㛫ࡀ⤒ࡘᛀࢀ࡚ ࡋࡲࡗ࡚ධຊ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡇࡀከࡃ࡞ࡿࡓࡵࠊ☜ᐇධຊࡉࡏࡿࡣࠊࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ ධຊࢆಁࡍᶵ⬟ࡀ᭷ຠ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㣗ෆᐜࢆ⮬ືⓗྲྀᚓࡍࡿࡇࡀ⌮ⓗ࡛࠶ࡾࠊ㣗⏬ീࢆᰤ㣴ኈ㏦ࡗ࡚ ࢻ ࣂ ࢫ ࡀ ᚓ ࡽ ࢀ ࡿ ࢧ ࣮ ࣅ ࢫ [ 2 5 ] ࡸ ࠊ㣗 ⏬ ീ ࡽ ⏬ ീ ㄆ ㆑ ࡛ 㣗 ෆ ᐜ ࢆ ྲྀ ᚓ ࡍ ࡿ ࢧ ࣮ ࣅ ࢫ [ 2 6 ] ࡞ ࡶ ⾜ ࢃ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࡀ ࠊᡭ 㛫 ࡸ ⢭ ᗘ ࡀ ౫ ↛ ࡋ ࡚ ㄢ 㢟 ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋᮏ ࢩ ࢫ ࢸ ࣒ ࡛ ࡣ ࠊ㣗 ࣓ ࢽ ࣗ ࣮ ࡢ つ ᶍ ࢹ ࣮ ࢱ ࣋ ࣮ ࢫ ࢆ ๓ ⏝ ព ࡋ ࡚ ࠾ ࡁ ࠊᅗ 2-20 ࡢࡼ࠺ࠊ㣗࣓ࢽ࣮ࣗࢆ㑅ࡪࡔࡅ࡛┠Ᏻ࡞ࡿ࣮࢝ࣟࣜࢆධຊ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡋ ࡚ᡭ㛫ࢆ㍍ῶࡋࠊ☜ᐇ࡞㣗ෆᐜࡢグ㘓ࢆྍ⬟ࡋࡓࠋ. . . ᅗ 2-20 㣗 ෆ ᐜ ධ ຊ . ᭹⸆࣭. ᐃࡢࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ࡞ᣦ♧. ⸆ࡢ㣧ࡳᛀࢀࡶᗣ⟶⌮ୖࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤ㣗ᚋ㣧ࡴ⸆ࡀ࠶ࡿሙྜࡣࠊ ๓ࢩࢫࢸ࣒Ⓩ㘓ࡋ࡚࠾ࡅࡤࠊ㣗࣋ࣥࢺ᳨ฟࡼࡾ㣗ᚋࢆ᳨ฟࡋࠊ㐺ษ ࡞ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ࡛᭹⸆☜ㄆࡢ࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆ⾲♧ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ㣧ࡳᛀࢀࢆ㜵ࡂࠊ᭹ ⸆グ㘓ࢆ☜ᐇṧࡍࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋ ࡲࡓࠊ⢾ᒀᝈ⪅ࡗ࡚ࠊ㣗ᚋࢆ㉳Ⅼ୍ᐃ㛫㝸࡛⾑⢾್ࢆ. ᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀ. 㔜せࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ㣗ᚋࡢ้ࢆ⮬ศ࡛ᢕᥱࡋࠊࡑࡢᚋᡤᐃࡢ้. ᐃࡍࡿ. ࡇࡣ㈇ᢸࡀࡁ࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ㣗࣋ࣥࢺ᳨ฟࡼࡾ㣗ᚋ้ࢆࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛⮬ ືⓗᢕᥱࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࠊ⾑⢾್. ᐃࡀᚲせ࡞ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ࡛ࢱ࣒࣮࣓ࣜࢵࢭ࣮ࢪ. ࢆ⾲♧ࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ ࠊ ࣓ ࢵ ࢭ ࣮ ࢪ ⏬ 㠃 ࡢ ୍ ࢆ ᅗ 2-21 ♧ ࡍ ࠋ. 23.
(36) ᅗ 2-21 ᭹ ⸆ ☜ ㄆ ࠊ ⾑ ⢾ ್. ᐃ☜ㄆ⏬㠃. 㐠ືࠊఇ᠁ࡢࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ࡞ᥦ ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࡼࡾࠊṌ⾜ࠊ㉮⾜࡞ࡢ㐠ືࡸࠊࢹࢫࢡ࣮࣡ࢡ࡞ࡀࣜࣝࢱ ࣒ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡀᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊ࠼ࡤࠊࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝᖒ㐃ືࡋࠊ㐠ື㊊ ࡢ࣮ࣘࢨࡀࠊࢫࢣࢪ࣮ࣗࣝࡀ≉↓࠸ఇ᪥࡞㐠ືࡋ࡞࠸࡛࠸ࡿሙྜᩓṌࢆ ಁࡋࡓࡾࠊࢹࢫࢡ࣮࣡ࢡࡀ㛗㛫⥆࠸࡚࠸ࡿሙྜఇ᠁ࢆಁࡋࡓࡾࠊࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ ࡞ࢱ࣑ࣥࢢ࡛ᗣ⧅ࡀࡿ㸦⾜ືኚᐜ㸧࣓ࢵࢭ࣮ࢪࢆᥦ♧ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ. ᅗ 2-22 㐠 ື ࠊ ఇ ᠁ ᥦ ⏬ 㠃 . 24.
(37) 㸰 㸬㸳 ࡲࡵ ࣮ࣘࢨࡢᡭ㤳╔ࡋࠊຍ㏿ᗘࠊ⬦ἼࠊⓎờ࡞ࡉࡲࡊࡲ࡞⏕యሗࢆࢭࣥࢩ ࣥ ࢢ ྍ ⬟ ࡞ ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࢆ 㛤 Ⓨ ࡋ ࠊPDA 㐃 ᦠ ࡋ ࡚ ᪥ ᖖ ⏕ ά ࠾ࡅࡿᡭ㍍࡞ᗣ⟶⌮ࢆࢧ࣏࣮ࢺࡍࡿ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝᗣ⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋ ࡓࠋ᪥ᖖ⏕ά࠾࠸࡚ࠊṌ⾜ࠊ㉮⾜ࠊసᴗ࡞ࡢせ⾜ືṌᩘࠊࡉࡽᗣ⟶ ⌮ୖ㔜せ࡞㣗࣋ࣥࢺࢆ᳨ฟࡍࡿ≧ἣㄆ㆑ᢏ⾡ࡼࡾࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡢ≧ἣᛂࡌ࡚ ࢱ࣒࣮ࣜ࡞ሗᥦ౪ࢆྍ⬟ࡋࠊ⏕ά⩦័ᨵၿ㸦⾜ືኚᐜ㸧ຠᯝⓗ࡞ᶵ⬟ࢆ ᐇ⌧ࡋࡓࠋ≉ࠊ㣗࣋ࣥࢺࢆ᳨ฟྍ⬟ࡋࡓࡇ࡛ࠊ㈇ᢸࡀᑡ࡞ࡃ☜ᐇ࡞㣗 ⟶⌮ࠊ᭹⸆⟶⌮࡞ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋࡓⅬࡀ≉㛗࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ ❶ ࡛ 㛤 Ⓨ ࡋ ࡓ ⭎ ィ ᆺ ࢘ ࢙ ࣛ ࣈ ࣝ ⏕ య ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡣ ࠊᅗ 2-11 ࡢ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࣊ ࢵ ࢻ ࢆ ᑠᣦ╔ࡋ࡚ࠊᡭࡢᖹ࡛⬦ἼࠊⓎờࠊ⓶. ࢆィ. ࡍࡿᵝࡋࡓࠋࡇࢀࡣࠊ. ᡭࡢᖹࡣ⓶⾲㠃㏆࠸ࡇࢁ⾑⟶ࡀከࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿࡓࡵ⬦Ἴィ. 㐺ࡋ࡚࠸. ࡿࡇࠊ⢭⚄ᛶⓎờࡀᡭࡢᖹ㢧ⴭⓎ⏕ࡍࡿࡇࡽ⢭⚄≧ែࡢ᥎ᐃ㐺ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡞ࡀ⌮⏤࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡋ࡞ࡀࡽࠊ᪥ᖖ⏕ά࠾࠸࡚ࠊᣦࢭࣥࢧࢆ ╔ࡋ⥆ࡅࡿࡇࡣࠊ࣮ࣘࢨࡗ࡚㈇ᢸ࡞ࡿࡇࡀணࡉࢀࡿࠋ ḟ❶࡛ࡣࠊࢱ࣮ࢤࢵࢺࢆ╧╀ィ ᡭ㤳࡛ࣟࣂࢫࢺ࡞⬦Ἴィ. ⤠ࡾࠊᚲせ᭱ᑠ㝈ࡢࢭࣥࢧࢆᦚ㍕ࡋࠊࡘ. ࢆᐇ⌧ࡋ࡚ᣦࡢࢭࣥࢧ╔ࢆ↓ࡃࡋࠊ⮬Ꮿ➼࡛᪥ᖖ. ⓗ╧╀≧ែࢆᡭ㍍ࢳ࢙ࢵࢡྍ⬟࡞࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ. 25.
(38) 㸱 㸬࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࡑࡢᛂ⏝ 㸱㸬㸯 ࡣࡌࡵ ࢫ ࢺ ࣞ ࢫ ࡀ ከ ࡃ ࠊ ࡘ 24 㛫 ࡋ ࡓ ⌧ ௦ ♫ ࠾ ࠸ ࡚ ࠊ ╀ ࡢ ࠸ ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ே ࡀ 38.1%ࠊ ╀ ࡢ ࠸ ࡀ ᑡ ࡋ ࠶ ࡿ ே ࡀ 18.4% ࠊ ༙ ᩘ ௨ ୖ ࡢ ே ࡀ ╧ ╀ Ᏻ ࢆ ᣢ ࡘ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ [ 2 7 ] ࠋ ࡲ ࡓ ⏕ ά ⩦ ័ ᝈ ⪅ ࡢ ༙ ᩘ ௨ ୖ 㸦 54.3%㸧 ࡀ ╀ ࠊ ࠶ ࡿ ࠸ ࡣ ╀ ࡢ ࠸ ࠶ ࡾ [28] ࡉ ࢀ ࠊ ⏕ ά ⩦ ័ ╧ ╀ ࡢ 㛵 ಀ ࡶ ὀ ┠ ࡉ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ ࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࠊ╧╀㞀ᐖࡣ⌧௦ࡢ୍ࡘ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ╧╀≧ែࢆࢳ࢙ࢵࢡ ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡣタഛࡢᩚࡗࡓᑓ㛛ᶵ㛵ᐟἩࡋࠊ⬻Ἴィ࡞ከᩘࡢࢭࣥࢧࢆ㌟య୰ ╔ ࡋ ࡚ ᑵ ᐷ ࡍ ࡿ ⤊ ኪ ╧ ╀ ࣏ ࣜ ࢢ ࣛ ࣇ ᳨ ᰝ [ 2 9 ] ࡀ ୍ ⯡ ⓗ ࡛ ࠊᝈ ⪅ ࡣ ࡶ ࡕ ࢁ ࢇ ࠊ᳨ ᰝࡍࡿഃࡗ࡚ࡶ㠀ᖖ㈇ᢸࡢࡁ࠸ࡶࡢ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⮬Ꮿ࡞࡛ ᡭ㍍╧╀≧ែࢆࢳ࢙ࢵࢡ࡛ࡁࡿ⨨ࡀồࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ. 㸱㸬㸰 ᚑ᮶◊✲ ୖ㏙ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⫼ᬒࡢୗࠊᅾᏯ࡞࡛ࡢ⏝ࢆ┠ᣦࡋࡓ╧╀ࣔࢽࢱࡢ◊✲㛤Ⓨࡀ ௨๓ࡼࡾ⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ Sadeh [ 3 0 ] ࡽ ࡣ ࠊ ╧ ╀ 㸭 ぬ 㓰 ࡢ ุ ᐃ ࢆ ࠊ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࢆ ⏝ ࠸ ࡚ ⾜ ࡗ ࡓ ࡀ ࠊ ຍ ㏿ ᗘ ࢭ ࣥ ࢧ ࡼ ࡿ య ື ሗ ࡔ ࡅ ࡛ ࡣ REM ╧ ╀ ࠊ NREM ╧ ╀ ࠊ ╧ ╀ ῝ ᗘ ࡞ ࠊ ヲ ⣽ ࡞ ╧╀≧ែࢆุᐃࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋࡇࢀᑐࡋࠊᚰᢿኚືゎᯒࡽࡢ⮬ᚊ ⚄⤒ゎᯒࢆ⏝ࡋ࡚ヲ⣽࡞╧╀≧ែࢆᢕᥱࡋࡼ࠺ࡋࡓྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳࡶ࠸ࡃࡘ⾜ࢃ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡿ [ 3 1 ] [ 3 2 ] [ 3 3 ] ࠋࡇ ࢀ ࡽ ࡢ ᚰ ᢿ ኚ ື ゎ ᯒ ࡼ ࡿ ╧ ╀ ゎ ᯒ ࡣ ࡘ ࡢ ㄢ 㢟 ࡀ ࠶ ࡿ ࠋ ୍ࡘࡣࠊ㌟యࡢືࡁ㸦ᐷ㏉ࡾ➼㸧ࡼࡗ࡚Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿࣀࢬࡼࡾࠊṇ☜࡞ᚰᢿኚ ືࡢゎᯒࡀᅔ㞴࡞ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡣࠊ⮬ᚊ⚄⤒άືࡣᖺ㱋ࠊᛶูࠊ㌟య ≧ἣ࡞ࡼࡗ࡚ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿࡓࡵಶேᕪࡀࡁࡃࠊ╧╀≧ែࡶ᪥୰ࡢάື≧ែ ࡸᴫ᪥ࣜࢬ࣒㸦ࢧ࣮࢝ࢹࣥࣜࢬ࣒㸧࡞ࠊ࠸ࢁ࠸ࢁ࡞せဨࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅࡿⅬ ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᮏ❶࡛ࡣࠊࣀࢬࣟࣂࢫࢺ࡞⬦Ἴィ. ᡭἲࠊಶேᕪࡸ᪥ෆኚືࡼࡿᙳ㡪. ࢆ⪃៖ࡋࡓ╧╀≧ែุᐃࣝࢦࣜࢬ࣒ࢆᥦࡋࠊ⮬Ꮿࡸ᪑ඛ࡛ᡭ㍍⏝ྍ⬟࡞ ࢙࢘ࣛࣈࣝ╧╀ࢭࣥࢧࢆᥦࡍࡿࠋ. 26.
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