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A REMARK ON A PAPER OF J. M. GREENBERG, R.C.MACCAMY AND V.J.MIZEL

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AREMARK ON A PAPER OF J・M・GRE餌BERG・

      ‘R.C. MACCAMY AND V. J. MIZEL*

       BY

KENJI NISHIHARA**

  1.Intr①duction..In this paper we give a remaτk on a paper[1]by J. M. G,㏄。b。,g, R. C M・・C・my・nd V.」. M泣・1, i・whi・h・n i・iti・1−b・und・・y・・lue problem fbr the equation        σ’似)Uxx+u。tx =Utt was treated. They showed the solution d㏄ays to zgro in the max㎞um norm with it、 d。,ivati。。、 up t・th・・㏄・nd・・d・・a・’→。。・We sh・n Sh・w・m・・e p・eciS・1y・ the solution with the derivatives up to the second order decays exponentially in the same norm, applying the method of P. H. Rabinowitz[3].   The author should like to express his sincere gratitude to Professor T. Kakita fbr his kind advices and constant encouragement.   2.Notations an己resロ1ts. For C2−function u on ST≡{(x,’)iO≦x≦1,0≦t≦T} (Tis an a正bitrary positive fixed numbCr).we put       l・(t)1・一Σ}、蒜、〃(・)・t∈[…コ        0≦α1+α2≦2

where

       lh(t)H乃ω1・−max lh(X,’)1・        0≦x≦1   Then the fbllowing theorem has been pToved hl[1]by J. M. Gr㏄nberg, R. C. MacCamy and V. J. M▲ze1.  THEoREM.([1;Theorems l and 2 and Lemma 5・6])   Assumptions: (。.1)1。t。b・a㎞・ti・n C・(一。。,。。)・u・h th・t・(0)−0・nd・’>0 (。.2)∫・nd g, gi・・nゴ㎞・ti・n・, are・C‘・and・C2・n[0・1コ・e・p㏄ti・・1y・nd vanish together wi血their second derivatives at x=O and 1.   Then there exists one and Only one solution u(x,’)∈C2(S。。)of the equation (E)Lu≡Utt−d(u。)Uxx−u・・…o satisfシ麺g the following.collditions: * R.㏄eived September 4,1974. **D。p。rtm。nt・f m・th・m・ti・・, S・h・・1・f S・i・n・e・and・E・gi・ee血g・Wa・eda University・ [37]

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38      K.NISHIHARA   (c.1)u(0,’)=〃(1,’)−0   (c.2)u(x,0)=ノてX),Ut(x,0)−9(x),0≦x≦1 (c・3)μ擁ヲ埠一4xxt onぷ、.   (c.4) there exists a constant M==M(f,.g), which tends to zero as lfl 2十Igl 2 tends to zero, such that       lu(t)1・≦M, Iu、,x(釧≦MO’≧o   (c・5)lm [u(t)1・−0,1im lu。、。(t)1−0.        t→。.      t→o。   Now we assert that the solution u(x, t)also satis丘es the condition:   (c・5)’.there. exist positive constantsγand C i皿dependent of t such that       lu(釧・≦Ce−rt,’ ’ lu#x(t)1≦Ce−rt.   3. Pmof of our assertion. F丘st we note that fbr any O(x,’)∈C2(5。。)with ψ(0,t)=の(1,t)・−O        IIe(釧1≦lo(t)|≦llψ。ωll≦1¢。(t)1≦ll¢xx(t)II≦1のxx(t)l

w・er・H・ll・−1:1・・(・)1・嚥・・∈L・(・,1).   .  ・

  Now fbr a丘xedλ,0<λ<1/2, we can rewrite        (Ut+λu)ム=O in divergence fbrm:          £(S:’・(・)吻+丁〃∼+ZUUt+争・2)       竜@’・ω+〃tU.・+・u・ω+・〃u.t)+(・.∼+・・ω〃.−Zu∼)一・.(・.1)        t Integrating both sides of(3.1)from O to 1 and takng the vanished boundary condi− tions into consideration we obtain        昔∫:・(x・t)dx+1:e(x,鋤一・,  (・.・)

where

      P(xの弍’・(・)吻+Tu∼+・・〃・+丁・〃∼,       ρ(x,t)=Ut.2+λ o(u。)Ux→u、2、 ・・(・・1)・1:・(カ)両≧・f・・anyξ∈(一・・,・・)・nd        !,’p(・・ ・)dx≧Tl:(〃∼一・・〃・2一丁・・+…z)此       ≧9(1−・・)1:〃∼dx+才1:〃・・dx,  (・.・) …ce∫:・・dx≦1:u・2dx・   By the mean value theorem

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     AREMARK ON A PAPER OF GREENBERG, MACCAMY AND MIZEL  39

      1:・(切dx≦1:(・触)・汁丁・’・+i・・2+iu・+i・・2)dx        ≦∼:(・’(・・θ・u・)・・u・2+1−ltl・1−Z u∼熾2)dx        ≦1>λ1:〃∼dx+(E・(M)+・)1:u∼dx  (…) where Iθi(x, t)1≦1@=1,2)and E1(a)=sup{σ’(’);ltl≦α}.

・i・ce∼:磁≦1:口

      1:・(・・’)dx≧1:(Ux∼一…∼+・・’(・・U・)U・・)dx        ≧(1−・)∼:・鍋品(M)∼:蹴

・    ≧(1−・)1:u・物+醐)∼:典  (…)

where lθ3(x,’)1≦1 and Eoω=inf{σ’ω;Itl≦a}.. Combining(3.4)and(3.5)we have       lle(・・ t)dx≧m翠諜(呈)1:P( )dx

       ≡・・∼:・(抽砒・,   (…)

From(3.2)       θ一・・’昔・…∼:P(抽dx+∼:(ρ(”一・・P(・・’))dx−・・ Hence by(3.6)       昔…’ll・(・…)dx≦・ ・h・・・・・…’P:・(・・’)d・・iS・卿・…9・・n・n一血・・6・Sin・血丘・…n・・’・nd        ∼:P(鋤dx≦・一…∼:・(…)dx・ Thus we obtain丘om(3.3)        ll〃,(t)ll≦CI exp(一γ1’/2), ll〃x(t)11≦C1‘exp(一γ1’/2).     (3.7) N・xt w・q・・ th・Ni・enbe・g’・桓・q・・晦亡2コ       llD∫〃ll・・≦・・P・t・ll功〃ll習II〃ll脇∫/傷・1≦ノ≦〃・1<〆。。・ Ta㎞9 P→m=2,ノ=1,〃=Ut we get       1]Ust(’)il≦const・llUxtx(’)ll1’211〃’(’)H112

and

      l〃t(t)1≦llUxt(’)ll≦C2 exp(一γit/4).      (3.8)       、   If we multiply Lμ=O by       ・xp(∼:、・’(Ux(…))吻) and integrate the resulting fbrm in’over(’1, t2), we’№? ■

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co

K.NISHHARA

for a11(x, t1, t2)with tl≦t2 the above resUlts we obtain       lUss(t)1≦1Ut(t)1十2M exp(−Eo(M)t/2)十IUt(t/2)1        ≦C3 exp(−r2t),γ2−min(γ、/8, E。(M)/2)

and

       IUs(t)1≦IlUxx(’)1|≦[Uxx(り|≦C3 exp(一γ2’). The fo皿owing lemma is proyed in[1;p721]. 〃..(x,’2)−Ut(x, t2)        ま 一p(一ll:d(u・(…o・)w)[u・細一⑭・)コ ー・xp(−1::・’@・(…))吻)1::〃・(x・・)・’(』))・xp(!ii・’蜘))吻)dr        . Takmg, especiaHy,’2=’, i1=’/2 and us血g(c.4)and (3.9)   LEMMA 1. Letφ(の(x,’)==d’(ux(x,’))uxx(x,’). Then fbr any丘xed positive num・

berδ

       α一・1…(・)1≦{淵麟瑠13鵬:)IL’≧δ:(、.1。) where llhllちδ=max [lh(τ)ll.        t≦τ≦t+δ   Putthlg(3.7),(3.9)into the illequality(3.10), we conclude       Iu・・(t)1≦C・gxp(一γ・t)…      (3.11) Also the foilowing lemma owes to口;p721, p723−5].   LEMMA 2. There e】dsts a poSitive K’(’,δ)fbr any’∈[0,◎◎)satisfyj皿9       1φω(x,η)一φ(u  lη一τ1112)(”1≦故・・)・’≦・≦’+6・ K・(’・・)≦Cs・xp(一・・’)・

Moreover,

         C6−・i・…(・)f≦{EI[;:;、…三11㌶翌ぱδ;:㍑一δ)1・t≧δ(、.12)          1〃・オω1≦1〃.’。ω1+1φfu)(t)1,      (3.13) where l乃1ちδ一max l乃(τ)1.        ’≦τ≦ま+δ   Putt桓g(3.9),(3.11)血to(3.12),(3.13)we get       lu。・i(t)1≦C・ exp(一γ・t),1〃,,(’)1≦Gexp(一γ、’), which complete the proo£ ﹂’ [1] [2] 13]        REFERENCES J.M、. Greenberg, R. C. MacCamy, and VJ. Mize1:0皿the Existence, U垣queness,.   and Stability of Solutions・of the Equationσ’(ux)usエ十auxtxニρ幽,」. Math. Mech.,   17 (1968),708−728. LN丘enberg:On elliptic partial differential equations, Ann. Scuola Norm. Super.  Pisa, ser.3, vo1.13(1959),1−48. P.H. Rabinowitz: Periodic Solutions of NonHnear Hyperbolic Paエtial Differential 輌tions, Co㎜. P町e App1. Math., Vo1.20(1967),145一⑳5.

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