ISSN 0386-4049 TECHNICAL REPORTS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE No. 51

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ISSN 0386-4049 TECHNICAL REPORTS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE No. 51

Highly developed precise analysis of atmospheric and oceanic sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 )

and evaluation of SF 6 standard gas stability

BY

Takayuki Tokieda, Masao Ishii, Shu Saito and Takashi Midorikawa Geochemical Research Department

᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲᛛⴚႎ๔

╙ 51 ภ

ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩ⿥ᓸ㊂౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛 (SF 6 ) ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻ ߣ

SF 6 ᮡḰࠟࠬߩ㐳ᦼ቟ቯᕈߩ⹏ଔ

ᤨᨑ㓉ਯޔ⍹੗㓷↵ޔᢧ⮮ ⑲ޔ✛Ꮉ ⾆㧔࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㧕

᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ

METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, JAPAN

December 2007

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METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE Established in 1946

Director-General: Mr. Manabu Komiya

Forecast Research Department Director: Dr. Masato Sugi Climate Research Department Director: Dr. Akio Kitoh Typhoon Research Department Director: Mr. Masaaki Togashi Physical Meteorology Research Department Director: Mr. Tadashi Aso Atmospheric Environment and

Applied Meteorology Research Department Director: Dr. Hiroatsu Maki Meteorological Satellite and

Observation System Research Department Director: Mr. Yozo Takayama Seismology and Volcanology Research Department Director: Mr. Shigeo Mori Oceanographic Research Department Director: Dr. Hiroshi Ishizaki Geochemical Research Department Director: Dr. Katsumi Hirose

1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0052 Japan

TECHNICAL REPORTS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Editor-in-chief: Yozo Takayama

Editors: Masahiro Hara Yuhji Kuroda Akihiko Murata Shigenori Haginoya Hiroaki Naoe Yuzo Mano Takeyasu Yamamoto Yosuke Fujii Masao Ishii Managing Editors: Takanori Mizuno, Toshiyuki Sakurai

The Technical Reports of the Meteorological Research Institute has been issued at irregular intervals by the Meteorological Research Institute since 1978 as a medium for the publication of technical reports, data reports and comprehensive reports on meteorology, oceanography, seismology and related earth sciences (hereafter referred to as reports) contributed by the members of the MRI and the collaborating researchers.

The Editing Committee reserves the right of decision on acceptability of manuscripts and is responsible for the final editing.

©2007 by the Meteorological Research Institute.

The copyright of reports in this journal belongs to the Meteorological Research Institute (MRI). Permission is granted to use figures, tables and short quotes from reports in this journal, provided that the source is acknowledged. Republication, reproduction, translation, and other uses of any extent of reports in this journal require written permission from the MRI.

In exception of this requirement, personal uses for research, study or educational purposes do not require permission from the MRI, provided that the source is acknowledged.

߅߽ߡ⴫⚕ⵣ㕙

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Highly developed precise analysis of atmospheric and oceanic sulfur hexafluoride (SF

6

) and evaluation of SF

6

standard gas stability

BY

Takayuki Tokieda, Masao Ishii, Shu Saito and Takashi Midorikawa Geochemical Research Department

ᄢ᳇߅ࠃ߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩ⿥ᓸ㊂౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛

(SF

6

)

ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻ ߣ

SF

6ᮡḰࠟࠬߩ㐳ᦼ቟ቯᕈߩ⹏ଔ

ᤨᨑ㓉ਯޔ⍹੗㓷↵ޔᢧ⮮ ⑲ޔ✛Ꮉ ⾆㧔࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㧕

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Ꮞ 㗡 ⸒

18

਎♿ߦ࡛࡯ࡠ࠶ࡄߢ↥ᬺ㕟๮߇⿠߈ߡએ᧪ޔ↥ᬺᵴേߩᵴ⊒ൻߦ઻߁ൻ⍹Άᢱᶖ⾌ߩჇᄢߦࠃߞߡޔᄢ᳇

ਛߢߪੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛╬ߩ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩỚᐲ߇Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆޕ․ߦޔ

20

਎♿ߩᓟඨߦߥࠆߣޔ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩỚ ᐲ਄᣹߇ỗൻߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦޔࡂࡠࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ㘃ߩ⊒᣿ߣ૶↪ߦࠃߞߡޔᣂߚߦߘࠇࠄߩỚᐲ਄᣹߽ടࠊߞߡ޿ࠆޕ ߎࠇࠄߩᓸ㊂᳇૕ߩỚᐲჇട߆ࠄ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆ࿾⃿ߩ᷷ᥦൻ߿ࠝ࠱ࡦጀߩ⎕უߪޔ᳓ᓴⅣߩᄌൻࠍ઻߁᳇୥ᄌൻ߿

ᶏ㕙᳓૏ߩ਄᣹ޔߘߩ⚿ᨐߣߒߡ㒽਄࡮ᶏᵗߩ↢ᘒ♽߳ߩᓇ㗀ߥߤࠍㅢߓߡޔੱ㘃ߩ↢ሽၮ⋚ࠍំࠆ߇ߒޔ࿖㓙

␠ળߩ቟ቯࠍ៊ߥ߁ᄢ߈ߥ໧㗴ߣ ᔨߐࠇߡ޿ࠆޕߎ߁ߒߚ⁁ᴫߩਅߢޔ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩಽᏓߣᄌേ߿ޔ↢ᘒ♽

ߩ᜼േߦ㑐ࠊࠆ‛⾰ᓴⅣߩ⎇ⓥߪޔ᳇୥ᄌേ࡮࿾⃿ⅣႺ໧㗴ߦ㑐ࠊࠆ⻉⃻⽎ࠍ⸃᣿ߒޔߘߩ዁᧪ࠍ੍᷹ߔࠆ਄ߢޔ

߹ߔ߹ߔ㊀ⷐᕈࠍჇߒߡ޿ࠆޕ

᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱߢߪޔ࿾⃿਄ߦ߅ߌࠆ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߣߘߩ㑐ㅪ‛⾰ࠍߪߓ߼ߣߔࠆൻቇ‛⾰ߩ᷹ቯ ᚻᴺߩ㐿⊒ޔᤨⓨ㑆ಽᏓߩ᷹ⷰޔ᷹ⷰ࠺࡯࠲ߩ⸃ᨆᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻߥߤࠍㅢߒߡޔ‛⾰ᓴⅣߦ㑐ߔࠆ↢‛࿾⃿ൻቇ

⊛ߥ⎇ⓥߦᷓߊ⽸₂ߒߡ߈ߚޕ

ᧄᛛⴚႎ๔ߦㅀߴࠆ౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛߽ޔߏߊᓸ㊂ߥ߇ࠄߘߩᒝജߥ᷷ቶലᨐߦࠃߞߡ࿾⃿ⅣႺߦᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߔߣ

⠨߃ࠄࠇޔޟ᳇୥ᄌേߦ㑐ߔࠆ࿖ㅪᨒ⚵᧦⚂ޠߦ߅޿ߡឃ಴ⷙ೙ኻ⽎ߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧢⒳㘃ߩ᷷ቶലᨐ᳇૕ߩ㧝ߟ ߣߥߞߡ޿ࠆޕ৻ᣇޔ౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛ߪޟ࿾⃿ൻቇ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯ޠߣߒߡޔᄢ᳇෸߮ᶏᵗߦ߅ߌࠆ‛ℂ⊛ߥᓴⅣ߿ᷙ

วㆊ⒟ࠍ⎇ⓥߔࠆ਄ߢ߽᦭↪ߥ᳇૕ߢ޽ࠆޕ

ߘߎߢޔ࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱߢߪޔᐔᚑ

16

ᐕᐲ߆ࠄⲢวဳ⚻Ᏹ⎇ⓥޟᄢ᳇࡮ᶏᵗ㑆෸߮ᶏᵗ⴫ጀߦ߅ߌࠆ὇㉄♽

ߩቄ▵࡮⚻ᐕᄌേߣߘߩࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߩ⸃᣿ߦ㑐ߔࠆ᷹ⷰ⊛⎇ⓥޠ߅ࠃ߮⑼ቇ⎇ⓥ⾌⵬ഥ㊄⎇ⓥޟᶏᵗ

CO

2ᄌേ

ߩቯ㊂ൻᛛⴚߩ㜞ᐲൻߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⊛⎇ⓥޠߩ߽ߣߢ౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺߩ㜞ᐲൻߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ߈ߚޕ౐ࡈ

࠶ൻ⎫㤛ߩ᷹ቯᚻᴺࠍ㜞ᐲൻߒޔᄢ᳇߿ᶏᵗߦ߅ߌࠆಽᏓ߿ᄌേࠍᛠីߔࠆߎߣߪޔߎࠇࠄߩ㕙߆ࠄ㊀ⷐߢޔߘ ߩ⺞ᩏ࡮⎇ⓥߩផㅴߦᄢ߈ߊነਈߔࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕߐࠄߦޔ᳇⽎ᐡߦ߅ߌࠆᛛⴚ⾗ᢱߣߒߡޔ੹ᓟߩ࿾⃿ⅣႺ

෸߮ᶏᵗ⺞ᩏߦ㑐ߔࠆᬺോߦ߽⽸₂ߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ

࿾⃿ൻቇ⎇ⓥㇱ㐳 ᐢἑ ൎᏆ

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Abstract

Atmospheric concentration of sulfur hexafluoride (SF

6

) has been increasing since the 1960s when it began being utilized by industries worldwide. Its contribution to global warming has been a growing concern because of its significant impact as a greenhouse gas and its long lifetime in the atmosphere. In consequence, SF

6

was selected as one of the gases for reduced emissions at the Third Session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in 1997.

SF

6

is also expected to be utilized as a chemical tracer for the circulation and the mixing processes in the atmosphere and ocean. It is very difficult to measure SF

6

in air and seawater due to its extremely low concentration.

Highly improved analytical systems and sampling techniques have been examined to measure SF

6

in air and seawater with high precision. Consequently, the precision of analysis of standard gas having the level of atmospheric SF

6

concentration was 0.31%, and that for replicate seawater samples with various SF

6

concentrations was usually 0.8%.

In addition, as a result of long-term monitoring for the SF

6

standard gas, it became practicable to

supply SF

6

standard gas that does not change in concentration for a long period, and the Meteorological

Research Institute SF

6

Calibration Scale (MRI SF

6

Calibration Scale) was established.

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᭎ ⷐ

౐ࡈ࠶ൻ⎫㤛㧔SF6㧕ߪޔ1960 ᐕએ㒠ߩᎿᬺᵴേߦߣ߽ߥߞߡޔߘߩᄢ᳇ਛỚᐲ߇ᕆỗߦჇടߒߡ޿ࠆޕߘ ߩᭂ߼ߡᒝജߥ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ⢻ߣޔᭂ߼ߡ㐳޿ᄢ᳇ਛߢߩኼ๮ߩߚ߼ޔ዁᧪ߦࠊߚࠆ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻ߳ߩነਈ߇ ᔨߐ ࠇߪߓ߼ޔ

1997

ᐕߩ╙㧟࿁᳇୥ᄌേᨒ⚵᧦⚂✦⚿࿖ળ⼏㧔

COP3

㧕ߦ߅޿ߡޔੑ㉄ൻ὇⚛㧔

CO

2㧕ޔࡔ࠲ࡦ㧔

CH

4㧕ޔ

৻㉄ൻੑ⓸⚛㧔N2

O㧕ޔࡂࠗ࠼ࡠࡈ࡞ࠝࡠࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ㘃㧔HFCs㧕ޔࡄ࡯ࡈ࡞ࠝࡠࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ㘃㧔PFCs㧕ߣߣ߽ߦ೥

ᷫኻ⽎‛⾰ߦᜰቯߐࠇߚޕ

SF

6ߪ߹ߚޔᄢ᳇߿ᶏᵗߩᓴⅣ߿ᷙวㆊ⒟ߩ⎇ⓥߩߚ߼ߩൻቇ࠻࡟࡯ࠨ࡯ߣߒߡߩ೑↪߇ᦼᓙߐࠇߡ޿ࠆޕᄢ

᳇ਛߩ

CO

2߿ࠢࡠࡠࡈ࡞ࠝࡠࠞ࡯ࡏࡦ㘃㧔CFCs㧕ߥߤߦ↪޿ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ᳇ᩇሽ࿷㊂᷹ቯߩߚ߼ߩశቇ⊛ᚻᴺ߇

SF

6ߦߟ޿ߡ߽㐿⊒ਛߢ޽ࠆ߇ޔ࿾⃿⑼ቇ⊛⻉ㆊ⒟ࠍࠃࠅ㜞޿♖ᐲߢℂ⸃ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪޔ㜞ኒᐲߥ᳓ᐔಽᏓߦ޽

ࠊߖߡ㋦⋥ಽᏓޔߔߥࠊߜỚᐲಽᏓߩขᓧ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆޕ߹ߚޔߣߊߦ

SF

6ߩᶏ᳓ਛߢߩᦨᄢỚᐲߪ⃻࿷ޔ㧝

fmol/kg㧔10

^-15

mol/kg㧕⒟ᐲߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ޔamol/kg㧔10

^-18

mol/kg㧕࡟ࡌ࡞ߩ᷹ቯ߇ⷐ᳞ߐࠇޔᔅὼ⊛ߦಽ㔌࡮Ớ

❗ߣ㜞ᗵᐲߩᬌ಴ེߩ೑↪߇ਇนᰳߣߥࠆޕ

ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔECDᬌ಴ེࠍ↪޿ߚࠟࠬࠢࡠࡑ࠻ࠣ࡜ࡈಽᨆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣᶏ᳓ߩណ᳓ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ㜞ᐲߦήᳪᨴൻ ߒޔ㜞♖ᐲߩᄢ᳇෸߮ᶏ᳓ਛߩ

SF

6ߩಽᨆࠍ⹜ߺߚޕߘߩ⚿ᨐޔᶏ᳓ਛߩ

SF

6ߩᬌ಴㒢⇇ࠍ

0.015fmol/kg

ߦ߹

ߢૐᷫߐߖࠆߎߣߦᚑഞߒߚޕ߹ߚޔᄢ᳇Ớᐲ࡟ࡌ࡞ߩᮡḰࠟࠬߩಽᨆࠍ

0.31 %ߩ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ♖ᐲޔ߅ࠃ߮⴫ጀ

ᶏ᳓ߩಽᨆࠍ

0.8r0.5

㧑ߩ➅ࠅ㄰ߒ♖ᐲߢⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߚޕߐࠄߦޔ᳇⽎⎇ⓥᚲ

SF

6ᮡḰࠟࠬ㧔MRI SF6

Calibration Scale

㧕ࠍ⏕┙ߔࠆߚ߼㐳ᦼߦࠊߚࠆࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߚ⚿ᨐޔᮡḰࠟࠬߩ቟ቯᕈ߇⏕⹺ߢ߈ޔ

ᄢ᳇⹜ᢱ߿ᶏᵗ⹜ᢱ߳ߩᔕ↪߇น⢻ߦߥߞߚޕ

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目　次

はじめに

１．六フッ化硫黄

(SF

6

)

について … … … 1

1-1 SF

6とは … … … 1

1-2 温室効果気体としての SF

6 … … … 1

1-3 大気中における SF

6 … … … 1

1-4 海洋における SF

6 … … … 2

1-5 地球化学トレーサーとしての SF

6 … … …

2

２．分析方法 … … …

5 2-1 達成目標 … … … 5

2-2 分析システムの概要 … … … 5

2-2-1

分離濃縮装置 … … … 5

2-2-2

カラム類 … … … 7

2-2-3

定容管 … … … 8

2-2-4

ガスクロマトグラフ … … … 9

2-3 試料採取 … … … 9

2-3-1

超微量海水溶存気体分析用試料瓶を用いた海水試料の採取 … … … 9

2-3-2

大気試料の採取 … … …

10 2-4 分析手順 … … … … 11

2-4-1

分析条件の設定 … … …

11 2-4-2

海水試料の分析 … … …

13 2-4-3

大気および標準ガス試料の分析 … … …

13 2-4-4

大気および海水中の

SF

6濃度の算出 … … …

14 2-5 分析条件の決定 … … … … 15

2-5-1

トラップ保持最大時間の確認 … … …

15 2-5-2

脱気時間（トラップ時間）の決定 … … …

15 2-5-3

バックフラッシュ時間の決定 … … …

16 2-6 分析システムの保守・管理 … … … … 17

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３．標準ガスと標準化 … … …

18

3-1MRI SF6

Calibration scale

… … …

18

3-2 ワーキングスタンダードガスの検定・管理 … … …

19

3-2-1１次標準ガスによるワーキングスタンダードガスの検定 … … …

19

3-2-2ワーキングスタンダードガス検定値のモニター … … …

20

3-2-3ワーキングスタンダードガスの現場での使用 … … …

21

3-2-4ワーキングスタンダードガスの最終検定 … … …

21

3-2-5現場データの標準化 … … …

21

3-3 検量線 … … …

21

４．分析システムの性能と観測例 … … …

23

4-1 分析システムの性能 … … …

23

4-1-1繰り返し分析精度 … … …

23

4-1-2検出限界 … … …

24

4-2 観測例 … … …

24

4-2-1大気試料分析 … … …

24

4-2-2海水試料分析 … … …

24

4-3 最後に … … …

26

参考文献 … … …

27

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ߪ ߓ ߼ ߦ

ᦨ ߽ ᒝ ജ ߥ ᷷ ቶ ല ᨐ ⢻ ࠍ ᜬ ߟ ࠟ ࠬ ߩ ৻ ߟ ߣ ߒ ߡ ⍮ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ౐ ࡈ ࠶ ൻ ⎫ 㤛㧔

SF

6㧕ߪ ޔ੩ ㇺ⼏ ቯ ᦠ ߩ ೥ ᷫ ኻ ⽎ ࠟ ࠬ ߩ ৻ ߟ ߦ ޽ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ޕ ࡕ ࡦ ࠻ ࡝ ࠝ ࡯ ࡞ ⼏ ቯ ᦠ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ኻ ⽎ ‛ ⾰ ߣ ߥ ߞ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ࠢ ࡠ ࡠ ࡈ ࡞ ࠝ ࡠ ࠞ ࡯ ࡏ ࡦ 㘃㧔

CFCs㧕 ߪ ߘ ߩ ઍ ᦧ ຠ 㧔 ઍ ᦧ ࡈ ࡠ ࡦ 㧕 ߩ ૶ ↪ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ Ꮏ

ᬺ ᵴ േ ߦ ᡰ 㓚 ࠍ ߈ ߚ ߔ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߥ ߊ ߥ ߞ ߚ ߚ ߼ ޔ ᣢ ߦ వ ㅴ ࿖ ߢ ߪ ߘ ߩ ⵾ ㅧ ߇ ⑌ ᱛ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ޕ ߒ ߆ ߒ

SF

6ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ߪ ޔ ߘ ߩ ․ ᱶ ᕈ ߆ ࠄ ੹ ᓟ ߽ ᒰ 㕙 ߪ Ꮏ ᬺ ⇇ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ᔅ ⷐ ߥ ‛ ⾰ ߢ ޽ ࠅ ޔ ో ᑄ ߣ ⸒ ߁ ᒻ ߢ ߪ ߥ ߊ ޔ ⵾ ㅧ ߪ ߔ ࠆ ߇ ᄢ ᳇ ߳ ߩ ᡼ ಴ ㊂ ࠍ ᦨ ዊ 㒢 ߦ ᛥ ߃ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߢ ೥ ᷫ ⋡ ᮡ ࠍ ㆐ ᚑ ߒ ࠃ ߁ ߣ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ߅ ࠅ ޔ ੹ ᓟ ߽ ߘ ߩ ᄢ ᳇ ਛ ߩ Ớ ᐲ ߪ Ⴧ ട ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ੍ ᗐ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ޕ

SF

6ߪ ᷷ ቶ ല ᨐ ᳇ ૕ ߣ ޿ ߁ ⽶ ߩ ஥ 㕙 ߩ ߺ ߢ ߥ ߊ ޔ

CFCs

ߥ ߤ ߣ ห ᭽ ߦ ࿾ ⃿ ⑼ ቇ ߩ ಽ ㊁ ߢ ൻ ቇ

࠻ ࡟ ࡯ ࠨ ࡯ ߣ ߒ ߡ ቇ ⴚ ೑ ↪ ߢ ߈ ࠆ ߣ ޿ ߁ ᱜ ߩ ஥ 㕙 ߽ ߽ ߜ ว ࠊ ߖ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ޕ ․ ߦ ⵾ ㅧ ߿ ૶ ↪ ߩ ᑄ ᱛ ߦ ઻ ߞ ߡ ᄢ ᳇ ߢ ߩ ᷫ ዋ ߇ ੍ ᗐ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ

CFCs

ߦ ઍ ࠊ ࠆ ᣂ ߚ ߥ ൻ ቇ ࠻ ࡟ ࡯ ࠨ ࡯ ߣ ߒ ߡ ᄢ ޿ ߦ ᦼ ᓙ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ޕ ߒ ߆ ߒ ޔ ᄢ ᳇ ਛ ߩ Ớ ᐲ ߿ ᶏ ᳓ ߦ ኻ ߔ ࠆ ṁ ⸃ ᐲ ߩ ૐ ߐ ߆ ࠄ ߘ ߩ ᷹ ቯ ߪ ᭂ ߼ ߡ ࿎ 㔍 ߢ ޽ ࠆ ޕ ߘ ߩ ߚ ߼ ߘ ߩ ࠻ ࡟ ࡯ ࠨ ࡯ ೑ ↪ ߪ ޔ Ყ セ ⊛ ಽ ᨆ ߇ ኈ ᤃ ߥ ᄢ ᳇ ⹜ ᢱ ߩ ಽ ᨆ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ᄢ ᳇ ᓴ Ⅳ ߣ ᷙ ว ㆊ ⒟ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߿ ޔ ᶏ ᵗ ߿ ḓ ᴧ ߦ ᄢ ㊂ ߩ

SF

6ࠍ ᵈ ౉ ߒ ߘ ࠇ ࠍ ಽ ᨆ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ᳓ ߩ ᓴ Ⅳ ߿ ᳇ ૕ ੤ ឵ ㆊ ⒟ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߦ 㒢 ቯ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ߈ ߚ ޕ ߒ ߆ ߒ

CFCs

ߦ ઍ ࠊ ࠆ ᶏ ᵗ ߩ ᓴ Ⅳ ߩ ᄌ േ ᕈ ࠍ

⎇ ⓥ ߔ ࠆ ਄ ߢ ߪ ޔ ᄢ ᳇ ߆ ࠄ ᶏ ᵗ ⴫ 㕙 ߢ ߩ ࠟ ࠬ ੤ ឵ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ᶏ ᵗ ߦ ߽ ߚ ࠄ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ޿ ࠊ ߫ ࡃ ࠶ ࠢ

ࠣ ࡜ ࠙ ࡦ ࠼ ߩ

SF

6ࠍ 㜞 ♖ ᐲ ߦ ᷹ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ᔅ ⷐ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ޕ ߘ ࠇ ߣ ห ᤨ ߦ ੹ ᓟ ࠺ ࡯ ࠲ ࠍ ቯ ᦼ ⊛ ߦ ข ᓧ ߒ Ყ セ ߒ ߡ ޿ ߊ ਄ ߢ ᷹ ቯ ࠺ ࡯ ࠲ ߩ

”ࠬ ࠤ ࡯ ࡞ ”ߣ ߥ ࠆ ”ᮡ Ḱ ‛ ⾰ ”ࠍ ⛽ ᜬ ߒ ⛯ ߌ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߽

߈ ࠊ ߼ ߡ ㊀ ⷐ ߣ ߥ ࠆ ޕ

ᧄ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ ޔ ᶏ ᳓ ਛ ߩ ṁ ሽ

CFCs

㜞 ♖ ᐲ ಽ ᨆ ߦ ታ ❣ ߩ ޽ ࠆ ⪺ ⠪ ࠄ ߇ ޔ ណ ข ᛛ ⴚ ߣ ಽ ᨆ ࠪ ࠬ

࠹ ࡓ ߩ 㜞 ᐲ ߥ ᷡ ᵺ ൻ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ ޔ

SF

6ߩ ࠃ ࠅ 㜞 ♖ ᐲ ߢ ૐ ᬌ ಴ 㒢 ⇇ ߩ ᶏ ᳓ ਛ ṁ ሽ

SF

6ಽ ᨆ ߩ ታ ⃻ ࠍ

⋡ ⊛ ߣ ߒ ߡ ಽ ᨆ ᛛ ⴚ ࠍ 㐿 ⊒ ߒ ߚ ޕ ᧄ ⺰ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ߪ ޔ ߹ ߕ ╙ 㧝 ┨ ߢ ޔ

SF

6ߣ ߪ ޿ ߞ ߚ ޿ ߤ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ߽ ߩ ߢ ޔ ࿾ ⃿ ਄ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ߤ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ᜼ േ ࠍ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߩ ߆ ࠍ ㅀ ߴ ࠆ ޕ ╙ 㧞 ┨ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ߪ 㜞

♖ ᐲ ޔ ૐ ᬌ ಴ 㒢 ⇇ ࠍ ㆐ ᚑ ߒ ߚ

SF

6ߩ ಽ ᨆ ᣇ ᴺ ࠍ ⸥ ㅀ ߔ ࠆ ޕ ߐ ࠄ ߦ ╙ 㧟 ┨ ߢ ߪ ޔ ᄢ ᳇ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ᶏ

᳓ ਛ

SF

6ߩ ᮡ Ḱ ൻ ߩ ߚ ߼ ߦ ↪ ޿ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ᮡ Ḱ ࠟ ࠬ 㧔

MRI SF

6

Calibration Scale

㧕 ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ㅀ ߴ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߣ ߔ ࠆ ޕ

ISSN 0386-4049 TECHNICAL REPORTS OF THE METEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE No. 51