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Spatial-temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater at West Nanao Bay, Noto Peninsula

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(1)PR0163 G3. Spatial-temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in seawater at West Nanao Bay, Noto Peninsula. 〇Rodrigo Mundo2, Tetsuya Matsunaka1, Hisanori Iwai1, Shinya Ochiai1, Seiya Nagao1 (1 Low Level Radioactivity Laboratory, Kanazawa University, 2 Graduate School of Science&Technology, Kanazawa University). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a family of compounds with carcinogenicity and mutagenicity effects [1]. PAHs are produced after pyrogenic events or released from petrogenic sources. Located in a remote rural area in Ishikawa Prefecture, Nanao Bay is renowned for the Oyster production. Kumaki, Otsu and Ninomiya rivers, with different land usages in their courses, flow into the southwest part of the bay, generating an estuary-like environment with shallow waters (2−3 m). In the north-east part of the bay, a sandier seafloor, and deeper waters (8 − 15 m) are characteristic. Due the embryogenic effects of PAHs, determination of concentrations and spatial distribution in seawater of West Nanao Bay is essential to ensure the safety and sustainable oyster production. This study aimed to elucidate levels, sources and pathways of PAHs in West Nanao Bay, Noto Peninsula, through the seasonal monitoring of the spatial distribution, as well as phase partitioning, of PAHs in surface seawater. The spatial distributions in surface water was seasonally investigated from May 2019 until February 2020; simultaneously water quality parameters (e.g. salinity, turbidity, etc.) were recorded on the field. Seawater (10 L) was collected from 15 sampling points and stored in stainless well-closed containers to avoid PAHs photodegradation and any residual contamination. PAHs in seawater samples were separated and concentrated as particle phase (> 0.5 µm) and dissolved phase by tandem filtration with GC-50 glass fiber filters and solid phase extraction Empore C18 disks. Deuterated standards were used to adjust extraction recoveries. Samples were analyzed with a HPLC-fluorescence detector. The mean total 14 PAHs (particulate plus dissolved) concentrations were highest in summer and lowest in winter. Correspondingly, 8.50 ng L−1, 14.44 ng L−1, 10.31 ng L−1, and 7.01 ng L−1, respectively for the 4 sampling surveys. Particulate-dissolved phase distribution had discrepancies among seasons, tightly related with rainfall amounts, days before sampling. Highest particulate PAHs in the west area, decreasing towards the east area was the general trend (Fig. 2, red dotted lines). Per-area-average turbidity (Fig. 2, grey lines), behaved alike, but per-area-average salinity (Fig. 2, yellow lines), was opposite. Indicating that riverine runoffs were a major transportation pathway of particulate-PAHs towards the bay. The ecological risk coefficients (RQ), developed by Cao et al. [1], were used to determinate PAHs ecological impact. The RQ∑14 PAHs (NCs) varied from 0 to 82.49 in 60 surface seawater samples, representing a very low to low risks to marine life.. Fig. 1 Sampling points at West Nanao Bay, Noto Peninsula. Fig. 2 Spatial-temporal distribution of particulate and dissolved PAHs with salinity and turbidity in seawater at West Nanao Bay.. [1] Cao Z., Liu J., Luan Y., Li Y., Ma M., Xu J., Han S. Distribution and ecosystem risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the Luan River, China. Ecotoxicol., 2010, Vol. 19, 827–837..

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Fig. 2 Spatial-temporal distribution of particulate and dissolved PAHs with salinity and turbidity in seawater at West Nanao Bay.

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