0 1 2 3
Pr o ge stero n e (fo ld s)
0 0.5 1 1.5
Es tr ad io l ( fo ld s)
FSH
(10 ng/ml)ORX
(100 nM)- -
+ + +
- -
+ MM Hctr1 Hctr2 Rpl19
422bp 350bp 195bp
Fig. 1 A
a a
b c
a a
b b
B
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Pr o ge stero n e ( fo ld s)
a b
c
FSH
(10 ng/ml)ORX
(100 nM)Nog
(30 ng/ml)DOR
(300 nM)LDN
(300 nM) - - - - -+ + + - - + + - - - + - - - -
+ + - + -
+ + - - +
b b
ab
C
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
cAMP le ve l ( nM )
FSH
(10 ng/ml)ORX
(100 nM)- -
+ + +
- - +
a a
b
D
cE
mRN A le ve ls (/ Rp l19 )
0 100 200 300 400 500 0
1 2 3
0 5 10 15 20 25
0 1 2 3
Cyp11a
mR N A le ve ls ( / Rp l1 9 )
a
ab b
a
ab b
a
b
a
b b a
FSH ORX
+ + -
-
+ - - +
a
a
a
FSH ORX
+ + -
-
+ - - +
FSH ORX
+ + -
-
+ - - +
FSH ORX
+ + -
-
+ - - + 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
- +
ORX
(100 nM)Fshr
mR N A le ve ls ( / Rp l1 9 )
F
Star
Hsd3b
cCyp19
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
- -
+ + - + +
-
a a
b a
ORX BMP-7
pSmad/tSmad1
IB: pSmad 1/5/9 IB: tSmad1
A
mRNA levels (/RPL19)
ORX
(100 nM)BMP-6
(100 ng/ml)SB408124
(10 μM)- - -
+ - -
- - +
- + -
+ + -
+ + + 0
1 2 3 4
b
a
b
Id1
a a
a
mRNA levels (/RPL19)
- - -
- - + +
- - ORX
BMP-7 SB408124
- + -
+ + -
+ + + 0
1 2 3 4 5
b
a
ab
Id1
a a
b
B
pSmad/tSmad1
ORX
(100 nM)BMP-6
(100 ng/ml)- -
+ + - + +
-
a a
b a IB: pSmad
1/5/9 IB: tSmad1
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
0 0.5 1 1.5 0
0.5 1 1.5
0 0.5 1
1.5 Bmpr1a Bmpr1b
0 0.5 1 1.5
- + - +
- + Acvr1
mRNA levels (/Rpl19)
ORX
(100 nM)
** *
*
0 0.5 1
1.5
Acvr2a Bmpr2
0 0.5 1 1.5
- + - +
* *
0 0.5 1 1.5
2
Smad6 Smad7
mRNA levels (/Rpl19)
*
- +
+ BMP-6
(100 ng/ml)+ BMP-7
(100 ng/ml)mRNA levels (/Rpl19)
0 1 2 3
- +
**
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
- +
*
0 1 2 3
- +
*
0 0.5 1 1.5
0 0.5 1 1.5
0 0.5 1 1.5
- + - +
- +
BMP-6
(100 ng/ml)
- +
mRNA levels (/Rpl19)
** ** ** **
mRNA levels (/Rpl19)
BMP-7
(100 ng/ml)
ORX
(100 nM)
ORX
(100 nM)
ORX
(100 nM)
Hctr1 Hctr2 Hctr1 Hctr2
A
B
C
Smad6 Smad7
FSH
Progesterone induction
Orexin A BMPs
Id-1
cAM P
-
Granulosa cells
Smad
1/5/9
P OX1/OX2
FSHR
Steroidogenetic enzymes
StAR, P450scc, 3βHSD BMPRs
AC Nog
Smad
6/7type-I type-II