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拡張・精緻化のための読字能力の能力記述文試案作成

―CEFR/JFS の言語構造的能力を参考に―

伊藤秀明

日本語の多様な文字体系における読字能力の評価尺度の欠如は,学習者の動機づけや課題

遂行型の試験の内容的妥当性に影響を与える。しかし,この読字能力の記述化については現在

まで必要性が議論されてこず,CEFR や JFS などの言語教育スタンダードにおいても読字能力

が一体何を示すのか,具体的に示されてこなかった。そこで本稿では CEFR/JFS の拡張・精

緻化の観点を前提に,CEFR/JFS の他の言語構造的能力の能力記述文を参考に熟達度別の特

徴を洗い出し,今後,拡張・精緻化を図っていくための熟達度別の読字能力の能力記述文の試

案の作成を行った。本稿が示した読字能力の能力記述文の試案は今後の議論の余地を残したも

のであるが,現在までまったく示されていなかった読字能力の能力記述文を具体的に提示するこ

とで,より詳細な読字能力の調査・記述への貢献を目指した。

(筑波大学)

Devising Tentative Descriptors of Orthoepic Competence for Extension and Refinement:

With Reference to CEFR/JFS Linguistic Competence

ITO Hideaki

The lack of assessment scales of orthoepic competence for Japanese with its complex orthographic systems affects the motivation of learners and content validity in task-oriented tests. However, there has been as yet no discussion about the need for descriptors of orthoepic competence in Japanese. In addition, even in language education standards, such as CEFR and JF Standards, a concrete explanation of orthoepic competence has yet to be provided. This paper analyzes the characteristics of other types of linguistic competence defined in CEFR/JFS for the various proficiency levels, referring to the descriptors. Based on this, I devise tentative descriptors of orthoepic competence according to the characteristics of each linguistic competency with a view to extending and refine those standards in the future. Although there is still room for argument concerning the tentative descriptors in this paper, this step will be useful in furthering research towards attaining a more detailed description of orthoepic competence.

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