A田:portof practices
P r e s e n t a t i o n s by a C r o a t i a n 団 gh ・ s c h o o lT e a c h e r by means o f L e c t u r e s on E t h i c s and P h i l o s o p h y i n J a p a n
‑Presentations in English to Japanese studen随byMs. Majda praizー
Majda Praiz (Te臨herTraining Progr置n) M
町
ikoYoshida (Gr 国teSchool ofEdu回目on) Tomoyo血iI並
ukaσrofessorat F叫ultyofEducation)1) Outline of the P四sen
旬
tions(by Tomoyoshi Ii四ka)Ms. Majda Praiz cameωJapan
企
'omCroatia in October 2013, on也
.ete温chertr話回
ng progr置 n ,
to s佃
dyEd皿ationof Philosophy泊Jap阻 AfterJapanese langt姐畠
e廿剖ningfor six months,
she star包
:dh町 studytr剖
ningunder my思d也
n間 企
omApri12014. She w副 ahigh‑school teacher of philosophy,
e也ic溜 阻dsociology in Croatia百
1erefore,
1 suggested to her白atshe give some p回sen回目
onsto the students in my lec旬
r四 one血i回 阻dphilosoph:ぁ
whichshe accep包
dwillingly1. Purposes of P町蝿,ntations
①
My lectures on e吐
ucs阻 dphilosophy臨 aboutw回 旬
rnethics and philosophy. 1血
o咽1t血
tit would be very signific血tf:or Japanese students to listen to presentations given by a European high・schoolteacher of e由ics皿dphilosophy.①
Japan田esocil町 凶 been押 目 白
dωbemo田 恒 陪rnationaliz叫
butone of the m田tdifficult problems is也
atof the langtmge. Most Japanese町enot good at listening and speaking in English. In Japan, th町eare few oppo武田
titiesωhavea conversation wi血p回'ple企
omo血町coun貨iesin English. Therefore,
it would be useful for studen包tolisten to h町 presen旬
tionsin English.①
I也
ought血
tg仙 沼pre田n凶
onswo叫
dbe useful for Ms.白 血
ω0,for抗
wo叫
denable herω蜘
dy吐
1eeducation of philosophy in Japan他 国
tlぁ 阻d加
understanda lot of charac耐isticsof Japanese society血 dc叫同re.2. TheP問sentationMe曲。d
。
Asregards students who atlended the lectures: The nu血berof血
es旬
d四 臼
W田 abouttwenty.百
1eywere aIl s田ond‑ye町 S
印
d四 也
oftheF田 叫tyof Educatio且o Regard泊g曲eway ofthe p問S
曲回,
tions:1 lect町edon e'吐
tics(philosophy) in Japanese for about sixty m血U旬S皿d也
enMs. Praiz gave her presen包世onin English using Power po泊tfor about twenty minutes.τbe corr胞:ntsWI町e問la也dtomyl田 旬 間 .o Related to commerr
脳 血
dquestions of the studen臼:
After her presentations,
S'旬
d聞 包
wroteaboutwhat they felt
,
or their questions (in English or Japanese). Ms. M置ikoYoshida甘 四
sla脂
d血
osew r i
杭enin Japanese into English and Ms. Praiz answered questions in English at the next lec'加
re. (首位∞m血entsand q'田 stionswe田 notreflected in也
.eirevaluation of e也
ics血dphilosophy.)3. My instrucoons in advance about ber presentations o Selιintroduction (J血.uary23同,2014)
I副:kedh町 to泊町'oduceherself and Croatia to
也
es旬
den臼.
。Presen凶 on
①
(ApriI141 h ,
2014 on e出cs) 1 asked her to explain也
efo11o叫ng.• How much influence do血mousancient Greek philosoph町s(e.g. Socrates
,
Plato and Aristotle) haveuponE山op曲 且(Croati血)p1eople ωday?• Today is由escientific age
,
so isn't the出 回ryof idea"ofPlato losing p回Iple's~田:pect?. Are classic渇11田 gua
呂田
(G聞にLa出臨.)臼ughtin school today?。Presentation
①
(May 19也,20140ne出回)
• Do traditional田ligious
吐
10ugl由
(e.g.original sin,
eschaωlogy etc.) have a great influence upon people's minds and lives still today?• Please make some com血 回 胞aboutXun
・
zi'sview也
athuman団 側
reis inherently evil,
for some s加
de時 間
interes旬
din his view. (Xun‑zi is one of吐
lemost伽
10USancient Chinese由
inkers.)。Presentation
①
(June30也,2014on e出
cs)・百
lee血
icsof Kant seems to be idealistic. U世itari副
smseer田 tobe realistic. Which of也
.etwo血
ou俳句wouldCroatian students choose出 血 位
guidingprinciple for也
eirlives?。Presentation
④
(November181 h
, 2014 on philosophy)・
Pleasespeak about your inte問 鍋 inP出cal(about his thougil, t
his life,
and the rela:世onsbetween his philosophy血 dreligion.)。Presentation
⑤
(December161 h ,
2014 on philosophy)'PI回sespeak about your interes包inM阻 Weber's The Protestant Ethic四 dthe Spirit of Capitalism
4.
W b
atI曲
ougbta島 町
berpn盟enta世ons.①
R回 dingthe叩 阻entsand que凶
onsof由
d醐 ,
1found伽 tthey und出 toodh町 presen凶 幽more
血 皿
1had expec旬
d.Thougil few students could comprehend mat値目。fde包
il,
especially about也
eCbris世田religion,也
.eysee血ed旬
find也
atEuropeans had also many ∞ 血 血onin胞
restsin e血ics阻 dp凶osophywi
血
themselves.1也
ougilt血
at血
eseexperienc泡swould op四 anewhori却Into血
em.①
Some students said伽 tit w,田 difficultfor them to follow her sp田chbecause of their lack ofめ
ilityin English. In preserr刷 orr④ 阻
d⑤ ,
1 gave some short expl田atiorrsin Japarrese in血e middIe of h町 preserrta世on.1也ought也atJaparrese studerrお ,
English proficierrcy would be much i血provedif orrly也eyhad more oppo武 田 副
esto talk wi也foreigrrers.①In ev,町戸es
四 凶
0九 Ms.Praiz spokeω也
.estuden包horrestly血dearn田tly.T h 恥 。 凹
ug位hJ均叩血蹴e田s s町佃叫d阻 箇W附e悶 r悶'eluc
由
t旬ar凶
rtω阻 b町拙'ko叩n問削aldis釦c叩u附1誼凶s担 凶
s叫 山 由 蜘
i印叩oon,1也
ou出
t也
at吐
leyc創 出
yfelt h町 山 田rity皿dpassi岨 .1expec
刷 出
atMs.pr説
zunders旬odm姐y由
ings由
roughh町 pres四 句
.tio田.1hope伽
I she may have some in位田沼包泊Japa且.esesociety阻 dc叫
ture企
'omrrowon.n) Prae
世田
(byMajda Praiz)D田 台19my "Irr service te邸h町 廿 副 凶ngprogr.岨 11 at
血
eU血versityof Nag田aki, 1
participated in severallectures田 ap町tof血
eE廿
llCS血 dWestem Philosophy co旧 民
conductedby Profes附Ii
zukaTheaim
of my lect帥 sw田 tof,岨ili町 田
Japarresestude幽
wi也c町 包
insubjects of westem e血ics血 dphilosophy企
om血evi町叩ointof血every same WI白,temcul旬re.All my lectures were corrducted in也
eEnglish 1田gu徳 島 田d田 suc,hw町ea curious experierr田 formostof也
estuderrts血
attookp町tin色 町rr.1 . Summary of曲elect田 明
In my
畳間
tin甘'O
ductorylec加
re,由estuden旬 we問 acquairr旬dwi血
Croati, a
its cul加
re,religiorr arrd larrgua
畠
e.τbestudents'間 都 世01 I S
we問 e油 田
lelypositive. Al血oughmarry of them krrew little or rrothing about Croatia , 由
eyshowed a sigrlificarrt inte問stin Croatia阻 dits culture after the lectureAfter
血
̲einl甘'O
d山 ぬry1,田ture,
5 more WI白河~ held durirrg 2 sem田 町sorr血
efollowing subj民臼・1. Greekp副losophyin Croatia arrd Europe ωday: the interrt of血islec
旬 間
W出 toportray how Greek philosophy irdIuerrced血
edevelopment of Europe加 阻dCroatiarr culture where出 sirdIuence is戸esentstillωday, 血din which m町 田.erPlato's arrd Aristotle's也oughtswere incorporated into C
並
isti置世.tywith the help of羽田
masAquinas arrdAureI i 田
Augus也le;2
百
le廿
adi世onalreligious血
oughtsof people in Croatia ‑the focus of也islecture w回 白iginalSin arrd血
ereason why the idea of the臼
iginalSin is still easily邸C句 帥leωChristiarrs;3.
on
the e血icsofK副 士 岨dUtilitari置由m一也e剖mof血islecture w国 的 廿
y加 国
sumewhich of the twoe出 回1principles (K回出 Ca出
goricalInlperative arrd Utilitari岨ism)w出 closerto Croa出且 S知
.de:臨'也
inkin畠
pattems;4. Blaise Pascal ‑"God of Abraharn, God of Is
掴仏
Godof J:邸 ob,
rrot philosophers arrd scholars" ‑ durirrg血is1田 旬
re,
1 foc国edon也edi庄 町 間 回 世 田tP出 国1had made betweerr the philosophi回I血d問ligiouspersp
目白
veofGod;5. Max Weber "Prote嗣 ntE由icand Spirit of Capitalism"一也rough也islec
旬 開 1
sought旬
po市ay whyProtes回 世smWi出 goodb田edingsoil for也
edevelopment of capitalismAll
血
elec旬 開
swe田 heldwithin the framework of the cl師 団sof Professor Iizuka, who戸'Ovideda detailed insight in Japanese ofthe subject血 d
血
erebyenabled for the students not fluent in English to gai且 ageneral idea inωwhat my田C世 田 oflectures would be talking about. Upon completion of my 1出 向 田s,也estudents we田 givena questionnaire to write泊 白.eirimpressio田 , 血d possible questions conn田tedto myp町tof the classes.百四ircomments were a sort of evaluation of
也
electures皿dan indicator of也
eir experien白 血d由eirab出tytolisten ωthe lectures in English.2.D出e回 目 £ 回betw田nJapan and Croa姐a匝theteaehing of Pbilosopby
As well田 由isbeing
血
efrrst世meform皿,ystuden臼top町ticipatein lectures in Englis ,hitW出 als'Othe frrst occ出ion'On which
1
had t'O hold lectures in English, which is not my mother tongue, 阻 dadditionally to students of a completely different cul旬 凶 background,
which automatically implies a different set of values and norms白 血thosepres阻tin so叫alledwestern culture and philosophy.百 四
ugh由isinvaluable experien田,1
have noticed m皿lydi宜 町 田 田sin holding philosophy classes in Japan and Croa世 & 百 田di民,rencesare 'Ob討 。 田 恒termsof血
estyle of lectur出 血din血
e teacher‑student relationship. My fo世 田rexperience田 aphilosophy旬 叫herh田 showed吐 I l l
t philosophy d町landsdiscussion and也atstudents in Croatia do not hesita旬
to田kqu回 世ons血d expres糧 自eiropinions,
which need notωcoincide with血
eteacher's opinion.τbis type of in‑class student p町ticipationis consid町edd田irable.α1the other han ,dJapanese students町ewithdrawn阻 dp田siveduring lec
同
res.1
presume one of也
ere澗 onsfor吐
lelack of interaction during lessons is not 0且ly也el.angl皿
gebarri町;but also也.ec叫同r叫 白ctors.D田ingmy stay泊Jap皿, 1have n'O世ced that hierarchy is very import血tiln Japanese culture and由atstuden臼holda high level of rl田 : p
ect toward也.eirpr'Ofi田sor,and are也e田forehesitant in expressing也eiropini'O田 Allqu回 世 田S血d ambigui世 田 werewritten down by students on也
ep.revio田 ly‑mentionedquestionn副re, 血d1 also戸'ovided血SW<町sto them in writing.τ
' h
e teacher‑student relationship is much more c酎 咽1in Croatia con凶bu出19to a more relaxed cli血a低 温 也ec.l出sroom,and出 国 旬 也estyle oflec細 胞S百 世stype of behavioral c叫turerequired me to change the style oflec
旬
ring1 usually use in Croatia皿dto adjust it to Japanese s旬
den胞.
Due to
血
.eaf'O白血血tionedapparent introversion阻 dreluc旬 且 田ofJapanese students泊expressing themselves in English, at first
1
也ought也atmy lectures were not comprehensible句 也e majori旬。fstud自 由
However,
al血ough也
erewere some of them也
atinitially had difficulties wi血understanding classes in English, b出edon也ecom血entss
旬
den包wrote泊 也.equ回 世onn剖
re,1
have reali国:dthat most of也emcomple旬
lyundersωod and could follow my lecture洛,whichpr'O吋dedme wi也 a d d i
世onalmotivation to make them even more interes世ngand easier to unders白血d3 . Conclusion
Despite the above・m四tioneddi伍c凶H田, 1 believe由at1,田知resin English bring great benefit to Japanese s
旬
dentsand are a sigr首
fic血tfactor in the much needed int窓口lationalizationof也
eJapanese educational sys旬
m.To be able to be∞
mpetitive in the modern world of globalization,
Japan needs to raise a new generation of students who will be competitive at阻 internationa1level. AI血oughJ叩 血 isa country wi也
as甘ongnationa1 identity, it is evident and com血endable血at Japanese univ,町sities町'einc出 制inglys凶 吋ngtowardin旬
rna世
0田liza世 間
τbeJapanese gov,自由E阻t o民
rsm皿yscholarships血
atpromote也
eglobalization of higher education and出 国 encourages uniVI町sitiesto expand and develop their internationa1 progr,町田 Japanhas op田edits doors ωmany h胞
rnationalstuden包,but, being one of them, 1問alize由 創 出 町'eare s世1many obstacles血
atneedto be over∞
me for Jap岨 ωbefully叫jus旬
dto foreigrt stude脳 血
dprofessors. Individuals who are not盟国ntin Japanese are significantly hindered泊 也
eirparticipation in the academic sphe田Considering
血
atJap血 目eis not a langr皿喜e也
atis widely田edin吐
lewor l,donly a small nu血,berof international s佃
den包havethe ability to fully benefit企
omregular classes. Lectures in English are sc町 田 , 阻dinmanyu凶v世話姐es,practically non‑exis旬
nt.Introd田ingit would greatly fi部 副ta他 由e study of foreigrt s旬
den包 阻d吐
1世ebya位 都tmore of也emto Jap皿.Ontheo血erhan ,dprofi田sional lec旬
ringin English would facilitate Jap血esestuden包 旬
becomecompetitive in由eintemationa1 market and also provide也 阻
wi白 血
eopportunityωbemore e却osedto a fo田i伊 l田邸周喜,e,田well出 beingmo問 relaxedwhen using it.
B
田巴:don my current exp町ience,1曲面k白紙Japanis on the right track when it c沼 田 国 加出
eglobalization of its educational sysおm.Wi出制
di世
0na1effo ,trJapanese町 並 羽 田itieswill make an i皿portantcontribution to Japan's expos町eto,
and inclusion in由
eprocess of globalization.m) Studen
ぜ 開
spons回 toMs. Praiz's p四S阻 tations(by MariIro Yosbida)1 . Introducti岨
First of all, 1 would like to introdu田 myselfand expl
剖 且
myinvolvem岨t恒 也
is~田ewchpaper.I阻 as田ond‑yeargrad
回 同 蜘
dentof English edu回世
00,阻dhave also been a加 附 加Ms.praiz since Oc
旬
her2013. Wbenev,町 1had enough也
ne,1 attended也
ec. lass and obs町 四d也
e s同
d四.tsd町泊畠
h町
presentations.In di世
0,01首 剖
sla句
d也
es旬
d岨 悩 ' ∞
mmen脂 血
dquestions inω English for her. On由ispaper,由国, 1 would like to show some s旬
d聞包,comm阻 白 血dquestions about Ms. Praiz's presentations. 1 expect吐 I a
t也
es加
d血 ts'positive attitudesωward her presen胞 山 田
will be apparent.
2.S佃d四包,co皿men臼andquestions fro皿 個cbpn盟entation
‑CI醐 1(J祖 国
r y
23m ,
2014)Comment ① I由ink
也
atCroatian langtl8畠,eis very di箇c叫t!So,
1 like Croatia and 0血
erEuropecoun凶es.Be回 国e
,
1 like soccer in E町'ope!1 want to visit Croatia .
What 1出nkabout Miss. M句da's presen岡 山nis Croatia is very beautiful coun甘7・
Especiallぁnationalp町ksa問 wonder命
1.Recently,
I'm interested泊journey!80, 1 w,皿tωvisitEurope!Q.
Is Japanese culture and history fa血O田 inCroatia? For example
,
temples,
historical city (Kyoto)."ーCI酷s2(A凶114110,2014)
Comment② Philosophy is related to religion d田ply.百1eCroatia and Europeans is s
旬
dying Greek philosophy& La曲
1langt且喜e.1 w国 並
1戸essed也
atphllosophy influence onωday's society阻 dc
叫 旬 間
is面nazing."(Comments① 阻d② W悶 wri
臨
nin English by曲es佃
den也,岨
dyou c皿 seethem町並gto express也
eirfeelings岨dopinions田 much田 possiblein English. These are ori位taltr置lSCrip包.)
Comment ③ It w田 也e
缶
sttime for me to listen加
apresen田tionin English阻 dit w田 agreat experi曲 目forme.lw割 問 中risedat也
efact吐
1atchildren in E田opelearn about philosophers世'om血 earlyage."
ーCI描 凶3(May 19110
,
2014)Comment ④ 句 創 出itis也eidea
吐lU
man抽 出'eis伽 白 血 阻 凶Iyevil'也剖 C組 問 humansω easily get at甘
actedin a bad direction,
but we ove:田omeit and become better hUTIlans. 1 learned血is id岡 田 moral education classes when 1 w, 出 血 el回 1entaryschool stodent. Do you have mora1 education in Croatia?"Comment ⑤'I'm not good at English, so 1 couldn't understand the details. However, 1創 出 血t sin is regarded踊 泊port叩tin
也
.eCatholic fai血
.τhestory of Ada血 血dEvew,出e副yωunders臼
nd for me. Besides,
you talked about Xun‑zi,
which w描 ,
e田:ytounde回同
ndt, ∞ "
ーCI脳 4(June 30也,2014)
Co四 四 回t⑥ 政W出 ali叫edifficult for血e
加 阻
d町 御 凶 也e戸 田 岨 回
.tioninE : 略
lish.However, yo田 opinions皿d血
ough包werereally helpful to me. AIso, Kant血dMill's etl首
cal也
oUgh胞
arevery h旬 開
S白
19.1 would like to know more about也
.ep田pose'skingdom"'.‑CI蹴 5(No刊 mber18110,2014)
Comment ⑦ 勺could1回
r n
much about Pascal. 80me explanations,
such as what Pascal由ough,t were di但cultfor me to unde四tandin English,
but it w出 血nto listen to yo田 presen阻
tion."Comment ③ Majda's idea about the bet is a little di
民
rentfrom lizuka sensei's,
and 1 felt it's interes白 理 由atpeople have di庄町entviews about it."3 • Condusion
At
白'8t,由
es同dentslooked anxious and hesi匂 総
dωaskMs. Praiz questions in English. However,
when 1 read也 出co:mm阻
tson也eq田 stion晶.ee包
aftertb.e classes,
most of the s旬
d阻 包
wrote many questions in Japanese and 1 could s
田 也
eirpositive attitudes and enthusiasm about her presentations in E時lish.1 noticed也at也eywer渇 very恒也rested担 herpres阻ltati田lS,but did not have con:fidence about由
eirEnglish skills,
and did not know how to回press也
eiropini∞
sin E噸 i血
Also
,
1 noticed the commen1s of the s佃dentschanging也
roughMs. Praiz's presenta姐
ons. Their commen'匂
b田 辺 町 田 町 宮 阻dmore related旬
herpresentations, 血dI∞ 叫
dsee由
eyac加ally unders蜘 dwhat she said in E噸ish.It is b郎 副se由eymay have become accustomed旬 hぽEngI
ish Ii凶eby Iittle,
and able to catch what she said. Mor即.veむevenif也
eydid not un白 凶 凶da11,
1曲面
k也
ey酎
ed加 connectwhat she姐id旬 血
.eirown knowledge. 11 Wi幽 goodto see也
atthey made more questions about her presentations也
anbefore.1 am sure
白紙也
estudents learned a gr'伺tdeal企omMs. praiz abou, t
not only philosoph:弘but a1so some
由
inginternational, 邸1did. 1 hope白 紙 由
q∞
n出 国 加 白 血
kof philosophy企
'omdiffi町entpoints of view, including 0
也
.ercountries' views, and位
y旬
communi伺temore actively wi由
pe叩
lefroma I 1
over the wor1d in the future.※Finall'弘前wouldlike