N.G.Clark (Part 8)
著者（英） Choichiro Morinaga journal or
publication title
Doshisha danso
number 31
page range 84‑148
year 2011‑03‑01
権利（英） Doshisha Archives Center, Doshisha University
URL http://doi.org/10.14988/pa.2017.0000013061
J. D. デイヴィスとN. G. クラークの往復書簡 ⑻
1879年5月26日〜1880年1月13日
森永 長壹郎
原書簡はハーバード大学ホートン・ライブラリーが所蔵する貴重資料
（the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missionaries pa- pers between J. D. Davis and N. G. Clark）であるが、今回利用したのは そのマイクロフィルム（同志社大学人文科学研究所ならびに同志社大学総 合情報センター所蔵）である。公刊と公開にあたっては同志社大学同志社 社史資料センターのご尽力によりホートン・ライブラリーの許可が得られ た（By permission of the Houghton Library, Harvard University 2010）。
『甍』第23号（同志社女子中学・高等学校、1992年発行）、第24号（1993 年発行）、第25号（1994年発行）、第28号（1997年発行）に収録されている ものの不明箇所や誤読箇所をできるだけ改定補充した。
（181）J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto May 26, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
I am somewhat surprised at the statement in your letter of Apr. 21st to me; that I “endorsed” Mr. De Forest’s letter on the language. I met Mr. De Forest day before yesterday and congratulated him on the suc- cess of his letter on the language, thanking him for having stirred up such an interest in our school; securing an appropriation of $3,000 etc.
His reply was “Oh well I will send them your letter to （不明） and it will
knock it all over; they will take back the money again if they see that.”
The letter to which he referred was the one in which I gave him my views on the language question. It was very much such an endorse- ment as Zach Chandler recently gave Jeff. Davis on the floor of the Sen- ate.
It was after this that Mr. De Forest sent me a copy of his letter to you asking me if there was anything in it which would hurt my feelings, as reflecting on the first comers in Japan; it was （不明） reply to this idea that I simply said “approved”, but I had no idea that （不明） of such approval would be sent to Boston; especially unless my letter explaining my views was sent （不明）（不明） as I told Mr. De Forest “It is an ill mind that （不明） nobody any good.”
I sent you by the last mail some of my views on learning the lan- guage. I will only say now that I think it is very unfortunate that such ideas of the difficulty of the language and of the way of learning it are so prevalent in our Mission and in other Missions. New comers set down in their studies too much some of them turn all their buying mar- keting etc over to a cook and their mingling with the people is about
“（不明）”. When we landed in Kobe we began housekeeping the 10th day with a man & wife for servants who had never seen foreigners before.
I did all my own marketing, breaking costs to do it, never used an inter- preter after the first week, did all my own business with the natives at first hand. Studied half a day and mingled with the people the other half, spent two or three months in the interior every year. When I had been here 20 months we went to Sanda and for two weeks, we read and explained John to the most interested company of listeners I have ever seen. They came for three sessions every day. I made many mistakes
but I saw no “wriggling.” When I had been in Japan less than two years I wrote in Japanese the first draft of the little Gospel tract of which nearly 100,000 have been circulated.
During my third year in Japan I prepared complete system of Theolo- gy in Japanese in six books, nearly 1,000 pages. Only the first two vol- umes have been printed but these have been the basis of my Lectures on Theology for the last four years here in Kioto.
Until last fall all my teaching here has been done in the vernacular Japanese. Theology, Nat. and Systematic & Pastoral, Homiletics and Bi- ble exegesis. The pressure that came on me last fall led me to teach the Eng. Speaking class who are soon to graduate. Mental & Moral Philoso- phy of Christology in English. I have taught all my other classes this year as usual in Japanese.
The prosperity of the school would indicate that a foreigner can do something with the Jap. language. When I came to Japan it was over a year before even our servants dared to come in to read the Bible with us, we had none of the Bible translated and no Christian Literature of any kind，to help us to a religious vocabulary. I never heard a prayer in Japanese till I made one myself. We had no books as helps save Hep- burn’s Dict. I believe the same man with the helps we now have could make as we now have can make as great progress in one year as he could eight years ago in two years. The following books have been pub- lished by our Mission.
prepared by An Epitome of the Gospel J. D. Davis
〃 〃 〃 Christianity J. D. Davis
〃 〃 〃 Christian History J. D. Davis
Book on Prayer M. L. Gordon
〃 〃 Sabbath J. D. Davis
Natural Theology J. D. Davis
Evidences of Christianity J. D. Davis Question Book for S. S. Miss Dudley Translation of Line upon Line Miss Gulick Life of Christ, Illustrated J. D. Davis Commentary on 10 Chaps of Luke M. L. Gordon 〃 〃 Mathews J. D. Davis
Now I do not write this to try to show that I have a better mind than any body else, for I have not. I was 34 years old six weeks after I land- ed. I simply write to show that my way of acquiring the language as judged by its results, is better than the one which is now popular in Ja- pan. I said to Mr. De Forest in my letter “endorsing” his position that if I had all the time which had been wasted in the study of the Japanese language and strength to use it I should be the happiest man living.
As I said in my previous letter I believe in study, but put in half the time in study among the masses. I have no doubt but that there are half a dozen men and as many women in our Mission today who can speak Christian truth more efficiently and （不明） the Japanese any- where had rather （不明） speak than any Japanese speaker we have.
Yours J. D. Davis
（182）J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto May 26, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
In regard to your request for specification for another building & ref- erence to Capt. Janes, I will say that our Mission Meeting occurs only three weeks hence and we shall go over the whole subject then.
We are needing a larger chapel we now throw together two recitation rooms, but we cannot enlarge the school more without a larger chapel and we shall probably use the money or a part of it to put up a building with a chapel below and dormitories above.
We are feeling more and more a need of a change in our policy to make the school the success which it ought to be but I will wait till after our discussion of the subject in Mission meeting before writing more we need not say that we thank you for the （不明） etc.
Yours J. D. Davis
（183） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto May 26, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
Many thanks for your letter of April 21st just rec’d.
In regard to our house, I should prefer, unless you insist upon it, to let it rest in the way you agreed to a year & a half ago; namely, receive yearly, rent for it until we have received back what we put into it when I will give Mr. Jencks a quit claim dud of it. There are so many calls for houses and the needs this year are likely to be so much more than the receipts, aside from the legacy, that I should think you might prefer that way, and personally we prefer it for other reasons still.
Yours J. D. Davis
（184） N. G. Clark to J. D. Davis June 10, 1879
Rev. J. D. Davis;
Kioto Dear Bro:
Your favor of May 10 was rec’d yesterday, and I have only to say that I think your views on the study of language are eminently sound. The matter is having a good deal of discussion just now in your mission, and some of the brethren feel hurt at remarks made of the more rapid progress of some brethren in different fields than they are able to make where they are. But I think the whole question is practically solved in the statements you make－study of the language in order to master the grammar and to be sure of grammatical forms and free intercourse with the people in the use of words and language already acquired. Let the two go together, but above all, let there be this familiarity with the peo- ple to catch the idiom of common speech.
You make no allusion to the recent giants of the Board and to our purpose to sustain vigorously your training school. I cannot but feel, however, that our efforts in that behalf must be satisfactory to you, and that you will see no occasion to think of resigning your place for one or two generations ahead.
With cordial regards to Mrs. Davis and to yourself.
Sincerely yours N. G. Clark
（185） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto June 14, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
The three years precious work which God has enabled me to do with and for these 15 young men is ended. On the 12th inst, they graduated.
I enclose a copy of the programme and copies of the two English ora- tions.
Our chapel will just comfortably seat the school. The girls’ schools were all present and nearly all the Missionaries, besides large delega- tions from the churches in Osaka & Kobe and the church members and many others from Kiyoto. The chapel, the hall, the standing room on the piazza and around the windows was all full.
I spent a very busy day in seating people, keeping a look out for those who ought to receive some attention, and getting them up within （不明）
distance of the speakers （不明）（不明） a larger chapel. The young men all did （不明）.
The blind Yamamoto, both legs paralyzed to his body, was present and made a short address. He was elected chairman of the Representa- tives assembly of the Kiyoto Fu last winter.
Mr. Neesima outdid himself in his closing address to the class as he presented them their diplomas.
Many thanks for your letter of May 6th.
I shall write you at length concerning your letter of same date to the Mission appointing the （不明） of 5 but whether I can get it off for this mail I do not know.
We move down to Kobe to keep house in an empty building during
Mission Meeting day after tomorrow. After that Hiyezan and rest, I shall never take any of my time nor yours to answer any charges of la- ziness （不明） I met the class and could not （不明） them a month ago, the strain added to the hard work （不明） the year was so great that we had to call up Dr. Learned （不明） fear of brain fever, but （不明）（不明）
I was only off duty a week, but I ought to be now.
（186） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto June 14, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark;
Dear Brother;
The question of the ordination of our graduating class was a difficult one. Finding there was a difference of opinion in the Mission, we asked a Conference which was held a month ago in Osaka. Mr. Learned and I had hoped that all would agree to advise the ordination of those （two or three only） who were called to definite fields, from three to six hundred miles distant from our present pastors. This was however so strongly opposed that we did not press it, but I proposed a compromise to try if possible to get the young men to （不明） themselves in a body to the work and make the deep impression upon the lower class in the school and upon the churches, which is needed to be made of the importance of the ministry etc and at the same time to secure something which would take the place of the approbation to preach which all the other Missions in Japan have.
We do not feel it wise simply to license to preach because we want every Christian to feel it to be his duty to preach as he can. The propo- sition was that when men are ready to consecrate their lives to the
work of preaching the Gospel, we advise the churches, by local or gen- eral connects to examine them and if approved to proceed to （不明） set them apart to the work by prayer reserving the laying on of hands until they are ready to be ordained pastors of churches adopted （不明）.
I talked this over with the young men and found that they had their hearts set on ordination together. I think I could have succeeded lead- ing them to do as the Mission advised if we had been willing to ordain one of their member who is called to a place 600 miles distant the young men felt that it was too expensive for a council to （不明） on the ground to ordain him. There was however so strong and so general feeling against even this that I could not give them any hope. They then sent the Mission a letter. I enclose a copy of their letter and of the reply of the Mission. I could not let it go in to them without putting on the con- clusion from where I have worked it, to try and bind them to us, for I fear that the tendency has been in the other direction.
It is curious to see that on this occasion as on many others the men who have the most theories, and hold to them as if they made by the Medes and Persians are the men who are the least practically engaged in the work to test their theories.
The result is we had no ordinations and no public consecration of the young men in connection with their graduation. I hope they are not se- riously alienated. （不明） will tell.
Yours J. D. Davis
（187）J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto June 16, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
Your letter of May 5th to the Mission appointing the Com. of 5 and the appropriation of $2,000 was a surprise to the Mission. It was a sur- prise to me. In my letter of Apr. 5th I stated facts in regard to the working of other missions simply to emphasise what I have felt so long that our Mission had pressed self-support as for certainty as it was wise.
Before your letter came however I had come to feel that something must be done. I had said to my wife that I could hold still no longer, I must lift up my voice in the coming Annual meeting of the Mission and if in the minority then I must do what I have not yet once done since I came to Japan, write to you opposing the policy of the Mission.
Two years and a half ago, we spent a day and a half in Osaka talking over the pastorate. I then insisted that we should ordain no man as Pastor who was not ready to consecrate his life to the work of preach- ing the Gospel. Our Osaka brethren were in favor of starting Ministry who should in whole or in part support themselves and have the churches free to use their money for other work. My point was carried, that no man who did not ultimately expect to be supported in the Minis- try by his church should be ordained. We were pressed then to have the Mission pledge itself never under any circumstances to assist a church in the support of its Pastor. No vote was taken on that point, but the feeling was so strong against it that it has been considered as the policy of the Mission.
A year and a half ago in Kobe we spent two days in talking over the question of the native Home Missionary Society. Some of us thought it would be wise for the Mission to stand behind that society ready to sup-
plement with money any remaining deficit after the churches had done all they could. The other side on the contrary insisted on a recorded pledge from the Mission never to help the society in this way. The question was so evenly balanced that neither side pressed it to vote but it had from that time been understood that the policy of the Mission was not to employ any native agency whatever in evangelistic work.
A year ago, in Arima two other steps were taken in the same direc- tion. The Mission voted not to render aid to students in our schools and also advised the Home Missionary Society not to let the Bible Society pay more than 1/3 of any man’s salary whom the two jointly employed in Evangelistic work.
We have been told reportedly that the work will grow sooner at first on this plan, but that in 20 years it will be farther along, and some in the Mission will not be （不明） until the 20 years are up.
The theory is a good one and in practice I believe it will work better than that of some of the other Missions in Japan, but these are extremes in every thing and nothing seems clearer to some of us than that our theory might be modified a little if we are not going to run behind all the other workers in Japan.
When you pit infantry against infantry one kind of tactics will do but if you stick to the same tactics when you are opposed by cavalry and Artillery you will probably be defeated. Every other Board working in Japan uses more or less money for a native agency and it is generally more.
Pere Nicolai the lone representative of the Greek Church in Japan is spreading his ism here faster than all Protestants put together are spreading Protestantism I suppose. He is located in Yedo. He supports
all the young men he can get hold of, teaches them, and sends them through out the length and breadth of this Empire. There is hardly a principal city or town in the Empire today where his disciples are not found.
The Presbytarians are planting ordained natives, all around us to the East and to the West, so are the Methodists. It begins to look as if our Mission, twice as large as any other in the field will be fourth or fifth in results during the present generation.
Let us look at the working of our plans.
I begin with poor students. Several in the Mission who believe in helping poor young men who are preparing to preach the Gospel have during the year put several small sums of money into my hands from their own salaries for this purpose. I have been able to help several young men to remain in school who must have left, had it not been for that. I paid, in addition to the $200 given by my brother-in-law, $115.00 Mexicans to get a set of needed books for these poor young men to use who graduated last week. I have helped support one man in Evangelis- tic work the Bible society paying one half. I have furnished books to young men going out to work, that they might have them to lend to in- terested souls.
I keep a constant supply of Christian books in my own house to give one occasionally to an inquirer who comes from a distance and to lend to those near by. Perhaps one half or more of those which I lend come back. I could go on with this list but I am ashamed to say any more about what I have felt impelled to do. I feel that many of these things should be done by public funds and I have thought many times whether there was not some other mission or some other sphere here where I
could on the whole do more than I could in our Mission. I have not yet seen my way clear to sever my connection with the Board and so, true to my principle of harmony, I have worked and prayed on. The great pressure that has come during the last two months and which has made me feel that something must be done is this.
Our Native Missionary Society has three secretaries who are elected annually and manage everything. They are Mr. Neesima, Mr. Sawaya- ma, Pastor of the Naniwa church in Osaka and Mr. Imamura of the Newspaper in Kobe. Mr. Neesima is wide awake and ready to go ahead, Mr. Sawayama has never shown much interest, always tells the other two to do as they please. Mr. Imamura is slow canter and conservative.
Six weeks ago Mr. Iwamura visited Kiyoto and told our graduating class that the Home Missionary Society could not support but two men and he did not believe that they could over one－the churches were too poor they could not even support their own pastors. I found that this had gone all through the school and in long talks with the class I had my eyes opened. I had seen the advanced class of fifth year men all drop out one by one in the last few months to go home or go to Yedo or somewhere else. I had seen the body of Christian young men in the next two classes hesitating to take a stand as candidates of the minister.
I talked it all over with the graduating class. They wanted to know what could be done if the Missionary society could not support them at the start etc. I tried to make them realize that the churches would rally to their support but they bade me look at the churches－those in Kiyoto not yet able to pay the rent of their buildings to say nothing of Pastors salary－Hikone not paying its acting pastor enough so （不 明） that he was （不明） behind every month. In Osaka the Naniwa church and the
branch Tenma hardly supporting （不明） their pastor. The first church only raising a pittance toward their acting pastor－the Missionaries pay- ing the rest－In Kobe the 1st Church with no pastor, now 5 years old which has never raised a cent for an acting pastor （不明）－Tammon dori only paying a small part of their Acting Pastors salary－Hiogo only raising two or three dollars for their Pastor－Akashi with no Pastor, Sanda with none etc, etc. This is the blue pictures the young men in the school see it. And as Mr. Imamura sees it, they have no faith that the Missionary Society can do much. I have ten times as much faith in the ability of that society as the churches have but it must have some- thing put behind it and some ism and push put into it, if it is to be our agent in the evangelization of 15,000,000 of people.
Moreover there must be something done to give the young men confi- dence that they can live of the Gospel or this school will cease to be a training school of Ministers. They have never seen men supported in preaching. They know nothing of the value of the Pastorate nor do the churches as a whole. We are in danger of having churches go on five years longer as they have the last five years with no pastors and of see- ing our Christian young men get into Medicine, teachers and various other vocations while they preach what can and support themselves.
This is the great danger in the school now.
Sanda, having built its （不明） church edifice, has lost its most efficient members one by one, by removal until the church is hardly able, or think it is hardly able to raise more than the ruining expenses of the church to say nothing of a pastor. It is discouraged and is not growing.
We need a missionary society that can say to such a church, find a good man ordain him as pastor and we will pay half his support the first year,
until you can rally.
Mr. Suda in Yokaichi, access the lake has been securing 3 dollars a month from the people there and three dollars from H. M. S., but the other day a church was organized there, consisting of two men and six women besides the pastor and the （不明） M. S. now decide that they cannot help Mr. Suda any more because he is Pastor of a church and he must go to work and （不明） half his support in some way and this （不 明） all the （不明） around him is calling for the truth so that if he （不明）
five men they could all be busy.
The church in Hiogo have had a Pastor a year and a half－a married man who has a wife and Mother to support. They have only paid about 1/5 of his salary and he has been editor of the newspaper, only able to give them a very little time except for Sunday.
I do not see how we are to get before our churches any examples of what true Pastors are. Mr. Honma at Hikone, ordained the other day has to teach an English school to get his support, although the villages for （不明）（不明） around are calling for him to come and preach Christ.
In Kiyoto we have three churches made up mostly, as yet, of the stu- dents in our schools, the students scatter during the summer. The schools are not in session and there seems to be no way that anyone can be supported who remains here to preach. It seems now that all our preaching places in the city but one must be given up and I expect to help pay the man, who remains to man this（不明）, out of my own pocket. The church in the center of the city is now in a fair way to prosper if it can have a pastor and pastoral work, but there are as yet only two or three members from the city and they are poor people.
The students who are members more than half have now （不明） and as
there seems to be no way to pay a pastor.
Opposition and prejudice are largely overcome in the city and with a good pastor who could give his time to the work and a female worker among the women we should look for speedy results. Mr. Learned and myself had determined to get hold of a good pastor and one or two fe- male workers and pay them ourselves.
Of Osaka I will not speak only to say that a very serious crisis is im- pending there, and a very unpleasant state of feeling exists between some of their best and most influential Christian men and the Missionar- ies, and a prejudice against the latter is spreading. It has reached the young men in our school and is so strong that I have utterly failed to get one of them to go to Osaka to work this summer although four or five were wanted.
Mr. Iwamura has been opposed to sending the young men out to work during vacation, feeling that it is better to use the money for per- manent work. He was also opposed sending men to a distance prefer- ring to do what little they can do in the immediate vicinity of our present work.
Mr. Neesima has come to me again and again to know what to do and I have always told him to push out the men, if the H. M. S. would not back him I would see that the money was forthcoming. Our policy and the inactive policy of the H. M. S. has lost to us Kagoshima & one of the most glorious works yet developed in the history of Japan.
Five years ago a young man named Suda came to Kobe from near Yedo. He came to our house every day and studied the Gospels with a class Mrs. Davis had. He united with the church. When we came to Ki- yoto he came and was in the school nearly three years one of most
faithful humble Christians I ever saw. Over a year ago he began to droop, was much disheartened, but we know not why. Suddenly he came to me and said that he had got to go away. He went a month lat- er he sent a letter from Kagoshima saying that he was in prison there.
Later he sent the full details as follows.
When a lad, he took various little sums of money from his relatives and finally stole a pair of shoes from a guest at a hotel where he was staying.
After he became a Christian this troubled him. It troubled him more and more until he could bear it no longer. He felt that he must confess his crime and receive the punishment prescribed. He expected to be in prison two or three years, and he wanted to go to the place where he could （不明） the （不明） good by preaching Christ in the prison.
He could think of no darker place than old Kagoshima. He saved money enough to get down there and went. He confessed his crime, told how he came to see its sinfulness and confess by his learning of Christ etc. They confined him in his hotel and until they could make his clearance papers about 20 days and set him at liberty. During the 20 days, and for a month afterward he preached Christ to all who came and many came to hear of a religion which would have a man to confess his boyhood crimes in this way. I sent him a package of books. The people there paid his way. The Christians here felt that he ought to come back and explain his course face to face. He came walking most of （不明） miles. He reported Kagoshima as （不明） ripe for a great work and plead to be sent back. Oh how I wanted to send him. But the H.
M. S. doubted （ここでページが変るが、次のページの左上隅に、This was last July. と 入 っ て い る） about sending him and especially about
sending a man so far away. The people in Kagoshima wanted and then sent to Nagasaki.
The Methodists and Ref. Board men there not being under bonds as we are send down men & the result is that the Methodists have bap- tized 50 or more and the Ref. Mission are about organizing a church.
The acting Bishop of the Church Missionary Society has also been down to try and reap a little. This work would have been ours if we were ready to enter into the doors which God opens for us.
A year ago a young man－a member of the church went down to Sa- tsuma from Kobe. He took with him 8 dollars worth of Bibles and books. A month ago he wrote up to Kobe from the Province of Hiuga adjoining Higo, sending the 8 dollars for the books and asking for a Mis- sionary to come down and baptize 30 persons.
The Missionaries in Kobe felt that it was so far away and the H. M. S.
were not able to send men so far and so made （不明） to the Ref. Board to look after this work and this when （不 明） had 15 men from Hiuga and Higo just ready to graduate from a seven years course of prepara- tion, many of whom would be glad to go to such an opening if their ex- penses can be met.
Happily Mr. Neesima saw an account of the call in the paper and at once wrote to the place and the result is that Mr. Neesima and one of our graduates starts down there this week. Before your letter came, Mr. Neeshima was in doubt about sending men so far away and wheth- er he could send all the men out who were ready to go. He came to me and said there was not money enough. I told him to send on the men and I would advance the money. When he heard of your letter he was half beside himself with joy, I might go on with to any height but I have
written too much already.
I do not know what the Mission will do. I was surprised to find that Mr. Greene has come during the last year to feel much as I do. I do not feel that we need any radical change of policy. I do feel that we need to make the churches feel that this work ought to be done and that it is going to be done and I believe that if they can feel that they have the Board （不明） to supplement what they cannot do at first, the work which is possible for them to do will assume such an importance in their eyes that they will really to do most of it.
I believe also that a little help judiciously given to a few churches to enable us to give our churches and our young men in the school an ex- ample of what a real pastor is will soon place all our churches in a nor- mal selfsupporting condition.
I believe also that a little money given now and then to help worthy young men to stay in our schools will not only tend to double the number of young men who will come to prepare for the ministry but will tend to bind them to the Mission.
Last but not least I believe that we ought to do ten times as much as we are doing in the way of putting a Christian literature within the reach of the millions of this generation.
Yours J. D. Davis
（188） N. G. Clark to J. D. Davis June 18, 1879
Rev. J. D. Davis:
Kioto
Dear Bro;
I have just rec’d through Mr. Humphrey your letter after hearing of the relief from our legacy. You allude to the establishing of a College in Japan. Our Committee have very thoroughly considered the question of colleges, and as this matter was also in the mind of Mr. Otis, and at one time he had purposed leaving money some Colleges, but afterwards changed his will and left the funds to the Board for a general work, our Committee do not feel it proper to divert any part of the legacy to Col- leges as such, but they are ready to do whatever is needed for the thor- ough Christian instruction and training of young men for the work of the ministry. Whatever you need therefore at Kioto, I think we’ll be supplied but the educational work will be kept in close connection with missionary work. The secular drift of all high education is very marked these days, and many of our Colleges founded for the purpose of train- ing men specially for the ministry have very largely ceased to fulfill their first intentions. Our Committee are sticklers for the old ways, and do not feel that it is proper for us to devote money for secular education however high and important it may be in its relations to the general course of civilization. If, however, young men enter our Collegiate theo- logical schools and pay their expenses in order to share in the advantag- es of the institution, they are received, but the primary object to be kept in view always is the cause of Christ and men to preach Christ. If that is kept strongly in the ascendancy the institution will not be swamped by bringing in men who have in view rather secular objects and who are seeking to fit themselves for other departments of labor and effort that belong to a higher civilization. Thus much to prevent mistake or misapprehension. We had thought at first of putting our Col-
leges on a good footing. It was so suggested to us in the papers and was talked of here. I was thinking gladly of fifty thousand （不明） hun- dred thousand dollars to be put into Japan to put your training school on high ground as a Christian College and Seminary, but we find that the school （不明） large as it seems can very easily be absorbed in the broadening and deepening of our general work. We have suffered you know fearfully these years pact, and while we keep the churches up to the old standard and carry them beyond it, we still feel that this million of dollars will be easily absorbed in the course of three or four years or within ten at least, in supplementing what is absolutely needed for the best and most healthful growth of the work in hand, saving a portion of the sum to be given to the work in Africa which seems to be a necessity laid on us in cooperation with other benevolent societies.
Sincerely yours N. G. Clark
（189） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kobe June 24, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
Your letter of May 5th was a surprise to the Mission. It was a sur- prise to me. The Lord was in it however. It is wonderful to see what a change has come over the Mission in a year and your action in placing the $2,000 in the hands of the Com. brought the feeling to the surface.
We spent the days in hearing from each one their views of the need of money and in discussion. It was a surprise to all of us to hear what openings have been lost by our policy and what multitude of openings
there are. Especially was the need of then times as many men as we have emphasized. The feeling for a careful and limited use of foreign money was all but unanimous. We have guarded and limited it in every possible way.
Your letter with the $2,000 has probably （不明） Kiushu to us. It has given the Home Missionary Society courage and faith enough. So that Mr. Neesima has gone down there in response to a call of a company of 30 believers for baptism taken one man of the graduates and others are planning to go. The young men are already separated 1,000 miles. Oh that the 15 were 150.
You will rejoice with us to know that permission has been received for Dr. Gordon to live in Kiyoto for five years.
Yours J. D. Davis
（190） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto July 5, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
I wrote you a month ago that I would prefer to keep my house here on the original plan till the rent paid for it. The Mission however felt that it would be better for the Board to buy and （不明） it, since you had expressed such a desire and I acquiesce. The Mission ask for an appro- priation of $775.00 Amer. Currency which with what rent I have re- ceived will replace the money we put into it. We want to use this mon- ey to help to educate our children some ten years hence if they live. If there is any reasonably safe way to invest it in Boston so that it would
bring 5 or 6 percent interest and Mr. Ward was willing to take charge of it we should prefer to leave it there, but if not and probably there is not, then please send it to Mr. W. G. Sawyer Huntley McHenry Co. Illi- nois W. G. Sawyer Huntley McHenry Co. Illinois.
Please let Treasurer Ward see this letter.
Yours J. D. Davis （不明）
I have sent the $775.00 to W. G. Sawyer as directed （不明）
Sept. 3/79 （署名）
（不明）
（191）J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto July 5, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
I have only time for a word by this mail.
Our Mission have again and again asked for a Christian College for Japan. We felt that another formal request was unnecessary. The need of it impresses itself upon us more and more every year.
The Christian teachers are being discharged from the University in Yedo. The Christian teachers are all discharged from the Gov’t school in Osaka, now raised to a college. We have a great fight before us here with infidelity. We feel that it is now or never for a long time with the
College we have hoped and prayed for. If fear is felt of the permanence of our hold of property in Kiyoto there are two ways of relieving that fear.
1st Mr. Learned and myself stand ready to become Japanese citizens so that we can hold property here.
2nd Locate the College in Kobe and let this school remain in native hands as a preparatory school to the College. By no means let the
$5,000 invested here in this school stand in the way of the needed Col- lege.
A little patience will bring all things right here I think.
Our heathen Gov. is evidently a little chagrined that Dr. Gordon’s pass is granted by the Yedo Gov’t, and has written up there a mass of mis- statements in regard to Mr. Neesima which have stirred them up again, but they will quiet down probably when they know the truth.
We feel that if we do not get an endowment for a college out of the Otis legacy we shall never get it and we care not how the funds are held and managed nor who does it. I cannot write more; lay on my back all day yesterday.
Yours J. D. Davis
（192） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto July 7, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark Dear Brother;
Later news than I had two days ago when I wrote you that we feared our Governor was again making trouble in Yedo leads me to think that
the whole report is much exaggerated and amounts to nothing.
That is the opinion of Mr. Neesima and Mr. Yamamoto.
Yours J. D. Davis
（193） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark
Hiyezan 5 miles N. E. of Kiyoto July 14, 1879 Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
We are much encouraged by the turn things are taking here. The application for Dr. Gordon was refused last Dec. but on the representa- tion of Mr. Neesima to Mr. Mori who stands next to Mr. Terashima in the Foreign Dept., Mr. Learned’s application was granted. Now a sec- ond application for Dr. Gordon was made and Mr. Terashima was in doubt about granting it. His fear was that the foreigners who were in Kiyoto had some claim on the property there which might make the Japanese Gov’t trouble. They have had trouble with foreigners mixed up with Japanese in coal mines etc.
Mr. Mori assured Mr. T. that there was no danger and offered to guarantee it. Mr. Terashima then said he would commit the matter to Mr. Mori and should hold him responsible that there was no trouble and then he granted the application for Dr. Gordon to live five years in Kiyo- to.
Mr. Mori is now anxious to have Mr. Neesima get documents in readi- ness to show that the property is really owned by the “Doshisha!” Co.
and that we have no claim upon it, which he can easily do.
This, as I have it, is the whole secret of the reports which came to us two weeks ago, and of which I wrote you something a week ago. Our
Gov. seems to be accepting the situation more gracefully than ever be- fore. The blind Yamamoto saw him two weeks ago and in a very friendly interview the Gov. expressed his desire that some evening classes might be started in our school where science and other studies can be taught to the teachers of the 64 Ward schools in the city and I think we shall make such an arrangement this fall.
Yours J. D. Davis
（194） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark
Hiyezan Evening July 14, 1879（原文では77年になっているが、内容から 79年と判断した）
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
Since writing the note this morning I have had the privilege of read- ing for the first time a copy of Mr. Greene’s letter to Mr. O. H. Gulick of July 2d and of Mr. Gulick’s letter to you of July 5th both of which Mr.
Gulick sent you by the last mail. I am constrained to say “Behold how great a matter a little fire kindleth!” If Mr. Gulick had heard Mr. Mori say all that he is reported to have said it would be in better taste for him to make so much of it.
Mr. Mori talked with Mr. Tsuda who is connected with the Agricul- tural school in Yedo. Mr. Tsuda hates all Missionaries－those of our own Mission in particular－he is the man who had the difficulty with Mr. Greene which was settled by arbitration last winter and who al- though every one of the five arbitrators including Mr. Neesima exoner- ated Mr. Greene, Mr. Tsuda called Mr. Greene all sorts of names before
the Board, said he was not a human being, begged of him to go home to America etc.
He is the very same whom Mr. Gulick quotes as saying that “Mr.
Neesima is the slave of the Missionaries,” he has repeatedly urged Mr.
Neesima to have nothing to do with the Missionaries etc etc. Now this man reports to a young man connected with his （Mr. Tsuda’s school） in Yedo that Mr. Mori says so and so, this young man comes to Mr. Greene and reports the matter to him. How much Mr. Tsuda has colored it knowing that it was to go to Mr. Greene and us, no one knows. Mr.
Greene, greatly stirred up, sends a telegram to Mr. Gulick to “recall Mr.
Neesima by telegraph from Kiushiu at once, very serious trouble （不明）
wait for letter.” Nothing more than this & Mr. Greene’s letter was need- ed to stir up Mr. Gulick.
I have seen Mrs. Neesima today. She and Yamamoto are enjoying a good laugh at the whole thing.
Four years ago, Mr. Neesima explained to the Gov. here and to the Dept. of Ed. in Yedo that the most of the money for the school was com- ing from friends in America.
Two years ago in response to inquiries from the Foreign Dept. in Yedo Mr. Neesima and Yamamoto gave a written statement to the Gov.
that the foreigners had no legal claim upon the property etc, and he ex- plained again about the money.
The case now stands just as I wrote in my note this morning. The Foreign Dept. have had so much trouble with foreigners mixed up with Japanese in business relations that they are afraid of complications and I cannot blame them. This made Mr. Terashima hesitate about granting Dr. Gordon’s permission until Mr. Mori guaranteed the matter and now
Mr. Mori wants everything kept and done straight and above board so that there may be no further trouble about passes being granted and it will be done as he wants it done. Mr. Neesima will receive our salaries
－the amount which is named in the contract －as a present from our treasurer, and we shall give the Doshisha a receipt for them each month. If this will harm any body, they are pretty tender. With such a friend as Mr. Mori second in the foreign Dept. whom God has put there just as we needed him, we ought not to be discouraged.
A word in regard to the Bible. In the Kiyoto Home, there are two large parlors which when thrown together will hold 100 people, which we build on purpose for, preaching, Bible study, sociables etc. They are in （不明） （不明） the finest room in the building and the Bible is taught in them two or three hours every day. In our “Boys school”, we have prayers in the Chapel every morning with the whole school, at which the Bible is always read in Japanese, remarks are made and prayer is offered. All our Theology and all our Biblical instruction except pure Exegesis is given there.
Two months ago two Kiyoto Fu officials came in while I was reading
（不明） the Gospels with the graduating class, what Christ says about the future. They are two officials who hate Christianity and they tried to make trouble. They made a report to the Foreign Dept. that the Bi- ble was taught in our school. In a pleasant interview with the Gov. his excellency asked Mr. Neesima to send his statement of the matter onto Yedo also and advised him to say that the young men asked a great many questions about words and about the future which we could not answer without referring to what Jesus said. Mr. Neesima sent out full report of the fact that we had always referred to the Bible in this way
in teaching in the school. All this happened just as the Gov. was for- warding Dr. Gordon’s application and yet it was sent on by the Gov. and granted by the foreign Dept.
This is all a carious way to “take revenge.” Our Bible exegesis is still taught in the building across the street from the school and probably will be until religious toleration is proclaimed. No one is in the least dis- commoded by it. It is very easy to criticize in the midst of a campaign but not so easy to tell how or to do better. People in glass houses ought not to throw stones. Nearly every word that Mr. G. says about the states of our school applies to the Newspaper but it is the best practica- ble plan for a paper. His own house is owned by Mr. Neesima, so is the
“Kobe Home” and both are at the mercy of a jealous heathern Govern- ment. It is very doubtful, next to impossible, even if a site for a school could be secured in Osaka or Kobe, on any better plan than the one in Kiyoto. I did not know what was up when Mr. Greene’s （不明） and the reports came. Now hence my letter of a week ago （不明） that I have it.
I can almost say （不明）.
Yours J. D. Davis
（195） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Hiyezan July 21, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
I enclose with this a letter written more than a month ago. I at first thought I would not send it, as the Mission have changed front and all the difficulties to which I refer are in a fair way to be overcome.
I sent it now however simply to show how great was the need of a change. Some in he Mission were disposed to go too far, as I thought I found myself two or three times standing shoulder to shoulder with Mr.
Leavitt holding back. I think however that the unanimous action of the Mission on all these questions as it was sent to you was very wise.
The need of more men as evangelists and Pastors is wonderful. Oh that our 15 graduates were 50. The young men who have gone home this summer Kiushu, especially in the province of Higo, report the old prejudice gone and the people anxious to hear the Gospel in one place they offer to pay 10 dollars a month if any one can come and teach them the truth Mr. Neesima reports the same state of things in Hiuga adjoin- ing Higo. The province of Omi east of us here is calling for men and Mr. Honma from Hikone writes that he has just made a trip to the prov- ince north of here－Mino－and finds the Bible on sale in five cities and towns procured from Yokohama－（from Mr. Lilly of the （不明） Bible Society I suppose）－They are anxious to hear and in one place plead earnestly for a preacher to be sent to them. He also reports that the coolies along the thorough fares have heard of the way and are interest- ed many of them having read the little tract of which we have distribut- ed so many thousands.
I feel more than ever what has been on my heart so long that we ought to put Christian books on sale all through this Empire and use tracts ten times as much as we have ever done. I also feel that we ought to select from our churches from 15 to 25 men of the older &
more developed at once who will be likely to develop into pastors and workers and give them from one to three years of training and press them into the work.
I supposed that this was what our training school was for rather that to take heathen boys 13 or 15 years old and put them through a course of seven years we need to do both. When I have pressed the training of such church members heretofore I have always heard the reply that there was no way in which they could be supported.
I hope that this can be done now. With Dr. Gordon with us in Kiyoto and a way to support or help men in preparation for the ministry. I feel that we have a very bright prospect before us in training up speedily a great company of needed workers.
With the three young men of the graduating class whom we retain to teach Eng. and Elementary science, Mr. Learned, Dr. Gordon and myself expect to give most of our time to the Biblical Dept. I hope Capt. Janes can come so that we may give all of it.
The Pres. Churches during 1878 gave more money for the work than our own notwithstanding the fact that foreign money was used. I feel that the future of our Mission and its work never looked so bright as now and just so also about the particular place of it in Kiyoto. I enclose a list of the places to which the recent graduates are called.
Yours J. D. Davis Mr. Yamasaki remains to teach in the school.
〃 Ichihara 〃 〃 〃 〃 Morita 〃 〃 〃
〃 Miyagawa 〃 〃 girls’ school Mr. Yebina is called to Annaka.
〃 Wada expects to study law.
〃 Fuwa is called to Sanda.
〃 Ise is 〃 to Imabari Shikoku.
〃 Kato 〃 undecided but called in many places.
〃 Ukita 〃 called to Tammon dori Kobe.
〃 Kanamori 〃〃 Okayama.
〃 Kozaki 〃 〃 Sendai.
〃 Shimomura 〃 〃 Kishiwada.
〃 Yoshida 〃 〃 Osaka.
〃 Okada 〃 〃 Yedo.
〃 Honma who left a year ago is doing a grand work as Pastor in Hikone and is Pioneering in Mino. Mr. Suda who was the pioneer of Ka- goshima is in the center of the province of Omi as Pastor at Yokaichi.
Yours J. D. Davis
（196） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Hiyezan Aug 1, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
Your two letters of June 10th came by the last mail. I am somewhat surprised at your statement that none of the Otis legacy is to be used for educational institutions or Colleges rather I should say.
We have practically a college now in Kiyoto. If this school is to be
“vigorously sustained” that is all we desire. I should be glad to see a Christian College endowed here; so that no fluctuations of receipts would endanger it, but if that cannot be we shall hope that our present school enlarged from time to time as the exigencies demand will be a Christian College and more.
We are encouraged and satisfied with the grants recently made.
They will enable us to meet the demands of the school. Mr. Neesima had returned and is searching for men to send to Kiushiu but I fear lest we have none to send. Oh for 50 men! The recent alarm of what the Gov. may do proves to be nothing but a “panic in the rear.”
Yours J. D. Davis P. S. Our recent graduates are already scattered 1,000 miles apart preaching the word.
（197） N. G. Clark to J. D. Davis Missionary Room, Boston Sept. 1, 1879 J. D. Davis
Kioto Dear Bro;
Your favor of July 7th & 5th are at hand. I am sorry to hear of your poor health, but hope that a vacation and （不明）（不明） will set you up again.
I note what you say of the opposition of the Governor of Kioto and the embarrassment in which Mr. Neesima may be placed. I am sorry we have not given more prominence to his name as the head of the training school, and so have endeavored to conform more carefully to the ar- rangement with the government. Probably a friendly governor would never have thought of any difficulty in the way. I would be careful that all my dealing with the government be strictly on the square. I do not apprehend, however, anything serious from this, but in our Annual Re- port and references hereafter will give due prominence to Mr. Neesima,
and so meet the feelings if possible of our native friends.
I note what you say of becoming Japanese citizens in certain emer- gencies. I hardly think that is wise. Your spirit of self-sacrifice is to be commended, but whether after all you might not be involved in even worse complications is a question. If need be, we can remove our corps of instructors to Kobe and as you suggest pass over our buildings at Ki- oto for the present to the Native Society for school purposes.
No notion has yet been taken by our Committee on the request sent forward by last mail from your mission as further information is expect- ed by the next mail. Action will be taken then in due course.
Sincerely yours N. G. Clark P. S. （不明）dictating the above another mail has come and your favors of July 14th & 21.－and June 16th. （不明）（不明）to our action in （ 1 行不 明） and any matter （不明）（不明） ing. I am aware of your （不明） sug- gestion must have come from above （ 1 行半不明） I cannot but feel that you ought to have （不明） no more （不明） before. I am sure we have
（不明） you always in your plans. I have done it faithfully I am sure, while （不明） of （半行不明）
C
（198）Missionary Rooms to J. D. Davis Boston Sept. 3, 1879
Rev. J. D. Davis Kioto
Dear Brother;
Just a word more to say that the amount asked for your house－&775
was duly granted at the last meeting of the Prudential Committee and the money will be sent as you have suggested. I （不明） larger part of your letter of June 16th to the Prud. Com at （不明） session yesterday, and they all felt that （ 1 行不明） for their prompt and （数字不明） action in appointing the Committee of fund and （不明） in their （不明） funds to see （数字不明） of native preachers （半行不明） you give us, and the fact that young men in the Kioto school have turned aside from the ministry in （半行不明） taken by the （不明） Missionary （不明）（不明） by the mis- sion has given us a great deal of pain. Your later letter after the Annual Meeting is in more hopeful strain, and I trust that the （数字不明） When
（不明）（不明） of the success （半行不明） Methodist friends, and con- trast in results with those in our own field cannot but regret our failure to use its advantages in our hands. The loss of （不明） pains me. I hope that Mr. Neesima will get favorly（ママ） started in Kiusiu, and that we shall not allow our （不明） to be occupied by other Societies through any neglect of our own. As I have written to the Secretary （半 行 不 明）
made for appropriation in （不明） of native agency for next year, proba- bly because it was felt （以下不明）
P. S. 解読不可
（199）J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark D. D.
Kiyoto Sept. 13, 1879 Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
You may have been surprised to receive by the last mail the long let- ter from Mr. Leavitt as one of a Com. of three appointed by the Mission to write up the question of the Newspaper. The Mission were more
surprised than you were and the result was a meeting of the Mission yesterday and a full day’s discussion. There was no sympathy ex- pressed by any member of the Mission with any of the plans for change proposed by Mr. Leavitt.
There was more enthusiasm expressed for the paper than ever before and nearly every member of the Mission pledged himself to write for it and work for it as never before.
There was a universal expression that the paper must be made better and its circulation increased, but on no account, must it be changed to a secular paper. A thorough examination of the present cost－showed that an advance of 15 percent on the present prices of the paper would make it selfsupporting when it reaches a circulation of 5,000. The feel- ing was that it would be unwise to raise the price just now until the cir- culation is more fully assured. An examination of the matter shows that an increased circulation at present prices will not be at a loss financially.
The paper is the only organ of communication between the churches of all denominations in this Empire and the only Christian paper among nearly 300 papers. It must look largely to the Christian people for its support but this is a rapidly increasing constituency.
There are some reasons why the theory of Mr．Leavitt of changing the character of the people will not ensure a larger circulation. It is started as a Christian paper and so long as Christians run the paper it will have to bear the stigma of Christianity until that prejudice is re- moved here in Japan.
Then it is a Weekly paper, and no weekly paper in Japan can at present compete with the enterprising dailies of which every enterpris- ing men takes one. Clubs take one daily and pass them around.
Then there is another difficulty. No paper is popular here with the in- telligent masses unless it discusses political questions, and any paper that does this runs great risk of being suspended and of having its pro- prietors sent to prison, and we cannot afford to let the Government get the impression that we are interfering in political questions.
It is not necessary for me to refute all the fallacies in Mr. Leavitt’s let- ter. The Newspaper has as strong a hold upon the Mission as any insti- tution which the Mission has and it must and will be sustained and go forward to success in every way.
I hope that the appropriation asked for an English translation for the paper and publication Dept. of the Mission. Mr. Gulick has been under pressure long enough and this man would help to improve the paper.
Our schools are opening with great promise in Kiyoto this term.
Yours J. D. Davis
（200） E. E. Strong to J. D. Davis Sept. 21, 1879
Rev. J. D. Davis Kioto
Dear Bro.
I send you by this mail a few galley proofs of Mr. Yamasaki’s graduat- ing address from the Oct. Herald. I was equally impressed by Mr. Ise’s address but （不明）（不明） for （不明） and thus one of （不明） seemed （不 明） likely to （不明） an impression about Japan. I offered Mr. Ise’s paper to the Vermont Chronicle, but am （不明）to get no reply from them.
The Congregationalist （ 1 行不明） it. I may find room for a part of it
sometime. I think the （不明）（不明） the graduates （不明）（不明） and （不 明） an excellent （不明） of an excellent （不明）. If you have many （不明）
（不明） young men （不明） may need them to enlighten us in America.
Please keep any eye （不明） for any thing that will be （不明） for the Herald. In writing to Dr. Clark our good brother abroad （不明）（不明）
in view the reading （不明） that （ 1 行不明） papers. I like （不明） a little help privately, now & then. I was specially glad of Yamasaki’s paper.
（不明） Yours E. E. Strong
（201）J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto October 3, 1879
Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
Our schools have opened here again, prosperously notwithstanding the cholera, which has caused an order to be issued forbidding all as- semblies for whatever purpose, which is not yet rescinded in Kiyoto, but as the cholera is decreasing we hope it will soon be removed so that we can resume our meetings on the Sabbath. We have between 80 & 90 young men in the Training school and about 30 girls in the Home. Miss Parmelee has permission to reside here for six months and we hope that before that expires she will have a longer one. I write now especially to say that we are sending to Mr. Hutchins to buy some apparatus for the school and in addition to what we can get with the money at our dispos- al we all feel that we ought to have a small telescope of sufficient power to show the moons（ママ） of our sister planets at least. The question came up whether we should try to get a cheap telescope for a hundred
dollars or so out of the 500. We have to spend for apparatus or whether we should present the need to you and see if you could not secure a better one for us. The latter course was decided upon and （不明） this letter. The Japanese are very much impressed with astronomy and a telescope which would cost a few hundred dollars, would we feel, be money well invested for the course. It is not necessary to enlarge upon the matter, we feel that it is a need which ought to be met at once.
We are hoping to make an arrangement so that many of the workers and church members especially the older and promising ones can come to the school and study & hear Lectures three months each year and work the other nine months and so train up a valuable corps of helpers in addition to those who pursue a more extended course of study. The telescope would pay for itself for this class alone, as they listen to Lec- tures on Nat. Theol. and prepare to go back and preach the Gospel to these millions who worship the sun and moon every day.
The arrangement we now have to help students will enable us I hope to carry out the above plan. Heretofore whenever anything of the kind has been proposed it has always been met by the reply that there was no way such a class of men could be supported while studying.
Mr. Leavitt is now one of the “Com. of Five” as when Dr. Gordon came to Kiyoto I resigned my place and Mr. L. was chosen to fill the va- cancy.
To show you that things are moving over here, I might say that Mr.
Leavitt proposed to the Com. the other day that the Com. pay a part of the salary of the pastor of the Neesima church so that they might have more money to use in the general work－Girls’ school and so forth. An- other arrangement is made and I am glad of it for I feel as I have al-
ways felt that the support of its pastor is one of the first things for a church to do.
You will hear of the organization in Shikoku Imabari, and Mr. Ise’s or- dination.
The work in Hikone, with Pastor Honma is very promising.
The Native Missionary Society meets in Osaka next week at the same time as the Board’s meeting at Syracuse.
Yours J. D. Davis P. S. Yours of Sept 1 & 3d just rec’d. Please accept my thanks. I think everything is working toward as free a use of foreign money here now as I desire, in fact you may see me pulling on the selfsupport side before long. I found myself pulling shoulder to shoulder with Mr. Leavitt on that side once or twice in the late meeting. The favors however as do I the setting apart of $10,000 of the Otis Legacy for creating & publishing a Christian Literature in Japan. It ought to be done. J. D. Davis
（202） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto October 22, 1879 Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
It is perhaps too late to do any good but I must say a word about the
“Mission Medical” Appropriation. From a letter of yours to Dr. Taylor which I have just seen I judge that you may have received a wrong im- pression and that you are about to cut off this appropriation. I think that that will be a mistake. The Mission medical appropriation has nev- er been a “common fund from which all could draw as they pleased.” It
has been in the hands of the medical men in the Mission and no one has been able to get a cent’s worth of medicine unless a physician pre- scribed it. It has always come through the physicians. If there have been any exceptions to this rule they have been irregularities of which I have not heard. The Mission, six years ago, adopted a rule which was designed to cause each one （不明） to pay for the wines and liquors pre- scribed by a Physician, save in extreme cases when the Mission was to decide the question.
On account of the ambiguity of the wording there arose a difference of opinion about the application of it but at the meeting last June a rule was unanimously adopted which cannot be misunderstood.
In regard to the main question whether Missionaries shall have sala- ries large enough to ensure themselves against the expenses of sickness or whether the Board shall ensure them, I am aware that there is some- thing to be said on both sides; but from the standpoint of our Mission and here in Japan I must say that it seems to me that it would be a great mistake to change the policy of the last ten years.
We are working under tremendous pressures in an Asiatic country, under climatic influences, which the history of the Mission shows are lia- ble to cause sudden and prolonged illnesses. We are out of the reach of good medicines only as our own physicians import them. We are scat- tered more or less and are going to be more into the interior, dependent on Physician in other stations for medicines and attendance and the traveling expenses of the physicians to the stations to visit the sick, must under the proposed arrangement be paid by the person sick.
If the Mission are to be safe on the proposed arrangement, they will need to ask for an advance of at least 5% on the present salary. This
would amount to twice the amount asked for “Mission Medical.” I should think that the same principle would hold here as in Fire Insur- ance that the Board could insure the whole Mission and pay for the
“losses” by sickness as they occur, cheaper than would be the result of each individual family or person asked for salary enough to ensure him- self.
You may say that in very extreme cases the expenses would be borne by the Board but that would take from 4 to 5 months to get the action of the Board, and most families would as surely need to ask for an expense of 25 dollars to be met by the Board as they would for one of $250, for the present salaries have not been covering Medical expens- es.
My own family during the eight years we have been here, have not I presume averaged $10 a year for medicine, but I cannot tell but that it may take $50.00, $100.00 or $500.00 the next year.
It costs the Board on an average 20 or 30 dollars a year to each per- son for medicines etc, and if we were sure of its being evenly distribut- ed there would be no objection to having the salary cover it, but one half of the Mission during a given year may not need a cent’s worth of medicine and one or two families may need $100.00 or $200.00 each.
Why not have the Medical men of the Mission to decide who needs medicine and furnish it, under the restrictions in regard to doubtful medicines like liquors, which we have placed upon ourselves?
Yours J. D. Davis P. S. Oct 27th Since writing this letter I spent last night in Kobe, helping to care for and trying to make some plan for a change for Mrs. Jencks
whose nervous collapsed. I hope we shall be able to save her. This adds emphasis to what I have written of the pressure under which we like and work.
（203）J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto October 27, 1879
Postscript to letter of Oct. 22 on medicine Dear Dr. Clark;
I spent last night in Kobe trying to help care for Mrs. Jencks and make some plan for a change for her. I hope we shall save her, but it is a hard case. Her babe is two months old and it has been a great care and her nervous system was collapsed. She was last night a maniac in the worst sense of the word. This emphasises what I have said in the letter about the fact that the climatic influences together with the strain of changed relations here in Asia added to the tremendous pressure of the work which comes upon us, makes our chances for health and our condition a little different from those of pastors at home.
I must say again that I feel that you make a great mistake if you cut off the medical appropriation which the Mission has had ever since it was organized and which the Mission unanimously asked for last June not to be a “common stock for all to draw from” but to be in the hands of the Medical men of the Mission to be by them prescribed as it is needed.
I would not have this sad news about Mrs. Jencks go from my pen to the ears of her friends at home.
Yours J. D. Davis
（204） J. D. Davis to N. G. Clark Kiyoto October 22, 1879 Rev. N. G. Clark D. D.
Dear Brother;
I think you can now realize why I felt like resigning last Dec. that my salary might be used to carry on our work. I felt that we had not asked for more than one half as much as we ought to use in the work and that was half cut off; and the work of our Mission which ought to be more prosperous and more extended than that of any other Mission here seemed likely to go to the rear entirely.
Our great need now is men－native workers. More than double the places are opened up and calling for men than we can supply.
We have a strong class coming on in our school but it will be three or four years yet before they are ready for work. We took them as hea- then boys of 13－15 and now they number 20 and two thirds of them are church members and expecting to give their lives to preaching the Gospel. We need however to train, in addition a class of older men from our churches and are hoping to do so, as I wrote you last mail.
The restrictions on public gatherings, on account of cholera, were re- moved so that we resumed our public services, as usual in the city last Sabbath for the first time in nearly four months.
Mr. Neesima’s lame sister lies at the point of death with consumption
－a triumph of grace and an inspiration to all who have seen her for the last few weeks.
Yours J. D. Davis
