Lipomyces
1 2 16 11 12 18 13 15 20 23 5 37 41 42 46 47 52 14 25 38 12 6 24 25 43 6 47 48 49 50 51 51 43 44 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 4 5 6 7 8 2 1 2 (µm3) (mg/108cells) 3 4 5 6 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 4 2 1 2 ( )
54 54 55 56 58 59 60 68 65 66 70 64 67 72 73 61 62 75 53 57 59 66 69 74 76 58 70 71 71 77 79 78 76 3 1 1 2 3 4 2 1 2 No. 347 1 2 3 4 (90-L ) No. 347 5 No. 347 4 1 1 2 3 4 2 1 2 No.8 1 2 3 5-L 4 (90-L ) No. 8 5 1 1 2 3 4
84 87 89 93 94 81 82 80 80 2 1 2 3 Lipomyces
OD (Optical Density) g rpm × M pH
(NH4)2SO4 KH2PO4 MgSO4 7H2O
NaCl CaCl2 2H2O FeCl3
6H2O (III) CuSO4 5H2O Ⅶ(II) ZnSO4 7H2O
MnSO4 H2O (II) Na2MoO4 2H2O (VI)
KI H3BO3 NADPH ( ) TCA • (µm3) • • (mg/108cells) (mg/108cells) = (mg/mL) / (cells/mL) (g/L) 1 L (%) (%) = (g/L) / (g/L) × 100 (%) (g/L) (g/L) (%) = [ (1000 rpm, 10 ) (g/L)] / [ (2500 rpm, 30 ) (g/L)] × 100
1) 1,2) 3,4) 5) 2015 21 (COP21) 6) COP21 2 1.5 7,8) 4%9) 10) 1 1 Saccharomyces 11) Kluyveromyces 12) 13) Botryococcus14) Aurantiochytrium15) 16) • 17) 18) EU 3 19) (1) (2)
(3) (1) (2) (3) (4) 20-22) 100 1 2 23-25) • Papanikolaou Yarrowia lipolytica 26) Rhodotorula glutinis Xue 27) Spier 12 28) Dien 18 Lipomyces Myxozyma 29)
Lipomyces R.L.STARKEY 1946 LIPID
PRODUCTION BY A SOIL YEAST 30) NBRC
102 Ⅰ 320 Lipomyces • 31) • (C18:1) 55% (C16:0) 25% 32) • 33) Lipomyces 34) 35-43) 44) 45) 46-52) Lipomyces Ⅰ 300 Lipomyces 1 Ⅰ Lipomyces 2
1 Lipomyces 53) Ⅰ 54,55) 20 28 35 13,000 Lipomyces • • - - • Lipomyces
1 1 (1)Ⅰ 320 ( ) 1-1 (2) CBS56)( ) JCM NBRC( ) 49 1-2 (3) Lipomyces 57,58) 3
L. starkeyi CBS 1807 L. starkeyi Ⅰ No. 8 L. starkeyi
Ⅰ No. 35 25 L 3 (1% 0.5%
0.3% 0.3% )
(MCV-710ATS, Sanyo [Panasonic]) 10%
UV (50 cm) 90 (20 µL)
(1% 0.5% 0.3% 0.3% 1.5% )
25 7
( ) No. 6 No. 7 No. 9 No. 11-1 No. 11-2 No. 15 No. 21-1 No. 22 No. 12 No. 16 No. 18 No. 21-2 No. 8 No. 10 No. 19 No. 24 No. 23 No. 25 No. 28 No. 32 No. 34 No. 36 No. 32-2 No. 35 No.37 No. 67 No. 41 No. 43 No. 44 No. 48 No. 49 No. 47 No. 50 No. 51 No. 45 No. 55 No. 60 No. 57 No. 68 No. 61 No. 58 No. 63 No. 62 No. 72 No. 73 No. 78 No. 85A-4 No. 86-1 No. 87 No. 76 No. 70 No. 84 No. 85B-1 No. 85B-2 No. 86B-1 No. 89-1 No. 89-3 No. 89-4 No. 91-1 No. 91-2 No. 93 No. 1 No. 17 ( ) No. 98 No. 99-1 No. 99-4 No. 101-1 No. 101-2 No. 102-5 No. 110-3 No. 113 No. 102-1 No. 103-1 No. 108 No. 111 No. 99-3 No. 100 No. 109 No. 116 No. 114 No. 119 No. 120-3 No. 120-4 No. 128 No. 162-5 No. 124-2 No. 162-1 No.163 No. 185 No. 166 No. 167-2 No. 168 No. 171 No. 172 No. 170 No. 173 No. 174-1 No. 169 No. 175 No. 181 No. 177 No. 186 No. 182 No. 179 No. 184 No. 183 No. 188 No. 189 No. 191 No. 193 No. 196 No. 198 No. 190 No. 187 No. 192 No. 194 No. 195 No. 197 No. 199 No. 200 No. 201 No. 202 No. 203 No. 204 No. 95 No. 107
( ) No. 207 No. 208 No. 210 No. 212 No. 213 No. 215 No. 220 No. 222 No. 214 No. 216 No. 218 No. 221 No. 209 No. 211 No. 219 No. 224 No. 223 1-1-(3) (3 / 6) No. 225 No. 226 No. 228 No. 230 No. 233 No. 229 No. 231 No.234 No. 252 No. 236 No. 237 No. 238 No. 241 No. 242 No. 240 No. 243 No. 244 No. 239 No. 245 No. 248 No. 246 No. 253 No. 249 No. 247 No. 251 No. 250 No. 255 No. 256 No. 258 No. 260 No. 263 No. 265 No. 257 No. 254 No. 259 No. 261 No. 262 No. 264 No. 266 No. 267 No. 268 No. 269 No. 270 No. 271 No. 206 No. 217 ( ) No. 273 No. 274 No. 276 No. 278 No. 279 No. 281 No. 286 No. 288 No. 280 No. 282 No. 284 No. 287 No. 275 No. 277 No. 285 No. 290 No. 289 1-1-(4) (4 / 6) No. 291 No. 292 No. 293 No. 295 No. 297 No. 294 No. 296 No.298 No. 316 No. 299 No. 300 No. 301 No. 305 No. 306 No. 304 No. 307 No. 308 No. 302 No. 309 No. 312 No. 310 No. 317 No. 313 No. 311 No. 315 No. 314 No. 319 No. 320 No. 322 No. 324 No. 327 No. 329 No. 321 No. 318 No. 323 No. 325 No. 326 No. 328 No. 330 No. 331 No. 332 No. 333 No. 334 No. 335 No. 272 No. 283
( ) No. 337 No. 338 No. 340 No. 343 No. 344 No. 346 No. 351 No. 353 No. 345 No. 347 No. 349 No. 352 No. 339 No. 342 No. 350 No. 355 No. 354 No. 356 No. 357 No. 358 No. 360 No. 362 No. 359 No. 361 No.363 No. 383 No. 364 No. 365 No. 366 No. 369 No. 370 No. 368 No. 371 No. 372 No. 367 No. 375 No. 379 No. 377 No. 384 No. 380 No. 378 No. 382 No. 381 No. 386 No. A-1 No. -a(35) No. 2-a(35) No. 2-d(35) No. 2-f(35) No. -b No. 385 No. B2-a No. 2-b(35) No. 2-c(35) No. 2-e(35) No. 2-g(35) No. 3-a No. 3-a(35) No. 3-b(35) No. 3-c(35) No. 4-a No. 336 No. 348 ( ) No. 5-a No. 5-c No. -a No. 6-a No. 4-c
Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T 1-2 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1810 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 2511 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 5607 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 5910 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 6048 Lipomyces tetrasporus JCM 6005 Lipomyces tetrasporus JCM 6006 Lipomyces tetrasporus JCM 6008 Lipomyces tetrasporus JCM 6009 Waltomyces lipofer CBS 5841 Waltomyces lipofer CBS 5842
Rhodosporidium diobovatum IFO 1829 Rhodotorula glutinis JCM 5949 Rhodotorula rubra IAM 12232 Rhodotorula rubra IFO 1100 Waltomyces lipofer IFO 1288T Lipomyces kononenkoae IFO 10376 Lipomyces kononenkoae JCM 5989 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7542 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7545 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 2516 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 6132 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7729 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7731 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7851 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7535 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682
Lipomyces kononenkoae IFO 10377
Lipomyces mesembrius CBS 7600 Lipomyces mesembrius CBS 7601 Lipomyces mesembrius CBS 7661 Lipomyces mesembrius CBS 7737 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 10032 Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 10033 Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 10075 Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 11012 Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 11013 Rhodosporidium toruloides NBRC 11014 Lipomyces starkeyi IAM 4753
Lipomyces japonicus CBS7549 Lipomyces japonicus CBS7550
Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807
1-3
Lipomyces starkeyi No. 8 Lipomyces starkeyi No. 35
2 1-4 S 1-5 S (NH4)2SO4 1/10 1/10N S 1-6 YM 60) 1-7 YM 1/10 1/10YM 1-4 S a (NH4)2SO4 KH2PO4 MgSO4•7H2O NaCl CaCl2•2H2O b 3.5 1 0.5 0.1 0.1 1 20 g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L a b 1-5 1/10N•S a (NH4)2SO4 KH2PO4 MgSO4•7H2O NaCl CaCl2•2H2O 0.35 1 0.5 0.1 0.1 1 g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L a 1-6 YM a b 3 3 5 20 g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L a b 1-7 1/10YM a b 0.3 0.3 0.5 20 g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L a b
3 61) 1 62-64) (1) Saccharomyces 65) Lipomyces 66) (2) (3) Lipomyces 53)
2 67-71) Lipomyces 72,73) 3 (1) 1:1 (2) (3) 2 3 Ⅳ ( )
3 (1) JA ( JA Ⅰ) 600 Lipomyces & (MM1 ) (-30 ) 80% 10% 74) (2) ( ) 75) (-30 ) 90% 6% 2% 76)
4 77) (1) (2) 3 A 81.7% B 88.6% C 86.6% ( )
4
( 90 × 15 mm EOG , polystyrene, IWAKI)
4% ( : = 1:1) 5%
UV
( : = 1:1) A B C 7 (w/v%) 1 (w/v%) 1 (w/v%) 2 (w/v%) 2 (w/v%) 1 (w/v%) 10 (v/v%) 8 (w/v%) 1 (w/v%) 8 (w/v%) 8 (w/v%) 1 (w/v%) 121 15 min (0.05 w/v% ) UV pH pH4.0 pH4.0 pH4.0 pH5.5 pH5.5 pH5.5 pH4.0 pH4.0 pH4.0 pH4.0 pH4.0 pH4.0 121 30 min 121 30 min 121 30 min 121 15 min 121 15 min 121 15 min 121 15 min 121 15 min 121 15 min 121 15 min 121 15 min UV UV UV UV UV UV UV UV UV UV UV 2 w/v% 20 mL/ ( 90 × 15 mm)
5 (1)
(30-mL 18 × 180 mm) 3% S 1/10YM
5 mL 121 15
300 µL 28 (TA-9R-2F, ( ))
Incubator shaker IK 400W( ( )) 120 strokes/min(7 cm )
( 1-1) (2) ( 20 mL) 6 2 (( ) ) (EYELA, MTI-202) 20 28 35 10 1-1 S or 1/ 10YM (5 mL/30-mL ) 300 µL 28 (-80 ) 1 6 10 ( ( ) 20 28 35) 10 µL 2 1-1 (15% )
(3) • 1/10N S YM 78) 1 2 Ⅲ 1 5 (1) 5% 1/10N S 5% 1/10N S 100 mL 500-mL 121 15 5 mL (TA-9R-2F, ( )) Incubator shaker IK 400W( ( )) 28 7 ( 120 strokes/min(7 cm ) 140 strokes/min(7 cm ))
6 • (1) 79,80) 1-2 (mg/108cells) 1 mL (mg/mL) (cells/mL) 2×107 108 cells/mL (18×110 mm) 1 mL TG ( , ) 2
CUTE MIXER (EYELA CM-1000) 30 60 (2,500 rpm)
20 µL TG 3 3 mL
37 10 2,500 × g 5
(DISMIC-25cs, Cellulose Acetate 0.45 µm, ADVANTEC)
(600 nm) 1 mL (mg)
(Thoma deep 0.1 mm, Erma) 81) 400
100 150 2 (2
3 ) ( mg/108cells)
(2) •
1-3 - •
(OLYMPUS, BX51) (MICRONET
NY-P5000 90455) (NIKON COOLPIX P5100)
3.5 • 50% • • 30% • 6 • • (µm3) • 1-4 100 6 3 6
1-2 (2,500 × g 5 ) (2.5 g) (60 ) 20 µL TG (37 10 ) mg/108cells ( ) (2×107 108 cells/mL ) 1 /1 /1 g/L
30 0 60 90 (µ m 3) 30 6 3 70 100 1-4 3 6 30 70 100 3 ( 3 3 ) BX51 U Plan Fl 40× (NIKON COOLPIX P5100) (MICRONET NY-P5000 90455) 1-3 -(0.1 mL ) 6
7
Ⅰ No. 67 320 335 347 350 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 L. kononenkoae CBS
8114 Ⅰ No. 8 5% 1/10N S 5% 1/10N S 7 (28 120 strokes/min 140 strokes/min) (PAL-1, Atago) 250 µL 2.5%HCl 7 mL 121 60 82,83) ( CII- , ) (%)84) (g/L) (g/L)
8
Ⅰ No. 35 67 320 335 350 357 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 Ⅰ No. 8
5% 1/10N S 5% 1/10N S 7 (28 120 strokes/min 140 strokes/min) 1 6 (1) 2,500 rpm 60 1,000 rpm 10 (%) (g/L) (g/L)
2 1 • • 1-5 ( ) 1/4 26% 669 • 1-9 28 35 • 1-6 • ( - - ) - - • 46 µm3 46 µm3 • 1-5
(µm3) ( ) 168 No. 89−3 (A ) 28 141 Lipomyces lipofer CBS 5842 ( ) 28 110 No. 175 ( ) 35 109 No. 323 ( ) 35 104 No. 347 ( ) 28 98 No. 296 ( ) 35 95 No. 296 ( ) 35 95 No. 248 ( ) 28 93 No. 347 ( ) 35 87 No. 210 (A ) 28 87 No. 311 ( ) 28 85 No. 89−4 (A ) 28 83 No. 76 ( ) 28 83 No. 263 ( ) 28 83 No. 68 ( ) 20 80 No. 4-a ( ) 35 80 No. 8 ( ) 28 79 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 35 77 No. 91 2 (A ) 28 75 No. 4-c ( ) 28 75 No. 295 ( ) 35 73 No. 296 ( ) 35 73 No. 350 ( ) 35 71 No. 186 ( ) 28 69 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 35 67 No. 263 ( ) 35 67 No. 259 ( ) 35 66 No. 91−1 (A ) 28 64 No. 260 ( ) 35 64 No. 67 ( ) 28 64 No. 259 ( ) 35 62 No. 296 ( ) 35 62 No. 313 ( ) 35 62 No. 25 ( ) 28 62 No. 63 ( ) 28 61 No. 57 ( ) 35 61 No. 260 (B ) 35 61 No. 327 ( ) 28 61 No. 259 ( ) 35 61 No. 381 ( ) 28 61 No. 1 ( ) 35 61 No. 241 ( ) 28 60 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 (A ) 28 60 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 (A ) 28 60 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 (B ) 35 60 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 ( ) 20 59 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 ( ) 35 59 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T (A ) 35 59 No. 326 ( ) 35 59 No. 296 ( ) 35 59 No. 57 ( ) 28 59 No. 265 ( ) 35 59 No. 320 ( ) 35 59 No. 86-1 ( ) 20 57 No. 193 (B ) 28 57 No. 271 ( ) 28 57 No. 313 ( ) 35 57 No. 4-c ( ) 28 57 No. 23 ( ) 28 57 No. 296 ( ) 35 56 No. 331 ( ) 35 56 No. 334 (A ) 28 56 No. 295 ( ) 35 56 No. 68 ( ) 28 56 No. 225 ( ) 28 56 No. 67 ( ) 28 56 No. 335 ( ) 35 56 No. 172 ( ) 28 1-9-1
(µm3) ( ) 54 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 20 54 No. 262 ( ) 35 54 No. 35 ( ) 35 54 No. 44 ( ) 28 54 No. 86B-1 ( ) 28 54 No. 86B-1 ( ) 20 53 No. 15 (A ) 28 53 No. 320 ( ) 35 53 No. 55 ( ) 28 53 No. 260 ( ) 35 53 No. 323 ( ) 28 52 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 ( ) 28 52 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 ( ) 28 52 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 35 51 No. 50 (A ) 20 51 No. B2-a ( ) 28 51 No. 163 ( ) 28 51 No. 379 ( ) 28 51 No. 305 ( ) 28 51 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 (B ) 35 50 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 35 50 No. 89−3 ( ) 28 50 No. 58 (A ) 28 50 No. 295 ( ) 35 50 No. 346 ( ) 28 50 No. 324 ( ) 35 50 No. 260 ( ) 35 50 No. 1 ( ) 35 50 No. 343 ( ) 35 50 No. 314 ( ) 28 50 No. 4-a ( ) 28 50 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 ( ) 35 50 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 28 49 No. 24 ( ) 28 48 No. 44 (C ) 28 48 No. 3-b(35) ( ) 35 48 No. 234 ( ) 35 48 No. 98 ( ) 28 48 No. 35 ( ) 35 48 No. 225 ( ) 35 48 No. 262 ( ) 35 48 No. 259 ( ) 28 48 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 20 47 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 (B ) 35 47 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 (B ) 35 47 No. 354 ( ) 35 47 No. 330 ( ) 28 47 No. 261 ( ) 35 47 No. 332 ( ) 35 47 No. 1 ( ) 28 47 No. 266 ( ) 28 47 No. 5-c ( ) 28 46 No. 335 ( ) 35 45 No. 4-a ( ) 35 45 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 ( ) 28 45 No. 344 ( ) 35 45 No. 328 (A ) 28 45 No. 86−1 (B ) 28 45 No. 339 ( ) 35 45 No. 358 ( ) 28 45 No. 58 ( ) 28 45 No. 85B-2 ( ) 28 45 No. 107 ( ) 28 45 No. 226 ( ) 28 45 No. 1 ( ) 28 45 No. 263 ( ) 35 45 No. 86-1 ( ) 28 45 No. 120-3 ( ) 28 45 No. 3-a ( ) 28
(µm3) ( ) 44 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7729 ( ) 28 44 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 ( ) 28 44 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 (A ) 28 44 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 (B ) 28 44 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 (B ) 28 44 No. 263 ( ) 35 44 No. 23 ( ) 28 44 No. 1 ( ) 35 44 No. 262 ( ) 35 44 No. 347 ( ) 35 44 No. 175 ( ) 28 44 No. 311 ( ) 28 44 No. 337 ( ) 28 44 No. 68 ( ) 28 44 No. 386 ( ) 28 44 No. 334 ( ) 28 44 No. 233 ( ) 28 44 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 (B ) 28 43 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 ( ) 20 43 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 (B ) 28 43 No. 93 ( ) 28 43 No. 210 ( ) 28 43 No. 193 (A ) 28 43 No. 89−3 (A ) 20 43 No. 354 ( ) 35 43 No. 68 ( ) 28 43 No. 2-c(35) ( ) 28 43 No. 334 ( ) 35 43 No. 163 ( ) 28 43 No. 76 ( ) 20 43 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7787 ( ) 35 43 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 28 42 No. 333 (A ) 28 42 No. 253 (B ) 35 42 No. 335 ( ) 28 42 No. 259 ( ) 35 42 No. 85B-2 ( ) 28 42 No. 334 ( ) 35 42 No. 326 ( ) 35 42 No. 356 ( ) 28 42 No. 86B-1 ( ) 20 42 No. 260 ( ) 35 42 No. 173 ( ) 28 42 No. 36 ( ) 20 42 No. B2-a ( ) 28 42 No. 171 ( ) 20 42 No. 309 ( ) 20 42 No. 328 ( ) 20 41 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7787 ( ) 28 41 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 28 41 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 20 41 No. 173 ( ) 28 41 No. 175 (A ) 28 41 No. 3-b(35) ( ) 35 41 No. 331 ( ) 35 40 No. 252 ( ) 28 40 No. 345 ( ) 28 40 No. 23 (A ) 28 40 No. 58 (A ) 20 40 No. 86-1 ( ) 28 40 No. 384 ( ) 20 40 No. 4-c ( ) 20 40 No. 233 ( ) 28 40 No. 3-b(35) ( ) 35 40 No. 110-3 ( ) 28 40 No. 162-1 ( ) 28 40 No. 269 ( ) 28 40 No. B2-a ( ) 20 1-9-3
(µm3) ( ) 39 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 35 39 No. 272 ( ) 28 39 No. 321 (A ) 28 39 No. 247 (B ) 28 39 No. 85B-2 (B ) 28 39 No. 198 (C ) 28 39 No. 89-3 ( ) 28 39 No. 44 ( ) 28 39 No. 3-a(35) ( ) 28 39 No. 4-a ( ) 28 39 No. 5-a ( ) 28 39 No. 5-a ( ) 20 39 No. 264 ( ) 35 39 No. 85B-1 ( ) 28 39 No. 2-e(35) ( ) 35 39 No. 124-2 ( ) 28 39 No. 62 ( ) 20 39 No. 124-2 ( ) 20 39 No. 101−1 ( ) 28 39 No. 89−4 ( ) 28 39 No. 23 ( ) 20 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 35 38 No. 259 ( ) 28 38 No. 319 ( ) 28 38 No. 329 ( ) 28 38 No. 1 (A ) 28 38 No. 89−4 (B ) 28 38 No. 2-f(35) ( ) 35 38 No. 318 ( ) 20 38 No. -a ( ) 20 38 No. 379 ( ) 20 38 No. 336 ( ) 35 38 No. 173 ( ) 28 38 No. 259 ( ) 28 38 No. 260 ( ) 28 38 No. 116 ( ) 28 38 No. 319 ( ) 28 38 No. 55 ( ) 20 38 No. 263 ( ) 20 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 ( ) 20 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 28 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 (A ) 35 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7535 (B ) 28 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 (B ) 20 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 (B ) 20 38 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 (B ) 28 38 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7545 ( ) 28 38 No. 252 ( ) 35 38 No. 179 ( ) 28 37 No. 85B-2 ( ) 28 37 No. 86−1 ( ) 28 37 No. 50 ( ) 28 37 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 ( ) 28 37 No. 215 ( ) 28 37 No. 350 ( ) 28 37 No. 259 (B ) 35 37 No. 326 ( ) 28 37 No. 287 ( ) 20 37 No. 379 ( ) 28 37 No. 3-c(35) ( ) 35 37 No. 76 ( ) 28 37 No. 359 ( ) 28 37 No. 68 ( ) 20 37 No. 326 ( ) 20 37 No. 244 ( ) 28 37 No. 348 ( ) 35 37 No. 292 ( ) 28 37 No. 359 ( ) 28 37 No. 36 ( ) 20
1-9-5 (µm3) ( ) 36 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 35 36 No. 15 ( ) 28 36 No. 188 ( ) 28 36 No. 347 ( ) 28 36 No. 91 2 ( ) 28 36 No. 190 (A ) 28 36 No. 347 (A ) 28 36 No. 242 (A ) 20 36 No. 119 (B ) 28 36 No. 195 ( ) 28 36 No. 305 ( ) 35 36 No. 259 ( ) 35 36 No. 120-3 ( ) 28 36 No. 323 ( ) 35 36 No. 2-a(35) ( ) 35 36 No. 7 ( ) 28 36 No. 50 ( ) 28 36 No. 4-a ( ) 28 36 No. 44 ( ) 35 36 No. 8 ( ) 28 36 No. 309 ( ) 28 36 No. 337 ( ) 28 36 No. 354 ( ) 28 36 No. 1 ( ) 20 36 No. 8 ( ) 20 36 No. 107 ( ) 20 36 No. 347 ( ) 20 35 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 ( ) 35 35 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 35 35 No. 8 ( ) 20 34 No. 35 ( ) 28 34 No. 55 ( ) 28 34 No. 189 ( ) 28 34 No. 221 ( ) 28 34 No. 242 ( ) 28 34 No. 386 ( ) 28 34 No. 194 (A ) 28 34 No. 217 (A ) 28 34 No. 320 (A ) 28 34 No. 330 (B ) 28 34 No. 208 ( ) 28 34 No. 328 ( ) 28 34 No. 8 ( ) 28 34 No. 22 ( ) 20 34 No. 265 ( ) 28 34 No. 357 ( ) 28 34 No. 62 ( ) 20 34 No. 3-a(35) ( ) 35 34 No. 17 ( ) 28 34 No. 253 ( ) 35 34 No. 289 ( ) 28 34 No. 292 ( ) 28 34 No. 328 ( ) 28 34 No. 5-a ( ) 28 34 No. 22 ( ) 20 34 No. 91-1 ( ) 20 34 No. 334 ( ) 20 34 No. 193 ( ) 28 34 No. 228 ( ) 28 34 Lipomyces kononenkoae JCM 5989 ( ) 28 33 No. 35 ( ) 35 33 No. 287 ( ) 28 33 No. 274 (A ) 28 33 No. 23 (B ) 28 33 No. 44 (B ) 28 33 No. 50 (B ) 28 33 No. 91 2 (B ) 28 33 No. 260 (C ) 28 33 No. 266 ( ) 28
(µm3) ( ) 33 No. 294 ( ) 28 33 No. 1 ( ) 35 33 No. 86-1 ( ) 28 33 No. 86B-1 ( ) 28 33 No. 263 ( ) 28 33 No. 15 ( ) 35 33 No. 43 ( ) 28 33 No. 177 ( ) 28 33 No. 353 ( ) 28 33 No. 2-f(35) ( ) 28 33 No. 51 ( ) 20 33 No. 312 ( ) 28 33 No. 357 ( ) 28 33 No. 350 ( ) 20 32 No. 23 ( ) 35 32 No. 44 ( ) 28 32 No. 119 ( ) 28 32 No. 209 ( ) 28 32 No. 220 ( ) 28 32 No. 186 (A ) 28 32 No. 221 (A ) 28 32 No. 197 (B ) 28 32 No. 335 (B ) 28 32 No. 331 (C ) 28 32 No. 113 (C ) 20 32 No. 41 ( ) 28 32 No. 320 ( ) 28 32 No. 321 ( ) 28 32 No. 293 ( ) 28 32 No. 50 ( ) 20 32 No. 22 ( ) 28 32 No. 36 ( ) 28 32 No. 57 ( ) 28 32 No. 119 ( ) 28 32 No. 312 ( ) 28 32 No. 36 ( ) 20 32 No. 57 ( ) 20 32 No. 67 ( ) 20 32 No. 76 ( ) 20 32 No. 337 ( ) 20 32 No. 253 ( ) 35 32 No. 333 ( ) 35 32 No. 8 ( ) 28 32 No. 24 ( ) 28 32 No. 257 ( ) 28 32 No. 262 ( ) 28 32 No. 336 ( ) 20 32 No. 35 ( ) 35 32 No. 300 ( ) 28 32 No. 50 ( ) 20 32 No. 85B-2 ( ) 20 32 No. 264 ( ) 20 32 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 ( ) 28 32 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 ( ) 20 32 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 28 32 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 (A ) 25 32 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 (A ) 20 32 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 (B ) 20 32 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 ( ) 28 31 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7729 (C ) 20 31 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 5607 ( ) 20 31 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 28 31 No. 346 ( ) 28 31 No. 382 (A ) 28 31 No. 190 (B ) 28 31 No. 345 (B ) 28 31 No. 173 (C ) 28 31 No. 3-c(35) ( ) 35 31 No. 89-3 ( ) 28
1-9-7 (µm3) ( ) 31 No. 276 ( ) 28 31 No. 62 ( ) 28 31 No. 91-1 ( ) 28 31 No. 259 ( ) 28 31 No. 289 ( ) 28 31 No. 25 ( ) 20 31 No. 172 ( ) 20 31 No. 357 ( ) 28 31 No. 318 ( ) 35 31 No. 352 ( ) 28 31 No. 63 ( ) 20 31 No. 86B-1 ( ) 28 31 No. 252 ( ) 28 31 No. 306 ( ) 28 31 No. -a ( ) 28 31 No. 51 ( ) 20 31 No. 356 ( ) 20 31 Lipomyces kononenkoae JCM 5989 ( ) 28 31 No. 181 ( ) 28 31 No. 67 ( ) 20 31 No. 348 ( ) 20 31 No. 120-3 ( ) 28 31 No. 50 ( ) 20 31 No. 113 ( ) 20 31 No. 186 ( ) 20 31 No. 189 ( ) 20 31 No. 179 (A ) 28 31 No. 62 ( ) 28 30 No. 239 ( ) 28 30 No. 44 (A ) 28 30 No. 85B-2 (A ) 28 30 No. 217 (A ) 20 30 No. 62 (B ) 28 30 No. 254 (B ) 28 30 No. 221 (B ) 20 30 No. 323 ( ) 28 30 No. 67 ( ) 28 30 No. 382 ( ) 28 30 No. 236 ( ) 28 30 No. 24 ( ) 28 30 No. 35 ( ) 28 30 No. 55 ( ) 28 30 No. 63 ( ) 28 30 No. 8 ( ) 20 30 No. 86B-1 ( ) 20 30 No. 318 ( ) 35 30 No. 324 ( ) 35 30 No. 234 ( ) 28 30 No. 291 ( ) 28 30 No. 331 ( ) 28 30 No. 291 ( ) 20 30 No. 348 ( ) 20 30 No. 357 ( ) 20 30 No. 36 ( ) 28 30 No. 57 ( ) 28 30 No. 67 ( ) 28 30 No. 85B-1 ( ) 28 30 No. 119 ( ) 28 30 No. 318 ( ) 28 30 No. 86B-1 ( ) 20 30 No. 95 ( ) 20 30 No. 291 ( ) 20 30 No. 333 ( ) 20 30 No. 5-a ( ) 20 30 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 28 30 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 20 30 Lipomyces tetrasporus JCM 6009 ( ) 28 30 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 35
(µm3) ( ) 29 No. 186 ( ) 28 29 No. 287 ( ) 20 29 No. 187 (A ) 28 29 No. 188 (A ) 28 29 No. 188 (A ) 20 29 No. 15 (B ) 28 29 No. 201 (B ) 28 29 No. 287 (B ) 28 29 No. 321 (B ) 28 29 No. 15 (C ) 28 29 No. 16 ( ) 28 29 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 28 29 No. 10 ( ) 28 29 No. 265 ( ) 35 29 No. 330 ( ) 35 29 No. 296 ( ) 28 29 No. 1 ( ) 20 29 No. 25 ( ) 20 29 No. 50 ( ) 20 29 No. 295 ( ) 28 29 No. 101-1 ( ) 20 29 No. 289 ( ) 20
29 Waltomyces lipofer IFO 1288T ( ) 28
29 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 2511 ( ) 35 29 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 20 28 No. 313 ( ) 28 28 No. 120−3 ( ) 28 28 No. 382 ( ) 28 28 No. 58 ( ) 20 28 No. 189 (A ) 28 28 No. 349 (A ) 28 28 No. 175 (A ) 20 28 No. 199 (A ) 20 28 No. 382 (A ) 20 28 No. 24 (B ) 28 28 No. 187 (B ) 28 28 No. 196 (B ) 28 28 No. 311 (B ) 28 28 No. 320 (B ) 28 28 No. 359 (B ) 20 28 No. 1 (C ) 28 28 No. 111 (C ) 28 28 No. 330 (C ) 28 28 No. 2-a(35) ( ) 35 28 No. 305 ( ) 28 28 No. 314 ( ) 28 28 No. 293 ( ) 20 28 No. 293 ( ) 28 28 No. B2-a ( ) 20 28 No. 15 ( ) 28 28 No. 290 ( ) 28 28 No. 6 ( ) 28 28 No. 85B-2 ( ) 28 28 No. 311 ( ) 28 28 No. 356 ( ) 28 28 Lipomyces kononenkoae JCM 5989 ( ) 20 28 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 ( ) 35 28 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 28 28 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 35 27 No. 339 (A ) 20 27 No. 93 (B ) 28 27 No. 288 (B ) 28 27 No. 32−2 (B ) 28 27 No. 196 (C ) 28 27 No. 259 (C ) 28 27 No. 336 (C ) 28 27 No. 330 (C ) 20 27 No. 1 ( ) 28
1-9-9 (µm3) ( ) 27 No. 15 ( ) 20 27 No. 321 ( ) 28 27 No. 257 ( ) 28 27 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 20 27 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T (A ) 35 27 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 (B ) 20 27 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 (B ) 20 27 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 (B ) 28 27 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 20 27 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7545 ( ) 28 27 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7731 ( ) 20 27 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 20 27 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 20 26 No. 28 ( ) 28 26 No. 91−1 ( ) 28 26 No. 196 (A ) 28 26 No. 183 (B ) 28 26 No. 186 (B ) 28 26 No. 339 (B ) 28 26 No. 8 (B ) 20 26 No. 230 (B ) 20 26 No. 335 (B ) 20 26 No. 329 (C ) 28 26 No. 288 ( ) 20 26 No. 310 ( ) 35 26 No. 351 ( ) 28 26 No. 15 ( ) 28 26 No. 258 ( ) 20 26 No. 305 ( ) 20 26 No. 8 ( ) 28
26 Waltomyces lipofer IFO 1288T
( ) 28 26 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 ( ) 20 26 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 35 26 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 5607 ( ) 28 26 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 5607 ( ) 35 25 No. 357 (A ) 20 25 No. 43 (C ) 28 25 No. 328 (C ) 28 25 No. 89−3 (C ) 28 25 No. 338 ( ) 28 25 No. 3-a(35) ( ) 20 25 No. 15 ( ) 28 25 No. 354 ( ) 20 25 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 28 24 No. 321 (B ) 20 24 No. 253 (C ) 28 24 No. 345 (C ) 28 24 No. 351 (C ) 28 24 No. 357 (C ) 28 24 No. 3-a(35) ( ) 35 24 No. 296 ( ) 28 24 No. 72 ( ) 20 24 No. 8 ( ) 20 24 No. 24 ( ) 28 24 No. 236 ( ) 28 24 No. 290 ( ) 28 24 No. 63 ( ) 20 24 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7545 ( ) 20
24 Waltomyces lipofer IFO 1288T ( ) 28
24 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 35 24 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7543 ( ) 28 24 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7731 ( ) 20 24 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 28 24 No. 55 ( ) 20 24 No. 359 ( ) 20 24 No. 351 ( ) 20 24 No. 189 (A ) 20 24 No. 182 (B ) 28 24 No. 343 (C ) 28
(µm3) ( ) 24 No. 98 ( ) 28 23 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7729 ( ) 20 23 No. 200 ( ) 28 23 No. 301 (B ) 28 23 No. 55 (B ) 20 23 No. 310 ( ) 35 22 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces tetrasporus CBS 5607 ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T (B ) 35 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 (C ) 35 22 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7545 ( ) 28 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 35 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8114 ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7535 ( ) 35 22 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7542 ( ) 28 22 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7542 ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces mesembrius CBS 7737 ( ) 28 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae KW-3 ( ) 35 22 Lipomyces tetrasporus JCM 6009 ( ) 35 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae JCM 5989 ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7545 ( ) 20 22 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7849 ( ) 28 22 No. 50 (B ) 20 22 No. 346 (C ) 20 22 No. 350 (C ) 20 22 No. 252 ( ) 20 21 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 ( ) 20 21 No. 353 (A ) 20 21 No. 331 (C ) 20 21 No. 40 ( ) 35 21 No. 2-f(35) ( ) 20 21 No. 44 ( ) 28 21 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 ( ) 28 20 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7731 ( ) 20 20 No. 116 ( ) 28 20 No. 91−2 ( ) 20 20 No. 70 (B ) 28 20 No. 3-a(35) ( ) 35 19 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 7545 ( ) 20 19 No. 24 ( ) 20 19 No. 251 ( ) 20 19 No. 312 ( ) 35 19 No. 25 ( ) 28 19 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7682 ( ) 28 17 No. 234 ( ) 28 17 No. 22 ( ) 28 17 No. 332 (C ) 28 15 No. 173 (C ) 20 15 No. 201 (A ) 20 13 No. 8 ( ) 20
150 120 90 30 60 0 1~56~1011~1516~2021~2526~3031~3536~4041~4546~5051~5556~6061~6566~7071~7576~8081~8586~9091~9596~100 101~105106~1 10 116~120121~125 111~1 15 126~130 136~140131~135141~145146~150 156~160151~155161~165166~170 (µm3) 1-6 669 ( - - )
2 • (µm ) (mg/10cells) • 1-7 • 33 µm3 • 33 µm3 TG • 2 1-7
: No. 8 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 No. 67
L. kononenkoae CBS 8114 No. 320 No. 335 No. 350 No. 347
:1/10N•S 100 mL/500-mL [ 50%( 5%) pH4.0 120 strokes/min] [ 14%( 5%) 140 strokes/min] 28 1 3 ± (n = 3) (µm3) 60 4 1 2 40 20 0 0 3 50 30 10 (m g/ 10 8cells)
3 • 33 µm3 33 µm3 1-6 46 µm3 • (13,392) 0.9% 121 1-10 ( ) 20 23 7 Lipomyces 85) 4 6 10 Lipomyces 9 5 14 A 12 B 6 C 1
(mg/108cells) b No. 23 No. 35 No. 44 No. 55 No. 57 No. 63 No. 67 No. 76 No. 260 No. 263 No. 295 No. 332 No. 381 L.kononenkoae CBS 7681 No. 68 No. 225 No. 261 No. 296 35 5.0 ± 0.1 20 7.2 ± 0 L. lipofer CBS 5842 28 10.8 ± 1.6 ( ) ( ) No. 1 ( ) a 28 3.6 ± 0 28 4.6 ± 0.1 3.7 ± 0 35 4.2 ± 0 28 4.1 ± 0 28 4.8 ± 0 28 5.1 ± 0 28 5.3 ± 0 28 28 7.2 ± 0 35 3.9 ± 0 28 7.3 ± 0.1 35 4.5 ± 0 35 3.6 ± 0.1 28 5.0 ± 0 35 3.8 ± 0.1 28 4.6 ± 0 28 35 4.5 ± 0 3.7 ± 0 35 3.6 ± 0 4.8 ± 0 35 No.67 No.1 c ( ) 35 4.0 ± 0 28 4.5 ± 0 5.3 ± 0 5.6 ± 0 6.5 ± 0.1 8.4 ± 0 No.259 No.296 No.295 No.263 35 35 35 35 4.3 ± 0.1 No.68 No.1 ( ) 4.0 ± 0 28 4.4 ± 0 28 4.9 ± 0 28 8.5 ± 0.2 28 3.7 ± 0 5.5 ± 0 28 35 4.2 ± 0 35 35 No. 265 4.8 ± 0.1 35 No. 296 4.6 ± 0 28 No. 314 3.9 ± 0 35 No. 320 4.7 ± 0 35 No. 335 4.5 ± 0 35 No. 343 3.9 ± 0 28 No. 379 4.0 ± 0 28 No. 4-a 3.9 ± 0 28 No. 5-c 3.6 ± 0 35 No. 262 3.7 ± 0 28 No. 266 3.6 ± 0 28 No. 305 4.0 ± 0 No. 323 4.2 ± 0 9.9 ± 0.1 28 35 No.163 No.248 No.241 No.172 No.260 No.259 No. 186 28 6.0 ± 0 35 No. 296 5.1 ± 0 No. 313 35 5.1 ± 0 No. 8 28 7.0 ± 0.3 ( ) No. 234 35 3.8 ± 0 35 No. 259 5.0 ± 0 5.4 ± 0 No. 260 35 4.6 ± 0 No. 313 35 4.8 ± 0 No. 326 35 6.4 ± 0 No. 4-c 28 ( ) No. 86B-1 28 4.2 ± 0 No.86B-1 20 20 No. 86-1 4.8 ± 0
15.9 ± 0.2 No. 89-3 28 7.5 ± 0.1 28 No. 89-4 5.5 ± 0.1 No. 91-1 28 28 No. 91-2 6.6 ± 0 28 4.6 ± 0 35 No. 295 3.8 ± 0 8.6 ± 0.1 No. 296 35 7.6 ± 0 No. 311 28 5.0 ± 0 No. 327 28 3.6 ± 0 No. 330 28 4.0 ± 0 28 No. 346 9.3 ± 0.2 No. 347 28 L.starkeyi CBS 1807 35 5.8 ± 0 35 No. 3-b(35) 3.7 ± 0 No. 35 35 4.3 ± 0.1 28 No. 98 3.7 ± 0 6.3 ± 0.1 No. 296 35 4.2 ± 0 No. 320 35 4.0 ± 0.1 No. 324 35 3.6 ± 0.2 No. 335 35 8.0 ± 0.1 35 No. 347 6.3 ± 0.1 No. 350 35 35 L.starkeyiCBS 1807 4.1 ± 0 35 4.8 ± 0.1 No. 15 28 4.2 ± 0.1 20 No. 50 4.0 ± 0.1 3.9 ± 0.1 No. 58 28 28 4.9 ± 0 28 4.9 ± 0.1 No. 193 28 4.6 ± 0 35 No. 260 5.0 ± 0 3.6 ± 0 35 3.6 ± 0 35 5.0 ± 0.1 35 4.0 ± 0.1 35 No. 25 28 5.1 ± 0 28 No. 4-c 4.6 ± 0 3.9 ± 0 L.kononenkoae CBS 7681 28 4.2 ± 0.7 L.kononenkoae CBS 8114 20 4.0 ± 0 No. B2-a 28 3.7 ± 0 No. 44 28 a 46 µm3 b (µm3) (mg/108cells) ( 1-7 ) 3 c 0.05% d (mg/108cells) b ( ) ( ) a 1-10-2 ( ) L.starkeyiCBS 1807 ( ) d ( ) No. 24 28 3.9 ± 0 35 No. 57 5.0 ± 0 20 4.3 ± 0.1 28 4.1 ± 0.1 35 6.9 ± 0.1 28 35 4.2 ± 0.1 3.8 ± 0 20 3.7 ± 0 35 4.9 ± 0 L.kononenkoae CBS 7681 L.kononenkoae CBS 8114 L.kononenkoae CBS 7682 L.kononenkoae CBS 7543 L.starkeyiCBS 1807 L.kononenkoae KW-3 ( ) 9.9 ± 0.1 No. 175 35 4.3 ± 0 No. 262 35 4.5 ± 0 No. 331 35 3.6 ± 0 No. 354 35 6.9 ± 0.1 35 No. 4-a L.kononenkoae CBS 7682 L.kononenkoae CBS 7543 A 7.7 ± 0 No. 210 28 4.5 ± 0 No. 334 28 (B ) (C ) L.kononenkoae CBS 7681 L.kononenkoae CBS 7543 L.kononenkoae CBS 7682 L.kononenkoae CBS 8114 No. 271 3.9 ± 0 No. 89-3 28
4 (1)
( 23.1 ) 23 35
Ⅰ No. 3-b(35)( ) Ⅰ No. 4-a( )
(2) 3
1-11
(2)-1
Ⅰ No. 296 6
Ⅰ No. 260 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 7681 4 5 (2)-2 20 28 35 L. kononenkoae 3 1-11(2)-2 20 28 35 L. kononenkoae CBS 7681 B L. kononenkoae CBS 7682 B L. kononenkoae CBS 8114 1-11(2)-1 No. 296 No. 260 B L. kononenkoae CBS 7681 B 20 28 35 A B
5 Ⅰ 86) Lipomyces87) Lipomyces Ⅰ 5% 1/10YM 5% YM Ⅰ Ⅰ No. 335 3% YM 100 Ⅰ No. 335 1-8 Ⅰ No. 335 1/10YM( ) YM( ) YM 100 Ⅰ No. 335 1/10YM 88,89) Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807T Ⅰ No. 335 (1/10YM ) YM 1-8 No. 335 YM : 5 mL/30-mL (18×180 mm)( 5%) 120 strokes/min 28 1 3 ± (n = 3) 1 3 0 2 1/10YM ( ) (m g/ 10 8ce ll s) YM ( ) (c el ls /m L ) 108 107 No. 335 4 1 3 0 2 1/10YM ( ) (m g/ 10 8ce ll s) YM ( ) (c el ls /m L ) 108 107 YM 100 No. 335 4
6 1 1-9 (%) (mg/108cells) Lipomyces -3-90-92) TCA CoA • 90,92-93) NADPH 90,91,93) ( 2 5 ) -9
: No. 8 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 No. 67
L. kononenkoae CBS 8114 No. 320 No. 335 No. 350
No. 347 :1/10N•S 100 mL/500-mL [ 50%( 5%) pH4.0 120 strokes/min] [ 14%( 5%) 140 strokes/min] 28 1 3 1 ± (n = 3) (m g/ 10 8cells) (% ) 4 2 1 0 10 20 30 0 3
2 1 94) Ⅰ 1-10 • ( ) (%) (mg/108cells) 1-11 •
1-10 40 0 (%) 20 50 60 0 3 4 1 2 30 10 (a) (b) (m g/ 10 8cells) 1-11
: No. 8 Lipomyces kononenkoae CBS 8113 No. 67 No. 320 No. 335 No. 350 (a) No. 35 (b) No. 357 :1/10N•S 100 mL/500-mL [ 50%( 5%)
pH4.0 120 strokes/min] [ 14%( 5%) 140 strokes/min] 28
1 1
2 1-4 S CuSO4 5H2O 0.1 mM 1 mM 2 1 2 2 Wickerham 60) 2-1 2-1 (NH4)2SO4 KH2PO4 MgSO4•7H2O NaCl CaCl2•2H2O FeCl3•6H2O CuSO4•5H2O ZnSO4•7H2O MnSO4•H2O Na2MoO4•2H2O KI H3BO3 Biotin 30 1 0.5 0.1 0.1 200 40 400 400 200 100 500 2 g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L (NH4)2SO4 = 3.5(N = 0.74) 0.35(N = 0.074)
3 (1)
3% 1/10N S ( 1-5) 5 mL/30-mL 100
mL/500-mL (TA-9R-2F, ( ))
Incubator shaker IK 400W( ( )) 120 strokes/min( 7 cm) 28
3 5
(2)
5% 30-mL ( 5 mL) 250
µL 500-mL ( 100 mL) 5 mL 1×106
4
(1) (cells/mL)
1 1 6 (1)
(2) (mg/108cells)
2 1 2-1 2-2 Cu2+(CuSO4 5H2O) Cu2+ (0.1 mM 1 mM) 0.1 1 mM Cu2+ 0.1 mM Cu2+ 2-1 ( ) 2-2 Cu2+ 0.1 mM Cu2+ No. 347 1 mM
2 ( ) Lipomyces 1 2 5 1/10YM Lipomyces 50) ( ) ( ) 1/10 ( 2-1) Ⅰ No. 335 ( ) 1/10 2 ( 2-3) (N) α-90) 1 C/N Lipomyces Lipomyces Mn2+ Zn2+ 50-52,95,96) 2-3 ( ) : No. 335 : 5 mL / 30-mL (18×180 mm) 120 strokes/min 28 1 2 ± (n = 2) (mg/108cells) 0.35 (0.074) 3.5 (0.74) 0 3 6 9 ( ) (g/ L )
3
Lipomyces
1 1 2013 2014 7 8 (5SW , O&K ) (HC-JH, ) (PAL-1, Atago) 9 12% pH 2.2 20-L (-30 ) 6N KOH pH4.0
2 3-1 LS 95) (NH 4)2SO4 1/10 1/10N LS 1/10N S ( 1-5) 1/10YM ( 1-7) 3-1 1/10N•LS (NH4)2SO4 KH2PO4 MgSO4•7H2O NaCl CaCl2•2H2O FeCl3•6H2O CuSO4•5H2O ZnSO4•7H2O Na2MoO4•2H2O KI H3BO3 Biotin 500 0.35 1 0.5 0.1 0.1 2.42 18.8 18 3.2 13 42.9 0.2 mL/L g/L g/L g/L g/L g/L mg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L µg/L
3 (1)
3% 1/10N S 5 mL/30-mL 100 mL/500-mL
1.5 3 pH 121 15
(TA-9R-2F, ( )) Incubator shaker IK 400W(
( )) 120 strokes/min( 7 cm) 28 3 4 5 (2)5-L 5-L (B. E. MARUBISHI, MDL-8C AIBLE, BMS-05NP3, DPC-3A) 2.5 L 121 15 28 1.0 L/min(0.4 vvm) 100 150 200 rpm 4 (3) (90-L )
90-L (Biott, AIBLE, DPC-3A)
45 L 121 20 28 40 rpm(0.4 vvm) 7 (4) YM Ⅰ No. 347 1 2 Ⅲ 5% 500-mL ( 100 mL) 5 mL 5-L ( 2.5 L) 125 mL 90-L ( 45 L) 2,250 mL 1×106 cells/mL
4 (1) 1 1 6 (2) • (2) (cells/mL) 1 1 6 (1) (3) (mg/108cells) (g/L) 1 1 6 (1) (4) (%) 1 1 7 (5) (%) 1 1 8 (6) 2,500 × g 5
2 1 Ⅰ No. 35 98 296 320 324 335 347 350 Lipomyces starkeyi CBS 1807 9 10% 1/10N S ( 101) OD (Optical Density) 660 = 0.02 6 (mg/108cells) (%) (%) 3-1 Ⅰ No. 347(L. starkeyi NBRC 112453) 8 No. 347 No. 296 No. 350 No. 35 No. 320 L. starkeyi CBS 1807 No. 324 No. 98 No. 335 10 5(%) 50(%) 100 3 1.5 (mg/108cells) 3-1 : 80%( 10%)•(1/10N•S) 100 mL / 500-mL pH4.0 120 strokes/min 28
2 No. 347 1 Ⅰ No. 347 3-2 1/10N LS 1/10YM (mg/108cells) (g/L) 1/10N LS Lipomyces Zn2+ Mn2+ 95) 97) 3-2 : 100 mL / 500-mL [ 50% ( 5%) pH4.0] 120 strokes/min 28 1 3 ± (n = 3) 0 2 4 3 1 2 0 3 4 5 0 0.5 1.0 2.0 + 1/10N•LS 1/10YM+ 1.5 1 (m g/ 10 8cells) (g/ L ) (10 8cells/mL)
2 36% 45% 55% 64% 73% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 3-3 36% 55% 64% 73% 45 Lipomyces 3-3 Ⅰ No. 347 98) 3-3 : 11% 100 mL / 500-mL pH4.0 120 strokes/min 28 1 3 ± (n = 3) 1 2 0 3 4 73 64 55 45 36 8 7 6 5 4 (%) 5 0 10 15 ( cP ) (g/ L )
3 (5-L) 100 150 200 rpm 3-4 100 rpm 150 rpm 200 rpm Lipomyces (DO) 99) 100-102) 0 3 9 6 1 2 0 3 4 (rpm) 100 150 200 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 (m g/ 10 8cells) (g/ L ) (10 8cells/mL) 3-4 : 50%( 5%) 2.5 L / 5-L pH4.0 0.4 vvm 28 ( 3 3 )
4 (90-L ) Ⅰ No. 347 5-L 150 rpm 40 rpm(0.4 vvm) 3-5 64 40 Ⅰ No. 347 103-105) Ⅰ No. 347 3-6 184 6.8 mg/108cells 85% 3.8 g/L
3-6 (90-L ) 184 No. 347 10 µm 3-5 (90-L ) No. 347 : 56%( 5%) 45 L / 90-L pH4.0 0.4 vvm 45 rpm 28 ( 3 3 ) 1 2 0 3 4 (h) 120 160 200 40 80 0 6 4 2 106 107 108 (m g/ 10 8cells) (g/ L ) (c el ls /m L ) 0
5 Ⅰ No. 347 1 ha 0.5 cm 5 kL 60% 8-kL 1.7 m 3.5 m Ⅰ No. 347 (90-L ) (3.8 g/L) 8-kL 19 kg 184 1 2 24 456 kg 1 ha 300 400 kg 106) Ⅰ No. 347 ( )
4
54
107)
1 1 (1) 10% 37% (-30 ) (2) JA ( JA Ⅰ) pH3 0.8% 121 30
2
3 (1) 3 1 3 (1) (500-mL ) 100 mL 121 15 30
28 (TA-9R-2F, ( )) Incubator shaker IK 400W(
( )) 120 140 160 strokes/min( 7 cm) 3 5 (2)5-L 5-L 2 2 3(5-L ) (3) (90-L ) 90-L 5-L 21%( 7.9%) 1/10N S 40 L KM-72 ( )100 mL 100 20 28 160 rpm(0.8 vvm) 7 (4) YM Ⅰ No. 8 1 2 Ⅲ ( 101) 660 nm Optical Density(OD) OD660 = 0.05
4 (1) (cells/mL) 1 1 6 (1) (2) (mg/108cells) (g/L) 1 1 6 (1) 90-L (3) • (µm3) 1 1 6 (2) • (4) (%) 1 1 7 (5) (%) 1 1 8
2 1
4 ( 4-1) Ⅰ
No. 296 No. 313 Ⅰ No. 186
4 3 Ⅰ No. 8 (NPMD NITE P-1070) UV ( 1 1 1 (3) ) Ⅰ No. 8 (mg/108cells) (%) (%) Ⅰ No. 8 3 No. 186 No. 8 30 15(%) 25(%) 50 5 2.5 (mg/108cells) No. 296 No. 313 4-1 No. 8 9.6%( 8%) •(1/10N•S) 100 mL / 500-mL 120 strokes/min 28
2 No.8 1 Ⅰ No. 8 3% 4-2 ( 4-2 ) 0.2% 97) Lipomyces 50) 108) Ⅰ No. 8 4-2 0.8 g / 100 mL pH3 121 30 min 10%( 3%) 100 mL / 500-mL pH5.5 120 strokes/min 28 1 3 ± (n = 3) 0 50 100 (µ m 3) 0.2 0.4 (%)
2 1/10N S 4-3 160 rpm 140 rpm 160 rpm 160 rpm 140 rpm 0 100 50 ( µm 3) 14 19.5 22 28 (w/v%) 16.5 25 4-3 1/10N•S 100 mL / 500-mL 28 ( 3 3 )
3 5-L 5-L 4-4 109) KM-72 ( ) 25 121 20 5-L 90-L 4-4 5-L
4 (90-L ) Ⅰ No. 8 4-5 93 93 Lipomyces 8.4 g/L 11.4 mg/108cells 7.0 mg/108cells Ⅰ No. 8 (8.4 g/L) 3 2 2 5 ( 5 kL/8-kL φ1.7 m h 3.5m) 1 (168 ) 42 kg ( 2 24 ) 1 Ⅰ No. 8 (300 400 kg/ha/ )106) 2.5 4-5 (90-L ) No. 8 : 21%( 7.9%)•(1/10N•S) 40 L / 90-L 160 rpm(0.8 vvm) 28 3 0 6 9 0 9 6 3 0 4 8 (m g/ 10 8cells) (g/ L ) (10 7cells/mL) (h) 120 150 180 30 90 0 60 12
5
1 1
( )
1 1
2
3 5%
