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英
語
（ 分）Ⅰ
The following text is a report by a writer who interviewed people in Finland. Answer the following questions based on the text. For the words marked with an asterisk (＊), explanatory notes are provided after the text. （配点率 ％）!!!
【出典】 Patrick Barkham. “Who’s afraid of the big, bad wolf?” The Guardian Weekly, 24-30 March, 2017.（一部改変）
Notes: Finland:
（【地図 出典】 https://www.freeworldmaps.net/europe/finland/location.html）
Finn: a person who is from Finland
livestock: animals such as cows and sheep that are kept on a farm
cull: the act of legally killing animals so that there are not too many of them, or so that a disease does not spread
vigil: a silent overnight gathering for protest and/or prayer
saboteur group: a group which intentionally damages, destroys, or spoils someone else’s property or activities, in order to prevent them from doing something they don’t agree with
（著作権の関係で掲載しておりません）
!!!
wolverine
moose
hare lynx
【挿絵 出典】 Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Alaska Wildlife Notebook Series, 2008.
compensate: to pay someone money because he/she has suffered loss or damage wildlife charity: an organization set up to provide help and raise money for wild animals poaching: the act of illegally catching or shooting animals without permission
burglary: the crime of entering a building to steal things
Answer questions［ ］−［ ］.
［ ］ According to the information in the article, are the following statements true or false ?
⑴ In 2016, the Finnish government conducted wolf culls.
⑵ Finnish people are divided between protecting wolves and culling them. ⑶ Urban Finns are trying to drive wolves into extinction.
⑷ Scientific studies show that wolves in Scandinavia are not hostile to human beings. ⑸ The big problem for rural Finns is that hunting dogs are being killed by wolves. ⑹ A wolf cull plays an important role in promoting ecotourism in Finland.
⑺ Most Finnish rural hunters hate wolves.
［ ］ Regarding the underlined parts ⑴ through ⑺, which is the most appropriate, , , , or ?
⑴ “Controversial” in this context is closest in meaning to affecting a lot of people
causing a lot of disagreement influencing the environment making a lot of contributions
⑵ “Disrupted” in this context is closest in meaning to authorized
discouraged disturbed encouraged
⑶ “Chasm” in this context is closest in meaning to an important choice
a mutual exchange a necessary compromise a major difference
⑷ “Rational” in this context is closest in meaning to false
reasonable sensational unbearable
⑸ “Pursuit” in this context is closest in meaning to activity
advertisement permission prohibition
⑹ What does “If both our ankles hurt, then we’ve done something right” mean in this context?
If both angry hunters and wolf lovers are unsatisfied with what the Finnish government has done, the measure is working.
If the Finnish government policy is attacked by both the EU and Russia, the measure is working.
If the Finnish government decides which to support, wolf lovers or angry hunters, they’ve done something fair for both sides.
If the Finnish government criticizes both wolf lovers and wolf hunters, they’ve done something fair for both sides.
⑺ What does “introducing government burglaries to reduce stealing” mean in this context?
collecting money from lawbreakers to prevent people from doing something illegal creating strict laws to prevent people from doing something illegal
letting lawbreakers help decide government policy to prevent people from doing something illegal
letting the government do illegal things to prevent people from doing something illegal
［ ］ Summarize the two main different opinions about wolves, expressed in this article in 60 words or less in English. You must write the answer in your own words. You can use some words and phrases from the text, but do not copy complete sentences.
Ⅱ
次の英文は，Georgetown University の Abigail A. Marsh 博士の研究チームが行ってきた研究 に関連する新聞記事である。読んで，あとの設問に答えなさい。なお，＊印がついている語句には，下に注があります。 （配点率 ％）
! !
【出典】 Lenny Bernstein. “What makes someone donate a kidney to a stranger?” The Washington Post, April 28, 2017.（一部改変）
【注】 kidney: 腎臓 altruism: 利他主義 altruist: 利他主義者
tax break: 税制上の優遇措置，減税 stroke: 脳卒中
the United Network for Organ Sharing: 臓器シェアリング・ネットワーク pancreas: 膵（すい）臓
amygdala: 小脳 桃
allocation: 配分
assertive: 積極的な，自分に自信をもった pay a price: 犠牲を払う
設問 下線部⑴ Angela Cuozzo さんはなぜ腎臓を提供することを考え始めましたか。きっか
けとなった事柄を 字以内の日本語で書きなさい。
設問 下線部⑵ “a chain kidney donation” の仕組みを，本文の内容に則して，分かりやすく 字以内の日本語で説明しなさい。
設問 Rob Uphamさんは，下線部⑶の “a wooden house” の比喩を用いて何を言おうとして
いますか。 字以内の日本語で説明しなさい。
設問 下線部⑷ “previous research” によって分かったとされることを， 字以内の日本語で 書きなさい。
設問 下線部⑸ “the current study” の実験で，どのような結論が得られたかを 字以内の日 本語で説明しなさい。
設問 下線部⑹において，“extraordinary altruists” が腎臓を提供する時に直面する “costs” と
はどのようなものか，本文中に挙げられている具体例を用いて， 字以内の日本語で
Ⅲ
Answer the following question in English in − words. （配点率 ％） Many high schools in Japan require or encourage students to do club activities. Explain both the advantages and disadvantages of joining a club in high school by giving specific reasons and/or examples to explain your opinion.（以 上）
