・
ON THE C−BOCHNER CURVATURE TENSOR
BYMAsATsuNE MATSUMOTO AND GoR6 CHUMAN
introduetion. Recently in a Kahlerian spacC S. Tachibana[11]introduCed the Boclmer curvature tensor Kipprc which corresponds to the conforma1 cUrvature ten− sor m a Riemannian space, and proved THEOREM A. lf a co〃iρac’頁励lerian space with vα加乃加9 Bochner curvature ten一 ぷ0ア可COπぷta〃t scalar C〃rva’鵬』ぷρ・甑ve吻拗εRicc」プ0現.1伽it is a complex ρ吻θcガツθspace with伽πα’〃ral〃letric. Concemhlg the Bochner curvature tensor, one of the present authors[2]obtained THEOREM B. ・ln a co〃rpact Ktihlerian space with.γαη」訪‘π9 Bochner c〃7旬ατ〃re ten一 ぷ0ち吻covarian’凌吻励εげ舵ぷealar curvature jぷa CO〃’脚鋤砺α〃alytic vector・ The s㏄ond Betti numbers of compact Sasakian spaces were studied by many au− thors. R㏄ehtly S. Tanno[13]’showed THEOREM C.」lf a cαη餌c’&zぷakian space M(π≧5)satisfies oπθげ・the/bllo}ving coη謝’oηぷご ・)K、.・+KA・・〉−3(c≡;μ)(espec・・lly Z・(Kx・+K…)〉一・),・)ぬμ一・・』《1砂吻・・ぴ勧・〉、(㌃㍉・
〃ien theハ2 ∫ぷ ηo ha〃non匡c 2r/brm げthe pure り「pe. In this paper, after pre血血aries in§1, in§2 we shaU de丘ne the GBoc㎞er cur− vature tensor Babcd in a Sasakian噛space and consider sol皿e properties of the tensor Bab.d and obtai l an analogy of Theorem B.・h1§3 we shall discuss on the harmonic 2−forms in a compact Sasakian space with vanishing GBochner curvature tensor. §4is devoted to the main th㏄)rem which is an analogy of Theolem A・ The authors are very grate旬to Pro£T. Adati and Mr. S. Yamaguchi for their valuable suggestions. 1. Preliminaries. Let M be an normal◎ontact metric space)[7]. satisfying(L1){雛ξ三、㌶16’
n←2m十1≧5)d㎞ensional Sasakian space(or
Then there exists a unit Ki皿ing vector fieldξe φ。b==一φ5。,φ。カξ』0,φ∼η。=0, 7。φヵ戸ηb9の一η、9。b, [21]22
M.MATSUMOTO AND G. CH口MAN
where 7。 denotes the covariant derivative with resp㏄t to the Riemannian conn㏄一 tion. Asφa「R,b=一φ〆R.。 holds, if we put S。b=φ。’R。b, then the fbUowhlg equations hold good. (1.2) where we used R。‘ξ゜一 ・・…lf・・m・一噤x・∧dx
(1.3) 7。Rbc−7ヵR。. AC−harmonic 2−fbrm〃[3]is de血ed by1−fb㎝uis called GK皿ng[4]
EspeciaUy if a C−Ki皿hlg 1一負)rm u satis丘es〆司(η)u=const., K且1ing. A contravariant C−analytic 1−fbrm s・b−一…,・bS・・一?モ….R+(R−n十1)・。, Vdぷ。ゐ一η。Rr(n−1)9。dηb+φ。’7dR。カ, ’ φ♂J7・S・b−−OP。Sbc+(〃−1)φ。cOPb+¢。「φ。sク。R。カ, 一(n−1)ηa.Hereafter we w亘te Ta instead ofξσ. As the diifer− bis closed[6], it fbllows that =一φ6夕7アSab十(n−1)(iPacηb一φbcTa十2φabOPc)−2SabOPc. du=O andδu=e(?)∠u−(φabu。ヵ)η. A if it is coclosed and leaves invariant gab−OPa27b. it is.called sp㏄ial C− 〃[5]is defined by 7・Ub一φ。「φbsvシu。+uア(φ.。ηδ+φ.5η。). For a harrnonic p−form u, the刷o∼励g theorems are weU㎞own. THEOREM 1・1[8]・ Forα勿〃nonicクプb〃ηu,.ρ≦≦m, o〃acompact&zぷakian sρace we加γθ . OP”u・・2…・♪−0,φ”bu・b・、…ap−0. コ THEoREM L2[15]・・ln a compact R元θ〃απ〃‘〃2 space, thereαZぷ’∫〃o加朋oη元cρ一 ル〃nu吻c乃ぷatisfieぷFp(の≧O unle∬we have 7u−0励ψθπFe(〃)−0, where (1・・) 乃ω一R・bU−・一’・・ub・,…・,+丁(・一帆・,・u・……醜、.。、. Especially if a Sasakian space admits a harm.onicクーform u satisfying 7u=0, then we have u=O by vh加e of the Ricci identity and Theorem 1.1. Hence in a com− pact Sasakian space there is no ha頂onicρ一fbrm u which satis丘es Fp(u)≧0. A1)−homothetic defc)rmation[12],[13]g→*g is defined by *9。F㎎励+α(α一1)η。η6, f()rapositive constantα, where 1)denotes the distribution orthogonal to a contact formη. (1.5) From*8・ab we have *9”b一α一lgab一α一2(α一1)ησプ, *Rab・d=Rab・d十(α一1)(φa。iPbd一φb。φad十295abφ。d)十(α一1)2(27bδad−OPaδbd)η. 十(α一1){ησ(9b,opd−OPcδbば)一η6(9acopd一ηcδσり十η乙(tgbδ.d一ησδ㊨り}, *Rab=.Rab−2(α一1)g藺十(α一1){(n−1)α十n十1}ησηヵ, R一α一IR一α 1(a−1)(n−1). . then (*φ,*ξ,*η,*9) If(φ,ξ,.η,9)are the structure tensors. of a Sasakian space, aTe also the stmcture tensors of a Sasakian space, where we put (1・6) *φ一φ, *ξ一α一1ξ, *η一αη, *9一α9+α(α一1)η⑧η fbr a positive constantα[13]. In this case we say thatハ奴φ,ξ,η,8)is 1)−homo− thetic to」va(*φ,・*ξ,*η,*9). −ON THE C・BOCHNER CURVATUR[E TENSOR
23 Concerning D−homothetic deformation S. Ta皿o prove i THEoREM 1・3[13コ. 1アujぷaha〃ηo〃化P−for〃2 with」respee”o g on aω〃rpact ぷα磁翅wce, then it is alSO harmonic with respect to*9. By a 1)−homothetic deformation, we have for a harmonic p−form u (1・7)*乃ω一α一⑭[Fp(り一(α一1){2ua・“’α・〃・、…・r(P−1)φ∼φ,ば・・…’”・・…。3…。、}コ. An orthonoma1丘ame(ξ, el, eλ・一φελ), whereλ一1,…, m, is ca皿ed aφ一basis[9], [13エ For aφ一basis non−vanishing components of g、め,φ助are g、Fδ、b,φλλ*−φxλ*=1, φλ*x=φλ*λ=−1. Let 1【(三Y, Y)be the s㏄tional curvature f()r the 2−plane detennined by X and Y, and we put」(oa=K(ξ, ea),、K』a*=K(ξ,θλ*),・Kaμ=K(eλ,eμ)=Rλμμλ(λキμ), Kia = KA*A*=0, etc.;then we have Koa=Kox*=1, Kx*μ*=K2μ,」陥μ*=Kz*μand Rλλ=Rλ㍉・−1+Σμ(私μ+Kaμ・). Now ass㎜e that H and、L de血ed by 五一sup{K(X,φX);X∈1)。, x∈M}, L=桓f{K(X,φX);X∈1)=,x∈ルf} ・泊・t・nd丑+・〉・・…n’E・i・k…・h・・μ・・麺・y弓‡i・・an血va・・…
of the D−homothety class of M. And in this case it is called that M is pt−holomor− phically p桓ched[13]. Let*.Kα, r)be the s㏄tional curvature by 1)−homothetic defbrmation, Which is detem血led by orthonormal v㏄tors.M,γ∈1)=with respect to g. Then the fb皿owing relations are known: *Ka・一α一iKx・,*瓦。・一α一1{Kx。・+3(1一α)δa。}, 丘om which, Σμ(*私μ+*・私μう+3=α一1{Σμ(、Kaμ+Kaμ・)+3}. On the other hand Σμ(*私μ+*K元μ・)≧(〃−1)(2μ一1)−1 holds good[13]. Therefbre we obtam (1・8) α{1{Σμ(私μ+私μ・)+3}≧(π一1)(2μ一1)+2. 2. The C・Bochner cur▼ature tensor. In an n−dimensional Sasakian space M we sha皿de丘ne the C−Bochner curvature tensor Bab。d by Ba・’・−R・…+“i、(R・・δ・・−R・・δ・・+・轟・一翫R糾・。。φ・・一・・、φ。・+φ。,・、・ 一φb‘Sad十2ぷabφed十2φ姑ぷ}d−RacOPあηば十1∼bcOPaηd−TaηeRbd十〇PbOPcRad) 」篇1(φ・・φ・・一繊+・φ・φ・・)一㍍i(9・,・・d−・b,・。d) 〃 ’ +。+3(9・・η・ηば+η・η・δ・ば一9綱ば一η・η・δ・り・w…e・」浩1・nd・R…h・・ca・a…・…e, w垣・h・iS・・n・・ru・・ed fr・m・h・
Bochner curvature tensor in a Kahlerian space by the丘be血g of Boothby−Wang・ [1],[3].、
24 M。MATSUMOTO AND G. CHUMAN
If M(φ,ξ,η,8)is D−homothetic toハ4(*φ,*ξ,*η,*9), then making use of(1・5) and(1.6)we have *φ妨一αφ。あ, *R∼=α一1Rab−2α一1(α一1)δab十(〃十1)α一1(α一1)η却5, *ぷαあ=ぶab−2(a−1)diab, *Sab=・α一1Sab−2α一1(α一1)diab, *k=α一1〃. By virtue of(L5),(1.6)alld the above equations we can see *β。o。6=β。5,4, where*B。b,6 is C一正bchher curvature tensor with respect to(*φ,*ξ,*η,*9). Thuswe have
THEOREM 2.1. The(]−Bochner curりature・tenぷor Babcばwith respect to(φ,ξ,η,9) coine匡des W励the Oηθwith respect to(*φ,*ξ,*η,*9)・ . COROLLARY 2.2. ∠4、Sasakian space with va〃ishing C」Boch〃er curvature’θηぷor is 1)一乃0〃iothetic’0αSasakian space with vanishing C−Boehner curvature tenぷor・ By straight fbrwaπI computations the fbIlowhlg identities are obtained.(・・1){萱:1:ご完誰蕊㌫ξ㌶1で+㌫三。.
Now we shall introduce a tensorσあcばin M de丘ned by こlabcd=Rabcd−(ρ十1×9bcδαd−9a¢δbd) . 一ρ(9acηbηd十〇Paηcδbd−9bcOPaopd−Tb?.δσば十φbcφaば一φacφbd−2φabφcd),w…eρ+1−
g奎1・・hi・・㎝・・…an、an・1・gy 6・・h…n…U・…[11コin・
Kahlerian space which corresponds to the concircular curvature tensor・If M(φ,ξ, η,9)is D・homothetic to M(*φ,*ξ,*η,*8), then we can see*[」・b・d− U・b・d・ Thuswe have
THEOREM 2.3. The tb〃sor Uabcd・with」respectτo(φ,ξ,η,9)coincides with the o〃θ with respect to(*φ,*ξ,*η,*9).・f・h・Rjcc…n・…a・i・・e・・R。、−ag。b輌・, w…e・一“奎「1and・一奎1+〃・
then M is called C」Ei皿stei l. By d丘㏄t calculations we can obtahl THEoREM 2.4. The Gβoc加θr curvature彪〃ぷor eoincideぷ}vith Uab』ばザa〃d o〃砂ヴ ハf匡ぷaCLEinstein space. ASasakian space M is ca且ed locally C−Fubinian[14]if its U。bcd vanishes idel1− ticany. It is weU known that a loca11y C−Fubinian space is C−Einstein. As a coro1− lary of Theor㎝2.4, we have . CoRoLLARY 2.5. The C−Bochner curvat〃re tenぷorげalocally C−Fubinian space ツanisheS ide〃tically.ON THE C−BOCHNER CURVATURE TENSOR
25
In the next place if we calculate 7dBabed, then it follows that (2.2) where we use(1.1)and(1.2). dices乃, f to b, ing equation to(2.2), we五nd 7・3・・’ば+φ・γφσ57・βアsc4−(7。Rbc−7bRac)一φ。アφ。・(7.R,σ一7,R.,) +(n−1)(η。φb,一ηbφ。,)一η。s、。+OPbS。, +、( 1n十3)(・・…一鋤・∀・R・ On ther other hand by virtue of(1.1)and(2.1), the following equation holds good: φ〆φ∼クdBr、,ば=−7dβ。bcば. Thus we obta五1 , 7・R・E一ク・R・.一φ。アφ・S(7rRsc−7、Rre)一η。Sb。+η。∫。, +、( 1n十3)(・・…一副・閲(・」1X・・φ…・・φ。。)一・. Contracting the last equation with Ta, Opagbc respectively, we get after some calculations: η77.R−0,η”7。Rbc=0. Hence it fb皿ows that (23)一φ♂φ・S(7・R・c−7・R・・)一一(7・R后7・R。,)+η。S、。・一・OPbぷ。。一(〃−1)(η。φbc一η、φ。。).. Substituting(2.3)hlto(2.2), we have (〃十3)7dBabc∂=(n十1)(7aRbc−7bRac)一(n十1)OPaSbc十(n−1)ηbSac十2(n十1)ηcSab 一ト(n−1){(n十1)ηaφbc−(η一1)ηめφα.−2(n十1)ηcφα∂} †、(n−11n十i){(・…・…)・・R−(͡・・)・・R 十(φacφb「一φbcφa「十2φabφcつ7夕R}十2φ.sφ♂7sR,b. Changhlg the index a to c and subtracting the resulting equation from the last equar tion, we find (〃十3)7ばBαヵc∂=(n十2)(」7α」Rbc−7bRα。)一φ!φbS(7γR.¢−7sRγε) 十2φ∼φa’7sRrb十ηγ(OPa7rRt,−OPb7rRac) 一(n十2)ηaSbe十nOPbSac十2(n十1)η¢Sab +“÷1(・… 翻・▽.R .+,(n−11n十1){(…一…c)・・R−(・……c)・・R +(φ。cφb「一φ・。φ♂+2φ。bφ。つ7.・R} 十(n十1){(π十2)ηaφbc−nOPbφa.−2(π十1)ητφσヵ}, Transv㏄t欽1g(2.2)withφhdφ∼and changmg the m− arespectively in the equation thus obtained and adding the result−・ 一(・+・)・・β・・・」(〃−1)[(・・R…・・R・の+・。{・・、一(〃−1)φ・,} 十ηc{S。b−(n−1)φαめ}十2ηb{51α¢一(π一1)φα¢} +、( 1誌¥1){』…)・・一偽・…)・・
+φ・・φ・+φ・’φ・+・φ・・φ・つ・・R],26 M.MATSUMOTO AND G. CHUMAN
where we used(2.1). If we change the indices c, a, b to a, b, c respectively and I)ut Babc=Va1∼bc−7あRac−02a{Sbc−(n−1)φ5c}十17b{Sac−(n−1)diac[}十2ηご{Sab−(n−1)φab}+縞(9ac−…c)・・一(・…・b・c)…+醐一φ謝・φ瑚・・R・
then it fbllows that n−1 7dB。b、d一 β藺,. n十3 1n the rest of the present s㏄tion, we assume that M is a Sasakian space.with ’vanishing C−Bochner curvature tensor. Then making use of、B。b戸O and(1.3), we can s㏄ φ。「17,S。b−OPbSac−OP。Sあ。 +耐(・…・…)…一(…一・・o・c)…+φ・・φ・一φ・・φ・・+・φ・・φ・γ}・・R・ Transv㏄ting the last equation withφde and usingη「7.ぶ。ヵ=0, we find (…) 7・S・・−O・・R・d−・・…+耐鋤一¢・d・・r+・il・・δd・ +(9bd−17bηd)φ。㌔(9。4−OP。OPd)φb’}17。R. Applying the Ricci identity to(2.4)and contract血g the resulting equation with gda, we have , −Rc・S,b−R、db。Sd「−S。b+(n−1−1∼)φ,b +論「{(n−・)・…R−…eR−(一・)φ〃…R+φ・・・…R}・ ・Changing the index c to b and addi皿g the resultklg equation to the last equation,we get
−Rc・s,b−Rb’Sr,−R,鋤sばアーRbd、rSd’ 一、…毒31)(O・・7・R+・b7・R−il・’・・7・R−¢・’・・7・R)・ <)nthe other hand the following equations hold good: R。・ぷ.カ+Rb’Src=0, R。db,Sd「+Rbdc.ぷd’−O. Thus丘nally we obtain the fbllowing fbrm: (2.5) φb「クc7rR十φcア7ヵ7rR=ηcクbR十?7b7c1∼, (〃≧二5). 1f we put ub一φb’17.R, then(2.5)reduces to J7bu,十7ζ〃あ=2u「(φ,b17c十φアcTb), 『from which,δu=O and£(gbc一ηbηc)=O where£denotes the Lie derivative with # u エesp㏄t to ua. Hence ub=φb’7.R is special C−Kil㎞g. Thus we have THEOREM 2.6. Inα&zsakian sρaee(n≧5)with vanishing C−Bochner eUiツature ten− sor,φ。’7。R is special c−Killing. Transvecting(2.5)withφac, we find 7。VbR一φ.・qsbsl7。7、R+(7’R)(φ。a?7b+φ。5η。), mamely,7、R is C−analytic. Thus we haveON THE C・BOCHNER CURLVATUR]E TENSOR
27
T耳EOREM 2.7. In a&1ぷakian space(n≧5)w励vanishing CLBochner c〃7旬ature彪〃− oち7。・Rjぷσα刀吻ガc. 3.Harmonic 2・fbrms. Let u be a hamonic 2−f()㎝on a compact Sasakian space・ ハ4(π≧5).Then u is decompOsed as u=ul十u2, where u1 and u2 is a harmonic 2一負)rm. of the hybrid type and the pure type respectively[9]. With respect to a hamlonkン 2−fbml of the pure type, Theorem C is wdl known. Assume that u be a harmonic 2−fbml of the hybrid type o皿Mwith vanish量ng C−Bochner curvature tensor. Then we have B.b,duabucd ・= O. Taking account of The− orem 1.1 and φ。「φb’u。、−u。b,φ。,φbduabucd.=u。bU”b, s。。φヵばUtあucd−R。あu”’ubr, we obtah1 TR−u・・…一“辛、{一・R…aru・・+(・k+・一・)u・・U・b}・ Thus(1.4)reduces to F・(・)一。』、{(・−1)R・・…〃㌧+(・k+・一・)〃・・…}・ On the other hand, there is aφ一basis fbr which only Roo=〃−1, RAλ=Rλ*λ*may be non−vanishing components of the Ricci tensor. We denote by(u,のthe local hmer product: (・・り→,͡・・・…p・ Ifθis the smallest eigenvalue of the Ricci tensor, then R。bua’ubr一Σλ,μRax{(UAPt)2+(UAμう2+(uλ・μ)2+(UA・μ・)2}≧2θ(u,め, ’ ・R−n−1+2ΣaRaa≧n−1+2〃1θ=(n−1Xθ+1), 2(n−1)θ十〃2−9 2克十n−5≧ n十1 hold good. Thus we have 瓦ω≧2㌫P(・+…≡1)(・,・)・ 、 By vi1加e of(i.7)we can see ・昆ω≧21(Ilffn.i)α一・(・+・一…圭}・)(u・め・ LEMMA 3.1. Lθ’θ加the sma〃6st eigenvalue of the Ricci tensor.ザacompact Saぷakian space・M(n≧5) with vanishing (7−Bochner curγa’ure tenぷo’ ぷatisfies θ〉−2夕 then there is〃o harmonic 2−fo〃η of the hγbrid力,pe. PRooF. Ifθ〉−2 holds, then there is a positive numberεsuch thatθ=−2十ε.一 ・・w・・can…k・・ap・…iv・n迦』・α…h・・α<…三}・,・・d w・h・v・・F・(・)≧・・ Thus there is no harmonic 2−fotm of the hybrid type.・ : Q・ED・
,28
M.MATSUMOTO AND G. CHUMAN
LEMMA 3.2. ノt compactぷ’asakian sρaceハイ(n≧5)}v励 vanishing C−Bochner cur− vature励ぷoちwhichぷatisj7eぷ K・・+Ka・・〉−3(2一δλμn−2)(esp・・i・lly 2。(Ka・+K、・・)〉一・), has no harmonic 2∂form{ゾ〃2e hγbrid type. PRooF. At first we haveΣμ(KAμ十Kiμ*)〉−3. From the equation. Rλλ=1十 Σμ(Kaμ+Kλμう, we get R。。, Rλλ一Rλ・λ・〉−2. By virtue of Lemma 3.1, there is no llarmonic 2−fb皿of the hybrid type. Q.E.D. LEMMA 3.3. lf a co〃rρact&zぷakian space M(n≧5)with vanishing Gβoc輪r cur−…㈱・i・ ・・−h・1・m?・p…ally pin・・…励・〉,鵠)・the〃th・肥加・』・・
2}ゾ6〃ηof the hγbcidり,pe.・・…」f・・a…esμ〉、岸;)・・h・n・口11・w・th・・(・−1X・μ一1)+・〉・・
According to(L8), we obtainΣμ(、鴎μ+KAμ・)〉−3. By virtue of LEMMA 3.2, there is no harmonic 2−form of the hybrid type. Q.ED. On the other hand, let u be a harmonic 2−fbrm of the pure type on a compact Sasakian space M(n≧5)with vanishing C−Bochner curvature tensor. Then we have 、R〃=1+Σμ(、Kaμ+、私μ・)≧θ. Ifθ〉−2 holds, then it fbllows thatΣμ(1陥μ+.私μ・)〉−3. From Theorem C there is no harmonic 2−form of the pure type. Taking account of Theorem C, Lemma 3.1, Lernrna 3.2, Lernma 3.3 and the above 血ct, we find THEOREM 3.4. 」Let M(n≧5)加aco〃Tpact Saぷakia〃spaee withγα〃励加g C−Bochne芦 微螂re te〃皿・. Th・n th・se・・nd・B・tti〃〃励・r b、(M)・anishe・, if M・α励θ・・η・㎡ the/b〃o吻9 conditionぷ.・ i) θ〉−2,where θ de〃oteぷtheぷ〃la〃eぷ’eigenvalue {ゾthe R‘cc’τθ〃ぷor.;織蕊嵩)蕊㍑鱗㌘一3)・
4.Ma麺theorem. At丘rst we shaU introduce the f()Howing Theorem[3],[10]. THEOREM. 」rn a〃〃(=2m十1)直〃lenぷional&isakian spaee, wθhaye ・・一・・−1…一・・・…≧1・(k−1・…・團)・ ・一・・一・≧・…一・・+・・一・+…+・・一…(・∠・4m・・一[多])・ w乃θ’εc♪=dimσ(M),α(M)is the vec’or sρaceげC−』〃nonic」ρづfo〃ηぷ. Let M be a compact. Sasakian space with vanishing C−Bochner curvature tensor. If M satisfies one of the fb且owing conditions:ON THE C−BOCHNER. CURVATURE.
sENSOR
29 ● i) θ〉−2,whereθdenotes the smallest eigenvalue of the Ricci tensor. li)K・・+Ka・・〉−3(2一δ).μ氏│2)・(・・pec・all・Σ・(碑5・?〉一・)・ ma)Mi・μ一h・1・m°「頭cally pinched withμ>2(“−r)一・ then b2(M)=O by virtue of Theorem 3.4. Hence we have c2=b2十bo=1. The struc− ture tensorφ、あis a C−harmonic 2−fbrm. If the scalar curvature R is constant, then atensof Sab is a C−harmonic 2−fb㎝, b㏄ause S。b is dosed and (δぷ)a=−L7’Sra=(R−n十1)ηα=95bcSb,ηα=(θ(η)ノIS)a, where we used(1.2). Theref()re there exists a scalar functionσsuch that Sbc=oqsbc. Transvecting the last equation withφ、c, we丘nd R R。b=σ9。b+(n−1一σ)OP。OPb,σ一 一1ニconst. n−1 Thus M is a GEinstein space. Tak加g a㏄ount of Theorem 2.4,丘nally we obtain ● THEoREM 4.1. lf a co〃rpact Saぷakian spac■M(n≧5)with vanishing C・Boch〃er cur− vature tensor q〆COηぷ’α〃’ぷCα1αr curvatureぷα珂》θぷ0πεof the∫following conditions・: i) θ〉−2,whereθ denotes theぷ〃iallest eigenyalue of the Ricci tenぷor.霊㌫蕊蕊慧慧〉−3)・
then M is loc助・C一施6Z〃ian.REFERENCES
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