ラオスの中央地方関係における県知事および県党委員会の権限に関する一考察 ――ヴィエンチャン県工業局の事業形成過程を中心に―― [Authority of the Governor and the Provincial Party in the Central-Local Relations in Lao P.D.R.: A Case Study of the ProjectMaking Process in Vientiane Province Industry Office]
全文
(2)
(3) ῍῍ !"#!$%&%'()*+, ῍῍. - . / 0*. Authority of the Governor and the Provincial Party in the Central-Local Relations in Lao P. D. R.: A Case Study of the Project Making Process in Vientiane Province Industry Office S:ID Hiroyuki*. Following the promulgation of the ῍ῒῒ῍ constitution in Lao P. D. R., the organizational structure of local administration became more centralized. But since ῎ῌῌῌ, when some authority over planning and budgeting management was decentralized, governors have been granted new powers. This study of the planning processes at the central and provincial levels examined a case study of the project making process in Vientiane Province. The major findings were: First, the party adopted decentralization in order to promote local development and maintain security after the Asian financial crisis. Second, the central government retains the authority to approve and permit each provincial project, while the provincial party and governor have the authority to make their own projects and propose them to the central government. Third, a single member of the central party committee is appointed by the politburo to hold both the post of secretary of the provincial party and provincial governor in order to control the provincial issues. Fourth, governors have the authority to propose projects with political aims, such as those regarding security issues and minority issues. Fifth, while governors have the authority to make decisions in the provincial party committee, vice-governors are better informed on provincial issues and are actually the ones who manage the policy making process with regard to local issues as their main priority. As a result, the central level of the party supervises the local party committee and controls provincial political issues and minority problems through governors in order to advance local development, as well as maintain security across the whole country. Keywords: central-local relations, local administration, planning, policy making, Laos, Vientiane Province, governor, party ῍ῌ῏ῌ῎῎ 1 231 45671 36891 1 !"#!1 1 . ῌ. 62. :;<=> ?@ABCDEF Nagoya University ?visiting lecturerE e-mail: setohiroGhotmail.com.
(4) ¹῍0ºl»¼. I
(5) Iῌῌ .
(6) ! " # $
(7)
(8) % %& '()*)#*+,)" *)- . / '0)%123 '0)4'5+ ! "
(9) % 6%789 :; !"< #=$
(10) >?, 0% %%@
(11) >A,'B() 0&'( ), 9%CD&EFG,)H @
(12) 6* #%* )". +,- I./ Phak Pas£son Pativat L£o, / '+,-0J1)1KLM@/B23,'N4
(13) ! "
(14)
(15) OP 567 Q R 8%9ST:UEVG, W;<XYX6UK
(16) Z[\:K] %^)=>?_%`a&" 567b@c%de XfghAiKBCj ALA-LC Dk@lE'mn%
(17) FoGH'p( Ie e)" 9 J- L£o lum qK- L£o thoeng r- L£o sßng eCsLt%) duv-wM^&Ie, ! " # dMN 9 x%e yIe, ! " !Oz%e e CMNOz'>e % eCMN'P@
(18) {Evans : | }~ : ῌ" !Oz%, Q*)- . / '0)% 2e {Lao P. D. R., Khana-s•-nam samlßat Phonla-m§ßang thßa-path§t : " HR
(19) S
(20) <%^)T UV'W1 04'X1) lY
(21) e) {Lao P. D. R., Saph£-h£§ng-s£t a" d h8YXy% Z[8@[t* " 7 8 \]%8]^'0 % %"'y e <78S'_
(22) f8'78`[
(23) " A
(24) %'8ab%cd
(25)
(26) "
(27) ef\:# %78Y% 78a :'gh
(28) xi¡x 78%j¢G, e " £%h0, 78ak¤S% *)" @l "1)uv-w 9 78"1)#'h03 %mn#o'pq
(29) ¥%¦e %§¨'
(30) r©'$^ " 8#s #s%e I.!" tª% %^)B2t'«:
(31) Q 8% x'¬u
(32) { : , , ῌ , " I./ % G, 8®/%¯°'v
(33) 8 ®/;/ %/
(34) /
(35) " A %I./ w
(36) Q%x/ " Q
(37) Z/:Kx%e %/± yz*)" /{| W1KL{|%}e U @ ~² '
(38) :A'³
(39) I´µ'>e L3,' 1)#%¶ 1KL·1) 0`S¸'&#] *) {¹ : ῌ" 63.
(40) >?tutº» ῐῒ¼ ῍ . ῍ῒ ῐ
(41)
(42) N£§o-th£ng P•anp£§ng-mai
(43) ῍ῌ
(44) !"#. $%&$'(!)*+,-
(45) . /012 ῍῍ ῑ )3+ 456,-
(46) ) 789+:; ,< =>
(47) ῍῍ ?@!)AB)
(48) C"D EF! G#$H%!$'(IJKLMD EFH%! N,-
(49) # $O $'(.PQ &%R
(50) /'('S)T$'(U*+VW* X
(51) .,-Y.Z //0[1\]^+_%` a
(52) S)T),V //0(2bc8.34d!e5ῑ
(53) fgh ij /016,k7l m8n ῎ῌῌῑb: ῍ῌῐ, ῍ῌῑo
(54) ῍ῒ ῒ )
(55) fgh+ ῎ῌ῎ῌ X)9p:!9`;q<= rs mLao P. D. R., Phak pas£son pativat l£o ῍ῒ: ῎o
(56) ῍ΐ >?tut@!Av ASEAN wB
(57) "vx%p: ῎ῌῌῌ p:.
(58) SCDE^
(59) Uyz{F|E^
(60) G(H}IE^ ~J.K6,1PL.
(61) ῒ MQ#TY/0 [1\]MQNS)T'(12x)OWPQ)R, 7
(62) 12 ΐ 9
(63) //0)Si-)
(64) $ / 2+a,8T +`a
(65) MQ#T$'(U S)TVV1+Wl`a+Xai
(66) 1 2
(67) )2a+ *
(68) 36YZ9`
(69) ῍ῌ
(70) fgh)tut[\%. ῑ 9IKA\ /])
(71) "
(72) //0(2b: ]+V.34d
(73) IK'(2b:]+V"4d#)
(74) 7` :]++9a9'<K^+.jai m_ ῍ΐ: ῍ῌῌῌ῍῍o ῒ SCDE^
(75) Uyz{F|E^
(76) G(H}IE^&] WP2 ῌ῍ mLao P. D. R., N£-nyok-latthamont• ῎ῌῌῌo `2
(77) <6
(78) ῍
(79) a b¡i[D p:51$'(c'Wl
(80) .db2
(81) ῎
(82) 7*
(83) ef¢
(84) £¢$'(¤5¥h¢k7
(85) !$'(g[hi2.
(86) eH"$'(¦§j¨©
(87) "#k ª
(88) ῏
(89) H«¬[)
(90) yz®7$'(#¯+°w '-yz$'(F|lmv
(91) a b¡i[)
(92) ΐ WPQ.{~nQd0$%Si- ῎ῌῌῒ ῐ ? ±n/$'(yz²bPQ $%Si- ῎ῌῌ῏ ῍ῌ ? !³\]o´µ
(93) $% Tp1+S)T0 Xi mUNDP ῎ῌῌ῍: ῍ῌῒo
(94) ± n/$
(95) ]U
(96) qU
(97) rU$'(!s±¶,7!·¸ ]#T
(98) S ±nZ[R /YZ+tud¹R ±n/vwZ$%Si - ῎ῌῌῒ ῐ ? 64.
(99) )ῌ 6LM.
(100)
(101) ῎ῌῌῌ: ῎ῐΐ; ῎ῌῌ῍: ῎ῐ῍ῌ !
(102) "#$ %&'( ) ῎ῌῌῑa: ῍ῐ, ῍ῑ * + %&,-./0 +12345 6 7 8 9' $ :;3
(103) <,= !>
(104) ?;$ @;AB :;C3@ D" #E !2 %&,-$F$ + GH. 3GI$ %&%& 69'J
(105) ? !>'( E;(? K#E 6LMAN$ :;'(3O )*+3 PQ, -'!
(106) "J
(107) ?4R.%& 6/0; S3J
(108) ?4 %PLMQ,'( E%&$ :;
(109) T' !2 !> UVWX YAN$ :; ( Iῌῌ ῏῎῍ῌ. 12 . 3Z6LM L$ [4!
(110) "\] 5G^_ . G!
(111) " 3 6`78-%& ῍῍ 9 a: .
(112) <6;%74 3Q,#b<'@῍῍ E : ^_ . 3 6;. ῎ῌῌ῍ 9 0c=d>? ΐ e@ Af3 ghijklmWnop!
(113) " qop BCrs tuv Dw E Fx$
(114) ? GHy"zsI7 {J $ | KR.} Lao P. D. R., Phak pas£son pativat l£o ῎ῌῌ῍: ῎῍ * L~;' ῍ΐ 9 ./ @@4M;q @: G@N -$ 8 S O,}+3O ; b<}'( P ῎ῌῌ῍: ῎ ῍ῌ 3O n njmn3 ῍ 9QEH G( ῍ 9!
(115) " ῎ῌῌῌ 9 ; S3RSG Z ῎ῌῌ῏ 9 nnn n!
(116) "Vmm3 n TG;} !
(117) "j U
(118) ῎ῌῌῌ: ῎ῐΐ; ῎ῌῌ῍: ῎ῐ; kVW ῎ῌῌῐ: ῎ῑῒ ῍῍ 3!
(119) "6LM L$ X) 5G^_;'
(120) ¡
(121) 3 ¢( L$ Af
(122) ¡ ῍ῑ !
(123) "G 3 L$ Af P ῎ῌῌῌ O Z Y£ 5G^_3 86 Z¤' [}¥'( :;b< ) ῎ῌῌῑa: ῍ῑ \] ^_3 . G Q, ¦(' §mk¨©j ῍ῌ 9\ ¢ª$ 3 qop] 3O<4 «^ !('@@4¬_`'( :;b < Stuart-Fox ῍ῒ: ΐ, ΐ ¨nj ῍ῒ 9 ? ῐ e@3 7 ¬ a$ :;R.:;
(124) T' ¬_`b@ ; cG ® dE + 6 cG; ef LM454T:;b< Funck ῍῏: ῍῏῏ ¯mi ° ῍ῌ 9D± 6 ; %&%g {dG( ? ῍ t O 6²G ³h -$ GL %&i5 ? ῎ jc!
(125) "Lc6 % &; ? ῏ ³k -$ 6 b´}¥ ? ῐ [µP ¶l%6. %&;$ {dGT:;b< Bourdet ῎ῌῌῌ: ῎ῐ jmlmi;m¯n¨mn 6LM 8-6`7 %& ῍ῒ 9D± · %&m
(126) T' 6 ³k -$ ¸( t /0!
(127) "l¹i ºn7»m¼ -$ ῌ 65.
(128) KLºº-. ῐῒ» ῍ ¼.
(129) . . !
(130) "#
(131)
(132) #.
(133) $ %& '. ()* . +
(134) (, -.
(135) #
(136) /0
(137) #
(138) 1 23 4
(139) 23 5167
(140) 89:; <= > "?
(141) 56
(142) ? "@AB(' CDE ῎ῌῌῑb: ῍ῌῐ, ῍ῌῑF*
(143) G HIJ
(144) K . !#
(145) LM/. . !
(146) GHNOPQ"RS# #
(147) 0$. T* UVW RS4/
(148) XYZ[\]'W^Y]_Y
(149) UVW RS4`%/ ab
(150) UVW c
(151) "&R('d'
(152) #e, ()Nfg*hd'(' "'+iIjk: (',
(153) ' CPannhasith and Soulinthone ῎ῌῌῌ: ῎ῒῌF*
(154) ( -.lm0L) !
(155) "' -N. n/0 ;
(156) " o3P$%& pqrst u, *
(157) vwYW
(158) UVW RS4 010
(159) UVWx2GH1RS 3yK
(160) GHzx Q"{|}%~4;
(161) 5 R S GHN5 6. 'z~4 . CEvans ῍῍: ῍῎ῐF* 78
(162) UVW TK
(163) 9:N; &. {<<
(164) ~4 =' C78 ῎ῌῌ῎: ῎ῒ῏ῌ῎ῒῒF*῍῎
(165) zx ]
(166) k:n/zx !NYY] >; C?@ ῎ῌῌ῏: ῏῍ῑF
(167) <A('UVWx.
(168) BN#
(169) N o3P%& ;
(170) x.{|k:n/C 0(' T* <A(
(171) UVW vY¡¢Y#£¤ k:n/C
(172) #
(173) N # o3P
(174) BNn/0('K
(175) UVW. %& pqrst * UVW
(176) ῎ῌῌ῏ D¥E¦§
(177) ¨L ῌ. ©)('
(178) _ªW« F¬;
(179) ῍῍ D¥E `K
(180) cx
(181) 5K "®4pqrst¯'G°(' CKeuleers and Sibounheuang ῍: ῎ῌ῏ῌ῎ῌῒF*
(182) <-.
(183) ῍῍ D¥E¬ `% ±</ab Cibid.: ῎ῌῌ῎῎ῌF* ῍῎ ῍ΐῑ D²³´µH ~4
(184) ῍ΐ D²³x¶AIN·I¸x ~ 4¹J C78 ῎ῌῌ῎: ῎ῒ῏, ῎ῒῐF*. 66.
(185) »¼ῌnop [\ 2b. ῍῏ ῎ῌῌῒ ῐ
(186) ῍ῐ ῍῍ ! " # $%&'( )*
(187) +, ῎ῌῌῑ -./ 012 34+, 3 5! ῎ῌῌῐ 6789:;67<9:; ῎ῌῌῒ ='>=?@ABC DEF'@G #
(188) 67<9:; HI 679:; JKL='>=?@ HI ='@ 3 MNOC PQ124RM67<S HI M67S. JKLM='>=?S HI M='S 35!῍ῑ T UV JK L WXY $%&'<67Z*
(189) JKL&'()*
(190) 4 [\JK L]^A_`a_M 2b12
(191) /cd+, !. II
(192) IIῌῌ ῌ῍῍ῌ !"#. e fgGhJKLGhJi5Mj& k4 l5! m ῍ ῎ῌῌ῏ ῍ῌ Ji5nop JKLfgGh q)r5! nop M H[\st uJKLvYq)wx MMj& [\st[\st u uJKLvvyz! " 0 {| Mj&Mj&y/ [\s tty/ uuy/ }~v vvyz!῍ῒ Mj& H[ \st fg H u l ῍῏ ῎ῌῌ῏ J 2l5 wx!
(193) uNOCt yl5|W
(194) 5 H ΐῑ ῍ Lao P. D. R., Saph£-h£§ng-s£t ῎ῌῌ῏a! t u|
(195) d }~ ῍ }T t
(196) }~ y ! "# $5|5 H ῏ΐ ῏ Lao P. D. R., Saph£-h£§ng-s£t ῎ῌῌ῏b! " 0@ uNOC PQ12 4 %&K5
(197) Mj&l5| Mj& U |5 H ῍ῐ ῍῏ ibid.! ῍ῐ $':(JKL]^A_`a_MGh9:;Ji5/cd H῎ῌῌῒ ῐ ! ῍ῑ 67<9:; ῎ῌῌῐ 6789:;| 3
(198) d ¡¢;£)67 ZJ KL$%&'<67 Z ¤ ¥f<JKL¥fY ¦§¨l5UV* ! ῎ῌῌῐ ©x"
(199) 6789:;ª¥f8S¥'@« 367 <9:;+¬l5||R ¥f¦§2l5UV4¥'@ UV|! # ®|l5$%<&'67 Z*
(200) JKL¯,°UV4+¬±x JY² 1q+¬K5³´! 679:;Ji5/cd H῎ῌῌΐ ! ='>=? @ =' -JKLF' 0 .¨ ῎ῌῌῒ ΐ 1q+¬ ©x"
(201) ='>=?@ª='Sµ'@« ='µ'@G © ¤ -SJK LF'S¶·!S¨l5ABCDEF'@y! ABCDEF'@¸/ Ji5/cd H῎ῌῌΐ ! © ®|l5-!0 ¹º ABC DEF'@ sIyx5! ῍ῒ ῍῍ ῒ῎ Lao P. D. R., Saph£-pas£son sßng-sut ῍῍! 67.
(202) ©ª«¬«® ῐῒ¯ ῍ W. ῌ ῌ D4bBXY&op ῎ῌῌ῏ < ῌq 7D¡¢ [Department of Public Administration and Civil Service ῍ῒ\ £¤¥¦.§¥¨. ῍ΐ
(203) !"!῍ #$% &'( ) #&'(*+#&,-.#$%/0 1&' (*+1&,-.12/034.56789!῍ :; ῎ῌῌ῍ < &= ΐ >?@A BC&DEFGHF;I J#&,-.& K7'(/0L.56"M!῎ῌ ῎ῌῌ῏ < ῍ῌ NBC#$%&OPQ R;S ῍ #&,- #$% &K7'( &OTB!. ῍ΐ ῍῍ <U = ῑ῏ V ῐ WBXY= ῒῌ V= ῎ Z [Lao P. D. R., Saph£-pas£son sßng-sut ῍῍\ ῍ ]^_`a ῍῍ < 4bcde! fghiL [jk ῎ῌῌῑb: ΐ, ῌ\ ῍ ῍῍ < ῍῎ Nlm;= ΐ >nop 7Dq2 &'(,-rs]t./ 0Luv; wxy z{7|}~(.!L BXYop
(204) ;I ! [jk ῎ῌῌῑa: ῍ΐ\ ῎ῌ ῎ῌῌ῍ <= ΐ >&?@ #&,-X&K7'(/0 J#789! 8C"M; #&,-&K7'(/056;xy #&,-.& K7'(L & D DE H DEF Ge!7|L. BC&DEFGHFL X &z{XHF;I ! &op' (BC ῎ῌῌΐ < N 68.
(205) ¹ºῌ?DF»¼ ῌῌ.
(206) ῎ῌῌ῏ ῎ .
(207) . . ῍ !"#$%&'()&( *+,- ῎ ./&(01234&5 *6 ῏ 78&"/9&.$23:&( *+;,- ῐ 5&(%(#"/0<( 01=(73( ῒ >(23(0<&?7@5 AB C&.&(?&D9& ;AB 5&(E(%&F9@5 ;ABGHIῑ ῍ῌ )JC(73$K7@5 *ῌ ῍῏ :".0L&5M(.0L@5 ;ABῌN῎ ῍ῐ >(O&C()JC('73( EC('P&( ῍ῒ %&E&C>(!" .0L(Q4&5 ῍ΐ 73(%&R&%&!" S῎ ῍ K"/:&(E&C(!"/& TU ῍ !"'&(K?&0<( V῍WX ῎ῌ :"'(Y&(!"Z& [\]^ ῎῍ '&2&_&5&5J& *;6 ῎῎ .$:"R&(R"01`&( *N῎ ῎῏ !"/(F&(01E&5 R(.&9& ῎ῐ 5&(0L(%&`&73@a 73('.@a ῎ῑ D&(b&CR"/73( cdecf ῎ΐ :"Y@5g1@h/&?& .$:">&(ijk ῎ h&Z&g1@'0<&( ?DFlXm ῎ >C5&(0<(n&!" opq῏ῐrst ῏῍ F!(/`&?&5 %=(aC&( ῏῎ F90<(u&?&0<( vwxd ῏ῑ F@73$#"/%@5 yz ῏ΐ '()JC(7@50<(.& {|}~ ῏ >(R&(>@#Q0<( )".$ ῏ !"a&50&(!" C@#h& ῐῌ !">()JC('(23& &&( ῐ῍ &(2(0<(73(!" EC(Q"#& ῐ῎ :"P@5$&_9&O& .$23>&9& ῐ῏ 5&(P(&(C&R&( &9&!".$ ῐῐ 78&$&(0L&( C'( ῐῑ M&!&!(23& !""C( ῐῒ >C?&(%9'(23& &4&D ῐ FP(.9@g1?&5 *+,- ῑῌ %C(.'(5&( ῒ ῑ῍ R&(&au&?&n&$ ῑ῏ %&&P(Q0<( 01=(73(. ῌAB {| ῎ῌῌ῏ ῌΐ ¡¢ ¡£¤¥¦§¨y©ª« ¡ ¬®¯° ± ²³®ª« ´¯µ¶·¸·. 69.
(208) ¢£¤¥¤¦§ ῐῒ¨ ῍ ©. ῌ $%&';<$%.=>?@ ῎ῌῌ῏ ]b *dῌ$N4C ¡@ ῎ῌῌ῏ ].
(209) !"#
(210) $%&'()*+,- ./()'01. 2$3456# 789 ῎ῌῌῑa: ῍ῑ: $%&';<$%.=>?@4A6 B ῎ 2C CDEF ,-C G HIC .=>JKL .MNJKL .OPJKL QRST UV=WX Y Z[\]^;<_`Y4a# ῎῍b
(211) ;<cCdeF ()f *+,-CghF .K;<.=> $%.JKLCiEF jklmn# 7 op : ῍ῒ ῍ΐ: q r .ps6# $%Ctamn .=>;<u^ v4wxF yz45F. IIῌῌ
(212) . {C .()|&JKL}~ $%yzJ'4 jCF .() |&JKLC;#$%yzJ%CAmn ῍ ] ῎ C6 ῒ .()|&JKL ῒ L L~ ;<. ῎῍b
(213) cCDEF ,-6# cGH c.=>JKL c.MNJKL c.OPJKL cQRST cUV=WXY =WKc b cZ[\]^ c_`Ytamn#. 789 ῎ῌῌῑa: ῍ῒ: 70.
(214) º»ῌ£¤¥%0¼.
(215)
(216) !"#
(217)
(218)
(219) $ %&'()* +,-
(220) . &/0!"12!"3 4
(221) 5 6!7 !"128+,-
(222) !9:;<=>;?;@ 6 A:῎῎B CDEF!
(223) '()* G:; !"H /I J!"KL MN
(224) 56!7 MN:;<=>;?; @ 6 : &/0 O &/0H PQ. P R STU VWX 0
(225) !" #:;<=>;?;@ 56 A: Y&/0Z6: R[$ PQU\]!"K\]
(226) ' ()%& ^_'`ab c(d!"* )"e*[$!"efK* +,-
(227) gLao P. D. R., Khana-b¶lih£nng£n sßnk£ng phak ῍ΐΐῒ: ῒΐ ῍῎῍῏h Y+,26: i\]jK26: -1.26:k/
(228) l0m12 ῌ῍ n@ o3
(229) 45Up: qrq6st/uv7?w;7 ῎ῌῌῌ 8 ῏ x2 ῐ y9%z&M{X2 ῍ῌ |:XH ;: }~ Z{! "<=MN: /0 !"`>?,=
(230)
(231) $ @!"A.BCD
(232) '()EFGH,- IJ = :;<=>;?;@ 6
(233) gLao P. D. R., Khana-b¶lih£nng£n sßnk£ng phak ῎ῌῌῌa: ΐ h. ῎ῌῌῌ 8 ΐ xUp:2 ῐ y9%z&M{X2 ῍῎ |:XH PKARL : M"B 9N!"PQ&;
(234) AOP,-
(235) 9!"PQQR
(236) ST& FU5: VWX Y
(237) 56<=
(238) @ 6L: PR0
(239) P RZ!" 6 Y+,26: i\]jK26: - 1.26:k/
(240) 86
(241) 56!7 [PR ¡
(242) 56
(243) @ 6A:
(244) gLao P. D. R., Khana-b¶lih£nng£n sßnk£ng phak ῎ῌῌῌb: ῏ h ¢!9 £¤¥<
(245) ¦§¨MN8H ©V!"ª\V]« %'()* ¦Z¬V
(246) . ;:U\]¦Z¬V
(247) .^ !
(248) U\]!"3
(249) 56 %=7 :w: qrq6st/®H §¨MN8 ¦G¬V!"P ῎῎B 16H 9 kP+_ ¯X;°`aDEF b±> 9H 1 6: - ² ³´ cµ ¶ · ¸¹19M{X!"9/d:
(250) gº» ῎ῌῌ῏: ῍ῌῑh 71.
(251) BC¸¹¸º» ῐῒ¼ ῍ l.
(252)
(253) IIῌ῍ ῌ῎῎ῌ
(254) .
(255) !"
(256) #
(257) ῍῍ $ ῒ῏ %& '()* + !,-.
(258) /0 & $ ῍ 12 34!
(259) 5, 67)*89
(260) !:'
(261) !, $ ῎ ;<=>?
(262) -'(12-@ABC!DE,F
(263) !, $ ῏ ;<7 G&H7'(I8J
(264) K:'!L, L, G&MN !, $ ῐ O!P, OQ12RS!TU, VI
(265) !
(266) ,-.
(267) WLao P. D. R., Saph£-pas£son sßng-sut ῍῍X ,Y, &+ YZ [. \ ]^_` (_IZ.- & a,-..῎῏b !"cId & !(e8 ῍῏ f g#P1h
(268) i12jk*
(269) !(eId$ ῎῍ lm - n ]^12$o_Z.- "cp% q&12!rstu vw'xjk!f-.
(270) /" ]^_ Z.- "cyp%8z{
(271) #]^& |(,}~)*8,]^ .-_,h0<.8 }~)*8"c]^!)
(272) d,h0<.,-.
(273) WLao P. D. R., Phak pas£son pativat l£o, Komk£n-m§ßang sßn-k£ng phak ῍῏X. q & ῎ῌῌῌ g!*, !]^$o, !34+ ,-|
(274) q $ ῌ῍ lm !9 , ,-' r!'#! f-.
(275) , & '(-e!@AB1h
(276) P)*
(277) (h .12t/.0` <
(278) '1P23!
(279)
(280) ,-.
(281) G '(-ev=,- $ ῍ 1h
(282) 4125!a 3
(283) $ ῎ t.*]^12$o 62t1.- 7834f¡3
(284) $ ῏ & ῍ῌ ¢£¤¥9:u ;¦!<§,P
(285) !
(286) ,-.
(287) WLao P. D. R., N£-nyok-latthamont• ῎ῌῌῌX 9¨P Z.-& ῎ῌῌ῎ 9 , g9¨;¦P*
(288) q $ ῑΐ lm - ©ª«9¨!=¬- ῏ Z®>'h y9¨<§ !
(289) )*!f-.
(290) ,q 0 ¯=Z.-& (?°d ±!-q 8<§ ²]^rs&@b
(291) , "=Z.-& ]^rs&8<§ ²y. ῎῏b #& ῎ῌῌ῏ ³´ µ¶`A·,-.. WLao P. D. R., Saph£-h£§ng-s£t ῎ῌῌ῏aX 72.
(292) º»῍^_`SA9¼.
(293)
(294)
(295) Lao P. D. R., N£-nyok-latthamont• a. !"#$
(296) %&'()* +,
(297) -./ .01 234 56 7 +,
(298) -./89
(299) :;9<=6 6> +, ?@A1BCDE F"G HI
(300) < +,
(301) -0 ! :#(J KLM< NI M<
(302) (O6P Q
(303) . IIῌῌ
(304) . R STUVWXYZ4 7[<\
(305) ]
(306) ^_`Dab"c WXY de
(307) ]Of Dab "ccghiI WXYDab"cjk
(308) I :I#' lZm)
(309) 1 M#(J no7[<\
(310) I WXYZ4 p\EO ῌ #$
(311) gFWXYqrs t
(312) ^_`WX Ygh u vI
(313) Da !" #$wx6yz%& u 'ῌwx6y( {)& u *+c6y|{}|~& u vI 7 z% &#(J({)& FY F7[ vI
(314) BF!YB(' ,V. , ,V ,V-.
(315) WXY8 9
(316) +,
(317) / / Lao P. D. R., N£-nyok-latthamont• a TUV ,V-.j#(J8 6
(318) ] I[)
(319) / ibid. !"#$
(320) %&' +,
(321) / -(' . :#(J EO 0 #(JDa \/126y r 34
(322) ] 5 $[)
(323) (O6P 7 ] )[0¡m)6m)
(324) ¢B£¤' ¥6¦§
(325) ¨©6P I1¤
(326) ª«
(327) Dab"c WXY('qrm)
(328) Dab"c ¬#(J®¯`ghi#(J°789I£1
(329) :; < + Y#(JgFc±=>B
(330) (OI
(331) ² WXY WX Y F!?³Y#(JF?³Y(Pqr Dab"c>B
(332) (O I
(333) Lao P. D. R., Khana-kammak£n-ph£§nk£n h£§ng lat a Dab"cZ4 ´Dab"cZ#(J89
(334) +,
(335) / µ / I#' )()* / !" :@#(JAZ B#(J89I / :@#(JA Z:;9"A1 ¶C0 !"¡ / !": AB !"¡ / ·D@A#G0ES¸E !"¡ C¹HI0 F" GHI
(336) I¡
(337)
(338) Lao P. D. R., N£-nyok-latthamont• b 73.
(339) ,-¹º¹ » ¼ ῌῌ. b # ῌ lm T! ῌ ῌ T ῌ" ῌ ῍ # A ῌ¡¢ ῌ$£ ῌ¤T# ῌ%&T A'¥ ῎ ¦%5§¨. ῍ 6 xQ !" P#$0. | P 0. o#. . Q". . iQ". . . .
(340) . . .
(341) .
(342)
(343)
(344)
(345) .
(346)
(347).
(348)
(349) .
(350).
(351) .
(352) .
(353)
(354)
(355) . .
(356)
(357) .
(358) .
(359)
(360)
(361) .
(362) . . .
(363).
(364) . . . U῎#$_(?@A%") ©Lao P. D. R., Khana-kammak£n-ph£§nk£n lae k£nhßam-m§ß, Khom khumkh¶ng kh¶ngk£n long-theun kh¶ng lat ª *«¬ ῎1®X¯°X±T²1|%³>´µ+%o#B¶·j¸oB;. .
(365) !"#$%&'()* +%,%-'(./ 0 123%4567 8 *)% 8 9::;. < 87=> #$?@ABCD EFGHIJ KALM NO/ P 0 AL 7 GDP QR%S TSU V WXY !"ZU
(366) @[ \ ]
(367) % K ^ _L/ 0 < !"ZU%`a#$bcdBbc #$?@e f/. < 8 #$?@eB `a K5 gU/. < 5hL GDP iQ!" Vjk%FGHlmn K ^ %op hL 7 'q r8%stf\]u r8%vw#$
(368) 6 GDP xy%z{|}X~%!"* !"k*)/ *_L/. 0 0 #$?@A#$bcd P 8\] 80 0 AL7 #$?@A?@e P7 #$bcde0 BCD #$?@A*) #$bcd i Q!"d #}X|\]lm 4
(369) *)7 ad\]lm d ] 12 3%lm Tbcd*) deB ^/ #$?@A P 80 0 hL 7h%* #$?@A*)#$bcdeB 4
(370) *) adeB/. #$?@A P 80 74.
(371) º»ῌª¼; , . ῑ
(372)
(373) ! "#῏῍$ ῒ !%&'(
(374) ) *# +, ῒ - ῍ῑ ./% 0 ῒ 12 ΐ -3"0# ΐ 45%" ! &
(375) )4#῏῎$ ῒ 6 ΐ - 45% 7 ῎ 6 ῏ $ 89:;#῏῏$ . !% <=>5.?=<@ '(%A BC3= D./1 %E=FGHC3=D1I#῏ῐ$ J" 5 !>'("#K# 45LMN
(376) O4% PQ&
(377) )4# ῍ῌ ΐ 6 - 45R8 7 $ST:UV$# W". !&'(
(378) )AX,% 7!&YZ$ ?[I P''(S>( )\4#῏ῑ$ ῍῍ 7&
(379) )*4$ < * !
(380) )X ,A%+<I# ῍῎ ΐ 6 - %]^"S!_>,8 7 ῎ $#῏ῒ$ -. ῏῍$ `./ab4 c./B ab <%deV"W# f0ghi 7῎ῌῌῑ . ῏ -$# ῏῎$ 45 LMN
(381) O4
(382) ,j 1k lm%n2oV"W#
(383) 34pq
(384) 5 4 . rspq 5 4 ,j !4 1klm. 1klm4# LMN
(385) O4 4"Qt
(386) ? # f0ghi 7῎ῌῌῑ . ῏ -$# ῏῏$ %]^ uvP%wxy1 \'(()z{"W!|w xo}# f0ghi 7῎ῌῌῑ . ῏ -$# ῏ῐ$ EFGH 6 ῍ ~Q)f='( 6 ῎ 7'( 6 ῏ 89
(387) ' ( 6 ῐ '(./# 45f0ghi 7῎ῌῌῑ . ῏ -$# ῏ῑ$ 5%]^ 5c 5 uv%wx# f 0ghi 7῎ῌῌῑ . ῏ -$# ῏ῒ$ , : 7! ! ! ! ! ! !$ !.8# ; 7 ; <¡¢ £M! ! ¤! ¤! ¥¦! §=&¨$ ; <¡¢.8# > 7©M! ª¥! «¬! ©!$ ©M! .8# , %?@ 5 %",AE# f0ghi 7῎ῌῌῑ . ῏ -$# e= >!%wxPQ0®CD/# ¯>g %]^ !B' 7! B'$ C° 7C°$ uv%wx ±²ab B³W"*´" #K# ¯>g ! F'(µD ; %JV¶·¸¹# 45f0ghi 7῎ῌῌῑ . -$# 75.
(388) ;<·¸·¹º ῐῒ» ῍ ¼.
(389)
(390) . !" #$ #. %&'()*+&', &'(" -./0" ῏ΐ1 ῍῏2 345 &'67,8&'67) &'9:8(" ῍ῐ2 ;< => ?&'9:@1 AB8 C4D EFG& 'HAIJ34K L/" ? ῎ M1῏1 ῍ NCOP*Q4) 8RNCSIO " T J USIP* V" ῎ &'9:8 ῍ 1 JSIO ?WXYZP* U[1 !)῏1 ῎ 1 \-]^ )*_`a
(391) " ῐῌ1 ῍ῑ2 348bc$5 USI\-]d+SIP* SIP* S Ief" &',g:hiVjD ῐ῍1 ῍ῒ2 S\-] S8k NCSIO&'lm)$5 n &'9:3 (" ? ῎ o ῏ 1 &'9:38&'p67 &'(" ῍ΐ2 ;<#$ ;q4r4" stuv => =>- w3 4x " uvT q4 &'9:3 9:y&'9:3O,g :8z{) USIP*x " ῍2 !|}9:334&'(" ῍2 G3&'(" ῍ῌ ~ S [ )*!|}9:@")* $D !,#) ! ^B $ %)* #$ $!@") $!\ -]G&'" g%)* ~$a9 I\-]0" $D |8( &7" $8(&7" g)*Z" )$ )* ¡ $¢£¤+ *WXL,0" - )* ῏ΐ1
(392) |^.34L/" |^.34\*^/8z{) ^.N CSIOP*x " &'9:3&'67,\ 0¥¦k ?῎ῌῌῑ ῏ ;1 ῏1 S S &', A,\-]§¨8z{) ^ ^B &'HA*1\-]§¨8z{" &'9:3\ 0¥¦k ?῎ῌῌῑ ῏ ;1 ῏1 2 © NCSIO ª«e3SI8¬4®¯D+¡©++ °!" & '9:3\ 0¥¦k ?῎ῌῌῑ ῏ ;1 ῐῌ1 _`a 567¡*
(393) " &'9:3\ 0¥¦k ?῎ῌῌῑ ῏ ;1 ῐ῍1 34b85 _±²³Z)*´µ" #$ S#$ S8 O±².$D &'9:#$9:9¶: 8 &'9:3 \ 0¥¦k ?῎ῌῌῑ ῏ ;1 76.
(394) º»ῌnop
(395) 5¼.
(396)
(397) !"
(398) #$%&'(!)*+,-
(399) . / 012
(400) 3,
(401) 4 56789:
(402) 0
(403) ;<=>?
(404) . 0@ABC
(405) DE1B FG 1B
(406) 2H I 50
(407) BCJ9:KLM
(408) NO 5P1,Q
(409) BC
(410) RS+ P1
(411) TUBCJV
(412) WX ,- TUBC
(413) DE !"BCV
(414) YZ-,1B ?O[,-0\ ]
(415) 5^FBC9:_`6ab'[, -$-?. III
(416) IIIῌῌ !"#$%&'. Q cdefghf1B 1 jk
(417) =l. iTUBCKLMO 1B. !"1. !"Nm cdefghf1nop!q" .. #
(418) cdefghf5$rs%t10\ 1Pu ( y$ )1
(419) z{!. m. -,. i&'vwxL+. |}&'6vw
(420) *}+,-~$6. ? cdefghf1"[,-!3Z-,y$ ( m ~[O
(421) !3
(422) ) 1B $,!3 1- !"1.jkFG
(423)
(424) !3
(425) y0\ ]
(426) /
(427) !3 ? 19:03
(428) 19:J3m. !"1C3 5. 1
(429) $,q"iO[ 5
(430)
(431) 1$,,-m. m cdefghf1 O 0 cdefghf1 5$rs 0\H6 3
(432) Y-5$rsO2 115$rsO2 cdefu116"[,- cdefghf1 -, n u f¡fu ¢o£¤u cdefu ¥f¦u ¦fu §¨ u ©u cªfcdefu «u ¬f§fu ¡u
(433)
(434) uOx L'[,- 310
(435) 46\ vw v ® vm 0\ ¯Lao P. D. R., Committee for Planning and Cooperation, National Statistical Center : , , , ° cdefghf15 ±6k m
(436) ²7 i31
(437) =j} v ® vm 31
(438) j} v ® vm .} .0\H ¯Lao P. D. R., Khw£§ng V•angchan ° 1
(439) 6k 5 ±6k ³ ´ 8m 5 ±6k ³ ´ 8m 5 ±6k ³m
(440) ±2µ[,- cdefghf1- i9 ¶· ³m m ¥f¦u ¦fu cªfcdefu «u ©u §¨u ¡u ¬f§fu cdefghf10z{!$,q"iO[,- m (
(441)
(442) ¸ 1-$,1:,B;¹6X"'[,- cdefghf1 ῌ 77.
(443) @A¦»¦ ¼ 5 ῌῌ . . ῌ
(444) A$ /x
(445) . 9. R¡¢ QR£R ¤R¥Rf ¥R¦ § R¨R ©R ª«R £ ¬RªR . ;. :R. . . . . . . .
(446) .
(447)
(448) .
(449)
(450)
(451)
(452)
(453)
(454)
(455)
(456)
(457). . .
(458).
(459)
(460)
(461)
(462)
(463)
(464)
(465)
(466).
(467)
(468)
(469) . . .
(470)
(471)
(472)
(473)
(474)
(475)
(476)
(477)
(478)
(479)
(480)
(481) . .
(482) . .
(483) . .
(484) . E῍n7 ; ®Lao P. D. R., N§o-l£o-s£ng-s£t Khw£§ng V•angchan ¯ 1 .M % :RP|<$=>'°\ ±²?/ R fR³´ bRµ¶ Tai · //¸¹$ ®Evans : ; :º : , ¯% ῌ῍ . cdebRf. W!#$`ab Y. ;<g"Y hY i2Y j20jkY #$Y %lm& '(noY. . )p8q ebRf r*)pY stY +uY ,-q .vY. . webRf. wY x/y0E x/z{1. . |9ebRf. X }~ 2 7z ,-} 34 n7
(485) 5 64. . 7. w8 9:w8. E῍
(486) ^ XA$!1[\1 .M %.
(487) !
(488) "!#$% & & !
(489) " '( ) !#$% *+,$- ./ 0'1
(490) 234 5 2 6$*+!#$% 789:;< 7=> ? @ ? A$BC#!D6$*+6$% ῌ. 78. 7=>&E 789:&E FG8HI&E &2JK&E L;<M &E NO&E PQRS&E TUV&E C &E/W! #$% XYZ - !1[\ ]
(491) ^_%.
(492) ¹ºῌZ[\XY» ¼ ῌῌ z. KLMNOPN%x1? ῎ῌῌ῏ ῍ῌ y*. . . (. ῍. UVWV{N|K}N. %=>ῌAB. ῎. fghNUN|K}N. %e ῍ =>. ῏. fggN~NLV. %e ῎ =>ῌe ῍ AB. ῐ. VNfg. %E ?ῌ&!]^_ e ῍ῌ !^_. ῑ. fgOlVNK}N~VUV. %E ?ῌe ῎ AB. ῒ. UVKVV[VZVK}N. %E ?ῌ "_. ΐ. UVVVZVNN. k_. . KNNVV. %?_. . VNKNKLZVN. %!?_. ῍ῌ \VNVNfg. %?_. ῍῍ V[VNV. ^_. ῍῎ VVN VN\¡NV. KLNfg¢%=> ¢_. ῍῏ f[V[gOPNK}N. Z£g¢%=> ¢_. ῍ῐ fgVOPNgNN. fVUV¢%=> ¢_. ῍ῑ OPN¤VNZ|K}N. i_. ῍ῒ VNfgN¥VZV. ¦§ ^_ e ῍ῌ !^. ῍ΐ ¤N\O¨VgKLVN. VN¢%=> ¢_. ῍ KL|UV\K}N. V[©ªg¢%=> ¢_. ῍ ªVNUVVV«KV. ¬VNVN¢%=> ¢_. ῎ῌ fgVVN. _. ®¯ῌ ῎ῌῌ῏ ῍ῌ y ῎ῌῌῑ y°
(493) ±²³´µG: ¶ῌ·]<¸ %E ?.
(494) ! " !#$ %&'() *
(495) +,-./012340 56/7-,. 8Lao P. D. R., Phak pas£son pativat l£o, Khana b¶lih£n-ng£n phak khw£§ng V•angchan. ῍ῒ9: +;< %=>%?34
(496) +,-@ AB345
(497)
(498) C
(499) 6/7-,
(500) D,: %E ?FG0H IJ
(501) KLMNOPN%E ?Q(0R7I ῒ 0S 5 %=>TABUVWV XYZ[\&!]^_`a7Ib c : d %e ῍ =>fghNi_ e ῍ ABfggNj k_ e ῎ ABfgOlVNi_`a7Ibc : +;< KLMNOPN c AB %=>* XY`7 %=>ABc( 0 m7Ibnopq-, r5nst : AB %=>ABu(vw0H IJ KLMNOPN
(502) 79.
(503) 34·¸·¹º ῐῒ» ῍ ¼ ῌῌ . B2C.DE.XY> F῎ῌῌ῏ ῍ῌ z7 . ). +. |33.B. ,-.|.B. ,--./.0123 3.,,-D3.B./3|3 |3B¡3¢3:£393B.. ῍ ῎ ῏ ῐ ῑ ῒ. . ! F7 ῍ ! ῎ ! F ῍ 7 XY> XY> F ῎ 7 XY>. . . 9:;¤¥¦= §, ST /3.3.} §, ¨> F+-7. ῌ ῎ῌῌΐ zB2C.DE.wxY>< lyO©ªl.«¬H( ῌ῍ ῍ ῎ ῏ ῐ. B2C.DE. F῎ῌῌ῏ ῍ῌ z7. " ! ῍ ! ῎ !" ῍ ῎ . F Y>7 ®¯/ ! wx> p° ±0 ¤¥¦ ²³wx ! 1´ #$% 4{< ! 1´ 5µ F§,7 2¶\$ !. ῌ ῎ῌῌῑ zB2C.DE.wxY>< lyO©ªl.«¬H(. ΐ
(504)
(505) ῎ !" ῍ #$%&' '( ῎ῌῌ῏ )*+ ,--./.0123
(506) #$4
(507) 56' (ῐῑ7 8 9:;*+ <=>?@?@A
(508) ' ῐῒ7 B2C.DE. F ῍ῌ A7 <=>GH IJ ῎ῌῌ῏ )'B2C.DE. *
(509) KL<=>*M,--.N8IO ῐΐ7 =>
(510) < 'PQRPSTUVW ' ( XY>< !VW&'
(511) XY><+ ῍ῌ Z ῍ῑ [ ῍ \] ^_`O=`5a !+<==bcd <= =`VW( 8 !+ efgh
(512) iXY>gh jk
(513) l=`5mn opqbVW '(ῐ7 r b Y><=` 'st uV '
(514) 'v( ῐῑ7 B2C.DE.wxY>< lyO F῎ῌῌῑ z7( ,--./.0123 F ῎ !" ῍ ῌ#${< !7 + ῍῏ 8*,3|3}~b ῍῏ d ῍ 8*B-* ῑ [ #$ "&'( ῍ ῍ d ῍ῌ 8*3}# \$P ( ῍῍ 5Y>
(515) kO ST# ῍῏ XY>"%&I ( ῎ῌῌ῎ d+<=> " '( ,--./.0123
(516) lyO F῎ῌῌῑ z7( ῐῒ7 <=>?@' ῍ῐ Lao P. D. R., Saph£-h£§ng-s£t ῎ῌῌ῍( ῐΐ7 ῍ῌ A FB2C.DE.7 <=>(+ ῒ )dGHI ῐ )KL ῎ )*KL*M (
(517) KL=>+ 5Y>d?I'( ῍ῌ A<?@Ad lyO F῎ῌῌῑ ῏ z7( ῐ7 B2C.DE.wxY>< lyO F῎ῌῌῑ z7( 80.
(518) ¹º῎zY´»)¼ ῍ . 7/ r * . . . . -`. 7 7/ o 7/ r *qr/. . `-`. 7/&'MNqr/qr *&'MNqr/. . ``-`z. z @ *6qr/. . -¡¢|`. £ * !qr/. . ¤-`¥¦`. §¨" m© *7#-©ªqr/.
(519). `-«¬`z`. ®$ *,-./qr/. . no῎ ¯° ±²uvCwx3 y῎³% Y´µ¶3 * %7/(o·¸3. ῎. ῍
(520) . \] ^_`a *b
(521) c. .
(522) . d!. +. dM ῌ &' ῌ
(523) -
(524) ῌG
(525) -eGf ῌg ῌh
(526). 7 E. . . . . . . .
(527) .
(528)
(529)
(530)
(531) .
(532)
(533)
(534)
(535)
(536) .
(537)
(538) .
(539) . . . ῍ ,-./ ῌ01 ῌi ῌj-, ῌ-./k. .
(540) .
(541)
(542). .
(543)
(544). .
(545)
(546) . ῎ l=m. . .
(547). . . . +. 67 E. +.
(548). no῎MNpqr/ sLao P. D. R., Khana-kammak£n-ph£§nk£n lae k£nhßam-m§ß, Khom khumkh¶ng kh¶ngk£n long-theun kh¶ng lat t uvCwx3 y῎z{|}-z`J~@M"D$@"23. IIIῌ ῌ.
(549) .
(550) ῍
(551)
(552) !"#$% &'(%
(553) ) *+ ,-./(%0 1) * + (23 4 5%67489:;<=><$?@AB C$5">43 D 7 EF<=><$<% G
(554) ) *+ " HABC$3 IJ
(555) KL(% G
(556) )
(557) .
(558) MN% I J8OP
(559) QR ST<UVAWXY
(560) "Z[<$3 81.
(561) ·!D¸D¹º ῐῒ» ῍ ¼.
(562) ! "#$ %&'( )* +!,% -./01203 ῎ῌῌ῎ῌῌ῏ 4 56*&78!9, ῎ῌῌῐ :;<3 =>?@AB&( ῍ . C>D0&( ῍ * !8E(#FG &HIJ(K3* ! L%MN8O$ῑῌP Q( 56 RS (. !"#T%(#$ UVW( XY 56 3Q% W<Z$ῑ῍P ῍ [ \(K!# ](^_!5#$ ῎ [ ` 56(a#^_%bc d!e #$ ῏ [ ῒ f( gh i `' j
(563) kl !mn# o ῍ P$ῑ῎P k<3 `p4mqr%Q4ms!tu# ovw ῒ xfyz{ | }w ῒ xf 4~ e P$ῑ῏P E k( ῍ P qr o7(K#K ONP ῎ P s omsP ῏ P o-./01203mP !j. #$ῑῐP ῐ [ \ ` \& o&P m%56 ! `(K#$ ῑ [ ` o{|P \ `tE!{| `k<u! #$ ` `! 4(O)XYO OT%!#$ῑῑP ῒ [ `{| ¡ (¢ £# $ῑῒP. ῑῌP -./0120`( )UVW o῎ῌῌῐ ῏ fP (¤¥$ ῑ῍P -./0120`( )UVW o῎ῌῌῑ ῏ f ΐ fP (¤¥$ ῑ῎P k(3 ῎ῑ `¦§#L \ `¨©¦§#$ E Tk3 ª«¬k% ª«%®<mn#T%¯Z$ -./0120 `( )UVW o῎ῌῌῑ ῏ fP$ ῑ῏P Tk3 m%56!#$ E k<3 °` ¯(¢tu!«]$ -./0120`( )UVW o῎ῌῌῑ ῏ fP$ ῑῐP -./0120`( )UVW o῎ῌῌῑ ῏ fP$ ῑῑP < `%3 ` ^±² ³` ´` µ¶`ON<Z$ -./0120`( )UVW o῎ῌῌῑ ΐ fP$ ῑῒP -./0120`( )UVW o῎ῌῌῑ ΐ fP$ 82.
(564) ·¸ῌ¹º»uvr }¼. ΐ ῒ
(565) ῑΐ !"#$%& '( )* +,-.( /012+,. 345678 9: ;<=%&ῑ > 3/0?@AB CD EFGHIJ+,K2
(566) LMNO9:. P QR=% 3 ῍ S&ῑ )* +,T4NOUVW
(567) LM/01 2 X ῏ Y ῐ S)+,Z[#$%& '( -. (\] ^#$%& _(` +,+,a@b cd ef+,.Z[=%& g hijk& ῍ῌ +, /0l Qm+,nopIJ+, 3UV +, -q= %&ῒῌ ῍῍ +, r QR=%& ῍῎ +, st+,a@ +, 3uv QR=%& .
(568) opIJ4wx X#y%&ῒ῍ ῍῏ uv )4wx X#y(` +,* > 3/0?@AB uvz{X#y(4wx | FGH4NOZ[ }=% ~ +,Z[
(569) =%& wx456 * ῒ );<(5678 efk& ῍ῐ ΐ > 3/0?@AB CD=% EFGHopIJ+, }= %9:Z[ P QR=% 3 S&ῒ῎
(570) 4 wxX 4wx 8kLk IJ+,Z[#$%&ῒ῏ ῍ῑ _` +,+,a@b cd efH+,Z[=%& . ῑΐ * z +,T 3 X
(571) LM=%& ¡ +,
(572) ¢%£¤¥¦ 3῎ῌῌῑ G ῏ & ῑ ¡+,
(573) ¢%£¤¥¦ 3῎ῌῌῑ G & ῑ * T
(574) LM+,AB§¨=%& ¡+,
(575) ¢%£¤¥¦ 3῎ῌῌῑ G & ῒῌ n¤* '©4wx ªz{« (N¬ª® z{-q#y( .=¯+, °=%& ¡+,
(576) ¢%£¤¥¦ 3῎ῌῌῐ G ῏ & ῒ῍ ¡+,
(577) ¢%£¤¥¦ 3῎ῌῌῑ G ῏ & ῒ῎ * T
(578) LM+,§¨=%& ¡+,
(579) ¢%£¤¥¦ 3῎ῌῌῑ G & ῒ῏ n¤Z[*±V²)ª«¢y³«{® ´) Tµ¶ L¦Z[ k& ¡+,
(580) ¢%£¤¥¦ 3῎ῌῌῑ G & 83.
(581) ¸"¹º¹ ῐῒ» ῍ ¼.
(582) ῒῐ ῍ῒ
(583) ! ῍ΐ "#$%&'(!ῒῑ $ ῍ )#*+,-.$/(
(584) 0 ῎ 1)23456$/(! 789:;)
(585)
(586) <=*+, ><= ?@/(!ῒῒ AB
(587) CDEFGHIJ KLM
(588) *+,NO)
(589) %
(590) PQ RH
(591) STHUVBW @
(592) X< !YV Z RH ![W \!78]^! _
(593) P`"GRH)
(594) a@ @)`b
(595) NO@c$ dRH\!78]^! IIIῌ ῌ.
(596). CDYEFefIJLMML`+
(597) ghCDYEFGH )
(598) X<Y ij
(599) 0( <kl
(600) *+,N c$
(601) $@ d L
(602) IJS@ML`+ mnoI J ΐ
(603) X<LMij/(!YpL
(604) qr
(605) X<st uf vwYxy !ῒΐ 3*z!9{|+(}
(606) uf vw !YufIJ)
(607) ~*+, LMstYij/(! IJ)
(608) ~=*+,<LM Yij 3
(609) 3kl 0
関連したドキュメント
In Section 13, we discuss flagged Schur polynomials, vexillary and dominant permutations, and give a simple formula for the polynomials D w , for 312-avoiding permutations.. In
Analogs of this theorem were proved by Roitberg for nonregular elliptic boundary- value problems and for general elliptic systems of differential equations, the mod- ified scale of
It turns out that the symbol which is defined in a probabilistic way coincides with the analytic (in the sense of pseudo-differential operators) symbol for the class of Feller
Then it follows immediately from a suitable version of “Hensel’s Lemma” [cf., e.g., the argument of [4], Lemma 2.1] that S may be obtained, as the notation suggests, as the m A
Definition An embeddable tiled surface is a tiled surface which is actually achieved as the graph of singular leaves of some embedded orientable surface with closed braid
In this paper we focus on the relation existing between a (singular) projective hypersurface and the 0-th local cohomology of its jacobian ring.. Most of the results we will present
Correspondingly, the limiting sequence of metric spaces has a surpris- ingly simple description as a collection of random real trees (given below) in which certain pairs of
Using the batch Markovian arrival process, the formulas for the average number of losses in a finite time interval and the stationary loss ratio are shown.. In addition,