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On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi Extension Theorem

Kenz¯o A

DACHI

長崎大学教育学部紀要 自然科学 第 78 号 別刷 平成 22 年3月

Bulletin of Faculty of Education, Nagasaki University Natural Science No. 78 ( March 2010 )

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安 達 謙 三 教 授 退 職 記 念

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安 達 謙 三

略 歴

昭和 42 年3月 九州大学理学部数学科卒業

昭和 44 年3月 九州大学大学院理学研究科修士課程修了

昭和 46 年3月 九州大学大学院理学研究科博士課程中途退学

昭和 46 年4月 茨城大学理学部助手

昭和 51 年4月 長崎大学教育学部講師

昭和 53 年4月 長崎大学教育学部助教授

昭和 54 年5月 理学博士(九州大学)

平成 元 年4月 長崎大学教育学部教授

学会における活動

昭和 45 年10月 日本数学会会員(現在に至る)

平成 5 年4月 九州数学教育学会会員(現在に至る)

平成 16 年4月 日本数学会評議員(平成 17 年3月まで)

平成 21 年3月 日本数学会代議員(平成 22 年2月まで)

研究業績

著書

1.微積分学,昭晃堂(共著),1987 年 2.複素解析学,昭晃堂(共著),1988 年 3.応用解析学,昭晃堂(共著),1992 年

4.複素解析学,東京電気大学出版局(共著),1999 年 5.解析学概論,開成出版,2001 年

6.解析学概論改訂版,開成出版,2003 年 7.多変数複素関数論,開成出版,2003 年

8.数学概論 ― 数学史と微分積分 ―,開成出版,2005 年 9.Principles of Real and Complex Analysis, 開成出版,2006 年

10.Several Complex Variables and Integral Formulas, World Scientific, 2007 年 11.Principles of Real and Complex Analysis, Second edition, 開成出版,2007 年 12.An Introduction to Analysis, 開成出版,2008 年

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主要論文

1.Extension of holomorphic mappings, Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyushu Univ. Ser. A, 24 (2) (1970), 238-241. (共著者 : M. Suzuki, M. Yoshida).

2.Cousin-II domains and domains of holomorphy, Mem. Fac. Sci. Kyushu Univ. Ser. A, 24(2)(1970), 242-248. (共著者 : M. Suzuki, M. Yoshida).

3.Continuation of holomorphic mappings, with values in a complex Lie group, Pacific J.

Math. 47(1)(1973), 1-4. (共著者 : M. Suzuki, M. Yoshida).

4.Extending bounded holomorphic functions from certain subvarieties of a strongly pseudoconvex domains, Bull. Fac. Sci., Ibaraki Univ., Math. (7)(1976), 1-7.

5.On the multiplicative Cousin problems for Np(D) , Pacific J. Math. 80 (2) (1979) , 297-303.

6.Continuation ofA∞functions from submanifolds to strictly pseudoconvex domains, J.

Math. Soc. Japan 32(2)(1980), 331-341.

7.Extending bounded holomorphic functions from certain subvarieties of a weakly pseudoconvex domain, Pacific J. Math. 110(1)(1984), 9-19.

8.Le problème de Lévi pour les fibrés grassmanniens et les variétés drapeaux, Pacific J. Math. 116(1)(1985), 1-6.

9.Continuation of bounded holomorphic functions from certain subvarieties to weakly pseudoconvex domains, Pacific J. Math. 130(1)(1987), 1-8.

10.ExtendingHpfunctions from subvarieties to real ellipsoids, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.

317(1)(1990), 351-359.

11.On the extension of Lipschitz functions from boundaries of subvarieties to strongly pseudoconvex domains, Pacific J. Math. 158 (2) (1993) , 201-222. (共 著 者 : H.

Kajimoto)

12.Continuation of holomorphic functions from subvarieties to pseudoconvex domains, Kobe J. Math. 11(1)(1994), 33-47.

13.Lipschitz and BMO extensions of holomorphic functions from subvarieties to a convex domain, Complex Variables, 36 (1997), 465-473. (共著者 : H. R. Cho) 14.Hp andLp extensions of holomorphic functions from subvarieties to certain convex

domains, Math. J. Toyama Univ. (1997), 1-13. (共著者 : H. R. Cho)

15.Lp(1CpC∞) estimates for ̅∂ on a certain pseudoconvex domain inCn, Nagoya Math. J. (1997), 127-136. (共著者 : H. R. Cho)

16.Hp and Lp extensions of holomorphic functions from subvarieties of analytic polyhedra, Pacific J. Math. 189(2)(1999), 201-210. (共著者 : M. Andersson, H. R.

Cho)

17.Lp extensions of holomorphic functions from submanifolds to strictly pseudoconvex domains with non-smooth boundary, Nagoya Math. J. 172 (2003), 103-110.

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On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi Extension Theorem

Kenz¯o A

DACHI

Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Education, Nagasaki University Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan

(Received October 30, 2009) Abstract

In this paper we give an elementary proof of the Ohsawa-Takegoshi extension theorem [OHT] by applying the method of Jarnicki-Pflug [JP].

1 Preliminaries

Let Ω ⊂⊂Cnbe a pseudoconvex domain and letH= {z∈Cn|zn= 0 }. Then Ohsawa and Takegoshi [OHT] proved that every L2 holomorphic function in H ∩ Ω can be extended to anL2holomorphic function in Ω. LetHj,j = 0, 1, 2, be Hilbert spaces. Let Djbe dense subsets ofHj,j= 0, 1, respectively.

Let

T :D0→H1, S:D1→H2

be closed linear operators such that ST = 0. Let L : H1 → H1 be a linear bijection satisfying

(Lx,x)1B0 (x∈H1). (1)

In this setting we have the following theorem.

Theorem 1Suppose

*(Lv,v)1*C**T*v**20+**Sv**22,

for every v∈DT*∩DS.Then forg∈ KerS,there exists u∈DTsuch that Tu=g, **u**20C*(L-1g,g)1*.

Proof. It follows from (1) that

(L(x+y),x+y)1= (x+y,L(x+y))1, (L(x+iy),x+iy)1= (x+iy,L(x+iy))1. Then

(Lx,y)1+ (Ly,x)1= (x,Ly)1+ (y,Lx)1,

−(Lx,y)1+ (Ly,x)1= −(x,Ly)1+ (y,Lx)1. Bull. Fac. Educ., Nagasaki Univ. : Natural Science No.78,1 〜 16(2010.3)

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Thus we obtain

(Lx,y)1= (x,Ly)1 (x,y∈H1).

It follows from (1) that fort∈Cwe obtain

(L(x+ty)1,x+ty)1B0.

Hence for every real numbert,

(L(x+ (Lx,y)1ty)1,x+ (Lx,y)1ty)1B0, which implies that for every real numbert,

(Lx,x)1+ 2*(Lx,y)1*2t+*(Lx,y)1*2(Ly,y)1t2B0.

Hence we have

*(Lx,y)1*2C(Lx,x)1(Ly,y)1 (x,y∈H1).

SinceLis bijective, there exists ˜g ∈H1such that L ˜g=g. Thus forv∈DT*∩ KerS, we have

*(v,g)1*2=*(v,L˜g)1*2C(Lv,v)1(L˜g, ˜g)1, C(L˜g, ˜g)1(**T*v**20+**Sv**22) = (L˜g, ˜g)1**T*v**2. Since (v,g)1= 0 forv∈DT*∩ (KerS)h, we have

*(v,g)1*2C(L˜g, ˜g)1**T*v**20 (2)

forv ∈DT*. Define a bounded linear functional ϕ:RT* → C by ϕ(T*v) = (v,g)1. Then by the Hahn-Banach theorem,ϕis extended to a bounded linear functional onH0. By the Riesz representaion theorem, there existsu0∈H0such that

ϕ(w)=(w,u0)0, **ϕ**=**u0**0 (w∈H0).

It follows from (2) that

*ϕ(T*v)*=*(g,v)1*C(L˜g, ˜g)1**T*v**0, which implies that**ϕ**2C(L˜g, ˜g)1. Consequently,

**u0**20C(L˜g, ˜g)1. On the other hand we have

ϕ(T*v)=(T*v,u0)0=(v,g)1 (v∈DT*). (3) Hence by (3) we have*(T*v, u0)0*C**v**1**g**1 for v ∈DT*, which implies that u0 ∈ DT**=DT. By (3), (v,g)1=(v,Tu0) for v ∈ DT*, which implies that Tu0=g. This completes the proof of Theorem 1.

Kenzo

¯

ADACHI

2

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Let Ω ⊂⊂Rnbe a domain with C1boundary and let ρ be a defining funtion for Ω, that is, ρ is a real-valuedC1function in a neighborhoodGof ̅Ω and satisfies

Ω= {x∈G*ρ(x) < 0 },dρ(x): =

6

j=1n ∂ρ∂xj(x)dxj40 (x∈∂Ω).

Define the surface elementdSby

dS=

6

j=1n (-1)j-1νjdx1∧ · · · ∧ [dxj] ∧ · · · ∧dxn,

where, [dxj] means thatdxjis omitted, and ν=(ν1, · · · , νn) is the unit outward normal vector for the boundary ∂Ω. If we set*dρ*=⎧

⎨⎩

⎛⎝∂ρ

∂x1

⎞⎠

2+ · · · +⎛

⎝∂ρ

∂xn

⎞⎠

2⎫

⎬⎭

1/2, then ν can be written

ν= 1

*dρ*⎛

⎝∂ρ

∂x1, · · · , ∂ρ

∂xn

⎞⎠. Then we have the following:

Theorem 2(Greens theorem)Let u be a C1function onΩ.̅ Then

@

∂Ω∂∂ρxju *ddSρ*=

@

Ω∂∂xujdV,

where dV is the Lebesgue measure inRn. Proof. We set

d[x]k=dx1∧ · · · ∧ [dxk] ∧ · · · ∧dxn. Then we obtain

@

∂Ω∂ρ∂xj u *ddSρ*=

@

∂Ω∂∂ρxj u *dρ1*2

6

k=1n (-1)k-1 ∂∂ρxkd[x]k

=

@

∂Ω∂∂ρxj u *dρ1*2

6

kcj(-1)k-1 ∂∂ρxkd[x]k

+

@

∂Ω∂∂ρxj u *dρ1*2 (-1)j-1 ∂∂ρxj d[x]j.

Since ρ= 0 on ∂Ω, we have

∂∂ρxj dxj=−

6

icj∂ρ∂xi dxi.

Consequently,

@

∂Ω∂∂ρxju *ddSρ*=

@

∂Ωu(-1)j-1d[x]j=

@

Ω∂∂xujdV,

which completes the proof of Theorem 2.

On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi Extension Theorem 3

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2 Proof of the OhsawaTakegoshi extension theorem

Let Ω⊂Cn be a bounded pseudoconvex domain withC2 boundary. Then there exist a neighborhoodUof ∂Ω and aC2plurisubharmonic function ρ inUsuch that

U∩Ω= {z∈U*ρ(z) < 0 }.

We assume that *dρ(z)* = 1 for z ∈ ∂Ω. Further, we assume that ϕ is a C2 plurisubharmonic function in a neighborhood ˜Ω of ̅Ω. Forl∈(0, 1), define ˜χ∈C∞(R) such that

χ(t)=˜

{

1 (tCl)0 (tBl), *χ˜'*C 1-l2 .

For 0 < ε < 1 2, define

χε(z)= ˜χ⎛

⎝*zn*2 ε2 ⎞

⎠. Further, forf∈ ( ˜Ω), define

gε(z)= ̅∂⎛

⎝χε(z)f(z) zn ⎞

⎠. Thengεis a ̅∂ closedCy(0, 1) form on ˜Ω. We have

@

Ω*gε(z)*2e-ϕ(z)dV(z)=ε14

@

Ωε*f(z)*2

*

χ˜⎛⎝' *zεn2*2⎞⎠

*

2e-ϕ(z)dV(z),

where

Ωε= {z∈Ω*lε2C*zn*2Cε2}, anddVis the Lebesgue measure inCn. We chooseA> 1 such that

Ω ⊂Cn-1× {zn**zn*<A/2 }.

Define

γε(z)= 1

ε2+*zn*2, ηε(z)= log(A2γε(z)).

Thenz∈Ω , and for ε∈(0, 1/2), ηε(z)Blog 2. Define σ(z)= *z*2

log 2, ψ=ϕ+ σ.

Then we have

ηε(z)j,k=1

6

n ∂∂zj2σ∂z̅k(z)wjw̅k=ηε(z)log 2*w*2B*w*2

forz∈Ω,w∈Cn, ε∈(0, 1/2). Consequently,

ηε(z)j,k=1

6

n ∂∂zj2ψ∂z̅k(z)wjw̅kB*w*2 (z∈Ω,w∈Cn). (4)

Kenzo

¯

ADACHI

4

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For 0Cε < 1/2, define

a

{

ε= ηε+ γ1 ε(ε= 0)(ε > 0). We set

H0=L(0,0)2 (Ω, ψ), H1=L(0,1)2 (Ω, ψ), H2=L(0,2)2 (Ω, ψ), and

Tε(u)= ̅∂(

aεu), Sε=

aε∂,̅ T=T0, S=S0. Then we have

DTε=DT, DSε=DS, DTε*=DT*. Now we define a linear operatorLε:H1→H1by

Lε

( 6

j=1n-1vjd¯zj+vnd¯zj

)

=

6

j=1n-1vjd¯zj+ (ε2+*zε2n*2)2vnd¯zn.

ThenLε:H1→H1is bijective and satisfies

(Lε(x),x)1B0, for everyx∈H1.

Lemma 1Let v=6nj=1vjd¯zj∈C(0,1)2 ( ˜Ω).Then v∈DTε*if andonly if

6

j=1n vj(z)∂ρ∂zj(z)= 0 (z∈∂Ω).

Proof. Supposev=

6

j=1n vjd¯zj∈C(0,1)2 ( ˜Ω)∩DTε*. Then

(u,T*v)0= (Tu,v)1 (u∈DT), which means that

T*v=−

6

j=1n eψ∂∂zj (vje-ψ).

We set

˜

v(z)=

6

n

j=1vj(z)∂ρ

∂zj(z).

Suppose there existsz0∈∂Ω such that ˜v(z0)40. We may assume that Re ˜v> 0 in some neighborhoodWofz0. We choose a function ˜u∈C*c(Cn) with the properties that ˜uB0, On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi Extension Theorem 5

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˜

u(z0)> 0, supp (˜u) ⊂ W. Since ˜u∈DT, it follows from Greenʼs theorem (Theorem 2) that

(˜u,T*v)1=(Tu,˜ v)2=

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂∂zu̅˜jvje-ψdV

=−

@

Ωu˜

6

j=1n eψ∂(v∂je̅z-ψj )e-ψdV+

@

∂Ω

6

j=1n ∂∂ρ̅zjuv˜ je-ψdS

=(˜u,T*v)1+

@

∂Ωu˜˜ve-ψdS,

which implies that

@

∂Ωu˜˜ve-ψdS= 0.

This contradicts the choice of ˜vand ˜u. Thus we have ˜v*∂Ω= 0. Similarly we can prove the sufficiency. This completes the proof of Lemma 1.

Foru∈DT*andv∈DT, we have

(v,Tε*u)0=(Tεv,u)1=( ̅∂(

aεv),u)1=(v,

aεT*u)0,

which implies thatTε*u=

aεT*u. Hence, foru=6k=1n ukd¯zk∈C(0,1)2 ( ˜Ω)∩DTε*, Tε*u=−

aεeψ

6

j=1n ∂∂zj(uje-ψ).

Theorem 3For0 < ε < 1/2andu∈C(0,1)2 ( ˜Ω)∩DTε*,we have (Lεu,u)C**Tε*u**20+**Sεu**22. Proof. Using Greenʼs theorem, we have

**Tε*u**20+**Sεu**22

=(aεT*u,T*u)0+ (aεSu,Su)2

=(γεT*u,T*u)0+ (γεSu,Su)2+ ( ̅∂(ηεT*u),u)1

+

@

Ωηε

6

j<k⎛⎝∂∂uz̅kj−∂∂uz̅kj⎞⎠⎛⎝ ̄ ̄∂∂u̅zkj− ̄ ̄∂∂uz̅kj⎞⎠e-ψdV

=(γεT*u,T*u)0+ (γεSu,Su)2+ ( ̅∂(ηεT*u),u)1

+

@

Ωηεj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝∂∂u̅zkj−∂∂zu̅kj⎞⎠ ̄ ̄∂∂u̅zkje-ψdV

=(γεT*u,T*u)0+ (γεSu,Su)2+ ( ̅∂(ηεT*u),u)1

−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂∂zj⎧⎨⎩ηε⎛

⎝∂uk

∂z̅j−∂uj

∂̅zk

⎞⎠e-ψ

⎫⎬

⎭u¯kdV +

@

∂Ωηεj,k=1

6

n ⎝⎛∂∂uz̅kj−∂∂u̅zkj⎞⎠∂∂ρzju¯ke-ψdS.

Kenzo

¯

ADACHI

6

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Since6nj=1uj∂ρ

∂zj= 0 on ∂Ω, there exists a C1function Θ in a neighborhood of ∂Ω such that

6

j=1n uj∂ρ∂zj=Θρ. (5)

Differentiating (5) with respect to ¯zk, we have on ∂Ω

6

j=1n ⎛⎝∂uj

∂̅zk

∂ρ∂zj +uj ∂2ρ

∂̅zk∂zj

⎞⎠=ρ∂Θ

∂z̅k+ Θ∂ρ

∂z̅k=Θ∂ρ

∂z̅k. (6) If we multiply by ¯ukand add, we obtain on ∂Ω

6

n

j,k=1u¯k⎛

⎝∂uj

∂̅zk

∂ρ∂zj+uj ∂2ρ

∂̅zk∂zj

⎞⎠=Θ

6

k=1 ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄n ∂∂ρzkuk= 0.

Consequently,

@

∂Ωηεj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝∂∂u̅zkj−∂∂zu̅kj⎞⎠∂ρ∂zju¯ke-ψdS

=

@

∂Ωηεj,k=1

6

n ∂∂uz̅kj ∂ρ∂zju¯ke-ψdS+

@

∂Ωj,k=1

6

n ηεu¯kuj∂∂zjρ2∂̅zke-ψdS

B

@

∂Ωηεj,k=1

6

n ∂∂uz̅kj ∂ρ∂zju¯ke-ψdS

=

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂uz̅kj  ̄ ̄∂∂u̅zkje-ψdV+

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n u¯k∂∂zj⎛⎝ηε∂∂uz̅kje-ψ⎞⎠dV

B

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n u¯k∂∂zj⎝⎛ηε∂∂u̅zkje-ψ⎞⎠dV.

Thus if we use a representation

**Tε*u**20+**Sεu**22=(γεT*u,T*u)0+ (γεSu,Su)2+ (*), then

(*)B(ηεTT*u,u)1+

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂η∂̅zεjT*(u)¯uje-ψdV

−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂η∂zεj⎛⎝∂∂uz̅kj−∂∂̅zukj⎞⎠e-ψu¯kdV

−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj⎧⎨⎩

⎛⎝∂uk

∂z̅j−∂uj

∂̅zk

⎞⎠e-ψ

⎫⎬

⎭u¯kdV +

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n u¯k∂∂zj⎝⎛ηε∂∂uz̅kje-ψ⎞⎠dV.

On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi Extension Theorem 7

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Since

(ηεTT*u,u)1=

@

Ω

6

k=1n ηε∂∂z̅k(T*u)¯uke-ψdV

=

@

Ωηεj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝∂∂zj2∂ψ̅zkuj− ∂∂zj2∂u̅zjk + ∂ψ∂zj ∂∂u̅zkj⎞⎠u¯ke-ψdV,

we obtain

(*)B

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂η∂̅zεjT*(u)¯uje-ψdV−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂η∂zεj⎝⎛∂∂uz̅kj−∂∂zu̅kj⎞⎠e-ψu¯kdV

+

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝ηεuju¯k∂∂zj2ψ∂̅zk + ∂η∂zεj ∂∂uz̅kju¯k⎞⎠e-ψdV

=

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂η∂z̅εjT*(u)¯uje-ψdV

+

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝ηεuj∂∂zj2ψ∂z̅k+ ∂η∂zεj ∂∂z̅ukj⎞⎠u¯ke-ψdV.

Sinceu∈DT*, we have

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂η∂zεj ∂∂zu̅kju¯ke-ψdV

=−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝∂∂zj2η∂ε̅zkuju¯ke-ψ+ ∂η∂zεjuj∂∂z̅k(¯uke-ψ)⎞⎠dV

+

@

∂Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂η∂zεj ∂∂ρz̅kuju¯ke-ψdS

=−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝∂∂zj2η∂ε̅zkuju¯ke-ψ+ ∂η∂zεjuj∂∂z̅k(¯uke-ψ)⎞⎠dV.

Therefore,

(*)B

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂η∂z̅εjT*(u)¯uje-ψdV+

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj∂2ψz̅kuju¯ke-ψdV

−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ⎛⎝∂∂zj2η∂ε̅zkuju¯ke-ψ+ ∂η∂zεjuj∂∂z̅k(¯uke-ψ)⎞⎠dV

=

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂η∂z̅εjT*(u)¯uje-ψdV+

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj2∂ψ̅zkuju¯ke-ψdV

−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂∂zjη2∂ε̅zkuju¯ke-ψdV+

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂η∂zεjT ̄ ̄ ̄*(u)uje-ψdV

Kenzo

¯

ADACHI

8

(13)

=−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj2∂ψz̅kuju¯ke-ψdV−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂∂zjη2∂ε̅zkuju¯ke-ψdV

+2Re

@

Ω

6

j=1n ∂η∂zεjT ̄ ̄ ̄*(u)uje-ψdV.

Using the inequality

* 6

j=1n ∂η∂zεjujT ̄ ̄ ̄*(u)

*

=

*

−ε2+*z̅zn n*2unT ̄ ̄ ̄*(u)

*

C *zn*22(ε*un*2+*T2+*zn**2(u)*) 2,

we obtain

(*)B

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj2∂ψz̅kuju¯ke-ψdV−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂∂zj2η∂εz̅kuju¯ke-ψdV

−

@

Ωε*zn2+*z*2*unn**22e-ψdV−

@

Ω*Tε2*+*z(u)*n*22e-ψdV.

Consequently,

**Tε*u**20+**Sεu**22

B

@

Ωγε(*T*u*2+*Sεu*2)e-ψdV

+

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj2ψ∂̅zkuju¯ke-ψdV

−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂∂zj2η∂εz̅kuju¯ke-ψdV

−

@

Ωε*zn2+*z*2*unn**22e-ψdV−

@

Ω*Tε2*+*z(u)*n*22e-ψdV.

It follows from (4) that

**Tε*u**20+**Sεu**22

B

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj2ψ∂z̅kuju¯ke-ψdV

−

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ∂∂zjη2∂ε̅zkuju¯ke-ψdV

−

@

Ωε*zn2*+*z2*unn**22e-ψdV

On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi Extension Theorem 9

(14)

=

@

Ωj,k=1

6

n ηε∂∂zj2∂ψz̅kuju¯ke-ψdV

+

@

Ωγε*un*2(ε2γε−*zn*2)e-ψdV

B

( @

Ω

6

j=1n-1u2j+ (εε2+*z2*unn**22)2

)

e-ψdV

=(Lεu,u)1,

which completes the proof of Theorem 3.

The following theorem was proved by Hörmander [HR1]. We omit the proof.

Theorem 4For f=6nj=1fjd¯zj∈DT*∩DS,there exists a sequence{fν}with the following properties:

(a)fν∈L(0, 1)2 (Ω, ψ).

(b)If fν=6ν=1n fν,jd¯zj,then fν,j∈C2( ̅Ω).

(c)6nj=1fν,j∂ρ

∂zj*∂Ω= 0,that is,fν∈DT*.

(d)**f−fν**1+**Sfν−Sf**2+**T*fν−T*f**0→ 0 (ν→∞).

Corollary 1Forgε= ̅∂(χεf/zn),there exists uε∈H1such that Tεuε=gε,and

@

Ω*uε*2e-ψdVC (1−l)4 2ε6

@

Ωε(ε2+*zn*2)2*f*2e-ψdV.

Proof. Using Theorem 3 and Theorem 4, for 0 < ε < 1/2 andu∈DSε∩DTε*, we have (Lεu,u)1C**Tε*u**20+**Sεu**22.

By Theorem 1, there existsuε∈DTsuch that

Tεuε=gε, **uε**0C*(Lε-1gε,gε)1*.

On the other hand we have

Lε-1gε= (ε2+*zn*2)2 ε2

∂χε

∂̅zn

f znd¯zn, which implies that

*(Lε-1gε,gε)1*C

@

Ω(ε2+*zε2n*2)2

*

χ˜⎝⎛' *zεn2*2⎞⎠

*

2⎛⎝*zεn2*⎞⎠2

*

zfn

*

2e-ψdV

C 4

(1−l)2

@

Ωε(ε2+*zε6n*2)2 *f*2e-ψdV.

Kenzo

¯

ADACHI

10

(15)

This completes the proof of Corollary 1.

We set

Fε=χεf−

aεznuε.

Since ̅∂Fε= 0,Fεis holomorphic in Ω. Moreover we haveFε*H∩Ω=f. We set ˆΩε= {z

∈Ω**zn*Cε}. Then it follows from Minkowskiʼs inequality that

**Fε**0: =⎛

⎝

@

Ω*Fε*2e-ψdV⎞⎠1/2

C⎛

⎝

@

Ωˆε*χε*2*f*2e-ψdV⎞⎠½+⎛⎝

@

Ω*zn*2*aε**uε*2e-ψdV⎞⎠½

C⎛

⎝

@

Ωˆε*χε*2*f*2e-ψdV⎞⎠½+ supz∈Ω*zn*

*aε*⎛⎝

@

Ω*uε*2e-ψdV⎞⎠½.

There exists a constantB> 0, such that

*zn*

*aε* C

*zn*2log

r

ε2+*zA2n*2

+ 1 CB.

It follows from Corollary 1 that

⎛⎝

@

Ω*Fε*2e-ψdV⎞⎠1/2C⎛⎝

@

Ωˆε*χε*2*f*2e-ψdV⎞⎠½ (7)

+ 2B (1−l)ε3⎛

⎝

@

Ωε(ε2+*zn*2)2*f*2e-ψdV⎞⎠½.

The first term in the right side of (7) converges to 0 as ε→ 0. In order to investigate the second term in the right side of (7), we need the following lemma.

Lemma 2For ϕ∈C*( ̅Ω),we have

ε→0+lim

@

Ωε(*zϕn*(z)2+ε)2dV(z)=(1−l)π

@

{zn=0}∩Ωϕ(z)dVn-1(z),

where dV and dVn-1are the Lebesgue measures inCnandCn-1,respectively.

Proof. Let 0 <εC 1/2. If we choose ε sufficiently small, then there exist a constant a> 0 and compact setsE(ε),F(ε)⊂Cn-1with the following properties:

E(ε)× {lεC*zn*Cε} ⊂Ωε⊂F(ε)× {lεC*zn*Cε} (8) and

μ(F(ε)−E(ε))Caε, (9)

On the Ohsawa-Takegoshi Extension Theorem 11

(16)

where μ is the Lebesgue measure in Cn-1. We set z' = (z1, · · · , zn-1) , z= (z', zn) . We define τ by τ(z)=ϕ(z)−ϕ(z', 0). Then there exists a constant C > 0 such that

*

τ(z)*CC*zn*. On the other hand we have

@

lεC*zn*Cε(*zdxn*n2dy+ε)n2 = 2π

@

εlε(rrdr2+ε)2

= (1−l)π

(lε+1)(ε+1) →(1−l)π, as ε→ 0. Hence we obtain

ε→0+lim

@

Ωε(*zϕn*(z)2+ε)2dV(z)= limε→0+

@

Ωε(*zϕ(z', 0)n*2+ε)2dV(z)

= lim

ε→0+(1−l)π

@

E(ε)ϕ(z', 0)dVn-1(z')

=(1−l)π

@

{zn=0}∩Ωϕ(z', 0)dVn-1(z'),

which completes the proof of Lemma 2.

Since ε2B(ε2+*zn*2)/2 and εB(ε+*zn*2)/2 inDε, it follows from Lemma 2 that 1

ε6

@

Ωε(ε2+*zn*2)2*f*2e-ψdV

C16

@

Ωε(ε+*z*f*2en-ψ*2)2dV

→ 16(1−l)π

@

H∩Ω*f(z', 0)*2e-ψ(z', 0)dVn-1

C16(1−l)π sup

z∈H∩Ωe-σ(z)

@

H∩Ω*f(z', 0)*2e-ψ(z', 0)dVn-1.

Consequently,

lim sup

ε→0

@

Ω*Fε*2e-ψdVCC

@

H∩Ω*f(z', 0)*2e-ψ(z', 0)dVn-1, (10)

whereC=(64B2π)/(1−l)supz∈H∩Ωe-σ(z).

The following lemma is well known. So we omit the proof.

Lemma 3 (Montels theorem) Let {uk} be a sequence of holomorphic functions in Ω which are uniformly bounded on every compact subset of Ω. Then there exists a subsequence{ukj}of{uk}which converges uniformly on every compact subset ofΩ.

Lemma 4 Let Ω be a bounded pseudoconvex domain in Cn with C2 boundary whose defining functionρsatisfies*dρ*= 1on∂Ω.Then there exists a constant C> 0such that for every holomorphic function f in H∩Ω,there exists a holomorphic function F in Ω which satisfies F*H∩Ω=f and

@

Ω*F*2e-ψdVCC

@

H∩Ω*f(z', 0)*2e-ψ(z', 0)dVn-1.

Kenzo

¯

ADACHI

12

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