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Current Problems and Possible Solutions in Water

in Chinese Rural Area

OSHIMA Kazutsugu

This study examined the water_{!related business, including waterworks and} farm irrigation structures, and water resources in Chinese rural area.

In Chinese rural area, waterworks are not sufficient enough.

Depletion of water resources, deterioration of water quality caused by groundwater pollution is quite serious there.

There are two problems about farm irrigation structures, too old facilities and the delay in construction of new facilities.

Only 49.6% of Chinese farmland is covered with irrigation now, the another half are still depend on rainwater.

Agriculture is seriously influenced by the weather change and harvests are unstable.

Chinese water resources are also facing three problems now, maldistribution of water recourses, short in water supply, and water pollution.

The quantity of water resources per person in China is only equal to a quar-ter of the world average.

Water is such a kind of valuable resource for China, and especially exhausted in North China. Even the famous Huang He River recently has dried up due to overuse of water there.

The Huang He River, typical river of North China, recently has become dry up because of large exploitation of water. Water pollution in China has been rapidly worsen particularly in the 1990 s.

Drastic reforming actions should be taken to secure water resources, to im-prove water quality, and to provide irrigation structures more sufficiently.