CDNCRETE LIBRARY OF JSCE NO. 6, DECEMBER 1985
Numerical Problems in Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of the Post-Failure Behavior of Structural System
~ "=€%2i2%2i2iiaéiiisiiii%€%2iE?i%EiEi%i%i
%:é===1E&%&E2%£%2?2%z%§1&¥i=€
- .2»: 1-;;:;:~t;._.,;-:-:-¢;:;;;'_-3+:-'-1;‘:;:;:_.;.;.;>;.-»:;';:1:¢:1:'.»:1r<:i=§1i1:¢=I-~1:1"-»'E - » .' ,1: 2:1» Y:1<1§r;¢:1:i;=:'-;- ‘:7: "1;=;1:1='¢;¢;I:1;1:I‘1:1=E=3':=
.52zizi2°zi2E2%;12;;;;;i.=;i=i=%a'=’i‘:=1a;.F."%3.;‘.;,E2=11&§zi2;z;§;;;?2‘2i&E;i1 *gig=;i;€2i&l&i2§;E2§2;£;iz E212?252i1%;§;E2;;2ii2:;%&%&»&11;,2§3_E2"‘l:2‘%;&l;¢;:iE§1;i1%.:;i1‘.2:-;:i=;&;%§;i<‘:‘a§&§§;&;&;&;=‘;E;‘;,5;zi,2§%=_E;E;Eeia%2
. l - ":- .- 21;:;l:i:1:1:l:-'-:-:;:;I;I:‘1521:‘;-:_.;r;?,?:<1:~-:-:-:‘:~i>i:1:1:=:»:-:---'~:'~I;.:i:-:-:-.:~;»'-1 ,;;.-::;:-:;:;:;.;.;.;.;-:-:-:;:;:-g:;.'.l;1.-"v.»:-1_:;:;t;i;‘;1:1:-:-:;:;:;:;:; .:>:-:‘»:= .1 - --:114':-:-1;I;1;I:l:1:?'';:;:;:-.
.-:~;-:c;1:1.-""'.1:1:I: _.;:;:;:;1:=:§:;:;;;:;:;:<:;1;r‘:;<;--- .;:' * ,- >_.;:_,;-5'»_,;.,;:;:;:~-;»:I:;-;:;:;:;:-2;! g.;:;.,< 1+
I-';-;I-.;?:-;E4;-:i:i:1:1:I:I:'.;:;:;:;.;' .1, 1' = 1-._:_;;:;‘-I-11-:1:5:§:§:§1:I';i:I~'-_',-;'~I;».' 5:111:12‘. .':-: 17:7:-!:>"':.-Z-l:I15Z7§5I711:-‘»;"-3'-'15:?ffi.-:1.‘.';I:':~:-'-1»I:1.l:-:1 1'14‘ _- .111:"I:I:~:<:~:~-1:111. »:" ::;;' 1:-
cl:-:;::-:»';:-';~/_:.,.:-:-:-:--2-1'21:;1:»:-:»:-:;.¢1;:;1_I;;1-v,;:;'-151115:-:-'--':-:;:;.»:- . ';'
513131.‘ 11} '21 ‘I11 1 “£11-"==¢=l;=E1i‘iIEY:1;?:‘-"I15-£5=I<1?1EIE>'1'..}ii===£=‘=‘=‘I§¢E..~ r-I "- :1':?EI§1'l:=:‘."':1‘ I ~:I:‘ .1r=1‘1‘§'_‘:~‘:‘»:-2-.-:-1-:1."Ei$E¢Ei§=:=:=i1: ,.:T:1;51:11?:E:E$E$;$?§=$1=1E7:‘: v > -1?‘ I
»:v:-:~:1:'»:'»'I- x511:1:-.-:-2-:-t;:<:;1:c~:-:-:~;;:1:1:;.;.~.':~:-:-:-:¢:;:;:;::i;<;:..-:-;;:;:;l;1;‘:-:<:~:~:-m:;:;1:-._+;;.;.;.;.;.;;;»;g;:;.1:;.;.;-;-;-:~:~,;.;.;.-;>.-.-=,;;:;.;.;.;.;-:->_:-:'~‘ ~ ----:51:-,;~;<;-:.;..;.;..;:
.:;:;:;>_c;:-/..';.;---" ~ f¢f;E:E1E1;i1‘;-:-:<-:¢:;Q .;.;;-:-;: ;, ;-,1-: :-' .
.1 .-
?i5.;%§E;E§;E;:E§3§2§igE;E;E
2‘1=&=€1iai2%2€aEa%2i:%==%~ ='.@i2?*i-Iii5i?‘=i2i2i2%2?zE:%siiE5222a%===i=i=*'==i1%1i2%2%=E&==1-===‘=iiiiiiiiiiiiziziaie%2?%?EiE§E§E§E2%§2i2i.55%?iii‘LEE?%i%izi2i1?Ei1¥i1i%iii‘i 2135335=31?1:ri=E;E35EE53E?E5E-g§§¥jl‘§§=i$E=E§EEE;igE;€§E3E§?£3:3:52:E:5133255;2§§E§:§:;=E$£§;§E;3;:3:3‘E1E1%gE;2§322‘
5:5133:}:§:1:§:j;§;¢;¢;;;;;;§;§:E:§;;§§:?§:§:§:1:§:;;;<;;;;1;:g:§1;:;:;r;1;I:;;;.;.;:$;=E1:I:1:'.~.':§ {.51311:?:12:15:1:§:§:§:?;¥6:1:I:1;-:1:1:}:§1:1:1:=
.¢.;»:-;»:v;-:-:-.-.; ;.;-:»:-:-:‘:-:-.- -.;.;.;» T:-1+:-'.;:;.;.;.;-1»;-1»:-at-' ' 1$11;-1-14-1~Z'§11;1;L;I;I;-§;!~i-Pi :;:;:-;;;;:;.;:- -1-I5:1:1:1:-:c;:;:;:;:;:;=;1:1:-:11-:gifiéi:I:i:»;I§'z;z-:;:;:;:;-;1:=:<~:>. . . .-.,:;:-:11;i:I:1:=S11:25:11-1;I:1$:=:1:1:15:5:;:;-;I:I
5"'-I;Z1;I:1:I:3:-=E=:;:;:§:3;§:;:E=Eri1E :1=~."=l=E1Ej ;;;;:;¢§:5:?;;-=»=;¢;;;=5::;;1;r3E=E1E%1.§=;:;:5‘E132;;:3:;>;:1»;"'.>.;:3;§:§;s@555;:§:51;:Z'~';Y§i:1:1:§:;:1_;1:1:1113:5_1:1:§:§:§:;:;:;-€:§:§:§:';:§:§:§:§:.§:{:§',1_:;:§.->=:j3§§=E=2<2:E;:1:5:;:11145;
'?/Ear-1+,;==Eaiz%:=::2=2:2 as
E=;=:=;1=>.=:>;?.¢:'<=:=:°~'.=;=;':'-;1:===-.-=======;1!=22:512121145‘-*1511:1;1;=;;;:;;;=:f;>.-:33‘-=;=,:=z'I:=':Z‘I:1;=;''1?E3iii=E=&=E¢E=E=3&»"$'3‘*3$5131'?i§25E1EI§I€¢E=E15I~°?-‘.1:'151513I.i:"%2%§i2é%%E€ ’ 11
‘ _¢:1'i'-;<.»:=:1:131:-Sly;.:<Z-i~.~1:i:I-ZEIEIEIE3?121271‘ii?
‘~‘~'<'“:1:-:V:-:‘:~:-:1:;I;111:1:.:-:->.-:-$13-;1;;:-2:-1-:;31$;-;¢=--:-1;:;:;:;i;:;1:~:~:!:~:-1;=;=~I$:i5:-$5:-:-:-:;:;1;1.1;I'-:-z»:-1-1---.':'.-»
:?'.'\:?I7155?§1:?:=:?:5:1I:1¢I§I§1§' ‘N’ "<5IE1§i§¢:=:1:i11:1515121:$11:15:71?1?IE1i11Iii:1:$:1t?:=:1f$‘13$:5:i:1‘1!5571iIYiE1§5§1§1:i::i511§
€=€¢E¢€*:5=£;i5Z§11212111525532}' ?f:>*,§;£;51i£=3=2=2=32;i3i53i;§E;:£=?E:£;E;;€3E;E§Ei:%=,,Zgi;€;i;51:&;€1£;;;E;i;‘;%5€§£5:51E1E;E1 5,135‘?1E!E{E§i§1§§:§:§:iiEI§¢E!§$E , :=EEi5=2=:'I‘ ‘1¥“"*1:1'1->:»: .: "="="‘#212121213121:15:}:i:EI%IilE¢%1E1E1:-:11‘1-<:-:»:-:-;»:-
‘vi, Q,
E5:‘E5E‘:5E5Z3 " ,, "1"‘=?E51‘=5I13‘i=:;:1~.iE5E5E5E=E=5£3;=:='. ' _ - »\-:-1;1:1-.1111‘:-;<::,;<¢;:;::1;=:-:1:
;=:1:¢§15:iI§1‘ . .1.’ »3111:i:=;;:§:5;;§:2!1§:{:;I-‘ '1» , ,I?;§;§:;:;:;:;I:1t1:1:;:§:i.;::1:i:‘:¢$;