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氏 名 熊谷 学而

所 属 人文科学研究科 人間科学専攻 学 位 の 種 類 博士( 言語学 )

学 位 記 番 号 人博 第87号 学位授与の日付 平成28年3月25日 課程・論文の別 学位規則第4条第1項該当

学 位 論 文 題 名 The Logical Problem of Loanword Adaptation and Hidden Phonology

論 文 審 査 委 員 主査 本間 猛 委員 小川 定義 委員 原田 なをみ

【論文の内容の要旨】

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Abstract Gakuji Kumagai

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Abstract

One of the most scabrous problems that have been puzzling linguists for many years is the poverty-of-the-stimulus (POS) problem ― namely, that children possess knowledge of their native language that they cannot simply learn from input to which they are exposed. For example, they also come to know whether certain sentences are ungrammatical, even though they are not given negative evidence. The POS problem is rampant with loanword adaptation as well. When words of a language are borrowed by another language, they usually undergo changes in order to fit the grammar of the recipient language. However, we can attest cases where adapted forms do not necessarily obey the native grammar of the recipient language, and cases where the native data does not determine a specific repair for illegal forms, which suggests that loanword adapters’ own experience does not always determine adapted forms for loanwords. This is the POS problem of loanword adaptation, and can be called “the logical problem of loanword adaptation (LOPLA)”.

This dissertation addresses LOPLA that can be observed in Central Pacific languages such as Fijian, Hawaiian, Ma ̅ ori, and Tahitian. I resolve it by proposing that loanword adapters can determine adapted forms via Loanword Adaptation Device, which is comprised of two independent systems: native phonology and hidden phonology. Hidden phonology does not emerge in native words of languages but can emerge when language users deal with words that cannot be found in the lexicon they have (e.g., loanwords; novel words). We thus hypothesize that the hidden phonology can help language adapters to determine adapted forms and specific repairs in loanword adaptation.

Hidden phonology is a system of phonology available to every language. In order to

validate this hypothesis, I argue that a phonological process of a language can be admitted to

come from the hidden phonology if it satisfies at least one of the following three criteria: (i)

the same process can be found in loanword adaptation of another language, or (ii) in the

native phonology of another language, or (iii) it can be explained by universal constraints.

参照

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