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Harmonization of Natural Science and Social Science

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Distinguished participants, ladies and gentlemen: Jiro KONDO 1mmediate Past President Science Council of J apan

1 was very much impressed when 1 learned the book “The Methods of Operations Research" by

P. M. Morse and G. E. Kimball published in 1951.1n the following years, 1 had been surprised that the war affairs which are irrational sometimes brutal behavior of human, can be analyzed in terms of mathematical equation, and one can elucidate the consequences of the mi1itary actions by means

of mathematical models. After that time, due to the great progress of computers in recent years, the operations research has been developed in many areas. We can find the optimal solution for the very complicated problems such as linear programming, dynamic programming, queuing theory, inventory scheduling, gaming, etc. When the objective and constrains are expressed in terms of mathematical equation, however, complicated, we can find the optimum solution by means of the theories of operations research. lt is widely utilized for the decision makers to analyze the problems. The Society for Operations Research Japan was established in 1957, and registered at The Science Council of Japan. 1t is extensively applied in business and in industries in this country. 1 attended the conference“On the Role of the Science in Rebuilding the Countries of the former

Soviet Union" in 12-14 June, 1994, at the Leeds Castle, Maidstone, U. K.The conference was organized by 1nternational Council of Scientific Unions, and ]. C. 1. Dooge, President of 1nternaュ tional Counci1 of Scientific Unions, P. Fasel1a, Director-General and Directorate for Science, Research and Development of European Commission, A. Badran, Assistant Director-General for

Science and acting Deputy Director-General of UNESCO, were the hosts of the conference. This was very informal conference stressing discussions and open exchange of information. Sir Anthony Epstein, Chairman of 1CSU Special Committee on Science in the former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern Europe (COMSCEE) is the organizer. U. Colombo, 1mmediate Past Minister for Universities and Scientific and Technological Research of ltaly, Sir Wil1am Stewart, Chief

Scientific Adviser to the Cabinet of U.K., and M. Oborne, Head of Outlook and Countries Studies Division of OECD together with Sir John Kendrew, Nobel Laureate and Past President of 1CSU and

myself, President of Science Council of J apan attended the conference. From the former Soviet Union, B. Genzelis, Chairman of Committee on Edu

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discussed the use of science to rebuild these countries.

These countries after the fall of the former Soviet Union are facing difficult problems not only in economy but also in political situation. There is no doubt how the science is useful for the economic imperatives in the search for solutions, and science should be regarded as a means of rebuilding the societies. The needs of train匤g human resources and the 匤format卲n fIow are recognized very 匇portant to construct these countries. However, the committee concluded the importance of the harmonization of natural science and social science. After the fall of the former Soviet Union, the ph匀osophy of Communism, or the theory of Marx, Lenin has been disappeared. These countries are facing very difficult situation both in political and economical situations.

However, what is most important is to estabIish a new discipline on which these countries should be constructed. 1n other words, what can subst咜ute Marx Lenin theory should be determined shortly. Without the discipl匤e or philosophy of reconstruction of the countríes, one cannot place the prior咜y of the national political issues. The degradation of env叝onment and rebuilding

education, and finally to increase the happiness of the people of these countries. 1t woフlld be necessary to estabIish the firm be!ief which can be eas匀y understood by people.

From November 15 to 17 last year, 1993, The Science Council of ]apan organized Asian Scientist Forum in Tokyo. At th﨎 meeting, Prof. Shou.QiL and Prof. Ren Wang from China, Prof.

Surinder Kumar Goyal and Prof. Satinder Vir Kessar from 1ndia, Dr. Mien Achmad Rifai and Prof.

Harsono Teroepratjeka from 1ndonesia, Mr.Harun B. Masri and Prof.N ordin H]. Lajis from

Malaysia, Prof.AmaryIIis T. Torres, Prof. Virginia S. Cario and Prof.]onathan Coloma Malicsi from phiIippines, Prof. Chu-Whan Cha and Prof. Chang-whan K匇 from Republic of Korea, Prof.

K匇 Chuan Goh and Prof. Hsing Hua Huang from Singapore, Prof.Chamrieng Bhavichitra, Dr.

Suvit Vibulsresth, and Ms. Wanasri Samanasena from Thailand and representing ]apan, Prof. Tadashi Kawata and myself gathered and discussed freely about importance of the scientific cooperation in the future towards the 21st century. 1n the 21st century, the economic growth in Oriental countr冾s wiII be remarkable. On the other hand, the economy 匤 the industria!ized

countries mostly U. S. A. a

(Conference Chairman APORS'94)

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