SUT Journal of Mathematics
(】巨lormerly TRU Mathematics)
Vblume 29, Number 2(1993),193−196
SOME ANCHORS OF A
PAPPUSIAN PROJECTIVE PLANE
ANGELA VASIU AND ADRIAN VASIU
(Received September 21,1993)
ABsTRAcT. For some special parts of a pappusian plane including a pro−
per conic we consider the colhneations which transform the points of the
conic in the points of a ploper co皿ic.
AMS 1991 Mathmatics Subject Classification, Primary 51A30,51A10.−
Key words and phrases. Co皿i皿eations, G−anchors, projectivities with
fixed points, invollltions.
§1・In[3],[4]the notion of anchor in a tra皿slation projective plane was
introduced, which has been shown to be usefu1 for the extension of colli’nea−
tions defined o皿asubset of such a plane.
In the case of desarguesian projective planes, the collineations are reP−
resented by semilinear transformations of the corresponding vector spacbs,
and as it results from[1],[2], these can be characterised by a dilatation
group and by an elation group of a plane. The role of the translatio皿group
is taken by the dilatatio皿and elation groups, i皿adesarguesia皿plane.
In[5]we generalised the notion of anchor fbr a desarguesian projective
I)lane. In this note, fbr a pappusian projective plane we give some a皿chors
which correspond to some specia1 collineations groups.
§2.Let H a皿d H’be two desarguesia皿projective pla浪es,1)andア’their
points sets,9L,(9L)’the groups of projective coUineations of II and H’.
We denote(9L)d,(9L)2, the groups of the projectivities of a line d⊂H,
d’⊂H’.Let O⊂1)be a set of points andΩ(0,1プ)the set of injective
collineations 9:0−→ア’.
193
194
ANCHORS OF A PAPPUSIAN PLANE
De血nition 2.1.工et g∈9L(or g∈(9L)d)a皿d Og=0∩g−1(0). We
say鋤t O js c・mpatible Wi’th 9 if Cg≠0,09¢ア, where月s・the・set・f
fixed points of g, jf]for anY(9∈Ω(C,アソ)there eXists a u11∫que collineation
9’∈(9L)’(or g’∈(9L)2,)sudl that五)r any M∈Og it satisfies the
relation:
(2.1) 9’
i9(M))=ψ(9(M))・
Definition 2.2. Letθbe a subgroup of the gr卯ρ9L(or of the group
(gL)d). The・set・C⊂ア」s called a g−anc力・r, if it・is・c・mpat」ble朋’t力any
9∈9and if for aηy(ρ∈Ω(0,ア’)we have:
(2.2)
(92091)’=gSogl, ∀92,91∈9.
Definition 2.3. Z,et 91 and 92 be two su.bgroups of t血e group gL. A set
・fp・i皿ts・C⊂ρ・is・ca皿ed a 9、−9i−anch・r ifC fs g・−anch・r and g2−a皿ch・r,
C is compatible with
9多1・=9、・g2・g「1
t∼)ranyg1∈91,92∈92 a皿d∫f
(2.3) (9多1)’=(gs)gl.
Definit ion 2.4. In the desarguesian projective plan e let〈2 be a point and
d・a・line, nonincident Wi’th O. A pr〈)jective c・11ineation・6 which・admits(?
and all P・加ts・f d as fixed P・輌皿ts∫s ca皿ed a d∫1a孟at∫・皿with・d・as・axis・and
Q as center. The・set・・f t力ese dila励ons fbrms a group,皿・ted by 1)d,Q・
De{inition 2.5. For a line d.and a point H incident with d, a prOjecti ve
C・11ineati・n T:ll−→rl’by WhiC力all the・P・intS・f d and all the li皿eS
which・are・incident・with・H・are・fixed, is・called・an・elation with・d・as・axis・and
H as center.
The・set・of・elati・皿s forms a group de皿・ted by Td,H. The・set・ofelations:
Td={ア∈Td,HIH∈d}
is also a group, called the group of elations with axis d・
In IS]we proved the next theorem:
A.VASIU AND A. VASIU
195
The・rem. ln a desarguesia皿pr(りiective plane let Q be a p・ii t a皿d d a
1∫丑e,Q¢d an d C⊂P a set of points which contains(? and at least two
P・ints」Ul and∬2・f・the li皿eば・lf C is a Dd,Q 一一 ’Td −an ch・r, the皿any
co1∬皿ea古∫0119:0−→1)’call be extended oll the whole plaロe H, t力at∫s,
t且ere・iS・a・U皿iqUe pr()jeCtive C・皿ineati・n f:ρ一→ア’SuCh鋤け10=9.
§3.In this note we consider coMneations 9:0−→P’which tra皿sfbrm
the poi皿ts of a proper conic in the points of a proper conic and co皿serve
.the colliniarity of poi皿ts from C.
Theorem 3.1.血apapPusian pr(り’ec輌e plane ll, let r be a pr()1)er
c・nic, d a・line a皿d r∩d={A,B}. We den・te by gA,B t力e gr・up・f
the prq戊ieCtiVitieS from(gL)d WhiCh haVe A and B aS fiXed P・i皿tS.丁血e
Oニru∂fs a 9.4β一a且chOL
Proof. Let g∈9Aβbe a I}rojectivity determined by the points Mo∈
d\{A,B}a皿dハ「o=9(M{))∈ば. Let M∈dand 2V=9(M)be two points
and S a poi皿t of r,different of、4 and B. The lines 5十Mo,S十No,S十M,
S十」Vintersect r in the points」レfo’,ハぼ, M*,1V*respectively. The pairs
of poi皿ts(A,、4),(B,B),(M8,No’),(M*,」VっwiU be the corresponding
points in a projectivity p defined on the conic r, fbr which d is its a垣s.
Because the considered pla皿e H is a I)apPusia皿o皿e, it results that the
lines Ma十2V*and M*十ハ信i皿tersect.at a point」R of the line d・
Let《p:0−→H’be a collineation for which(p(r)=r’is a proper
conic and let g’be a projectivity defi皿ed on d’ニ《p(d), with lρ(A)a皿d
ψ(B)6xed points, determined by:
(3.1) 9’(9(」ttt()))=〈P(9(Mo))=《P(No)
Because《p is a collineation which conserves the colhnearity of points
of O a皿d transfbrms r in r’it results that the points g(Mo), p(No),
9(M),ψ(1V),9(S),ψ(MS),9(Ni),9(M*),《ρ(2V*),(P(R)f()rm the same
configuration as their inverse−images on the plane IL Erom(3.1)we obtain:
(3.2) 9’(9(2レf))=《P(9(M))=(P(N), ∀M∈d
Thus we proved that C is compatible with any g∈9A,B.口
If we consider now two projectivities g1, g2∈9A,B and M∈d, the
points g1(M), g2(g1(M))belong to the line d and from(3.2)we deduce:
(3.3) (92091)’=9509{
that is O is a gA,B−anchor.
196
ANCHORS「OF A PAPPUSIAN PLANE
Theorem 3.2.1口apr(り゜ecε∫ve papφus∫an plalle II let r be a prOper「confc,
a皿dda1∫11e, r∩d={A;B}and P a pbint different丘om A situated o皿
th・t・ng・・鋤力g r・丁力・P・i・t・et・C=「UdU{P}∫・C・mp・tibl・W血
a皿∫皿Volutio皿S・of・d・・whii力血ave a fixed Point A.
Proof. The polar of P with respect to r intersects r at A and C. Let
9 :d−一→ dbe an involution having丘xed poi皿ts/1 an 1),1) ≠ A(the
points/l a皿d.D determine g).
if S=(0十1))∩r\{0}a皿dM’ニ.g(M),M∈d,五ぜ*ニ(」レ1十5)∩r\{S}
and M’*=(M’十S)∩r\{S}then the points・P, M*a皿d」レ1’*are on a
line.
Let(P:0−→1)’be a collineation by which∼o(r)ニr’is a proper
conic a皿d g’the involution defined on d’・=(ρ(のwith fixed pointsψ(A)
and《P(D). By hypothesis about(ρ, the Points《P(C),《P(S),(P(M「),(ρ(M’),
g(M*), a皿d g(.M’*)fbrm the same configuration on H’as their inverse−
images on H. It results that g’(9(M))=ψ(」匪’)=ψ(9(M))f()r any M∈d
and so the theorem is proved.□
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[5]Angela Vasiu anq B. Orban, On The Generalisation o∫Anchor Introdueed by
F.」Rαd6. Re3εαrセゐSeminars, Seminar on Geometry,‘‘Babes−Bolyai,, U皿ivelsity,
preprint,NL 2(1991),79−88.
t
Ahgela VASIU and Adrian・VASIU
Faculty of Mathematics
University“Bal)es−Bolyai,,
M.Kog…ilhiceanu Str’eet No.1
3400CLUJ−NAPOCA
ROMANIA