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(1)

大隅諸島における薬用植物

著者 山本 宗立

雑誌名 南太平洋海域調査研究報告=Occasional papers

巻 56

ページ 21‑24

別言語のタイトル Medicinal Plants in the Osumi Islands

URL http://hdl.handle.net/10232/24858

(2)

኱㝮ㅖᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀

ᒣᮏ᐀❧

Medicinal Plants in the Osumi Islands

YAMAMOTOSota

㮵ඣᓥ኱Ꮫᅜ㝿ᓥᕋᩍ⫱◊✲ࢭࣥࢱ࣮

Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University

せ᪨

ᒇஂᓥ࠾ࡼࡧ✀Ꮚᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ㄪᰝࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࢤࣥࣀࢩࣙ࢘ࢥࠊࣚࣔࢠࠊࢶ࣡

ࣈ࢟ࠊࢻࢡࢲ࣑ࠊ࢞ࢪࣗࢶࠊࣀࣈࢻ࢘ࠊ࢝࢟ࠊ࢔࢚ࣟࠊ࣐ࢡࣜࠊ࣍࢘ࢭࣥ࢝ࠊ᯿ᶲ㢮ࠊࢳࢻ࣓ࢢࢧࠊࢺ࢘

ࣔࣟࢥࢩࠊࣘ࢟ࣀࢩࢱ࡞࡝ࡀ୧ᆅᇦ࡟࠾࠸࡚ᖜᗈࡃ▱ࡽࢀࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀ࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

⸆⏝᳜≀ࡣఏ⤫▱ࡢ㞟⣙࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࡜ࡶ࡟ࠊ㏆௦་⸆࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ₯ᅾⓗ࡞౯್ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 㣕ࡧ▼≧࡟⥆ࡃ㮵ඣᓥࡢ㞳ᓥ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⸆⏝᳜≀࡟㛵ࡍࡿఏ⤫▱࡟㐃⥆ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࠊ ᅛ᭷ᛶࡀ㧗࠸ࡢ࠿ࠊ㠀ᖖ࡟⯆࿡῝࠸ࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࠊ኱㝮ㅖᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀࡟㛵ࡍࡿᩥ⊩ㄪᰝ

ࢆ࠾ࡇ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

᪉ἲ

㮵ඣᓥ኱Ꮫ㝃ᒓᅗ᭩㤋࡟཰ⶶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᭩⡠ࠊ≉࡟✀Ꮚᓥ࠾ࡼࡧᒇஂᓥࡢẸ಑࡟㛵ࡍࡿ

᭩⡠ࢆཧ↷ࡋࡓࠋ⸆⏝᳜≀ࡢ᝟ሗࡀᚓࡽࢀࡓᩥ⊩ࡣࠗすஅ⾲ᕷⓒᖺྐ࠘ࠊࠗ୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ࠊ

ࠗቑ⏣ࡢẸ಑ㄅ ࠘ࠊࠗࢃࡓࡋࡓࡕࡢ✀Ꮚᓥ Ẹ಑⦅࠘ࠊࠗ༡✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ࠊࠗᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୍

ᕳ㹼➨୕ᕳ࠘ࠊࠗᒇஂᓥ㯏⏕ࡢẸ಑ㄅ II࠘ࠊࠗᒇஂ⏫ࡢẸ಑II࡛࠘࠶ࡿࠋࠗ✀ᏊᓥẸ಑14㸪19࠘ࠊ

ࠗ஧༑␒㒓ᅵㄅ ࠘ࠊࠗ⌧࿴ࡢ㒓ᅵㄅ : ᫂἞ⓒᖺグᛕ࠘ࠊࠗ༡✀ᏊࡢẸ಑ㄪᰝ࠘ࠊࠗᒇஂ⏫ㄅ࠘ࠊ

ࠗୖᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘ࠊࠗୖᒇஂࡢẸ಑ㄪᰝ࠘࠿ࡽࡣ᝟ሗࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ

2 南太平洋海域調査研究報告 No.56(2015年3月)

OCCASIONAL PAPERS No.56(March 2015)

(3)

⤖ᯝ࠾ࡼࡧ⪃ᐹ

✀Ꮚᓥ3ᆅᇦ㸦すஅ⾲ࠊ୰✀Ꮚࠊ༡✀Ꮚ㸧࠾ࡼࡧᒇஂᓥ15ᮧ㸦ᰩ⏕ࠊ୰㛫ࠊ‮Ἡࠊᖹෆࠊ

ᑠᓥࠊᑿஅ㛫ࠊཎࠊ㯏⏕ࠊ㧗ᖹࠊᖹ㔝ࠊ᫓∾ࠊᏳᡣࠊᯇᓟࠊ⯪⾜ࠊỌஂಖ㸧࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝

᳜≀ࡢ᝟ሗࡀᚓࡽࢀࠊ100 ✀௨ୖࡢ᳜≀ࢆ⸆࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠋ

⣬㠃ࡢ㒔ྜୖࠊࡍ࡭࡚ࡢᆅᇦࡢ࠾࠸࡚ᖜᗈࡃ฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ᳜≀ࢆ⤂௓ࡍࡿࠋ

1. ࢤࣥࣀࢩࣙ࢘ࢥ㸦ࣇ࢘ࣟࢯ࢘⛉ࣇ࢘ࣟࢯ࢘ᒓ㸧

‚ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧㸸⫶③ࠊ⭡③ࠊ⫶⭠⸆ࠊୗ⑩ࠊ㉥⑩ࠊ౽⛎ࠊ㢼㑧⸆ࠊゎ⇕ࠊᾘ⅖⸆ࠊ 㧗⾑ᅽண㜵ࠊ෭࠼ᛶࠊ⾑ࡢ㐨ࠊ፬ே⑓ࠊ୓⑓

2. ࣚࣔࢠ㸦࢟ࢡ⛉ࣚࣔࢠᒓ㸧

‚ ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⾑Ṇࡵࠊษࡾയࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧ࠊ࢖࣎ࠊ⹸ṑࠊ⪥ᆶࢀ

‚ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧㸸㢼㑧ࠊゎ⇕ࠊ⭡③ࠊ⫶⭠⑓ࠊ⹸ୗࡋࠊ༑஧ᣦ⭠⹸ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⚄⤒③ࠊ

⬚↝ࡅࠊ୓⑓

‚ ⅍࡞࡝㸸⭜③ࠊ࣒ࢡ࣑ࠊ⫪ࡇࡾࠊ㛵⠇㸦Ỉࡓࡲࡾ㸧

3. ࢜࢜ࣂࢥ㸦࢜࢜ࣂࢥ⛉࢜࢜ࣂࢥᒓ㸧

‚ ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⭘ࢀ≀ࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧ࠊᡴࡕ㌟

‚ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧㸸㢼㑧ࠊတṆࡵࠊⓒ᪥တࠊႍᜥࠊ⭡③ࠊୗ⑩ࠊᚰ⮚ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽࠊ฼ᒀࠊ ゎẘ๣ࠊ፬ே⑓ࠊ⭤⬔⅖ࠊ┠ࡢ඘⾑ࠊ୓⑓

4. ࢶ࣡ࣈ࢟㸦࢟ࢡ⛉ࢶ࣡ࣈ࢟ᒓ㸧

‚ ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⭘ࢀ≀ࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧ࠊᡴ᧞ࠊษࡾയࠊⲡࡲࡅࠊ⻏ࡢࡉࡉࢀࠊ⑝

‚ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧㸸㨶ࡢ୰ẘࠊẘᾘࡋࠊ⭡③ࠊୗ⑩ࠊ೺⫶ࠊ㣗࠶ࡓࡾࠊ⚄⤒③ࠊ⬚↝ࡅ

5. ࢻࢡࢲ࣑㸦ࢻࢡࢲ࣑⛉ࢻࢡࢲ࣑ᒓ㸧

‚ ࡘࡅࡿ㸸⭘ࢀ≀ࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧ࠊ࢖࣎ࠊ⪥ᆶࢀࠊⲡࡲࡅ

‚ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧㸸ẘᾘࡋࠊ⹸ୗࡋࠊ③ࡳṆࡵࠊ⭡③ࠊ⵳⮋⑕ࠊ฼ᒀࠊ౽㏻ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽண㜵ࠊ

୓⑓

6. ࢞ࢪࣗࢶ㸦ࢩࣙ࢘࢞⛉࢘ࢥࣥᒓ㸧

‚ ࡘࡅࡿ㸸ࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸦⮋ฟࡋ㸧ࠊᡴࡕ㌟ࠊ᤬᣸

‚ ⤒ཱྀ㸦㣧ࡴ㸧㸸⭡③ࠊ⇕ࡉࡲࡋࠊ೺⫶ࠊ⫶⭠⑓ࠊୗ⑩ࠊ⬚↝ࡅࠊ⚄⤒③

7. ࣀࣈࢻ࣭࣐࢘ࣖࣈࢻ࢘ࡢ㢮㸦ࣈࢻ࢘⛉㸧

‚ ┠ࡢ඘⾑ࡸ┠ࢆࡘ࠸ࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟┠⸆࡜ࡋ࡚㸦౛㸸࢝ࢬࣛࡢ⠇㛫༑஬ࢭࣥࢳࡄࡽ࠸ษࡾ

ྲྀࡾࠊษࡾཱྀࢆ྿࠸࡚ฟࡿᾮࢆ║ࡢ୰࡟࠸ࢀ࡚Ὑ࠺㸧

YAMAMOTO Sota

(4)

✀Ꮚᓥࡢ3ᆅᇦࡢࡳ࡛࢝ࣥࣛࣥ㸦ࡌࢇࡲࡋࢇࠊ୰ẘࠊ㣗୰ẘ㸧ࡀ⸆࡜ࡋ࡚฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋ

୍᪉ࠊ✀Ꮚᓥ࡛ࡣ฼⏝ࡉࢀࡎᒇஂᓥ㸦3 ᮧ௨ୖ㸧ࡢࡳ࡛฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ⸆⏝᳜≀ࡣࠊ࢔ࢥ࢘

㸦࡛ࡁࡶࡢࠊᡴࡕ㌟㸧ࠊ࢔࣐ࢳࣕࢬࣝ㸦㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⚄⤒③㸧ࠊ࢖ࢯ࣐ࢶ㸦⚄⤒③㸧ࠊࢠࢩࢠࢩ㸦⓶

⭵⑓ࠊỈ⹸㸧ࠊࢢ࢔ࣂ㸦⢾ᒀ⑓ࠊ㧗⾑ᅽ㸧ࠊࢡࢥ㸦㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⭡③㸧ࠊࢧࢺ࢖ࣔ㸦⻏ࡸ⹸่ࡉࢀࠊ

᤬᣸㸧ࠊࢧࣥ࢟ࣛ࢖㸦တṆࡵࠊ⢾ᒀ⑓ࠊẘᾘࡋ㸧ࠊࢪࣕ࢞࢖ࣔ㸦ⅆയ㸧ࠊࢫ࢖࢝㸦฼ᒀࠊ⭈⮚㸧ࠊ ࢲ࢖ࢥࣥ㸦᤬᣸ࠊ㦵ᢡࠊⓎờ㸧ࠊࢶࣂ࢟㸦ษࡾയࠊࣄ࢚ࢾ࢟㸧ࠊࢽࣥࢽࢡ㸦⑂ປᅇ᚟ࠊ⢭ຊ๣ࠊ ࢪࣇࢸࣜ࢔ࠊ⭡③ࠊ୓⑓㸧ࠊࣄࣙ࢘ࢱࣥ㸦ᡴࡕ㌟ࠊᡴ᧞㸧ࠊࣅ࣡㸦㧗⾑ᅽࠊ⢾ᒀ⑓ࠊ⭈⮚⑓ࠊ

⚄⤒③ࠊ୓⑓㸧ࠊࣖࢡࢨࢧ㸦⒴㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ௒ᚋࠊ௚ᆅᇦ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ⸆⏝᳜≀฼⏝࡜ẚ㍑ࡋࠊ

ྛᓥࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ

᭱ᚋ࡟ࠊⴭ⪅ࡀࡇࢀࡲ࡛㔜Ⅼⓗ࡟ㄪᰝࢆࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ฼⏝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ሗ࿌ࡍࡿࠋ኱㝮 ㅖᓥ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ᪉ゝྡࡣࠕࢥࢩ࣮ࣙࠊࢱ࢝ࣥࢶ࣓ࠖ㸦ࠗ✀Ꮚᓥ᪉ゝ㎡඾࠘㸧ࠊࠕࡇࡋࡻ࠺ࠖ

㸦ࠗ୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘㸧ࠊࠕࢥ࣮ࢩࣙ࢘ࠖ㸦ᒇஂᓥᖹෆᮧࠊࠗᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୍ᕳ࠘㸧࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ

஑ᕞ௨༡ࡢ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ᪉ゝྡࡣࠕࡇࡋࡻ࠺⣔ࠖ࡟ᒓࡍࡿࠊ࡜ᒣᮏ㸦2010㸧ࡣᥦၐࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ ࡑࡢ௬ㄝࢆᨭᣢࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ⸆⏝࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊࠗᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୕ᕳ࠘ࡢ Ᏻᡣᮧࡢ㡯࡟ࠕᡴࡕ㌟ࡢ࡜ࡁࠊࢺ࢖ࢩⲡ࡜ࢱ࣐ࢦ࣭࣓ࣜࢣࣥࢥ࣭↝㓅࣭ࢥࢩࣙ࢘࡞࡝୐ရࢆ

ࡍࡾྜࢃࡏ࡚ᝈ㒊࡟ࡘࡅࡿࠖ࡜࠶ࡗࡓࡀࠊࡇࡢࠕࢥࢩࣙ࢘ࠖࡀ၈㎞Ꮚ࡞ࡢ࠿⬌᳡࡞ࡢ࠿ࠊ

ุูࡀࡘ࠿࡞࠿ࡗࡓࠋ዆⨾௨༡࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚၈㎞Ꮚࡢ⸆⏝౛ࡀᑡ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡟ᛮ࠼ࡓࠋ

ࠗ୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ࠘࡟ࠕࡇࡋࡻ࠺㸦၈ࡀࡽࡋ㸧ࢆ㌺࡟࠿ࡅ࡚࠾ࡃ࡜ࡣࡸࡾ⑓Ẽࡀࡇ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜

࠸࠺㨱㝖ࡅࡢ฼⏝ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࠋ዆⨾ㅖᓥ࡛ࡣ၈㎞Ꮚࢆ↝㓅࡟ₕࡅ࡚⭡③ࡢ᫬࡟㣧ࢇࡔࡾࠊ

㊊ࡀ②ᨥࡋࡓ᫬࡟ሬࡗࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ▱ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦YAMAMOTO 2013㸧ࠋ኱㝮ㅖᓥ࡛ࡣ ၈㎞Ꮚࡢ஦౛ࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡶࡢࡢࠊ࢖ࢯ࣐ࢶࡸ࢔࢚ࣟࠊ࢔ࢨ࣑㢮ࠊࣅ࣡ࢆ↝㓅࡟ₕࡅ࡚⸆࡜ࡋ

࡚฼⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࠋἈ⦖࡛ࡣἻ┒࡟၈㎞Ꮚ㸦≉࡟ᓥ၈㎞Ꮚ㸧ࢆₕࡅࡓㄪ࿡ᩱࠕࢥ࣮࣮ࣞࢢ࣮ࢫࠖ

ࡀ฼⏝ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊࡇࡢㄪ࿡ᩱࡶ⸆⏝࠿ࡽࡢὴ⏕ࡢྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ

ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩

ᗈ℩㝧Ꮚ 1987㸬ᒇஂᓥ㯏⏕ࡢẸ಑ㄅII㸪66㡫㸪ᗈ℩㝧Ꮚ㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬

㮵ඣᓥ኱ᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ◊✲ᐊ⦅ 1984㸬ቑ⏣ࡢẸ಑ㄅ㸪214 㡫㸪୰✀Ꮚ⏫❧ṔྐẸ

಑㈨ᩱ㤋㸪୰✀Ꮚ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬

㮵ඣᓥ኱ᏛἲᩥᏛ㒊ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ◊✲ᐊㄪᰝ 1989㸬ᒇஂ⏫ࡢẸ಑II㸪290 㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫ᩍ⫱ጤ ဨ఍ࠕ㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇᐊࠖ㸪ᒇஂ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬

༡✀Ꮚ⏫ᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍⦅ 1960㸬༡✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ㸪86㡫㸪㮵ඣᓥ┴⇃ẟ⩌༡✀Ꮚ⏫ᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍㸪 ༡✀Ꮚ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬

୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅㞟ጤဨ఍⦅ 1971㸬୰✀Ꮚ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ㸪1078㡫㸪୰✀Ꮚ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬 すஅ⾲ᕷᩥ໬㈈ಖㆤᑂ㆟఍⦅ 1981㸬ࢃࡓࡋࡓࡕࡢ✀Ꮚᓥ Ẹ಑⦅㸪85㡫㸪すஅ⾲ᕷᩍ⫱ጤ

ဨ఍㸪すஅ⾲㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬

すஅ⾲ᕷ⦅⧩ጤဨ఍⦅ 1971㸬すஅ⾲ᕷⓒᖺྐ㸪528㡫㸪すஅ⾲ᕷ㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬

᳜ᮧ㞝ኴᮁ 2001㸬✀Ꮚᓥ᪉ゝ㎡඾㸪375㡫㸪Ṋⶶ㔝᭩㝔㸪ᮾி㸬

2 Medicinal Plants in the Osumi Islands

(5)

ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇጤဨ఍⦅㞟 1993㸬ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୍ᕳ ᮧⴠㄅ ୖ㸪1359㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫

ᩍ⫱ጤဨ఍㸪ᒇஂ⏫㸪㮵ඣᓥ㸬

ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇጤဨ఍⦅㞟 1995㸬ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨஧ᕳ ᮧⴠㄅ ୰㸪963 㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫

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ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ⦅ࡉࢇጤဨ఍⦅㞟 2003㸬ᒇஂ⏫㒓ᅵㄅ➨୕ᕳ ᮧⴠㄅ ୗ㸪1157㡫㸪ᒇஂ⏫

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ᒣᮏ᐀❧ 2010㸬⸆࿡࣭ࡓࢀࡢ㣗ᩥ໬࡜ࢺ࢘࢞ࣛࢩ㸫᪥ᮏ㸬ࢺ࢘࢞ࣛࢩㆭḷ㸦ᒣᮏ⣖ኵ⦅ⴭ㸧㸪

235-246㸪ඵᆏ᭩ᡣ㸪ᮾி㸬

YAMAMOTO, S. 2013. Chili Peppers in the Islands of Kagoshima. In: The Islands of Kagoshima (Eds.

KAWAI, K., TERADA, R. and KUWAHARA, S.), 38-42, Kagoshima University Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima.

YAMAMOTO Sota

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