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(1)

NDC 414.7

Closed orientable hypersurface with constant mean curvature in. a Riemann space

   Takazi MmoRo

(Received August 31, 1987)

        1.Conf(}rmal Km量ng vector

  Let us denote by G a continuous. one para−

meter transformation group of a Riemann space Rπgenerated by infinitesimal transformation..

(1.1.) ili=xi十 ξi(x)δτ

If the generating vector field ξzsatisfied the equatlon

(1.2) レgが=ξi;ノ十.ξヵi=2φ働      (ξi=9毎ξつ

for a scaler fieldφ. 奄氏@Rn,ξ銭s called a confor−

mal Killing vector field and G is called a con−

formal transformation group, wh母re L. denotes

      ど

operation of L童e derivation with respect to the vector field ξt. If φ =:c(c=constant), then

ξtis called a homothetic Killing vector field and G is called a homothetic transformation group. If φ van孟shes identicaly, then ξtis ca1−

led a Killing vector field and G is called a motlon.

  A串 well−known, with.respect to the in−

finitesimal transformation(1,1).we have

(13)?..「1・結9ゴゐ{(息差)・・+(レ9・h):k       一(極)・・}

(1・4)叫・〒.(躬・)・・一(?FS,) ,k

(1・5)ξ1・、々一叫一R知ξ

  In particular, ifξzis a conformal Killing vec−

tor field, then by means of(1.2),(13), and(1.4)

we have

(1・6)㌃R秘・=δkφj,,一δ7φブlk+φ惣

      一φlzgノゐ

whereφゴ=φ∫ゴandφ1=gzJφ∫ゴ.From(1.6>it follows that

(1.7)レR」k=(2一・)φ・・k一φligj・

(1・8)}R 一2(1一・)φf一2φR

Where R顕and R denote the Ricci tensor and the sca1(lr curvature respectively.

      2.The mean curvature

.We shall denote by x1, x2,..., xn the roots of

      ほ      

the determinant equation

(2.1) det(bαβ 一xgαβ)=0

。。(・一ゴ2,.,。)i,.6。11。d th。 p,i。。ip。1

サ      ヒ

curvature of Vm for the normal vector nz. Theソ

      

一th mean curvature of}1。 Of Vm with respect to

       

ni is defined to be theンーth elementary symmet.

ric function of x1, x2,     ,xm divided by the

       

number of tenns.

  Thus we have

②・)早・.一撫・一瓢

(…)H,・一m(認一1)。P、5・苓・

      一.m( 1m−1)四一ゆ

and in general we have

(・・4)早・一(毒)熟,.…,….

         一(1mソ)(韓∴・・韓)(・≦・≦・)

where the symbol(pユ, p2,   ,pのmeans alter−

nating in リ induces.

     By means of(2.2)and(2.3)we get

(…)脚・.一漏可蒔,(5・一苓・)2

And furthermore we have

       (m」・一1)i

(2・6>凹・..噂・+・=レ!盃m!

(2)

津山高専紀要 第25号 (1987)

         Σ(Xα1−Xα2)2Xα3Xα4,_..吻Xαv+1       aくa〈…くaP  P  P P   P

      (!≦り≦.m−1).

      If we put

・i一 ?E・β・HE,

      リキ 

from H.ムβ=.Σ.bαβnt(Gauss formula)and

       P≡m十l P      P

(2。3)we get

(・〃)・・一,業1(卿)一,二三1脚

His called the mean curvature vector and the mean curvature H!of V is defined to be the length

of Hl, i.e

       ヒ   ヒ  エ

     H・=(9ii Ht Hノ)T

3.Closed orientable hypersurface with con・

   stant meah curvature in a Riemann space

  Let Vm be a closed orientable hypersurface in an(m十1)dimensional Riemann space Rm+1, In this case, at eaCh poillt on Vm the unit耳ormal vector is determi耳とd uniquely..Then we denote by n and b the unit nornlal vector and the second fundamental tensor of Vm respectively.

Then respective equation,.we immediately have

(3.1)

(3.2)

(3.3)

(3.4)

(3.5)

9ガー9αβB菱B多+nZ・・

giJ・ == gapBS・ Be・ +pinj

Hap=baBni

nlla = 一be BA

R〃瀕B5B2B彦Bタ

   = Ra aB7 一 (bap b67 一 ba  7 bo p)

Rf罎nゴB農BS Bタ=bαβ;γ一bα.γ;β   Through6ut the presept section the Latin iri−

dices i, i k, ...... run from 1 to . m十1 and the Greek indices a, B., 7, ....,. run from 1 to m,

  In this section we consider the relation of the Killing vector 6   and mean curvature H, in the closed orientable hypersurface VM in Riemann space RM+ i. By virtue of Greens theorem we

have

X.n・ f・ adv = o

If we put

      n.・. == 6.iB3

and them

      77 f. . == gaBn.,B

       =b宴ρ十ξらゴgαβBぎB畜

(3.6) 7 f, . = mHiP + 一1]一ga.P B3BA  llJgij

Integrating both menbers of (3.6) over the whole VM we obtain

ムmH・・+去・・βB差B細・・一・.

then we get   Therorem 1

Let VM be a closed orientable hypersurface in RM+i.admitting a continuous one ・par ≠高?狽?

transformation by (1.1), then

か1pd・+、論・βB興・、d一・

where P = n 6i and dv is the value element of Vm.

  From the theorem 1 we get   Theorem 2

Let VM be a closed orientable hypersurfaces in RM+i admitting a conformal Killing vector field

6 , then

(…)か・…+∫。φ・・〒・

(proof) .

When 6 i is .a conformal Killing vector field, by means of (1.2)

9αβBぎB癌・一2mφ

then,

21.IT .LgaB BA B; ]i」gi」・ dv = X.¢ dv

  Next we put

      η・・β=訊・・β}

where

      ηα=b;Bよξi

      ほ 

Then, it follows that   η・∫β=(η       ほ 

      (2}

       =(b;B3

7., a,p C2)

 .εξ

.露rB

b

竹7麟

a)yB 一(7 a);B

6i);B   (b .r B f 6,);B

(3)

Closed orientable hypersurface with constant mean curvature in a Riemann space

       +b二B差B彦ξ痘一b乙∫βB多ξi−b乙bγβρ        一b乙BタB畜ξゴ∫ゴ

ラα∫。一9αβラ。、β

       ±gaP (bl ,BB3 6 i+ bl b.pP HL b:

         BぎB畜.ξi j)一gαβ(b乙βB多ξi        十b護bγβρ†b乙.B3B畜ξ勾ゴ).

Since we have

H、一 ?Db暮

H・一 戟i 1香│1)面一・鋤

(3.8) 7a,.

Consequently, integrating both memb over the

theorem, we get the following theorem   Theorem 3

Let VM be a closed orientable hypersurface in RM+i admitting a continuous one parameter transformation by (1.1) then

(・.・痂・〜鴫d・+血(瓢一11・1…

     +XgiHigaB BR Bfi6i,」dv  一Xg Pg7  b.a ,p

     ・紬一桑・βB碑晦、d・一9

  Theorem 4

Let VM be a closed orientable hypersurface in RM+i admitting a conformal Killing vector field

6 , then

(3・10) ,(]{ggaB Hi , BBA 6i dv + m(m−1).L−2Pdv .

==@mgaBH,,flBA 6i+m(m 1)H2P 十mHlgαβB菱B多ξ勾ゴ

ー gaB g7S b−tv. ,.p BS 6i 

一9αβB碑b乙ら

;mgαβHi∫βB菱鳥十m(m−1)H2ρ

+号・・9αβB浅B癌

 gaBg7a b.a , p BJ 6i

一÷・・βB四脚

       ers of (3.9)

whole. VM and applYing Greens

X{ggaB Hi,BB

+ m(m−i).k¢.Hidv

       T. MIDORO

      −XaaBg7ab.e ,p. BP 6idv = O

(proof)

Frorn (1.2) 1・gi,一= 6i;j十 6j; i=2¢gi)一

      号H・glβ脇癌一m乞≠・・

      音・・β咄・:.協一mφHl

theri, we get (3,10)

  Theorem 5

Let VM be a closed orientable hypersurface in a constant curvature space Rm+1admittlng a con−

formal Killing vector field 6i, then

(3,11) .Lu,pdv +X¥,¢dv 一 o

(proo f)

By virtue of (3.5) and constant curvature space       bαβ∫γ一bαγ∫β==R吻々nゴB2B畜Bタ=・O

then,

      gaP g7a b.s,B BP6, 一一 gaB g76 bap,6 BJ6i        = t)亀γ9γδB多ξ,

       = mHi,p gaB B3 6,

From (3.10)

愈9αβH・、βB即・一かH・、β9αβ鴫d・k・

we get (3.11).

  Theorem 6

Let VM be a closed oriengable hypersurface in a constant curvature space RM+i admitting a con−

formal Killing vector field 6 i. lf has fixed sign on VM and Hi = constant, then every point of VM is umbilic.

        1

(proof)

Multipiyi.ng (3,7) by Hi == constqnt we get      カH子…+f.H・φ・・一・

On the other hand, from (3.11) we get      X.H2dv +X.H,¢dv 一= O

Then, by means of the above two relations we have

(3.12) X.(H? 一 H,) Pdv = O

(4)

      津山高専紀要

From (2,5) and our・assumption .forP, (3,12) holds if and only if H? 一 H2 = O at every point of VM.

Then we get

      Xl = X2 == . = Xm at every point of VM.

Next 翌?@cosider that RM+i is Einstein space,

then we obtain the following tWo theorem, The

first is

  Theorem 7 

Let VM be closed ・orientable hypersurface in space Rrp+i admitting a conformal Killing vec−

tor fierd 6 Z, then

XSφ+聴)・・一・.

(proof)

We put

(3.13) Lα=B賜ξノ

Differentiating (3.13) covariantly, we obtain

(3.14) Lα∫β=bαβRがnゴξゴ十BぎR癖Blξ」

       十RijB差B多gゴθξ雄 Multyplying (3.14) by ggP and

     Rij=一iirl;一Tt gi」  (k == constant)

we obtain

(・・15).噺m隼ユ面ξ・+9〃B凄曝・)

       ÷1爾ξ、+mφ)

       mk  ..   ,        =m.+1(φ+H・ntξ・)

By virtue of Greens theorem we hav6

       X.La,.dv−o /・ . .,

Consequehtly, @integrating both @menibers of・

(3.15) over the whole VM, we 6btain

(・.16)X!(φ+賦)・・一・

  Theorem 8

Let vM be a closed orientable hYpersurface in Einstein space RM+i admitting a. conformal Killing vector field 6i, and

第25号 (1987)

       (2) nt6i has fixed sign on VM   then, VM is umbilic.

  (proof)

  We put

  (3.17) Lα=b多B浅Rガξゴーb乙B多R々ξゴ   and differentiate. the above equation covariantT   正y,we get

  (3.18) Lα∫β=b貌βBぎRがξゴ+bζbαβRゴブnゴξゴ          十bζB3R髄B汐ξゴ

         +bζB菱Rウξ騒B窪一ba∫βB多Rがξブ          一b乙 bγβniRij eゴーb乙BタR誘々Bβξ∫

         一b乙B多Rかξ襲B言   VM is Einstein space, then

       Ri」  = 一ill−1;一Tt gi」  (k = constant)

We sgbstitute above  equation to (3.18), then

(3.19)L・、β一.皿旱1(・;、・BA・e,・+・bl・b・β義

       十b多ξ.麺BぎB三一b乙βB多ξi        −b乙bγβni(?i−b乙ξ,,, B多B汐)

Multiplying (3,19) by g P and Hi = constant    (3.20) Lf. a =: g P La,p

      ㌔旱、{(b:・β一・紬・iξi

      +b多ξ罐gαβB浅B彦一b護 6i,k gαβ Bj・ B彦}

  ? is conformal Killing vector field

.(・・21)L3・≒隼1!ゆ71聴

       + (in2−ln)¢Hil .

By viftue.Greens theorem we have

か・d・一・

Consequentfy, integrating both・ membef of

(3.21) over the whole VM, we get

(3・22) X.(¢Hi + H2ni6i) dv == O

Since Hi == constant, we obtain from (3.16)

(3.23) f..(¢Hi + H?ni6i) dv = O

From. (3.22) and (3.23), we get

(3.24) X.(Hi 一 H2) niei dv = o

(5)

Closed orientable hypersurface with constant mean curvature in a Riemann space T. MIDORO

then ni 6 i has fixed sign on VM, (3.24) holds if and only if

      H? 一 H2 =O

at every point of VM. Therefore we mugt have

      Xl=X2F: =Xm・

at every point on VM.

1)

2)

3)

. 4.)

5)

6)

7)

      Referrence

S. Kobayashi & K. Nomizu : Foundationss of dif−

ferentihl geOmetry vOl. I n皿.

B, O  Neil : Elementary Differrential Geometry.

D. Langwith : Differential and Riemanian Geometry,

D. A. Hoffman : Surfaces of constat mean curvature,

J. Diff, Geom. in manifolds of constant curvature L.. P, Eisenhart : Riemannian Geom.etry.

L. P. Eisenhart : Continuous groups of transforma−

tions.

K. Amur : Vector forms and integral formulas f6r hypersurfaces in Euclidean space, J, Diff.  Geom.

参照

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