(35. (Remember) when t he wife of ` Imran said: "O my Lord! I have vowed t o You what is in my womb t o be dedicat ed for Your services, so accept t his from me. Verily, You are t he All-Hearer, t he All-Knowing.'') (36. Then when she gave birt h t o her, she said: "O my Lord! I have given birt h t o a female child, and Allah knew bet t er what she bore, "And t he male is not like t he female, and I have named her Maryam, and I seek refuge wit h You for her and for her offspring from Shayt an, t he out cast .'')
The Story of Maryam's Birth
The wife of ` Imran ment ioned here is t he mot her of Maryam, and her name is Hannah bint Faqudh. Muhammad bin Ishaq ment ioned t hat Hannah could not have children and t hat one day, she saw a bird feeding it s chick. She wished she could have children and supplicat ed t o Allah t o grant her offspring. Allah accept ed her supplicat ion, and when her husband slept wit h her, she became pregnant . She vowed t o make her child concent rat e on worship and serving Bayt Al-Maqdis (t he Masj id in Jerusalem), when she became aware t hat she was pregnant . She said,
ぴ
あゆ∠ケ
ヶあル͡ま
⊥れ∇ケ∠グ∠ル
∠マ∠ャ
ゅ∠ョ
ヶ͡プ
ヶ͡レ∇ト∠よ
や⇔ケｚゲ∠エ⊥ョ
∇モｚら∠ボ∠わ∠プ
ヶあレ͡ョ
∠マｚル͡ま
∠ぺ
∠ろル
⊥ノΒ͡ヨｚジャや
⊥ユΒ͡ヤ∠バ∇ャや
び
(O my Lord! I have vowed t o You what is in my womb t o be dedicat ed for Your services, so accept t his from me. Verily, You are t he All-Hearer, t he All-Knowing.) meaning, You hear my supplicat ion and You know my int ent ion. She did not know t hen what she would give birt h t o, a male or a female.
ぴ
ゅｚヨ∠ヤ∠プ
ゅ∠ヰ∇わ∠バ∠ッ∠ヱ
∇ろ∠ャゅ∠ホ
あゆ∠ケ
ヴあル͡ま
べ∠ヰ⊥わ∇バ∠ッ∠ヱ
ヴ∠んル⊥ぺ
⊥ヮｚヤャや∠ヱ
⊥ユ∠ヤ∇ハ∠ぺ
ゅ∠ヨ͡よ
∇ろ∠バ∠ッ∠ヱ
び
(Then when she gave birt h t o her, she said: "O my Lord! I have given birt h t o a female child, and Allah knew bet t er what she bore.)
ぴ
∠ザ∇Β∠ャ∠ヱ
⊥ゲ∠ミｚグャや
ヴ∠んルｙΙゅ∠ミ
び
(And t he male is not like t he female,) in st rengt h and t he commit ment t o worship Allah and serve t he Masj id in Jerusalem.
ぴ
ヴあル͡ま∠ヱ
ゅ∠ヰ⊥わ∇Βｚヨ∠シ
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
び
(And I have named her Maryam,) t hus, t est ifying t o t he fact t hat it is allowed t o give a name t o t he newly born t he day it is born, as is apparent from t he Ayah, which is also a part of t he law of t hose who were before us. Furt her, t he Sunnah of t he Messenger of Allah ment ioned t hat t he Prophet said,
»
∠ギ͡ャ⊥ヱ
∠ヶ͡ャ
∠る∠ヤ∇Βｚヤャや
∩∀ギ∠ャ∠ヱ
⊥ヮ⊥わ∇Βｚヨ∠シ
͡ユ∇シゅ͡よ
ヶ͡よ∠ぺ
ユΒ͡ワや∠ゲ∇よ͡ま
«
(This night , a son was born for me and I called him by my fat her's name, Ibrahim.) Al-Bukhari and Muslim collect ed t his Hadit h.
They also recorded t hat Anas bin Malik brought his newborn brot her t o t he Messenger of Allah who chewed a piece of dat e and put it in t he child's mout h and called him ` Abdullah. Ot her new born infant s were also given names on t he day t hey were born.
Qat adah narrat ed t hat Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, t hat Samurah bin Jundub said t hat t he Messenger of Allah said,
»
ぁモ⊥ミ
∃ュゅ∠ヤ⊥ビ
∀リΒ͡ワ∠ケ
∩͡ヮ͡わ∠ボΒ͡ボ∠バ͡よ
⊥ウ∠よ∇グ⊥Α
⊥ヮ∇レ∠ハ
∠ュ∇ヲ∠Α
∩͡ヮ͡バ͡よゅ∠シ
ヴｚヨ∠ジ⊥Α∠ヱ
⊥ペ∠ヤ∇エ⊥Α∠ヱ
ヮ⊥シ∠ぺ∠ケ
«
(Every new born boy held in securit y by his ` Aqiqah, unt il his sevent h day, a sacrifice is offered on his behalf, he is given a name, and t he hair on his head is shaved.)
This Hadit h was collect ed by Ahmad and t he collect ors of t he Sunan, and was graded Sahih by At -Tirmidhi. We should ment ion t hat anot her narrat ion for t his Hadit h cont ained t he wording, "and blood is offered on his behalf,'' which is more famous and est ablished t han t he former narrat ion, and Allah knows best .
Allah's st at ement t hat Maryam's mot her said,
ぴ
ヴあル͡ま͡ヱ
ゅ∠ワ⊥グΒ͡ハ⊥ぺ
∠マ͡よ
ゅ∠ヰ∠わｚΑあケ⊥ク∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ
͡リ⇒∠ト∇Βｚゼャや
͡ユΒ͡ィｚゲャや
び
("...And I seek refuge wit h You for her and for her offspring from Shayt an, t he out cast .'') means, t hat she sought refuge wit h Allah from t he evil of Shayt an, for her and her offspring, i.e., ` Isa, peace be upon him. Allah accept ed her supplicat ion, for ` Abdur-Razzaq recorded t hat Abu Hurayrah said t hat t he Messenger of Allah said,
»
ゅ∠ョ
∇リ͡ョ
∃キヲ⊥ャ∇ヲ∠ョ
⊥ギ∠ャヲ⊥Α
ゅｚャ͡ま
⊥ヮｚジ∠ョ
⊥ラゅ∠ト∇Βｚゼャや
∠リΒ͡ェ
∩⊥ギ∠ャヲ⊥Α
ぁモ͡ヰ∠わ∇ジ∠Β∠プ
ゅ⇔カ͡ケゅ∠タ
∇リ͡ョ
あジ∠ョ
͡ヮ
∩⊥ロゅｚΑ͡ま
ゅｚャ͡ま
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
ゅ∠ヰ∠レ∇よや∠ヱ
«
(Every newly born baby is t ouched by Shayt an when it is born, and t he baby st art s crying because of t his t ouch, except Maryam and her son.)
Abu Hurayrah t hen said, "Read if you will,
ぴ
ヴあル͡ま͡ヱ
ゅ∠ワ⊥グΒ͡ハ⊥ぺ
∠マ͡よ
⊥ク∠ヱ
ゅ∠ヰ∠わｚΑあケ
∠リ͡ョ
͡リ⇒∠ト∇Βｚゼャや
͡ユΒ͡ィｚゲャや
び
(And I seek refuge wit h You for her and for her offspring from Shayt an, t he out cast ).'' The Two Sahihs recorded t his Hadit h.
ぴ
ゅ∠ヰ∠ヤｚら∠ボ∠わ∠プ
ゅ∠ヰぁよ∠ケ
∃メヲ⊥ら∠ボ͡よ
∃リ∠ジ∠ェ
ゅ∠ヰ∠わ∠らル∠ぺ∠ヱ
ゅ⇔ゎゅ∠ら∠ル
ゅ⇔レ∠ジ∠ェ
ゅ∠ヰ∠ヤｚヘ∠ミ∠ヱ
∠コ
ゅｚΑ͡ゲ∠ミ
ゅ∠ヨｚヤ⊥ミ
∠モ∠カ∠キ
ゅ∠ヰ∇Β∠ヤ∠ハ
ゅｚΑ͡ゲ∠ミ∠コ
∠ゆや∠ゲ∇エ͡ヨ∇ャや
∠ギ∠ィ∠ヱ
ゅ∠ワ∠ギレ͡ハ
ゅ⇔ホ∇コ͡ケ
∠メゅ∠ホ
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ヨΑ
ヴｚル∠ぺ
͡マ∠ャ
や∠グ⇒∠ワ
∇ろ∠ャゅ∠ホ
∠ヲ⊥ワ
∇リ͡ョ
͡ギレ͡ハ
͡ヮｚヤャや
ｚラま
∠ヮｚヤャや
⊥ベ⊥コ∇ゲ∠Α
リ∠ョ
⊥￢べ∠ゼ∠Α
͡ゲ∇Β∠ピ͡よ
∃ゆゅ∠ジ͡ェ
び
(37. So her Lord (Allah) accept ed her wit h goodly accept ance. He made her grow in a good manner and put her under t he care of Zakariyya. Every t ime he ent ered t he Mihrab t o (visit ) her, he found her supplied wit h sust enance. He said: "O Maryam! From where have you got t en t his'' She said, "This is from Allah.'' Verily, Allah provides sust enance t o whom He wills, wit hout limit .)
Maryam Grows Up; Her Honor is with Allah
Allah st at es t hat He has accept ed Maryam as a result of her mot her's vow and t hat He,
ぴ
ゅ∠ヰ∠わ∠らル∠ぺ∠ヱ
ゅ⇔ゎゅ∠ら∠ル
ゅ⇔レ∠ジ∠ェ
び
(made her grow in a good manner) meaning, made her conduct becoming, her mannerism delight ful and He made her well liked among people. He also made her accompany t he right eous people, so t hat she learned right eousness, knowledge and religion.
ぴ
ゅ∠ヰ∠ヤｚヘ∠ミ∠ヱ
ゅｚΑ͡ゲ∠ミ∠コ
び
(And put her under t he care of Zakariyya) meaning, Allah made Zakariyya her sponsor. Allah made Zakariyya Maryam's guardian for her benefit , so t hat she would learn from his
t remendous knowledge and right eous conduct . He was t he husband of her mat ernal aunt , as Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Jarir st at ed, or her brot her-in-law, as ment ioned in t he Sahih,
»
や∠ク͡み∠プ
ヴ∠Β∇エ∠Β͡よ
∩ヴジΒ͡ハ∠ヱ
ゅ∠ヨ⊥ワ∠ヱ
ゅ∠レ∇よや
る∠ャゅ∠ガ∇ャや
«
(I saw John and ` Isa, who are mat ernal cousins.)
We should st at e t hat in general t erms, what Ibn Ishaq said is plausible, and in t his case, Maryam was under t he care of her mat ernal aunt . The Two Sahihs recorded t hat t he Messenger of Allah decided t hat ` Amarah, t he daught er of Hamzah, be raised by her mat ernal aunt , t he wife of Ja` far bin Abi Talib, saying,
»
⊥る∠ャゅ∠ガ∇ャや
͡る∠ャ͡ゴ∇レ∠ヨ͡よ
ュ⊥ほ∇ャや
«
(The mat ernal aunt is j ust like t he mot her.)
Allah t hen emphasizes Maryam's honor and virt ue at t he place of worship she at t ended,
ぴ
ゅ∠ヨｚヤ⊥ミ
∠モ∠カ∠キ
ゅ∠ヰ∇Β∠ヤ∠ハ
ゅｚΑ͡ゲ∠ミ∠コ
∠ゆや∠ゲ∇エ͡ヨ∇ャや
∠ギ∠ィ∠ヱ
ゅ∠ワ∠ギレ͡ハ
ゅ⇔ホ∇コ͡ケ
び
(Every t ime he ent ered t he Mihrab t o (visit ) her, he found her supplied wit h sust enance.) Muj ahid, ` Ikrimah, Sa` id bin Jubayr, Abu Ash-Sha` t ha, Ibrahim An-Nakha` i, Ad-Dahhak, Qat adah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, ` At iyah Al-` Awfi and As-Suddi said, "He would find wit h her t he fruit s of t he summer during wint er, and t he fruit s of t he wint er during summer.'' When Zakariyya would see t his; d
ぴ
∠メゅ∠ホ
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ヨΑ
ヴｚル∠ぺ
͡マ∠ャ
や∠グ⇒∠ワ
び
(He said: "O Maryam! From where have you got t en t his'') meaning, where did you get t hese fruit s from
ぴ
∇ろ∠ャゅ∠ホ
∠ヲ⊥ワ
∇リ͡ョ
͡ギレ͡ハ
͡ヮｚヤャや
ｚラま
∠ヮｚヤャや
⊥ベ⊥コ∇ゲ∠Α
リ∠ョ
⊥￢べ∠ゼ∠Α
͡ゲ∇Β∠ピ͡よ
∃ゆゅ∠ジ͡ェ
び
(She said, "This is from Allah.'' Verily, Allah provides sust enance t o whom He wills, wit hout limit .)
ぴ
∠マ͡ャゅ∠レ⊥ワ
ゅ∠ハ∠キ
ゅｚΑ͡ゲ∠ミ∠コ
⊥ヮｚよ∠ケ
∠メゅ∠ホ
あゆ∠ケ
∇ょ∠ワ
ヴ͡ャ
リ͡ョ
∠マ∇ル⊥ギｚャ
⇔るｚΑあケ⊥ク
⇔る∠らあΒ∠デ
∠マｚル͡ま
⊥ノΒ͡ヨ∠シ
͡￢べ∠ハぁギャや
-⊥ヮ∇ゎ∠キゅ∠レ∠プ
⊥る∠ム͡ゃ⇒∠ヤ∠ヨ∇ャや
∠ヲ⊥ワ∠ヱ
∀ユ͡もゅ∠ホ
ヴあヤ∠ダ⊥Α
ヴ͡プ
∇エ͡ヨ∇ャや
͡ゆや∠ゲ
ｚラ∠ぺ
∠ヮｚヤャや
∠ポ⊥ゲあゼ∠ら⊥Α
ヴ⇒∠Β∇エ∠Β͡よ
⇔ゅホあギ∠ダ⊥ョ
∃る∠ヨ͡ヤ∠ム͡よ
∠リあョ
͡ヮｚヤャや
や⇔ギあΒ∠シ∠ヱ
や⇔ケヲ⊥ダ∠ェ∠ヱ
ゅ６Β͡ら∠ル∠ヱ
∠リあョ
∠リΒ͡エ͡ヤ⇒ｚダャや
-∠メゅ∠ホ
あゆ∠ケ
ヴｚル∠ぺ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Α
ヶ͡ャ
∀ユ⇒∠ヤ⊥ビ
∇ギ∠ホ∠ヱ
ヶ͡レ∠ピ∠ヤ∠よ
⊥ゲ∠ら͡ム∇ャや
ヴ͡ゎ∠ぺ∠ゲ∇ョや∠ヱ
∀ゲ͡ホゅ∠ハ
∠メゅ∠ホ
∠マ͡ャ∠グ∠ミ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
⊥モ∠バ∇ヘ∠Α
ゅ∠ョ
⊥￢べ∠ゼ∠Α
-∠メゅ∠ホ
あゆ∠ケ
モ∠バ∇ィや
ヴあャ
⇔る∠Αや∠￢
∠メゅ∠ホ
∠マ⊥わ∠Αや∠￢
ｚΙ∠ぺ
∠ユあヤ∠ム⊥ゎ
∠サゅｚレャや
∠る∠ん⇒∠ヤ∠を
∃ュゅｚΑ∠ぺ
ｚΙ͡ま
や⇔ゴ∇ョ∠ケ
ゲ⊥ミ∇クや∠ヱ
∠マｚよｚケ
や⇔ゲΒ͡ん∠ミ
∇ウあら∠シ∠ヱ
あヴ͡ゼ∠バ∇ャゅ͡よ
͡ゲ⇒∠ム∇よ͡Ηや∠ヱ
び
(38. At t hat t ime Zakariyya invoked his Lord, saying: "O my Lord! Grant me from You, a good offspring. You are indeed t he All-Hearer of invocat ion.'') (39. Then t he angels called him, while he was st anding in prayer in t he Mihrab, (saying): "Allah gives you glad t idings of Yahya, believing in t he Word from Allah, and Sayyidan, and Hasuran, a Prophet , from among t he right eous.'') (40. He said: "O my Lord! How can I have a son when I am very old, and my wife is barren'' (Allah) said: "Thus Allah does what He wills.'') (41. He said: "O my Lord! Make a sign for me.'' (Allah) said: "Your sign is t hat you shall not speak t o t he people for t hree days except by signals. And remember your Lord much, and glorify (Him) in t he aft ernoon and in t he morning.'')
The Supplication of Zakariyya, and the Good News of Yahya's Birth
When Zakariyya saw t hat Allah provided sust enance for Maryam by giving her t he fruit s of wint er in summer and t he fruit s of summer in wint er, he was eager t o have a child of his own. By t hen, Zakariyya had become an old man, his bones feeble and his head full of gray hair. His wife was an old women who was barren. Yet , he st ill supplicat ed t o Allah and called Him in secret ,
ぴ
あゆ∠ケ
∇ょ∠ワ
ヴ͡ャ
リ͡ョ
∠マ∇ル⊥ギｚャ
び
ぴ
⇔るｚΑあケ⊥ク
⇔る∠らあΒ∠デ
び
(A good offspring) meaning, a right eous offspring,
ぴ
∠マｚル͡ま
⊥ノΒ͡ヨ∠シ
͡￢べ∠ハぁギャや
び
(You are indeed t he All-Hearer of invocat ion.) Allah said,
ぴ
⊥ヮ∇ゎ∠キゅ∠レ∠プ
⊥る∠ム͡ゃ⇒∠ヤ∠ヨ∇ャや
∠ヲ⊥ワ∠ヱ
∀ユ͡もゅ∠ホ
ヴあヤ∠ダ⊥Α
ヴ͡プ
͡ゆや∠ゲ∇エ͡ヨ∇ャや
び
(Then t he angels called him, while he was st anding in prayer in t he Mihrab,) meaning, t he angels spoke t o him direct ly while he was secluded, st anding in prayer at his place of worship. Allah t old us about t he good news t hat t he angels delivered t o Zakariyya,
ぴ
ｚラ∠ぺ
∠ヮｚヤャや
∠ポ⊥ゲあゼ∠ら⊥Α
ヴ⇒∠Β∇エ∠Β͡よ
び
(Allah gives you glad t idings of Yahya, ) of a child from your offspring, his name is Yahya. Qat adah and ot her scholars said t hat he was called Yahya (lit erally, ` he lives') because Allah filled his life wit h fait h.
Allah said next ,
ぴ
⇔ゅホあギ∠ダ⊥ョ
∃る∠ヨ͡ヤ∠ム͡よ
∠リあョ
͡ヮｚヤャや
び
(believing in t he Word from Allah) Al-` Awfi report ed t hat Ibn ` Abbas said, and also Al-Hasan, Qat adah, ` Ikrimah, Muj ahid, Abu Ash-Sha` t ha, As-Suddi, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, Ad-Dahhak, and several ot hers said t hat t he Ayah,
ぴ
⇔ゅホあギ∠ダ⊥ョ
∃る∠ヨ͡ヤ∠ム͡よ
∠リあョ
͡ヮｚヤャや
び
(believing in t he Word from Allah) means, "Believing in ` Isa, son of Maryam.''
Abu Al-` Aliyah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, Qat adah and Sa` id bin Jubayr said t hat Allah's st at ement ,
ぴ
や⇔ギあΒ∠シ∠ヱ
び
(And Sayyidan) means, a wise man. Ibn ` Abbas, At h-Thawri and Ad-Dahhak said t hat Sayyidan means, "The noble, wise and pious man.'' Sa` id bin Al-Musayyib said t hat Sayyid is t he scholar
and Faqih. ` At iyah said t hat Sayyid is t he man noble in behavior and piet y. ` Ikrimah said t hat it refers t o a person who is not overcome by anger, while Ibn Zayd said t hat it refers t o t he noble man. Muj ahid said t hat Sayyidan means, honored by Allah.
Allah's st at ement ,
ぴ
や⇔ケヲ⊥ダ∠ェ∠ヱ
び
(And Hasuran) does not mean he refrains from sexual relat ions wit h women, but t hat he is immune from illegal sexual relat ions. This does not mean t hat he does not marry women and have legal sexual relat ions wit h t hem, for Zakariyya said in his supplicat ion for t he benefit of Yahya,
ぴ
∇ょ∠ワ
ヴ͡ャ
リ͡ョ
∠マ∇ル⊥ギｚャ
⇔るｚΑあケ⊥ク
⇔る∠らあΒ∠デ
び
(Grant me from You, a good offspring), meaning, grant me a son who will have offspring, and Allah knows best .
Allah's st at ement ,
ぴ
ゅ６Β͡ら∠ル∠ヱ
∠リあョ
∠リΒ͡エ͡ヤ⇒ｚダャや
び
(A Prophet , from among t he right eous) delivers more good news of sending Yahya as Prophet aft er t he good news t hat he will be born. This good news was even bet t er t han t he news of Yahya's birt h. In a similar st at ement , Allah said t o t he mot her of Musa,
ぴ
ｚル͡ま
ゅ
⊥ロヱぁキへ∠ケ
͡マ∇Β∠ャ͡ま
⊥ロヲ⊥ヤ͡バ⇒∠ィ∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ
∠リΒ͡ヤ∠シ∇ゲ⊥ヨ∇ャや
び
(Verily, We shall bring him back t o you, and shall make him one of t he Messengers.) 28:7 When Zakariyya heard t he good news, he st art ed cont emplat ing about having children at his age. He said,
ぴ
∠メゅ∠ホ
あゆ∠ケ
ヴｚル∠ぺ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Α
ヶ͡ャ
∀ユ⇒∠ヤ⊥ビ
∇ギ∠ホ∠ヱ
ヶ͡レ∠ピ∠ヤ∠よ
⊥ゲ∠ら͡ム∇ャや
ヴ͡ゎ∠ぺ∠ゲ∇ョや∠ヱ
∀ゲ͡ホゅ∠ハ
∠メゅ∠ホ
び
("O my Lord! How can I have a son when I am very old, and my wife is barren'' (He) said...) meaning t he angel said,
ぴ
∠マ͡ャ∠グ∠ミ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
⊥モ∠バ∇ヘ∠Α
ゅ∠ョ
⊥￢べ∠ゼ∠Α
び
("Thus Allah does what He wills.'') meaning, t his is Allah's mat t er, He is so Might y t hat not hing escapes His power, nor is anyt hing beyond His abilit y.
ぴ
∠メゅ∠ホ
あゆ∠ケ
モ∠バ∇ィや
ヴあャ
⇔る∠Αや∠￢
び
(He said: "O my Lord! Make a sign for me'') meaning make a sign t hat alert s me t hat t he child will come,
ぴ
∠メゅ∠ホ
∠マ⊥わ∠Αや∠￢
ｚΙ∠ぺ
∠ユあヤ∠ム⊥ゎ
∠サゅｚレャや
∠る∠ん⇒∠ヤ∠を
∃ュゅｚΑ∠ぺ
ｚΙ͡ま
や⇔ゴ∇ョ∠ケ
び
((Allah) said: "Your sign is t hat you shall not speak t o t he people for t hree days except by signals.'') meaning, you will not be able t o speak except wit h signals, alt hough you are not mut e. In anot her Ayah, Allah said,
ぴ
∠ゑ⇒∠ヤ∠を
∃メゅ∠Β∠ャ
⇔ゅ∂Α͡ヲ∠シ
び
(For t hree night s, t hough having no bodily defect .) 19:10
Allah t hen commanded Zakariyya t o supplicat e, t hank and praise Him oft en in t hat condit ion,
ぴ
ゲ⊥ミ∇クや∠ヱ
∠マｚよｚケ
や⇔ゲΒ͡ん∠ミ
∇ウあら∠シ∠ヱ
あヴ͡ゼ∠バ∇ャゅ͡よ
͡ゲ⇒∠ム∇よ͡Ηや∠ヱ
び
(And remember your Lord much and glorify (Him) in t he aft ernoon and in t he morning. )
We will elaborat e more on t his subj ect in t he beginning of Surah Maryam (chapt er 19), Allah willing.
ぴ
∇ク͡ま∠ヱ
͡ろ∠ャゅ∠ホ
⊥る∠ム͡ゃ⇒∠ヤ∠ヨ∇ャや
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ヨΑ
ｚラ͡ま
∠ヮｚヤャや
͡マ⇒∠ヘ∠ト∇タや
͡ポ∠ゲｚヰ∠デ∠ヱ
͡マ⇒∠ヘ∠ト∇タや∠ヱ
ヴ∠ヤ∠ハ
͡￢べ∠ジ͡ル
∠リΒ͡ヨ∠ヤ⇒∠バ∇ャや
-⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ヨΑ
ヴ͡わ⊥レ∇ホや
͡マあよ∠ゲ͡ャ
ン͡ギ⊥イ∇シや∠ヱ
ヴ͡バ∠ミ∇ケや∠ヱ
∠ノ∠ョ
∠リΒ͡バ͡ミ∠ゲャや
-∠マ͡ャ∠ク
∇リ͡ョ
͡￢べ∠らル∠ぺ
͡ょ∇Β∠ピ∇ャや
͡ヮΒ͡ェヲ⊥ル
∠マ∇Β∠ャ͡ま
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
レ⊥ミ
∠ろ
∇ユ͡ヰ∇Α∠ギ∠ャ
∇ク͡ま
ラヲ⊥ボ∇ヤ⊥Α
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ヨ⇒∠ヤ∇ホ∠ぺ
∇ユ⊥ヰぁΑ∠ぺ
⊥モ⊥ヘ∇ム∠Α
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
∠ろレ⊥ミ
∇ユ͡ヰ∇Α∠ギ∠ャ
∇ク͡ま
∠ラヲ⊥ヨ͡ダ∠わ∇ガ∠Α
び
(42. And (remember) when t he angels said: "O Maryam! Verily, Allah has chosen you, purified you, and chosen you above t he women of t he nat ions.'') (43. "O Maryam! Submit yourself wit h obedience (Aqnut i) t o your Lord and prost rat e yourself, and bow down along wit h Ar-Raki` in.'') (44. This is a part of t he news of t he Ghayb (Unseen) which We reveal t o you. You were not wit h t hem, when t hey cast lot s wit h t heir pens as t o which of t hem should be charged wit h t he care of Maryam; nor were you wit h t hem when t hey disput ed.)
The Virtue of Maryam Over the Women of Her Time
Allah st at es t hat t he angels spoke t o Maryam by His command and t old her t hat He chose her because of her service t o Him, because of her modest y, honor, innocence, and convict ion. Allah also chose her because of her virt ue over t he women of t he world. At -Tirmidhi recorded t hat ` Ali bin Abi Talib said, "I heard t he Messenger of Allah say,
»
⊥ゲ∇Β∠カ
ゅ∠ヰ͡もゅ∠ジ͡ル
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
⊥ろ∇レ͡よ
∩∠ラや∠ゲ∇ヨ͡ハ
⊥ゲ∇Β∠カ∠ヱ
ゅ∠ヰ͡もゅ∠ジ͡ル
⊥る∠イΑ͡ギ∠カ
⊥ろ∇レ͡よ
ギ͡ヤ∇Α∠ヲ⊥カ
«
(The best woman (in her t ime) was Maryam, daught er of ` Imran, and t he best woman (of t he Prophet 's t ime) is Khadij ah (his wife), daught er of Khuwaylid.)''
The Two Sahihs recorded t his Hadit h. Ibn Jarir recorded t hat Abu Musa Al-Ash` ari said t hat t he Messenger of Allah said,
»
∠モ⊥ヨ∠ミ
∠リ͡ョ
͡メゅ∠ィあゲャや
∩∀ゲΒ͡ん∠ミ
∇ユ∠ャ∠ヱ
∇モ⊥ヨ∇ム∠Α
∠リ͡ョ
͡￢ゅ∠ジあレャや
ゅｚャ͡ま
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
⊥ろ∇レ͡よ
∠ラや∠ゲ∇ヨ͡ハ
∠ヱ
⊥る∠Β͡シへ
⊥り∠ぺ∠ゲ∇ョや
ラ∇ヲ∠ハ∇ゲ͡プ
«
(Many men achieved perfect ion, but among women, only Maryam t he daught er of ` Imran and Asiah, t he wife of Fir` awn, achieved perfect ion.)
»
∠モ⊥ヨ∠ミ
∠リ͡ョ
͡メゅ∠ィあゲャや
∩∀ゲΒ͡ん∠ミ
∇ユ∠ャ∠ヱ
∇モ⊥ヨ∇ム∠Α
∠リ͡ョ
͡￢ゅ∠ジあレャや
ゅｚャ͡ま
⊥る∠Β͡シへ
⊥り∠ぺ∠ゲ∇ョや
∩∠ラ∇ヲ∠ハ∇ゲ͡プ
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ろ∇レ͡よ
∩∠ラや∠ゲ∇ヨ͡ハ
ｚラ͡ま∠ヱ
∠モ∇ツ∠プ
∠る∠ゼ͡もゅ∠ハ
ヴ∠ヤ∠ハ
͡￢ゅ∠ジあレャや
͡モ∇ツ∠ヘ∠ミ
͡ギΑ͡ゲｚんャや
ヴヤ∠ハ
͡ゲ͡もゅ∠シ
ュゅ∠バｚトャや
«
(Many men reached t he level of perfect ion, but no woman reached such a level except Asiah, t he wife of Fir` awn, and Maryam, t he daught er of ` Imran. The superiorit y of ` A'ishah (his wife) t o ot her women, is like t he superiorit y of Tharid (meat and bread dish) t o ot her meals.) We ment ioned t he various chains of narrat ion and wordings for t his Hadit h in t he st ory of ` Isa, son of Maryam, in our book, Al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah, all t he t hanks are due t o Allah.
Allah st at es t hat t he angels commanded Maryam t o increase act s of worship, humbleness, submission, prost rat ion, bowing, and so fort h, so t hat she would acquire what Allah had decreed for her, as a t est for her. Yet , t his t est also earned her a higher grade in t his life and t he Hereaft er, for Allah demonst rat ed His might by creat ing a son inside her wit hout male int ervent ion. Allah said,
ぴ
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ヨΑ
ヴ͡わ⊥レ∇ホや
͡マあよ∠ゲ͡ャ
ン͡ギ⊥イ∇シや∠ヱ
ヴ͡バ∠ミ∇ケや∠ヱ
∠ノ∠ョ
∠リΒ͡バ͡ミ∠ゲャや
び
("O Maryam! Submit yourself wit h obedience (Aqnut i) and prost rat e yourself, and bow down along wit h Ar-Raki` in.'')
As for Qunut (Aqnut i in t he Ayah), it means t o submit wit h humbleness. In anot her Ayah, Allah said,
ぴ
モ∠よ
⊥ヮｚャ
ゅ∠ョ
ヶ͡プ
͡れ∠ヲ⇒∠ヨｚジャや
͡チ∇ケｘΙや∠ヱ
ｘモ⊥ミ
⊥ヮｚャ
∠ラヲ⊥わ͡レ⇒∠ホ
び
(Nay, t o Him belongs all t hat is in t he heavens and on eart h, and all surrender wit h obedience (Qanit un) t o Him.) 2:116
Allah next said t o His Messenger aft er He ment ioned Maryam's st ory,
ぴ
∠マ͡ャ∠ク
∇リ͡ョ
͡￢べ∠らル∠ぺ
͡ょ∇Β∠ピ∇ャや
͡ヮΒ͡ェヲ⊥ル
∠マ∇Β∠ャ͡ま
び
(This is a part of t he news of t he Ghayb which We reveal.) "and narrat e t o you (O Muhammad ), ''
ぴ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
∠ろレ⊥ミ
∇ユ͡ヰ∇Α∠ギ∠ャ
∇ク͡ま
ラヲ⊥ボ∇ヤ⊥Α
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ヨ⇒∠ヤ∇ホ∠ぺ
∇ユ⊥ヰぁΑ∠ぺ
⊥ヘ∇ム∠Α
⊥モ
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
∠ろレ⊥ミ
∇ユ͡ヰ∇Α∠ギ∠ャ
∇ク͡ま
∠ラヲ⊥ヨ͡ダ∠わ∇ガ∠Α
び
(You were not wit h t hem, when t hey cast lot s wit h t heir pens as t o which of t hem should be charged wit h t he care of Maryam; nor were you wit h t hem when t hey disput ed.) meaning, "You were not present , O Muhammad, when t his occurred, so you cannot narrat e what happened t o t he people as an eye wit ness. Rat her, Allah disclosed t hese fact s t o you as if you were a wit ness, when t hey conduct ed a lot t ery t o choose t he cust odian of Maryam, seeking t he reward of t his good deed.''
Ibn Jarir recorded t hat ` Ikrimah said, "Maryam's mot her left wit h Maryam, carrying her in her infant clot h, and t ook her t o t he rabbis from t he offspring of Aaron, t he brot her of Musa. They were responsible for t aking care of Bayt Al-Maqdis (t he Masj id) at t hat t ime, j ust as t here were t hose who t ook care of t he Ka` bah. Maryam's mot her said t o t hem, ` Take t his child whom I vowed t o serve t he Masj id , I have set her free, since she is my daught er, for no menst ruat ing woman should ent er t he Masj id, and I shall not t ake her back home.' They said, ` She is t he daught er of our Imam,' as ` Imran used t o lead t hem in prayer, ` who t ook care of our sacrificial rit uals.' Zakariyya said, ` Give her t o me, for her mat ernal aunt is my wife.' They said, ` Our heart s cannot bear t hat you t ake her, for she is t he daught er of our Imam.' So t hey conduct ed a lot t ery wit h t he pens wit h which t hey wrot e t he Tawrah, and Zakariyya won t he lot t ery and t ook Maryam int o his care.'''. ` Ikrimah, As-Suddi, Qat adah, Ar-Rabi` bin Anas, and several ot hers said t hat t he rabbis went int o t he Jordan river and conduct ed a lot t ery t here, deciding t o t hrow t heir pens int o t he river. The pen t hat remained afloat and idle would indicat e t hat it s owner would t ake care of Maryam. When t hey t hrew t heir pens int o t he river, t he wat er t ook all t he pens under, except Zakariyya's pen, which remained afloat in it s place. Zakariyya was also t heir mast er, chief, scholar, Imam and Prophet , may Allah's peace and blessings be on him and t he rest of t he Prophet s.
ぴ
∇ク͡ま
͡ろ∠ャゅ∠ホ
⊥る∠ム͡ゃ⇒∠ヤ∠ヨ∇ャや
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ヨΑ
ｚラ͡ま
∠ヮｚヤャや
͡ポ⊥ゲあゼ∠ら⊥Α
∃る∠ヨ͡ヤ∠ム͡よ
⊥ヮ∇レあョ
⊥ヮ⊥ヨ∇シや
⊥ウΒ͡ジ∠ヨ∇ャや
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
⊥リ∇よや
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
ゅ⇔ヰΒ͡ィ∠ヱ
ヶ͡プ
ゅ∠Β∇ルぁギャや
͡り∠ゲ͡カｘΙや∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ∠ヱ
∠リΒ͡よｚゲ∠ボ⊥ヨ∇ャや
-⊥ユあヤ∠ム⊥Α∠ヱ
∠サゅｚレャや
ヴ͡プ
͡ギ∇ヰ∠ヨ∇ャや
⇔Κ∇ヰ∠ミ∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ∠ヱ
∠リΒ͡エ͡ヤ⇒ｚダャや
-∇ろ∠ャゅ∠ホ
あゆ∠ケ
ヴｚル∠ぺ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Α
ヴ͡ャ
∀ギ∠ャ∠ヱ
∇ユ∠ャ∠ヱ
ヴ͡レ∇ジ∠ジ∇ヨ∠Α
∀ゲ∠ゼ∠よ
∠メゅ∠ホ
∠マ͡ャ∠グ∠ミ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
⊥ペ⊥ヤ∇ガ∠Α
ゅ∠ョ
⊥￢べ∠ゼ∠Α
や∠ク͡ま
ヴ∠ツ∠ホ
や⇔ゲ∇ョ∠ぺ
ゅ∠ヨｚル͡み∠プ
⊥メヲ⊥ボ∠Α
⊥ヮ∠ャ
リ⊥ミ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Β∠プ
び
(45. (Remember) when t he angels said: "O Maryam! Verily, Allah gives you t he glad t idings of a Word from Him, his name will be Al-Masih, ` Isa, t he son of Maryam, held in honor in t his world and in t he Hereaft er, and he will be one of t hose who are near t o Allah.'') (46. "He will speak t o t he people, in t he cradle and in manhood, and he will be one of t he right eous.'') (47. She said: "O my Lord! How shall I have a son when no man has t ouched me.'' He said: "So (it will be) for Allah creat es what He wills. When He has decreed somet hing, He says t o it only: ` Be! and it is.'')
Delivering the Good News to Maryam of ` Isa's Birth
This Ayah cont ains t he glad t idings t he angels brought t o Maryam t hat she would give birt h t o a might y son who will have a great fut ure. Allah said,
ぴ
∇ク͡ま
͡ろ∠ャゅ∠ホ
⊥る∠ム͡ゃ⇒∠ヤ∠ヨ∇ャや
⊥ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ヨΑ
ｚラ͡ま
∠ヮｚヤャや
͡ポ⊥ゲあゼ∠ら⊥Α
∃る∠ヨ͡ヤ∠ム͡よ
⊥ヮ∇レあョ
び
((Remember) when t he angels said: "O Maryam! Verily, Allah gives you t he glad t idings of a Word from Him,) a son who will come int o exist ence wit h a word from Allah, ` Be', and he was. This is t he meaning of Allah's st at ement (about Yahya)
ぴ
⇔ゅホあギ∠ダ⊥ョ
∃る∠ヨ͡ヤ∠ム͡よ
∠リあョ
͡ヮｚヤャや
び
(Believing in t he Word from Allah.) 3:39 , according t o t he maj orit y of t he scholars.
ぴ
⊥ヮ⊥ヨ∇シや
⊥ウΒ͡ジ∠ヨ∇ャや
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
⊥リ∇よや
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
び
(His name will be Al-Masih, ` Isa, t he son of Maryam) and he will be known by t his name in t his life, especially by t he believers. ` Isa was called "Al-Masih'' (t he Messiah) because when he t ouched (Mash) t hose afflict ed wit h an illness, t hey would be healed by Allah's leave. Allah's st at ement ,
ぴ
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
∠リ∇よや
∠ョ
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ
び
ぴ
ゅ⇔ヰΒ͡ィ∠ヱ
ヶ͡プ
ゅ∠Β∇ルぁギャや
͡り∠ゲ͡カｘΙや∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ∠ヱ
∠リΒ͡よｚゲ∠ボ⊥ヨ∇ャや
び
(Held in honor in t his world and in t he Hereaft er, and will be one of t hose who are near t o Allah.) meaning, he will be a leader and honored by Allah in t his life, because of t he Law t hat Allah will reveal t o him, sending down t he Script ure t o him, along wit h t he ot her bount ies t hat Allah will grant him wit h. ` Isa will be honored in t he Hereaft er and will int ercede wit h Allah, by His leave, on behalf of some people, j ust as is t he case wit h his bret hren t he might y Messengers of Allah, peace be upon t hem all.
` Isa Spoke When He was Still in the Cradle
Allah said,
ぴ
⊥ユあヤ∠ム⊥Α∠ヱ
∠サゅｚレャや
ヴ͡プ
͡ギ∇ヰ∠ヨ∇ャや
⇔Κ∇ヰ∠ミ∠ヱ
び
(He will speak t o t he people, in t he cradle and in manhood,) calling t o t he worship of Allah Alone wit hout part ners, while st ill in t he cradle, as a miracle from Allah, and when he is a man, by Allah's revelat ion t o him.
Muhammad bin Ishaq recorded t hat Abu Hurayrah said t hat t he Messenger of Allah said,
»
ゅ∠ョ
∠ユｚヤ∠ム∠ゎ
∀キヲ⊥ャ∇ヲ∠ョ
ヶ͡プ
͡ロ͡ゲ∠ピ͡タ
ゅｚャ͡ま
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
⊥ょ͡ェゅ∠タ∠ヱ
ア∇Α∠ゲ⊥ィ
«
(No infant spoke in t he cradle except ` Isa and t he companion of Jurayj .) Ibn Abi Hat im recorded t hat Abu Hurayrah said t hat t he Prophet said,
»
∇ユ∠ャ
∇ユｚヤ∠ム∠わ∠Α
ヶ͡プ
͡ギ∇ヰ∠ヨ∇ャや
ゅｚャ͡ま
∀る∠をゅ∠ヤ∠を
:
∩ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
ｘヶ͡ら∠タ∠ヱ
∠ラゅ∠ミ
ヶ͡プ
͡リ∠ョ∠コ
∩∃ア∇Α∠ゲ⊥ィ
ｘヶ͡ら∠タ∠ヱ
ゲ∠カへ
«
(No infant spoke in t he cradle except t hree, ` Isa, t he boy during t he t ime of Jurayj , and anot her boy.)
ぴ
∠リ͡ョ∠ヱ
∠リΒ͡エ͡ヤ⇒ｚダャや
(And he will be one of t he right eous.) in his st at ement s and act ions, for he will possess, pure knowledge and right eous works.
` Isa was Created Without a Father
When Maryam heard t he good news t hat t he angels conveyed from Allah, she said;
ぴ
あゆ∠ケ
ヴｚル∠ぺ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Α
ヴ͡ャ
∀ギ∠ャ∠ヱ
∇ユ∠ャ∠ヱ
ヴ͡レ∇ジ∠ジ∇ヨ∠Α
∀ゲ∠ゼ∠よ
び
("O my Lord! How shall I have a son when no man has t ouched me.'')
Mary said, "How can I have a son while I did not marry, nor int end t o marry, nor am I an indecent woman, may Allah forbid'' The angel conveyed t o Maryam, Allah's answer,
ぴ
∠マ͡ャ∠グ∠ミ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
⊥ペ⊥ヤ∇ガ∠Α
ゅ∠ョ
⊥￢べ∠ゼ∠Α
び
(So (it will be) for Allah creat es what He wills.)
He is Might y in power and not hing escapes His abilit y. Allah used t he word ` creat e' here inst ead of t he word ` does' as in t he t ale about Zakariyya 3:40 , t o eradicat e any evil t hought concerning ` Isa. Allah next emphasized t his fact when He said,
ぴ
や∠ク͡ま
ヴ∠ツ∠ホ
や⇔ゲ∇ョ∠ぺ
ゅ∠ヨｚル͡み∠プ
⊥メヲ⊥ボ∠Α
⊥ヮ∠ャ
リ⊥ミ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Β∠プ
び
(When He has decreed somet hing, He says t o it only: "Be! and it is.) meaning, what Allah wills, comes int o exist ence inst ant ly and wit hout delay. In anot her Ayah, Allah said,
ぴ
べ∠ョ∠ヱ
べ∠ル⊥ゲ∇ョ∠ぺ
ｚΙ͡ま
∀り∠ギ͡ェ∠ヱ
∃ウ∇ヨ∠ヤ∠ミ
͡ゲ∠ダ∠ら∇ャゅ͡よ
び
(And Our commandment is but one as t he t winkling of an eye.) 54:50 , meaning, "We only issue t he command once, and it comes int o exist ence inst ant ly, as fast as, and fast er t han, a blink of t he eye. ''
ぴ
⊥ヮ⊥ヨあヤ∠バ⊥Α∠ヱ
∠ょ⇒∠わ͡ム∇ャや
∠る∠ヨ∇ム͡エ∇ャや∠ヱ
∠りや∠ケ∇ヲｚわャや∠ヱ
∠モΒ͡イル͡Ηや∠ヱ
-⇔Ιヲ⊥シ∠ケ∠ヱ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
ヴ͡レ∠よ
∠モΑ͡￢∠ゲ∇シ͡ま
∠ぺ
ヴあル
∇ギ∠ホ
∇ユ⊥ム⊥わ∇ゃ͡ィ
∃る∠Αべ͡よ
リあョ
∇ユ⊥ムあよｚケ
ヴ͡ル∠ぺ
⊥ペ⊥ヤ∇カ∠ぺ
∇ユ⊥ム∠ャ
∠リあョ
͡リΒあトャや
͡る∠ゃ∇Β∠ヰ∠ミ
͡ゲ∇Βｚトャや
⊥オ⊥ヘル∠ほ∠プ
͡ヮΒ͡プ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Β∠プ
や⇔ゲ∇Β∠デ
͡ラ∇ク͡み͡よ
͡ヮｚヤャや
⊥￢ン͡ゲ∇よ⊥ぺ∠ヱ
∠ヮ∠ヨ∇ミｘΙや
∠ソ∠ゲ∇よｘΙやヱ
͡ヴ∇ェ⊥ぺ∠ヱ
ヴ∠ゎ∇ヲ∠ヨ∇ャや
͡ラ∇ク͡み͡よ
͡ヮｚヤャや
ユ⊥ム⊥ゃあら∠ル⊥ぺ∠ヱ
ゅ∠ヨ͡よ
⊥ミ∇ほ∠ゎ
∠ラヲ⊥ヤ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
∠ラヱ⊥ゲ͡カｚギ∠ゎ
ヴ͡プ
∇ユ⊥ム͡ゎヲ⊥Β⊥よ
ｚラ͡ま
ヶ͡プ
∠マ͡ャ∠ク
⇔る∠Α∠Ε
∇ユ⊥ムｚャ
ラ͡ま
ユ⊥わレ⊥ミ
∠リΒ͡レ͡ョ∇ぽぁョ
-ゅ⇔ホあギ∠ダ⊥ョ∠ヱ
ゅ∠ヨあャ
∠リ∇Β∠よ
ｚヵ∠ギ∠Α
∠リ͡ョ
͡りや∠ケ∇ヲｚわャや
ｚモ͡ェｘΙ∠ヱ
ユ⊥ム∠ャ
∠ヂ∇バ∠よ
ヵ͡グｚャや
∠ュあゲ⊥ェ
∇ユ⊥ム∇Β∠ヤ∠ハ
∇ユ⊥ム⊥わ∇ゃ͡ィ∠ヱ
∃る∠Α∠ほ͡よ
リあョ
∇ユ⊥ムあよｚケ
∇やヲ⊥ボｚゎゅ∠プ
や
∠ヮｚヤャ
͡ラヲ⊥バΒ͡デ∠ぺ∠ヱ
-ｚラ͡ま
∠ヮｚヤャや
ヴあよ∠ケ
∇ユ⊥ムぁよ∠ケ∠ヱ
⊥ロヱ⊥ギ⊥ら∇ハゅ∠プ
や∠グ⇒∠ワ
∀ヅ∠ゲ͡タ
∀ユΒ͡ボ∠わ∇ジぁョ
び
(48. And He will t each him t he Book and Al-Hikmah, and t he Tawrah and t he Inj il.) (49. And will make him a Messenger t o t he Children of Israel (saying): "I have come t o you wit h a sign from your Lord, t hat I design for you out of clay, a figure like t hat of a bird, and breat he int o it , and it becomes a bird by Allah's leave; and I heal t he blind, and t he leper, and I bring t he dead t o life by Allah's leave. And I inform you of what you eat , and what you st ore in your houses. Surely, t herein is a sign for you, if you believe.'') (50. "(And I have come) confirming t hat which was before me of t he Tawrah, and t o make lawful t o you part of what was forbidden t o you, and I have come t o you wit h a proof from your Lord. So have Taqwa of Allah and obey me.'') (51. "Truly, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him (Alone). This is t he st raight pat h.'')
The Description of ` Isa and the Miracles He Performed
Allah st at es t hat t he good news brought t o Maryam about ` Isa was even bet t er because Allah would t each him,
ぴ
∠ょ⇒∠わ͡ム∇ャや
∠る∠ヨ∇ム͡エ∇ャや∠ヱ
び
(t he Book and Al-Hikmah). It appears t hat t he ` Book' t he Ayah ment ioned here refers t o writ ing. We explained t he meaning of Al-Hikmah in t he Tafsir of Surat Al-Baqarah.
ぴ
∠りや∠ケ∇ヲｚわャや
∠モΒ͡イル͡Ηや∠ヱ
び
(t he Tawrah and t he Inj il). The Tawrah is t he Book t hat Allah sent down t o Musa, son of ` Imran, while t he Inj il is what Allah sent down t o ` Isa, son of Maryam, peace be upon t hem, and ` Isa memorized bot h Books. Allah's st at ement ,
ぴ
⇔Ιヲ⊥シ∠ケ∠ヱ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
ヴ͡レ∠よ
∠モΑ͡￢∠ゲ∇シ͡ま
び
(And will make him a Messenger t o t he Children of Israel) means, t hat Allah will send ` Isa as a Messenger t o t he Children of Israel, proclaiming t o t hem,
ぴ
ヴあル∠ぺ
∇ギ∠ホ
∇ユ⊥ム⊥わ∇ゃ͡ィ
∃る∠Αべ͡よ
リあョ
∇ユ⊥ムあよｚケ
ヴ͡ル∠ぺ
⊥ペ⊥ヤ∇カ∠ぺ
∇ユ⊥ム∠ャ
∠リあョ
͡リΒあトャや
͡る∠ゃ∇Β∠ヰ∠ミ
͡ゲ∇Βｚトャや
⊥オ⊥ヘル∠ほ∠プ
͡プ
͡ヮΒ
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Β∠プ
や⇔ゲ∇Β∠デ
͡ラ∇ク͡み͡よ
͡ヮｚヤャや
び
(I have come t o you wit h a sign from your Lord, t hat I design for you out of clay, a figure like t hat of a bird, and breat he int o it , and it becomes a bird by Allah's leave). These are t he miracles t hat ` Isa performed; he used t o make t he shape of a bird from clay and blow int o it , and it became a bird by Allah's leave. Allah made t his a miracle for ` Isa t o t est ify t hat He had sent him.
ぴ
⊥￢ン͡ゲ∇よ⊥ぺ∠ヱ
∠ヮ∠ヨ∇ミｘΙや
び
(And I heal him who is Akmah) meaning, ` a person who was born blind,' which perfect s t his miracle and makes t he challenge more daring.
ぴ
∠ソ∠ゲ∇よｘΙや∠ヱ
び
(And t he leper) which is a known disease,
ぴ
͡ヴ∇ェ⊥ぺ∠ヱ
ヴ∠ゎ∇ヲ∠ヨ∇ャや
͡ラ∇ク͡み͡よ
͡ヮｚヤャや
び
(And I bring t he dead t o life by Allah's leave).
Many scholars st at ed t hat Allah sent every Prophet wit h a miracle suit able t o his t ime. For inst ance, in t he t ime of Musa, magic was t he t rade of t he t ime, and magicians held a high posit ion. So Allah sent Musa wit h a miracle t hat capt ured t he eyes and bewildered every magician. When t he magicians realized t hat Musa's miracle came from t he Almight y, Most Great , t hey embraced Islam and became pious believers. As for ` Isa, he was sent during a t ime when medicine and knowledge in physics were advancing. ` Isa brought t hem t he t ypes of miracles t hat could not be performed, except by one sent by Allah. How can any physician bring life t o clay, cure blindness and leprosy and bring back t o life t hose ent rapped in t he grave Muhammad was sent during t he t ime of eloquent people and proficient poet s. He brought t hem a Book from Allah; if mankind and t he Jinn t ried t o imit at e t en chapt ers, or even one chapt er of it , t hey will ut t erly fail in t his t ask, even if t hey t ried t o do it by collect ive
cooperat ion. This is because t he Qur'an is t he Word of Allah and is not hing like t hat of t he creat ures. ` Isa's st at ement ,
ぴ
ユ⊥ム⊥ゃあら∠ル⊥ぺ∠ヱ
ゅ∠ヨ͡よ
∠ラヲ⊥ヤ⊥ミ∇ほ∠ゎ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
∠ラヱ⊥ゲ͡カｚギ∠ゎ
ヴ͡プ
∇ユ⊥ム͡ゎヲ⊥Β⊥よ
び
(And I inform you of what you eat , and what you st ore in your houses) means, I t ell you about what one of you has j ust eat en and what he is keeping in his house for t omorrow.
ぴ
ｚラ͡ま
ヴ͡プ
∠マ͡ャ∠ク
び
(Surely, t herein), all t hese miracles,
ぴ
⇔る∠Α∠Ε
∇ユ⊥ムｚャ
び
(is a sign for you) t est ifying t o t he t rut h of what I was sent t o you wit h,
ぴ
ラ͡ま
ユ⊥わレ⊥ミ
⇔ホあギ∠ダ⊥ョ∠ヲ∠レΒ͡レ͡ョ∇ぽぁョ
ゅ
ゅ∠ヨあャ
∠リ∇Β∠よ
ｚヵ∠ギ∠Α
∠リ͡ョ
͡りや∠ケ∇ヲｚわャや
び
(If you believe. And I have come confirming t hat which was before me of t he Tawrah,) affirming t he Tawrah and upholding it ,
ぴ
ｚモ͡ェｘΙ∠ヱ
ユ⊥ム∠ャ
∠ヂ∇バ∠よ
ヵ͡グｚャや
∠ュあゲ⊥ェ
∇ユ⊥ム∇Β∠ヤ∠ハ
び
(and t o make lawful t o you part of what was forbidden t o you.)
This part of t he Ayah indicat es t hat ` Isa abrogat ed some of t he Laws of t he Tawrah and informed t he Jews of t he t rut h regarding some issues t hat t hey used t o disput e about . In anot her Ayah;
ぴ
∠リあΒ∠よ⊥Ε∠ヱ
ユ⊥ム∠ャ
∠ヂ∇バ∠よ
͡グｚャや
ン
∠ラヲ⊥ヘ͡ヤ∠わ∇ガ∠ゎ
͡ヮΒ͡プ
び
(And in order t o make clear t o you some of t he (point s) in which you differ) 43:63 . ` Isa said next ,
ぴ
∇ユ⊥ム⊥わ∇ゃ͡ィ∠ヱ
∃る∠Α∠ほ͡よ
リあョ
∇ユ⊥ムあよｚケ
び
(And I have come t o you wit h a proof from your Lord.) "Cont aining affirmat ion and evidence t o t he t rut h of what I am conveying t o you.''
ぴ
∇やヲ⊥ボｚゎゅ∠プ
∠ヮｚヤャや
͡ラヲ⊥バΒ͡デ∠ぺ∠ヱ
ｚラ͡ま
∠ヮｚヤャや
ヴあよ∠ケ
∇ユ⊥ムぁよ∠ケ∠ヱ
⊥ロヱ⊥ギ⊥ら∇ハゅ∠プ
び
(So have Taqwa of Allah and obey me. Truly, Allah is my Lord and your Lord, so worship Him (Alone).) for I and you are equal in our servit ude, submission and humbleness t o Him,
ぴ
や∠グ⇒∠ワ
∀ヅ∠ゲ͡タ
∀ユΒ͡ボ∠わ∇ジぁョ
び
(This is t he st raight pat h.)
ぴ
べｚヨ∠ヤ∠プ
ｚザ∠ェ∠ぺ
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
⊥ユ⊥ヰ∇レ͡ョ
∠ゲ∇ヘ⊥ム∇ャや
∠メゅ∠ホ
∇リ∠ョ
ン͡ケゅ∠ダル∠ぺ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
͡ヮｚヤャや
∠メゅ∠ホ
∠ラヲぁΑ͡ケや∠ヲ∠エ∇ャや
⊥リ∇エ∠ル
⊥ケゅ∠ダ∇ル∠ぺ
͡ヮｚヤャや
ゅｚレ∠ョや∠￢
ャゅ͡よ
͡ヮｚヤ
∇ギ∠ヰ∇セや∠ヱ
ゅｚル∠ほ͡よ
∠ラヲ⊥ヨ͡ヤ∇ジ⊥ョ
-べ∠レｚよ∠ケ
ゅｚレ∠ョや∠￢
べ∠ヨ͡よ
∇ろ∠ャ∠ゴル∠ぺ
ゅ∠レ∇バ∠らｚゎや∠ヱ
∠メヲ⊥シｚゲャや
ゅ∠レ∇ら⊥わ∇ミゅ∠プ
∠ノ∠ョ
∠リΑ͡ギ͡ヰ⇒ｚゼャや
-∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ム∠ョ∠ヱ
∠ゲ∠ム∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
⊥ヮｚヤャや∠ヱ
⊥ゲ∇Β∠カ
∠リΑ͡ゲ͡ム⇒∠ヨ∇ャや
び
(52. Then when ` Isa came t o know of t heir disbelief, he said: "Who will be my helpers in Allah's cause'' Al-Hawariyyun said: "We are t he helpers of Allah; we believe in Allah, and bear wit ness t hat we are Muslims.'') (53. "Our Lord! We believe in what You have sent down, and we follow t he Messenger ` Isa ; so writ e us down among t hose who bear wit ness.'') (54. And t hey (disbelievers) plot t ed and Allah planned t oo. And Allah is t he Best of t hose who plot )
The Disciples Give Their Support to ` Isa
Allah said,
ぴ
べｚヨ∠ヤ∠プ
ｚザ∠ェ∠ぺ
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
び
(Then when ` Isa came t o know), meaning, ` Isa felt t hat t hey were adamant in disbelief and cont inuing in misguidance. He said t o t hem,
ぴ
∇リ∠ョ
ン͡ケゅ∠ダル∠ぺ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
͡ヮｚヤャや
び
(Who will be my helper in Allah's cause) Muj ahid comment ed, "Meaning, who would follow me t o Allah'' However, it appears t hat ` Isa was asking, "Who would help me convey t he Message of Allah''
The Prophet said during t he Haj j season, before t he Hij rah,
»
∇リ∠ョ
∀モ⊥ィ∠ケ
ヶ͡レΑ͡ヱ∇ぽ⊥Α
ヴｚわ∠ェ
∠ヒあヤ∠よ⊥ぺ
∠ュゅ∠ヤ∠ミ
∩∨ヶあよ∠ケ
ｚラ͡み∠プ
ゅ⇔ゼ∇Α∠ゲ⊥ホ
∇ギ∠ホ
ヶ͡ルヲ⊥バ∠レ∠ョ
∇ラ∠ぺ
∠ヒあヤ∠よ⊥ぺ
∠ュゅ∠ヤ∠ミ
ヶあよ∠ケ
«
(Who will give me asylum so t hat I can convey t he Speech of my Lord, for t he Quraysh have prevent ed me from conveying t he Speech of my Lord.) unt il he found t he Ansar. The Ansar helped t he Prophet and gave him refuge. He lat er migrat ed t o t hem, t hey comfort ed t he Prophet and prot ect ed him from all his enemies, may Allah be pleased wit h t hem all. This is similar t o what happened wit h ` Isa, for some of t he Children of Israel believed in him, gave him t heir aid and support and followed t he light t hat was sent wit h him. This is why Allah said about t hem;
ぴ
べｚヨ∠ヤ∠プ
ｚザ∠ェ∠ぺ
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
⊥ユ⊥ヰ∇レ͡ョ
∠ゲ∇ヘ⊥ム∇ャや
∠メゅ∠ホ
∇リ∠ョ
ン͡ケゅ∠ダル∠ぺ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
͡ヮｚヤャや
∠メゅ∠ホ
∠ラヲぁΑ͡ケや∠ヲ∠エ∇ャや
⊥リ∇エ∠ル
⊥ケゅ∠ダ∇ル∠ぺ
͡ヮｚヤャや
ゅｚレ∠ョや∠￢
͡ヮｚヤャゅ͡よ
∇ギ∠ヰ∇セや∠ヱ
ゅｚル∠ほ͡よ
∠ラヲ⊥ヨ͡ヤ∇ジ⊥ョ
-べ∠レｚよ∠ケ
ゅｚレ∠ョや∠￢
べ∠ヨ͡よ
∠ゴル∠ぺ
∇ろ∠ャ
ゅ∠レ∇バ∠らｚゎや∠ヱ
∠メヲ⊥シｚゲャや
ゅ∠レ∇ら⊥わ∇ミゅ∠プ
∠ノ∠ョ
∠リΑ͡ギ͡ヰ⇒ｚゼャや
び
(Al-Hawariyyun said: "We are t he helpers of Allah; we believe in Allah, and bear wit ness t hat we are Muslims. Our Lord! We believe in what You have sent down, and we follow t he Messenger; so writ e us down among t hose who bear wit ness.'') Hawari in Arabic - means ` support '. The Two Sahihs recorded t hat when t he Prophet encouraged t he people t o fight during t he bat t le of Al-Ahzab, Az-Zubayr came forward, and again, when t he Prophet asked for fight ers a second t ime. The Prophet said,
»
ｚラ͡ま
あモ⊥ム͡ャ
∠ヶ͡ら∠ル
∩ゅ６Α͡ケや∠ヲ∠ェ
ヶあΑ͡ケや∠ヲ∠ェ∠ヱ
ゲ∇Β∠よぁゴャや
«
Ibn Abi Hat im recorded t hat Ibn ` Abbas said about ,
ぴ
ゅ∠レ∇ら⊥わ∇ミゅ∠プ
∠ノ∠ョ
∠リΑ͡ギ͡ヰ⇒ｚゼャや
び
(so writ e us down among t hose who bear wit ness) "Meaning among t he Ummah of Muhammad.'' This Hadit h has a good chain of narrat ion
The Jews Plot to Kill ` Isa
Allah st at es t hat t he Children of Israel t ried t o kill ` Isa by conspiring t o defame him and crucify him. They complained about him t o t he king who was a disbeliever. They claimed t hat ` Isa was a man who misguided people, discouraged t hem from obeying t he king, caused division, and separat ed bet ween man and his own son. They also said ot her lies about ` Isa, which t hey will carry on t heir necks, including accusing him of being an illegit imat e son. The king became furious and sent his men t o capt ure ` Isa t o t ort ure and crucify him. When t hey surrounded ` Isa's home and he t hought t hat t hey would surely capt ure him, Allah saved him from t hem, raising him up from t he house t o heaven. Allah put t he image of ` Isa on a man who was in t he house; when t he unj ust people went in t he house while it was st ill dark, t hey t hought t hat he was ` Isa. They capt ured t hat man, humiliat ed and crucified him. They also placed t horns on his head. However, Allah deceived t hese people. He saved and raised His Prophet from t hem, leaving t hem in disarray in t he darkness of t heir t ransgression, t hinking t hat t hey had successfully achieved t heir goal. Allah made t heir heart s hard, and defiant of t he t rut h, disgracing t hem in such disgrace t hat it will remain wit h t hem unt il t he Day of Resurrect ion. This is why Allah said,
ぴ
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ム∠ョ∠ヱ
∠ゲ∠ム∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
⊥ヮｚヤャや∠ヱ
⊥ゲ∇Β∠カ
∠リΑ͡ゲ͡ム⇒∠ヨ∇ャや
び
(And t hey plot t ed, and Allah planned t oo. And Allah is t he Best of t hose who plot .)
ぴ
∇ク͡ま
∠メゅ∠ホ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
ヴ∠ジΒ͡バΑ
ヶあル͡ま
∠マΒあプ∠ヲ∠わ⊥ョ
∠マ⊥バ͡プや∠ケ∠ヱ
ｚヴ∠ャ͡ま
∠ポ⊥ゲあヰ∠ト⊥ョ∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
⊥モ͡ハゅ∠ィ∠ヱ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∠ポヲ⊥バ∠らｚゎや
∠ベ∇ヲ∠プ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
͡ュ∇ヲ∠Α
͡る∠ヨ⇒∠Β͡ボ∇ャや
ｚユ⊥を
ｚヶ∠ャ͡ま
∇ユ⊥ム⊥バ͡ィ∇ゲ∠ョ
⊥ユ⊥ム∇ェ∠ほ∠プ
∇ユ⊥ム∠レ∇Β∠よ
ゅ∠ヨΒ͡プ
∇ユ⊥わレ⊥ミ
͡ヮΒ͡プ
∠ラヲ⊥ヘ͡ヤ∠わ∇ガ∠ゎ
-ゅｚョ∠ほ∠プ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
∇ユ⊥ヰ⊥よあグ∠ハ⊥ほ∠プ
⇔ゅよや∠グ∠ハ
⇔やギΑ͡ギ∠セ
ヶ͡プ
ゅ∠Β∇ルぁギャや
ｘΙや∠ヱ
͡り∠ゲ͡カ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
リあョ
∠リΑ͡ゲ͡ダ⇒ｚル
-ゅｚョ∠ぺ∠ヱ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
やヲ⊥レ∠ョや∠￢
∇やヲ⊥ヤ͡ヨ∠ハ∠ヱ
͡れゅ∠エ͡ヤ⇒ｚダャや
∇ユ͡ヰΒあプ∠ヲ⊥Β∠プ
∇ユ⊥ワ∠ケヲ⊥ィ⊥ぺ
⊥ヮｚヤャや∠ヱ
∠Ι
ぁょ͡エ⊥Α
∠リΒ͡ヨ͡ヤ⇒ｚヌャや
-∠マ͡ャ∠ク
⊥ロヲ⊥ヤ∇わ∠ル
∠マ∇Β∠ヤ∠ハ
∠リ͡ョ
͡ろ⇒∠ΑΓや
͡ゲ∇ミあグャや∠ヱ
͡ユΒ͡ム∠エ∇ャや
び
t (55. And (remember) when Allah said: "O ` Isa! I will t ake you and raise you t o Myself and purify save you from t hose who disbelieve, and I will make t hose who follow you superior t o t hose who disbelieve t ill t he Day of Resurrect ion. Then you will ret urn t o Me and I will j udge bet ween you in t he mat t ers in which you used t o disput e.'' (56. "As t o t hose who disbelieve, I will punish t hem wit h severe t orment in t his world and in t he Hereaft er, and t hey will have no helpers.'') (57. And as for t hose who believe and do right eous good deeds, Allah will pay t hem t heir reward in full. And Allah does not like t he wrongdoers.) (58. This is what We recit e t o you of t he verses and t he Wise Reminder.)
Meaning of ` Take You
Allah said,
ぴ
ヶあル͡ま
∠マΒあプ∠ヲ∠わ⊥ョ
∠マ⊥バ͡プや∠ケ∠ヱ
ｚヴ∠ャ͡ま
び
(I will t ake you and raise you t o Myself) while you are asleep. Allah said in a similar Ayat ,
ぴ
∠ヲ⊥ワ∠ヱ
ン͡グｚャや
ユ⊥ム⇒ｚプ∠ヲ∠わ∠Α
͡モ∇Βｚャゅ͡よ
び
(It is He Who t akes your souls by night (when you are asleep).) 6:60 , and,
ぴ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
ヴｚプ∠ヲ∠わ∠Α
∠ザ⊥ヘルｘΙや
∠リΒ͡ェ
ゅ∠ヰ⇒͡ゎ∇ヲ͡ョ
ヴ͡わｚャや∠ヱ
∇ユ∠ャ
∇ろ⊥ヨ∠ゎ
ヴ͡プ
ゅ∠ヰ⇒͡ョゅ∠レ∠ョ
び
(It is Allah Who t akes away t he souls at t he t ime of t heir deat h, and t hose t hat die not during t heir sleep.) 39:42 .
The Messenger of Allah used t o recit e t he following words when he would awaken;
»
⊥ギ∇ヨ∠エ∇ャや
͡ぶ
ヵ͡グｚャや
ゅ∠ルゅ∠Β∇ェ∠ぺ
∠ギ∇バ∠よ
ゅ∠ョ
∩ゅ∠レ∠ゎゅ∠ョ∠ぺ
͡ヮ∇Β∠ャ͡ま∠ヱ
ケヲ⊥ゼぁレャや
«
(All t he t hanks are due t o Allah Who brought us back t o life aft er He had caused us t o die (sleep), and t he Ret urn is t o Him).
Allah said,
ぴ
∇ユ͡ワ͡ゲ∇ヘ⊥ム͡よ∠ヱ
∇ユ͡ヰ͡ャ∇ヲ∠ホ∠ヱ
ヴ∠ヤ∠ハ
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
⇔ゅレ⇒∠わ∇ヰ⊥よ
⇔ゅヨΒ͡ヌ∠ハ
∇ユ͡ヰ͡ャ∇ヲ∠ホ∠ヱ
ゅｚル͡ま
ゅ∠レ∇ヤ∠わ∠ホ
∠ウΒ͡ジ∠ヨ∇ャや
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
∠リ∇よや
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
∠メヲ⊥シ∠ケ
͡ヮｚヤャや
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ロヲ⊥ヤ∠わ∠ホ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ロヲ⊥ら∠ヤ∠タ
リ͡ム⇒∠ャ∠ヱ
∠ヮあら⊥セ
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
び
(And because of t heir disbelief and allegat ions against Maryam and because of t heir saying "We killed Al-Masih ` Isa, son of Maryam, t he Messenger of Allah, but t hey killed him not , nor crucified him, but it appeared t hat way t o t hem) unt il,
ぴ
∇ユ͡ヰ͡ャ∇ヲ∠ホ∠ヱ
ゅｚル͡ま
ゅ∠レ∇ヤ∠わ∠ホ
∠ウΒ͡ジ∠ヨ∇ャや
ヴ∠ジΒ͡ハ
∠リ∇よや
∠ユ∠Α∇ゲ∠ョ
∠ケ
∠メヲ⊥シ
͡ヮｚヤャや
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ロヲ⊥ヤ∠わ∠ホ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ロヲ⊥ら∠ヤ∠タ
リ͡ム⇒∠ャ∠ヱ
∠ヮあら⊥セ
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
ｚラ͡ま∠ヱ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヲ⊥ヘ∠ヤ∠わ∇カや
͡ヮΒ͡プ
ヴ͡ヘ∠ャ
ｙマ∠セ
⊥ヮ∇レあョ
ゅ∠ョ
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
͡ヮ͡よ
∇リ͡ョ
∃ユ∇ヤ͡ハ
ｚΙ͡ま
∠ネゅ∠らあゎや
あリｚヌャや
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
⊥ロヲ⊥ヤ∠わ∠ホ
⇔ゅレΒ͡ボ∠Α
-モ∠よ
⊥ヮ∠バ∠プｚケ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
͡ヮ∇Β∠ャ͡ま
∠ラゅ∠ミ∠ヱ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
⇔やゴΑ͡ゴ∠ハ
⇔ゅヨΒ͡ム∠ェ
び
ぴ
ラ͡ま∠ヱ
∇リあョ
͡モ∇ワ∠ぺ
͡ょ⇒∠わ͡ム∇ャや
ｚΙ͡ま
ｚリ∠レ͡ョ∇ぽ⊥Β∠ャ
͡ヮ͡よ
∠モ∇ら∠ホ
͡ヮ͡ゎ∇ヲ∠ョ
∠ュ∇ヲ∠Α∠ヱ
͡る∠ヨ⇒∠Β͡ボ∇ャや
⊥ラヲ⊥ム∠Α
∇ユ͡ヰ∇Β∠ヤ∠ハ
⇔やギΒ͡ヰ∠セ
び
(For surely; t hey killed him not But Allah raised him up unt o Himself. And Allah is Ever All-Powerful, All-Wise. And t here is none of t he people of t he Script ure (Jews and Christ ians) but must believe in him before his deat h. And on t he Day of Resurrect ion, he ` Isa will be a wit ness against t hem.) 4:156-159
` His deat h' refers t o ` Isa, and t he Ayah means t hat t he People of t he Book will believe in ` Isa, before ` Isa dies. This will occur when ` Isa comes back t o t his world before t he Day of Resurrect ion, as we will explain. By t hat t ime, all t he People of t he Book will believe in ` Isa, for he will annul t he Jizyah and he will only accept Islam from people. Ibn Abi Hat im recorded t hat Al-Hasan said t hat Allah's st at ement ,
ぴ
ヶあル͡ま
∠マΒあプ∠ヲ∠わ⊥ョ
び
(I will t ake you) is in reference t o sleep, for Allah raised ` Isa while he was asleep.
Altering the Religion of ` Isa
Allah said,
ぴ
∠ポ⊥ゲあヰ∠ト⊥ョ∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
び
(And purify save you from t hose who disbelieve) by raising you t o heaven,
ぴ
⊥モ͡ハゅ∠ィ∠ヱ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∠ポヲ⊥バ∠らｚゎや
∠ベ∇ヲ∠プ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
͡ュ∇ヲ∠Α
͡る∠ヨ⇒∠Β͡ボ∇ャや
び
(And I will make t hose who follow you superior t o t hose who disbelieve, t ill t he Day of Resurrect ion)
This is what happened. When Allah raised ` Isa t o heaven, his followers divided int o sect s and groups. Some of t hem believed in what Allah sent ` Isa as, a servant of Allah, His Messenger, and t he son of His female-servant .
However, some of t hem went t o t he ext reme over ` Isa, believing t hat he was t he son of Allah. Some of t hem said t hat ` Isa was Allah Himself, while ot hers said t hat he was one of a Trinit y. Allah ment ioned t hese false creeds in t he Qur'an and refut ed t hem. The Christ ians remained like t his unt il t he t hird cent ury CE, when a Greek king called, Const ant ine, became a Christ ian for t he purpose of dest roying Christ ianit y. Const ant ine was eit her a philosopher, or he was j ust plain ignorant . Const ant ine changed t he religion of ` Isa by adding t o it and delet ing from it . He est ablished t he rit uals of Christ ianit y and t he so-called Great Trust , which is in fact t he Great Treachery. He also allowed t hem t o eat t he meat of swine, changed t he direct ion of t he prayer t hat ` Isa est ablished t o t he east , built churches for ` Isa, and added t en days t o t he fast as compensat ion for a sin t hat he commit t ed, as claimed. So t he religion of ` Isa became t he religion of Const ant ine, who built more t hen t welve t housand churches, t emples and monast eries for t he Christ ians as well as t he cit y t hat bears his name, Const ant inople (Ist anbul). Throughout t his t ime, t he Christ ians had t he upper hand and dominat ed t he Jews. Allah aided t hem against t he Jews because t hey used t o be closer t o t he t rut h t han t he Jews, even t hough bot h groups were and st ill are disbelievers, may Allah's curse descend on t hem. When Allah sent Muhammad , t hose who believed in him also believed in Allah, His Angels, Books and Messengers in t he correct manner. So t hey were t he t rue followers of every Prophet who came t o eart h. They believed in t he unlet t ered Prophet , t he Final Messenger and t he mast er of all mankind, who called t hem t o believe in t he t rut h in it s ent iret y. This is why t hey had more right t o every Prophet t han his own nat ion, especially t hose who claim t o follow t heir Prophet 's way and religion, yet change and alt er his religion. Furt hermore, Allah abrogat ed all t he laws t hat were sent down t o t he Prophet s wit h t he Law He sent Muhammad wit h, which
consist s of t he t rue religion t hat shall never change or be alt ered unt il t he commencement of t he Last Hour. Muhammad's religion shall always be dominant and vict orious over all ot her religions. This is why Allah allowed Muslims t o conquer t he east ern and west ern part s of t he world and t he kingdoms of t he eart h. Furt hermore, all count ries submit t ed t o t hem; t hey demolished Kisra (king of Persia) and dest royed t he Czar, ridding t hem of t heir t reasures and spending t hese t reasures for Allah's sake. All t his occurred j ust as t heir Prophet t old t hem it would, when he conveyed Allah's st at ement ,
ぴ
∠ヱ
∠ギ∠ハ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヲ⊥レ∠ョや￢
∇ユ⊥ム∇レ͡ョ
∇やヲ⊥ヤ͡ヨ∠ハ∠ヱ
͡れゅ∠エ͡ヤ⇒ｚダャや
∇ユ⊥ヰｚレ∠ヘ͡ヤ∇ガ∠わ∇ジ∠Β∠ャ
ヴ͡プ
͡チ∇ケ∇Ιや
ゅ∠ヨ∠ミ
∠ブ∠ヤ∇ガ∠わ∇シや
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
リ͡ョ
∇ユ͡ヰ͡ヤ∇ら∠ホ
ｚリ∠レ∂ム∠ヨ⊥Β∠ャ∠ヱ
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
⊥ユ⊥ヰ∠レΑ͡キ
ン͡グｚャや
ヴ∠ツ∠ゎ∇ケや
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
∇ユ⊥ヰｚレ∠ャ∂ギ∠ら⊥Β∠ャ∠ヱ
リ∂ョ
͡ギ∇バ∠よ
∇ユ͡ヰ͡プ∇ヲ∠カ
⇔ゅレ∇ョ∠ぺ
∇バ∠Α
ヴ͡レ∠ルヱ⊥ギ⊥ら
∠Ι
∠ラヲ⊥ミ͡ゲ∇ゼ⊥Α
ヴ͡よ
⇔ゅゃ∇Β∠セ
び
(Allah has promised t hose among you who believe and do right eous good deeds, t hat He will cert ainly grant t hem succession in t he land, as He grant ed it t o t hose before t hem, and t hat He will grant t hem t he aut horit y t o pract ice t heir religion which He has chosen for t hem. And He will surely give t hem in exchange a safe securit y aft er t heir fear (provided) t hey worship Me and do not associat e anyt hing wit h Me.) 24:55 .
Therefore, Muslims are t he t rue believers in ` Isa. The Muslims t hen acquired Ash-Sham from t he Christ ians, causing t hem t o evacuat e t o Asia Minor, t o t heir fort ified cit y in Const ant inople. The Muslims will be above t hem unt il t he Day of Resurrect ion. Indeed, he, Muhammad , who is t rut hful and who received t he t rue news, has conveyed t o Muslims t hat t hey will conquer Const ant inople in t he fut ure, and seize it s t reasures.
Threatening the Disbelievers with Torment in This Life and the
Hereafter
Allah said,ぴ
∇ク͡ま
∠メゅ∠ホ
⊥ヮｚヤャや
ヴ∠ジΒ͡バΑ
ヶあル͡ま
∠マΒあプ∠ヲ∠わ⊥ョ
∠マ⊥バ͡プや∠ケ∠ヱ
ｚヴ∠ャ͡ま
∠ポ⊥ゲあヰ∠ト⊥ョ∠ヱ
∠リ͡ョ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
⊥モ͡ハゅ∠ィ∠ヱ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∠ポヲ⊥バ∠らｚゎや
∠ベ∇ヲ∠プ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
ヴ∠ャ͡ま
͡ュ∇ヲ∠Α
͡る∠ヨ⇒∠Β͡ボ∇ャや
ｚユ⊥を
ｚヶ∠ャ͡ま
∇ユ⊥ム⊥バ͡ィ∇ゲ∠ョ
⊥ユ⊥ム∇ェ∠ほ∠プ
∇ユ⊥ム∠レ∇Β∠よ
ゅ∠ヨΒ͡プ
∇ユ⊥わレ⊥ミ
͡ヮΒ͡プ
∠ラヲ⊥ヘ͡ヤ∠わ∇ガ∠ゎ
-ゅｚョ∠ほ∠プ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
∇やヱ⊥ゲ∠ヘ∠ミ
∇ユ⊥ヰ⊥よあグ∠ハ⊥ほ∠プ
⇔ゅよや∠グ∠ハ
⇔やギΑ͡ギ∠セ
ヶ͡プ
ゅ∠Β∇ルぁギャや
͡り∠ゲ͡カｘΙや∠ヱ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
∇ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
リあョ
∠リΑ͡ゲ͡ダ⇒ｚル
び
(And I will make t hose who follow you superior t o t hose who disbelieve t ill t he Day of Resurrect ion. Then you will ret urn t o Me and I will j udge bet ween you in t he mat t ers in which you used t o disput e. As t o t hose who disbelieve, I will punish t hem wit h a severe t orment in t his world and in t he Hereaft er, and t hey will have no helpers.)
This is what Allah did t o t he Jews who disbelieved in ` Isa and t he Christ ians who went t o t he ext reme over him. Allah t orment ed t hem in t his life; t hey were killed, capt ured, and lost t heir wealt h and kingdoms. Their t orment in t he Hereaft er is even worse and more severe,
ぴ
ゅ∠ョ∠ヱ
ユ⊥ヰ∠ャ
∠リあョ
͡ヮｚヤャや
リ͡ョ
∃ベや∠ヱ
び
(And t hey have no Waq (defender or prot ect or) against Allah) 13:34 .
ぴ
ゅｚョ∠ぺ∠ヱ
∠リΑ͡グｚャや
やヲ⊥レ∠ョや∠￢
∇やヲ⊥ヤ͡ヨ∠ハ∠ヱ
͡れゅ∠エ͡ヤ⇒ｚダャや
∇ユ͡ヰΒあプ∠ヲ⊥Β∠プ
∇ユ⊥ワ∠ケヲ⊥ィ⊥ぺ
び
(And as for t hose who believe and do right eous good deeds, Allah will pay t hem t heir reward in full) in t his life, wit h vict ory and dominat ion, and in t he Hereaft er, wit h Paradise and high grades,
ぴ
⊥ヮｚヤャや∠ヱ
∠Ι
ぁょ͡エ⊥Α
∠リΒ͡ヨ͡ヤ⇒ｚヌャや
び
(And Allah does not like t he wrongdoers.) Allah t hen said,
ぴ
∠マ͡ャ∠ク
⊥ロヲ⊥ヤ∇わ∠ル
∠ハ
∠マ∇Β∠ヤ
∠リ͡ョ
͡ろ⇒∠ΑΓや
͡ゲ∇ミあグャや∠ヱ
͡ユΒ͡ム∠エ∇ャや
び
(This is what We recit e t o you of t he verses and t he Wise Reminder.) meaning, "What We narrat ed t o you, O Muhammd, regarding ` Isa, his birt h and his life, is what Allah conveyed and revealed t o you, sent down from t he Al-Lawh Al-Mahfuz (The Preserved Tablet ). So t here is no doubt in it . Similarly, Allah said in Surah Maryam;
