地方公共交通分野へのソーシャル・インパクト・ボンドの導入可能性と運用スキームの提案

 ͺͣΌͶ

 ݜڂ͹ഐܢ ऀճద՟ୌ͕Γ;ࡔ੕ෝ୴͹؏఼͖Δɾஏ๏෨Ͷ͕͜ Ζި௪γʖϑη͹࣯͹޴৏ͳߨ੕αηφ͹ࡡݰΝಋ࣎Ͷ ୣ੔ͤΖ͞ͳͺɾਕ޳ݰঙ͕Γ;߶ྺԿ͹਒ఴ͗ஸ͢͏ ࠅ಼Ͷ͕͏ͱ٦ە͹੕ࡨ՟ୌͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽ ϠʖνϨκʖεϥϱ͹਒ఴͶ൒͏ɾஏ๏Ͷ͕͏ͱరಕ ͺ༁ 8 ׄɾ৒߻ώηͺ຿ؔࣆۂं͹༁ 7 ׄɾޮӨࣆۂं ͹༁ 9 ׄ͗੼࣊ܨӨͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζ1ʥ_{ɽ෈ࡀࢋ࿑ત͹ݰส} Ώक़ঘ΍਒ΞͲ͕Εɾώη࿑તͺ 2006 ೧͖Δ 2015 ೧Ή ͲͲ 16,107kmʤસର͹ 3.9%ʥ͗ഉࢯ͠Ηͪɽ రಕΏ৒߻ώη࿑ત͹ഉࢯΏݰสͶΓΖे຿ਫ਼׈Ͷଲ ͤΖӪڻ΃͹ଲԢͳ͢ͱɾ࣑ࣙରͺେ଺ώηɾαϝϣω τΡώηΏ৒߻νέεʖɾυϜϱχώηɾυϜϱχܗ৒ ߻νέεʖ౵͹ӣߨΝึঁ͢ͱͪ͘ɽ͖͢͢͵͗Δɾ಍ ೘͠Ηͪେ଺ώηΏαϝϣωτΡώηͺචͥ͢΍੔ޯ ྭͻ͖Εͳͺ͏͓ͥɾཤ༽ं͗͘ΚΌͱঙ͵͏ࣆྭ΍ ଡ͏ɽ ీ஦ʤ2009ʥͺɾʰޮڠި௪Νෳࢳخ൭ͳͳΔ͓Ζ͵

ஏ๏ޮڠި௪෾໼΃͹λʖεϡϩʀ΢ϱϏέφʀϚϱχ͹

಍೘Ն೵੓ͳӣ༽ηΫʖϞ͹఑Ҍ

Possibility of Applying Social Impact Bonds and a Proposed Scheme for Public Transportation in

Sparsely Populated Areas of Japan

Ӷ౽ɻ඿࢛ *

Akifumi ETO*

Abstract: This study aims to illustrate the potential of Social Impact Bonds (SIB)—a strategy in which private investors fund

implementation and receive a return on investment from a government payer—using public transportation as an example. SIB was introduced in two Japanese cities, Kobe and Hachioji. In both places, a survey was conducted by the Social Impact Investment Foundation, which was involved in the formation of SIB as an intermediate support organization.

Based on the survey, it was inferred that the introduction of SIB in the public transport sector is necessary for the following reasons: feasibility of SIB, expansion potential of the SIB market, and high relevance of SIB to the administration. It was found that the intermediate support organization mainly helped in the formation and introduction of SIB. It was also understood that administrative support is necessary at an unprecedented stage of introduction.

Consequently, evaluation indicators and reduction targets were set for each target project, and a scheme was proposed for community-based transport services.

Keywords: Public Transportation, Social Impact Investment, Public-Private Partnership, Payment by Results, Social Impact

Bonds, Sparsely Populated Areas

Ϋʖϭʖχʁ ޮڠި௪ɾऀճద΢ϱϏέφ౦ࣁɾׯ຿࿊ܠɾ੔Վๅृܗܘ༁ɾλʖεϡϩʀ΢ϱϏέφʀϚϱχɾգ ૆ஏҮ ΔͻɾҲఈ͹ި௪γʖϑηΝ఑ڛͲ͘ͱ͓͠͏Ηͻɾච ͥ͢΍ࡀࢋ੓͗ྒྷ͚͵͜Ηͻ͵Δ͵͏චགྷͺ͵͏ʱͳ͢ ͪ৏ͲɾʰṩയͤΖࡔ੕য়ڱԾͲͺɾգౕ͵ܨඇࢩड़ͺ ݳࣰదͶ෈Ն೵Ͳɾʤ஦ྲྀʥಋͣγʖϑη಼༲ͲΓΕܨ ࡃద͵๏๑ɾ΍͚͢ͺಋͣࢩड़Ͳ΍ΓΕްՎద͵γʖϑ ηΝڛڇͤΖ๏๑ΝໝࡩͤΖ͞ͳ͗،གྷ2ʥ_{ʱͳࢨఢ͢ͱ} ͏Ζɽ ஏҮި௪͹์͓Ζ՟ୌͳ͢ͱɾ৒ٮ͗ݰΖ͞ͳͶΓΖ ӣ௠फ೘͹ݰঙɾफ೘ݰͶଲԢͪ͢ܨඇࡡݰ͗ӣߨළౕ ౵͹γʖϑη͹ఁԾΝড͘ɾͨ͹݃Վɾ͠ΔͶ৒ٮ͗ݰ ঙͤΖͳ͏͑ෝ͹ηϏ΢ϧϩͶؗͮͱ͏Ζ࿑ત͗ଡ͏͞ ͳ͗ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ3ʥ_ɽ 2008 ೧ΝϒʖέͶɾસࠅద͖ͯௗغద͵ਕ޳ݰঙ͗ ݡࠒΉΗΖ஦ɾஏ๏ި௪Ν؜΋ޮڠγʖϑη෾໼Ͷ͕͏ ͱɾ࣯͹߶͏γʖϑη͹֋൅ͳ಍೘ͺࠕޛΉͤΉͤͨ͹ ॑གྷౕΝ߶Όͱ͏Ζͳ͏͓Ζɽ ͨ͑ͪ͢஦Ͳɾߨ੕αηφΝཊ͓͵͗ΔɾҢಊ͹࣯Ν ң࣍͵͏͢޴৏ͦ͠ͱ͏Ζࣆྭ΍͍Ζɽ Ҳྭͳ͢ͱɾښ୰ޛࢤͶ͕͏ͱஏݫ NPO ͗कରͳ͵ ΕӣӨͤΖʰ͓͠͠߻͏ި௪ʱͲͺɾे຿༙͗ঊͲχϧ

˛࿨ช

* ਈރ୉ָ୉ָӅ೸ָݜڂՌ

΢ώʖΝ୴͏ɾࣙՊ༽ऄΝ༽͏ͪҢૻγʖϑηΝ఑ڛ͢ ͱ͕ΕɾχΠςʖχΠɾଊ࣎ഓऄΝࣰݳ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹ ࣆྭͲͺɾνέεʖΏ࿑તώη͹భୂͪ͢ΦϨΠͶ͕͏ ͱɾνέεʖ͹ൔֻఖౕͲཤ༽Ն೵͵ཤส੓͹߶͏Ңૻ γʖϑηΝޮదࣁۜͶғଚͤΖ͞ͳ͵͚఑ڛ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ ͑ͪ͢͞खૌͺɾӣߨ؇ཀྵΝ୴͑஄ର͹େනंΏૻܶ ͶڢྙͤΖஏݫे຿͹ϚϧϱνϨʖ͵߫ݛͶࢩ͓ΔΗͱ ͏Ζͳ͞Θ΍୉͘͏͗ɾࢤෝ୴ֻΝཊ͓͵͗Δॊ઴ΓΕ ཤส੓͹߶͏γʖϑηΝࣰݳ͢ͱ͏Ζ఼Ͳ඲ՃͲ͘Ζɽ સࠅద͵՟ୌ͹մ݀ͳ͢ͱɾҢಊͶ͕͜Ζ࣯͹޴৏ͳ ߨ੕αηφ͹ࡡݰΝಋ࣎Ͷ໪ࢨͤ৏Ͳͺɾ͑ͪ͢͞ࣆ ྭΏ઎਒ద͵खૌΝଠஏҮͲ΍ࣰࢬͤΖࢻ఼͗ٽΌΔ ΗΖɽ ͖͢͢͵͗Δɾ઎਒ద͵खૌͲ͍Ηͻ͍ΖΆʹɾ͞Η ΉͲ಍೘ྭ͗ঙ͵͚ɾ಍೘ޛ͹੔ՎΝฯৄͤΖΓ͑͵ࣰ ੹͗ଡ͚͵͏ͪΌɾγʖϑη͹಍೘͗ேકద͵੓࣯Νଵ ;Ώͤ͏ɽͨ͑ͪࣨ͢ഌ͹ϨηέΝ༙ͤΖɾΓΕ࣯͹߶ ͏ި௪γʖϑη͹಍೘Νߨ੕क಍ͲࣰࢬͤΖ͹ͺɾࣆۂ ͹੓࣯৏ೋ͚͢ɾࢧ͑Γ͑Ͷ߁͗Δ͵͏ݳয়Ͷ͍Ζɽ ͨ͞ͲຌݜڂͲͺɾ઎਒ద͵खૌ͹ଠஏҮ΃͹ఴ֋Ν ੷ۅదͶଇͤͪΌ͹੕ࡨదଲԢͶͯ͏ͱɾΓΕ۫ରదͶ ͺɾஏ๏෨Ͷ͕͜Ζޮڠި௪෾໼΃͹λʖεϡϩʀ΢ϱ ϏέφʀϚϱχʤSocial Impact BondsɾҐԾ SIBʥ͹಍ ೘Ն೵੓Ͷͯ͏ͱݗ౾ͤΖɽ SIB Ͷͯ͏ͱͺޛͶ৆फ़ͤΖ͗ɾ࣑ࣙର͗੕ࡨܨඇΝ ࢘͑͞ͳ͵͚ɾ઎਒ద͵ࣆۂͶखૌ΋͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ɾঙ͵ ͏ϨηέͲࡔ੕ࢩड़͹ࡡݰΏްིద͵ޮڠγʖϑη͹఑ ڛ͗Ն೵Ͷ͵Ζ͚͢Ίͳ͢ͱۛ೧ࠅ಼Ͳ΍غଶ͗߶Ήͮ ͱ͏Ζघ๑͹ҲͯͲ͍Ζɽ  ໪ద ຌݜڂͲͺɾࠅ಼Ͷ͕͜Ζ SIB ͹಍೘ࣆྭΝଲেͳ ͪ͢ซ͘खΕ௒ࠬͶخͰ͘ɾʤ1ʥSIB ͹಍೘ͶࢺΖܨҤ Ώϕϫιηɾʤ2ʥ඲ՃࢨඬΏࡡݰ໪ඬ͹અఈͶؖͤΖη τʖέϙϩξʖؔͲ͹߻қܙ੔գఖΝ໎Δ͖ͶͤΖɽ ͨ͹৏Ͳɾஏ๏ޮڠި௪෾໼΃͹಍೘Νݗ౾ͤΖ৏Ͳ ࠂෲͤ΄͘՟ୌͶͯ͏ͱߡࡱͤΖɽ ಋ࣎Ͷɾஏ๏ޮڠި௪෾໼Ͳ͹ࣆྭ෾ੵͶخͰ͘ɾ SIB ͹಍೘Ͷ޴ͪ͜ӣ༽ηΫʖϞ͹఑ҌͶͯ͵͝Ζ͞ͳ Ν໪ࢨͤɽ

 ຌݜڂ͹Ғ஖Ͱ͜

 ஏ๏ޮڠި௪ͶؖͤΖ͞ΗΉͲ͹٠࿨  ஦ࢃؔஏҮͶ͕͜Ζਫ਼׈ި௪͹՟ୌͳଲԢ రಕΏ৒߻ώη࿑ત͹ഉࢯΏݰสͶΓΖे຿ਫ਼׈Ͷଲ ͤΖӪڻ΃͹ଲԢͳ͢ͱɾ࣑ࣙରͺେ଺ώηɾαϝϣω τΡώηΏ৒߻νέεʖɾυϜϱχώηɾυϜϱχܗ৒ ߻νέεʖ౵͹ӣߨΝึঁ͢ͱͪ͘ɽഉࢯ࿑તͳಋਭ६ ͹γʖϑηΝ຿ؔώηࣆۂंͶӣߨҗ୙ͤΖେ଺ώηͶ ଲ͢ͱɾୱ͵Ζώη࿑ત͹ң࣍ͫ͜Ͳͺ͵͚ɾ੷ۅదͶ รߍΝՅ͓ɾफࢩིΝրવͤΖͳͳ΍Ͷɾཤส੓͹޴ ৏Ν໪ࢨͪ͢͹͗αϝϣωτΡώηΏ৒߻νέεʖͲ ͍Ζɽ αϝϣωτΡώηͲͺɾ࿑તΏӣߨ࣎ؔɾӣߨළౕ౵ ͗ݡ௜͠ΗΖ͞ͳ͗ଡ͏͗ɾ͞Ηͺعଚ͹ϩʖφΏ࣎ ؔɾώηం͹Ғ஖͗ཤ༽ं͹ωʖθͶ߻Κ͵͏ͳ͏͑՟ ୌ΃͹ଲԢͲ͍Ζ͢ɾώηऄྈΓΕঘܗ͹৒߻νέεʖ ͹಍೘ͺɾཤ༽ं਼͹ݰঙΝߡྂͪ݃͢ՎͲ͍Ζɽ ΉͪɾಝͶ஦ࢃؔஏҮ͹Γ͑͵ऩགྷືౕ͹ఁ͏ஏҮͶ ͕͏ͱɾӣߨܨඇ͹͠Δ͵ΖઇݰΝةਦͪ͢ӣߨܙସͳ ͢ͱɾཤ༽ं͹චགྷͳͤΖ৖߻Ͷ͹ΊӣߨͤΖ͹͗ɾυ ϜϱχώηΏυϜϱχܗ৒߻νέεʖͲ͍Ζɽ ͞ΗΔυϜϱχܗި௪ͺɾஏݫ͹νέεʖࣆۂंΏ؏ ޭώηࣆۂं౵ͶӣߨΝҗ୙ͤΖ৖߻͗ଡ͏ɽؖ࿊ͪ͢ ଲԢࢬࡨͶɾҲఈ͹ড়݇Νຮͪͤި௪ओंΝଲেͶɾν έεʖοίρφΝഓාͤΖ৖߻΍͍Ζ͗ɾυϜϱχܗި ௪Ͷ͕͏ͱɾଡ͚͹৖߻ɾӣߨܨඇΝӣ௠फ೘Ͳ࿭͓ͱ ͕Δͥ4ʥ_{ɾνέεʖοίρφ͹ഓාͳಋ༹ͶɾӣߨͶͺ} ࣑ࣙର͖Δ͹ึঁ͖ۜ͗ܿͦ͵͏ɽ αϝϣωτΡώη͹಍೘ϕϫιηͳ࣑ࣙରؔഀٶΝߡ ࡱͪ͢ݜڂͲͺɾαϝϣωτΡώη͹સࠅ΃͹ഀٶͶ͕ ͏ͱ෤଄໼ࢤ͹ʰϞʖώηʱ͗઎਒ࣆྭͳ͢ͱ͹Ϡυϩ దༀׄΝՎͪͪ͢͞ͳΝࢨఢ͢ɾଠஏҮ΃͹ఴ֋Ͷͯ͏ ͱɾஏҮ؂ڧ͹ࠫҡΝॉ෾Ͷݗ౾͢͵͏ΉΉ಍೘͢ͱ΍ қັ͗͵͏͞ͳ͗ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ5ʥ_{ɽ͞͹఼͖Δ΍ɾ͖} ͪͬͫ͜Νໝͪ͢಍೘ʀఴ֋Ͳͺ͵͚ɾ಍೘ޛ͹੔ՎͶ ΠϕϫʖοͤΖࢻ఼͗ٽΌΔΗͱ͏Ζͳ͏͓Ζɽ  ஏ๏ޮڠި௪ͶؖͤΖ઎ߨݜڂ͹Ϫϑϣʖ ஏ๏෨Ͷ͕͜ΖଏʤϠϑϨτΡʥ͹֮ฯͶؖͤΖ໲ୌ ͺɾ͞ΗΉͲ੕ࡨద٠࿨ͶՅ͓ͱɾݜڂͳ͢ͱ΍ި௪ܯ ժΏ౐ࢤܯժɾި௪ܨࡃɾި௪ݘɾਫ਼׈ࢩԋΏෳࢳɾౖ ஏཤ༽ɾஏҮ׈੓Կͳɾ෱߁͏෾໼ͲָࡏదͶखૌΉΗ ͱ͏Ζɽ ஦Ͳ΍ɾͳΕΚ͜ऩགྷືౕ͹ఁ͏஦ࢃؔஏҮ͹ޮڠި ௪ͶؖͤΖ઎ߨݜڂͳ͢ͱɾీ஦ͺɾஏҮ͹ਫ਼׈ި௪Ν ੔ޯͦ͠Ζ৏Ͳචགྷ෈Նܿ͵఼ͳ͢ͱɾ͍Δ͖ͣΌे຿ ͹ωʖθΝ໘ືͶ௒ࠬͤΖ͞ͳͳɾͨ͹৏Ͳ௒ࠬͶخͰ ͚ऩགྷྖΏஏҮಝ੓Ν΀Ή͓ͱި௪ରܧΝߑ஛ͤΖ͞ͳ ͹ 2 ఼Νࢨఢ͢ͱ͏Ζ2ʥ_ɽ ͨ͹஦Ͳɾཤ༽ं͖Δ͹س๮ͶԢͣͱࣙՊ༽ऄΝॶ༙ ͤΖे຿͗ૻܶͤΖʰࣙՊ༽༙ঊྃٮӣૻʱͺɾʰे຿

͹ڢྙΝ΍ͳͶ੔Εཱིͮͱ͏Ζ͞͹εητϞͺɾ΍ͺΏ ޮڠި௪ؽؖͳݡ͵ͤ͞ͳͺೋ͢͏ɽଠ͹େ଺ި௪घஊ ͹મ୔ࢸ͗ਜͪ͘ࡏͶߡ͓ΔΗ͑Ζ࠹ޛ͹घஊ2ʥ_ʱͳҒ ஖Ͱ͜ΔΗͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹ࢨఢ͖Δ 10 ೧͹ࡂ݆Νܨͪݳ ࡑɾ࠹ޛ͹घஊͲ͍ͮͪʰࣙՊ༽༙ঊྃٮӣૻʱͺɾ಼ ֵැ͹າཔ౦ࣁճ٠ͶΓΖʰ੔ௗકྲࣰྀߨܯժ6ʥ_ʱͶ͕ ͏ͱ੔ௗકྲྀ͹ 1 ͯͶҒ஖Ͱ͜ΔΗɾ੷ۅద͵׈༽͗ໝ ࡩ͠Ηͱ͏Ζͳ͞ΘͲ͍Εɾ՟ୌ͹਄ࠃ͗͠Ҳ૜ଁ͢ͱ ͏Ζ͞ͳΝ෼ޢͮͱ͏Ζɽ ؖ࿊͢ͱɾࠅౖި௪঴͹൅ߨͤΖʰࣙՊ༽༙ঊྃٮӣ ૻύϱχϔρέ7ʥ_{ʱ಼Ͳͺɾ৏ى͹Ңಊωʖθ͹೼ѴͶ} Յ͓ͱɾஏҮ಼͹ި௪ࣆۂंΏे຿ؔ͹߻қܙ੔Ͷؖͤ Ζघକ͘Ώཻқ఼͗ࣖ͠Ηͱ͕Εɾড়݇Ώ਒Ό๏ɾ੏ౕ ͳ͹ؖΚΕͶͯ͏ͱҲఈ͹੖ཀྵ͗͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ ͖͢͢͵͗Δɾғષͳ͢ͱި௪͹෈ส͵ஏҮͲखૌ͗ ֨͗Δ͵͏͞ͳ͗՟ୌͳ͢ͱ͍Εɾ಍೘Ͷ޴͜ͱචགྷͳ ͵Ζɾ৏फ़͹ஏҮͲ͹ର੏ߑ஛Ώ߻қܙ੔౵Ν੷ۅదͶ ଇ͚ͤ͢Ί͗͵͏͞ͳ࣯͗͹߶͏γʖϑη͹෕ٶΝ૏Ξ Ͳ͏Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɽ ͤ͵Κͬɾ಍೘ͶΓΕޮదࣁۜ͹ࡡݰ͗ݡࠒΌɾ͖ͯ ࣯͹߶͏ૻܶΝ఑ڛͤΖγʖϑηͲ͍ͮͱ΍ɾͨ͹γʖ ϑηΝ಍೘ͤΖͪΌ͹ܨࡃద΢ϱιϱτΡϔΏಊؽ͗͵ ͏͞ͳ͗ଠஏҮఴ֋Ͷ͕͜Ζ՟ୌͲ͍Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖ ͗ɾͨ͑ͪ͢ࢻ఼Ͷཱིͬɾఴ֋ΝଇͤͪΌ͹۫ରదघ๑ Ͷݶٶͪ͢ݜڂͺ͵͏ɽͳΕΚࣙ͜Պ༽༙ঊྃٮӣૻ ͺɾ઴फ़ͪ͢Γ͑Ͷ੔ௗકྲྀ͹ 1 ͯͶҒ஖Ͱ͜ΔΗͱ͕ Εɾؖ࿊ͤΖ๑੏ౕ͹੖ඍΝ઴఑Ͷͨ͹׈༽ͶΉͤΉͤ غଶ͗߶Ήͮͱ͏Ζͳ͞ΘͲ͍Ζ͗ɾ۫ରదଲԢͶؖͤ Ζݶٶͺ͵͏ΉΉͲ͍Εɾఴ֋ʀ෕ٶͶ޴ͪ͜๏ࡨ͹఑ ࣖͺࠅࡨదͶ΍གྷ੧͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ  6,% ͶؖͤΖ͞ΗΉͲ͹٠࿨  6,% ͹֕གྷ ʤ1ʥSIB ͹͚͢Ίͳಝ௅ SIB Ͷؖ͢ͱͺɾ͞ΗΉͲָढ़దͶ͍ΉΕ٠࿨͠Ηͱ ͏͵͏ɽͨ͹ͪΌɾ͞͞ͲͺɾSIB ͹֕གྷͶͯ͏ͱΉͥ ৰΗͱ͖Δɾͨ͹ޛͶؖ࿊ͤΖ઎ߨݜڂΝ੖ཀྵͤΖɽ SIB ͳͺɾׯ຿࿊ܠ͹ࣁۜ௒ୣघ๑Ͳɾʰऀճద΢ϱ Ϗέφ౦ࣁʱ͹ 1 ͯͲ͍Ζɽ ऀճద΢ϱϏέφ౦ࣁͳͺɾऀճ໚ʀ؂ڧ໚Ͳ͹՟ୌ մ݀ΝਦΖͳͳ΍Ͷɾܨࡃద͵ཤӻΝ௧ٽͤΖ౦ࣁߨಊ ͹͞ͳͲɾݳେࣁຌकٝͶଲͤΖثؽ״ΝഐܢͶɾऀճ ద՟ୌΝմ݀ͤΖݬಊྙͳ͢ͱغଶ͗߶Ήͮͱ͏Ζɽ SIB Ͷݶٶ͢ͱ͏Ζ಼ֵැ͹ๅࠄॽ8ʥ_{Ͳͺɾʰऀճద} ةۂ͹ࣆۂ͗ਫ਼΋ऀճదްՎʤޮڠαηφ͹ࡡݰֻ౵ʥ Ν඲Ճ͢ɾ౦ࣁΝͪ͢ं΃͹Ϩνʖϱͳ͢ͱߨ੕ඇ༽ ͹ࡡݰֻͶཤଋΝ෉͜ͱࢩ෹͚͑͢Ίʱͳઈ໎͠ΗΖ ʤFig. 1ʥɽ

PPPʤPublic-Private PartnershipʥΏ PFIʤPrivate Finance Initiativeʥ౵ɾޮӻద੓֪Ν࣍ͯࣆۂͶؖΚΖׯ຿࿊ܠ Ͳ͹ࣁۜ௒ୣ͹๏๑ͺ͞ΗΉͲ΍ΊΔΗͪ͗ɾSIB ͺ੔ ՎๅृܗʤPayment by ResultsʥͳݼͻΗΖ੔Վकٝ͗خ ຌͳ͵ͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗ɾॊཔ͹͚͢Ίͳҡ͵Ζಝ௅Ͳ ͍Ζɽ SIB ͹͚͢ΊͲͺɾߨ੕γʖϑηΝ຿ؔ͹ NPO Ώة ۂͶҗ୙͢ɾ຿ؔ͹ࣁۜ఑ڛं͖Δ௒ୣͪ͢ࣁۜΝخͶ ࣆۂΝࣰࢬ͢ɾࣆۂ͗༩Ό߻қͪ͢੔Վʤࡡݰ໪ඬʥΝ ୣ੔ͪ͢৖߻Ͷ͹Ίߨ੕͖Δࣁۜ఑ڛंͶๅृ͗ࢩ෹Κ ΗΖɽ຿ؔࣁۜͶΓͮͱऀճదαηφΝࡡݰͤΖࣆۂ͗ ࣰࢬͲ͘Ηͻɾߨ੕αηφ΍ࡡݰ͠ΗΖ͓͑ɾࣁۜ఑ڛ ं͗ϨνʖϱΝण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ ࣆ઴Ͷઅఈ͠Ηͪ໪ඬ͗ୣ੔͠Η͵͏৖߻ɾߨ੕͖Δ ࣁۜ఑ڛं΃͹ࢩ෹͏ͺ൅ਫ਼͢͵͏ɽͨ͹ͪΌɾߨ੕γ ʖϑη͹ްՎͶؖΚΖϨηέΝɾߨ੕͖Δ౦ࣁՊͶҢ఺ ͤΖ͚͢ΊͲ͍Ζͳ΍͏͓Ζɽ ʤ2ʥSIB ͹ӣ༽ର੏ କ͏ͱɾSIB ͹ӣ༽ର੏Ν Fig. 2 Ͷࣖͤɽߑଆͳ͢ͱ ͺɾߨ੕ͳγʖϑηࣰࢬकରʤࣆۂंʥ͹͍͏ͫͶۂແ җ୙ܘ༁Ν݃΁ɽಋ࣎Ͷɾࣁۜ఑ڛंͳࣆۂकର͹͍͏ ͫͶܘ༁Ν݃΁ɽͨ͢ͱɾ୊ࢀंͲ͍Ζ඲Ճؽؖ͗ࣆۂ ඲ՃΝࣰࢬͤΖɽ ͞ΗΉͲೖຌͶ͕͏ͱͺɾ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭͕Γ;ࣁۜ఑ ڛंͳ͢ͱೖຌࡔ஄͗ʤϏ΢ϫρφࣆۂͶ͕͏ͱʥϕϫ ζΥέφΝक಍͢ͱͪ͘ܨҤ͍͗Ζɽ ʤ3ʥ֦कରͶͳͮͱ͹ϟϨρφ ࠅ಼͹ؖ࿊ݜڂ10ʥ_{ͲͺɾSIB ͹୊ 1 ߺҌ݇Ͳ͍Ζӵ} ࠅ͹ࣆྭΝ෾ੵͪ͢ๅࠄ11ʥ_{Νࢂল͢ɾߨ੕͹ଠͶणӻ} ंɾγʖϑηࣰࢬकରɾ౦ࣁՊɾ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭͹ 4 ͯ͹ ཤ֒ؖܐंΝՅ͓ͱɾητʖέϙϩξʖ͹ڙणͤΖϟϨ ρφʤॳؽ೵ʥΝԾى͹Γ͑ͶΉͳΌͱ͏Ζɽ Fig. 1 SIB ͶΓΖαηφࡡݰްՎ

1ʥߨ੕ ऀճ՟ୌ͹մ݀ͶΓΕɾߨ੕ͳ͢ͱ͍Ζ΄͘ؽ೵ΝՎ ͪͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖɽҌ݇ͶΓͮͱͺࣰ࣯ద͵ߨ੕αηφ ΝࡡݰͲ͘Ζɽ 2ʥणӻं णӻं͹͑ͬɾγʖϑηཤ༽ंʤ௜ંద͵णӻंʥ ͺɾωʖθͶԢͣͪγʖϑη͹఑ڛΝण͜Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ ͘ɾे຿ʤؔંద͵णӻंʥͺɾऀճ՟ୌ͹մ݀ͶΓΖ ҈સʀ҈ৼ౵ΝಚΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ 3ʥγʖϑηࣆۂं γʖϑηࣰࢬकରͺɾӣӨࣁۜ͹֮ฯɾௗغܘ༁ͶΓ Ζޑ༽͹҈ఈɾཤ༽ं͖Δ͹৶བ޴৏౵ͳ͏ͮͪ෱߁͏ ϟϨρφ͗ಚΔΗΖɽ 4ʥࣁۜ఑ڛंʤ຿ؔ౦ࣁՊʥ ຿ؔ౦ࣁՊʤ౦ࣁؽؖʥͺɾ੔Վ͹ୣ੔ͶΓͮͱऀճ దʀࡔແదϨνʖϱΝ֭ಚͲ͘Ζɽ 5ʥ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭ ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭ͺɾSIB ͹ࣰࢬՆ೵੓௒ࠬɾܘ༁ިম౵ ͹৿ͪ͵ϑζϋη͹ؽճΝಚΖ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘Ζɽ  6,% ͶؖͤΖ઎ߨݜڂ͹Ϫϑϣʖ ౞໨ʤ2016ʥͺɾʰࠅ಼ͲͺɾSIB Νਬ਒͢Γ͑ͳͤ ΖήϩʖϕΏαϱγϩνϱφΔͶΓΖ൅৶ͺ׈൅Ͳ͍ Ζ͗ɾΠΩυϝθϞͲ͹࿨඲ͺɾʤ஦ྲྀʥർֳదঙ਼Ͷ ݸΔΗΖɽΉͪͨΗΔ͹ଡ͚ͺɾSIB ͹࢕ૌΊͳࣆྭɾ ʰ΢ϱϏέφʱ͹඲ՃͶ͖͖Ζ࿨఼Ν֕ઈͤΖͶͳʹΉ Ζɽք֐Ͷ໪Ν఺ͣͱ΍ɾ࢔೨͵͗Δয়ڱͺ୉͚͘ͺร ΚΔ͵͏ɽ੷ۅద͵৚ๅ൅৶ͺɾλʖεϡϩʀϓΟ΢ψ ϱηऀ͵ʹ͹ਬ਒஄ରͶΓͮͱ͕͞͵ΚΗΖҲ๏ɾ࿨ช ͺࣆྭ͹ 1 ࣏৚ๅͶΓΖ୰೨͵෾ੵݗ౾ΝɾकͶͨ͹ࣆ ۂΝࣰࢬͤΖंͶۛ͏ࢻ఼Ͳ͕͞͵͑΍͹͗कླྀͲ͍ Ζ12ʥ_{ʱ͞ͳΝࢨఢ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ} ͨ͹৏ͲɾSIB Ͷͺଡ͚͹ཤ֒ؖܐं͗ؖΚͮͱ͕Εɾ SIB Νཤ༽ͤΖͪΌͶͺͨΗΝΌ͛Ζߑଆʤ౲ࣆंؔ͹ ؖܐ౵ʥΝཀྵմͤΖචགྷ͍͗Ζͳ͏͑؏఼͖Δɾߑଆ໚ Ͷ͕͜Ζཻқ఼ͳ͢ͱɾ௜ંؔં͹णӻं͗ܘ༁ؖܐͶ ؜ΉΗͱ͏͵͏఼Ͳܘ༁౲ࣆं͹Ί͹ཤ֒͗༑઎͠ΗΖ ڬΗ͍͗Ζɾ͞ͳΝࢨఢ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ Ήͪɾ඲Ճ͹؏఼͖Δɾґ౽ʤ2016ʥͺɾʰಝͶૌ੔ Ն೵੓͹͍ΖϖϩηίΠ྘Ү͹τʖϜͳ͢ͱͺɾݗਏण ਏི޴৏ͳɾ౸೚බ༩๹͍͗Ζʱͳफ़΄ͱ͏Ζɽ ͞ΗΔ 2 ͯ͹τʖϜ͗ೖຌͶ͕͜Ζ SIB ͹ૌ੔Ͷ͕ ͏ͱՆ೵੓͍͗Ζͳ͏͓Ζཀྵ༟ͳ͢ͱɾʰݳࡑ͹ߨ੕ؽ ؖ͹༙ͤΖυʖνͲ͹ղ೘ଲে͹பड़͗Ն೵Ͳ͍Ζ͞ ͳɾΉͪɾࢩ෹͹φϨΪʖͳ͵Ζ੔Վࢨඬͳߨ੕αηφ ࡡݰްՎ͍͗Ζఖౕ໎֮Ͷઈ໎Ͳ͘Ζ͞ͳʱΝࢨఢ͢ͱ ͏Ζ13ʥ_ɽ  ຌݜڂ͹қٝ Ґ৏Ν΀Ή͓ɾຌݜڂ͹қٝͶͯ͏ͱҐԾͶΉͳ ΌΖɽ Ήͥɾ஦ࢃؔஏҮͶ͕͜Ζਫ਼׈ި௪͹՟ୌͳଲԢͳ͏ ͑؏఼͖Δɾ͞ΗΉͲݳࣰదͶͺɾި௪γʖϑη͹࣯͹ ޴৏ͳߨ੕αηφ͹ࡡݰΝಋ࣎Ͷୣ੔ͤΖ͞ͳ͗ٽΌΔ Ηͱͪ͘஦Ͳɾ֦ஏҮಢࣙ͹౔ྙͶΓΕਫ਼ΉΗͪްՎ͹ ߶͏γʖϑηΝଠஏҮͶఴ֋ͤΖͪΌ͹۫ରద͵๏ࡨͺ ͵͖ͮͪɽͨ͑ͪ͢஦Ͳɾ՟ୌմ݀ΝଇͤՆ೵੓Ν΍ͯ ౦ࣁϠυϩͲ͍Ζ SIB Ͷ஥໪͢ɾ۫ରద͵఑ҌΝࣖͤ ఼Ͳқٝ਄͏ɽ Ήͪɾ஭໪͹߶ΉΖ SIB Ͳ͍Ζ͗ɾࠅ಼Ͳ͹಍೘͗ ർֳద࠹ۛ͵͞ͳ΍͍Εɾָढ़ద࿨ߡ͗ঙ͵͏஦Ͳɾஏ ๏ޮڠި௪෾໼ΝҲྭͶ಍೘Ն೵੓Νݗ౾ͤΖ͞ͳͺɾ ଠ෾໼΃͹಍೘Ͷؖ͢ͱ΍ҲൢԿͲ͘Ζ఼Ͳ൅ఴ੓͗ ͍Ζɽ Յ͓ͱຌݜڂͶΓΖ੔Վͺɾި௪ۯപஏ໲ୌ͹ܲݰͳ ஏ๏෨Ͷ͕͜ΖҢಊ͹࣯͹޴৏Ͷͯ͵͗Ζި௪γʖϑη ͹෕ٶͶر༫ͤΖͳߡ͓ͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹͞ͳͺɾߨ੕Ͷͳ ͮͱࣆۂϨηέΝͳΔͥͶαηφࡡݰͳ੕ࡨ՟ୌ͹ࠂෲ Νୣ੔Ͳ͘Ζ఼ͲϟϨρφ͍͗Ζɽ Ήͪɾγʖϑηཤ༽ंͶͳͮͱҢಊ͗สཤͶ͵Ζͳ͏ ͑௜ંద͵ްՎͫ͜Ͳ͵͚ɾҲൢࢤ຿Ͷͳͮͱ΍ި௪ࣆ ބܲݰͶΓΖ҈સʀ҈ৼͳ͏ͮͪؔંద͵ްՎΝ΍ͪΔ ͤ͞ͳ͗غଶͲ͘Ζɽ

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 ௒ࠬ๏๑ ௒఼ࠬ࣎ʤ2018 ೧ 12 ݆ʥͶ͕͜Ζ SIB ͹ࠅ಼಍೘ࣆ ྭͲ͍ΖਈރࢤͳൂԨࢢࢤ͹ 2 ࣆྭΝଲেͶɾྈࣆྭͶ ͕͏ͱ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭ͳ͢ͱ SIB ͹ૌ੔ͶؖΚͮͪҲൢ ࡔ஄๑ਕऀճద౦ࣁਬ਒ࡔ஄ʤSIIFʥͶଲ͢ͱɾकͶ಍ Fig. 2 SIB ͹ӣ༽ର੏ SIB Structure

೘ϕϫιηͶؖͤΖซ͘खΕ௒ࠬʤ௒ࠬೖʁ2018 ೧ 12 ݆ 10 ೖʥΝࣰࢬͪ͢ɽ SIB ͺɾ2010 ೧ౕҐ߳ɾӵࠅʀธࠅΝൿ઀ΕͶ੊ֆ దͶ෕ٶ͗਒ΞͲ͕Εɾ੊ֆͶ͕͜Ζ SIB ͹ࣰࢬࣆྭ ͺɾ2019 ೧ 3 ఼݆࣎Ͳ 132 ݇஭ 1ʥ_{͍Εɾࣆۂوໝͺ༁} 470 Աԃͳਬܯ͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ SIB ͺɾऀճదͶմ݀͗චགྷ͵॑གྷ՟ୌ΃͹಍೘͗ٽ ΌΔΗΖ͗ɾ֦ࠅؔΝർֳͤΖ஦Ͳɾऀճࢩड़͹क͵෾ ໼ͺࠅ͟ͳͶܑ޴͗ҡ͵Ζ͞ͳ͗ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ16ʥ_ɽΉ ͪɾSIB ͹಍೘ͺɾ੕ࡨࣰݩͳ͏͑ଈ໚͗ک͏͞ͳͶՅ ͓ͱɾ֐෨͹੕ࡨ؂ڧͳ੕࣑ద৚੐͖Δک͚ӪڻΝण͜ Ζ͞ͳ͗ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ17ʥ_{ɽͨ͹ͪΌɾ಍೘Ն೵੓Ν} ୵Ζ৏ͲͺಋҲࠅ಼Ͳ͹ࣆྭͶخͰ͘ݗ౾ͤΖචགྷ͗ ͍Ζɽ 2018 ೧ݳࡑɾࠅ಼ͲͺϖϩηίΠ෾໼Ν஦ৼͶਈރ ࢤͳൂԨࢢࢤͲ಍೘ྭ͗ड़ͱ͘ͱ͕ΕɾஏҮި௪෾໼ͳ ͺಋҲࢻͲ͘͵͏෨෾΍͍Ζ͗ɾࠅ಼Ͳ͹ SIB ͹ૌ੔ ͳ಍೘Νݗ౾ͤΖ৏Ͳࣰࡏ͹಍೘ࣆྭͶ͕͜Ζգఖ͹੠ ࠬͺ॑གྷͲ͍Ζͳߡ͓ͱ͏Ζɽ  ௒ࠬଲে  ౸೚බ੓ਝ঳॑གྷԿ༩๹ࣆۂʤਈރࢤʥ ʤ1ʥࣆۂ֕གྷ ਈރࢤͲ಍೘͠Ηͪ SIB ͺɾ౸೚බ੓ਝ঳౵͹ητ ʖζ͹਒ߨɾਕ޽ಃੵ΃͹Ңߨ͹༩๹Ν໪దͳ͢ͱ͏ Ζɽਈރࢤ͹ࠅฯଲেंͲɾ౸೚බϨηέ͹߶͏๏͹͑ ͬҫྏؽؖາणਏं͕Γ;࣑ྏ஦இ஦͹ܯ 100 ਕΝଲে ͳ͢ͱ͏Ζɽࣆۂغؔͺ 2017 ೧ 7 ݆ʛ 2020 ೧ 3 ݆Ͳɾ ฯ݊ࢨ಍ϕϫήϧϞर྅ིɾਫ਼׈स׵րવིɾਝؽ೵ఁ Ծཊ੏ིΝ੔Վࢨඬͳ͢ͱɾਈރࢤ͗җ୙ྋΝࢩ෹͑͢ ͚ΊͲ͍Ζɽࣆۂ಼༲ͺɾҫྏؽؖ͹णਏשও͕Γ;ৱ ࣆྏ๑౵͹ฯ݊ࢨ಍Νࣰࢬ͢ɾଲেं͹ҫྏؽؖ΃͹ण ਏ͕Γ;ਫ਼׈स׵͹րવΝ௪͢ͱɾ౸೚බ੓ਝ঳͹॑঳ ԿΝ༩๹ͤΖ΍͹Ͳ͍Ζɽ ʤ2ʥࣰࢬର੏ ߨ੕ͳ͢ͱਈރࢤɾࣆۂंͳ͢ͱהࣞճऀ DPP ϖϩ ηϏʖφψʖθɾ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭ͶҲൢࡔ஄๑ਕऀճద౦ ࣁਬ਒ࡔ஄ɾࣁۜ఑ڛंͳ͢ͱהࣞճऀࢀҬे༓۞ߨ͕ Γ;Ҳൢऀ஄๑ਕऀճద౦ࣁਬ਒ࡔ஄ɾ୊ࢀं඲ؽؖͳ ͢ͱޮӻࡔ஄๑ਕາཔ޽ָݜڂॶʤ༩ఈʥ͗ητʖέϙ ϩξʖͳ͢ͱؖ༫ͤΖʤFig. 3ʥɽ ʤ3ʥಝ௅ SIB ͺ੔Վๅृܗܘ༁͹ͪΌɾ੔Վ໪ඬΝୣ੔͢͵͏ ৖߻ɾخຌదͶߨ੕͖Δࣆۂඇͺࢩ෹ΚΗ͵͏͗ɾಋࣆ ۂͲͺࣆۂࣰࢬͶଲ͢ͱචགྷ͵ࣆۂඇ͹ 4 ׄ͗ࢩ෹Κ Ηɾ࢔Ε͹ 6 ׄΝୣ੔ౕͶԢͣͱࢩ෹͚͑͢ΊͶ͵ͮͱ ͏Ζɽ  ୉ௐ͗Ξݗਏʀ੠ືݗࠬणਏשওࣆۂʤൂԨࢢࢤʥ ʤ1ʥࣆۂ֕གྷ ൂԨࢢࢤͲ಍೘͠Ηͪ SIB ͺɾ୉ௐ͗Ξ͹૥غ൅ݡ ं਼͹ଁՅΝ໪దͳ͢ͱ͏Ζɽʰ୉ௐ͗Ξݗਏʱͳʰ੠ ືݗࠬʱ͹णਏשওΝࣰࢬͤΖ͗ɾ୉ௐ͗ΞݗਏͺൂԨ ࢢࢤ͹ࠅฯଲেंͲɾ઴೧ౕ୉ௐ͗Ξݗਏາणਏं͹͑ ͬ 12,000 ਕΝଲেͳͤΖɽ੠ືݗࠬͺɾൂԨࢢࢤ͹ࠅ ฯଲেंͲɾགྷ੠ືݗࠬͳ͵ͮͪ๏णਏंસͱΝଲেͳ ͤΖɽࣆۂغؔͺ 2017 ೧ 5 ݆ʛ 2019 ೧ 8 ݆Ͳɾ୉ௐ͗ Ξݗਏणਏིɾ੠ືݗࠬणਏི͕Γ;૥غ͗Ξ൅ݡं਼ Ν੔Վࢨඬͳ͢ͱɾ੔ՎͶԢͣͱൂԨࢢࢤ͗ࢩ෹͚͑͢ ΊͲ͍Ζɽ ʤ2ʥࣰࢬର੏ ߨ੕ͳ͢ͱൂԨࢢࢤɾࣆۂंͳ͢ͱΫϡϱγʖηΫϡ ϱהࣞճऀɾ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭Ͷί΢ηϨʖהࣞճऀɾࣁۜ ఑ڛंͶҲൢऀ஄๑ਕऀճద౦ࣁਬ਒ࡔ஄ʤהࣞճऀΊ ͥΆ۞ߨ͹ࣁۜڎड़Ν؜΋ʥ͕Γ;הࣞճऀυζγʖο ΠϱχΠχών΢ζϱή͗ητʖέϙϩξʖͳ͢ͱؖ༫ ͤΖʤFig. 4ʥɽ Fig. 3 ਈރࢤͶ͕͜Ζࣆۂࣰࢬର੏

SIB Structure in Kobe City

Fig. 4 ൂԨࢢࢤͶ͕͜Ζࣆۂࣰࢬର੏

ʤ3ʥಝ௅ SIB ͹ߑଆ৏ɾܘ༁಼༲͹ଧ౲੓Ͷؖ͢ͱઈ໎੻೜Ν ୴ฯͤΖͪΌɾ୊ࢀं͹඲Ճؽؖ͹ؖ༫͗ਬ਒৏॑གྷͳ ͵Ζ͗ɾಋࣆۂͲͺઅ஖͢ͱ͏͵͏ɽ

 ݃Վ

 6,% ͹಍೘ͶࢺΖܨҤ ྈࣆྭͳ΍ɾ൅Ҍͺ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭Ͳ͍ΖҲൢࡔ஄๑ਕ ऀճద౦ࣁਬ਒ࡔ஄͗क಍Ͳ਒Όͱ͏ͮͪɽਈރࢤ͹৖ ߻ɾ2015 ೧͹व͟ΘͶ୉ௐ͗Ξ͹ݗਏणਏི޴৏͹ͪ ΌͶ SIB Νཤ༽͢͵͏͖ͳ଩ਏͪ͢ɽؖৼΝࣖͪͪ͢ Όɾ༩ࢋԿΝݗ౾͢ͱ΍Δͮͪ͗ɾ఑Ҍ࣎غ͗ 11 ݆͟ ΘͫͮͪͪΌɾ༩ࢋགྷٽͶͺங͚ɾ͞͹࣎ͺҲౕݡૻ ͮͱ͏Ζɽ࠸ౕཎ೧ 2016 ೧ 6 ݆Ͷɾ౸೚බ੓ਝ঳͹ण ਏི޴৏ϕϫήϧϞͶ SIB Νཤ༽͢͵͏͖ͳ఑Ҍͪ͢ɽ ߨ੕ଈ͹״ৰ΍ྒྷ͚ɾ۫ରద͵ݗ౾͗਒Ξͫɽ ಋͣν΢ϝϱήͲɾൂԨࢢࢤͲ΍୉ௐ͗Ξݗਏ͹णਏ ི޴৏ϕϫήϧϞࣰࢬ͹ͪΌͶ SIB Νཤ༽ͤΖ͞ͳΝ ఑Ҍ͢ɾݗ౾͗਒ΞͲ͏ͮͪɽͨ͹ࡏɾܨࡃࢊۂ঴͗ॶ ؇ͤΖ SIB Ҍ݇ૌ੔ࣆۂͶଲͤΖ௒ࠬࣆۂʤ݊߃थໍ Ԉ৵ࢊۂ૓ड़ਬ਒ࣆۂʥ͍͗ΕɾൂԨࢢࢤͲ࿫͗਒ΞͲ ͏ͪί΢ηϨʖʤγʖϑηࣆۂंޫึʥͶଲ͢ͱܨࢊ঴ ࣆۂ༩ࢋ͖ΔҌ݇ૌ੔͹ͪΌ͹ඇ༽Ώਕ݇ඇ౵͗ड़Ζ͞ ͳͶ͵Εɾ۫ରదͶݗ౾͗਒Ξͫɽ ਈރࢤͶ͕͏ͱͺɾ࠹ॵ͹଩ਏ͖ΔҌ݇͹಼༲͗รΚ ͮͱ͏Ζ͗ɾͨΗͲ΍ಋࢤͲ͹಍೘ͳ͵ͮͪ͹ͺɾSIB ࣆۂͶ઴޴͘Ͳ͍ͮͪ͞ͳ͗୉͘͏ͳ͏͑ɽࢤ͹ฯ݊ෳ ࢳͶؖΚΖ෨ॼ͹୴౲ंͶՅ͓ͱɾு಼Ͳ௒੖Νͺ͖Ζ ةժܧ͹෨ॼΏࢤௗ΍खૌͶ઴޴͘Ͳ͍ͮͪͪΌɾηϞ ʖθͶ࿫͗਒Ξͫͳ͏͑ɽൂԨࢢࢤ͹৖߻΍ಋ༹Ͳɾة ժ௒੖Ͷ͍ͪΖ෨ॼ͗ SIB ͹಍೘Ͷ઴޴͘Ͳɾ͖ͯγ ʖϑηࣆۂंͲ͍ΖΫϡϱγʖηΫϡϱͳ΍͞ΗΉͲ͹ ۂແणҗ୙͹ܨݩ͖ΔͤͲͶ৶བؖܐ͗Ͳ͘ͱ͏ͪͪ Όɾ਒ΌΏ͖ͤͮͪͳ͏͑ɽ  ητʖέϙϩξʖؔ͹߻қܙ੔ϕϫιη  ۂແ಼༲ͶؖͤΖܘ༁ϕϫιη ࣏Ͷɾητʖέϙϩξʖؔ͹߻қܙ੔գఖΝΊͱ͏ ͚ɽSIB Ͷͺ୉͚͘ 2 ͯɾʤ1ʥߨ੕ͳγʖϑηࣰࢬकର ʤࣆۂंʥؔ͹ۂແͶؖͤΖܘ༁ͳɾʤ2ʥࣁۜ఑ڛंͳ ࣆۂकରؔ͹ࢩ෹ͶؖͤΖܘ༁͍͗Ζɽ͞͞ͲͺɾΉ ͥɾۂແͶؖͤΖܘ༁Ͷͯ͏ͱΊͱ͏͚ɽ ৏फ़ͪ͢Γ͑ͶɾଲেͳͤΖτʖϜͶΓͮͱૌ੔ΉͲ Ͷ͠Ή͡Ή͵ܨҤΝͪʹΖ͗ɾ୉Ή͖͵ࣆۂ಼༲Νݗ౾ ͤΖͶ͍ͪΕɾΉͥ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭͗ɾ૟ఈ͠ΗΖࣆۂं ޫึͶଲ͢ͱɾʹΞ͵ղ೘ϕϫήϧϞ͍͗ΕಚΖ͹͖ɾ ༩ࢋ͗ʹΗ͚Δ͏͖͖Ζ͖౵ΝϐΠϨϱή͢ɾͨ͹ޛߨ ੕Ͷଲ͢ͱղ೘͹಼༲ɾଲেं͹મఈ๏๑ɾ୉Ή͖͵ඇ ༽Νఽ͓ͱ٠࿨Ν਒ΌΖͳ͏͑ླྀΗͶ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽ ਈރࢤ͹৖߻ɾSIB ͹ࠅ಼୊ 1 ߺҌ݇஭ 2ʥ_ͳ͏͑͞ͳ ΍͍Εɾγʖϑηࣆۂंͺޮู͹͖ͪͬͺͳΔͥɾ਷қ ܘ༁Ͳ਒Όͪɽ੔Վࢨඬ͹ݗ౾ͶͺࣆۂंͶ΍೘ͮͱ΍ Δ͏ɾ۫ରద͵ࢨඬ౵Ͷͯ͏ͱͪͪ͘ୈΝࡠ੔͢ɾࢤ΃ ఑ҌͤΖͳ͏͑ླྀΗͲ਒Όͱ͏ͮͪɽൂԨࢢࢤ͹৖߻ ΍ɾΆ·ۛ͢͏਒Ό๏Νͪ͢ͳ͏͑ɽ  ࢩ෹ড়݇ͶؖͤΖܘ༁ϕϫιη କ͏ͱɾࢩ෹ͶؖͤΖܘ༁Ͷͯ͏ͱΊͱ͏͚ɽਈރࢤ ͹৖߻ɾ࠹शదͶචགྷ͵ࣆۂඇ͹ 4 ׄͺݽఈͲࢩ෹͏ɾ ࢔Ε͹ 6 ׄΝϕϫήϧϞ͹श྅͖Δਫ਼׈स׵͹րવౕ߻ ͏ͶԢͣͱࢩ෹͏ɾ͠ΔͶ 2 ೧ޛͶਝؽ೵ఁԾ͹ཊ੏Ͷ ͯ͵͗ͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗ݗৄͲ͘Ηͻɾࣆۂඇ͹ 3 ׄΝ৏ ݸͶ΢ϱιϱτΡϔΝࢩ෹͑ͳ͏͚͑͢ΊͲ͍Ζɽਈރ ࢤͲͺॵΌͱ͹खૌͫ͗ɾͤͲͶଠ࣑ࣙରͲࣆۂͳ͢ͱ खΕૌΞͲ͕Ε੔Վ΍ड़ͱ͏ͪ͹ͲɾݽఈͲ 4 ׄΝ෹͑ ͞ͳͳ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ Ҳ๏ͲൂԨࢢࢤ͹৖߻ͺɾࣆۂंࣙରͺͤͲͶࣰ੹΍ ͍Ζ͗ɾࣰࢬͤΖղ೘ϕϫήϧϞ͗ॵΌͱ͹घ๑Ͳ͍Ε ேકద͵಼༲Ͳ͍ͮͪͪΌɾࣆۂܨඇͶଲͤΖݽఈ͹ࢩ ෹ͺ͵͚ɾ੔Վ͗ड़͵͜ΗͻҲર΍෹Κ͵͏ͳ͏͑ড়݇ Ͷ͵ͮͱ͏Ζɽࢩ෹ড়݇Ͷͯ͏ͱͺҌ݇͟ͳͶݗ౾ͤΖ චགྷ͍͗Εɾࣆۂं͹ࣰ੹Ώࣁۜ఑ڛं͹য়ڱͶΓͮͱ รΚͮͱ͚Ζͳ͏͑ɽ  ࣆۂ඲ՃͶͯ͏ͱ ܘ༁಼༲͹ଧ౲੓Ν୴ฯͤΖͪΌͶɾ੔Վ͹඲Ճͺɾ ༩Όࢨఈͪ͢୊ࢀं඲ՃؽؖΝમఈ͢ͱࣰࢬͤΖ͞ͳ͗ ଡ͏ɽ͖͢͢͵͗Δɾ඲Ճඇ༽͹਻௃Ε͗ૌ੔͹՟ୌͳ ͵Ζ͞ͳ΍ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏ΖɽൂԨࢢࢤ͹৖߻ͺɾ୊ࢀं ඲ՃؽؖΝ஖͖ͥࣆۂΝ਒Όͱ͏Ζɽ͞Ηͺɾ඲Ճࢨඬ ͗͗Ξݗਏ͹णਏི͗ʹΗ͚Δ͏޴৏͖ͪ͢ɾͳ͏͑ർ ֳదεϱϕϩ͵΍͹ͫͮͪ͞ͳͶՅ͓ͱɾ݃Վͺࠅ΃ๅ ࠄͤΖͪΌͶ࣑ࣙର͗ى࿧Νͳͮͱ͏Ζ΍͹Ͳ͍Εɾ඲ Ճ͹๏๑΍઴೧ౕർֳ͵͹Ͳೋ͚͢͵͚ɾ੔Վ͗Ҳ໪ྐ ષͲɾࣆۂوໝ΍ͨΗΆʹ୉͚͘͵͖ͮͪͪΌɾ஖͖ͥ Ͷ਒Όͪͳ͏͑ɽࠕޛ΍ɾ༩ࢋوໝ͹ঘ͠͏΍͹Ͷؖ͢ ͱͺ୊ࢀंؽؖΝ஖͖ͥͶ਒ΌΖՆ೵੓΍͍Ζɾͳ͹͞ ͳͫͮͪɽ

 ߡࡱ

͞ΗΉͲຌߚͲͺɾSIB ͹಍೘ͶࢺΖܨҤΏϕϫιηɾ

ࢩ෹ড়݇Ώࡡݰ໪ඬ͹અఈͶؖͤΖ߻қܙ੔գఖͶͯ͏ ͱΊͱͪ͘ɽ ݃ՎΝ΀Ή͓ɾҐԾͲͺɾΉͥ SIB ͹಍೘Ն೵੓Ͷ ͯ͏ͱ୉͚͘ 2 ఼ɾଧ౲੓ͳࣰࢬର੏͹؏఼͖Δߡࡱ ͤΖɽ ࣏Ͷɾޮڠި௪෾໼Ͳ͹ SIB ͹ӣ༽ηΫʖϞͶͯ͏ ͱɾ඲Ճࢨඬ͹અఈɾࡡݰ໪ඬ͹અఈɾٱؽ೵ʤϨη έʥ΃͹ଲԢͶͯ͏ͱߡࡱͤΖɽ  6,% ͹಍೘Ն೵੓  ޮڠި௪෾໼΃͹ 6,% ಍೘͹ଧ౲੓ ޮڠި௪෾໼΃͹ SIB ͹಍೘Ͷͯ͏ͱͺɾकͶ 3 ͯ ͹ཀྵ༟͖Δଧ౲੓ͺ߶͏ͳߡ͓ͱ͏Ζɽ Ήͥɾʤ1ʥ՟ୌ͹੓࣯͗߻ͮͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͗ڏ͝ΔΗ ΖɽSIB ͹నͤΖ՟ୌ྘Үͳ͢ͱɾᶅ ݳয়͹ߨ੕γʖ ϑηͲॉ෾͵ްՎ͗ڏ͗ͮͱ͏͵͏྘Ү͹ऀճద՟ୌմ ݀Ͳ͍Ζ͞ͳɾᶆ ੔ՎࢨඬͶଲͤΖࣰ੹Ν༙͢ͱ͏Ζ ຿ؔ͹γʖϑη఑ڛं͗ଚࡑͤΖ͞ͳɾᶇ γʖϑη఑ ڛं͗ࣙހࣁۜ΍͚͢ͺঁ੔ۜɾ༧ࣁ౵ͶΓΖࣁۜ௒ୣ ͗ࠖೋ͵৖߻͹ 3 ఼Ͷॄ༁Ͳ͘Ζ͞ͳ͗ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͕ Ε13ʥ_{ɾ3 ఼ͤ΄ͱͶ͕͏ͱড়݇Νຮͪ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ} ࣏Ͷɾʤ2ʥSIB ࢤ৖͹֨୉Ͳ͍Ζɽ࠹৿͹ๅࠄ14ʥ_Ͷ ΓΗͻɾʰೖຌͶ͕͜Ζऀճద΢ϱϏέφ౦ࣁࢤ৖ͺɾ 2017 ೧ౕ͹ 718 Աԃ͖Δɾ2018 ೧ౕͺ༁ 3,440 ԱԃͶ ֨୉ͳ༩଎ʱ͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽ͞͹͞ͳͺɾؖৼ͗߶ΉΕͯ ͍ͯΖ SDGs ୣ੔Ͷ޴ͪ͜౦ࣁ͹ླྀΗ͗֨୉͢ͱ͏͚͞ ͳ͗ഐܢͶ͍Εɾࠕޛ΍͞͹ླྀΗͺՅଐ͢ͱ͏͚ͳߡ͓ ΔΗΖɽ Ήͪɾ֦ࠅ͹ܑ޴Νർֳͪ͢ϪϛʖφͶΓΖͳɾڠ௪ ͢ͱऀճదࢩड़ෝ୴͹ଁ୉͗ஸ͢͏෾໼Ͳ SIB ͹಍೘ ͗ݗ౾͠ΗΖܑ޴Ͷ͍Ζ͞ͳ͗ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏Ζ15ʥ_ɽͨ ͹ͪΌɾ߶ྺ෾໼஭ 3ʥ_{͗࠹॑གྷ՟ୌͳ͵ΖೖຌͶ͕͏ͱɾ} ࠅ಼Ͳ SIB ͹಍೘͗ຌ֪Կͪ͢ࠕɾޮڠި௪෾໼΃͹ ಍೘ͶΓΖ՟ୌմ݀͹Ն೵੓ͳ߻Κͦͱɾ՟ୌΏϨηέ Νݗ౾ͤΖ͞ͳͺٺແͲ͍ΖͳࢧΚΗΖɽ 3 ఼໪ͺɾʤ3ʥ՟ୌͶଲͤΖߨ੕͹ؖৼ͹߶͍͗͠Ζɽ 2 ఼໪ͳ΍ؖ࿊ͤΖ͗ɾҢಊघஊ͹֮ฯ͗સࠅద͵ऀճ ՟ୌͲ͍Ζ͞ͳͶՅ͓ɾસͱ͹ஏ๏ޮڠ஄ରΝଲেͶࣰ ࢬ͠Ηͪ SIB ͶؖͤΖ௒ࠬ݃Վ16ʥ_{ͶΓΖͳɾҫྏʀղ} ޤඇ༽͹ࡡݰɾޮڠࢬઅʀۯ͘Պ͹ཤ׈༽Ͷକ͘ɾޮڠ ި௪͗ SIB ͹಍೘͗૟ఈ͠ΗΖ՟ୌ྘Үͳ͢ͱڏ͝Δ Ηͱ͕Εɾؖৼ͹߶͠Νཬ෉͜ͱ͏Ζɽ઴फ़͹Γ͑Ͷɾ ಝͶ઎ྭ͹͵͏ஊ֌Ͳͺɾߨ੕͹खૌͶଲͤΖ઴޴͘͵ ࢡ੐͗॑གྷͳ͵Ζ͞ͳ͖Δ΍ɾ՟ୌ΃͹ؖৼ͹ౕ߻͏ͺ SIB ͹಍೘Ͷ͕͏ͱ伶Ͷ͵Ζͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɽ  ஦ؔࢩԋ͹ༀׄͳ୴͏घͶͯ͏ͱ ઎फ़ͪ͢Γ͑ͶɾSIB ͹ૌ੔ʀ಍೘Ͷͺɾ஦ؔࢩԋΝ ୴͑஄ର͹߫ݛͤΖͳ͞Θ͗୉͘͏ɽಝͶɾޮڠި௪෾ ໼΃͹಍೘ͺ͞ΗΉͲ͵͏ͪΌɾࣁۜ఑ڛं͕Γ;γʖ ϑηࣆۂंͳ͹Ϗ΢ϕΝ΍ͬɾखૌͶ઴޴͘͵࣑ࣙର΃ ͳͯ͵͛ༀׄ͗ٽΌΔΗΖɽݳࣰదͶͺɾऀճద౦ࣁਬ ਒ࡔ஄͹Γ͑͵ૌ৭͗Ҍ݇ૌ੔Ͷ৒Εड़͖ͤɾγʖϑη ࣆۂं͗௜ંࣁۜ௒ୣΝࣰࢬ͢ɾߨ੕ͳۂແҗ୙ܘ༁Ν ݃΁ɾͤ͵Κͬ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭͹ༀׄ΍ಋ࣎Ͷ୴͏͵͗Δ ಍೘Ν਒Όͱ͏͚චགྷ͍͗Ζɽ Ήͪɾݳয়ࠅ಼Ͳͺɾ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭͗ SIB ࣆۂ͹ૌ ੔Ҍ͖݇Δ௜ંద͵ๅृΝಚΔΗΖ͚͢ΊͶͺ͵ͮͱ͏ ͵͏ɽࠕޛɾ৿و෾໼΃͹ SIB ͹಍೘Νଇ͢ͱ͏͚ͪ ΌͶͺɾௗغద͵ࢻ఼Ͷཱིͱͻɾ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭͗ෝ୴ͤ ΖܨඇΝ࿭͚͑͢Ί͗ٽΌΔΗΖͳ͏͓Ζɽ  ޮڠި௪෾໼Ͳ͹ 6,% ӣ༽ηΫʖϞ  ඲Ճࢨඬ͕Γ;ࡡݰ໪ඬ͹અఈʤ༩ࢋԿʥ SIB Ν಍೘ͤΖ৏Ͳͺɾ඲Ճࢨඬ͹અఈͳ߻Κͦͱɾ ଲেࣆۂͳ༩ࢋوໝ͹ಝఈ͗චགྷͶ͵Ζɽͪͳ͓ͻɾޮ ڠި௪෾໼Ͳ͏͓ͻɾͤͲͶ࣑ࣙର͗खΕૌΞͲ͏Ζࣆ ۂͳ͢ͱɾେ଺ώηɾαϝϣωτΡώηΏ৒߻νέε ʖɾυϜϱχώηɾυϜϱχܗ৒߻νέεʖ౵͹ӣߨึ ঁ͍͗Ζɽ ఈ࣎ఈ࿑તώη΃͹ղ೘Ν૟ఈͪ͢৖߻ɾࢨඬ͹ 1 ͯ ͳ͵Ζཤ༽ं਼ͺɾๅࠄٝແ͍͗ΖͪΌى࿧͠Ηͱ͕Ε ༽͏Ώͤ͏͗ɾ༩ࢋوໝ͹ಝఈͶͯ͏ͱͺࢤҮΝΉͪ͛ ࿑ત͹ѽ͏Ώɾηέʖϩώη΃͹ࠠ৒Νʹ͑ѽ͖͑ʤη έʖϩώη͹ӣߨͺҲൢͶگүؖ࿊༩ࢋ͖Δڎड़͠Η Ζʥɾ࿑તͶΓΕ౐ಕැݟΏࠅึঁ͗Ձ͖͍ׄΖ৖߻౵ɾ ݭື͵қັͲ͹ෝ୴ֻ͹ࢋड़͗ࠖೋ͵৖߻͍͗ΖɽҲ๏ ͲɾνέεʖοίρφΝഓා͢ͱ͏Ζ৖߻ɾඇ༽ࢋड़ͳ ੔Վࢨඬ͗໎֮Ͳ͍ΖͪΌɾഓऄͶ͕͜Ζۂແ঴ྙԿΝ ఑ҌͤΖࣆۂं౵͗ࢂ೘ͤΖ༪ஏ͗ड़Ώͤ͏ɽ ͨ͹Ά͖ɾνέεʖ͹ӨۂॶΏώη࿑ત͹͵͏ஏҮͶ ͕͏ͱɾ઎फ़ͪ͢ʰ͓͠͠߻͏ި௪ʱ͹Γ͑͵े຿͹૮ ޕිঁͶΓΖૻܶγʖϑηΝӣӨͤΖର੏Ͱ͚ΕΝ໪ࢨ ͤࣆۂ͹৖߻ɾۅ୼Ͷݶ͓ͻ಍೘ޛͶ໪ࢨͤߨ੕ෝ୴Ν κϫͶઅఈͲ͘Ζɽͨ͹ͪΌɾͪͳ͓ͻαϝϣωτΡώ η࿑ત͹ഉࢯΝݗ౾͢ͱ͏Ζν΢ϝϱή͹࣑ࣙରͶͳͮ ͱͺɾҲ࣎దͶ൅ਫ਼ͤΖࣆۂࣰࢬܨඇ͹ෝ୴͹ΊͲߨ੕ ՟ୌ͹մ݀Ͷͯ͵͝Ζ͞ͳ͗Ͳ͘ΖͪΌ޹౐߻ͳ͵Ζɽ ͨ͹৖߻͹੔Վࢨඬͺɾཤ༽ं਼Ώཤ༽յ਼ͶՅ͓ͱɾ γʖϑη͹ཤส੓ͳ͏ͮͪඉࡔແద͵สӻΝ߻Κͦͱ଎ Ζ͞ͳͲɾγʖϑη͹࣯ΝฯͯͪΌ͹ϠωνϨϱήࢨඬ ΝૌΊࠒ΋ࢻ఼͗๮ΉΗΖɽ

 ٱؽ೵ʤϨηέʥ΃͹ଲԢ SIB ࣆۂ͗໪ඬΝୣ੔͢͵͖ͮͪͳ͘ɾ୯͗ՁΝʹ͞ ΉͲฯ্ͤΖ͹͖ɾͳ͏఼͑Νݗ౾ͤΖචགྷ͍͗Ζɽͪ ͳ͓ͻɾޮڠި௪෾໼͹৖߻ɾࣆۂ֋࢟Ͷ൒͏໖ڒΝศ ೴͢ͱ͢Ήͮͪਕ͗ɾࣆۂश྅ޛͶҢಊघஊΝࣨ͑ͳ͏ ͮͪϨηέ΃͹ଲԢ͗ߡ͓ΔΗΖɽݳஊ֌Ͳߡ͓ΔΗΖ ଲԢͳ͢ͱͺɾ໖ڒ͹ศ೴౵ɾཤ༽ंͶͳͮͱ෈Նٱద ͵ߨಊΝཤ༽͹ড়݇ͳ͢͵͏͞ͳ͗ڏ͝ΔΗΖɽ  ࣆྭͶخͰ͚ӣ༽ηΫʖϞ͹఑Ҍ ͞͞Ͳͺɾ઎फ़ͪ͢ښ୰ޛࢤͶ͕͜Ζʰ͓͠͠߻͏ި ௪ʱΝϠυϩͶɾଠ͹࣑ࣙର΃͹ఴ֋Ν૟ఈͪ͢৖߻͹ SIB ͹ӣ༽ηΫʖϞͶͯ͏ͱߡࡱͤΖɽ ΉͥॵΌͶɾ಍೘Ն೵͵ஏ๏࣑ࣙର͕Γ;ٽΌΔΗΖ γʖϑηࣆۂं͹ড়݇Ͷͯ͏ͱΊͱ͏͚ɽ ઎फ़͹ͳ͕Εʰ͓͠͠߻͏ި௪ʱͺɾे຿༙͗ঊͲχ ϧ΢ώʖΝ୴͏ɾࣙՊ༽ऄΝ༽͏ͪҢૻγʖϑηΝ఑ڛ ͤΖ͚͢ΊͲɾνέεʖΏ࿑તώη͹భୂͪ͢ΦϨΠͶ ͕͏ͱɾνέεʖ͹ൔֻఖౕ͹ཤ༽ྋۜͲχΠςʖχ Πɾଊ࣎ഓऄΝࣰݳ͢ͱ͏Ζɽ ࠅ಼Ͷ͕͏ͱɾࣙՊ༽ऄΝ༽͏༙ͪঊͲ͹ӣૻͺݬଉ ͳ͢ͱےࢯ͠Ηͱ͕ΕɾಋӣૻΝ๑దͶ୴ฯͤΖࣙՊ༽ ༙ঊྃٮӣૻ੏ౕͲͺɾॉ෾͵༎ૻγʖϑη͗఑ڛͲ͘ ͵͏ͳ೟ΌΔΗΖஏҮʤި௪ۯപஏ஭ 4ʥ_{ʥͲ͹ӣ༽Ͷݸ} ఈ͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽͨ͹ͪΌɾ୰ޛௌ͹ϠυϩΝఴ֋ͤΖ৖ ߻ɾި௪ۯപஏͲ͍Ζ͞ͳ͗ড়݇ͳ͵Ζɽ Ήͪɾഓऄγʖϑη͹ӣӨͶ͍ͪΕɾഓऄΠϕϨΝ఑ ڛͤΖ Uber ͳ࿊ܠ͢਒Όͱ͏Ζ͞ͳ͖Δɾްིద͵ഓ ऄ؇ཀྵΝՆ೵ͶͤΖεητϞ͹఑ڛ͗ٽΌΔΗΖɽ ͓͠͠߻͏ި௪͹৖߻ɾݗ౾ஊ֌͖Δ 2016 ೧ 1 ݆͹ ஏҮޮڠި௪ճ٠Ͳ͹߻қΝܨͱɾ2016 ೧ 5 ݆͹ӣߨ ֋࢟ΉͲɾ༁ 1 ೧Νགྷ͢ͱ͕Εɾ͑ͪ͢͞઴ྭͺ಍೘६ ඍغؔΝઅఈͤΖࡏ͹໪҈Ͷ͵Ζɽͪͫ͢ɾ୰ޛௌͲͺ 2014 ೧ 7 ݆ΓΕӣӨΝ୴͑ NPO ͗ͤͲͶͲ͘ͱ͏ͪ͞ ͳ͖Δɾणࡾͳ͵Ζૌ৭͗͵͏ஏҮ΃͹಍೘Ͳ͍Ηͻɾ ͠ΔͶ࣎ؔΝགྷͤΖ͞ͳ͗૟ఈ͠ΗΖͪΌɾ಍೘ஏҮ͹ য়ڱͶ߻Κͦͪغؔ͹અఈ͗චགྷͳ͏͓Ζɽ Ήͪɾ಍೘ޛͶਫ਼ͣΖ՟ୌͶଲͤΖݺพࣆྭద͵ଲԢ ΍ಋ༹ͶٽΌΔΗΖɽ͓͠͠߻͏ި௪͹ྭͲͺɾ࢘͏ঋ घͶؖͤΖे຿͹੢Νण͜ͱɾηϜʖφϓΧϱΏέϪζ ρφΩʖχΝ࣍ͪ͵͏ਕ΍ཤ༽Ͳ͘ΖΓ͑ͶͤΖͪΌ͹ ଲԢͳ͢ͱɾ಍೘͖Δൔ೧ޛͶݳۜͶΓΖࢩ෹ΝՆ೵Ͷ ͤΖ౵ɾωʖθͶԢͣͪγʖϑη͹รߍΝ͘Όࡋࣰ͖͚ ࢬ͢ͱ͏Ζɽͨ͹ͪΌɾڢྙχϧ΢ώʖ͹֮ฯΝ؜΋ૻ ܶର੏ΏഓऄεητϞ͹ߑ஛ʀ಍೘Ν؜΋ഓऄ؇ཀྵର੏ ͳ͏ͮͪӣӨର੏͹ߑ஛ͶؖͤΖࣆۂ඲Ճ࣎غͺɾӣӨ ͹୴͏घͳ͵Ζૌ৭͗ଚࡑ͢ͱ͏Ζ৖߻Ͳɾ಍೘઴ 1 ೧ ͖Δ 3 ೧ఖౕͶՅ͓ͱɾ಍೘ޛൔ೧Ґ৏Νݡࠒ΋͞ͳ͗ ๮Ή͢͏ͳߡ͓ΔΗΖɽ Ґ৏ΓΕɾஏ๏࣑ࣙରͶٽΌΔΗΖড়݇Ν੖ཀྵͤΖͳ ҐԾ͹ͳ͕ΕͲ͍Ζɽ ʀSIB ࣆۂͶ઴޴͘Ͳ͍Ζ ʀި௪ۯപஏͶ֚౲ͤΖஏҮΝ؜ΞͲ͏Ζ ʀޮڠި௪͹՟ୌմ݀Ͷ੷ۅదͶखૌ΋ࢡ੐͍͗Ζ Ήͪɾҗ୙Νण͜ΖࣆۂंͶٽΌΔΗΖড়݇ͺҐԾ͹ ͳ͕ΕͲ͍Ζɽ ʀஏҮͲ͹ӣӨର੏Ͱ͚Ε͹ࣰ੹͍͗Ζ ʀഓऄΏ༎ૻ؇ཀྵΝ঴ྙԿͤΖεητϞΝ఑ڛͲ͘Ζ ࣏Ͷɾ඲ՃࢨඬͶͯ͏ͱɾΉͥ 1 ͯ͹ࢨඬͳ͢ͱཤ༽ յ਼͗૟ఈ͠ΗΖɽʰ͓͠͠߻͏ި௪ʱ͹৖߻ɾӣߨ͖ Δ 2 ೧͗ܨգ఼ͪ࣎͢Ͳ݆Ͷ 60 ૌҐ৏͹ཤ༽Νࣰݳ͢ ͱ͏Ζɽ͞Ηͺ 1 ೖ͍ͪΕͲ 2 ૌҐ৏͗ཤ༽͢ͱ͏Ζܯ ࢋͲ͍ΕɾଲেͳͤΖஏҮ͹وໝͶ΍ΓΖ͗ɾҲͯ͹໪ ҈Ͷ͵ΖͳࢧΚΗΖɽ ଠ͹ࢨඬͳ͢ͱɾγʖϑηཤส੓͗૟ఈ͠ΗΖɽ͖͢ ͢͵͗Δɾ͞͹ඉࡔແద͵สӻ͹඲ՃͶͯ͏ͱͺɾखӀ αηφͳ͢ͱ߶͚͵Ζܑ޴Ͷ͍Εɾ಍೘Ͷ͕͏ͱύʖχ ϩͳ͵Ζ17ʥ_{͞ͳ͗ࢨఢ͠Ηͱ͏Ζɽͨ͹ͪΌɾυʖν} ͹फॄ͗؈ҝͲ͍Εɾ͖ͯγʖϑη͹࣯Ν୴ฯͤΖ͹Ͷ ༙ް͵ࢨඬ͹અఈ͗๮Ή͢͏ɽ ͨ͞Ͳɾྭͳ͢ͱʰχΠςʖχΠʱͲ͍Ζ͞ͳɾʰଲ Ԣ࣎ؔଵ͹ௗ͠ʱΝఈ੓దͶ඲ՃͤΖ͞ͳͶՅ͓ͱɾଲ Ԣୣ੔ིʤཤ༽͹གྷ๮Ͷଲ͢ͱഓऄΝ׮྅ͪׄ͢߻ʥΝ γʖϑηཤส੓͹඲ՃͳͤΖ͞ͳͲɾ଎ఈαηφΝ࠹ঘ ݸͶͳʹΌͯͯɾ࣯͹ϠωνϨϱήΝͲ͘Ζͳߡ͓Δ ΗΖɽ Ґ৏ΓΕɾߡࡱΝ΀Ή͓ͱ఑ҌͤΖ඲ՃࢨඬͺҐԾ͹ ͳ͕ΕͲ͍Ζɽ ʀγʖϑη͹ཤ༽յ਼ ʀཤ༽ͶؖͤΖγʖϑη͹གྷ݇ఈ͕ٝΓ;ଲԢୣ੔ི Ήͪɾࣆۂ඲ՃغؔͺɾӣӨ͹୴͏घͳ͵Ζૌ৭͗ଚ ࡑ͢ͱ͏Ζ৖߻Ͳɾ಍೘઴ 1 ೧͖Δ 3 ೧ఖౕͳ಍೘ޛ 2 ೧ؔΝ߻Κͦͪ 3 ʛ 5 ೧ؔఖౕ͗๮Ή͢͏ɽ

 ͕ΚΕͶ

ຌߚͲͺɾࠅ಼Ͷ͕͜Ζ SIB ͹಍೘ࣆྭΝଲেͶɾ SIB ͹಍೘ͶࢺΖܨҤΏϕϫιηɾ඲ՃࢨඬΏࡡݰ໪ඬ ͹અఈͶؖͤΖ߻қܙ੔գఖΝ໎Δ͖Ͷͪ͢ɽ͞ΗΉͲ ஏҮި௪ͶؖͤΖ՟ୌͺɾ͠Ή͡Ή͵Πϕϫʖο͗੕ࡨ దͶ΍ָढ़దͶ΍ݗ౾͠Ηͱͪ͘஦Ͳɾ౦ࣁΝݼ;ࠒ΋ ͳ͏͑ࢻ఼Ͳ͹ΠϕϫʖοΝ఑Ҍ͢ͱ͏Ζ఼Ͳͺɾ৿ͪ ͵Ն೵੓Νࣖͤ͞ͳ͗Ͳͪ͘ͳߡ͓ͱ͏ΖɽSIB ͹಍೘

ࣆྭͶͯ͏ͱɾΓΕ੠៝͵ࣆে͹೼ѴͶ޴͜ͱͺɾ෵߻ దͶଡֱద͵ࢻ఼͖Δɾͤ͵Κͬ஦ؔࢩԋૌ৭Ґ֐͹ؖ ܐकରͶଲͤΖซ͘खΕΝ߻ΚͦͱࣰࢬͤΖ͞ͳ͗๮Ή ͢͏ɽ௒ࠬ͹੏༁৏ɾ͞͹఼Ͷͯ͏ͱຌݜڂͲͺࢺͮͱ ͏͵͏ͪΌɾࠕޛ͹՟ୌͳͪ͢͏ɽ ःࣛ ຌݜڂͺɾ2016 ೧ౕΦυΡτʖζݜڂඇخેݜڂήϧϱφ ͹ঁ੔Νण͜ͱࣰࢬͪ͢ɽΉͪɾ௒ࠬ͹ࣰࢬͶ͍ͪΕɾҲൢࡔ ஄๑ਕऀճద౦ࣁਬ਒ࡔ஄Ͷଡ୉͵ڢྙΝಚͪɽى͢ͱޜླਅ ͢৏͝Ζɽ ஭ए ஭ 1ʥ λʖεϡϩʀϓΟ΢ψϱηऀ͹ HP 9ʥ_{ىࡎυʖνΝࢂলɽ} ஭ 2ʥ Ϗ΢ϫρφࣆۂʤԥਤծࢤʀ೎࡜ࢤʀෳԮࢤ౵Ͳ͹Ҍ݇ʥ ͺঈ͏ͱ͏Ζɽ ஭ 3ʥ OECD ͶΓΖ෾໼෾ྪͶخͰ͚ɽ ஭ 4ʥ ࠅౖި௪঴Ͳͺɾޮڠި௪ۯപஏͶ֚౲ͤΖՆे໚੷Ν ࢋड़ͤΖࡏɾώηం͖Δ 600mɾరಕӼ͖Δ 1km ݏ֐Νخ ६ͳ͢ͱࡀ༽͢ͱ͏Ζ͗ɾި௪ۯപஏͶͯ͏ͱ໎֮͵ఈٝ ͺఈΌΔΗͱ͏͵͏ɽఈྖదͶ൓இͤΖͪΌͶɾ৏ى͹Γ ͑ͶరಕӼΏώηం͖ΔൔܚՁඨϟʖφϩҐ৏ͳ൥ҕΝࢨ ఈ͢ͱ͏Ζྭ͗ଡ͏͗ɾಕ෱Ώࡖಕ͹ޱഓ͵ʹɾި௪ؽؖ ͹࢘͏Ώͤ͠Ν݀ΌΖགྷҾͺଡʓ͍ΖͪΌɾஏҮ͹ࣰ৚Ͷ ߻Κͦͪఈٝ͗චགྷͳ͵Ζɽݳয়Ͳͺɾߨ੕ɾި௪ࣆۂंɾ े຿େන౵Ͳߑ੔͠ΗΖ๑ఈڢ٠ճͶ͕͏ͱʰώηΏνέ εʖࣆۂं͖Δॉ෾͵༎ૻγʖϑη͗఑ڛ͠ΗͥɾஏҮ͹ ި௪ΏҢಊ੏༁ं͹༎ૻ֮͗ฯ͠Ηͱ͏͵͏ʱͳ೟ΌΔΗ ͪͳ͘Ͷɾި௪ۯപஏͳࢨఈ͠ΗΖɽ Ӏ༽ชݛ 1ʥ ࠅౖި௪঴ʤ2015ʥʤࢂল 2019.5.19ʥʁࠅՊકྲྀಝۢ WG ϐ ΠϨϱήઈ໎ࣁྋɾʤΨϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ઎ʬhttps://www.kantei. go.jp/jp/singi/tiiki/kokusentoc_wg/hearing_s/150917shiryou04-01. pdfʭɿ 2ʥ ీ஦ߠࢤʤ2009ʥʁ஦ࢃؔஏҮͶ͕͜Ζޮڠި௪͹՟ୌͳ ఴ๮ɾܨࡃஏཀྵָ೧ๅ 55 ת 1 ߺɾpp.33-48ɿ 3ʥ ౖҬหʤ2008ʥʁޮڠި௪ΝखΕת͚ෝ͹ηϏ΢ϧϩ͖Δ ͹୦٭ͳࣆۂकରᴹΉͬͰ͚Εͳ૱߻ި௪੕ࡨͳܨӨ͹ࢻ఼ ͖Δɾӣ༎ͳܨࡃ 68ʤ4ʥɾpp.24-32ɿ 4ʥ ࢤઔՇҲʤ2013ʥʁસࠅࢤۢ௒͖ࠬΔΊͪαϝϣωτΡώ ηʀ৒߻νέεʖ͹಍೘ʀӣߨʀཤ༽͹સࠅదࣰସͶؖͤΖ ߡࡱʁʰ࣍କՆ೵͵ਫ਼׈ި௪ʱ͹ࢻ఼Ͷ஥໪͢ͱɾި௪ָݜ ڂʁݜڂ೧ๅʤ56ʥɾpp.107-114ɿ 5ʥ ԥࢃ୉ืɾฤԮਜ਼দʤ2003ʥʁαϝϣωτΡώη͹಍೘ϕ ϫιηͳ࣑ࣙରؔഀٶͶؖͤΖߡࡱʗ౨ښۛ߭͹ࣆྭΓΕɾ ౐ࢤܯժ࿨ชॄ 38ʤ3ʥɾpp 481-486ɿ 6ʥ ಼ֵැʤ2019ʥʤࢂল 2019.9.30ʥʁʰ੔ௗકྲࣰྀߨܯժʱɾ ʤΨϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ઎ʬhttps://www5.cao.go.jp/keizai-shimon/ kaigi/minutes/2019r/0621/shiryo_01.pdfʭɿ 7ʥ ࠅౖި௪঴ʤ2018ʥʤࢂল 2019.9.30ʥʁࣙՊ༽༙ঊྃٮӣ ૻύϱχϔρέɾʤΨϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ઎ʬhttps://www5.cao. go.jp/keizai-shimon/kaigi/minutes/2019r/0621/shiryo_01.pdfʭɿ 8ʥ ಼ֵැʤ2013ʥʤࢂল 2019.5.19ʥʁڠঁऀճͰ͚Ε͹ਬ਒Ͷ ޴͜ͱʛ࿨఼͹੖ཀྵͳࠕޛ͹٠࿨͹਒Ό๏Ͷͯ͏ͱʛɾʤΨ ϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ઎ʬhttps://www.npo-homepage.go.jp/uploads/ report33_matome.pdfʭɿ

9ʥ SIB database, Social Finance Limitedɾʤ ࢂ ল 2019.5.19ʥʤ Ψ ϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ઎ʬhttps://sibdatabase.socialfi nance.org.uk/ʭ 10ʥ ਈ಺ઔݟ੕ࡨݜڂʀ୉ָ࿊ܠιϱνʖʤ2015ʥʁλʖεϡ

ϩʀ΢ϱϏέφʀϚϱχ͹಍೘Ն೵੓ͳ՟ୌɾฑ੔ 26 ೧ౕ ௒ࠬๅࠄॽɿ

11ʥ Nicholls, Alex and Emma Tomkinson (2013): The Peterborough Pilot Social Impact Bond, Saïd Business School, University of Oxford. 12ʥ ౞໨޼Ҳʤ2016ʥʁλʖεϡϩʀ΢ϱϏέφʀϚϱχ͹ʰ࿨ ఼ʱʁ׈༽͹ͪΌ͹઴఑Νߡ͓Ζɾࣆۂ૓ଆ୉ָӅ୉ָنགྷ 7ʤ1ʥɾpp.97-111ɿ 13ʥ ґ౽݊ɾཚ߻એ՜ɾ߀ஏਜ਼धʤ2016ʥʤࢂল 2019.5.19ʥʁ ೖຌ൝ϖϩηίΠλʖεϡϩʀ΢ϱϏέφʀϚϱχ͹خ ຌద͵ߡ͓๏ɾฑ੔ 27 ೧ౕ݊߃थໍԈ৵ࢊۂ૓ड़ਬ਒ࣆ ۂʤϖϩηίΠϑζϋη૓ड़ࢩԋ౵ʥɾʤΨϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ ઎ʬhttps://www.meti.go.jp/policy/mono_info_service/healthcare/ chiiki/pdf/28fy_h-sib.pdfʭɿ

14ʥ Global Social Impact Investment Steering Group ʤGSGʥ ࠅ ಼ ࣀ໲җҽճʤ2019ʥʁೖຌͶ͕͜Ζऀճద΢ϱϏέφ౦ࣁ͹ ݳয় 2018ɾʤΨϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ઎ʬhttp://www.siif.or.jp/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/G8-Impact_Investment_2018-2.pdfʭɿ 15ʥ ୉࿪૱ݜʤ2016ʥʁλʖεϡϩʀ΢ϱϏέφʀϚϱχ͹ࠅ ࡏద͵ொླྀ 16ʥ הࣞճऀೖຌ૱߻ݜڂॶʤ2018ʥʁλʖεϡϩʀ΢ϱϏέ φʀϚϱχ͹෕ٶͶ޴ͪ͜՟ୌͳఴ๮ʛસࠅ࣑ࣙରΠϱί ʖφ௒ࠬ͹݃ՎΝಁΉ͓ͱɾʤΨϱϧ΢ϱʥɾ೘घ઎ʬhttps:// www.jri.co.jp/page.jsp?id=32806ʭɿ

17ʥ Michael J. Roy, Neil McHugh, & Stephen Sinclair (2018)ʤ ࢂ ল 2019.9.18ʥʁA Critical Reflection on Social Impact Bonds, Stanford Social Innovation Reviewɾʤ Ψ ϱ ϧ ΢ ϱ ʥɾ ೘ घ ઎ ʬhttps://ssir.org/articles/entry/a_critical_reflection_on_social_

impact_bondsʭɿ