䊡䊷䊨࿤⚻ᷣ䈫䊥䉴䊗䊮ᚢ⇛ 㩷

⺰㩷 ᢥ㩷

䊡䊷䊨࿤⚻ᷣ䈫䊥䉴䊗䊮ᚢ⇛ ^㩷

੩ㇺቇ࿦ᄢቇ ⚻ᷣቇㇱ

ౝጊ 㓉ᄦ

ⷐ㩷 ᣦ㩷

ᧄⓂߪ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⚻ᷣേะߦ⌕⋡ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ᡷ⸓ߩ⢛᥊ࠍ⚛ឬߒ㧘ᣂ࡝ࠬ

ࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ․ᓽࠍᨆ಴ߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢవߕ㧘᰷Ꮊ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߩ᡽╷૕

♽ߩ೙ᐲ⊛ᨒ⚵ߺࠍ᭎⺑ߒ㧘ߘߩᓟࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣേะߦ⌕⋡ߒߥ߇ࠄ㊄Ⲣ࡮⽷᡽᡽╷ߩዷ㐿 ࠍ〔ߠߌࠆ㧚᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ ᐕ ᦬㧘ࠦ࠶ࠢႎ๔ᦠߦ߅ߌࠆ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩਛ㑆⊛⹏ଔ ߣ᭴ㅧᜰᮡߩᄌൻߦᾖࠄߒߡ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ࠍޟㆬᛯߣ㓸ਛޠߩⷰὐ߆ࠄో㕙⊛ߦ⷗⋥ߒ㧘 ᣂ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ࠍ╷ቯߒߚ߇㧘ߘߩਥߥ․ᓽߪᰴߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧚ᣂ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪᚑ㐳ߣ 㓹↪ߦ㊀ὐࠍ⟎ߊߛߌߢߥߊ㧘㧟ࡨᐕ㧝๟ᦼߩ᡽╷ᒻᚑࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍዉ౉ߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘'7

࡟ࡌ࡞ߣട⋖ฦ࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩޟᚑ㐳ߣ㓹↪ߩߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊޠߩᵴᕈൻࠍ߼ߑߔ㧚 ᣂ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪ '7 ⚻ᷣߩଏ⛎ࠨࠗ࠼ߩᒝൻࠍၮ⺞ߣߔࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᗧ࿑ߪޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠ ߩᡷᱜߦࠃࠆ㔛ⷐࠨࠗ࠼ߩ቟ቯൻߦࠃߞߡ߽⵬ᒝߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇⋴ㆊߐࠇߡߪߥࠄߥ

޿㧚

䉨䊷䊪䊷䊄㪑᰷Ꮊ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛㧘᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛ

䋱䋮㩷 䈲㩷 䈛㩷 䉄㩷 䈮㩷

᰷Ꮊㅪว㧔European Union㧘એਅ㧘'7 ߣ⇛⸥㧚 㧕ߪ㧘ᣂߒ޿਎♿ߦ౉ߞߡ߆ࠄ߽᜛ᄢߒ㧘ᷓൻߒߡ޿

ࠆ㧚'7 ߩ೨りߣߥࠆ᰷Ꮊ⍹὇㋕㍑ห⋖European Coal and Steel Communityߩේട⋖࿖ߪ㧢ࡨ࿖ߢ޽ߞߚ ߇㧘'7 ߪߎࠇ߹ߢߦ㧡࿁㧘ᣂⷙട⋖࿖ࠍฃߌ౉ࠇ㧘 ᐕߦ߽㧞ࡨ࿖߇ട⋖ߔࠆ

㧚'7 ߪ⃻࿷㧘 ࡨ࿖

߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇ㧘ੱญ ం ਁੱ㧘࿖ౝ✚↢↥ ళ ం࡙࡯ࡠ㧔 ᐕ㧕ߩ਎⇇ᦨᄢߩ⚻ᷣ࿤

ߦᚑ㐳ߒߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ '7 ട⋖࿖㑆ߩ⚻ᷣ⛔วߩᐲว޿ߪ⇣ߥࠅ㧘ߘߩਛᩭߦ૏⟎ߔࠆߩ߇㧘᰷Ꮊ⚻ᷣㅢ

⽻ห⋖㧔 European Economic and Monetary Union㧘એਅ㧘⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖㧘ߣ⇛⸥㧚 㧕ෳട ࡨ࿖ߢ޽ࠆ

㧚

1

2007 ᐕߦߪ㧘ࡉ࡞ࠟ࡝ࠕߣ࡞࡯ࡑ࠾ࠕ߇EUߦട⋖ߔࠆ⷗ㄟߺߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ઁߩട⋖୥⵬࿖㧔ࠢࡠࠕ࠴ࠕ㧘ࡑࠤ࠼࠾ࠕ㧕ߩߘ ߩᓟߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘 ޟ᰷Ꮊᙗᴺ᧦⚂ޠߩᛕಎࠍᎼࠆ᡽ᴦേะߣኒធߦ㑐ଥߔࠆߚ߼੍ᢿࠍ⸵ߐߥ޿㧚

2

᰷Ꮊ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߪ1999ᐕ㧝᦬ߦ11 ࡨ࿖ߢ⊒⿷ߒߚ߇㧘 2001ᐕ߆ࠄߪࠡ࡝ࠪࡖ߽‛ଔ቟ቯߣ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩ೥ᷫߦᚑഞߒ㧘᰷Ꮊ⚻ᷣ

ㅢ⽻ห⋖ߦෳടߒߚ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘 2007 ᐕ1 ᦬߆ࠄߪࠬࡠࡌ࠾ࠕ߇ᣥਛ᧲᰷⻉࿖ߩਛߢೋ߼ߡෳടߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚

ߎߩ ࡨ࿖ߪන৻౒ㅢㅢ⽻ޟ࡙࡯ࡠޠࠍ૶↪ߔࠆߩߢ㧘৻⥸ߦޟ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ޠߣ๭߫ࠇ㧘ੱญߢ '7 ߩ 㧑㧘 )&2 ߢߪ 㧑ࠍභ߼㧘ᢥሼㅢࠅ '7 ⚻ᷣߩਛᩭߢ޽ࠆ㧚

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ㊄Ⲣ࡮⽷᡽᡽╷ߦࠃࠆ⚻ᷣㆇ༡ߩ․ᓽߪ㧘ߥߦࠃࠅ߽᡽╷૕♽ߩ㕖ኻ⒓ᕈߦ޽ࠆ㧚࡙࡯ࡠ

࿤ోၞߢ৻ߟߩㅢ⽻߇ᵹㅢߒ㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߪ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕEuropean Central Bankߩኾ▤੐㗄ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘⽷

᡽᡽╷਄ߩᮭ㒢ߪ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ෳടฦ࿖ߩ᡽ᐭߦዻߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤⚻ᷣߩ ലᨐ⊛ߥㆇ༡ߩߚ߼ߦߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߣ࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߩ⽷᡽᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛ߇ਇนᰳߣߥࠆ㧚 ߘߩඨ㕙㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߪ࿾ℂ⊛ߦ߽ᐢ▸࿐ߦ෸߮㧘ߒ߫ߒ߫ฦ࿖ߩ᥊ᴫ߇⇣ߥࠆߚ߼㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߦࠃ ࠆ৻ర⊛ߥ᡽╷ㆇ༡ࠍ⽷᡽㕙߆ࠄᓸ⺞ᢛߔࠆ✭ⴣⵝ⟎߽ᔅⷐߦߥࠆ㧚ߎߩᗧ๧ߢ߽࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩࡑࠢࡠ⚻

ᷣࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕ߿ฦ࿖᡽ᐭߥߤ᡽╷ߩᜂ޿ᚻߩᜬߟ᡽╷ᒻᚑ⢻ജߦᄢ߈ߊଐሽߔࠆ㧚 ߒ߆ࠆߦㄭᐕ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩߺߥࠄߕ '7 ో૕ߩࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬ߇㧘ߣߊߦ☨࿖ߣߩᲧセߢ

⋧ኻ⊛ߦ⷗ഠࠅߔࠆߎߣ߇ '7 ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢ᡽ᴦ໧㗴ൻߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚 ᐕઍᧃ߹ߢߩ '7 ⚻ᷣߪ㧘☨࿖ߦࠠࡖ

࠶࠴࡮ࠕ࠶ࡊߔࠆࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ㗅⺞ߦᱠࠎߢ߈ߚ߇㧘 ᐕઍߦ౉ࠆߣ㧘'7 ߣ☨࿖ߣߩ⚻ᷣᩰᏅ߇ౣ߮

᜛ᄢߒᆎ߼ߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ታ㓙㧘'7 ߩ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸㧘↢↥ᕈ਄᣹₸㧘ߘߒߡ㓹↪ߩિ߮₸ߪ޿ߕࠇ߽☨࿖

ࠍਅ࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߘߩਛߢ㓹↪ࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬߪ㧘☨࿖ߣߩᩰᏅ߇Ყセ⊛ዊߐ޿㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘'7 ߩᚑ㐳ࡄ

࠲࡯ࡦ߇ഭ௛㓸⚂⊛ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߩற⸽ߢ߽޽ࠆ߇㧘'7 ߩᄬᬺ₸ߪߒ߆ߒ㧘☨࿖ࠍ਄࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎ߁ߒ ߚਛ㧘 ᐕ ᦬ߦ࡝ࠬࡏࡦߢ㐿௅ߐࠇߚ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘'7 ⚻ᷣࠍ ᐕ߹ߢߦޟࠃࠅᄙߊߩ߆ߟࠃ ࠅ⾰ߩ⦟޿⡯႐ߣࠃࠅᄢ߈ߥ␠ળ⊛⚿᧤ࠍ⏕଻ߒߥ߇ࠄᜬ⛯⊛ߦ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߔࠆߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆ㧘਎⇇ߢ߽

ߞߣ߽┹੎ജߩ޽ࠆ߆ߟ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢߥ⍮⼂ၮ⋚⚻ᷣޠ߳ߣ૕⾰ᡷༀߔࠆߎߣࠍ᳿⼏ߒߚ

㧚ߘߩߚ߼ߩ

᡽╷߇㧘৻⥸ߦޟ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ޠ 㧔 Lisbon Strategy㧕ߣ✚⒓ߐࠇࠆ㧚

ߒ߆ߒ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪ㧘ߘߩ⋡ᮡ߇㕖Ᏹߦ㊁ᔃ⊛ߢ޽ߞߚߛߌߦ㧘ߘߩㅴ᝞ᐲߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߦᦼᓙߪߕࠇ ߢ㧘ᄙߊߩᚢ⇛⋡ᮡ߇ਛ㑆ᤨὐߢߔߢߦ㆐ᚑ࿎㔍ߣߺࠄࠇߚ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߪ ᐕ ᦬㧘 ޡᚑ 㐳ߣ㓹↪ߩߚ߼ߩ౒ห૞ᬺ㧙࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩߚ߼ߩᣂߒ޿ࠬ࠲࡯࠻㧙ޢ

ࠍ⊒⴫ߒ㧘หᐕ ᦬㐿௅ߩޟᤐ ߩ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળޠ߽ߎߩᣇ㊎ࠍᛚ⹺ߒ㧘ߘߩߚ߼ߩᣂߒ޿ᨒ⚵ߺࠍ⸳ቯߒ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪౣࠬ࠲࡯࠻ࠍ

ಾߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚

ᧄⓂߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⚻ᷣേะߦᵈ⋡ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ᡷ⸓ߩ⢛᥊ࠍ⚛ឬߒ㧘ᣂ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ

․ᓽࠍᨆ಴ߔࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ߼ߦవߕ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߦ߅ߌࠆ᡽╷૕♽ߩ೙ᐲ⊛ߥᨒ⚵ߺࠍ᭎ⷰߒߚߩߜ㧘ࡑࠢ

ࡠ⚻ᷣേะߦ⌕⋡ߒߥ߇ࠄ㧘㊄Ⲣ࡮⽷᡽᡽╷ߩዷ㐿ࠍ〔ߠߌࠆ㧚ߘߩᓟ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩਛ㑆⊛ᚑᨐࠍ

〯߹߃㧘ᣂ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ․ᓽࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߔࠆ㧚

ᧄⓂߩ⠨ኤࠍㅢߓߡ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪޟㆬᛯߣ㓸ਛޠߩⷰὐ߆ࠄో㕙⊛ߦᡷ⸓ߐࠇߚߎߣ㧘߹ߚᣂ࡝

ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߣ㓹↪ࠍࠃࠅ㊀ⷞߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ታലᕈߩᡷༀߩߚ߼ߩᣂߚߥᎿᄦ߽ᣉߐࠇߡ޿

ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁㧚

㩷

3

European Council(2000), Presidency Conclusions: Lisbon European Council 23 and 24 March 2000㧚

4

European Commission(2005), Working together for growth and jobs:A new start for Lisbon Strategy, COM(2005) 24 final,

02.02.2005.

䋲䋮㩷 ᡽㩷 ╷㩷 ૕㩷 ♽㩷 䈱㩷 ೙㩷 ᐲ㩷 ⊛㩷 ᨒ㩷 ⚵㩷 䉂㩷 䋲䋭䋱䋮⚻ᷣ⛔ว䈫᡽╷૕♽㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

⚻ᷣ⛔วߣߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩ࿖࡮࿾ၞ߇⚻ᷣ೙ᐲࠍ⋧੕ߦ⺞ᢛߒߚࠅ㧘⚻ᷣ᡽╷਄ߩᮭ㒢ࠍ౒᦭ߒ㧘౒ㅢ᡽

╷ࠍታᣉߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚 '7ߪ㧘 ᐕߦ᰷Ꮊ⍹὇㋕㍑ห⋖ߣߒߡ⺀↢ߒ㧘 ߘߩᓟ߽ ޟ᜛ᄢޠ Enlargement ߣޟᷓൻޠDeepeningࠍ⛯ߌࠆ㧚ߎߎߢ޿߁ޟ᜛ᄢޠߣߪട⋖࿖ᢙߩჇടߢ޽ࠅ㧘 ޟᷓൻޠߣߪ౒ㅢ᡽

╷ߩ᜛ᒛߢ޽ࠆ㧚᰷Ꮊ⍹὇㋕㍑ห⋖ߩේട⋖࿖ߪ㧢ࡨ࿖ߢ޽ߞߚ߇㧘'7 ട⋖࿖ߪ⃻࿷㧘 ࡨ࿖ߦߩ߷

ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ '7 ⚻ᷣߩౝㇱߪ᳿ߒߡဋ⾰ߢߪߥߊ㧘ߘߩታᘒߪޟਃ㊀᭴ㅧޠߣߒߡᛠីߐࠇߥߌ ࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿㧚ߔߥࠊߜ㧘'7 ోട⋖࿖߆ࠄߥࠆޟ'7ޠ 㧘޿ࠊࠁࠆᣥਛ᧲᰷ ࡨ࿖ ᐕ ᦬ട⋖㧕 ࠍ㒰ߊᲧセ⊛⼾߆ߥ࿖߆ࠄߥࠆޟ'7ޠ 㧘ߘߒߡන৻౒ㅢㅢ⽻ޟ࡙࡯ࡠޠࠍዉ౉ߒߡ޿ࠆ ࡨ࿖߆ࠄߥ ࠆޟ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ޠߩਃ㊀᭴ㅧߢ޽ࠅ㧘⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖߇ '7 ⚻ᷣߩਛᩭߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢߪ㧘 ޟ߭ߣߟߩᏒ႐ޠ ߇⺀↢ߒ㧘 ޟ߭ߣߟߩㅢ⽻ޠ߇૶↪ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ '7ߪ㧘ട⋖࿖ߩ৻ㇱߣߪ޿߃㧘⚻ᷣ⛔วߩ ᦨ㜞Ბ㓏ߦ೔㆐ߒߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘⚻ᷣ⛔วߩ⊒ዷᲑ㓏ߣฦ࿖⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩᘒ᭽ߩℂᔨ⊛ߥኻᔕ㑐ଥߪ㧘 ╙䋱⴫

ߩࠃ߁ߦ➙߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚

╙䋱⴫㩷 ⛔วᲑ㓏䈫ฦ࿖⚻ᷣ᡽╷䈱ᘒ᭽㩷

୘ ೎ ⚻ ᷣ ᡽ ╷

⛔วᲑ㓏ᒻᘒ ) ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩᘒ᭽

#) #* (- )2 +2 .2 42 92

⁛ ⥄ ᕈ 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 EFTA

⥄↱⾏ᤃ࿤ ) ⺞ ๺ ൻ 㨗 㨓 㨗 㨗 㨗 㨗 㨗 㨗

⁛ ⥄ ᕈ 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨗 EEA

㧔⥄↱⾏ᤃදቯ㧕 ⺞ ๺ ൻ 㨗 㨓 㨗 㨗 㨓 㨗 㨗 㨔

⁛ ⥄ ᕈ 㨗 㨗 㨔 㨓 㨓 㨔 㨗 㨗 EC 㑐⒢ห⋖㧘

ၞౝᏒ႐㧗EMS ౒ห૕᡽╷ 㨔 㨔 㨓 㨓 㨓 㨗 㨔 㨔

⁛ ⥄ ᕈ 㨗 㨗 㨓 㨗 㨓 㨔 㨗 㨗

⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖

ၞౝᏒ႐㧗න৻ㅢ⽻ ) ౒ห૕᡽╷ 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨔 㨓 㨓 㨔 㨔

㧔ᵈ㧕୘೎⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ⸥ภߪ㧘ᰴߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧚AGߪㄘᬺ᡽╷㧘AH ߪኻᄖㅢ໡㧔㑐⒢㧕᡽╷㧘FK ߪ⽷᡽᡽╷㧘GPߪ⽻ᐊ࡮

ㅢ⽻᡽╷㧘IP ߪ↥ᬺ࡮᭴ㅧ᡽╷㧘 LP ߪ⾓㊄࡮␠ળ᡽╷㧔␠ળ⊛ࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊ㧕 㧘RP ߪ࿾ၞ᡽╷㧘WPߪ┹੎᡽╷㧔᳃

㑆ㇱ㐷ߣ౏⊛ㇱ㐷㧘౏㐿౉ᧅ㧕ࠍ␜ߔ㧚߹ߚ㧘h, g, kߩ⸥ภߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩࡔ࡞ࠢࡑ࡯࡞ߦ⌕⋡ߒߚ႐วߩෳടฦ࿖ߩ୘೎

⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ⁁ᘒࠍ␜ߒ㧘 ޟ㜞޿࡮ᒝ޿࡮ቢోߥޠ႐วߪ㨔ߢ㧘 ޟዊߐ޿࡮ᒙ޿ޠ႐วߪ㨓ߢ㧘 ޟᰳᅤߔࠆޠ႐วߪ㨗ߢ␜߼ߐࠇ ߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߥ߅㧘ේ⪺ߩ⴫ߢߪ㧘 EC ߩ౒ห૕᡽╷ߦߪޟ⺞๺ൻޠ߇㧘⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߩ౒ห૕᡽╷ߦߪޟ㓸ᮭൻߣ⋧੕⺞ᢛޠ ߣઃ⸥ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘 EMS ߪ㧘 European Monetary System 㧔᰷Ꮊㅢ⽻೙ᐲ㧕ߩ⇛ߢ޽ࠆ㧚

㧔಴ᚲ㧕 Breuss(1994), S. 121,Tab. 5.

ߎߎߢ ╙䋱⴫ߦၮߠ޿ߡ㧘'7 ߩᷓൻࠍ〔ߠߌߡߺࠃ߁㧚 ᐕ ᦬ߦ౒ㅢㄘᬺ᡽╷߇ዉ౉ߐࠇ㧘

ᐕ ᦬ߦߪၞౝ㑐⒢߇᠗ᑄߐࠇࠆߣหᤨߦኻᄖ⊛ߦ߽౒ㅢ㑐⒢᡽╷߇ታᣉߐࠇ㧘㑐⒢ห⋖߇ቢᚑߒߚ㧚 ߐࠄߦ ᐕ ᦬ߦߪᏒ႐⛔ว߇ታᣉߐࠇ㧘ߘߩᓟ߽ੱ࡮ࡕࡁ࡮ࠨ࡯ࡆࠬ࡮⾗ᧄ߇⥄↱ߦ⒖േߢ߈ࠆ

ၞౝᏒ႐ߩቢᚑߦะߌߡߩขࠅ⚵ߺ߇⛮⛯ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚 ߘߒߡ ᐕ ᦬ߦߪ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖߇⊒⿷ߒ㧘 න৻౒ㅢㅢ⽻ޟ࡙࡯ࡠޠ߇ዉ౉ߐࠇ㧘 ᐕ ᦬߆ࠄߪ࡙࡯ࡠ⚕ᐊߣ⎬⽻߇⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ෳട ࡨ࿖

ߢᵹㅢߒᆎ߼ߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚

䋲䋭䋲䋮㕖ኻ⒓⊛䈭᡽╷૕♽㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

ߢߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ᡽╷૕♽ߪߤߩࠃ߁ߦ᭴▽ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߩߛࠈ߁߆㧚ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣㆇ༡ߩၮゲߣߥࠆ㊄ Ⲣ࡮⽷᡽᡽╷ߦὶὐࠍᒰߡߥ߇ࠄ㧘(ࡉࡠࠗࠬFritz Breussߦߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘ߘߩ․ᓽߣ໧㗴ὐࠍ᭎ⷰߒ ߡߺࠃ߁

㧚⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߩ⊒⿷ߪ㧘ෳടฦ࿖߇ߘࠇߙࠇߩㅢ⽻ࠍᑄ⽻ߣߒ㧘ฦ࿖ߦ౒ㅢߔࠆන৻ㅢ⽻ࠍ ዉ౉ߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘ฦ࿖ߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷਄ߩᮭ㒢ࠍ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߦᆔ⼑ߔࠆߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߔࠆ㧚

ઁᣇ㧘⽷᡽᡽╷਄ߩ᳿ቯߪ㧘ฦ࿖᡽ᐭߩᮭ㒢ߦዻߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚߽ߞߣ߽ฦ࿖ߦߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߦࠃࠆ㊄ Ⲣ᡽╷ߩታലᕈࠍ⏕଻ߔࠆߚ߼㧘ߣࠅࠊߌࠗࡦࡈ࡟࡮࡝ࠬࠢࠍシᷫߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘ㆊᐲߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼࠍ࿁ㆱ ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢߩޟ⽷᡽ⷙᓞޠfiscal disciplineߩㆩ቞߇⟵ോߠߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ ߁ߦ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߦ߅ߌࠆ㊄Ⲣ࡮⽷᡽᡽╷਄ߩᮭ㒢ߪ㧘㕖ኻ⒓⊛asymmetricߦ㈩ಽߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ㧘᡽╷

૕♽ߣߒߡߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈࠍ⏕଻ߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪ᡽╷ߩᜂ޿ᚻ⋧੕ߩ⺞ᢛ߇ਇนᰳߣߥࠆ㧚ߘߎߢవߕ㧘㊄ Ⲣ᡽╷ߩၮᧄ⊛ᨒ⚵ߺࠍ᭎ⷰߒࠃ߁㧚

᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩਥⷐߥ⋡⊛ߪ㧘‛ଔ቟ቯߩታ⃻ߢ޽ࠆ㧔౒ห૕᧦⚂╙ ᧦╙ 㗄㧕 㧚ߒ߆ߒหᤨߦ㧘

‛ଔ቟ቯߩ⋡⊛ߦ෻ߒߥ޿߆߉ࠅ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳㧘ቢో㓹↪ߩታ⃻ࠍ⋡ᜰߔ౒ห૕ߩ᡽╷ࠍ ᡰេߔߴ߈ߢ޽ࠆߣ߽ⷙቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧔᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕ೙ᐲ࡮᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⼏ቯᦠ㧘╙㧞᧦㧕 㧚 ߣߎࠈ߇㧘౒ห૕᧦⚂ߪ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩਥⷐ⋡⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‛ଔ቟ቯࠍ᣿⏕ߦⷙቯߒߡ޿ߥ޿㧚ߘߎߢ᰷

Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪ㧘 ᐕ ᦬ߩ᡽╷ᆔຬળGoverning Councilߢ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ታᣉߩߚ߼ߩᢙ୯⋡ᮡߣߘߩ ታ⃻ߦะߌߚᚢ⇛ࠍ᳿ቯߒߚ㧚ߘࠇߦࠃࠇ߫㧘‛ଔߩ቟ቯߣߪ㧘 ޟ✚วᶖ⾌⠪‛ଔᜰᢙ*+%2ߩ਄᣹₸

߇ᐕ₸ߢ㧞㧑ᧂḩ㧘߆ߟ㧞㧑ߦㄭ޿⁁ᘒޠߣቯ⟵ߐࠇ

㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ታᣉߩߚ߼ߩ㧞ߟߩᩇ߇↪ᗧߐࠇߚ

㧚

╙㧝ߩᩇߪ㧘ᐢ⟵ߩ⽻ᐊଏ⛎ߩિ߮₸ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ / ߩિ߮₸߇ 㧑ߦ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚╙㧞 ߩᩇߪ㧘⊛⏕ߥࠗࡦࡈ࡟੍᷹ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎߩߚ߼ߦࡑࠢࡠ⚻੍᷹ᷣ߇૞ᚑߐࠇ㧘 ᐕએ㒠 ᦬ߣ ᦬ ߩᐕ㧞࿁౏⴫ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕ߇㧘᳿ߒߡᯏ᪾⊛ߥ᡽╷್ᢿࠍߒߡ޿ࠆߩߢߪߥ

޿ߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚឵⸒ߔࠇ߫㧘/ ߩિ߮₸ߪ⽻ᐊଏ⛎ߩෳᾖ୯ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ࡑࡀ࠲࡝࡯࡮࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠻

ߢߪߥ޿

㧚

᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩᚢ⇛ߪ߹ߚ㧘ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦ⺑᣿ߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ㧚᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪߔߋ਄ߢ⸒෸ߒߚࠃ ߁ߦ‛ଔ቟ቯߩᢙ୯⋡ᮡࠍ᣿␜ߒߚߚ߼㧘ࠗࡦࡈ࡟⋡ᮡࠍዉ౉ߒߚߣ߽޿ࠊࠇࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒߘࠇߪ㧘 ޟ⚐

5

Breuss (2002), S. 586 ff.

6

ECB (2004), p. 50 f. and p. 80 f. ߥ߅㧘‛ଔ቟ቯߩቯ⟵ߦ߅ߌࠆᓟඨㇱಽޟ㧞㧑ߦㄭ޿⁁ᘒޠߣߩ⴫⃻ߪ㧘࠺ࡈ࡟ࠍᗧ⼂ߒߡ2003 ᐕ 5 ᦬ߩ᡽╷ᆔຬળߢᒰೋߩቯ⟵ߦㅊടߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚

7

ECB (2004), p. 50f. and p. 55 ff. ෳᾖ୯ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘 p. 64 . Vgl. auch Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 104 ff.

8

ECB (2004), p. 56 and p. 62 f.

☴ߥࠗࡦࡈ࡟࡮࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣޠ᡽╷ߢߪߥ޿㧚᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪ㘩ຠ߿ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ଔᩰߥߤࠍ㒰ߊࠦ

ࠕ࡮ࠗࡦࡈ࡟₸ߩേ߈ࠍᵈⷞߒߟߟ㧘✚วᶖ⾌⠪‛ଔᜰᢙߩ਄᣹₸ࠍਛᦼ⊛ߦ㧞㧑એਅߦᛥ߃ࠃ߁ߣߒ ߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߩ߁߃᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪ㧘‛ଔߩ቟ቯߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣߩ቟ቯൻߦ߽㈩ᘦ ߔࠆ㧚ߎߩᗧ๧ߢ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߪޟિ❗⊛ߥࠗࡦࡈ࡟࡮࠲࡯ࠥ࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣޠ᡽╷ߣ․ᓽߠ ߌࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠃ߁

㧚

ߎ߁ߒߚ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߪ㧘⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ෳട࿖ߔߴߡߦㆡ↪ߐࠇࠆ↹৻⊛ߥ᡽╷㧔 one-size fit all policy㧕ߣߒߡዷ㐿ߐࠇࠆඨ㕙㧘ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣㆇ༡ߩ޿߹߭ߣߟ㊀ⷐߥ⥽ߣߥࠆࡈࠖࠬࠞ࡞࡮ࡐ࡝ࠪ

࡯ߪ㧘ฦ࿖᡽ᐭߩᮭ㒢ߦዻߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢᰴߦ㧘⽷᡽᡽╷ߩ೙ᐲ⊛ᨒ⚵ߺࠍ᭎ⷰߒߡߺࠃ߁㧚⚻ᷣㅢ

⽻ห⋖ߩෳട᧦ઙߩ߭ߣߟߦ⽷᡽ߩஜోᕈၮḰ߇޽ࠅ㧘ෳടฦ࿖ߪㆊᐲߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼࠍ࿁ㆱߔࠆߎߣ߇⟵

ോߠߌࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩߚ߼㧘ࡑ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࡅ࠻᧦⚂ߪ⼏ቯᦠߩਛߢ⽷᡽ߩஜోᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆၮḰ୯ࠍ᣿⏕

ߦⷙቯߒߚ㧚ߐࠄߦߘߩᓟߩࠕࡓࠬ࠹࡞࠳ࡓ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળ ᐕ ᦬㧕ߪ㧘⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ෳടฦ࿖ߩ᡼

Ẃߥ⽷᡽ㆇ༡ࠍ࿁ㆱߒ㧘 ޟᒝ޿࡙࡯ࡠޠࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߦޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠ 㧔 Stability and Growth Pactࠍ ណᛯߒߚ㧚ߎߩදቯߪ㧘ࡑ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࡅ࠻᧦⚂㧔╙ ᧦㨏㧕ߩਛߢⷙቯߐࠇߚ⽷᡽ⷙᓞߩㆩ቞ࠍଦߔᚻ

⛯߈ࠍⷙቯߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ㧘᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળ᳿⼏ߣ㧞ߟߩℂ੐ળⷙೣߩ㧟ߟߩᢥᦠ

߆ࠄߥࠅ㧘ߘߩ᭎ⷐߪ

ᰴߩ㧠㗄⋡ߦ㓸⚂ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ

㧚╙㧝ߦ㧘'7 ട⋖ฦ࿖ߪ㧘⽷᡽ࠍਛᦼ⊛ߦဋⴧ߽ߒߊߪ㤥ሼߦߒ ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿㧚ߎࠇߦ⛯ߊᰴߩ㧟㗄⋡ߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ⻉࿖ߩߺߦㆡ↪ߐࠇࠆ㧚╙㧞ߦ㧘ဋⴧ⽷᡽߽ߒߊ ߪ㤥ሼ⽷᡽ߩߚ߼ߦ࡙࡯ࡠ⻉࿖ߪᲤᐕ㧘ߘߩ೨ᐕߣᒰ⹥ᐕ߆ࠄᦨૐ㧠ࡨᐕߦߟ޿ߡߩ⽷᡽෼ᡰߣ㐳ᦼௌ

ോߩേะࠍಽᨆߒߚޟ቟ቯࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓޠStability Programsࠍ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߣ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߦឭ಴ߒߥߌࠇ߫

ߥࠄߥ޿㧚╙㧟ߦ㧘᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪฦ࿖ߩ⽷᡽⁁ᴫࠍᒰ⹥࿖ߩޟ቟ቯࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓޠߦၮߠ޿ߡክᩏߒ㧘⋡

ᮡ߆ࠄᄢ߈ߊਵ㔌ߒߡ޿ࠆ႐วߦߪ㧘ᒰ⹥࿖߳ߩᤚᱜ൘๔ࠍ౏⴫ߔࠆ㧚ߘߩᓟ߽⽷᡽⿒ሼ߇ᤚᱜߐࠇߥ

޿႐ว㧘╙㧠ߦ㧘ᒰ⹥࿖ߦߪ೙ⵙ㊄㧔ή೑ሶߩଏ⸤㊄㧕߇⑼ߖࠄࠇ㧘㧞ᐕᓟ߽ᤚᱜߐࠇߥߌࠇ߫ޟ⟏㊄ޠ ߣߒߡᴚ෼ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚

ޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠߩਛߢ᣿␜ߐࠇߚਛᦼ⊛ߥဋⴧ⽷᡽ߩේೣߪ㧘૗ࠃࠅ߽࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߢታᣉߐࠇࠆ৻ర

⊛ߥ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߩലᨐࠍ៊ߥࠊߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦߔࠆߚ߼ߩਇนᰳߥ᧦ઙߢ޽ࠆ㧚ㆊᐲߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼߪ࡙࡯ࡠߩା

⹺ࠍ⢿߆ߒ㧘ャ౉ࠗࡦࡈ࡟ߩ࡝ࠬࠢࠍჇᄢߐߖࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘㊄೑ߩ਄᣹࿶ജࠍ⺃⊒ߒ㧘⚿ᨐ⊛ߦߪࡑࠢ

ࡠ⚻ᷣߩ቟ቯᕈࠍ៊ߥ߁ߎߣߦߥࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎ߁ߒߚ⽷᡽ஜోൻ߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߪߐࠄߦ㧘⽷᡽ߦ⚵

ߺㄟ߹ࠇߚ⥄േ቟ቯൻⵝ⟎ߩ૞േⅣႺࠍᡷༀߔࠆߎߣߦ߽ߥࠆ㧚

䋲䋭䋳䋮⚻ᷣ᡽╷䈱⋧੕⺞ᢛ㩷 㩷 㩷

ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩᮭ㒢߇㕖ኻ⒓⊛ߦ㈩ಽߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߣߢߩലᨐ⊛ߥ⚻ᷣㆇ༡ߪ㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߣ⽷᡽᡽

╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛ㧘ߘߒߡ࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߦ߅ߌࠆ⽷᡽᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛࠍਇนᰳߣߔࠆ㧚‛ଔ቟ቯࠍ⋡ᜰߔ㊄Ⲣ

9

Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 105 f.

10

᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળ᳿⼏ߣ㧞ߟߩℂ੐ળⷙೣߣߪ㧘ᰴߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧚Resolution on the European Council on the Stability and Growth Pact(Amsterdam,17 June 1997), Council Regulation(EC)No. 1466/97 of 7 July 1997 on the strengthening of the surveillance of budgetary positions and the surveillance and coordination of economic policies, ߘߒߡCouncil Regulation(EC)No. 1467/97 of 7 July 1997 on speeding up and clarifying the implementation of the excessive deficit procedure.

11

Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 126 f.; OECD(2002), p. 124 ff.

᡽╷ߩലᨐߪ㧘᜛ᒛ⊛ߥ⽷᡽᡽╷ߦࠃߞߡ⋧Ვߐࠇࠆߛߌߢߥߊ㧘㕖ᢛว⊛ߥ⚻ᷣ᡽╷߇ㆊ෰ߦߒ߫ߒ

߫⚻ᷣ⊛ᷙੂࠍ⺃⊒ߒߚ⧰޿⚻㛎

߆ࠄ߽ߘߩᔅⷐᕈ߇ᒝ⺞ߐࠇࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ߹ߚ㧘⥄࿖ᧄᗧߩ᡼Ẃߥ⽷

᡽᡽╷ߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ో૕ߩ‛ଔ቟ቯࠍ⢿߆ߒ㧘ߘߩ໧㗴⸃᳿ࠍઁ࿖ߦ᛼ߒઃߌࠆߛߌߢߥߊ㧘৻ర⊛ߥ

㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߩ߽ߣߢߪ㊄೑ߩ਄᣹ࠍㅢߓߡઁ࿖ߦ᥊᳇ᒁ߈✦߼ലᨐࠍ෸߷ߒ㧘ẜ࿷ᚑ㐳ജߩታ⃻ࠍᅹߍࠆ ߎߣߦ߽ߥࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ⚻ᷣ቟ቯߩޟߚߛਸ਼ࠅ໧㗴ޠߣ⽷᡽᡽╷ߩ⽶ߩࠬࡇ࡞ࠝ࡯ࡃ࡯ലᨐߪ㧘࡙࡯

ࡠ⻉࿖ߢ⋧੕ߦ⺞ᢛߐࠇߚ⽷᡽᡽╷ߦࠃߞߡߩߺ࿁ㆱߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆ㧚 '7 ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ᡽╷ߩ⋧੕

⺞ᢛߩᔅⷐᕈߪ㧘ߎ߁ߒߚ⚻ᷣ⊛⺰᜚ߦട߃᡽ᴦ⊛฽ᗧࠍ߽ߞߡ߽ਥᒛߐࠇࠆ㧚ฦ࿖᡽ᐭߪ '7 ࡟ࡌ࡞

ߢߩวᗧࠍญታߦ㧘࿖᳃ߦਇੱ᳇ߥ᡽╷ࠍ߽ኈᤃߦታᣉߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ

㧚

ߎ߁ߒߚߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߩ⊒⿷ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚࡑ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࡅ࠻᧦⚂߽㧘⚻ᷣ᡽╷ࠍ౒ห૕ߩ㑐ᔃ

੐ߣ᣿⸥ߒ╙ ᧦㧘⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⋙ⷞߣ⋧੕⺞ᢛߦߟ޿ߡߩᔅⷐᕈߣߘߩᚻ⛯߈ࠍⷙቯߒߡ޿ࠆ

╙ C ᧦ߣ╙ ᧦㧚߽ߞߣ߽ࡠ࡯ࡑ᧦⚂߽㧘⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛߩᔅⷐᕈࠍⷙቯߒߡ޿ߚ߇╙㧟 C ᧦㧕 㧘'7 ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛߪ㧘ታ㓙ߦߪ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖⊒⿷ߩḰ஻ߣߣ߽ߦᧄᩰ⊛ߦᆎ߹

ߞߚߣ޿ߞߡࠃ޿㧚

ࠃࠅౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘ࡑ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࡅ࠻᧦⚂ߪᜬ⛯⊛߆ߟࠗࡦࡈ࡟ߥ߈ᚑ㐳ߣ㜞᳓Ḱߩ㓹↪ߣ޿߁᡽╷⋡ᮡ

ࠍ㆐ᚑߔࠆߚ߼ߩࠪ࠽࡝ࠝߦᒰߚࠆޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠBroad Economic Policy

Guidelinesߩណᛯࠍቯ߼ߡ޿ࠆ㧔 ᧦㧕 㧚ߎߩࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦߪᲤᐕ㧘᥅ᤐ߆ࠄೋᄐߦ߆ߌߡ౏⴫ߐ

ࠇ

㧘᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߩၮᧄ⊛ߥ᡽╷ࠬ࠲ࡦࠬࠍ⺑᣿ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩᗧ๧ߢޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗ

ࡦޠߪ㧘'7 ⻉࿖ߩ᡽╷ߩᜂ޿ᚻߦߣߞߡߩⴕേᜰ㊎ߣߥࠆ㧚ઁᣇ㧘 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠ ߪ㧘᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߦࠃࠆฦ࿖᡽╷ߩᄙ㕙⊛⹏ଔ㧔╙ ᧦㧕ߩၮḰߢ߽޽ࠅ㧘ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦߣ㕖ᢛว

⊛ߥ᡽╷߇ታᣉߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ႐ว㧘ℂ੐ળߪ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߩឭ⸒ߦၮߠ߈ᒰ⹥࿖ߦᤚᱜ൘๔ࠍ಴ߔߎߣ߽ߢ ߈ࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߦޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߪᴺ⊛ᒝ೙ജߦᰳߌࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘ታ㓙ߦߪ᡽ᴦ⊛᜔

᧤ജࠍᜬߜ㧘᡽╷ᒻᚑߦߐ޿ߒߡߩၮᐙ⊛ߥ૏⟎ࠍභ߼ࠆ㧚

ߣߎࠈߢ㧘 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߦၮߠߊ᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛߪ㧘᡽╷ද⺞ߩߚ߼ߩઁߩᚻ

⛯߈ߦߪߺࠄࠇߥ޿޿ߊߟ߆ߩ․ᓽࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚╙㧝ߦ㧘 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߢขࠅ

਄ߍࠄࠇࠆኻ⽎㗔ၞߪ㧘ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߛߌߢߥߊ᭴ㅧ᡽╷ࠍ߽ࠞࡃ࡯ߒ㧘ᐢ▸࿐ߦ෸߱㧚ߎߩߚ߼㧘 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߦၮߠߊ⋧੕⺞ᢛߪ㧘୘೎᡽╷㗔ၞߦ㒢ቯߐࠇࠆߎߣߥߊ㧘ߘߩฬ ߩㅢࠅޟ൮᜝⊛ޠߥᕈᩰࠍᜬߟߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚ߎࠇߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ╙㧞ߦ㧘 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠ ߦၮߠߊ⋧੕⺞ᢛߪ㧘୘೎᡽╷㗔ၞࠍᮮᢿߔࠆ㚂የ৻⽾ᕈࠍ⏕଻ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߩߢ㧘✚ว⊛ߥ᡽

╷ࡆ࡚ࠫࡦߦၮߠ޿ߡⴕࠊࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߪᲤᐕᡷ⸓ߐ ࠇ㧘ߘߩ╷ቯ૞ᬺߪട⋖࿖ߩวᗧᒻᚑࠍ઻߁߆ࠄ㧘ߘߩታ⃻ߦะߌߚട⋖࿖⋧੕㑆ߩ࿶ജpeer pressure

12

ߎߩ੐଀ߣߒߡౖဳ⊛ߥߩ߇㧘࠼ࠗ࠷ߦ߅ߌࠆ╙㧝ᰴ⍹ᴤෂᯏస᦯ߩߚ߼ߩኻᔕߢ޽ࠆ㧚㊄Ⲣ✭๺ࠍㅢߓߡ᥊᳇ೝỗ⊛ߦⴕേߒߚ࠼

ࠗ࠷ㅪ㇌㌁ⴕߣ㧘ㅪ㇌⽷᡽ߩౣᑪࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚㅪ㇌᡽ᐭߣߩ㕖ᢛว⊛ߥ㊄Ⲣ࡮⽷᡽᡽╷ߩߚ߼㧘(⷏ )࠼ࠗ࠷ߩࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦ

ࠬߪ᰷Ꮊ⻉࿖ߩਛߢ⋧ኻ⊛ߦᖡൻߒ㧘᥊᳇ૐㅅࠍ㐳ᒁ߆ߖࠆේ࿃ߦ߽ߥߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧔Scharpf(1987), S. 178 ff.㧕 㧚

13

Angelo u. Schweighofer(2003), S. 7 ff.; European Commission(2002a), p. 3 ff.; Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 95 f.;

OECD(2002), p. 116 f.

14

1993ᐕߩޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߪ㧘ࡑ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࡅ࠻᧦⚂ߩ⊒ല߇หᐕ11 ᦬ߦߥߞߚߚ߼㧘଀ᄖ⊛ߦ1993 ᐕᧃߦ౏⴫

ߐࠇߚ㧚

߇↢߹ࠇ㧘᡽╷ද⺞ߩታലᕈ߇㜞߼ࠄࠇࠆ

㧚

ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߪ ᐕߦೋ߼ߡណᛯߐࠇߚ߇㧘ߘߩᤨߪࠊߕ߆㧠ࡍ࡯ࠫߩಽ

㊂ߢ㧘ౝኈ߽৻⥸⊛ߥ⴫⃻ߦᱛ߹ߞߚ߇㧘ߘߩᓟߪ࿖೎ߩ൘๔߿ '7 ߩ᡽╷ᣇ㊎ࠍฦ࿖ߢታᣉߦ⒖ߔߚ

߼ߩឭ⸒߽ടࠊࠅ㧘⃻࿷ߢߪ⾰㊂౒ߦలታߒߡ޿ࠆ

㧚 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߩߎ߁ߒߚዷ 㐿ߪ㧘 ᐕߦࠕࡓࠬ࠹࡞࠳ࡓߣ࡞ࠢ࠮ࡦࡉ࡞ࠢߢ㐿௅ߐࠇߚ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߩ᳿⼏ߦࠃߞߡⵣઃߌࠄࠇߚ ߇㧘⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛᚻ⛯߈ߩ᜛లߣ޿߁ᗧ๧ߢ㧘 ᐕߪ↹ᦼ⊛ߥᐕߢ޽ߞߚ㧚೨▵ߢߺߚࠃ߁ߦ ࠕࡓࠬ࠹࡞࠳ࡓ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ⻉࿖ߩ⽷᡽᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߩޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠࠍ ᛚ⹺ߒߚߛߌߢߥߊ㧘࡞ࠢ࠮ࡦࡉ࡞᰷ࠢᎺℂ੐ળߪ '7 ⻉࿖ߩ㓹↪᡽╷ߩද⺞ࠍଦㅴߔࠆߚ߼ߩޟ㓹↪

ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠࠍណᛯߒ㧘᰷Ꮊ㓹↪ᚢ⇛European Employment Strategyࠍ㐿ᆎߒߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚᰷Ꮊ㓹

↪ᚢ⇛ߪࠛࡦࡊࡠࠗࡗࡆ࡝࠹ࠖߩะ਄㧘⿠ᬺኅ♖␹ߩ⊒឴㧘ડᬺߣᓥᬺຬߩㆡᔕ⢻ജߩᡷༀ㧘ߘߒߡ↵

ᅚᯏળဋ╬ߣ޿߁㧠ߟߩᚢ⇛⋡ᮡࠍၮゲߦߒߚഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩ᭴ㅧᡷ㕟ࠍ⋡ᜰߔขࠅ⚵ߺߢ޽ࠆ

㧚ߘߩߐ

޿ណ↪ߐࠇߚ᡽╷ᒻᚑߩᚻ⛯߇৻⥸ߦ㧘 ޟ࡞ࠢ࠮ࡦࡉ࡞ࠢ࡮ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬޠthe Luxembourg processߣ๭߫ࠇ ࠆ㧚ߘࠇߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ട⋖ฦ࿖ߪ㧠ᧄᩇߩ߽ߣߢ╷ቯߐࠇߚ୘೎᡽╷⋡ᮡࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߩౕ૕╷ࠍᲤᐕ ޡฦ࿖ⴕേ⸘↹ޢNational Action Plansߣߒߡ➙߼㧘᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߦឭ಴ߒ㧘ߘߩታᣉ⁁ᴫߦߟ޿ߡߩ⋧

੕⹏ଔࠍฃߌ㧘ߎߩ⹏ଔ⚿ᨐ߇ޡ౒ห㓹↪ႎ๔ᦠޢ Joint Employment Reportߣߒߡ౏⴫ߐࠇࠆ㧚ߘߩᓟ㧘 ᐕ ᦬㐿௅ߩ࡝ࠬࡏࡦ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߢ᰷Ꮊ㓹↪ᚢ⇛ߪో㕙⊛ߦᡷ⸓ߐࠇ㧘ޟࡈ࡞ዞᬺޠ full

employment㧘 ޟ઀੐ߩ⾰ߣ↢↥ᕈߩะ਄ޠ 㧘ߘߒߡޟ␠ળ⊛⚿᧤ߩᒝൻޠߩ㧟ߟߩ൮᜝⊛ߥ⋡ᮡߣޟච

ᚓޠߣ๭߫ࠇࠆߘߩਅ૏⋡ᮡ 㗄⋡߆ࠄߥࠆࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦ߇╷ቯߐࠇߚ

㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘㓹↪᡽╷ߩᨒ⚵ߺ ߦߪၮᧄ⊛ߥᄌᦝ߇ߥߊ㧘ߘߩ․ᓽߪ㧘᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߦࠃࠆട⋖ฦ࿖ߩഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩቯᦼ⊛ߥࡕ࠾࠲࡝ࡦࠣ

ߣߘߩ⹏ଔ⚿ᨐߩ౏⴫㧘ߐࠄߦߪࡌࠬ࠻࡮ࡊ࡜ࠢ࠹ࠖࠬߩክᩏࠍㅢߓߚഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩિ❗ൻᨵエൻߩଦ ㅴߦ޽ࠆ㧚⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ෳടฦ࿖ߩኻᄖਇဋⴧ߇ὑᦧ࡟࡯࠻᡽╷ߦࠃߞߡᤚᱜߢ߈ߥ޿ߛ ߌߦ㧘ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩિ❗⊛ߥᯏ⢻߇⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ߩሽ⛯ߦߣߞߡ᳿ቯ⊛ߦ㊀ⷐߥ೨ឭ᧦ઙߣߥࠆ㧚 ᭴ㅧᡷ㕟ߩߚ߼ߩ '7 ߩขࠅ⚵ߺߪ㧘ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߦᱛ߹ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ㧚 ᐕ ᦬㐿௅ߩࠞ࡯࠺ࠖࡈ᰷Ꮊ ℂ੐ળߪ㧘ၞౝᏒ႐ቢᚑߦะߌߚ⽷࡮⾗ᧄᏒ႐ߩ᭴ㅧᡷ㕟ࠍଦㅴߔࠆขࠅ⚵ߺ㧔ࠞ࡯࠺ࠖࡈ࡮ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ㧘 the Cardiff process㧕ߦ⌕ᚻߒ㧘ߐࠄߦ ᐕ ᦬ߩࠤ࡞ࡦ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣㆇ༡ߩߚ߼ߦ㧘'7

࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ޿ࠊ߫᡽ഭ૶ਃ⠪ද⼏೙tripartismࠍዉ౉ߒ㧘ෳട⠪㑆ߢߩᗧ⷗੤឵ߣᖱႎߩ౒᦭ࠍㅢߓߚ

቟ቯ⊛ߥࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣㆇ༡ࠤ࡞ࡦ࡮ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ㧘 the Cologne process ࠍ⋡ᜰߔߎߣߢวᗧߒߚ㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘

15

European Commission(2002a), p. 5f and p.10ff.; OECD(2002), p. 120 ff.

16

European Commission(2002a), p. 12; OECD(2002), p.120

17

ߎࠇߦవ┙ߜ1997ᐕ 6 ᦬ߦวᗧߐࠇߚࠕࡓࠬ࠹࡞࠳ࡓ᧦⚂ߩਛߢ㧘㓹↪᡽╷߇ޟ౒ห૕ߩ᡽╷ޠߣߒߡ૏⟎ߠߌࠄࠇ㧘᰷Ꮊ㓹↪ᚢ

⇛ߦߪᴺ⊛ߥᩮ᜚߇ਈ߃ࠄࠇߚ㧚᰷Ꮊ㓹↪ᚢ⇛ߩ⢛᥊ߣߘߩᓟߩዷ㐿ߦߟ޿ߡߪ㧘Ꮕߒᒰߚࠅựญ᩵৻㇢(2003)ޟEUߩ㓹↪ᚢ⇛ޠ ޡᣣᧄഭ௛⎇ⓥฬ㔀⹹ޢNo.516;ᣣᧄഭ௛⎇ⓥ࡮⎇ୃᯏ᭴(2004)ޡవㅴ⻉࿖ߩ㓹↪ᚢ⇛ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⎇ⓥޢ(ഭ௛᡽╷⎇ⓥႎ๔ᦠNo.3)ᣣ ᧄഭ௛⎇ⓥ࡮⎇ୃᯏ᭴; ᜕Ⓜ (2005)ޟࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࠕߩഭ௛Ꮢ႐᡽╷ߣ᰷Ꮊ␠ળၮ㊄ޠ ޡฬฎደቇ㒮ᄢቇ⺰㓸 (␠ળ⑼ቇ▻)ޢ╙41 Ꮞ╙

3 ภࠍෳᾖߖࠃ㧚

18

Schmid u. Kull(2004), S. 13㧚ߥ߅㧘ᣂߚߦ╷ቯߐࠇߚ10㗄⋡ߩࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦߪ㧘ᰴߩㅢࠅߢ޽ࠆ㧚(1) ᄬᬺ⠪ߣ㕖ഭ௛ജੱญߩ

ߚ߼ߩⓍᭂ⊛࡮੍㒐⊛ߥᣉ╷㧘(2)⡯႐ߩഃ಴ߣ⿠ᬺኅ♖␹ߩ⊒឴㧘(3) ഭ௛ߩ਎⇇ߦ߅ߌࠆᄌൻ߳ߩኻᔕߣㆡᔕജߩഥᚑ㧘(4) ੱ⊛

⾗ᧄߩᒝൻߣ↢ᶦቇ⠌ߩഥᚑ㧘 (5) ഭ௛ജଏ⛎ߩჇടߣᵴജߩ޽ࠆ㜞㦂ൻߩᡰេ㧘 (6) ↵ᅚ㓹↪ᯏળဋ╬㧘 (7) ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߢਇ೑ߥ┙႐ ߦ޽ࠆੱ߮ߣߩ⛔วଦㅴߣᏅ೎ߩ᠗ᑄ㧘 (8) ઀੐ߦࠃࠆ⚻ᷣ⊛೑ᓧߩჇᄢߣൕഭᗧ᰼ߩೝỗ㧘 (9) 㑧ዞഭߩᱜⷙ㓹↪߳ߩォ឵㧘 (10) 㓹

↪ߦ߅ߌࠆ࿾ၞ㑆ਇဋⴧߩస᦯㧚ߎࠇࠄ 10㗄⋡ߪ㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߦߪߎࠇ߹ߢߩࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦࠍฃߌ⛮ߋ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘G. ࠪࡘࡒ࠶࠻

(Günther Schmid)ߣS.ࠢ࡞(Silke Kull)ߦࠃࠇ߫㧘ᦨᓟߩ㧞ߟ߇ోߊᣂߒߊ㧘ᣂⷙട⋖10 ࡨ࿖ࠍᔨ㗡ߦ⟎޿ߡ╷ቯߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽

ࠆ㧚

ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣ⊛ߥኻ⹤ߦၮߠߊ⾓㊄᡽╷㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷㧘⽷᡽᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛ߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ

㧚

ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ '7 ߢߪ㧘 ޟ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ൮᜝⊛ࠟࠗ࠼࡜ࠗࡦޠߦၮߠߊ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛࠍၮゲߦߒߥ߇ ࠄ㧘޿ߞߘ߁ലᨐ⊛߆ߟㄦㅦߥ᭴ㅧᡷ㕟ߩߚ߼㧘߹ߚ㑐ㅪߔࠆ୘೎ಽ㊁ߢߩ᡽╷ද⺞߇㧘ᔅⷐߦᔕߓߡ ߘߩㇺᐲዉ౉ߐࠇߡ߈ߚ㧚ߘߩၮ⺞ߪ㧘᭴ㅧᡷ㕟ࠍㅢߓߚẜ࿷ᚑ㐳ജߩะ਄ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚࡐ࡝ࠪ࡯࡮ࡒ࠶

ࠢࠬߦ޽ࠆߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚

䋳䋮㩷 䊙㩷 䉪㩷 䊨㩷 ⚻㩷 ᷣ㩷 䈫㩷 ㊄㩷 Ⲣ㩷 䊶㩷 ⽷㩷 ᡽㩷 ᡽㩷 ╷㩷 䋳䋭䋱䋮⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖⊒⿷ᓟ䈱⚻ᷣേะ㩷 㩷

೨▵ߢߺߚ㊄Ⲣ࡮⽷᡽᡽╷ߩ೙ᐲ⊛ᨒ⚵ߺߩਛߢ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤⚻ᷣߪߎࠇ߹ߢߤߩࠃ߁ߦ⊒ዷߒߡ߈ߚ ߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆㧚න৻౒ㅢㅢ⽻ޟ࡙࡯ࡠޠߪ㧘੍ቯㅢࠅ ᐕ ᦬ ᣣߦዉ౉ߐࠇߚ߇㧘ᒰᤨߩ࡙࡯ࡠ

࿤⚻ᷣߪ㧘 ᐕᤐߩ࠼ࠗ࠷࡮ࡑ࡞ࠢߩᕆ㛛ߦ┵ࠍ⊒ߔࠆ᰷Ꮊㅢ⽻ਇ቟ߦේ࿃ߔࠆ᥊᳇ᓟㅌᓟߩ᜛ᄢዪ 㕙ߦ޽ߞߚ㧚ߎߩ㑆㧘ࠕࠫࠕㅢ⽻ෂᯏ߇ࡠࠪࠕㅢ⽻ෂᯏߦ㘧߮Ἣߒ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩャ಴ߪ ᐕᓟඨߦ ᄢ᏷ߦᷫዋߒߚ߽ߩߩ㧘 ᐕߦᆎ߹ࠆߎߩ᜛ᄢዪ㕙ߪ ᐕ߹ߢ⛯޿ߚ㧚࡙࡯ࡠ⋧႐ߪ ࡙࡯ࡠ㧩 ࠼࡞ߢขᒁ߇ᆎ߹ߞߚ߽ߩߩ㧘ߘߩᓟߪਅ⪭௑ะ߇⛯߈㧘࡙࡯ࡠߩኻ࠼࡞࡮࡟࡯࠻ߪ ᐕ

᦬ߦᦨ቟୯ࠍ⸥㍳ߒߚ㧚ߎ߁ߒߚ࡙࡯ࡠߩᷫଔ߇㧘࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߩଔᩰ┹੎ജࠍะ਄ߐߖ㧘ᅢ⺞ߥャ಴ࠍ ㅢߓߡ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ᥊᳇ࠍਅᡰ߃ߒߚߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚ߒ߆ߒ࡙࡯ࡠߩታല⋧႐ߪ㧘࠼࡞ߩ࠙ࠛࠗ࠻߇⚂

ߢ޽ࠆ߆ࠄ㧘ኻ࠼࡞࡮࡟࡯࠻߶ߤᄢ᏷ߦᷫଔߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣߦߪᵈᗧࠍⷐߔࠆ㧚

ߎߩᤨᦼ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩౝ㔛߽ᅢ⺞ߢ޽ߞߚ

㧚ታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸߳ߩነਈᐲߢߺࠆߣ㧘࿖ౝᦨ⚳㔛ⷐߩ ነਈᐲ߇㧘⚐ャ಴ࠍᄢ߈ߊ਄࿁ࠅ㧘ౝ㔛ਥዉߩ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳߇ታ⃻ߐࠇߡ޿ߚߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ㧚☻⾗ᧄᒻᚑ㧘 ߣߊߦ⸳஻ᛩ⾗߇ᅢ⺞ߥャ಴ߦᡰ߃ࠄࠇ㧘 ᐕ߆ࠄ ᐕߩᐔဋࠍ਄࿁ࠆ൓޿ߢિ߮㧘᳃㑆ᶖ⾌ߩ

િ߽߮㓹↪ᖱ൓ߩᡷༀࠍ⢛᥊ߦၷ⺞ߢ޽ߞߚ㧚ߣߎࠈ߇㧘ේᴤଔᩰ߇਄᣹ߔࠆਛߢኅ⸘ߩ⾼⾈ജ߇ૐਅ ߒ㧘ᶖ⾌ߩિ߮ߪ ᐕᓟඨߦߪ⴮߃ᆎ߼㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߪ᥊᳇ᓟㅌዪ㕙ߦ౉ߞߚ㧚

੹࿁ߩᚑ㐳㊰ൻߩ․ᓽߪ㧘 ޟࡉ࡟࡯ࠠߩᒝߐޠࠃࠅ߽ޟᦼ㑆ߩ㐳ߐޠߦ޽ࠆ

㧚 ᐕߩ↥಴ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊ ߪ 㧑㧘 ᐕߩߘࠇߪ㧑ߢ㧘⚂ ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩਅ⪭᏷ߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘ߎߩ⪭ߜㄟߺߪㆊ෰ߩਥⷐߥ᥊

᳇ᓟㅌᦼߦ߅ߌࠆ↥಴ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩਅ⪭᏷ߣ߶߷หߓᄢ߈ߐߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎߩᤨᦼߦ᜛ᄢߩ࠹ࡦࡐ߇ߣߊߦᄢ ߈ߊ㊰ߞߚߣߪ޿߃ߥ޿㧚

ߒ߆ߒ㧘᥊᳇߇ౣ߮਄ะ߈ᆎ߼ࠆߩߪ㧘਎⇇⾏ᤃ߇᜛ᄢߒᆎ߼ߚ ᐕᧃߦߥߞߡ߆ࠄߩߎߣߢ޽

ࠆ㧚ߎߩ㧟ᐕߦ෸߱ૐᚑ㐳ߪ㧘 ᐕ߆ࠄ ᐕߦ߆ߌߡߩ᥊᳇ᓟㅌᦼએ᧪ߩ㐳ᦼૐㅅߣߥࠆ㧚ߎߩ 㑆㧘ਥⷐߥ㔛ⷐ㗄⋡ߪߔߴߡኻ೨ᐕᲧߢࡑࠗ࠽ࠬࠍ⸥㍳ߒ㧘 ޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠߩ೙⚂ߩߚ߼ߦ⽷᡽㕙߆ ࠄߩ᥊᳇ೝỗ╷߇ߣࠅߦߊ߆ߞߚߎߣ߽㧘᥊᳇ૐㅅࠍ㐳ᒁ߆ߖࠆේ࿃ߦߥߞߚߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚ߣߊߦᛩ⾗

ߩਅ⪭᏷߇ᄢ߈߆ߞߚ㧚 ᐕ╙ ྾ඨᦼ߆ࠄ ᐕ╙ ྾ඨᦼߦ߆ߌߡ㧘ᛩ⾗ߪ ᐕ╙ ྾ඨᦼ

19

Angelo u. Schweighofer(2003), S. 9 ff.; European Commission(2002a), p. 17 ff.; OECD(2002), p. 129 ff.

20

Beirat für Wirtschafts- und Sozialfragen(2005), S. 37 f.; European Commission(2002b), p. 25ff.; OECD(2000), p. 25 ff.;

OECD(2001), p.23 ff.

21

European Commission(2003b), p. 24.

ࠍ㒰޿ߡ྾ඨᦼߏߣߦ 㧑ߕߟᷫዋߒ㧘)&2 ߦභ߼ࠆᛩ⾗ߩഀวߪ㧘 ᐕᧃࠃࠅ߽ 㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻

߽ૐਅߒߚ㧚ߒ߆߽ߎߩ㑆㧘೑ሶ₸ߪᄢ᏷ߦૐਅߒ㧘 ޟᱧผ⊛ߦૐ޿ޠ᳓Ḱߦ㆐ߒߡ޿ߚߦ߽߆߆ࠊࠄ ߕ㧘⸳஻ᛩ⾗߇ᄢ᏷ߦᷫዋߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩℂ↱ߣߒߡ㧘ᰴߩ㧟ὐ߇ߣߊߦ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ㧚╙㧝ߦ㧘ᒙ

᳇ߩ㔛ⷐ੍᷹㧘೑Ả᏷ߩ❗ዊ㧘ߐࠄߦߪ㔛⛎ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩ᜛ᄢߣ޿ߞߚࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣⅣႺߩᖡൻ㧘╙㧞ߦ㧘 หᤨᄙ⊒࠹ࡠߩ⊒↢߿ડᬺߩਇᱜⴕὑߩ៰⊒ࠍᄾᯏߦჇᄢߒߚ࡝ࠬࠢ࿁ㆱߩⴕേ㧘ߘߒߡ╙㧟ߦ㧘ㆊ೾

ௌോ߿ᩣଔਅ⪭ࠍ⢛᥊ߦߒߚࡃ࡜ࡦࠬࠪ࡯࠻⺞ᢛߩㅴⴕ߇ߘࠇߢ޽ࠆ

㧚

ᛩ⾗ᵴേߩૐㅅߦട߃㧘୘ੱᶖ⾌߽િ߮ᖠࠎߛ㧚ߎߩᤨᦼߩ୘ੱᶖ⾌ߪ㧘ኅ⸘ߩታ⾰นಣಽᚲᓧߩિ

߮ࠍ⚂ 㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ਅ࿁ࠅ㧘᥊᳇ᓟㅌᦼߦ⾂⫾₸߇਄᣹ߔࠆߣ޿߁ᄸᅱߥ⃻⽎߽ⷰኤߐࠇߚ㧚ߎ߁ߒ ߚ୘ੱᶖ⾌ૐㅅߩ⢛᥊ߣߒߡᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߪ㧘ࠗࡦࡈ࡟ߦࠃࠆ⾼⾈ജߩૐਅߢ޽ࠆ㧚ࠦࠕ࡮ࠗࡦࡈ࡟₸ߩ ߺߥࠄߕ㧘ේᴤଔᩰߩ㜞㛛ߣߣ߽ߦ✚วᶖ⾌⠪‛ଔᜰᢙ߽਄᣹ߒᆎ߼㧘 ᐕߦߪ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩࠗࡦ ࡈ࡟ෳᾖ୯ࠍ⿥߃ߚ㧚ߎߩὐߦߟ޿ߡ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߪ㧘ᶖ⾌⠪߇ ᐕߦ࡙࡯ࡠ⚕ᐊߣ⎬⽻߇ᵹㅢߒᆎ

߼ࠆਛ㧘‛ଔ਄᣹₸ࠍታ㓙ࠃࠅ߽ㆊᄢߦ⹏ଔߒߚߎߣ߇㧘⚿ᨐ⊛ߦᶖ⾌ᡰ಴ࠍᄢ߈ߊᛥ߃ࠆߎߣߦߥߞ ߚߣ⺑᣿ߒߡ޿ࠆ

㧚

ߒ߆ߒ㧘୘ੱᶖ⾌ߩᜬ⛯⊛ߥૐㅅߩේ࿃ߣߒߡߪ㧘‛ଔߩേะ߿ߘߩ੐ታ⺋⹺ࠃࠅ߽㧘ᰴߩ㧞ߟ߇ࠃ ࠅ㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠆ

㧚߭ߣߟߪ㓹↪ਇ቟ߦ઻߁↢ᵴਇ቟ߢ޽ࠅ㧘޿߹߭ߣߟߪ౏౒⽷᡽ߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈߦኻߔ ࠆᙬ⇼ߢ޽ࠆ㧚೨⠪ߪഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩ⎬⋥ᕈߦ㑐ଥߔࠆ㧚ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩ⎬⋥ᕈߪ㧘ࡑࠢࡠ⊛ߦߪนಣಽᚲᓧߩ ᄌേࠍᛥ೙ߔࠆലᨐ߇޽ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘᥊᳇ૐㅅ߇㐳ᒁߊਛߢ㓹↪ᖱ൓߇ᖡൻߔࠆߣ㧘ഭ௛Ꮢ႐߇⎬⋥⊛

ߥ࿖߶ߤ㧘ੱޘߪᄬᬺߒߚ႐วߩᄬᬺᦼ㑆ࠍ㐳ߊ㧘ߒߚ߇ߞߡ዁᧪ߩ෼౉⷗ㅢߒࠍᖤⷰ⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆ㧚 ߎߩߎߣ߇㧘ᶖ⾌⠪ߩା㗬ᗵࠍᖡൻߐߖ㧘ᶖ⾌ᡰ಴ߦࡀࠟ࠹ࠖࡉߥᓇ㗀ࠍ෸߷ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚੐ታ㧘'7 ߢߪ ᐕ߆ࠄᄬᬺ₸߇ౣ߮਄᣹ߒᆎ߼㧘㓹↪ߩિ߽߮࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠭ࡓࠍᄬߞߡ޿ߚߛߌߦ㧘ߎߩᤨᦼ ߩ୘ੱᶖ⾌ߩિ߮ᖠߺߪ㧘⎬⋥⊛ߥഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆ↢ᵴਇ቟ߦߘߩේ࿃ࠍ᳞߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚޿

߹߭ߣߟߩ᭴ㅧ⊛ߥⷐ࿃ߪ㧘౏౒⽷᡽ߩᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈߩ໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎࠇߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ⥝๧ᷓ޿ߩߪ㧘ኅ⸘

ߩ⾂⫾₸ߣ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩኻ )&2 Ყ߇㧘 ᐕએ㒠ߦ㒢ߞߡ߽ࡄ࡜࡟࡞ߥേ߈ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎ ߩߎߣߪ㧘⽷᡽ౣᑪߩ⷗ㅢߒ߇ߟߊ߹ߢߪ㧘࿖᳃ߪߤߎ߆ߢჇ⒢ߩᖡᄞߦ⢿߃㧘ᶖ⾌ࠍᛥ೙ߔࠆ௑ะ߇

޽ࠆߎߣࠍ␜ໂߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎ߁ߒߚᔃℂ⊛ߥⷐ࿃߽㧘 ᐕએ㒠ߦⷰኤߐࠇࠆ୘ੱᶖ⾌ૐㅅߦነਈߒߚ ߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚

ߐࠄߦ㧘ᄖ㔛ߩേ߈߽᥊᳇࿁ᓳߩ㊀ߒߣߥߞߚ

㧚ߎߩᤨᦼߩᄖ㔛ߩિ߮ߪ㧘 ᐕߩ 㧑ࠍࡇ࡯

ࠢߦ㧘⠉ᐕߦ৻ᩴบ㧔㧑㧕ߦ⪭ߜㄟߺ㧘 ᐕߦߪ 㧑߳ߣᕆ⪭ߒߚ㧚ᓥ᧪ߩ᥊᳇࿁ᓳㆊ⒟ߢߪ㧘 ᄖ㔛ߩિ߮߇⿠േജߣߒߡ௛ߊߎߣ߇ᄙ߆ߞߚ߇㧘ߎߩᦼ㑆ߩ࡙࡯ࡠ⋧႐ߪ㧘 ᐕ ᦬ߦᦨ቟୯ࠍ

⸥㍳ߒߡએ㒠ߩ਄᣹௑ะߦ޽ߞߚߚ߼㧘ᄖ㔛ਥዉߩ᥊᳇࿁ᓳߪ⷗ㄟ߼ߥ߆ߞߚ㧚ߣߊߦ⥝๧ᷓ޿ߩߪ㧘 ὑᦧ⋧႐ߪ࡙࡯ࡠዉ౉ᓟߩ߶ߣࠎߤߩᤨᦼߢ᥊᳇ห⺞⊛ߦേ޿ߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒߎߩᤨᦼߩャ಴ߩ

ᷫዋߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠߩჇଔߦේ࿃ߔࠆଔᩰ┹੎ജߩૐਅࠃࠅ߽㧘 ᐕ߆ࠄᆎ߹ߞߚ਎⇇⚻ᷣߩหᤨᷫㅦߦ

22

European Commission(2003b), p. 26 ff.

23

European Commission(2003b), p. 29 ff.

24

European Commission(2003b), p. 32.

25

European Commission(2003b), p. 32 ff.

ᄢ߈ߊᓇ㗀ߐࠇߚߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚 ᐕᓟඨ߆ࠄ਎⇇⾏ᤃ߇᜛ᄢߔࠆਛ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ⋧႐߇਄᣹௑ะߦ޽ߞߡ

߽㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߪャ಴ࠍჇᄢߐߖ㧘᥊᳇࿁ᓳߩᚻដ߆ࠅࠍឞࠎߛ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚

䋳䋭䋲䋮㊄Ⲣ䊶⽷᡽᡽╷䈱ዷ㐿㩷

ߔߋ਄ߢߺߚࠃ߁ߦ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖⊒⿷ᓟ㧡ᐕ㑆ߩ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⚻ᷣേะߪ㧘ᅢ⺞ߥೋ߼ߩ㧞ᐕ㑆ߣߘߩ ᓟ㧟ᐕ߶ߤ⛯ߊᚑ㐳㊰ൻߩዪ㕙ߦᄢ೎ߢ߈ࠆ㧚᡽╷ᒰዪߪߎ߁ߒߚ᥊᳇േะߦߤߩࠃ߁ߦኻᔕߒߚߩߢ

޽ࠈ߁߆㧚వߕ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩⴕേߦᵈ⋡ߒࠃ߁㧚೨▵ߢㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߪ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߦ

৻రൻߐࠇ㧘ߘߩᦨఝవ⺖㗴ߪ‛ଔߩ቟ቯߢ޽ࠆ㧚✚วᶖ⾌⠪‛ଔߪ ᐕߩ 㧑߆ࠄ਄᣹ߒᆎ߼㧘 ᐕߦߪᖡᄤ୥߿$5'ߩᓇ㗀ߩߚ߼㘩ຠଔᩰ߽㜞㛛ߒ㧘 ৻ᤨ⊛ߦߖࠃ㧟㧑ࠍ⿥߃ࠆᤨᦼ߽޽ߞߚ߇㧘 㧑ࠍ⿥߃ߥ޿▸࿐ߢ቟ቯ⊛ߦផ⒖ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯࡮㘩ຠ࡮࠲ࡃࠦࠍ㒰޿ߚࠦࠕ࡮ࠗ

ࡦࡈ࡟₸ߢߺߡ߽㧘ห᭽ߦ਄᣹௑ะࠍ␜ߔ߇㧘ߘߩᄌേ᏷ߪࠃࠅዊߐ޿㧚ߎ߁ߒߚਛߢ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪ㧘 ᐕ ᦬ ᣣߦೋ߼ߡ᡽╷㊄೑ࠍ ࡌࠗࠪࠬ࡮ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ᒁ߈਄ߍ㧘 ᐕ ᦬߹ߢߦ㧢࿁ߦࠊߚ ߞߡ 㧑߳ߣ ࡌࠗࠪࠬ࡮ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ᒁ߈਄ߍߚ㧚ߘߩᓟ㧘᥊᳇ߩᷫㅦߣߣ߽ߦ㧘 ᐕ ᦬ ᣣ ߆ࠄ㧣࿁ߦࠊߚߞߡ᡽╷㊄೑ࠍᲑ㓏⊛ߦᒁ߈ਅߍ㧘㧑ߩ߈ࠊ߼ߡૐ޿㊄೑᳓Ḱ߇㧞ᐕඨ߶ߤ⛯ߊߎ ߣߦߥࠆ㧚ߎߎߢᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕ߇㧘‛ଔ߇ᜬ⛯⊛ߦ਄᣹ߔࠆਛߢ߽㊄೑ࠍᒁ߈ਅߍߚߎ ߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕ߇਄㧔 䋲䋭䋳㧕ߢ⸒෸ߒߚᚢ⇛⊛ⴕേߩ╙㧞ߩᩇ㧘ߟ߹ࠅ᥊᳇േ

ะߦᓇ㗀ߔࠆవⴕᜰᮡࠍ߽⠨ᘦߒߥ߇ࠄ᡽╷ࠍ᳿ቯߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߩற⸽ߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚឵⸒ߔࠇ߫㧘᰷Ꮊ ਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪ‛ଔേะߛߌߢߥߊࡑࠢࡠ⚻੍᷹ᷣߥߤߩ㑐ㅪᖱႎࠍ߽ᬌ⸛ߒ㧘✚ว⊛ߥ᥊᳇್ᢿߦၮߠ޿

ߚ᡽╷᳿ቯࠍⴕߞߡ޿ࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ

㧚

ߎ߁ߒߚ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷߇㧘ߘߩᤨޘߦㆡಾߥ㊄೑᳓Ḱࠍታ⃻ߢ߈ߚ߆ߤ߁߆ߪ⥝๧ᷓ޿໧

㗴ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩ್ᢿၮḰߣߒߡ৻⥸ߦෳᾖߐࠇࠆߩ߇㧘࠹ࠗ࡜࡯࡮࡞࡯࡞ߦၮߠߊℂ⺰୯ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩ ℂ⺰୯ߦᾖࠄߒߡߺࠆߣ㧘 ޟ⍴ᦼ㊄೑ߪ᥊᳇㊰ൻߩ㑆㧘ߣߊߦ ᐕᓟඨએ㒠ߩ⚻ᷣᵴേߦ㗅ᔕ 㧔accommodative 㧕ߒߡ޿ߚޠ 㧚ߒ߆߽ᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄೑᳓Ḱ߇㧘࠹ࠗ࡜࡯ߩ࿁ᑈࠍవ ขࠅߒߚേ߈ࠍ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ

㧚ߎߩߎߣ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪ⚻ᷣേะࠍ ᓟㅊ޿ߔࠆࠃࠅ߽వⴕᜰᮡߩᄌൻࠍ㊀ⷞߒ㧘ᧂ᧪ᔒะߩ᡽╷ㆇ༡ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ࠆߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚 ߒ߆ߒߎߩ႐วߢ߽㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ৻ర⊛ߥ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷߇㧘࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߦߣߞߡㆡಾߥ㊄೑᳓Ḱࠍታ

⃻ߢ߈ߚ߆ߤ߁߆ߪ೎໧㗴ߢ޽ࠆ㧚න৻౒ㅢㅢ⽻ޟ࡙࡯ࡠޠ߇ዉ౉ߐࠇߚߣߒߡ߽㧘৻‛৻ଔߩᴺೣ߇ ቢోߦᡰ㈩ߒߡ޿ࠆࠊߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ଔᩰߩ෼ᢢ߇ㅴ߻ߣ㧘‛ଔ᳓Ḱߩૐ޿࿖ߢߩࠗࡦࡈ࡟₸ߪ㧘⋧ኻ⊛

ߦ㜞ߊߥࠅ㧘ㅒߩ႐วߪㅒߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߩ߁߃㧘ฦ࿖ߩ㊄ⲢᏒ႐ߩᏅ⇣ࠍ෻ᤋߒ㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߩવ㆐ࡔࠞ࠾

࠭ࡓ߽⇣ߥࠆ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘,2ࡈࠖ࠻࠘࠶ࠪJean-Paul Fitoussiߣ (-2ࠬࠠࠝ࠶ࡄFiorella Kostoris Padoa Schioppaߪ㧘⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖⊒⿷ᓟ㧟ᐕ㑆ߩ࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߩ࠹ࠗ࡜࡯࡮࡞࡯࡞ߦၮߠߊℂ⺰୯ߣ᰷Ꮊ ਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄೑᳓Ḱߣߩਵ㔌᏷㧘ߘߒߡ㊄೑ߩᄌൻ߇෸߷ߔታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸߳ߩࠗࡦࡄࠢ࠻ࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆ ߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷߇࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߩ⚻ᷣࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬߦ෸߷ߒߚᓇ㗀ࠍᲧセ⹏ଔ ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ᓐࠄߩ⎇ⓥߦࠃࠇ߫㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄೑᳓Ḱ߇⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߦᛥ೙⊛ߥലᨐࠍ෸߷ߒߚ࿖ߪ㧘

26

European Commission(2003b), p. 38; Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 106.

27

European Commission(2003b), p. 38 f.

ࡐ࡞࠻ࠟ࡞߿࠼ࠗ࠷ߥߤ㧢ࡨ࿖ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ㅒߩࠤ࡯ࠬߪࠕࠗ࡞࡜ࡦ࠼߿ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࠕߥߤߩ㧠ࡨ࿖ߢ޽ߞ ߚ㧚ߎߩ߁ߜ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷߇ታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸ࠍ 㧑߽᛼ߒ਄ߍߚࠕࠗ࡞࡜ࡦ࠼ࠍ଀ᄖߦ ߒߡ㧘⚻ᷣᚑ㐳߳ߩᓇ㗀ߪ㕖Ᏹߦዊߐߊ㧘ߘߩᄢ߈ߐߪ㧘r㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩ▸࿐ౝߦ෼߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚

଀߃߫㧘ࡐ࡞࠻ࠟ࡞ߢ 㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻㧘࠼ࠗ࠷ߢߪ 㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻߶ߤታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸߇ૐߊߥࠅ㧘 ㅒߦࠕࠗ࡞࡜ࡦ࠼એᄖߩ࿖ߢ᜛ᄢലᨐߩ޽ߞߚ࿖ߩ߁ߜ㧘ࠝ࡯ࠬ࠻࡝ࠕߢ 㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻㧘ࠗ࠲࡝ࠕߢ 㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻߶ߤታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸߇᛼ߒ਄ߍࠄࠇߚ

㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߪ㧘࡙࡯

ࡠฦ࿖ߩᚑ㐳ࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬࠍᄢ߈ߊᱡ߼ࠆߎߣߥߊਛ┙⊛ߢ޽ߞߚ㧚ᐞಽᅢᗧ⊛ߦ޿߃߫㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ

㌁ⴕߦࠃࠆ৻ర⊛ߥ㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߢߩ᥊ᴫᗵ߇⇣ߥࠆਛ㧘․ቯߩ࿖ߦ᡽╷ࠦࠬ࠻ࠍォᇾߔࠆ ߎߣߥߊ㧘⚻ᷣᄌേߩ቟ቯൻߦᚑഞߒߚߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚

᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ᡽╷ㆇ༡ߩ㎛ߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߦ߅ߌࠆ᥊᳇േะߩࡃ࡜࠷ࠠࠍߤߩࠃ߁ߦ⠨ᘦߔࠆߩ߆ߦ ដ߆ߞߡ޿ࠆߣ޿ߞߡࠃ޿߇㧘ߘࠇࠍ⵬ቢߒ㧘ᡰេߔࠆߩ߇㧘࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߩ⽷᡽ㆇ༡ߢ޽ࠆ㧚ઁᣇ㧘࡙

࡯ࡠ⻉࿖ߩ⽷᡽ㆇ༡ߪޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠߦࠃߞߡᄢ߈ߊ೙⚂ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ࡙࡯ࡠ⻉࿖ߩ⽷᡽

ㆇ༡ߦߪ㧘᥊᳇ᄌേߩࡈࠔࠗࡦ࡮࠴ࡘ࡯࠾ࡦࠣߣ⽷᡽ౣᑪߣ޿߁ޟੑ㊀ߩ⺖㗴ޠ߇ਈ߃ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ㧚 ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ో૕ߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩኻ )&2 Ყߪ㧘 ⚻ᷣㅢ⽻ห⋖ෳടߦะߌߚฦ࿖ߩ⽷᡽ౣᑪദജࠍ෻ᤋߒ ᐕߦߪ 㧑߳ߣૐਅߒ㧘 ᐕߦߪࠊߕ߆ߢߪ޽ࠆ߇㤥ሼ⽷᡽ኻ )&2 Ყ 㧑ࠍታ⃻ߒߚ߽ߩߩ㧘 ߘߩᓟߪ⽷᡽⿒ሼ߇᜛ᄢߒ㧘⽷᡽⿒ሼߩኻ )&2 Ყߪ ᐕߦߪ㧟㧑ߦ㆐ߒߡߒ߹ߞߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ᒰ⹥

ᦼ㑆ߩ᥊᳇ᓴⅣ⺞ᢛᷣߺߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩኻ)&2Ყߪ㧑߆ࠄ㧑߳ߣ㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ߩ਄᣹ߦᱛ߹ߞߡ

޿ࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘ߎߩᤨᦼߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩჇᄢߪ㧘᥊᳇ᷫㅦߦࠃࠆ⥄േ቟ቯൻⵝ⟎ߩ૞േߦਥߦේ࿃ߒ ߡ޿ߚߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚

ߒ߆ߒ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⽷᡽ㆇ༡ߦߟ޿ߡ߽㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߣห᭽ߩ໧㗴߇↢ߓࠆ㧚࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⽷᡽ౣᑪദജ ߩᚑᨐߣ࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߩ⽷᡽⁁ᘒߪᄢ߈ߊ⇣ߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚 ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩኻ )&2 Ყ ᐕߢߺࠆ ߣ㧘ࡈ࡜ࡦࠬ㧑㧘࠼ࠗ࠷㧑㧘ࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ㧑㧘ࡐ࡞࠻ࠟ࡞㧑߇⋡┙ߡᖡߊ㧘ࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ ߪᷓೞߥ౏⊛ௌോ໧㗴㧔ኻ )&2 Ყߢ 㧑㧕ࠍ߽ᛴ߃ߡ޿ࠆ

㧚

ߎ߁ߒߚਛ㧘᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߪ ᐕ ᦬ߦ࠼ࠗ࠷ߣࡐ࡞࠻ࠟ࡞ߦኻߒߡ⽷᡽ⷙᓞߩㆩ቞ࠍଦߔߚ߼ߩ ޟᣧᦼ⼊ႎޠthe early warningߩ൘๔᩺ࠍೋ߼ߡ➙߼㧘ℂ੐ળߦឭ಴ߒߚ㧚࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ᦨᄢߩ⚻ᷣᄢ

࿖࠼ࠗ࠷ߪ㧘࠼ࠗ࠷⛔৻ߦ઻߁⽷᡽⽶ᜂߩჇടߦ⧰ߒߺߟߟ߽㧘 ᐕએ㒠ߪ⽷᡽⿒ሼࠍၮḰ୯એਅߦ 㚂የ⦟ߊᛥ߃ߡ߈ߚ㧚ߣߎࠈ߇㧘᥊᳇ᓟㅌ߿ᴺੱ⒢ᷫ⒢ߦࠃࠆ⒢෼ᷫߩߚ߼㧘࠼ࠗ࠷ߩ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩኻ )&2 Ყߪ㧘 ᐕߦߪ೨ᐕߩ 㧑߆ࠄ 㧑ߦ਄᣹ߒ㧘㧟㧑ၮḰࠍ⿥߃ࠆ൓޿ࠍ␜ߒߚ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ ߒ㧘࠼ࠗ࠷ߪࡐ࡞࠻ࠟ࡞ߣห᭽㧘᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߩ൘๔᩺ߩክ⼏ߦߐ޿ߒߡ㧘 ᐕ߹ߢߦ⽷᡽⿒ሼߩኻ )&2 Ყࠍ㧟㧑એਅߦᛥ߃ࠆߎߣࠍ⚂᧤ߒߚߚ߼㧘ℂ੐ળߪ൘๔᩺ߩណᛯࠍ⷗ㅍߞߚ

㧚

ઁᣇ㧘᥊᳇ૐㅅ߇㐳ᒁߊਛ㧘 ޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠߩ⷗⋥ߒ᩺߇ᶋ਄ߒߚ㧚 ޟ቟ቯᚑ㐳දቯޠߩޟᚑ㐳ޠߦ චಽߦ㈩ᘦߒߡදቯࠍ⷗⋥ߘ߁ߣߔࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ߇㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߪᒰὼ㧘ᶖᭂ⊛ߥ┙႐ࠍၷᜬߒߚ㧚 ߎࠇߦኻߒ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߪ㧘ᓥ᧪ߩ⽷᡽ஜోᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆၮḰ୯ࠍ⛽ᜬߒߥ߇ࠄ߽㧘⽷᡽߇᥊᳇േะߦᒢജ

28

Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 106 ff.

29

Vgl. auch Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 136 ff.

30

OECD(2002), p. 129.

⊛ߦኻᔕߢ߈ࠆᡷᱜ᩺ࠍขࠅ➙߼ߚ㧚ߘࠇߦࠃࠇ߫㧘⽷᡽ߩஜోᕈߦ㑐ߔࠆਛᦼ⋡ᮡߪฦ࿖ߩ㐳ᦼௌോ

ߩ⁁ᴫ߿ẜ࿷ᚑ㐳₸ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ⸳ቯߐࠇ㧘ታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸߇ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬߩ႐วߪ㧘⽷᡽⿒ሼߩၮḰ୯⿥ㆊ ߇଀ᄖ⊛ߦኈ⹺ߐࠇࠆߥߤ㧘߈ࠊ߼ߡ㒢ቯ⊛ߢߪ޽ࠆ߇෻ᓴⅣ⊛ߥ⽷᡽ㆇ༡߳ߩ㆏߇㐿߆ࠇߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚 หᡷᱜ᩺ߪ ᐕ㧟᦬ߩℂ੐ળߢวᗧߐࠇ㧘᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߢᛚ⹺ߐࠇߚ

㧚

ߣߪ޿߃㧘 ޟ᥊᳇቟ቯൻ᡽╷ߣߒߡߪⵙ㊂⊛᡽╷ࠃࠅ߽⥄േ቟ቯൻⵝ⟎߇ࠃࠅലᨐ⊛ߢ޽ࠆޠߣߩ⠨

߃߇࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߢߪᡰ㈩⊛ߢ޽ࠆ

㧚ⵙ㊂⊛᡽╷ߪ㧘⼏ળክ⼏ߥߤߩߚ߼ߦ⋧ᒰߥ࠲ࠗࡓ࡮࡜ࠣࠍ઻޿㧘 ߒ߫ߒ߫᥊᳇ห⺞⊛ߥലᨐࠍ߽ߚࠄߔ߇㧘⥄േ቟ቯൻⵝ⟎ߪߘߩᤨޘߩ᥊᳇േะࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ૞േߔࠆߎ ߣߦߥࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘⥄േ቟ቯൻⵝ⟎ߩ૞േⅣႺߩᡷༀ߇ޟࠗࡦࡈ࡟ߥ߈ᜬ⛯⊛ᚑ㐳ޠࠍ ታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߩᄢ೨ឭߢ޽ࠅ㧘࡙࡯ࡠฦ࿖ߪ⽷᡽ౣᑪߦߎࠇ߹ߢࠃࠅ߽♖ജ⊛ߦขࠅ⚵߹ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄ ߥ޿㧚

᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߪޟ ᐕᐲ '7 ⚻ᷣߩ࿁㘈ޠߩਛߢ㧘㊄Ⲣ࡮੍▚᡽╷ߩ᥊᳇᡽╷਄ߩലᨐࠍᰴߩࠃ߁ߦ

⹏ଔߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚 ᐕ߆ࠄ ᐕߩ㑆㧘㊄Ⲣ᡽╷ߣ੍▚᡽╷ߪ᥊᳇േะߦ㗅ᔕߒ㧘 ᐕߦ੍▚᡽╷

ߪਛ┙⊛ߦߥߞߚ㧚ߒ߆ߒᵈᗧߔߴ߈ߪ㧘 ᐕߩᅢᴫᦼߦ߅ߌࠆ᜛ᒛ⊛ߥ੍▚߇㧘 ᐕߦ߅ߌࠆ

⽷᡽㕙߆ࠄߩ᥊᳇ਅᡰ߃ߩⴕേ▸࿐ࠍ೙⚂ߔࠆ㆙࿃ߦߥߞߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆ

㧚ߎ߁ߒߚߎߣ߆ࠄ߽㧘⽷᡽

ౣᑪദജߩᔅⷐᕈ߇ᒝ⺞ߐࠇࠆ߇㧘㜞㦂ൻ␠ળߩ೔᧪ࠍᔨ㗡ߦ⟎ߌ߫㧘߹ߔ߹ߔ߽ߞߡߘ߁ߢ޽ࠆ㧚

䋳䋭䋳䋮䊙䉪䊨⚻ᷣ䊌䊐䉤䊷䊙䊮䉴㩷

ߎߎߢ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬࠍ࿖㓙Ყセߒߡߺࠃ߁㧚╙䋲⴫ ߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠዉ౉ᓟߩਥ ⷐߥࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣᜰᮡࠍ㧘'7㧘'7㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤㧘ߐࠄߦ☨࿖ߣᣣᧄߦߟ޿ߡ৻ⷩ⴫ߦߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚

᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߩ ᐕ⑺ߩ⚻੍᷹ᷣߦࠃࠇ߫㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ᥊ᴫߪ ᐕඨ߫߆ࠄᡷༀߒ㧘ౝ㔛ਥዉߩ⚻

ᷣᚑ㐳߇ ᐕߦ߆ߌߡടㅦߔࠆ߇㧘਄ㅀߒߚߎߣ߆ࠄ߽᣿ࠄ߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߪᚑ㐳࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ

࠭ࡓߦᰳߌࠆ㧚 ᐕ߆ࠄ ᐕߩᐕᐔဋᚑ㐳₸ߢߺࠆߣ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߪ 㧑ߢ㧘 ᐕઍᓟඨߩᐕ ᐔဋᚑ㐳₸ 㧑ࠃࠅ߽ૐߊ㧘 ᐕઍ೨ඨߩᐕᐔဋᚑ㐳₸ 㧑ࠍ߽ࠊߕ߆ߥ߇ࠄਅ࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎ ߩታ❣ߪ㧘 ᐕઍࠍㅢߓߡޟ߭ߣࠅൎߜޠߒ㧘ߘߩᓟ߽Ყセ⊛ᅢ⺞ߥ☨࿖⚻ᷣߣᲧߴࠆߣ⷗ഠࠅߔࠆ

߽ߩߩ㧘ᣣᧄߩᚑ㐳ࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬࠍ਄࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚

㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷 㩷

31

European Council(2005), Presidency Conclusions Brussels 22 and 23 March 2005. Vgl. auch Beirat für Wirtschafts- und Sozialfragen(2005), S. 39 ff.; Breuss(2002), S. 590 ff.; Ohr u. Schmidt(2004), S. 184 ff. ; ౝ㑑ᐭ᡽ᐭ⛔᜝ቭቶ㧔✬㧕 (2004)㧘 67 ࡍ࡯

ࠫએਅ; ↰ਛ(2005)㧘102 ࡍ࡯ࠫએਅ㧚

32

Fitoussi and Schioppa(2005), p. 132.

33

European Commission(2003b), p. 39.

╙䋲⴫㩷 ਥⷐ䈭䊙䉪䊨⚻ᷣᜰᮡ㩷 㩷 㩷 䋨䋱䋩ታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ 㩷

䋨䋲䋩ᶖ⾌⠪‛ଔ਄᣹₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ 㩷

䋨䋳䋩ᄬᬺ₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ 㩷

䋨䋴䋩㓹↪䈱િ䈶₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖

ᣣ ᧄ

㩷

䋨䋵䋩⚻Ᏹ෼ᡰ䈱ኻ䌇䌄䌐Ყ䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 㧙 㧙 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ 㩷

䋨䋶䋩න૏ᒰ䉍ഭ௛䉮䉴䊃਄᣹₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ

㩷 䋨䋷䋩䋱ੱᒰ䈢䉍ഭ௛↢↥ᕈ਄᣹₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ

ᵈ) 1.㧔㧕ᐕߪ㧘ᐕᐔဋ㧚

2. ᄬᬺ₸ߣ⚻Ᏹ෼ᡰߩኻGDPᲧએᄖߪ㧘ኻ೨ᐕߩᄌൻ₸㧚 3. ᄬᬺ₸ߪഭ௛ജੱญߦභ߼ࠆᄬᬺ⠪ߩഀว㧚

಴ᚲ) European Commission(2004),Annex; European Commission (2005e),Annex ߦၮߠ޿ߡ૞ᚑ㧚

ߎ߁ߒߚਛ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ‛ଔേะߪ㧘Ყセኻ⽎࿖ߩਛߢ߽ߞߣ߽቟ቯ⊛ߦផ⒖ߒ㧘㐳ᦼ㊄೑߽቟ቯߒ ߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘᰷Ꮊਛᄩ㌁ⴕߩ⥽ขࠅߩᅱߦ⿠࿃ߔࠆඨ㕙㧘ജᒝߐߦᰳߌࠆ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳 ߦේ࿃ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ޿ߞߡ߽ࠃ޿㧚ઁᣇ㧘⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸ߩ㊰ൻߪ㧘ᄬᬺ₸ߩ㜞ᱛ߹ࠅࠍ߽ߚࠄߒߚ㧚ߎߩᤨ

ᦼߩ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩᄬᬺ₸ߪ㧘 ᐕઍᓟඨߩᐕᐔဋᄬᬺ₸ 㧑ࠍਅ࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘⋧ᄌࠊࠄߕ㧤㧑บᓟ

ඨߦ㜞ᱛ߹ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚㐳ᦼᄬᬺ⠪ߩഀว߽ห᭽ߥ௑ะߦ޽ࠆ㧚Ყセኻ⽎࿖ߩᄬᬺ₸ߪ㧘޿ߕࠇ߽

ᐕઍᓟඨߩᐔဋࠍ਄࿁ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ࠃࠅ߽ૐ޿᳓Ḱߢផ⒖ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߘߩඨ㕙㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ㓹↪

ߩિ߮ߪߎߩᤨᦼ㧘Ყセኻ⽎࿖ࠍ਄࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ߘߩᐔဋિ߮₸ߪ㧘 ᐕઍᓟඨߩඨಽߩࡍ࡯ࠬߦ

⪭ߜㄟࠎߢ޿ࠆ㧚

ᰴߦ㧘ኻᄖ⚻ᷣ㕙ߦ⋡ࠍะߌࠃ߁㧚࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⚻Ᏹ෼ᡰߪ߶߷ဋⴧߒ㧘቟ቯ⊛ߦផ⒖ߒߡ޿ࠆߩߦߚ

޿ߒ㧘ᣣ☨ਔ࿖ߩߘࠇߪ㧘⿒ሼ㤥ሼߩ㆑޿ߪ޽ࠇ㧘߆ߥࠅਇဋⴧߥ⁁ᘒߦ޽ࠅ㧘৻ะߦᡷༀߩళߒ߇ߺ ߃ߥ޿㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ࠦࠬ࠻┹੎ജࠍ␜ߔන૏ᒰߚࠅഭ௛ࠦࠬ࠻ߩേ߈ࠍߺࠆߣ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩߘࠇߪ㧘ᣣ☨

ࠃࠅ߽㜞޿િ߮ࠍ␜ߒ㧘੹ᓟߩ ᔨ᧚ᢱߣߥࠆ㧚ߘߩਥߥේ࿃ߪ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ⋧ኻ⊛ߦૐ޿ഭ௛↢↥ᕈ ߦ᳞߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߎࠇߦ㑐ㅪߒߡ⥝๧ᷓ޿ߩߪ㧘ᰴߩᜰ៰ߢ޽ࠆ㧚⏕߆ߦ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩ㧝ੱᒰߚࠅ ഭ௛↢↥ᕈߪ☨࿖ࠍᄢ߈ߊਅ࿁ࠆ߇㧘ᤨ㑆ᒰߚࠅߩ↢↥ᕈߢߺࠆߣ㧘ߘߩᏅߪ❗ዊߔࠆ㧚ߎߩߎߣߪ㧘

☨࿖ߣ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߦ߅ߌࠆੱ߮ߣߩൕഭⷰߩ㆑޿㧘ߐࠄߦߪᤨ㑆ㆬᅢߩᏅ⇣ࠍ෻ᤋߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߣߪ޿߃㧘

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤߇⋥㕙ߔࠆੱญᷫዋ␠ળߦ߅޿ߡߪ㧘ഭ௛ᛩ౉㊂ߩ⏕଻߇ẜ࿷ᚑ㐳ജߩჇᒝߦਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆ㧚 એ਄ߩߎߣ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߪ㧘‛ଔߩ቟ቯ߿࿖㓙෼ᡰߩဋⴧߣ޿ߞߚ᡽╷⋡ᮡߦ⌕⋡ߔ ࠆ㒢ࠅ㧘ᣣ☨ਔ࿖ࠍ਄࿁ࠆᚑᨐࠍ෼߼ߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠭ࡓߦᰳߌࠆ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳㧘ߘߒߡਇㅘ᣿ߥ 㓹↪ᖱ൓㧘ߐࠄߦߪ⋧ኻ⊛ߦૐ޿ഭ௛↢↥ᕈ਄᣹₸ߥߤߩ᭴ㅧ⊛ߥ⣀ᒙߐࠍᛴ߃ߡ޿ࠆ

㧚ߎߩߎߣ߇

ᰴ▵ߢขࠅ਄ߍࠆ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛⷗⋥ߒߩ⢛᥊ߦߥߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚

䋴䋮㩷 䊥㩷 䉴㩷 䊗㩷 䊮㩷 ᚢ㩷 ⇛㩷 䈱㩷 ౣ㩷 䉴㩷 䉺㩷 㵪㩷 䊃㩷 䋴䋭䋱䋮䊥䉴䊗䊮ᚢ⇛㩷

ᐕ ᦬ ࡮ ᣣߩਔᣣ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦ․೎᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળ߇㐿௅ߐࠇߚ㧚'7 ߪ ᐕߦ㧘 ޡ࠙ࠚ࡞࠽࡯

ႎ๔ᦠޢ ᐕ ᦬એ᧪ߩᖤ㗿ߢ޽ߞߚන৻౒ㅢㅢ⽻ࠍᚑഞⵣߩ߁ߜߦዉ౉ߒߚ߽ߩߩ㧘 ᐕઍ ߦᕆỗߦㅴࠎߛ਎⇇⚻ᷣߩⅣႺᄌൻߦ⋥㕙ߒ㧘ߘߩኻᔕߦㄼࠄࠇߡ޿ߚ㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘⚻ᷣߩࠣࡠ࡯ࡃ

࡞ൻ㧘㜞㦂ൻ␠ળߩ೔᧪㧘ߐࠄߦߪ +%6 ൻ߳ߩኻᔕߢ޽ࠅ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦ․೎᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߩਥⷐߥ࠹࡯ࡑߪ㧘 ߎ߁ߒߚ਎⇇⚻ᷣߩᣂߒ޿ầᵹߦ '7 ߇੹ᓟߤߩࠃ߁ߦㆡᔕߒࠃ߁ߣߔࠆߩ߆ߢ޽ߞߚ㧚

'7 㚂⣖ߪળ⼏ࠍㅢߓߡ߈ࠊ߼ߡ㊁ᔃ⊛ߥᚢ⇛⋡ᮡߩ╷ቯߢวᗧߒߚ㧚ߘࠇߦࠃࠇ߫㧘'7 ߪ ᐕ߹

ߢߦޟࠃࠅᄙߊߩ߆ߟࠃࠅ⾰ߩ⦟޿⡯႐ߣࠃࠅᄢ߈ߥ␠ળ⊛⚿᧤ࠍ⏕଻ߒߥ߇ࠄᜬ⛯⊛ߦ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߔࠆ ߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆ㧘਎⇇ߢ߽ߞߣ߽┹੎ജߩ޽ࠆ߆ߟ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢߥ⍮⼂ၮ⋚⚻ᷣޠ

ߦ↢߹ࠇᄌࠊࠆߎߣ ࠍ⋡ᜰߔߣ޿߁㧚ߘߒߡߘߩߚ߼ߦߪ㧘⍮⼂ၮ⋚⚻ᷣ␠ળ߳ߩ⒖ⴕߩḰ஻㧘᰷Ꮊ␠ળࡕ࠺࡞ߩ⃻ઍൻ㧘 ߐࠄߦஜోߥࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣ⁁ᘒߩ⛽ᜬ߇ᔅⷐߢ޽ࠆߣߩ⹺⼂ߦ߅޿ߡ߽৻⥌ߒߚ㧚࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ㐿ᆎߢ

޽ࠆ㧚⠉ᐕ㧢᦬ߩ࡛࡯࠹ࡏ࡝࡯᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘᳇୥ᄌേ໧㗴߳ߩขࠅ⚵ߺᒝൻߩ৻Ⅳߣߒߡ੩ㇺ⼏ቯᦠ ߩᛕಎࠍផㅴߔߴߊ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ╙㧟ߩᩇߣߒߡޟᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ⊒ዷޠࠍઃߌട߃ߚ㧚ߎ߁ߒߡ⚻ᷣ࡮

␠ળ࡮ⅣႺ᡽╷߆ࠄߥࠆ൮᜝⊛ߥ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ㛽ᩰ߇಴᧪਄߇ߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߒ߆߽ߘࠇࠄ߇⋧੕⵬

ቢ⊛ߦታᣉߐࠇࠆߴ߈ߎߣ߇ᒝ⺞ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ

㧚

34

Beirat für Wirtschafts- und Sozialfragen(2005), S. 31 ff.; Breuss(2002), S. 583 ff.; Breuss(2005), S. 19; ↰ਛ (2005)㧘 98 ࡍ࡯ࠫએਅ㧚

35

European Council(2000), Presidency Conclusions: Lisbon European Council 23 and 24 March 2000.

36

European Council(2001), Presidency Conclusions: Göteborg European Council 15 and 16 June 2001.

╙䋳⴫㩷 䊥䉴䊗䊮ᚢ⇛䈱ਥⷐ䈭⋡ᮡ㩷

㸇䋮䊙䉪䊨⚻ᷣ䋺㩷 ቟ቯ⊛䈎䈧ᜬ⛯⊛䈭⚻ᷣᚑ㐳 䈱ታ⃻

࡮ታ⾰⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸㧔ᐕᐔဋ3%㧕

࡮౏౒⽷᡽ߩ㐳ᦼ⊛ߥᜬ⛯น⢻ᕈߩ⏕଻ߥߤ

㸈䋮ዞᬺ䋺㩷 ഭ௛ജଏ⛎䈱⏕଻ ࡮ዞᬺ₸ߩᒁ߈਄ߍ 2010 ᐕߦ 70%

࡮ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ㅌ಴ᐕ㦂ߩᒁ߈਄ߍ2010 ᐕᧃ߹ߢߦ㧡ᱦ)

㸉䋮䉟䊉䊔䊷䉲䊢䊮䈫ᢎ⢒⎇ⓥ䋺㩷 ⍮⼂䉕ၮ⋚䈮㩷 䈚䈢⚻ᷣ␠ળ䈱᭴▽㩷 㩷

࡮ R&D ᡰ಴ߩჇട2010ᐕᧃ߹ߢߦኻGDP Ყ 3%

࡮⎇ⓥ⠪ߩၞౝ⒖േߩ⥄↱ൻߣ⎇ⓥ⠪ߩ᜗⡜ߣ⏕଻

࡮ోቇᩞࠍࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ߦធ⛯2002ᐕᧃ

࡮ోᢎຬߩ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞࡮ࠬࠠ࡞ߩ⠌ᓧ2003ᐕᧃ

࡮㔚ሶ᡽ᐭߩផㅴ

࡮↢ᶦቇ⠌ߩଦㅴߥߤ

㸊䋮⚻ᷣᡷ㕟䋺㩷 ẜ࿷ᚑ㐳ജ䈱Ⴧᄢ䉕⋡ᜰ䈜䉻䉟 䊅䊚䉵䊛䈱Ⴧㅴ

࡮ၞౝᏒ႐ᜰ઎ߩታᣉ₸ᒁ߈਄ߍ

࡮੐ᬺᚲะߌࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯Ꮢ႐ߩ⸃᡼㧔 2004 ᐕ㧕

࡮ၞౝࠨ࡯ࡆࠬᏒ႐ߩቢᚑ

࡮ࡆࠫࡀࠬࠦࠬ࠻ߩᒁ߈ਅߍߥߤ

㸋䋮␠ળ⊛⚿᧤䋺㩷 ဋⴧ䈅䉎⊒ዷ䉕⋡ᜰ䈜␠ળ⊛

⚿᧤䈱ᒝൻ

࡮೨ᦼਛ╬ᢎ⢒ߢߩୃੌ⠪ഀวߩඨᷫ

࡮⽺࿎࡝ࠬࠢߩシᷫ

࡮␠ળ⊛ឃ㒰߿Ꮕ೎ߩ᠗ᑄߥߤ

㸌䋮ⅣႺ䋺㩷 ᜬ⛯น⢻䈭⊒ዷ

࡮ౣ↢น⢻ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯೑↪ߩଦㅴ2010ᐕߦ㔚ജ㔛ⷐߩ22%)

࡮㆏〝੤ㅢ㊂ߩᛥ೙

࡮࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻࠟࠬߩឃ಴㊂ߩᛥ೙ߥߤ

಴ᚲ) European Commission 㧔2005b㧕ߦၮߠ޿ߡ૞ᚑ㧚

╙䋳⴫ ߪᓟㅀߩ᭴ㅧᜰᮡߦኻᔕߐߖߥ߇ࠄ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩኻ⽎㗔ၞࠍ㧢㗔ၞߦ඙ಽߒ㧘ߘߩਥⷐߥ

⋡ᮡࠍ৻ⷩ⴫ߦ➙߼ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ⋡ᮡߪ㧘╙䋳⴫ ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ㕖Ᏹߦ㊁ᔃ⊛ߢ

޽ࠅ㧘ߘࠇࠁ߃߈ࠊ߼ߡᄙ㕙⊛ߥౝኈߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪ㧘ẜ࿷ᚑ㐳ജߩჇᄢ㧘቟ቯ⊛߆ߟ

ⅣႺߦఝߒ޿⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߩታ⃻㧘ߘߒߡဋⴧ޽ࠆ⊒ዷߣ␠ળ⊛⚿᧤ߩᒝൻࠍၮゲߦߒߟߟ㧘਄૏⋡ᮡ

㗄⋡ߣਅ૏⋡ᮡ 㗄⋡߆ࠄߥࠆ㧚ߒ߆߽⋡ᮡ㆐ᚑᐲࠍ⏕⹺ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ ߩ⹏ଔᜰᮡ߇ភቯߐࠇ㧘ฦ

࿖᡽ᐭߪߎࠇ߹ߢᲤᐕ ⒳㘃߽ߩႎ๔ᦠࠍ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߦឭ಴ߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ߆ߞߚ

㧚

࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ․ᓽߪ቞஻▸࿐ߩᐢߐߦ޽ࠆߛߌߢߪߥߊ㧘ᄙߊߩ㗄⋡ߦߟ޿ߡߪᦼ㒢ࠍ඙ಾࠅ㧘߹

ߚᢙ୯⋡ᮡࠍឭ␜ߔࠆߥߤ㧘୘೎⋡ᮡ߇ࠝࡍ࡟࡚ࠗࠪ࠽࡞ߦ⸳ቯߐࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ࡝ࠬࡏ ࡦᚢ⇛ߩㅴ᝞ᐲࠍቯᦼ⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆߚ߼㧘Ფᐕ㧟᦬ߦޟᤐߩ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળޠ߇㐿௅ߐࠇࠆߎߣߦ߽ߥߞߚ㧚

37

Breuss(2005), S. 8,Anm. 7.

ߒ߆߽ߘߩߐ޿㧘⼏⺰ࠍࠃࠅቴⷰ⊛ߦㅴ߼㧘ߘߩ⚿ᨐࠍᡷༀ╷ߦ⏕ታ߆ߟౕ૕⊛ߦ෻ᤋߐߖࠆߚ߼㧘᭴

ㅧᜰᮡ㧔 Structural Indicators㧕ߩᄌൻ߇Ფᐕࡈࠜࡠ࡯ߐࠇ㧘ߘߩ⚿ᨐ߇ႎ๔ߐࠇࠆ㧚᭴ㅧᜰᮡߪ ╙䋳⴫ߢ

␜ߐࠇߚ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩኻ⽎㧢㗔ၞࠍࠞࡃ࡯ߔࠆਥⷐ ♽೉߆ࠄߥࠅ㧘ᕈ೎࡮ㇱ㐷೎ߥߤߢ⚦ಽߒߡ

૞ᚑߐࠇࠆ㑐ㅪᜰᮡࠍ฽߼ว⸘ ᜰᮡ߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ

㧚╙䋴⴫ߪ㧘ਥⷐ ♽೉ߩផ⒖ࠍ৻ⷩ⴫ߦ➙

߼ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚

╙䋴⴫㩷 㪜㪬 䈱᭴ㅧᜰᮡ㩷 㩷

䋨䋱䋩䋱ੱᒰ䈢䉍 㪞㪛㪧䋨㪜㪬㪉㪌㪔㪈㪇㪇䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ

䋨䋲䋩ഭ௛↢↥ᕈ䋨㪜㪬㪉㪌㪔㪈㪇㪇䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ

䋨䋳䋩ዞᬺ₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ

㩷

㩷

38

http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page?_pageid=1133,47800773,1133_47802588&_ dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL

䋨䋴䋩㜞㦂⠪䈱ዞᬺ₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ

䋨䋵䋩ᓟᦼਛ╬ᢎ⢒䈪䈱ୃੌ⠪ഀว䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙

䋨䋶䋩䌒䋧䌄ᡰ಴䈱ኻ 㪞㪛㪧 Ყ䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙

㩷

䋨䋷䋩Ყセ‛ଔ᳓Ḱ䋨㪜㪬㪉㪌㪔㪈㪇㪇䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙

䋨䋸䋩᳃㑆☻࿕ቯ⾗ᧄᒻᚑ䈱ኻ 㪞㪛㪧 Ყ䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙

䋨䋹䋩⽺࿎₸䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 㧙 '7 㧙

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ 㧙

☨ ࿖ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙

䋨㪈㪇䋩㐳ᦼᄬᬺ⠪ഀว䋨䋦䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ ᣣ ᧄ

䋨㪈㪈䋩࿖ౝ䈱㓹↪ᩰᏅ㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙 㧙

㩷

䋨㪈㪉䋩᷷ᥦൻ䉧䉴ឃ಴㊂䋨㪈㪐㪐㪇 ᐕ㪔㪈㪇㪇䋩㩷

'7 㧙 '7 㧙

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ 㧙

☨ ࿖ 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙

䋨㪈㪊䋩䉣䊈䊦䉩䊷ല₸㩷

'7 㧙 '7 㧙

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ 㧙

☨ ࿖ 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙

䋨㪈㪋䋩⽻‛ャㅍ㊂䋨㪈㪐㪐㪌㪔㪈㪇㪇䋩㩷

'7 '7

࡙࡯ࡠ࿤

☨ ࿖ 㧙 ᣣ ᧄ 㧙

ᵈ ) 1. 1 ੱᒰߚࠅGDPߪ㧘ฦ࿖ߢ⇣ߥࠆ‛ଔ᳓Ḱࠍขࠅ㒰ߊߚ߼ߩੱᎿㅢ⽻ߢ޽ࠆ PPS㧔⾼⾈ജၮḰ㧕ߦ឵

▚ߒߡᜰᢙൻߒߚ߽ߩ㧚

2. ഭ௛↢↥ᕈߪ㧘㓹↪⠪㧝ੱᒰߚࠅߩ↢↥ᕈࠍᜰᢙൻߒߚ߽ߩ㧚

3. ዞᬺ₸ߪ㧘 15ᱦ߆ࠄ64 ᱦੱญߩ߁ߜㅳ㧝ᤨ㑆એ਄௛޿ߚੱߩหᐕ㦂ጀߦභ߼ࠆഀว㧚

4. 㜞㦂⠪ߩዞᬺ₸ߪ㧘 55ᱦ߆ࠄ64 ᱦੱญߩ߁ߜㅳ㧝ᤨ㑆એ਄௛޿ߚੱߩหᐕ㦂ጀߦභ߼ࠆഀว㧚

5. ᓟᦼਛ╬ᢎ⢒ߢߩୃੌ⠪ഀวߣߪ㧘20 ᱦ߆ࠄ 24 ᱦੱญߦභ߼ࠆᓟᦼਛ╬ᢎ⢒ୃੌ⠪ߩഀวߢ㧘 ޟ⧯ᐕ⠪

ߩᢎ⢒೔㆐ᐲ᳓Ḱޠߩઍℂᜰᮡ㧚

6. Ყセ‛ଔ᳓Ḱߣߪ㧘ฦ࿖ߩPPP⾼⾈ജᐔଔߣᏒ႐ὑᦧ࡟࡯࠻ߩᲧ₸ࠍᜰᢙൻߒߚ߽ߩ㧚

7. ᳃㑆☻࿕ቯ⾗ᧄᒻᚑߩኻGDPᲧߪ㧘 ޟࡆࠫࡀࠬᛩ⾗ޠߩઍℂᜰᮡ㧚

8. ⽺࿎₸ߣߪ㧘␠ળ⒖ォᡰᛄ޿ᓟߩฦ࿖╬ଔนಣಽᚲᓧߩਛ૏୯ߩ60% ࠍਅ࿁ࠆੱߩഀว㧚

9. 㐳ᦼᄬᬺ⠪ഀวߪ㧘 12ࡨ᦬એ਄ᄬᬺߒߡ޿ࠆੱߩഭ௛ജੱญߦභ߼ࠆഀว㧚

10. ࿖ౝߩ㓹↪ᩰᏅߪ㧘࿾ၞ೎ዞᬺ₸ߩಽᢔࠍ␜ߔ߽ߩߢ㧘 NUTS 2 ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߩ࿾ၞ೎ዞᬺ₸ߩᄌേଥᢙ㧚

NUTS ߣߪ㧘The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statisticsߩ⇛ߢ㧘᰷Ꮊ⛔⸘ዪ߇࿾ၞಽᨆ߿࿾ၞ

⛔⸘ߩ૞ᚑߩߚ߼㧘 ⴕ᡽න૏ߣߪ೎ߦEU ࠍ৻ቯߩၮḰߦߒߚ߇ߞߡ඙ಽߒߚ ޟ⛔⸘਄ߩ࿾ၞ඙ಽ૕♽ޠ ߢ㧘

࡟ࡌ࡞㧞ߪ૑᳃ᢙ߇80 ਁੱ߆ࠄ300 ਁੱⷙᮨߩ࿾ၞߢ㧘 EU ోၞߪ254 ߩ࿾ၞන૏ߦ඙ಽߐࠇࠆ㧚

11. EU ߪ㧘੩ㇺ⼏ቯᦠߢቯ߼ࠄࠇߚ࿾⃿᷷ᥦൻࠟࠬߩឃ಴㊂㧔CO

឵▚㧕ߩ8%೥ᷫߦวᗧߒߚ㧚 EUߪߘ

ߩታ⃻ߩߚ߼㧘޿ࠊࠁࠆޟ EU⽿છಽᜂදቯ㧔ℂ੐ળ᳿ቯ2002/358/EC㧕 ޠߢEU15ࡨ࿖㑆ߩ೥ᷫ⋡ᮡࠍቯ

߼ߡ޿ࠆ㧚

12. ࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ല₸ߪ㧘 GDP1,000࡙࡯ࡠ㧔1995 ᐕߩਇᄌଔᩰ⴫␜㧕ᒰߚࠅߩࠛࡀ࡞ࠡ࡯ᶖ⾌㊂㧔⍹ᴤ឵▚

ߢߩkg㧕 㧚

13. ⽻‛ャㅍ㊂ߪ㧘࿖ౝߩ⽻‛ャㅍ㊂㧔࠻ࡦ࡮ࠠࡠ㧕ࠍ GDP㧔1995 ᐕߩਇᄌଔᩰ⴫␜㧕ߢ㒰ߒߡ㧘 1995 ᐕࠍၮḰᐕߦߒߡᜰᢙൻߒߚ߽ߩ㧚

಴ᚲ Eurostat ࡎ࡯ࡓࡍ࡯ࠫ㧘Structural Indicators: Short list.

䋴䋭䋲䋮㩷 䊥䉴䊗䊮ᚢ⇛䈱ਛ㑆᳿▚㩷

╙䋴⴫ ߆ࠄ߽᣿ࠄ߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛㐿ᆎᓟ㧠ᐕ㑆ߩᚑᨐߪ㧘ฦ࿖㑆ߢߩᄢ߈ߥࡃ࡜࠷ࠠߟ߈ ࠍߺߖߟߟ߽㧘'7 ో૕ߣߒߡߪ✚ߓߡૐ⺞ߢ޽ߞߚ

㧚એਅ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩࠦࠕ㗔ၞߩᄌൻߦ⌕⋡ߒ ߥ߇ࠄ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ᡷቯߩ⢛᥊ࠍតߞߡߺࠃ߁㧚㧝ੱᒰߚࠅ )&2 ߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆߣ㧘'7 ߩ߁ߜධ᰷⻉࿖

ࠍ㒰ߊ࿖߇㧘'7 ߩᐔဋ୯ࠍ਄࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ߇㧘ᣥਛ᧲᰷⻉࿖ߪߔߴߡᐔဋએਅߩ᳓Ḱߦᱛ߹ࠅ㧘'7

ో૕ߢߪ߅ࠃߘ㧡୚߽ߩᚲᓧᩰᏅ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ

㧚'7 ߩ㧝ੱᒰߚࠅ )&2 ߪ࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߣห᭽㧘☨࿖ߩߘࠇ ࠍ 㧑߶ߤਅ࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚

⋧ኻ⊛ߥഠ૏ߪ㧘ഭ௛↢↥ᕈ߿⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߦߟ޿ߡ߽⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 ᐕ߆ࠄ ᐕ߹ߢߩ '7 ߩᐕ ᐔဋഭ௛↢↥ᕈ਄᣹₸ߪ 㧑㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߩߘࠇߪ 㧑ߢ㧘☨࿖ߩ 㧑ߦᲧߴ㧝㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻߶ߤ ૐ޿㧚หᦼ㑆ߩᐕᐔဋ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸߽ '7 ߢ㧑㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߢ 㧑ߦᱛ߹ࠅ㧘☨࿖ߩ 㧑ࠍਅ࿁

ߞߡ޿ࠆ㧚ߒ߆߽ '7 ߪߎࠇ߹ߢ৻ᐲ߽㧟㧑ᚑ㐳ࠍታ⃻ߒߡߪ޿ߥ޿ߩߢ㧘 ᐕ߹ߢߦ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳ߩ⋡

ᮡ୯ࠍ㆐ᚑߔࠆߎߣߪ㕖Ᏹߦ࿎㔍ߣ޿߃ࠃ߁㧚

⍮⼂ၮ⋚⚻ᷣ␠ળ߳ߩ⒖ⴕߩ㎛ࠍីࠆ 4&ᛩ⾗ߪ㧘ࡈࠖࡦ࡜ࡦ࠼߿ࠬ࠙ࠚ࡯࠺ࡦߦ߅޿ߡߪኻ )&2 Ყ㧟㧑ߩ⋡ᮡ୯ࠍ਄࿁ߞߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ో૕ߢ 㧑㧘'7 ߢߪ 㧑ߩ⋧ᄌࠊࠄߕૐ޿᳓

Ḱߦᱛ߹ࠅ㧘⋡┙ߞߚᡷༀ௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇߥ޿㧚ߔߋ਄ߢ⸒෸ߒߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘⚻ᷣᚑ㐳₸߇⋡ᮡ୯ࠍਅ࿁ߞ ߡ޿ࠆߛߌߦ㧘4& ᛩ⾗ߪ㊄㗵ࡌ࡯ࠬߢߺࠆߣ⋧ᒰᄢ߈ߊㆃࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚

ߎ߁ߒߚਛ㧘ዞᬺߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆᜰᮡߢᐞಽ߆ߩᡷༀ௑ะࠍ⹺߼ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪ㧘ᄬᬺ

₸ߦઍ߃ߡዞᬺ₸ࠍ⋡ᮡᄌᢙߦㆬ߮㧘ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩ᭴ㅧᡷ㕟ߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ࠆ㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘 ᐕ߹ߢ

39

Breuss(2005), S. 10 ff.; European Communities(2004), p. 9 ff.

40

EU25ߩ㧝ੱᒰߚࠅGDP(2005 ᐕ㧘⾼⾈ജၮḰ) ߩᐔဋࠍ100 ߣߔࠆߣ㧘৻⇟㜞޿࿖ߪ࡞ࠢ࠮ࡦࡉ࡞ࠢ(248)㧘৻⇟ૐ޿࿖߇࡜࠻ࡆ

ࠕ(47)ߢ޽ࠆ㧚࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ో૕ߢߪ 106 ߢ޽ࠅ㧘ߎࠇࠍਅ࿁ࠆ࡙࡯ࡠ⻉࿖ߪࠗ࠲࡝ࠕ (103)㧘ࠬࡍࠗࡦ(99)㧘ࠡ࡝ࠪࡖ(82)㧘ࡐ࡞࠻ࠟ࡞

(71)ߢ޽ࠆ㧚 2007ᐕട⋖੍ቯߩ࡞࡯ࡑ࠾ࠕߪ 35㧘ࡉ࡞ࠟ࡝ࠕߪ32ߢ޽ࠆߩߢ㧘⚻ᷣᩰᏅߪߐࠄߦ᜛ᄢߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ(Eurostat

news release㧘79/2006㧘15 June 2006)㧚

ߦో૕ߩዞᬺ₸ࠍ 㧑ߦᒁ߈਄ߍࠆߎߣ߇⋡ᜰߐࠇࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ᅚᕈߦߟ޿ߡߪ 㧑߇⋡ᮡ୯ߣߒߡ

⸳ቯߐࠇߚ㧚ߘߒߡ ᐕᤐߩ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘㜞㦂⠪ዞᬺ₸ߩ⋡ᮡ୯ࠍ 㧑ߦߔࠆߎߣ㧘ߘߒߡ ᐕ ᦬ߩਛ㑆⋡ᮡߣߒߡో૕ߩዞᬺ₸ࠍ 㧑ߦ㧘ᅚᕈߩߘࠇࠍ 㧑ߦᒁ߈਄ߍࠆߎߣߢวᗧߒߚ㧚ߎ ߁ߒߚਛ㧘ዞᬺ₸ో૕ߪ ᐕ߆ࠄ ᐕߦ߆ߌߡ '7 ߢ߽࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߢ߽ 㧑ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ᡷༀߒ㧘ߘ ࠇߙࠇ 㧑ߣ 㧑߳ߣᡷༀߒߚ߇㧘࡙࡯ࡠ࿤ߢߩ⋧ኻ⊛ߥㆃࠇ߇⋡┙ߟ㧚㜞㦂⠪ߣᅚᕈߩዞᬺ₸

ߦߟ޿ߡ߽ห᭽ߦᡷༀ௑ะ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆ߽ߩߩ㧘ਛ㑆⋡ᮡߩ㆐ᚑߪ㔍ߒ޿㧚⚻ᷣᚑ㐳߇㊰ൻߔࠆਛ㧘ᄬ

ᬺ₸߇㜞ᱛ߹ࠆߣߪ޿߃㧘ੱญᷫዋ␠ળ߇೔᧪ߔࠆߛߌߦ㧘ዞᬺ₸ࠍᒁ߈਄ߍࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘ഭ௛↢↥ᕈ ࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߎߣ߇㧘'7 ⚻ᷣߩ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠭ࡓࠍ⛽ᜬߔࠆߚ߼ߦߪਇนᰳߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩߚ߼ߦ߽ᒰ㕙ߪ㧘 ኻ☨ࠡࡖ࠶ࡊߩ᜛ᄢ௑ะࠍ෻ォߐߖࠆߎߣ߇ᕆോߣ޿߃ࠃ߁

㧚

ߣߎࠈߢ㧘 ᐕᤐߩ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘᰷Ꮊ㓹↪ᚢ⇛ߩታലᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼㧘9ࠦ࠶ࠢWim Kok ೨

ࠝ࡜ࡦ࠳㚂⋧ࠍ⼏㐳ߣߔࠆ㓹↪࠲ࠬࠢࡈࠜ࡯ࠬࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚ㧚หᐕ ᦬ߦߪ㧘ߘߩႎ๔ᦠޡ⡯႐㧘⡯႐㧘

⡯႐㧙᰷Ꮊߦ߅޿ߡࠃࠅᄙߊߩ㓹↪ࠍഃ಴ߔࠆ㧙ޢ߇ឭ಴ߐࠇߚ㧚ႎ๔ᦠߪ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩᄢ߈ߥㆃ ࠇࠍ⏕ቯߔࠆߣߣ߽ߦ㧘 ޟਛ࡮㐳ᦼ⊛ߦᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ㓹↪ߣ↢↥ᕈߩિ߮ࠍ઻޿ߟߟ㧘⚻ᷣߩẜ࿷ജࠍߤ ߩࠃ߁ߦჇᄢߐߖࠆߩ߆ޠ

߇ᦨᄢߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆߣᜰ៰ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚⠉ ᐕᤐߩ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘࡝ࠬࡏ ࡦᚢ⇛ో⥸ߩߎࠇ߹ߢߩㅴ᝞⁁ᴫࠍ♖ᩏߒ㧘⋡ᮡ㆐ᚑߦ߻ߌߚᡷༀ╷ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߚ߼ߦ㧘9ࠦ࠶ࠢࠍ

⼏㐳ߣߔࠆࡂࠗ࡟ࡌ࡞ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚ㧚หᐕ ᦬ߦߘߩႎ๔ᦠޡ⹜✵ߦ┙ߜะ߆ߞߡ㧙ᚑ㐳ߣ㓹

↪ߩߚ߼ߩ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛㧙ޢ

એਅ㧘 ޡࠦ࠶ࠢႎ๔ᦠޢߣ⇛⸥㧚 㧕߇ឭ಴ߐࠇߚ㧚ᒰᤨߪ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળᆔ

ຬߩᡷㆬᤨᦼߣ߽㊀ߥࠅ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߪᣂߚߥࠆዷ㐿ࠍߺߖࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚

䋴䋭䋳䋮㩷 ᣂ䊥䉴䊗䊮ᚢ⇛㩷

ᐕᤐߩ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ㧘,/ࡃࡠ࡯࠱José Manuel Barrosoᆔຬ㐳₸޿ࠆᣂ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߩᦨఝవ⺖

㗴ߩ߭ߣߟޟ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩౣࠬ࠲࡯࠻ޠࠍᡰេߔߴߊ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩో㕙ᡷ⸓ߢวᗧߒߚ㧚ߘߩ⋥

ធ⊛ߥᄾᯏߦߥߞߚߩ߇㧘 ޡࠦ࠶ࠢႎ๔ᦠޢߦ߅ߌࠆ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩਛ㑆⊛⹏ଔߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߘߎߢߪ㧘ㄭ ᐕߩ'7⚻ᷣߩࡄࡈࠜ࡯ࡑࡦࠬߪ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩㆃࠇߩߚ߼ߦᗌᙛߚࠆ⁁ᘒߢ޽ࠆ㧘 ߣㅀߴࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ

㧚 ߎߩᜰ៰ࠍฃߌ㧘 ᐕᤐߩ᰷Ꮊℂ੐ળߪ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ࠍ⋡ᮡ࡮ታᣉ࡮ࠟࡃ࠽ࡦࠬߩ㧟ὐߢᛮᧄ⊛ߦ⷗

⋥ߒߚ㧚ߘߩၮ⺞ߪޟㆬᛯߣ㓸ਛޠߢ޽ࠅ㧘ో㕙ᡷ⸓ߐࠇߚ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ․ᓽߪ㧘ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦⷐ⚂ߢ ߈ࠆ㧚

వߕ╙㧝ߦ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ⋡ᮡ߇㧘 ޟᚑ㐳ߣ㓹↪ޠߦ⛉ࠅㄟ߹ࠇߚ㧚ߔߢߦㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘ᓥ᧪ߩ

࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩ⋡ᮡߪ㕖Ᏹߦᐢ▸࿐ߦ෸߮㧘൮᜝⊛ߥౝኈࠍ฽ࠎߢ޿ߚ㧚 ޡࠦ࠶ࠢႎ๔ᦠޢߪ㧘ߎߩὐ ߦ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩਇḩ⿷ߥ⚿ᨐߩਥේ࿃ࠍ⹺߼㧘ᚢ⇛⋡ᮡߩ⛉ࠅㄟߺࠍ൘๔ߒߚ

㧚ߎߩ൘๔ߦၮߠ߈㧘 ߈ࠊ߼ߡᄙጘߦࠊߚࠆᚢ⇛⋡ᮡ߇ᢛℂߐࠇ㧘ᣂ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߢߪ㧘ജᒝ޿ᜬ⛯⊛ߥ⚻ᷣᚑ㐳㧘ߘߒߡࠃ

41

European Communities(2004), p. 14 ff.

42

European Commission (2003a), p. 8.

43

European Communities(2004), Facing the Challenge: The Lisbon strategy for growth and employment (Report from the High Level Group chaired by Wim Kok), Nobember 2004.

44

European Communities(2004), p. 6 and p. 10. Vgl. auch European Commission (2005a).

45

European Communities(2004), p. 16.

ࠅᄙߊߩ߆ߟࠃࠅ⾰ߩ⦟޿⡯႐ߩഃ಴߇ᦨఝవ⋡ᮡߣߐࠇ㧘ߘߩታ⃻ࠍㅢߓߡ᰷Ꮊ␠ળࡕ࠺࡞ߩ⃻ઍൻ ߣᜬ⛯น⢻ߥ⊒ዷ߇⋡ᜰߐࠇࠆߎߣߦߥߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆ㧚

╙㧞ߦ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩታᣉߦߐ޿ߒߡߪޟᚑ㐳ߣ㓹↪ߩߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊޠ߇ᒝ⺞ߐࠇ㧘 ޟ࡝

ࠬࡏࡦ࡮ࠕ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓޠ߇ߘߩၮゲߣߥࠆ㧚 ޟᚑ㐳ߣ㓹↪ߩߚ߼ߩࡄ࡯࠻࠽࡯ࠪ࠶ࡊޠߣߪ㧘

᭴ㅧᡷ㕟ߩᔅⷐᕈߩ⹺⼂ࠍᷓ߼㧘߹ߚߘߩታലᕈࠍᡷༀߔߴߊ㧘㊀ⷐߥ೑ኂ㑐ଥᒰ੐⠪߇ෳടߒ㧘ද௛

ߔࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆ

㧚ౕ૕⊛ߦߪ㧘'7 ࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߪ⊒⼏⠪ߣߒߡߩ᰷Ꮊᆔຬળߣឭ᩺ߩታᣉߦ⽿છࠍᜬߟട

⋖ฦ࿖ߣߩㅪ៤߇໧㗴ߦߥࠅ㧘ฦ࿖࡟ࡌ࡞ߢߪฦ࿖᡽ᐭߣ࿾ၞ࡮࿾ᣇ᡽ᐭߣߥࠄࠎߢ㧘␠ળ⊛ࡄ࡯࠻࠽

࡯߽࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩᜂ޿ᚻߣߒߡ⚵ߺㄟ߹ࠇ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩᓎഀಽᜂ㧘ߒߚ߇ߞߡ߹ߚ⽿છಽᜂ߇᣿⏕ߦ ߐࠇ㧘ታലᕈߩะ਄߇ᦼᓙߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎ߁ߒߚ᡽╷ߩᜂ޿ᚻ⋧੕ߩ㑐ଥᕈࠍౕ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼ߩࠪ࠽࡝ࠝ߇㧘 ޟ࡝ࠬࡏࡦ࡮ࠕ࡚ࠢࠪࡦ࡮ࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓޠߢ޽ࠆ㧚ߎߩࡊࡠࠣ࡜ࡓߪ࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩࡆ࡚ࠫࡦ㧘ߔߥࠊߜ ޟ ᐕ߹ߢߦ਎⇇ߢ߽ߞߣ߽┹੎ജߩ޽ࠆ࠳ࠗ࠽ࡒ࠶ࠢߥ⚻ᷣ࿤ޠࠍታ⃻ߔࠆߚ߼㧘ࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣ࡮ࡒ

ࠢࡠ⚻ᷣ࡮㓹↪ߩ㧟ಽ㊁ߣߘࠇߦ㑐ㅪߔࠆၮᐙ 㗄⋡╙䋵⴫ߦߟ޿ߡᣂߒ޿ᣉ╷ࠍឭ␜ߒߡ޿ࠆ㧚

㩷 ╙䋵⴫㩷 ᣂ䊥䉴䊗䊮ᚢ⇛䈱㊀ὐᣉ╷㩷 㩷

㩷

㸇䋮䊙䉪䊨⚻ᷣ䋺㩷 ᚑ㐳䈱䈢䉄䈱⍮⼂䈫䉟䊉䊔䊷䉲䊢䊮㩷㩷 (1) ࠃࠅᄙߊߩ㧘ߘߒߡ⋡⊛ࠍ⛉ߞߚ R&D ᛩ⾗

(2) ࠗࡁࡌ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩଦㅴ㧘ICT ߩ᥉෸㧘ߘߒߡ⾗Ḯߩ᦭ല೑↪

(3) EUߦ߅ߌࠆᒝജߥ↥ᬺၮ⋚ߩ᭴▽

㸈䋮䊚䉪䊨⚻ᷣ䋺㩷 ᛩ⾗䈫ഭ௛䈱䈢䉄䈱㝯ജะ਄㩷 (4) ၞౝᏒ႐ߩ᜛ᄢߣᷓൻ

(5) EU ߣട⋖ฦ࿖ߩⷙ೙ߩᡷༀ

(6) EUౝᄖߢߩ㐿᡼⊛࡮┹੎⊛ߥᏒ႐ߩ଻⸽

(7) EUߩࠗࡦࡈ࡜ࠬ࠻࡜ࠢ࠴ࡘࠕ࡯ߩᢛ஻᜛ల 㸉䋮㓹↪䋺㩷 䉋䉍ᄙ䈒䈱䈎䈧䉋䉍⾰䈱⦟䈇⡯႐䈱ഃ಴㩷㩷

(8) ዞᬺ₸ߩᒁ߈਄ߍߣ␠ળ଻㓚೙ᐲߩ⃻ઍൻ

(9) ൕഭ⠪ߣડᬺߩㆡᔕജ߅ࠃ߮ഭ௛Ꮢ႐ߩિ❗ᕈߩะ਄

(10) ੱ⊛⾗ᧄ߳ߩᛩ⾗ߩჇᄢ

(಴ᚲ ) European Commission㧔2005c㧕ߦၮߠ޿ߡ૞ᚑ㧚

╙㧟ߦ㧘࡝ࠬࡏࡦᚢ⇛ߩࠟࡃ࠽ࡦࠬะ਄ߩߚ߼㧘᡽╷ߩ⋧੕⺞ᢛ߇ᒝൻߐࠇߚ㧚ᧄⓂ 䋲䋭䋳ߢ᭎ⷰߒ ߚࠃ߁ߦ㧘ฦ࿖ߩ⚻ᷣ᡽╷ࠍ⋧੕ߦ⺞ᢛߔࠆߚ߼㧘'7 ߪߎࠇ߹ߢߦ߽޿ߊߟ߽ߩᚻ⛯߈ࠍ೙ᐲൻߒߡ߈ ߚ㧚 ᐕߦߪ㓹↪᡽╷ߩߚ߼ߩ࡞ࠢ࠮ࡦࡉ࡞ࠢ࡮ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ㧘 ᐕߦߪၞౝᏒ႐ቢᚑߦะߌߚ᭴ㅧ ᡷ㕟ߩផㅴߩߚ߼ߩࠞ࡯࠺ࠖࡈ࡮ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ㧘ߘߒߡ ᐕߦߪࡑࠢࡠ⚻ᷣ⊛ߥኻ⹤ߩߚ߼ߩࠤ࡞ࡦ࡮

46

Europäische Kommission(2005), S. 7; European Commission(2005a), p. 4; European Commission(2005c), p. 14.