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発達障害児の母親の語りのなかに見る家族をつなぐ実践

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142

質的心理学研究 第15号/2016/No.15/142-158

発達障害児の母親の語りのなかに見る家族をつなぐ実践

─「葛藤の物語」から「しなやかな実践の物語」へ

沼田あや子 首都大学東京大学院人文科学研究科

NUMATA Ayako Graduate School of Humanities, Tokyo Metropolitan University

要約

本研究は,発達障害児の母親が語る,子と父親(夫)と暮らす日常生活のエピソードに着目し,母親が家族との関 わりのなかでどのように生きているかを描き出す試みである。母親の日常生活の意味世界に近づこうとする本研 究は,従来の障害児の母親のストレス研究が問題発見・解決型の研究とすると,物語発掘型の研究といえる。発達 障害児を育てる母親にインタビューをおこない,母親-子,母親-父親の二つの関わりについて,それぞれの語り を修正版グラウンデッド・セオリー・アプローチ(M-GTA)で分析した。その結果,母親は子との関わりにおい て,「障害児」というより「我が子」を知りたいという思いを軸に,専心的な二者関係で子とつながっていた。父 親との関係では,足並みが揃わずとも母親は心のなかで折り合いをつけることでつながりを保っていた。二つの 結果から,家族というフィールドにおいて主体的に子や父親と関わり,日々の課題に対して自ら考え,乗り切ろう と実践し続ける母親の姿が浮かび上がってきた。本研究は,従来の障害児の母親研究で描かれてきた「葛藤の物 語」ではない,平穏な日々を願いながら家族をつないでゆく母親の「しなやかな実践の物語」を発掘した。

キーワード

発達障害児の母親,家族,日常,物語,

M-GTA

Title

Flexible Practices for Family Ties by Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities: From “The Story of Conflict” to “The Story of Practice with Flexibility”

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to describe how mothers of children with developmental disabilities live with their family, focusing on episodes of their everyday life. This study aimed at understanding various meanings the mothers created in family life. The author called it “narrative-discovering approach”, compared with

“problem-solving approach”. Mothers raising children with developmental disabilities were interviewed about communications between with their children, and with their husbands. The data was analyzed using Modified Grounded Theory Approach (M-GTA). Results from these two investigations revealed that dedicated relationship of mother-child was supported by mothers’ desire to understand “my son/daughter” not “disabled child”, and mothers constantly reframed the conflicts within marriage in their mind to keep the family ties. Findings indicated that mothers spontaneously involved their families and got through difficult phases with flexibility in family fields.

In addition to “the story of conflict” described by previous studies of mothers of disabled children, this study discovered “the story of practice with flexibility” of mothers to sustain peaceful family lives.

Key…words

mothers of children with developmental disabilities, family, everyday life, stories, M-GTA

参照

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