A FRAMEWORK FOR DESCRIBING THE PROCESSES THAT UNDERGRADUATES USE TO CONSTRUCT PROOFS
The purpose of this paper is to offer a framework for categorizing and describing the different types of processes that undergraduates use to construct proofs. Based on 176 observations of undergraduates constructing proofs collected over several studies, I describe three qualitatively different ways that undergraduates use to construct proofs. In the concluding section, I describe the learning that is likely to occur by writing proofs in each of these three ways.
INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH CONTEXTS
TYPES OF PROOF PRODUCTIONS Procedural proof productions
procedural proof production
algorithm
i=nf(i) = g(n)
f(1) = g(1)
i=nf(i) = g(n)
i=n+1f(i) = i=nf(i) + f(n+1)
g(n) + f(n+1)
g(n) + f(n+1) = g(n+1)
i=n+1f(i) = g(n+1).
i=nf(i) = g(n)
process
Syntactic proof productions
syntactic proof production
Semantic proof production
semantic proof production
DISCUSSION
Learning outcomes of different types of proof productions
only
Types of proof productions by the undergraduates in these studies
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