1 ⾲1 ி㒔ᗓࡢᅜᐆ࣭㔜せᩥ㈈ࡢᩘ1) 㔜せᩥ㈈ࡢ௳ᩘࡣᅜᐆࡢ௳ᩘࢆྵࡴࠋ(ᖹᡂ 19 ᖺ 3 ᭶ 1 ᪥⌧ᅾ) ᘓ㐀≀ Ჷᩘ ⨾⾡ᕤⱁရ ᘓ㐀≀ Ჷᩘ ⨾⾡ᕤⱁရ ி㒔ᗓ ᅜ ᅜẚ ᅜᐆ 㔜せᩥ㈈ Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ㄽᩥ㞟 Vol.1㸦2007 ᖺ 6 ᭶㸧
ி
ி㒔┅ᆅ࠾ࡅࡿṔྐⓗᘓ㐀≀ࡢ⿕⅏ྐࡢࣅࢪࣗࣝ
Visualization of disaster histories about old temples and shrines in Kyoto
ⰱ⏣ᖾ
1࣭ᅵᒱ᠇୕
2࣭ఀὠ㔝⾜
3࣭ᓊᮏⱥ᫂
4Kazuyuki Ashida, Kenzo Toki, Kazuyuki Izuno, Hideaki Kishimoto
1❧㤋ᏛᏛ㝔 ⌮ᕤᏛ◊✲⛉ 㐀⌮ᕤᏛᑓᨷ(ࠛ525-8577 ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ 1-1-1)Graduate Student, Ritsumeikan University, Graduate School of Science and Engineering
2❧㤋Ꮫᩍᤵ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㒔ᕷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉(ࠛ525-8577 ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ 1-1-1)
Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
3❧㤋Ꮫᩍᤵ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㒔ᕷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉(ࠛ525-8577 ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ 1-1-1)
Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
4᪥ᮏࢥࣥࣆ࣮ࣗࢱ࣮ࢥࣥࢧࣝࢱࣥࢶ(ࠛ540-0035 㜰ᕷ୰ኸ༊㔮㚝⏫ 2-1-4)
Japan Computer Consultants
Conserving irreplaceable cultural heritages is our mission. An interactive movie was made to get understanding and cooperation of many people for conserving cultural properties. This movie includes abandoned temples and change of urban district in Kyoto. We can change the era of the city by moving the map up and down. By showing the urban district of each era on the map, we can recognize the abrupt spreading of urban area in those days. As most of the cultural heritages are surrounded by inflammables, they have high probability to be missed by post-earthquake fire. This movie can be used to demonstrate the importance of the cultural heritage disaster mitigation.
Key Words: cultural heritages, disaster histories, abandoned temple, urban district
㸯㸬◊✲ࡢ⫼ᬒ࣭┠ⓗ
Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ࡛࠶ࡿி㒔ࡣᩘከࡃࡢᑎ㝔࣭⚄♫ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡢ୰ࡣࠊୡ⏺㑇⏘ࡸᅜᐆࡸ㔜せᩥ㈈ᣦᐃ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡶࡢࡶከࡃᏑᅾࡍࡿ(⾲ 1 ཧ↷)ࠋ ⚾ࡓࡕࡣࠊࡇࢀࡽࡢࡅࡀ࠼ࡢ࡞࠸ᩥ㈈ࡸᩥ㑇⏘ࢆᚋୡ⥅ᢎࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ㈐ົࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊி㒔┅ᆅࡢ⦕ ㎶ᆅᇦࡣⰼᢡ᩿ᒙࠊ᱈ᒣ᩿ᒙࠊすᒣ᩿ᒙ࡞ࡀᏑᅾࡋ࡚࠾ࡾࠊ㏆࠸ᑗ᮶ࠊ㜰⚄࣭ῐ㊰㟈⅏ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ෆ㝣ᆅ㟈ࡀ Ⓨ⏕ࡍࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ༑ศ࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࠊࡑࢀక࠺ᆅ㟈ⅆ⅏➼ࡼࡾࠊṔྐⓗᘓ㐀≀ࡀ↝ኻࡍࡿᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ ᩥ㈈ࢆᆅ㟈ᚋࡢⅆ⅏ࡽᏲࡿࡇࡢ㔜せᛶࢆᗈࡃᅜẸ୍⯡ッ࠼ࡿࡇࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ −93−2 ᅗ1 ⿕⅏ྐࡢ⾲⌧᪉ἲ ⅆ⅏䛻䜘䜚 ᗫ⤯ ⅆ⅏⤒㦂 䛒䜚 䛭䛾䛾⿕ ⅏䛻䜘䜚ᗫ⤯ ⿕⅏䛺䛧䛷 ᗫ⤯ ྜィ௳ᩘ ᕥி༊ 㻝㻝 㻡 㻝 㻤 㻞㻡 ᮾᒣ༊ 㻢 㻠 㻜 㻤 㻝㻤 ୖி༊ 㻝㻜 㻝 㻜 㻟 㻝㻠 ༊ 㻝 㻞 㻜 㻤 㻝㻝 అぢ༊ 㻠 㻝 㻜 㻡 㻝㻜 ྑி༊ 㻝 㻝 㻜 㻣 㻥 ᒣ⛉༊ 㻝 㻝 㻜 㻠 㻢 すி༊ 㻟 㻜 㻜 㻞 㻡 ୰ி༊ 㻟 㻜 㻜 㻞 㻡 ୗி༊ 㻝 㻜 㻜 㻞 㻟 ༡༊ 㻝 㻜 㻜 㻜 㻝 ྜィ 㻠㻞 㻝㻡 㻝 㻠㻥 㻝㻜㻣 ⾲2 ᗫᑎࡢ⿕⅏≧ἣ ࡑࡇ࡛ࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣᩥ㈈㜵⅏ࡢ⌮ゎ༠ຊࠊࡲࡓ⯆㛵ᚰࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵࡢ㸯ࡘࡢᡭẁࡋ࡚ࠊி㒔┅ᆅࢆ ྲྀࡾࠊᕷ⾤ᆅࡢ௦ⓗኚ㑄Ṕྐⓗᘓ㐀≀ࡢ⿕⅏ྐࢆどぬࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊᩥ㑇⏘ࢆ⅏ᐖࡽᏲࡿࡇࡢ 㔜せᛶࢆᏛࡪࡢฟ᮶ࡿᩍᮦࢆ㛤Ⓨࡋࡓࠋ
㸰㸬◊✲᪉ἲ
ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊṔྐⓗᘓ㐀≀ࡀᐦ㞟ࡍࡿி㒔┅ᆅࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋࡲࡎࠊᑎ♫ࡢ⿕⅏ྐࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ2)㹼4)ᕷ⾤ᆅࡢṔྐ ⓗኚ㑄ࡢࢹ࣮ࢱ5)㹼12)ࢆᩥ⊩ࡼࡾ㞟ࡋࡓࠋᑐ㇟ࡋࡓᑎ♫ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊୡ⏺㑇⏘࣭ᅜᐆ࣭㔜せᩥ㈈ࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎࠊ ࡍ࡛ᗫᑎ࡞ࡗࡓᑎ♫ࡶྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓࠋᗫᑎࢆྲྀࡾୖࡆࡓ⌮⏤ࡣࠊ㐣ཤࢀࡔࡅࡢᑎ♫ࡀኻࢃࢀࡓࢆ▱ࡿࡇ ࡀࠊ⌧ᅾṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᩥ㈈ࢆษࡍࡿ⧅ࡀࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊ⾲2 ி㒔ᕷᇦᘓ㐀ࡉࢀࡓ ᑎ♫(ᗫᑎ)࠾ࡅࡿ⿕⅏ࡢ≧ἣࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ࡇࢀࡼࡿࠊᗫ⤯ࡋࡓ⚄♫ᑎ㝔ࡣ107 ௳࠶ࡾࠊࡑࡢ࠺ࡕ⿕⅏࡞ࡋ࡛ᗫ⤯ࡋࡓࡶ ࡢࡀ⣙46㸣࠶ࡾࠊ⣙ 40%ࡀⅆ⅏ࡢ⿕ᐖᚋ ᗫ⤯ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᘓࡽᗫ⤯ࡲ࡛ࡢ㛫 ⅆ⅏ࡢ⤒㦂ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓᗫ⤯ᑎ♫ࡶ࠶ࢃ ࡏࡿ⣙53%࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊⅆ⅏௨እࡢ ⿕⅏࡛ᗫ⤯ࡋࡓࡶࡢࡣ1 ௳࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡇ ࡢࡇࡽࠊⅆ⅏ࡣ⚄♫ᑎ㝔ࡢᗫ⤯࠾ ࡅࡿ┤᥋ⓗࡲࡓࡣ㛫᥋ⓗ࡞ཎᅉࡋ࡚ ࡁ࡞㒊ศࢆ༨ࡵࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ୍᪉ࠊᕷ⾤ᆅࡢࢹ࣮ࢱࡣࠊ௦ࡈ ி㒔ࡢࡢ࠶ࡓࡾࡲ࡛ࡀᒃఫᆅ࡛࠶ ࡗࡓࢆ⾲ࢃࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊᕷ⾤ᆅࡢ⠊ᅖᑎ♫ࡢ⿕⅏ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ▱ࡿࡇࡀฟ᮶ࡿࠋ ḟࠊࡑࢀࡽࡢ୧⪅ࡢ㛵ಀࢆ௦ࡢ㛵ಀࡋ࡚3 ḟඖ⾲⌧ࡋ࡚ࣅࢪࣗࣝࡋࡓࠋࣉࣟࢢ࣑ࣛࣥࢢࡣ C ゝ ㄒࢆ⏝࠸ࠊOpenGL ࠸࠺ࢶ࣮ࣝࢆ⏝ࡋࡓࠋᕷ⾤ᆅࡢኚ㑄ࡣすᬺ 800 ᖺࡽ 2000 ᖺࡲ࡛ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋࡓࠋࡇ࠺ࡋ ࡚ᡂࡋࡓ࢜ࣈࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࣒࣮ࣅ࣮ࡣࠊ࣮࣮࢟࣎ࢻධຊࡼࡗ࡚Ⰽࠎ࡞᧯సࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺タᐃࡋࡓࠋ㸱㸬⿕⅏ྐࡢ⾲⌧
௦ࡈࡢ⿕⅏ྐࡣࠊ⌧ᅾࡢᑎ♫ࡢ⨨ࢆ⾲ࡍᆅ ᅗୖ㖄┤࣏࣮ࣝࢆ❧࡚ࠊ࣏࣮ࣝࡢ㛗ࡉ࡛ᘓ❧ ࡽࡢᖺ᭶ࢆ⾲ࡋࡓࠋ࣏࣮ࣝࡢୖ➃ࡀᘓ❧ࡉࢀࡓᮇ ࢆ⾲ࡋࠊୗ➃ࡀ⌧ᅾᑐᛂࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᑎ♫ࡢ ⿕⅏ࡢṔྐࡣࠊ࣏࣮ࣝࡢⰍࢆ࠸ศࡅࡿࡇࡼࡗ ࡚⾲⌧ࡋࠊ⿕⅏ࡢ⛬ᗘࡣⰍࡢ⃰ࡉ࡛♧ࡋࡓࠋ ྛᑎ♫ࡢ⿕⅏ཎᅉࡣⅆ⅏ࡢሙྜࠊࡑࡢࡢሙྜ (Ỉᐖࡸᒣ⭡ᔂቯ࡞)༊ูࡋࡓࠋ⿕⅏ࡢ⛬ᗘࡣ୕ẁ 㝵࡛♧ࡋࠊᘓ㐀≀ࡶࡋࡃࡣᘓ㐀≀⩌ࡢ0㹼1/3 ࡀ⿕⅏ ࡋ࡚࠾ࢀࡤᑠ◚ࠊ1/3㹼2/3 ࡛࠶ࢀࡤ୰◚ࠊ2/3㹼1 ࡛ ࠶ࢀࡤ◚ࡋࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊ㈨ᩱࡢ⾲⌧ࡀࠕ↝ኻࡍࡿࠋࠖ ࡞ࠊᘓ㐀≀ࡢ⿕⅏ࡢ⛬ᗘࡀุู࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ሙྜࡣ ࡚୰◚ศ㢮ࡋࡓࠋ ࡇࢀࡼࡾࠊᑎ♫ࡢ⿕⅏ྐࢆ2 ḟඖ GIS ࡋ࡚⾲ ࡋࠊࡇࢀ㛫㍈ࢆ⤌ࡳ㎸ࢇࡔ3 ḟඖࡢ࣒࣮ࣅ࣮ −94−3 ㉥ ⅆ⅏ࡀཎᅉ࡛⿕⅏ 㟷 ⅆ⅏௨እࡀཎᅉ࡛⿕⅏ 㯤⥳ ᅇ࣭ᘓ࣭⌧≧⥔ᣢ 㯮 ᗫᑎ ⾲3 ⿕⅏ཎᅉࡢⰍࡢ༊ู ࡋ࡚⾲⌧ࡋࡓࠋ⿕⅏ཎᅉࡢⰍࡢ༊ูࡣ⾲3 ࡢ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊ 㟷Ⰽ࡛ᅖࡗࡓ⥺ࡣࠊᙜࡢᒃఫᆅ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ
㸲㸬࣒࣮ࣅ࣮ࡢᶵ⬟
ࡇࡢ࣒࣮ࣅ࣮ࡣࠊி㒔ࡢᩥ㈈ࡢ⿕⅏ྐ(࣏࣮ࣝ)ᕷ⾤ᆅࢆࠊⰍࠎ࡞ゅᗘࡽ═ࡵࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ ࣮࣮࢟࣎ࢻධຊࡼࡾࢡࢩࣙࣥࢆ㉳ࡇࡏࡿࡼ࠺ࡋࡓࠋ௨ୗ࣒࣮ࣅ࣮ࡢᶵ⬟ࢆࡲࡵࡓ(⾲ 4 ཧ↷)ࠋ ࡇࡢ⤖ᯝࠊ࣮࣮࢟࣎ࢻࡢ᧯సࡼࡾࠊᆅᅗࡀୖୗࡋࠊࡑࡢᆅᅗୖྛ௦ࡈࡢᕷ⾤ᆅࡀ♧ࡉࢀࠊᑎ♫ࡢ ⨨㛵ಀࡀᐜ᫆ᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ㸳㸬⪃ᐹ
ᕷ⾤ᆅࡢኚ ᕷ⾤ᆅࡢኚ㑄ࡸᑎ♫ࡢ⿕⅏ྐࢆ⾲ࡍ2 ḟඖ GIS ࢆࠊ࠶ࡽࡺࡿ࣓࢝ࣛどⅬࡽぢࡿࡇࢆྍ⬟ࡋࡓࠋ࣓࢝ࣛど ⅬࡢỈᖹ᪉ྥࡢ⛣ືࡣ5 ᗘ࠾ࡁษࡾ᭰࠼ࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋᕷ⾤ᆅ࣐ࢵࣉࢆୖୗ⛣ືࡍࡿࡼ࠺ࡋࠊᕷ⾤ᆅኚ㑄 ࢆື⏬ࡢࡼ࠺ぢࡿࡇࢆྍ⬟ࡋࡓࠋࡇ࠺ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࠊ࠸᭱㏆ࡢ100 ᖺ㛫ᕷ⾤ᆅࡀᛴ⃭ᣑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ ࡀㄞࡳྲྀࢀࡿࠋ ࡑࡋ࡚ࠊከࡃࡢᑎ♫ࡀᕷ⾤ᆅ(=ྍ⇞≀)ࡢ୰Ⅼᅾࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ≧ែ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀゝ࠼ࠊᆅ㟈ⅆ⅏ᘏ↝ࡼࡾᑎ♫ࡀ ↝ኻ࣭⿕⅏ࡋ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ྍ⬟ᛶࡀഹ100 ᖺ๓ẚ㍑ࡋ࡚᱁ẁ㧗ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡿ(ᅗ 2 ᅗ 3 ࢆẚ㍑)ࠋ ᅗ2 1900 ᖺ㡭ࡢ≧ែ ᅗ3 2000 ᖺ㡭ࡢ≧ែ ⾲4 ࣒࣮ࣅ࣮ࡢᶵ⬟;
Ỉᖹ᪉ྥどⅬࢆ⛣ື6
ࢬ࣮࣒ࣥ<
㖄┤᪉ྥどⅬࢆ⛣ື5
ึᮇ≧ែࣜࢭࢵࢺ8
ᕷ⾤ᆅ࣐ࢵࣉࢆୖ⛣ື/
༡᪉ྥὀ┠Ⅼࢆ⛣ື'
ᕷ⾤ᆅ࣐ࢵࣉࢆୗ⛣ື0
ᮾす᪉ྥὀ┠Ⅼࢆ⛣ື3
ᕷ⾤ᆅ࣐ࢵࣉࡢ⛣ື㏿ᗘࡢኚ᭦4
⤊ X, Y, P, S, L, M ࣮࢟ࡣࠊShift ࣮࢟ྠධຊࡍࡿࡇ࡛ᑐࡢືసࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ −95−4
