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(1)

Ϫ㸬Ᏹᐂ≀⌮Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ

ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡢព⩏࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウ

☾㒊 ὒ᫂ͤ

A study on the significance of the space exploration by

Hiroaki Isobe(Kyoto University)

Abstract: In this paper we discuss the significance of the space exploration of humankind from viewpoints of humanities and social sciences. After briefly describing the practical problems expected in near future, we discuss what the space sciences and space explorations bring us in a long perspective.

Keywords: Ᏹᐂ᥈ᰝ, Ᏹᐂ฼⏝, Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ, ே㢮Ꮫ, ே㛫ᩥ໬, ᩥ໬ⓗከᵝᛶ, ဴᏛ,

⚄ヰ, ⛣Ẹ, ᕼᮃ

ᴫせ

ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡢព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪㛗ᮇⓗ࡞どⅬ࡛ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬

ࡲࡎၥ㢟ࢆᏱᐂ㐍ฟ࡟కࡗ࡚⏕ࡌࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿᐇ㝿ⓗၥ㢟ࢆ⡆༢࡟㏙࡭ࡓᚋ㸪 ࡑࡶࡑࡶே

㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡢ࠿㸪Ᏹᐂࢆ▱ࡾ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡬㐍ฟࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀே㢮࡟ఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿࡜

࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍᕼᮃ㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡢᚲ↛ᛶ࡜㐣ཤࡢ⛣ẸࡢṔྐ㸪⚄ヰ

࡜᐀ᩍ㸪ே㛫ࡢᛮ⪃࡜Ᏹᐂ㸪ᩥ໬ⓗከᵝᛶ࡞࡝ࢆ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ࡟᳨ウࢆ⾜࠺㸬

ͤ ி㒔኱ᏛᏱᐂ⥲ྜᏛ◊✲ࣘࢽࢵࢺ ≉ᐃㅮᖌ

(2)

㸯㸬 ࡣࡌࡵ࡟

ே㢮ࡀ⮬ࡽసࡗࡓ≀యࢆึࡵ࡚Ᏹᐂ࡬ᡴࡕୖࡆ࡚࠿ࡽࡲࡔ༙ୡ⣖వࡾࡋ࠿⤒ࡗ࡚࠸࡞࠸

ࡀ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡜ே㛫ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࡢṔྐࡣ㛗࠸㸬᭷ྐ௨๓㸪ᜍࡽࡃࡣ⌧ୡே㢮࡜࡞ࡿ๓ࡢẁ㝵࠿ࡽ㸪

ࣄࢺࡢ♽ඛࡣᏱᐂࢆぢୖࡆ࡚ఱ஦࠿ࢆ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡓ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬ࡶࡋᆅ⌫࡟᭶ࡀ↓ࡃ㸪✵ࡀ㞼࡟

そࢃࢀ࡚࠸࡚㸪ኳయࡢ㐠⾜ࡸ᪥㣗࡞࡝ࡢኳᩥ࢖࣋ࣥࢺࡀᆅୖ࠿ࡽぢ࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ࡋࡓࡽ㸪ே

㢮ࡢୡ⏺࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄆ㆑ࡣࡎ࠸ࡪࢇ㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓ࠿㸪ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ㐍Ṍࡀ㐜࠿ࡗࡓ࡜ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬 ࡑࡋ࡚௒ࡸᆅ⌫࿘ᅇ㌶㐨ୖࡢᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ࡟ࡣᖖ࡟ே㛫ࡀᅾࡋ㸪ほග┠ⓗ࡟ࡼ

ࡿᏱᐂ᪑⾜ࡶᐇ⌧ࡋࡼ࠺࡜࠸࠺᫬௦࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ᏹᐂ࡬ฟ࡚ࡺࡃ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ே㛫ࡢ㸪ࡉࡽ࡟

ࡣᆅ⌫ୖࡢ⏕࿨ࡢ㛗࠸Ṕྐࡢ୰࡛ࡶ᭱኱⣭ࡢฟ᮶஦࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㛫㐪࠸࡞ࡃ㸪㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ࡣே

㛫࡜♫఍࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ィࡾ▱ࢀ࡞࠸ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬ࡑࢀ࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎ㸪⛉Ꮫࡢ⣽ศ໬ࡀ㐍

ࢇ࡛ࡋࡲࡗࡓ⌧ᅾ㸪ࠕᏱᐂࠖࡢ◊✲ࡣᡤㅝ⌮ᕤ⣔࡟࡯ࡰ㛢ࡌࡓࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸㸪↓ㄽඃ

ࢀࡓ౛እࡣᑡ࡞࠿ࡽࡎ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡢ㸪ே㛫࡜♫఍ࢆࡑࡢᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡣᴫࡋ

࡚⦕㐲࠸ࡶࡢ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

୍᪉࡛Ᏹᐂ࡟㝈ࡽࡎ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡࡜♫఍ࡢ㛵ಀࡣ」㞧ࡉࢆቑࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ኱ࡁ࡞ண⟬ࢆ౑࠺Ᏹᐂ 㛵ಀࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡣᙜ↛ࡑࡢព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚♫఍࡬ࡢㄝ᫂㈐௵ࢆồࡵࡽࢀࡿࡀ㸪ከࡃࡢᇶ♏⛉

Ꮫ࡜ྠᵝ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࢀ௨ୖ࡟㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫࡣ▷ᮇⓗ㸪⤒῭ⓗ࡞࣓ࣜࢵࢺࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡍࡇ࡜ࡀᅔ 㞴࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀከ࠸㸬ࡲࡓᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣᡓத௨እ࡛᭱኱ࡢᅜ㝿༠ྠࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ

࡜ࡋ࡚㇟ᚩⓗ࡞ព⩏ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢ㈝⏝ᑐຠᯝ㸦እ஺࣭⛉Ꮫ࣭฼⏝㸧࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣཝࡋ࠸┠ࡀ

ྥࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

1

㸬ࡉࡽ࡟᪥ᮏ⊂⮬ࡢ᭷ேᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨࡢ᫝㠀࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪㈝⏝ᑐຠᯝࡔࡅ࡛࡞

ࡃ㸪ே࿨ࣜࢫࢡࢆ࡝ࡇࡲ࡛㈇࠼ࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸ࡗࡓ೔⌮ⓗၥ㢟ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬

⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡♫఍ㄽࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽ㸪ᑠᯘബྖࡣ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣゎỴ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ᨻ἞࡜ࡢ஺㘒㡿ᇦ ࠕࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣭ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࠖࡀᗈࡀࡿ⌧௦࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪⌮ᕤ⣔̾̾௒ࡢሙྜࡣᏱᐂ⌮ᕤᏛ̾̾ࡢ◊✲

⪅࡜ᕷẸࡢᑐヰ࡟ຍ࠼㸪ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫࡢ◊✲⪅࡜ࡢᑐヰ࡜༠ྠࡢ㔜せᛶࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

2

㸬 ᑠᯘࡢ୺࡞ၥ㢟ព㆑ࡣ㸪⏕࿨ᢏ⾡ࡸ⎔ቃၥ㢟࡞࡝࡟క࠺㸪⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡀ⟅࠼ࡽࢀ࡞࠸⌧௦ⓗ࡞

ၥ㢟࡟࡝࠺ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡴ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟࠶ࡿࡼ࠺ࡔࡀ㸪Ᏹᐂࡢ┿⌮ࢆ᥈ồࡍࡿே㢮ࡢႠࡳ࡜ே㢮ࡢ Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ே㢮࡟࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼㸪௒ᚋ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ࡜ண᝿ࡉ

ࢀࡿ࠿ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀ⮬యࡀᏛ⾡ⓗ࡟⯆࿡῝࠸஦᯶࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬

➹⪅ࡀᡤᒓࡍࡿி㒔኱ᏛᏱᐂ⥲ྜᏛ◊✲ࣘࢽࢵࢺ㸦௨ୗᏱᐂࣘࢽࢵࢺ㸧ࡣ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ศ㔝ࡢ

◊✲⪅ࡀ㞟ࡲࡿ⥲ྜ኱Ꮫࡢ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࢆά࠿ࡋ㸪 ᪤ᏑࡢᏛၥศ㔝ࢆᶓ᩿ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞Ᏹᐂ࡟㛵ࡍ

ࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸Ꮫၥࡢ㛤ᣅࢆ࣑ࢵࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚ 2008 ᖺ࡟࡛ࡁࡓ⤌⧊࡛࠶ࡿ㸬≉࡟ேᩥ♫఍⣔ࡢᏛ ၥ࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡜⼥ྜࢆ㔜どࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪2009 ᖺ࠿ࡽࡣࠕே㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡢ࠿ࠖ࡜㢟 ࡋࡓࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࢆࢩ࣮ࣜࢬ࡛㛤ദࡋ࡚㸪⌮ᕤ⣔ࡢᏱᐂ◊✲⪅࡜ඹ࡟㸪ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫࡢ◊

✲⪅㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣ࣐ࣥ࢞ࡸⱁ⾡ศ㔝ࡢ᪉ࠎࢆ࠾ᣍࡁࡋ࡚㸪ࠕᏱᐂࠖࢆඹ㏻ࡢ࣮࣮࢟࣡ࢻ࡟ᵝࠎ

࡞ၥ㢟ࢆከゅⓗ࡟㆟ㄽࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ

3

㸬ࡲࡓ 2011 ᖺ 6 ᭶࡟㛤ദࡉࢀࡓ➨ 28 ᅇ ISTS

㸦International Symposium on Space Technology and Science: Ᏹᐂᢏ⾡࠾ࡼࡧ⛉Ꮫࡢᅜ

㝿ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘㸧࡟ྜࢃࡏ㸪ࠕᏱᐂ᫬௦ࡢே㛫࣭♫఍࣭ᩥ໬ࠖࢆ㛤ദ㸦JAXA ୺ദ㸪Ᏹᐂࣘ

(3)

ࢽࢵࢺඹദ㸧ࡋ㸪ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬㐍ฟࡍࡿ᫬௦ࡢᩥ໬ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡞࡝ࢆ㆟ㄽࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

4

㸬࡞࠾Ᏹ ᐂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪2002 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 2008 ᖺ࡟࠿ࡅ࡚㸪 ࠕᏱᐂၥ㢟࡬ࡢே

ᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ㸦௦⾲㸸ᮌୗ෠㞝㸧ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ඹྠ◊✲ࡀᅜ㝿㧗➼◊✲ᡤ࡜ JAXA ࡢ㛫࡛⾜ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

5

ࡇࡢㄽᩥࡢ┠ⓗࡣ㸪ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡢព⩏ࢆ▷ᮇⓗ࡞࣓ࣜࢵࢺ㸪ࢹ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪 ࠕே㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡢ࠿ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ဴᏛⓗ࡞ၥ࠸ࡲ࡛ྵࡵ࡚ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽ

᳨ウࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬➹⪅ࡣኴ㝧≀⌮Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ≀⌮Ꮫࢆᑓ㛛࡜ࡍࡿᡤㅝ⌮Ꮫ⣔ࡢ◊✲⪅࡛࠶

ࡾ㸪ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫࡢᑓ㛛ⓗ࡞カ⦎ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ୖ㏙ࡢࠕே㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡬

⾜ࡃࡢ࠿ࠖࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘௻⏬࡞࡝㸪Ᏹᐂࣘࢽࢵࢺ࡟࠾ࡅࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ⣔ศ㔝ࡢ㛤ᣅࢆ୺

࡟ᢸࡗ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬ᮏㄽᩥ࡛ࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢᡂᯝࢆࡩࡲ࠼ࡘࡘ㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ࡟ᦠࢃࡿᙜ஦⪅ࡢ❧ሙ࠿ࡽ

ၥ㢟ព㆑ࢆ㏙࡭㸪Ᏹᐂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫศ㔝ࡢᏛ⾡ⓗ◊✲ࡢ➃⥴࡜ࡋࡓ࠸㸬

ᮏㄽ࡟ධࡿ๓࡟⡆༢࡟ゝⴥࡢᩚ⌮ࢆࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ㸬᪥ᮏㄒ࡛ࠕᏱᐂࠖ࡜ゝ࠺᫬㸪ே㛫ࡀ฼⏝ࡋ ᚓࡿ✵㛫࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᏱᐂ㸪༶ࡕࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ(space)࡜㸪ࡇࡢୡ⏺඲య࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᏱᐂ㸪༶ࡕࣘࢽࣂ

࣮ࢫ(universe)ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ࡜⌧ᅾࡢே㢮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ࡜࿧ࡧ࠺ࡿࡢࡣኴ㝧⣔ෆࡔ

࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬㐲࠸ᑗ᮶࡟ࡇࡢ⠊ᅖࡀࡉࡽ࡟ᣑ኱ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓࡿ㸬

ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫࡀᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿே㛫ࡸ♫఍࡜Ᏹᐂࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟ࡣ㸪ኳᩥᏛ࡟௦⾲ࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞㸪 Ᏹᐂ㸦ࣘࢽࣂ࣮ࢫ㸧ࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆ⌮ゎࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ⣧⢋࡟▱ⓗ࡞άື࡜㸪Ᏹ ᐂ㸦ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫ㸧ࢆ฼⏝㸪ཪࡣᑗ᮶ⓗ࡞฼⏝ࡢࡓࡵ࡟᥈ᰝ㸪㛤Ⓨࡍࡿάືࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᆅ⌫ᝨᫍ⛉

Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ✵㛫≀⌮Ꮫࡸኴ㝧⣔᥈ᰝ࡞࡝୧᪉ࡢഃ㠃ࢆᣢࡗࡓࡶࡢࡣᖖ࡟࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ๓⪅

࡟㏆࠸άືࢆᏱᐂ⛉Ꮫ㸪ᚋ⪅࡟㏆࠸άືࢆᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝࡜࿧ࡪ㸬Ᏹᐂ⛉ᏛࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶᏱᐂ✵

㛫ࢆ฼⏝ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡟㝈ࡽࡎ㸪ᆅୖᮃ㐲㙾ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓኳᩥᏛ࡞࡝ᗈ࠸ព࿡࡛ࡢᏱᐂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⛉Ꮫ

඲⯡ࢆᣦࡍ㸬ࡲࡓᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝ࡣ≉࡟᩿ࡽ࡞࠸㝈ࡾ᭷ே࡜↓ேࡢ୧᪉ࢆྵࡴ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍 ฟ࡜ゝ࠺ሙྜࡣ㸪ே㢮ࡀ⮬ࡽࡢάືࡢᑐ㇟࡜ࡍࡿ⠊ᅖࢆᏱᐂ✵㛫ࡸ௚ࡢኳయ࡟ᗈࡆ࡚ࡺࡃႠ

ࡳ඲⯡ࢆᣦࡍ㸬

ḟ❶௨㝆࡛ࡣ㸪ࡲࡎே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟ࡟క࠺ᐇ㝿ⓗၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚⡆༢࡟ゐࢀࡓᚋ㸪ே㢮ࡣ࡞

ࡐᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡢ࠿㸪ࡑࡋ࡚Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡣே㢮࡟ఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡃࡘ࠿

ࡢゅᗘ࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬

(4)

㸰㸬ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟ࡟క࠺ᐇ㝿ⓗၥ㢟

ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬㐍ฟࡍࡿ㝿࡟⏕ࡌࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫⓗၥ㢟࡟ࡣ㸪࠸ࡃࡘ࠿ࡢ᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡀ

࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡎ▷ᮇⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪⌧ᅾ࠿ࡽ௒ᚋ 10̾̾20 ᖺ⛬ᗘࡢᏱᐂᨻ⟇ࡢ᪉㔪ࢆỴࡵࡿࡓࡵ࡟᳨ウ ࡉࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ㅖၥ㢟㸪༶ࡕᏱᐂᨻ⟇㸪Ᏹᐂἲ㸪Ᏹᐂ⏘ᴗ᣺⯆࡞࡝ࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡽࡢ 㔜せ࠿ࡘႚ⥭ࡢㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᑓ㛛᭩➼ࡶฟ࡚࠾ࡾ

6,7

㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣࡇࢀ௨ୖ❧ࡕධࡽ࡞࠸㸬

୰㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ࡣ㸪ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡀ㐍ࡳ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞ே࣭ᅋయࡀᵝࠎ࡞┠ⓗ࡛Ᏹᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡼ࠺࡟

࡞ࡿ᫬௦࡟࠸࠿࡟ഛ࠼ࡿ࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟ࡀ⏕ࡌࡿ㸬⌧ᅾࡢ࡜ࡇࢁᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡅࡿࡢࡣカ⦎ࡉࢀ

ࡓᏱᐂ㣕⾜ኈ࡟࡯ࡰ㝈ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪Ẹ㛫࡟ࡼࡿほග┠ⓗࡢᏱᐂ㣕⾜ࡀᐇ⌧㛫㏆࡜࠸࠺࡜

ࡇࢁࡲ࡛᮶࡚࠾ࡾ㸪᫬ᮇ࡜⛬ᗘࡢ୙☜ᐃᛶࡣ኱ࡁ࠸࡜ࡣ࠸࠼㸪Ᏹᐂࡀ࠸ࡎࢀ୍⯡ࡢே࡛ࡶ⾜

ࡅࡿሙᡤ࡟࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ㧗࠸㸬ࡑ࠺ࡍࢀࡤከᵝ࡞ືᶵ࡜ᩥ໬ⓗ⫼ᬒࢆᣢࡗࡓேࠎ࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ୍

✀ࡢ♫఍ࡀᙧᡂࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬ࡲࡓ㸪Ẹ㛫୺ᑟࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨࡀ㐍ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ⌧≧ࢆぢ

ࢀࡤ㸪ᑠつᶍ࡞ᅋయࡸಶேࡀᅜᐙ࡟ࡼࡿ኱つᶍࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡜ࡣ⊂❧࡟Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࢆ㐍ࡵ㸪⊂

⮬ࡢάືࢆጞࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡾᚓࡿ㸬≢⨥㸪ᩥ໬ᦶ᧿㸪⤒῭᱁ᕪ㸪ࡇࡇࢁࡢ⑓࡞࡝㸪⌧௦♫఍

ࡀᢪ࠼ࡿ࠶ࡽࡺࡿၥ㢟ࡀᙧࢆ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘኚ࠼࡚⌧ࢀࡿࡔࢁ࠺ࡋ㸪Ᏹᐂ≉᭷ࡢ᪂ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟ࡀⓎ⏕

ࡍࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬

ࠕᏱᐂၥ㢟࡬ࡢேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳ࡛ࠖྲྀࡾୖࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿၥ㢟ࡶከࡃࡣࡇ ࡢ࢝ࢸࢦࣜ࡟ධࡿ

5

㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡸ⏘ᴗ᣺⯆㸪ᅜ┈ࡢ☜ಖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ▷ᮇⓗ࡟ࡶ㔜 せ࡞ၥ㢟ࡢ௚࡟㸪ᆅ⌫࠿ࡽ㞳ࢀࡓࡾᚤᑠ㔜ຊ࡟ࡼࡾୖୗ➼ࡢᇶ‽⣔ࡀኻࢃࢀࡓࡾࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟

㉳ᅉࡍࡿಶேࡢព㆑࣭౯್ほࡢኚ໬ࡸ㸪᐀ᩍ࣭ಙ௮࡬ࡢ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺ㸪ᅜᐙ࣭Ẹ᪘ព㆑ࡢᕼⷧ

໬ࡸࢥࢫ࣏ࣔࣜࢱࢽࢬ࣒➼ࡢᛮ᝿ࡢኚ໬㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ⱁ⾡ࡢ㛤ⰼ࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪 ᚤᑠ㔜ຊࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪᪥↷ࢧ࢖ࢡࣝࡢኚືࡸᏱᐂᨺᑕ⥺㸪ᑡேᩘ࡛㛢㙐⎔ቃ࡟⨨࠿ࢀࡿࡇ࡜㸪

␗ᩥ໬⎔ቃ࡞࡝ࡢ⏕⌮ⓗ㸪ᚰ⌮ⓗ࡞ᙳ㡪࡟㛵ࡍࡿグ㏙ࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬ᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡣ㸪ே

ࡀᏱᐂ✵㛫࡟㛗ᮇᅾࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡢᙳ㡪ࢆㄪ࡭ࡽࢀࡿ㈗㔜࡞ᶵ఍࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⏕⌮Ꮫⓗ࡞ഃ㠃ࡔࡅ

࡛࡞ࡃ㸪カ⦎ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸࡞࠸ேࡀᏱᐂ࡬ฟ࡚ࡺࡃ᫬௦࡟ഛ࠼ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡶ㸪ᚰ⌮Ꮫࡸ

♫఍Ꮫ࡞࡝ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞ഃ㠃࠿ࡽࡢࢹ࣮ࢱྲྀᚓ࡜ࡉࡽ࡞ࡿ◊✲ࡀ௒ᚋᮃࡲࢀࡿ㸬 Ᏹᐂᨻ⟇ࡸᏱᐂࡢ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࢆỴࡵࡿ㝿ࡢつ⠊࡜࡞ࡿ࡭ࡁ೔⌮ⓗㄢ㢟࡟ࡘ࠸࡚

ࡣ㸪ᅜ㝿㐃ྜᩍ⫱⛉Ꮫᩥ໬ᶵ㛵(UNESCO)ࡢࠕ⛉Ꮫ▱㆑࡜ᢏ⾡ࡢ೔⌮࡟㛵ࡍࡿୡ⏺ጤဨ఍

(World Commission on the Ethics of Scientific Knowledge and Technology; COMEST)ࠖ

ࡢሗ࿌᭩ࠕᏱᐂᨻ⟇ࡢ೔⌮ (The Ethics of Space Policy)ࠖ

8

࡛ࡲ࡜ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ ࠕᏱᐂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿே㢮ࡢᙺ๭ࠖ ࠕᆅ⌫࡜Ᏹᐂ✵㛫ࡢࣜࣥࢡࢆ࡝࠺⤌⧊ࡍࡿ࠿ࠖ ࠕᏱᐂ⛉Ꮫ࣭ᢏ⾡

ࡢඃඛ㡰఩ࢆ♫఍ࡢ࡝ࡢ┠ⓗ࡟ᇶ࡙࠸࡚ㄡࡀỴࡵࡿࡢ࠿ࠖ ࠕᏱᐂᢏ⾡࡟క࠺ࣜࢫࢡࢆ࡝࠺Ẹ

୺ⓗ࡟ᐃ⩏ࡋ㸪࡝ࡢࣜࢫࢡࢆཷᐜྍ⬟࡜ࡍࡿ࠿ࠖࠕ⌧ᅾཬࡧᑗ᮶ࡢୡ௦ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ಶே࡜㞟ᅋ ࡀ㈇࠺࡭ࡁ㈐௵ࠖ࡞࡝ࡀᣲࡆࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᝨᫍ᥈ᰝ࡟క࠺⎔ቃởᰁࡸᏱᐂ⏕≀Ꮫ࡟㛵ࢃࡿၥ 㢟㸪Ᏹᐂ೔⌮ᏛࡢṔྐ࡞࡝ࡲ࡛ྵࡵࡓໟᣓⓗ࡞ⴭస࡟ࡣ Arnould

9

ࡽࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬

೔⌮ⓗㄢ㢟ࡣᅜࡸᩥ໬ࡈ࡜࡟≉᭷ࡢせ⣲ࡀከࡃ㸪≉࡟ᨻ⟇Ỵᐃ࡟࠿࠿ࡿ೔⌮ⓗ࣭♫఍ⓗㄢ

㢟ࡣ㸪ࢫ࣏ࣥࢧ࣮࡛࠶ࡿᅜẸ࡜⛉Ꮫ⪅㸪฼ᐖ㛵ಀ⪅㸪ᨻ⟇❧᱌⪅ࢆ஺࠼ࡓᑐヰࡢ୰࡛⇍㆟ࡉ

(5)

ࢀ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸬㸦⛉Ꮫࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩ୍ࣙࣥ⯡࡟ゝ࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࡀ㸧ࡇࡇ࡛ゝ࠺ᑐヰ࡜

ࡣ㸪୍᪉ⓗ࡞ᗈሗࡸ᪤࡟ᅛࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿᨻ⟇࡬ࡢᨭᣢࡸཷᐜࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ

ࡎ㸪ᨻ⟇ᙧᡂ࡟࠶ࡓࡗ࡚ㄢ㢟࣭ᮇᚅ࣭୙Ᏻࢆ᥀ࡾୗࡆࡿ࡭ࡃ㸪ᕷẸࡢどⅬࡸከᵝ࡞どⅬࢆ⋓

ᚓࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᑐヰࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⪃࠼ࡀኚࢃࡾ࠺ࡿࡼ࠺࡞ᶵ఍ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡶࡢࡀᮃࡲࡋ࠸ࡀ㸪 ṧᛕ࡞ࡀࡽ⌧≧ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᑐヰࡀ༑ศ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼࡞࠸

2,10

㸬JAXA ࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ 㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝ࢆ᥎㐍ࡍࡿ❧ሙ࡜ᕷẸࡢ஧⪅㛫ࡢᑐヰ࡛ࡣ㸪࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶࠕᗈሗࡸ᪤࡟ᅛࡲࡗ࡚࠸

ࡿᨻ⟇࡬ࡢᨭᣢࡸཷᐜࢆ┠ⓗ࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢࠖ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡸࡍ࠸㸬ࡼࡾ⊂❧ࡋࡓ❧ሙࡢ኱Ꮫ

࡟ࡣ㸪೔⌮ⓗၥ㢟ࡢ◊✲ࡸᕷẸ࡜ࡢᑐヰࡢࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢺࢆᢸࡗ࡚ࡺࡃ㈐௵ࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬 ▷ᮇⓗ࡞ᨻ⟇ࢆỴᐃࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡶ㸪୰㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ࣅࢪࣙࣥࡣᣢࡓࡡࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸬௒ᚋ 10 ᖺࡢ ィ⏬ࢆ❧࡚ࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ 20 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 30 ᖺඛࡢᮍ᮶࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘࡢぢ㏻ࡋࢆ❧࡚

ࡡࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ 50 ᖺ࠿ࡽ 100 ᖺ௨ୖඛࡢᮍ᮶࡟ே㢮♫఍඲యࡀ࡝࠺࠸࠺᪉ྥ࡬ྥ

࠿࠺ࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺࡢ୰࡛⪃࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 100 ᖺ๓࡜⌧ᅾࡢ㐪࠸ࢆ⪃࠼ࢀ

ࡤ㸪 100 ᖺ௨ୖࡢᮍ᮶࡬ࡢぢ㏻ࡋࢆ❧࡚ࡿࡇ࡜࡞࡝୙ྍ⬟࡞ࡇ࡜ࡢࡼ࠺࡟ࡶᛮ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪ᑡ࡞

ࡃ࡜ࡶ኱య࡝࠺࠸࠺᪉ྥ࡟♫఍ࢆᣢࡗ࡚⾜ࡁࡓ࠸࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺ࣅࢪࣙࣥࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁࡿࡋ㸪 ࡑࢀ↓ࡋ࡟ࡣ▷ᮇⓗ࡞ᨻ⟇ࡶሙᙜࡓࡾⓗ࡟ࡋ࠿Ỵࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬ࡑࡇ࡛௨ୗࡢ❶࡛ࡣ㸪

ࡼࡾ㛗ᮇⓗ࡞どⅬ࡛㸪Ᏹᐂ࡜ே㢮ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡜Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡢព⩏࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᳨ウ࡟⛣ࡿ㸬

(6)

㸱㸬ே㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡢ࠿

㸦㸯㸧ክ㸽ᕼᮃ㸽

ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡣࡋࡤࡋࡤࠕክࠖࡸࠕᕼᮃࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓゝⴥ࡛ㄒࡽࢀࡿ㸬ᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩ

ࣙࣥࡢ᪥ᮏᐇ㦂Ჷࡢྡ⛠ࡀࠕࡁࡰ࠺࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿࡢࡣ㸦ࠕࡦ࠿ࡾࠖࡼࡾ㏿࠸᪂ᖿ⥺ࡀࠕࡢࡒࡳࠖ

࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ྜࢃࡏ࡚㸧㇟ᚩⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᐇ㝿࡟Ᏹᐂᇶᮏἲ࡛ࡶ➨஬᮲࡟ࠕᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝ࡣ㸪 Ᏹᐂ࡟ಀࡿ▱㆑ࡢ㞟✚ࡀே㢮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢ▱ⓗ㈨⏘࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜࡟࠿ࢇࡀࡳ㸪ඛ➃ⓗ࡞Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ

฼⏝ࡢ᥎㐍ཬࡧᏱᐂ⛉Ꮫࡢ᣺⯆➼࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ࡬ࡢክࡢᐇ⌧ཬࡧே㢮♫఍ࡢⓎᒎ࡟㈨ ࡍࡿࡼ࠺⾜ࢃࢀ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ࡜ᐃࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ࠕክࡢᐇ⌧ࠖࡣᅜࡀᐃࡵࡓᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ

฼⏝ࡢ┠ⓗࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

☜࠿࡟Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝㸪≉࡟ேࡀᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡇ࡜࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ࢥࢫࢺ㸪ࣜࢫࢡ㸪࣋ࢿࣇ࢕

ࢵࢺࢆィ⟬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠕࡸࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿ྰ࠿ࠖࢆ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㒊ศࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ክࡸᕼᮃࡸࣃ࢖࢜

ࢽ࢔⢭⚄࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㸪ຌ฼୺⩏ࢆ㉸࠼ࡿ౯್ࡀ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿ

10

㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋክࡸᕼᮃ࡜࠸࠺

ゝⴥࡣ㡪ࡁࡣ࠸࠸ࡶࡢࡢ㸪ࡑࡢព࿡ࡍࡿ࡜ࡇࢁࡸᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡿ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡀ᭕᫕࡛㸪⌧

ᅾ࡛ࡣࡑࢀࡔࡅࢆ⌮⏤࡟ከ㢠ࡢ㈈ᨻᨭฟࢆక࠺ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࢆṇᙜ໬ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㠀ᖖ࡟ᅔ 㞴࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ᏹᐂᨻ⟇㸪ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞ࡢ◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡿ㕥ᮌ୍ேࡢゝⴥࢆ೉ࡾࢀࡤࠕே㢮ࡀึࡵ࡚Ᏹ ᐂ࡟㣕ࡧฟࡋ࡚࠿ࡽ 50 ᖺࡓࡗࡓ௒᪥㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡢᅾࡾ᪉ࡶ㸪ࡑࢁࡑࢁኚࢃࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࠸ࡅ

࡞࠸᫬ᮇ࡟᮶࡚࠸ࡿࠖ

7

ࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡼࡾຌ฼୺⩏ⓗ࡛⌧ᐇⓗ࡞ᡓ␎ࡢඖ࡟Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝ࢆ

㐍ࡵࡿࡢࡣᙜ↛ࡢὶࢀࡔࢁ࠺㸬

ࡑ࠺ࡣゝࡗ࡚ࡶ㸪ክ㸪ᕼᮃ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡣ౫↛࡜ࡋ࡚Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝ࡢሙ࡟ṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡋ㸪௒

ࡢᡤᾘ࠼࡚ࡋࡲ࠸ࡑ࠺࡞ᵝᏊࡶ࡞࠸㸬 㸦ࠕࣃ࢖࢜ࢽ࢔⢭⚄ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࡣ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ⓗ࠿ࡣ࡜ࡶ

࠿ࡃ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡑࢀ࡯࡝ᙉ࠸ຊࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼࡞࠸㸬 㸧㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ぢ࡚ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬ฟ࡚

ࡺࡃ࡜࠸࠺㑅ᢥࢆྲྀࡿ࠿࡝࠺࠿ࡣ㸪 ⌧ᐇࡢ≧ἣ࡟ྜࢃࡏࡓ⊃࠸ព࿡࡛ࡢຌ฼୺⩏ⓗ࡞᳨ウࡔ ࡅ࡛ࡣุ᩿࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡢࡔ࠿ࡽ↓⌮ࡶ࡞࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪⌧ᅾᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿ୺యࡣᅜࡢ ᶵ㛵࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᨻ἞ࡀᕼᮃ࡞࡝࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ㐃Ⓨࡍࡿሙྜ࡟ࡣὀពࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ᏹᐂ࡬⾜ࡃ ࡇ࡜ࡢክࡸᕼᮃ࡜ࡣලయⓗ࡟ఱࢆព࿡ࡍࡿࡢ࠿㸬ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃ஦ࡣ㸪⤒῭ࡸᏳ඲ಖ㞀࡞

࡝ࡢ⊃࠸ព࿡࡛ࡢຌ฼୺⩏ࢆ㉸࠼ࡓఱ࠿ࢆே㢮࡟ࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿㸪௨ୗ࡛⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡓ࠸㸬

㸦㸰㸧Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡣᚲ↛࠿

ᐇᏑ୺⩏ࡢே㛫ㄽ࡛࠶ࡿ࣮ࣦ࢛࣮࣎࣡ࣝࡢࠕே㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࠖࡣ㸪࢚ࣆࣟࢫࡢ⋤ࣆࣜࣗ࢘ࢫ

࡜ഃ㏆ࡢ㈼⪅ࢩࢿ࢔ࢫࡢ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᑐヰ࡛ጞࡲࡿ

11

୍᪥㸪ࣆࣜࣗ࢘ࢫࡣ㸪እᚁࡢィ⏬ࢆࡓ࡚࡚㸪ࠕࡲࡎᡭࡣࡌࡵ࡟ࢠࣜࢩ࢔ࢆᚁ᭹ࡋࡼ࠺ࠖ

ゝࢃࢀࡓࡑ࠺࡛ࡍ㸬ࡑࡇ࡛㸪ࢩࢿ࢔ࢫࡀ㸪 ࠕ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢḟ࡟ࡣ㸽ࠖ࡜㸪イࡡࡓ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪 ࠕ࢔

ࣇࣜ࢝ࢆᡭ࡟ධࢀࡼ࠺ࠖ̾̾ࠕ࢔ࣇࣜ࢝ࡢḟ࡟ࡣ㸽ࠖ̾̾ࠕ࢔ࢪ࢔࡟Ώࡗ࡚㸪୰ኸ࢔ࢪ࢔ࢆ㸪

࢔ࣛࣅ࢔ࢆ౵␎ࡋࡼ࠺ࠖ̾̾ࠕ࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢḟ࡟ࡣ㸽ࠖ̾̾ࠕ࢖ࣥࢻࡲ࡛⾜ࡇ࠺ࠖ̾̾ࠕ࢖ࣥࢻࡢ

ḟ࡟ࡣ㸽ࠖ̾̾ࠕ࠶࠶㸟ࠖ࡜㸪ࣆࣜࣗ࢘ࢫࡣჃᜥࢆࡶࡽࡋ࡚㸪 ࠕఇᜥ࠸ࡓࡑ࠺ࠖ̾̾ࠕ࡞ࡐ㸽ࠖ

(7)

࡜㸪ࢩࢿ࢔ࢫࡣゝ࠸ࡲࡋࡓ㸬ࠕ௒ࡍࡄఇᜥ࡞ࡉࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡍ࠿㸽ࠖ

ࢩࢿ࢔ࢫࡣ☜࠿࡟㈼⪅࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ே㛫ࡣ⮬ศࢆ㉸㉺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡢࡳᏑᅾࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺࣎

࣮ࣦ࢛࣮࣡ࣝ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㸪ே㛫ࡢᮏ㉁ࢆࡼࡾయ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡣࣆࣜࣗ࢘ࢫࡢ᪉࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺㸬ே

㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࢆே㛫ࡢṔྐࡢᚲ↛ⓗ࡞ᘏ㛗࡜ࡍࡿ⪃࠼᪉ࡣ㸪ᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡇࡢ࣮ࣦ࢛࣮࣎࣡ࣝࡢ

ே㛫ほ࡜ྠࡌࡶࡢࡢࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬

ᮍ▱࡬ࡢዲወᚰ࡜ࣇࣟࣥࢸ࢕࢔ࡢ㛤ᣅࡣே㛫ࡢᮏ⬟ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࢔ࣇࣜ࢝࡟⏕ࡲ

ࢀ࡚௨᮶ᆅ⌫඲య࡟⏕Ꮡᅪࢆᣑ኱ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓே㢮ࡢṔྐࢆぢࢀࡤ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟࡣ࠸ࢃࡤᚲ↛

࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿゝㄝ㸪ࡲࡓࡣࡑࢀ࡟ఝࡓࣂ࣮ࢪࣙࣥ࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ࣇࣟࣥࢸ࢕࢔ࢆ┠ᣦࡍࠕே㛫ࡢࠖ

ᛶ㉁࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⏕࿨ࡑࡢࡶࡢࡢᛶ㉁࡟Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡢ⌮⏤ࢆᖐ╔ࡉࡏࡿゝㄝࡣࡼࡃぢࡽࢀࡿ㸬౛

࠼ࡤඖᏱᐂ㣕⾜ኈࡢẟ฼⾨ࡣ⏕࿨ࡢ㐍໬ࡢṔྐࢆ᣺ࡾ㏉ࡗ࡚㸪⏕࿨య࡟ࡣ⮬ศࢆኚ࠼㸪㐣㓞

࡛ᮍ▱࡞⎔ቃ࡬ฟ࡚⾜ࡃ࡜࠸࠺ᛶ㉁ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ே㛫ࡀᏱᐂ࡬ฟ࡚࠸ࡇ࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡢࡶ㸪ࡑ ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⏕࿨యࡢᇶᮏⓗᛶ᱁࡟ᇶ࡙࠸ࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ

12

㸬ྠࡌࡼ࠺࡞ព࿡࡛

ᮌୗ෠㞝ࡣ㸪ࠕᏱᐂၥ㢟࡬ࡢேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠖࡢ୰࡛ࠕDNA ࡟ᇙࡵ㎸ࡲ

ࢀࡓዲወᚰࠖ࡜࠸࠺ᙧᐜࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

5

ࡑࢀࡽࡣ஦ᐇࡑ࠺࡞ࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ಶࠎࡢ⏕࿨ࢆࠕ฼ᕫⓗ࡞㑇ఏᏊࠖ࡟ᨭ㓄ࡉ

ࢀ฼⏝ࡉࢀࡿࠕ஌ࡾ≀࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ࡜ᙧᐜࡋࡓ㸦↓ㄽࡇࢀࡣᩥᏐ㏻ࡾࡢព࿡࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⏕࿨ࡢ⾜

ື࣭㐍໬࡜㑇ఏᏊࣞ࣋ࣝࡢ⮬↛Ὲửࡢ㛵ಀࢆ➃ⓗ࡟㏙࡭ࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸧ࣜࢳ࣮ࣕࢻ࣭ࢻ࣮࢟

ࣥࢫࡀ࠸ࡳࡌࡃࡶㄒࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟㸪ࠕࡇࡢᆅୖ࡛㸪၏୍ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡔࡅࡀ㸪฼ᕫⓗ࡞⮬ᕫ」〇Ꮚ ࡓࡕࡢᑓᒓᨭ㓄࡟཯㏫࡛ࡁࡿࠖ㸪ࡘࡲࡾே㛫࡟ࡣ㸪฼ᕫⓗ࡞㑇ఏᏊࡢ࿨௧ࡸ㸪ṔྐⓗῈửࢆ

⏕ࡁᘏࡧ࡚⫱ࡲࢀ࡚᮶ࡓ᰿ᙉ࠸⩦័ࡸ⪃࠼᪉࡜㐪࠺㑅ᢥࢆࡍࡿ⮬⏤ពᚿࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ

13

㸬 ᚑࡗ࡚㸪౛࠼ᡃࠎࡀ⤖ᒁࡢ࡜ࡇࢁୖ࡛㏙࡭ࡓࠕᮏ⬟ࠖ࡜ྠࡌ㑅ᢥࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪 ࡑࢀࢆᢈุⓗ࡟ྫྷ࿡ࡋࡓୖ࡛㑅ᢥࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡋ㸪ሙྜ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡣࠕᮏ⬟ࠖࡢ࿨௧࡜㐪

࠺Ỵ᩿ࢆୗࡍࡇ࡜ࡶྍ⬟࡞ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࡽ㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࢆఱ࠿ே㛫ࡸ⏕࿨ࡢᛶ㉁࡟ᇶ࡙ࡃᚲ↛ⓗ

࡞⾜Ⅽ࡜⤖ㄽ࡙ࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬

㸦㸱㸧⛣ẸࡢṔྐ࡜Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟ

Ᏹᐂ࡜ே㢮ࡢᮍ᮶࡟㛵ࡍࡿከࡃࡢⴭసࡀ࠶ࡿ≀⌮Ꮫ⪅ࡢࣇ࣮࣐࣭ࣜࣥࢲ࢖ࢯࣥࡣⴭ᭩ࠗᏱ ᐂࢆ࠿ࡁ஘ࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿࠘ࡢ୰࡛㸪࢔࣓ࣜ࢝኱㝣࡬ࡢΎᩍᚐ㸦࣓࢖ࣇ࣮ࣛ࣡ྕ㸧࡜ࣔࣝࣔࣥᩍᚐ ࡢ⛣Ẹ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ᮍ᮶ࡢᕧ኱Ᏹᐂࢥࣟࢽ࣮㸦~10,000 ே㸧࡬ࡢ᳜Ẹ࡜ᑠᝨᫍ࡬ࡢᑠつᶍ࡞⮬Ⴀ ධ᳜㸦~20 ே㸧࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ேᩘ㸪✚Ⲵ㸪⤒㈝࡞࡝ࢆẚ㍑ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

14

㸬㸦↓ㄽᏱᐂࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡸ

ᑠᝨᫍ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⢒࠸ぢ✚ࡶࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ᪤࡟㛗ᖺ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ேࡀఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡓ࢔࣓ࣜ࢝

኱㝣࡬ࡢ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃேࡢ⛣ఫࡣ㸪ே㢮࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢ⏕Ꮡᅪᣑ኱࡜ࡣゝ࠼࡞࠸㸬㸧ࢲ࢖ࢯࣥࡢẚ㍑

ࡢ୰࡛≉࡟㔜せ࡞ࡢࡣ㸪୍ᐙ᪘ᙜࡓࡾ࡟࠿࠿ࡿ⤒㈝ࢆᖹᆒⓗ࡞ᖺ཰࡛๭ࡗࡓ್࡛㸪࣓࢖ࣇࣛ

࣮࣡ྕࡢ⛣Ẹࡀ 7.5㸪ࣔࣝࣔࣥᩍᚐࡣ 2.5 ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᖹᆒⓗ࡞ே㛫࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ᖺ཰ࡢ 2.5

ಸࢆ㈓ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୙ྍ⬟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪 7.5 ಸ࡜࡞ࡿ࡜㞴ࡋ࠸㸬ࡇࡢࡓࡵࣔࣝࣔࣥᩍᚐࡣ⮬๓

(8)

࡛ࡸࡗ࡚ࡺࡅࡓࡀ㸪࣓࢖ࣇ࣮ࣛ࣡ྕࡣᢞ㈨ᐙ࠿ࡽࡢ㔜࠸೉㔠࡟ⱞࡋࢇࡔ㸬ࡇࢀࢆᏱᐂ᳜Ẹ࡟

ᙜ࡚ࡣࡵ࡚ࡳࡿ࡜㸪୍ᐙ᪘ᙜࡓࡾᖺ཰ఱᖺศࡢ⤒㈝ࡀ࠿࠿ࡿ࠿࡜࠸࠺ᩘᏐࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂࢥࣟࢽ࣮

ࡣ 1500㸪ᑠᝨᫍධ᳜ࡣ 6 ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬ᚑࡗ࡚ࢲ࢖ࢯࣥ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪኱つᶍ࡞Ᏹᐂࢥࣟࢽ࣮ࡣ⚾ⓗ

ෑ㝤࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡎ㸪ᨻᗓィ⏬࡛࠶ࡽࡊࡿࢆᚓ࡞࠸㸬୍᪉ᑠᝨᫍ࡬ࡢධ᳜ࡣ㸪ᅔ㞴࡛ࡣ

࠶ࡿࡀᙉ࠸ពᚿࡢ࠶ࡿ୍⩌ࡢࣃ࢖࢜ࢽ࢔࡟ࡼࡗ࡚࡞ࡋᚓࡿ஦ᴗ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ࡇࡢࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ᑗ᮶㉳ࡁ࠺ࡿᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ⛣Ẹ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㏆࠸ᑗ᮶ࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨࡉ࠼ࡶ㸪 JAXA ࡸ NASA ࡢࡼ࠺࡞኱ᅜࡢᅜᐙᶵ㛵ࡸࡑࡢ㐃ྜయ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪᐀ᩍᅋయ㸪ᑡᩘࡢᐩ⿱ᒙ㸪㏕ᐖࢆ

ཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿᑡᩘẸ᪘࡞࡝㸪ᑠつᶍࡢᅋయ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣಶேࡀ୺య࡜࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀᑡ࡞࠿ࡽࡎ࠶ࡿ

ࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᆅ⌫࿘ᅇ㌶㐨࡬ࡢ㍺㏦ࡸᏱᐂほග᪑⾜࡞࡝࡛ࡶẸ㛫୺యࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝

ࡀ㐍ࡳࡘࡘ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㸪 ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࢩࢼࣜ࢜ࡀ⌧ᐇ࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ᝿㉳ࡉࡏࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤ㸪 ᆅ⌫ୖࡢ♫఍࡛ከᩘὴ࡛࠶ࡾẚ㍑ⓗᛌ㐺࡞ᆅ఩ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿ㞟ᅋࡼࡾࡶ㸪ᆅ⌫ୖ࡛ᢚᅽࡉࢀ㸪

୙‶ࢆᣢࡕ㸪㏨ࡆሙᡤࡸ⮬⏤࡞᪂ኳᆅࢆồࡵࡿ㞟ᅋࡢ᪉ࡀ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡬ࡢỌఫⓗ࡞⛣Ẹࢆࡣࡿ࠿

࡟ᙉࡃᮃࡴ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣᐜ᫆࡟᝿ീ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

ࢲ࢖ࢯࣥࡶᣦ᦬ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪࢔࣓ࣜ࢝኱㝣࡬ࡢ࣮ࣚࣟࢵࣃ࠿ࡽࡢ኱つᶍ࡞⛣Ẹࡶ㸪ࡑ ࡢඛ㠴ࢆࡘࡅࡓࡢࡣᅜᐙ㸦⋤ᐊ㸧ࢆࣃࢺࣟࣥ࡟ࡋࡓෑ㝤ᐙ㐩࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇ㝿ࢥࣟࣥࣈࢫࡢ⯟ᾏ

࠿ࡽ࣓࢖ࣇ࣮ࣛ࣡ྕࡢ⯟ᾏࡲ࡛ࡣ 100 ᖺ௨ୖࡢᖺ᭶ࡀ࠿࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬Ᏹᐂ࡬ࡢ⛣Ẹࡶ㸪᭱

ึࡣᅜᐙࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡀඛᑟࡋ㸪Ẹ㛫ࡀࡑࡢ㈨⏘ࢆά࠿ࡋ࡚ᗈࡆࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᙧࢆྲྀࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡣ 㧗࠸㸬ᅜᐙ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃᑠつᶍ࡞ᅋయࡀᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡢ୺య࡜࡞ࡿ᫬㸪Ᏹᐂࡢ࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࢆ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺

࡟ࡍࡿ࠿ࡣ௒௨ୖ࡟㞴ࡋ࠸ၥ㢟࡜࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬 ே㢮඲య࡜ࡋ࡚⤫୍ࡉࢀࡓᩥ໬࡜ᶒຊ࡟ࡼࡿ

⛛ᗎࢆᮃࡴࡢ࠿㸪ከᵝᛶࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿࡢ࠿࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡟ࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡇࡢၥ㢟ࡣ➨ 4 ❶࡛ヲࡋ ࡃ᳨ウࡍࡿ㸬

↓ㄽ⛣Ẹࡢ⫼ᬒ࡟ࡣᵝࠎ࡞♫఍≧ἣࡀ࠶ࡾᢏ⾡ࡸ⤒㈝ࡢၥ㢟ࡔࡅࡣ࡞࠸㸬ே㛫ࡢ⏕Ꮡᅪᣑ

኱ࡸ⛣ẸࡢṔྐ࡜ᑗ᮶㉳ࡇࡾᚓࡿᏱᐂ࡬ࡢ㐍ฟ࣭⛣ఫ࡛ࡣఱࡀඹ㏻࡛ఱࡀ␗࡞ࡿࡢ࠿㸬㐣ཤ ࡢṔྐ࠿ࡽᡃࠎࡣఱࢆᏛ࡭ࡿࡢ࠿㸪 ࡑࡢᘏ㛗࡜ࡋ࡚ᡃࠎࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᙧ࡛Ᏹᐂ࡟㐍ฟࡋ࡚ࡺ

ࡃࡢ࠿㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡋ࡞࠸ࡢ࠿㸧㸪ṔྐᏛ㸪⤒῭Ꮫ㸪♫఍Ꮫ㸪ᩥ໬ே㢮Ꮫ㸪ᏱᐂᕤᏛ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ

࡞ศ㔝࡟Ώࡗ࡚ᖜᗈ࠸᳨ウࢆຍ࠼ࡿ࡭ࡁၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

㸦㸲㸧Ᏹᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡇ࡜ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍᕼᮃ

෌ࡧࠕᕼᮃࠖ࡜࠸࠺ゝⴥࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡓ࠸㸬ᕼᮃࡣᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ࣭฼⏝ࡢࢥࣥࢸࢡࢫࢺ࡛㢖⦾࡟

ฟ࡚ࡃࡿゝⴥࡔࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡀព࿡ࡍࡿᡤࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶࡣࡗࡁࡾࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸㸬ᕼᮃࡀ࡞࠸ୡ⏺࡜࠸

࠺ࡢࡣఱ࡜ࡶ㝜᝺࡞㡪ࡁ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᕼᮃࡣ࡞࠸ࡼࡾ࠶ࡿ࡟㉸ࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸࡜ᛮ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪࡛ࡣ Ᏹᐂࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍᕼᮃࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࢀࡤࡑࢀࡣලయⓗ࡟ࡣ࡝࠺࠸࠺ࡶࡢ࡛㸪ㄡ࡟࡜ࡗ࡚ࡢᕼᮃ࡞

ࡢ࠿㸬

ᕼᮃ࡜ࡣఱ࠿㸪ಶேࡢᕼᮃ࡜♫఍ࡢᕼᮃࡢ㛵ಀࡣఱ࠿㸪࡜࠸࠺ၥ㢟࡟ṇ㠃࠿ࡽྲྀࡾ⤌ࢇࡔ

ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟㸪ᮾி኱Ꮫ♫఍⛉Ꮫ◊✲ᡤࡀ୰ᚰ࡜࡞ࡗࡓࠕᕼᮃᏛࠖࡀ࠶ࡿ

15

㸬ࡑࡇ࡛ᥦၐ

ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᕼᮃࡢព࿡௜ࡅࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

(9)

“Hope is a wish for something to come true by action”

༶ࡕᕼᮃ࡜ࡣ㸪ලయⓗ࡞ఱ࠿(something)ࢆ⾜ື࡟ࡼࡗ࡚(by action)ᐇ⌧㸦come true㸧ࡋࡼ

࠺࡜ࡍࡿ㢪ᮃ(wish)࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡞ࡐࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ព࿡௜ࡅ࡜࡞ࡿࡢ࠿࡟㛵ࡍࡿ⯆࿡῝࠸㆟ㄽࡣཧ

⪃ᩥ⊩

15

࡟ㆡࡾ㸪௨ୗ࡛ࡣ⋞⏣᭷ྐࠗᕼᮃࡢࡘࡃࡾ᪉࠘

16

࡟࡞ࡽࡗ࡚㸪 ࠕᖾ⚟ࠖ ࠕᏳᚰࠖ ࠕክࠖ

࡞࡝ࡢ㏆᥋ᴫᛕ࡜ẚ㍑ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪Ᏹᐂࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍᕼᮃ࡜ࡣఱ࠿ࢆ⪃࠼࡚ࡳࡿ㸬

ࡲࡎᖾ⚟ࡣ⥔ᣢ⥅⥆ࢆồࡵࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪ᕼᮃࡣኚ໬࡜ᐦ᥋࡞㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ᕼᮃ ࡣ㸪⌧≧ࡢ⥔ᣢࢆᮃࡴࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⌧≧ࢆᮍ᮶࡟ྥ࠿ࡗ࡚ኚ໬ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼ࡿ᫬࡟

⾲ࢀࡿ㸬ḟ࡟Ᏻᚰ࡜ᕼᮃࡢ኱ࡁ࡞㐪࠸ࡣ㸪Ᏻᚰ࡟ࡣ☜ᐇᛶࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ᖺ㔠ࡸ㜵⅏ࡢၥ㢟ࢆ⪃࠼ࢀࡤศ࠿ࡾࡸࡍ࠸㸬Ᏻᚰࡣᖾ⚟࡟࡜ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡞せ⣲࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡇࢀࡀ

㏆ᖺ㔜せどࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂᇶᮏἲ࡟ࡶ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝ࡣᏳ඲࡛ࠕᏳᚰࠖࡋ࡚ᬽࡽࡏ

ࡿ♫఍ࡢᙧᡂ࡟㈨ࡍࡿࡇ࡜㸪࡜᫂グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦➨୕᮲㸧ࡇ࡜࠿ࡽࡶศ࠿ࡿ㸬㏻ಙ㸪㜵⅏࡞

࡝Ᏹᐂ฼⏝ࡀᅜẸ⏕άࡢᏳᚰ࡟㈨ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿⅬࡣከࡃ㸪ࡑࡢ᥎㐍ࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ ㄽࢆಗࡓ࡞࠸㸬ࡇࢀ࡟ᑐࡋᕼᮃࡣࡴࡋࢁඛࡢぢ㏻ࡋࡀぢ࠼࡞࠸࠿ࡽࡇࡑ⾜ືࢆ࠾ࡇࡋ๓࡬㐍

ࡴࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Ᏻᚰ࡜ࡣ࠿࡞ࡾ㉁ࡢ␗࡞ࡿᴫᛕ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬᭱ᚋ࡟㸪ክࡀ↓ព㆑࡟

ぢࡓࡾ㸪㣬ࡁ㊊ࡽ࡞࠸Ẽᣢࡕ࠿ࡽḟࠎ࡜⏕ࡲࢀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪ᕼᮃࡣព㆑ⓗ࡟ぢࡓ

ࡾ㸪ⱞࡋ࠸≧ἣࡔ࠿ࡽࡇࡑ࠶࠼࡚ᣢ࡜࠺࡜ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

ᕼᮃࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ⌧≧࡟ᑐࡍࡿ୙‶ࡀ࠶ࡗ࡚ࡑࢀࢆኚ࠼ࡓ࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᖾ

⚟࡛࠶ࢀࡤᕼᮃࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶᚲせ࡞࠸㸬⋞⏣ࠗᕼᮃࡢࡘࡃࡾ᪉࡛࠘ࡣ㸪௖ᩍࡢᩍ࠼࡟ᕼᮃ࡜࠸

࠺ᴫᛕࡀ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝Ⓩሙࡋ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜࡟ࡶゐࢀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ᕼᮃ࡞࡝ᣢࡓࡎ࡟✜ࡸ࠿࡞ᚰ࡛⏕ࡁ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ௖ᩍⓗ࡞⌮᝿ࡢጼ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⮬㌟ࡀࠕ⌧௦ࡢⱝ⪅࡛ࠖࡶ࠶ࡿ♫఍Ꮫ

⪅ࡢྂᕷ᠇ᑑࡣ㸪ᕼᮃࢆᣢࡘ࠿ࡽࡇࡑ⌧ᐇ࡜ᕼᮃࡢࢠࣕࢵࣉ࡟ⱞࡋࡴேࠎࢆࠕᕼᮃ㞴Ẹࠖ࡜

࿧ࡧ㸪ᚑࡗ࡚ࠕⱝ⪅ࢆ࠶ࡁࡽࡵࡉࡏࢁࠖ࡜᭩࠸࡚࠸ࡿ

17

㸬 㸦ࡓࡔࡋࡇࡇ࡛ྂᕷࡀ౑ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ

ࠕᕼᮃࠖࡣ㸪⋞⏣࡟࡞ࡽࡗࡓୖࡢᐃ⩏࡛ࡣࠕክࠖ࡟㏆࠸㸬 㸧ᕼᮃ࡞࡝࡞࠸᪉ࡀࡼ࠸࡜ࡲ࡛ゝ

࠺ࡢࡣᴟ➃ࡔ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶ㸪ྂᕷࡢゝⴥࢆ೉ࡾࢀࡤࠕ࢟ࣕࣜ࢔ࢺࣛࢵࢡ࠿ࡽୗࡾࡓⱝ⪅ࡓࡕࡢࡑ ࡇࡑࡇᴦࡋ࠸ᬽࡽࡋࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡢࡣ㸪ୡ⏺୰࡛ࡑࡢᐇ⌧ࡀྉࡤࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠕᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞♫఍ࠖ࡟

࠾ࡅࡿ୍ࡘࡢᖾ⚟࡞⏕ࡁ᪉࡛࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ࡶᛮ࠼ࡿ㸬

ࡋ࠿ࡋࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞♫఍ࡀᐇ㝿࡟ࠕᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞ᖾ⚟ࠖࢆ඲࡚ࡢᵓᡂဨ࡟ࡶࡓࡽࡍ࠿࡜ゝ࠼ࡤ

኱ࡁ࡞␲ၥࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡶࡋ࣮ࣦ࢛࣮࣎࣡ࣝࡢゝ࠺ࡼ࠺࡟ࠕ⮬ศࢆ㉸㉺ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ࡢࡳᏑ ᅾࠖࡍࡿࡢࡀே㛫࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ே㛫ࡀࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᐃᖖ࡞♫఍࡛ᖾ⚟࡛ᒃ⥆ࡅࡽࢀࡿ࡜ࡣ⪃

࠼࡟ࡃ࠸㸬Ἑྜ㞙㞝ࡣࠕ᐀ᩍ࡜⛉Ꮫࡢᑐヰࠖࡢ୰࡛ࠕ⚄ࡠࡁ࡛ே㛫ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪

ே㛫ࡢࠕ㐍Ṍࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡀ㠀ᖖ࡟኱ษ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ㸬࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃ௨๓ࡢே㛫ࡼࡾࠕ㐍Ṍࠖࡋ

࡚࠸ࡿ㸪࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚Ᏻᚰ࡛ࡁࡿࡢࡔࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡀ

18

㸪Ᏻᚰࡀᖾ⚟ࡢ㔜せ࡞せ௳

࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼ࢀࡤ㸪 ࡇࢀࡶᖾ⚟ࢆ⥔ᣢࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟㐍໬࡜࠸࠺ྡࡢኚ໬ࡀᚲせ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜

ࢆព࿡ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⤖ᒁ㸪ᕼᮃࢆᣢࡘࡇ࡜ࡣᖾ⚟ࡢせ௳࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸬

ࡉࡽ࡟㔜せ࡞ࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ᐇ㝿࡟ࡣ♫఍ࡶ⎔ቃࡶᐃᖖ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾᚓ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ಶே

ࡢ⏕ࡁ᪉࡬ࡢእⓗ⎔ቃࢆ୚࠼ࡿ♫఍ࡢኚ໬ࡢࢫࣆ࣮ࢻࡣ࡝ࢇ࡝ࢇ㏿ࡃ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ࡇ

(10)

ࡢᚋࡢ❶࡛㏙࡭ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪ே㢮ࡢ⏕ࡁ᪉࡬ࡢእⓗ᮰⦡᮲௳࡛࠶ࡿᆅ⌫⎔ቃ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᏱᐂ⎔

ቃ࡜ゝ࠺࡭ࡁ࠿㸧ࡀ㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ࡣኚືࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㑊ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ࡜ᆅ⌫

⛉Ꮫࡀ♧ࡍ㏻ࡾ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᚑࡗ࡚☜ᐇ࡞ᏳᚰࢆỌ㐲࡟ᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪ࠕᐃᖖ࡛ࠖᣢ⥆

ྍ⬟࡞ᖾ⚟ࡀ㛗ᮇ࡟ࢃࡓࡗ࡚ᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ࡜ᮇᚅࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬┠ᣦࡍ࡭ࡁ࡞ࡢࡣ㸪ࠕᣢ

⥆ྍ⬟ࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࠕኚື࡟㐺ᛂ࡛ࡁࡿࠖ♫఍࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺᪉ࡀ㐺ษࡔࢁ࠺㸬

⋞⏣ࡣࠕᕼᮃࡣ㸪ᣢࡘ࡭ࡁ࠿㸪ᣢࡓࡊࡿ࡭ࡁ࠿㸪࡛ࡣ࠶ࡾࡲࡏࢇ㸬ᅔ㞴ࡀ㐃⥆ࡍࡿ♫఍ࡢ

࡞࠿࡛⏕ࡁᢤࡃࡓࡵ࡟㸪࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡶồࡵ࡚ࡋࡲ࠺ࡶࡢࠖ࡜㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿࡀ

16

㸪ࡇࢀࢆᏱᐂⓗ࡞

᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝ࡟⨨ࡁ᥮࠼ࡿ࡜㸪♫఍࡜ᆅ⌫⎔ቃࡢ኱ᖜ࡞ኚື࡟⪏࠼㸪㐺ᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ⾜ືࢆ

㉳ࡇࡍࡓࡵ࡟㸪ே࡟ࡣᕼᮃࡀᚲせࡔ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪ே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡀᕼᮃࢆ୚

࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ࡜ࡍࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ᑗ᮶㉳ࡁࡿከ✀ከᵝ࡞ኚື࡟㐺ᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞㸪ከ✀

ከᵝ࡞ேࠎࡢከ✀ከᵝ࡞ᕼᮃࢆᣢࡘࠕࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࠖࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸬ࡇࢀࡣ

≀⌮ⓗ࡞✵㛫㸪ཪࡣேཱྀၥ㢟ࡢ┤᥋ⓗ࡞ゎỴࢆᏱᐂ࡟ồࡵࡿ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬᪂ࡓ࡞ே

㢮⏕Ꮡᅪࡢ㛤ᣅࡣ㸪᪂ࡓ࡟Ⓨᒎࡍࡿ♫఍ࢆ⏕ࡴ㸬ࡶࡕࢁࢇᮍ᮶ࡢᆅ⌫ୖࡢ♫఍࡟ࡶ㸪Ꮫၥ㸪 ⱁ⾡㸪ࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞㠃࡛㸪ಶேࡀ⏕ࡁࡿព⩏ࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡋ㸪♫఍Ⓨᒎࡢవᆅࡣṧࡉࢀ࡚

࠸ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬ࡔࡀ㸪ㄡࡋࡶࡀᏛၥࡸⱁ⾡ࡸࢫ࣏࣮ࢶ࡟⏕ࡁࡿព⩏ࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡍࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸

ࡋ㸪ᡂ⇍ࡋࡓ♫఍࡟Ⓨᒎࡸኚ໬ࡶࡓࡽࡍ࡟ࡣࡼ࡯࡝ࡢຊࡀ࡞࠸࡜㞴ࡋ࠸㸬ࡔࡀ㍺㏦ᡭẁ࡜᝟

ሗ㏻ಙᢏ⾡ࡢⓎ㐩࡛⊃ࡃ࡞ࡿ୍᪉ࡢᆅ⌫࡜㐪࠸㸪Ᏹᐂ࡟ᗈࡀࡿ᪂ࡓ࡞⏕Ꮡᅪ࡟ࡣ㸪ᡂ⇍ࡋࡓ ᆅ⌫ୖࡢ♫఍ࡼࡾࡶࡣࡿ࠿࡟Ⓨᒎࡢవᆅࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬࠶ࡿேࠎࡣࡑࡇ࡛ෑ㝤ᚰࢆ‶ࡓࡋ㸪࠶ࡿ

ேࠎࡣࡑࡇ࡛⮬ศࡀ࡞ࡍ࡭ࡁ௙஦ࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᐇ㝿࡟ぢࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ

࡛ࡁ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ㸪඲ࡃูࡢே⏕ࢆ㏦ࡿ࢜ࣉࢩࣙࣥࡀࡑࡇ࡟࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ୍ࡘࡢᕼᮃࢆ୚࠼ᚓࡿ㸬 ࡑࡋ࡚ᆅ⌫ୖࡢ♫఍࡟ᗁ⁛ࡋ㸪ᕼᮃࢆぢ࠸ࡔࡏ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡗࡓேࠎࡣ㸪ࡑࡇ࡬㏨ࡆሙᡤࢆぢࡘࡅ

ࡿ࠿㸪ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ㏨ࡆࡼ࠺࡜ᛮ࠼ࡤ࠸ࡘ࡛ࡶ㏨ࡆࡽࢀࡿ࡜࠸࠺Ᏻᚰࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬Ᏹ ᐂ࡬⛣ఫࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࢆࡋ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺Ỵ᩿ࡣ㸪㐜ࡃ࡜ࡶ 70 ൨ᖺᚋ࡟ࡣኴ㝧࡜ඹ࡟⁛ࡧࡿ࡜࠸࠺

Ỵ᩿ࡔ࠿ࡽ㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡢດຊࢆ⥅⥆ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ኴ㝧ࡢᑑ࿨ࡀ᮶࡚ࡶே㢮ࡀ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⮬ศ ࡀ㸧ࡇࡢᏱᐂ࡟Ꮡᅾࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺⑞㊧ࡀᾘ࠼ࡎ࡟ࡍࡴྍ⬟ᛶࡀṧࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ᕼᮃࢆ୚࠼ࡿ㸬 Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍᕼᮃ࡜ࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ゝࢃࢀ࡚᮶ࡓࡼ

࠺࡞㸪᭕᫕ࡔࡀࣂࣛⰍࡢࠕᏱᐂࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍᕼᮃࠖࡣ㸪ୖ࡟ᣲࡆࡓᐃ⩏࡟ࡼࢀࡤᕼᮃ࡜࠸࠺ࡼ

ࡾክ࡟㏆࠸㸬ክࡣ࠶ࡿ࡟ࡇࡋࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ே㢮ࡀ⏕ࡁᘏࡧࡿࡢ࡟ᮏᙜ࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡢࡣ㸪ࣂ

ࣛⰍࡢክ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ⱞࡋ࠸᫬࡟ࡶ⏕ࡁࡿࡓࡵࡢ⾜ືࢆ㉳ࡇࡍຊࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡿᕼᮃ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᕼᮃࡢලయⓗ࡞ᙧ࡜ࡑࡢຠ⏝ࢆ୍ࡘ୍ࡘ᥈ࡗ࡚ࡺࡃࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂࡢேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉

Ꮫࡢ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

(11)

㸲㸬Ᏹᐂࡣே㛫࡟ఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿

᭱ᚋ࡟㸪᭷ேࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟ࡟㝈ࡽࡎ㸪ኳᩥᏛ࡞࡝ࡢᏱᐂ⛉Ꮫࢆྵࡵ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࡀே

㛫࡟ఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡋ࡚ࡁ࡚㸪ࡇࢀ࠿ࡽఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡢ࠿ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ㸬

㸦㸯㸧⚄ヰ࣭᐀ᩍ࡜Ᏹᐂ

࣎ࢫࢺࣥ⨾⾡㤋࡟཰ⶶࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ࣏࣮࣭ࣝࢦ࣮ࢠࣕࣥࡢ᭱ࡶ᭷ྡ࡞సရࡢࢱ࢖ࢺࣝ㸪 ࠗᡃࠎ ࡣ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡽ᮶ࡓࡢ࠿㸽ᡃࠎࡣఱ⪅࠿㸽ᡃࠎࡣ࡝ࡇ࡬⾜ࡃࡢ࠿㸽(D'où venons-nous ? Que sommes-nous ? Où allons-nous ?)࠘ࡣ㸪ࡑࡢࡲࡲኳᩥᏛ࣭Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫࡢ✲ᴟⓗ࡞┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ

࡜ゝ࠼ࡿ㸬᪥ᮏࢆྵࡴ 14 ࡢᏱᐂᶵ㛵ࡀ 2007 ᖺ࡟Ⓨ⾲ࡋࡓᯟ⤌ࡳᩥ᭩ࠕࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ᥈ᰝᡓ

␎(Global Exploration Strategy; GES)19ࠖࠖ࡟ࡶ㸪Ᏹᐂ᥈ᰝࡢ┠ⓗࡀᇶᮏⓗ࡟ࡣࡇࡢ 3 ࡘ ࡢၥ࠸࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ᫂グࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸦ཝᐦ࡟ࡣ GES ࡟ࡣ͂Where did we come from?̓

͂What is our place in the universe?̓ and ͂What is our destiny?̓࡜࠶ࡾ 2 ␒┠ࡢၥ

࠸ࡢࢽࣗ࢔ࣥࢫࡀⱝᖸ␗࡞ࡿ㸬㸧

࡛ࡣ㸪࡞ࡐࡇࡢၥ࠸࡟⟅࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ㔜せ࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸬⭾኱࡞ࢥࢫࢺࢆ࠿ࡅ㸪ࣜࢫࢡࢆෑ

ࡋ࡚ࡲ࡛ே㢮ࡀࡇࡢၥ࠸ࡢ⟅࠼ࢆồࡵ⥆ࡅࡿ࡭ࡁ⌮⏤ࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࠿㸬ࡑࡢᡭࡀ࠿ࡾࡣ㸪 ᵝࠎ࡞Ẹ᪘ࡀᣢࡘ⚄ヰࡢ୰࡟ồࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

ISTS ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠕᏱᐂ᫬௦ࡢே㛫࣭♫఍࣭ᩥ໬ࠖ࡟ࡶⓏቭࡋࡓ᐀ᩍဴᏛ⪅

ࡢ㙊⏣ᮾ஧࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪⚄ヰ࡜ࡣࠕୡ⏺ࡢᡂࡾ❧ࡕࡸẸ᪘ࡸᅜᐙࡢᡂ❧㸪ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡀࡇࡢୡ⏺

㸦Ᏹᐂ㸧ࡢ୰࡛㸪࡞ࡐ㸪࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡟Ꮡᅾࡍࡿ࡟⮳ࡗࡓ࠿㸪ࢃࢀࢃࢀࡣ࡝ࡇ࠿ࡽ᮶࡚࡝ࡇ࡟ྥ

࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ≀ㄒⓗㄝ᫂࡜⾲⌧࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ

20

㸬ಶࠎࡢ⚄ヰࡣ୍ぢ୙᮲⌮࡛ወ᝿ኳ እ࡞≀ㄒࡢࡼ࠺࡟ぢ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪」ᩘࡢ⚄ヰࡢ㛫࡟ࡣಶูࡢ⚄ヰ࡟ࡣぢ࠸ࡔࡏ࡞࠸ࡼ࠺࡞⛛ᗎࡔ ࡗࡓ㛵ಀࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡋ㸪ᵓ㐀୺⩏ࢆᣅ࠸ࡓࣦࣞ࢕=ࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢫ࡟ࡼࡿ࡜㸪ே㢮ࡀ⚄ヰ࡟

ồࡵ࡚ࡁࡓࡶࡢ࡜ࡣࠕ⚾ࡓࡕࢆ࡜ࡾࡲࡃୡ⏺ࡢ⛛ᗎ࡜㸪⚾ࡓࡕࡀ⏕ࡲࢀࡓ♫఍ࡢᵓ㐀ࢆゎࡁ

᫂࠿ࡋ㸪ࡑࡢᏑᅾ⌮⏤ࢆ♧ࡍࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ୡ⏺඲య࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣಶࠎࡢ♫఍ࡀ㸪ጞ※࡟๰ࡾฟࡉ

ࢀࡓጼࡢࡲࡲᏑ⥆ࡋ࡚ࡺࡃ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺࡜࠸࠺㸪ᚰࢆᏳࡽ࠿࡟ࡍࡿ☜ಙࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ

21

㸬 ࡘࡲࡾ⚄ヰࡀ㏆௦⛉Ꮫࡢ᪉ἲㄽ࡜ࡣ㐪࠺㸪ࡋ࠿ࡋෆⓗᩚྜᛶࢆᣢࡗࡓㄽ⌮࡛Ᏹᐂ㸦ୡ⏺㸧ࡢ ᡂࡾ❧ࡕ࡜ࡑࡢ୰࡛ࡢ⮬ᕫࡢᏑᅾ࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄝ᫂ࢆ୚࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪ேࠎࡣࡑࡢࡇ࡜࡛⮬ᕫࡢᏑ ᅾࡢព࿡ࢆ☜ㄆࡋ㸪ᚰࡢᖹᏳࢆᚓࡓ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

⌧௦ࡢᏱᐂ⛉ᏛࡀࡸࡣࡾᏱᐂ࡜ࡑࡢ୰ࡢ⮬ᕫࡢ఩⨨࡟ᑐࡍࡿㄝ᫂ࢆ୚࠼ࡿ㸦୚࠼ࡼ࠺࡜ࡍ

ࡿ㸧ヨࡳ࡛࠶ࡿ࡞ࡽࡤ㸪⛉Ꮫࡶࡲࡓ⚄ヰ࡜ྠࡌᶵ⬟ࢆᯝࡓࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸪ࡲࡓࡣᯝࡓࡋ࠺ࡿࡢ࡛

ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸬ᐇ㝿ࡢ࡜ࡇࢁ㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫࡢ◊✲⪅࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࠿ࡘ≉࡟ಙ௮ࢆᣢࡓ࡞࠸➹⪅࡟

࡜ࡗ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂࢆ▱ࡿࡇ࡜࡜ᚰࡢᖹᏳࢆᚓࡿࡇ࡜ࡀࡘ࡞ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿឤぬࡣࡇࢀࡲ࡛࠶ࡲࡾ࡞࠿

ࡗࡓ㸬࡜ࡇࢁࡀᏱᐂࣘࢽࢵࢺࡢάື࡜ࡋ࡚㸪ᆅᇦࡢ࠾ᑎࢆ఍ሙ࡟⛉Ꮫ⪅࡜ൔ౶㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ᕷẸ ࡀᑐヰࡍࡿ఍ࠕ࠾ᑎ࡛ᏱᐂᏛࠖ

22

ࢆ㛵すᆅ༊ࡢⱝᡭൔ౶࡜ࡢ㐃ᦠ࡟ࡼࡾ㛤ദࡍࡿ୰࡛㸪ᑡࡋ ࡎࡘࡇࡢ㛵ಀࡀಶேⓗ࡞ឤぬ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡶศ࠿ࡾጞࡵࡓ࡜ឤࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

౛࠼ࡤ┿ゝᐦᩍ࡛ࡣ᭭ⲷ⨶ࡀከࡃ⏝࠸ࡽࢀࡿ㸬᭭ⲷ⨶ࡣ⚄ࠎࡢୡ⏺ࡢ⛛ᗎࡢᅗ㇟໬࡜ࡶ࠸

(12)

࠼ࡿࡀ㸪᭭ⲷ⨶࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ㝵ᒙⓗ࡞ୡ⏺ീ࡜㸪⌧௦⛉ᏛࡀࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓᏱᐂࡸ⮬↛⏺࡟ᬑ㐢ⓗ

࡟ぢࡽࢀࡿ㝵ᒙᵓ㐀

23

࡟┦㏻ࡎࡿࡶࡢࢆឤࡌࡿேࡣከ࠸㸬᭭ⲷ⨶ࡢ୰ᚰ࡟࠸ࡿ኱᪥ዴ᮶ࡣ

ࡲࡉ࡟Ᏹᐂࡢ┿⌮ࢆయ⌧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪┿ゝ᐀࡛ࡣࡇࡢᏱᐂࡢ┿⌮࡜୍య࡜࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ

୍᪉࡛㸪ൔ౶ࡢ᪉ࠎࡣ᪥ࠎ㸪ேࠎࡢⱞࡋࡳࢆ࿴ࡽࡆ㸪ᚰࡢᖹᏳࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍࡓࡵ࡟άືࡋ࡚࠸

ࡿ㸬┿ゝ᐀ࡢ♽࡛࠶ࡿᘯἲ኱ᖌࡑࡢேࡀ㸪᐀ᩍᐙ㸪ᛮ᝿ᐙ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ྠ᫬࡟ᨻ἞ᐙ㸪ᐇᴗᐙ࡛

ࡶ࠶ࡾ㸪ⱞࡋࡳࡢ୰࡟࠸ࡿྠ᫬௦ࡢேࠎࢆᩆ࠺ࡓࡵ㸪ᅵᮌᕤ஦ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌧ୡⓗ࡞஦ᴗࢆከᩘ

ᡭࡀࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ

24

㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ࠕ࠾ᑎ࡛ᏱᐂᏛࠖࡢάືࢆ㏻ࡌ㸪ᆅᇦ࡛άືࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿከࡃࡢൔ౶

ࡢ᪉࠿ࡽ㸪Ᏹᐂࢆ⌮ゎࡋࡼ࠺࡜ࡍࡿ⛉ᏛࡢႠࡳ࡜㸪᐀ᩍ㸪ᑡ࡞ࡃ࡜ࡶ௖ᩍࡢႠࡳ࡟ࡣ㏻ࡌࡿ

࡜ࡇࢁࡀ࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗࡓ㸪࡜࠸࠺ឤ᝿ࢆ㡬࠸࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ࢻࣇࢺ࢚ࣇࢫ࣮࢟ࡢ࣐࣮ࠗ࢝ࣛࢰࣇࡢ඗ᘵ࠘࡟ ࠕே㢮඲యࢆឡࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࢀࡤ࡞ࡿ࡯࡝㸪 ಶࠎࡢே㛫㸪ࡘࡲࡾࡦ࡜ࡾࡦ࡜ࡾࡢಶே࡟ᑐࡍࡿឡ᝟ࡀⷧࢀ࡚࠸ࡃࠖ࡜࠸࠺୍ㄝࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬ே

㢮඲య࡟ᑐࡍࡿ⛉Ꮫࡢ㐍ṌࡸᏱᐂ㐍ฟࡢព⩏ࢆ࣐ࢡࣟ࡟ㄒࡿࡇ࡜ࡣᐜ᫆ࡔࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡀ♫఍ࢆ

ᵓᡂࡍࡿ୍ே୍ேࡢಶே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࡝ࢀ࡯࡝ព⩏ࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࠿ࢆၥࢃࢀࡓ᫬࡟⟅࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㞴 ࡋ࠸㸬⚄ヰࡢᶵ⬟ࡸ᐀ᩍࡢႠࡳࢆཧ⪃࡟㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡀࠕே㢮࡛ࠖࡣ࡞ࡃ୍ே୍ே

ࡢಶே࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࡝࠺࠸࠺ព⩏ࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࢆྫྷ࿡ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉

Ꮫࡢ⯆࿡῝࠸ࢸ࣮࣐࡜࡞ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬

㸦㸰㸧㏆௦࠿ࡽ⌧௦ࡢே㛫ࡢᛮ⪃࡜Ᏹᐂ

ኳᩥᏛࡣே㢮࡟࡜ࡗ࡚᭱ࡶྂ࠸Ꮫၥࡢ୍ࡘ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ኳయほ ࢆ㏻ࡋࡓᏱᐂࡢㄆ㆑ࡀ㸪ே㛫 ࡀୡ⏺ࡸ⮬ᕫࢆㄆ㆑ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ࠸ࡲࡉࡽᙉㄪࡍࡿࡲ࡛ࡶ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ᨻ

἞ဴᏛࡢ㸦㞴ゎ࡞㸧ྡⴭ࡛࠶ࡿࣁࣥࢼ࣭࢔ࣞࣥࢺࡢࠗே㛫ࡢ᮲௳࠘ࡢࣉ࣮ࣟࣟࢢࡀ 1957 ᖺ ࡢࢫࣉ࣮ࢺࢽࢡᡴࡕୖࡆ࠿ࡽጞࡲࡾ㸪ᮏᩥ࡛ࡶ࠿࡞ࡾࡢ⣬㠃ࢆᏱᐂ࡜ே㛫ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾ࡟๭࠸࡚

࠸ࡿࡢࡣ࡞࠾⯆࿡῝࠸

25

㸬ࠗே㛫ࡢ᮲௳࠘ࡣᵝࠎ࡞ࡶࡢ࡟᮲௳௜ࡅࡽࢀࡓᏑᅾ࡛࠶ࡿே㛫ࡢ άືຊࢆศᯒࡋࡓⴭస࡛࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࡢグ㏙࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪㏆௦ࡢධࡾཱྀ࡟ࡣ୕ࡘࡢ኱ࡁ࡞ฟ᮶஦

ࡀ୪ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿ㸬ࡍ࡞ࢃࡕ㸪 㸦㸯㸧࢔࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢⓎぢ࡜ࡑࢀ࡟⥆ࡃᆅ⌫඲యࡢ᥈᳨㸪 㸦㸰㸧᐀ᩍᨵ 㠉㸪ࡑࡋ࡚㸦㸱㸧ᮃ㐲㙾ࡢⓎ᫂࡜ᆅ⌫ࡢ⮬↛ࢆᏱᐂࡢほⅬ࠿ࡽ⪃࠼ࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸⛉ᏛࡢⓎぢ㸪࡛

࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ㸱␒┠ࡢฟ᮶஦ࡣ㸪௚ࡢ㸰ࡘ࡟ẚ࡭᭱ึࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝┠࡟ࡘ࠿࡞࠸࡯࡝ࡢ⾪ᧁࡋ࠿

୚࠼࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ࡘ࠸࡟ࡣᆅ⌫඲య࡛ྂ௦࣭୰ୡࡢୡ⏺ほࢆ⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞㏆௦ୡ⏺ほ࡟ኚ࠼ࡿ࡟

⮳ࡗࡓ㸬ࡑࢀ௨๓࡟ࡣ㸪ୡ⏺ࡣே㛫࡟ࡣỌ㐲࡟ᡭࡢᒆ࠿࡞࠸⚄ࡢᡭ࠿㸪ࡏ࠸ࡐ࠸୙☜࠿࡞ᛮ ᘚࡸ᝿ീຊࡢᑐ㇟࡛ࡋ࠿࡞࠿ࡗࡓୡ⏺ࡢጼࡀ㸪ே㛫ࡢ⌮ᛶࡀᢕᥱ࡛ࡁ㸪ே㛫ࡢ⫗యⓗឤぬࡀ ࡘ࠿ࡲ࠼ࡽࢀࡿ⠊ᅖ࡟᮶ࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡞࠾すὒ࡜᪥ᮏࡢᏱᐂࡢㄆ㆑ࡢኚ㑄࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣ㸪ཧ⪃

ᩥ⊩

26,27

࡟ヲࡋ࠸㸬

࢔ࣞࣥࢺࡣࡲࡓࢫࣉ࣮ࢺࢽࢡ࡟ጞࡲࡿே㢮ࡢᏱᐂ㐍ฟࢆ㸪࣮࢜ࢺ࣓࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀே㛫ࢆປാ

ࡢ㔜Ⲵ࡜ᚲせࡢ⤎࠿ࡽゎᨺࡋࡓࡇ࡜࡜୪࡭࡚㸪 ࠕᆅ⌫࡟⦡ࡾࡘࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿே㛫ࡀࡼ࠺ࡸࡃ

ᆅ⌫ࢆ⬺ฟࡍࡿ➨୍Ṍࠖ࡜ホࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬࡛ࡣᆅ⌫ࢆ⬺ࡋࡓே㛫ࡀࡑࡇ࠿ࡽᚓࡓࡶࡢࡣఱ࠿㸬

20 ୡ⣖ᚋ༙ࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ࡟࠾࠸࡚㸪ࡑࡢ᭱኱ࡢᡂᯝࡣ㸪እ࠿ࡽᆅ⌫ࢆぢࡓࡇ࡜ࡔࡗࡓࢁ࠺㸬

(13)

እ࠿ࡽ⮬ศࢆぢࡿどⅬࡣ㸪ᐇ㝿࡟Ᏹᐂ࡟ฟ࡚ึࡵ࡚⋓ᚓࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ྂࡃࡣୡ㜿ᘺࡀ ࠕ㞳ぢࡢぢࠖ࡜ㄞࢇࡔࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ୡ⏺᭱ึࡢࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫ࣭ࣇ࢕ࢡࢩࣙࣥ࡜ࡶ࿧ࡤࢀࡿࣚࣁ

ࢿࢫ࣭ࢣࣉ࣮ࣛࡢࠗⓚᖇ௜ࡁᩘᏛ⪅㸪ᨾࣚࣁࢿࢫ࣭ࢣࣉ࣮ࣛࡢክ㸪ࡶࡋࡃࡣ᭶ࡢኳᩥᏛ࡟㛵 ࡍࡿ㑇స࠘

28

㸪᭶࡬᪑⾜ࡋࡓኳᩥᏛ⪅ࡢどⅬࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ᆅ⌫ࡸே㛫ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆほᐹࡋࡓⴭస࡜ぢ

ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬

ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪࣮࢞࢞ࣜࣥ࡟ࡼࡿࠕᆅ⌫ࡣ㟷࠿ࡗࡓࠖ࡟ጞࡲࡿᏱᐂ㣕⾜ኈ㐩ࡢᐇయ㦂࡜㸪ఱࡼࡾ

ࡶ࢔࣏ࣟィ⏬ࡀࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡟ࡱࡘࢇ࡜ᾋ࠿ࡪᆅ⌫ࡢጼࢆᤊ࠼ࡓ෗┿ࡢ࢖ࣥࣃࢡࢺࡣ㠀 ᖖ࡟኱ࡁ࠿ࡗࡓࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 㸦ᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡸࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢩࣕࢺࣝࡀ⾜ࡃప㌶㐨࡛ࡣ㸪 ᆅ⌫඲యࢆど㔝࡟཰ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡎ㸪⁽㯮ࡢᏱᐂ✵㛫࡟ᾋ࠿ࡪᏙ⊂࡞ᆅ⌫ࡢጼࢆ෗┿࡟཰

ࡵࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸㸬㸧ຍ࠼࡚ 1950 ᖺ௦௨㝆ࡢᏱᐂ㛤ⓎࡢṔྐࡣ㸪ࢸࣞࣅࢆጞࡵ࡜ࡍࡿ࣐

ࢫ࣓ࢹ࢕࢔ࡢᬑཬࡢṔྐ࡜ᖹ⾜ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵ㸪 ࢔࣏ࣟࡢ᭶㠃╔㝣ࡢᵝᏊࡸᏱᐂ࠿ࡽぢࡓᆅ⌫

ࡢጼࡀ㸪୍㒊ࡢ≉ᶒ㝵⣭ࡸ▱㆑ேࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ୍⯡ᕷẸ࡟ࡲ࡛ᗈࡃఏࢃࡾ㸪࠿ࡘどぬⓗ࢖࣓࣮

ࢪ࡜ࡋ࡚῝࠸༳㇟ࢆṧࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡓⅬࡣ኱ࡁ࠸㸬

ISTS ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠕᏱᐂ᫬௦ࡢே㛫࣭♫఍࣭ᩥ໬ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚❧ⰼ㝯ࡣ㸪ᙜ᫬

ࡣỴࡋ࡚⤊ࢃࡽ࡞࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡜ᛮ࠼ࡓᮾす෭ᡓࢆ⤊ࢃࡽࡏࡓࡶࡢࡣ㸪✲ᴟⓗ࡟ࡣᏱᐂ࠿ࡽぢࡓ ᆅ⌫ࡢጼ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿࡜㏙࡭ࡓ

4

㸬Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࡣ㌷஦ⓗ࡞➇த࡟㥑ືࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᐇ㝿⡿

ࢯࡢᏱᐂ㣕⾜ኈࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡣ㌷ே࡛࠶ࡗࡓࡀ㸪 ࡟ࡶ㛵ࢃࡽࡎᏱᐂ㣕⾜ኈࡓࡕࡣཱྀࢆࡑࢁ࠼࡚

ࠕᅜቃࡀ࡞࠸ᆅ⌫ࡀぢ࠼ࡿࠖ࡜㏙࡭ࡿ࡜࠸࠺

4,12

㸬⌧ᅾ㸪ᆅ⌫⎔ቃၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡍࡿ༴ᶵឤࡀ㸦ᐇ 㝿ࡢ⾜ືࢆ࡝ࢀ࡯࡝కࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ࠿ࡣ࡜ࡶ࠿ࡃ㸧ୡ⏺୰࡛ඹ᭷ࡉࢀ㸪ࠕᏱᐂ⯪ᆅ⌫ྕࠖࡸࠕࢥ ࢫ࣏ࣔࣜࢱࣥࠖ࡜ゝ࠼ࡤ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢேࡀࡍࡄព࿡ࢆゎࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡟ࡶ㸪Ᏹᐂ࠿ࡽぢ ࡓᆅ⌫ࡢどぬⓗ࢖࣓࣮ࢪࡢᏑᅾࡀ኱ࡁ࡞ᙺ๭ࢆᯝࡓࡋࡓ࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ㸬

㸦㸱㸧21 ୡ⣖๓༙࡟Ᏹᐂࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍ࡭ࡁࡶࡢ

෭ᡓࡀ⤊ࢃࡗࡓ࡜ࡣ࠸࠼ୡ⏺୰࡛⣮தࡣ⥆࠸࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᆅ⌫⎔ቃၥ㢟࡟ᑐࡋࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ࡟ྲྀ

ࡾ⤌ࡴࡇ࡜ࡢ㔜せᛶࡣቑࡍ୍᪉࡛࠶ࡿ㸬20 ୡ⣖ࡢᏱᐂ㛤ⓎࡀࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓࠕᏱᐂ⯪ᆅ⌫ྕࠖ

ⓗどⅬࡣ௒ࡶ඲ࡃⰍ࠶ࡏ࡚ࡣ࠸࡞࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ࣭Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝ࡀࡇࢀࡔࡅ኱ࡁ࡞㐍 ᒎࢆぢࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ୰࡛㸪20 ୡ⣖ࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨࡢᡂᯝࡢୖ࡬⣽ศ໬ࡉࢀࡓ▱㆑ࢆ✚ࡳୖࡆࡿࡔࡅ

࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪21 ୡ⣖ࡢே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࠿ࡽᏛࡪ࡭ࡁ᪂ࡋ࠸⪃࠼ࢆ㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ࣭Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝࡟ᦠ

ࢃࡿᙜ஦⪅ࡣ♧ࡍດຊࢆࡍࡿ࡭ࡁ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸬

➹⪅ࡢ⪃࠼࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡣࠕே㢮ࡣኚືࡍࡿ⎔ቃ࡛⏕ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠖ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬20 ୡ

⣖ࡢᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨࡀᆅ⌫࠿ࡽ㞳ࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡼࡗ࡚✵㛫ⓗ࡞どⅬࢆᗈࡆࡓࡼ࠺࡟㸪᫬㛫ⓗ࡟どⅬࢆ

ᗈࡆ࡚ᆅ⌫࡜ே㢮ࡢᏑᅾࢆᏱᐂ㸪ᆅ⌫㸪⏕࿨ࡢ㐍໬ࡢ୰࡛ᤊ࠼┤ࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ㸪21 ୡ⣖ࡢ⌧௦

࡟࠾࠸࡚Ᏹᐂࡀࡶࡓࡽࡍ࡭ࡁ㔜せ࡞どⅬ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜⪃࠼ࡿ㸬ᐇ㝿ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞㛗ᮇⓗ࡞どⅬ࡛㸪 ᆅ⌫⎔ቃࡸ⏕ែ⣔㸪ࡑࡢ୰ࡢே㛫ࡢ఩⨨ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡼ࠺࡞◊✲ࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡸࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࡣ

㏆ᖺ┒ࢇ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚᮶࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿ㸬ࡶࡕࢁࢇࡇࢀࡣ᭱㏆࡞ࡗ࡚࠿ࡽࡣࡌࡵ࡚ศ࠿ࡗ

ࡓࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪✀ࡢ㐍໬ㄽࡸࣅࢵࢢࣂࣥ⭾ᙇᏱᐂㄽ࡜ࡋ࡚ 19 ୡ⣖࠿ࡽ 20 ୡ⣖ึ㢌࡟᪤

(14)

࡟࠶ࡗࡓࡶࡢ࡛㸪⛉Ꮫ⪅࡟࡜ࡗ࡚࡞ࢇࡽ᪂ࡋ࠸⪃࠼࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋࠕᏱᐂ⯪ᆅ⌫ྕࠖࡀேࠎ ࡢ⾜ື࡟ᙳ㡪ࢆ୚࠼࠺ࡿ࡯࡝♫఍࡟ᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᆅ⌫⎔ቃࡀᮏ㉁ⓗ࡟ኚືࡍࡿ

ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ឤぬࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿேࡣពእ࡞࡯࡝ᑡ࡞࠸㸬

౛࠼ࡤᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬ࡀၥ㢟࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪 1000̾10000 ᖺࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢ㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ࡣᐮ෭໬ࡋ

࡚෌ࡧịᮇ࡟ධࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡋ㸪௒ࡼࡾࡎࡗ࡜ ᬮ࡞Ẽೃ࡟࡞ࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬10

୓ᖺ࠿ࡽ 100 ୓ᖺ❧࡚ࡤே㛫ࡀ✀࡜ࡋ࡚௒ࡢே㛫࡜ྠࡌ࡛࠶ࡿಖドࡣ࡞࠸ࡋ㸪 1 ൨ᖺࢫࢣ࣮

࡛ࣝࡣ኱㝣ࡢᙧࡀኚࢃࡾ㸪10 ൨ᖺࢫࢣ࣮࡛ࣝࡣࡑࡶࡑࡶኴ㝧ࡀᚎࠎ࡟᫂ࡿࡃ࡞ࡿࡢ࡛☜ᐇ

࡟ ᬮ໬ࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚ 70 ൨ᖺᚋ࡟ࡣኴ㝧ࡀᑑ࿨ࢆ㏄࠼ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞㐲ᮍ᮶ࡢࡇ࡜ࢆ⪃࠼

࡚ࡶࡋࡻ࠺ࡀ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ពぢࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ኴ㝧άືࡢ⃭ኚ㸪ᑠኳయࡢ⾪✺㸪኱つᶍ࡞ⅆᒣάື

࡞࡝࡟ࡼࡾ㸪1000 ᖺࡼࡾࡎࡗ࡜▷࠸᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮࡛ࣝᆅ⌫⎔ቃࡢ኱ኚືࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡉࢀࡿྍ

⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿ㸬1000 ᖺ࡟ 1 ᅇ⛬ᗘ࡛㉳ࡁࡿ㢖ᗘࡢ஦㇟ࡀ↓どࡋ࡚ࡼ࠸ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࢆ㸪 ᡃࠎࡣ 2011 ᖺࡢᮾ᪥ᮏ኱㟈⅏࡛ᛮ࠸▱ࡽࡉࢀࡓ㸬

↓ㄽ㸪ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡀ㸪⌧ᅾ⥭ᛴ࡜࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿၥ㢟㸪౛࠼ࡤᆅ⌫ ᬮ໬ࡢ㜵Ṇࡸ⏕≀

ከᵝᛶࡢಖᏑ࡞࡝ࢆ▸ᑠ໬ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡇ࡜ࡣᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ㸬ࡓࡔ㸪౛࠼ே

Ⅽⓗ࡟ࢺ࣮ࣜ࢞ࡉࢀࡓ⎔ቃኚື࡛࠶ࡗ࡚ࡶேⅭⓗ࡟Ṇࡵࡽࢀࡿ࡜ࡣ㝈ࡽ࡞࠸㸬ே㢮ࡀᑐᛂࢆ

ㄗࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡋ㸪ㄗࡽ࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ୍᪦ኚࢃࡾጞࡵࡓ⎔ቃࡣᡠࡏ࡞࠸࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬ᮍ᮶ࡢ ࡓࡵ࡟ᡃࠎࡀ࡞ࡍ࡭ࡁࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ኚືࡀ㑊ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸࠿ࡽ࡜࠸ࡗ࡚⹫↓ⓗ࡟࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪

࡛ࡁࡿࡔࡅኚືࢆᢚ࠼ࡘࡘ㸪▷ᮇⓗ࡞ኚື࡟⪏ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪㛗ᮇⓗ࡞ኚື࡟ࡺࡿࡸ࠿࡟㐺ᛂ࡛

ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞♫఍ࢆ⠏࠸࡚ࡺࡃࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢᐇ⌧ࡢࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ᏱᐂࡢṔྐࡢ୰࡛ᆅ⌫࡜ே

㢮ࢆぢࡿどⅬࢆ㸪♫఍ࡢ኱ከᩘࡢᵓᡂဨࡀឤぬⓗ࡞࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝඹ᭷ࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬ࡑ

ࢀ࡟ࡣಶࠎࡢ⛉ᏛᡂᯝࢆⓎಙࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ୙༑ศ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ⣧⢋࡟▱ⓗ࡞Ⴀࡳ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᏱᐂ⛉

Ꮫࡣ㸪ࡓࡔ▱㆑ࢆ✚ࡳୖࡆࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ࡑࡢᡂᯝࡀ♫఍ࡢ௚ࡢ㒊ศ࡜⼥ྜࡋ㸪ேࠎࡢᛮ᝿㸪

ᩥ໬࡟⤌ࡳ㎸ࡲࢀ࡚ࡺࡃࡇ࡜࡛ྠ᫬௦ⓗ࡞♫఍ⓗព⩏ࢆᣢࡘ㸬ࡑࢀࡣ⛉Ꮫࡀ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋࡓୡ

⏺ࡢጼ࡜ே㛫࡜ࡢ㛵ಀ㸪ࡘࡲࡾ⌧௦ࡢ⚄ヰࢆ㸪ဴᏛ㸪ᩥᏛ㸪ⱁ⾡࡞࡝ᵝࠎ࡞ほⅬ࠿ࡽᥥࡁࡔ ࡍࡇ࡜࡛ᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸬ࡇࡇ࡛ࡶ㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ࣭Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝࡟ᦠࢃࡿ⪅࡜㸪ேᩥ࣭

♫఍⛉Ꮫࡢ◊✲⪅㸪ࡉࡽ࡟ࡣⱁ⾡ᐙࡸᩥᏛ⪅࡜ࡢᑐヰ࡜༠ྠࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿ㸬

㸦㸲㸧Ᏹᐂ᫬௦ࡢ♫఍࡜ᩥ໬ⓗከᵝᛶ

ኚື࡟㐺ᛂࡍࡿ㝿࡟ᚲせ࡞ࡢࡣከᵝᛶ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ᆅ⌫ୖࡢ⏕࿨ࡣ㐍໬ࡢṔྐࡢ୰࡛ከᵝ࡞✀

࡟㐍໬ࡋ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞≉ᚩࢆⓎ㐩ࡉࡏࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪Ỉ୰࠿ࡽ㝣ᆅࡲ࡛㸪ᆅ⌫ୖࡢᵝࠎ࡞⎔ቃ࡟㐺ᛂ ࡋ࡚⏕Ꮡᅪࢆᣑ኱ࡋ㸪ࡲࡓᆅ⌫つᶍࡢ⎔ቃࡢ⃭ኚࢆ⏕ࡁᘏࡧ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬⎔ቃᨐ஘࡟ᑐࡋ࡚⏕ែ

⣔ࡀ⪏ᛶࢆᣢࡘࡓࡵ࡟ࡶ㸪⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡢ㔜せᛶࡀὀ┠ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ

29

㸬୍᪉ே㛫ࡣ✀࡜ࡋ࡚ࡣ ༢୍ࡔࡀ㸪⛉Ꮫ࣭ᢏ⾡ࡢⓎ㐩࡜ᩥ໬ࡢከᵝ໬࡟ࡼࡾ㸪ᵝࠎ࡞⎔ቃ࡟ᑐᛂࡋ࡚ࡁࡓ

29,30

㸬ኚ໬

ࡋ⥆ࡅࡿ⎔ቃ࡜♫఍࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡟ᩥ໬ⓗከᵝᛶࡀ኱ษࡔ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡑࡢࡶࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪

኱ࡁ࡞཯ㄽࡀ⪺࠿ࢀࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝࡞࠸㸬

ࡋ࠿ࡋ⌧ᅾ㉳ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪㍺㏦ᡭẁ࡜᝟ሗ㏻ಙᢏ⾡ࡢⓎ㐩࡟ࡼࡿࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬࡜㸪ࡑ

(15)

ࢀ࡟క࠺ᆅᇦᩥ໬ࡢ⾶㏥࡜ᩥ໬ࡢ⏬୍໬ࡔ࡜ゝࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡑࡋ࡚㸪Ᏹᐂ࠿ࡽぢࡓᆅ⌫ࡢ࢖

࣓࣮ࢪࡀࡶࡓࡽࡋࡓࠕᏱᐂ⯪ᆅ⌫ྕࠖ ࡜࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡣ㸪࠶ࡿព࿡✲ᴟࡢࢢ࣮ࣟࣂࣝ໬࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 Ᏹᐂⓗ᫬㛫ࢫࢣ࣮࡛ࣝぢࡓ࡜ࡁ࡟㑊ࡅࡽࢀ࡞࠸ኚື࡟ᑐᛂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᩥ໬ⓗከᵝᛶࢆ㸪Ᏹᐂ

ⓗ✵㛫ࢫࢣ࣮࡛ࣝぢࡓᆅ⌫ࡢጼࡀᾘࡋཤࡾࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࢀࡤၥ㢟࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸬 ࡔ࠿ࡽ࡜ゝࡗ࡚ࢼ࢖࣮ࣈ࡟ከᵝᛶࢆㆭ࠼ࡿࡔࡅ࡛࠸࠸ࡣࡎࡶ࡞࠸㸬 ከᵝᛶࡣ୍Ṍ㛫㐪࠼ࡤ

ࣂࣛࣂࣛ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ಶࠎࡢࣉ࣮࣮ࣞࣖࡀ⮬ᕫࡢ฼┈ࡢࡳࢆ㏣ồࡍࡿத࠸ࡢሙ࡜࡞ࡗ

࡚ࡋࡲ࠺㸬ఱࡽ࣮ࣝࣝࡶᐃࡵࡎඹ㏻ࡢ౯್ほࡶᣢࡓࡎ㸪୓ேࡢ୓ே࡟ᑐࡍࡿ㜚தࢆᏱᐂ࡛෌

⌧ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ᙜ↛ࡢࡇ࡜࡞ࡀࡽᮃࡲࡋࡃ࡞ࡃ㸪⌧ᐇⓗ࡞࢜ࣉࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡶ࡞࠸㸬୍᪉㸪ே㢮 ࡀࡇࡢඛ࡟ᚅࡕཷࡅࡿᵝࠎ࡞ኚື࡟㐺ᛂࡋ࡚⏕ࡁࡢࡧ㸪๰㐀ⓗ࡞άືࢆ⥆ࡅࡿࡓࡵ࡟ࡣ㸪ከ ᵝᛶࢆኻ࠺ࡇ࡜ࡣ኱ࡁ࡞ࣜࢫࢡ࡜࡞ࡿ㸬

Ᏹᐂ᫬௦ࡢ♫఍࡟࠾ࡅࡿከᵝᛶࡢព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪➹⪅ࡀி㒔ࡢ⚾❧኱Ꮫ࡛ 225 ྡࢆᑐ㇟

࡟⾜ࡗࡓ࢔ࣥࢣ࣮ࢺ࡛ࡣ௨ୗࡢࡼ࠺࡞⤖ᯝࡀฟࡓ

31

㉁ၥ 1㸸Ᏹᐂ࡟ఫࡳࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍ࠿㸽

ᅇ⟅㸸1. ࡣ࠸㸦67 ྡ㸪30%㸧 2. ࠸࠸࠼㸦158 ྡ㸪70%㸧

㉁ၥ 2㸸ே㢮㸦඲ဨ࡛࡞ࡃ࡚ࡶ୍㒊࡛ࡼ࠸㸧ࡣ࠸ࡘ࠿㸪ᆅ⌫ࢆ㞳ࢀ࡚Ᏹᐂ࡟ࠕఫࡴࠖࡼ࠺࡟

࡞ࡿ࡜ᛮ࠸ࡲࡍ࠿㸽

ᅇ⟅㸸1. ࡑ࠺ᛮ࠺㸦167 ྡ㸪74%㸧 2. ࡑ࠺ࡣᛮࢃ࡞࠸㸦58 ྡ㸪26%㸧

㉁ၥ 3 㸸ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡟ఫࡴࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡗࡓ᫬ࡢ♫఍ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡜ࡋ࡚࡝ࡕࡽࡀࡼࡾᮃࡲࡋ࠸࡜ᛮ

࠸ࡲࡍ࠿㸽

ᅇ⟅㸸1. ⛛ᗎࢆ㔜どࡋ࡚⤫୍ࡉࢀࡓᏱᐂᨻᗓ㸦71 ྡ㸪32%㸧 2. ከᵝᛶࢆ㔜どࡋ࡚⮬⏤࡞

Ⓨᒎ㸦154 ྡ㸪68%㸧

㉁ၥ 3 ࠕᏱᐂᒃఫ᫬௦ࡢ♫఍ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࠖ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚㸪⌧ᐇⓗ࡞㑅ᢥ࡜࠸࠺ࡼࡾࡣゝⴥࡢ㡪ࡁ ࡢⰋࡉ࡟ឤぬⓗ࡟཯ᛂࡋࡓ㠃ࡶ࠶ࡿࡼ࠺࡟ᛮࢃࢀࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀ࡛ࡶከᵝᛶ㔜どὴࡀࢲࣈࣝࢫࢥ

࢔࡛ከ࠿ࡗࡓࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ከᵝᛶࢆホ౯ࡍࡿ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ⏬୍໬ࡉࢀࡓୡ⏺ࢆዲࡲࡋࡃ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࡿ

⪃࠼᪉ࡀᾐ㏱ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬୍᪉ከᵝᛶ㔜どࡢẚ⋡ࡣ㸪㉁ၥ 2 ࠕே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡟ఫࡴ࡜

ᛮ࠺࠿ࠖࡢᅇ⟅࡟ࡣ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝౫ࡽ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡀ㸪㉁ၥ 1 ࠕᏱᐂ࡟ఫࡳࡓ࠸࡜ᛮ࠺࠿ࠖ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚

ࡣ㸪ࡣ࠸࡜⟅࠼ࡓ 67 ྡ୰㸪⛛ᗎ㔜どࡀ 31 ྡ㸦46%㸧㸪ከᵝᛶ㔜どࡀ 36 ྡ㸦54%㸧ࡔࡗࡓ ࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ㸪࠸࠸࠼࡜⟅࠼ࡓ 158 ྡ୰㸪⛛ᗎ㔜どࡀ 40 ྡ㸦25%㸧㸪ከᵝᛶ㔜どࡣ 118 ྡ㸦75%㸧 ࡔࡗࡓ㸬࠸ࡊᐇ㝿࡟⮬ศࡀఫࡴ࡜࡞ࢀࡤ㸪⌧ᐇၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚⛛ᗎࡀ࡞࠸࡜ᅔࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡔࢁ

࠺࠿㸬

ࣦࣞ࢕=ࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢫࡣࠕே㢮ࡀ⏕Ꮡࡋ࡚ࡺࡃࡓࡵ࡟ᚲせ࡞ከᵝᛶࡢ᭱㐺್ࠖ

21

ࡀ࠶ࡿ࡜࠸

࠺㸬ᐇ㝿࡟ࡣ⛛ᗎ࡜ከᵝᛶࡢࣂࣛࣥࢫࡀ㔜せ࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬ከᵝᛶࢆᢸಖࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪த࠸ࢆ㜵ࡄ

ࡼ࠺࡞ఱࡽ࠿ࡢඹ㏻ࡢ࣮ࣝࣝࡸඹ㏻ࡢ౯್ほࢆ࠸࠿࡟ࡋ࡚⠏ࡃ࠿ࡣ㸪ISTS ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝

ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠕᏱᐂ᫬௦ࡢே㛫࣭♫఍࣭ᩥ໬ࠖ࡟࠾࠸࡚ࡶ㆟ㄽࡀ஺ࢃࡉࢀࡓ

4

㸬ከᵝ࡞ᩥ໬࣭ᛮ

(16)

᝿ࢆ⏬୍࣭ᆒ㉁໬ࡍࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ከᵝᛶࢆໟྵࡋά࠿ࡋࡘࡘ㸪▩┪ࡸ⾪✺ࢆྲྀࡾ㝖࠸࡚ㄪ

࿴ࢆᅗࡿ⾡ࢆᡃࠎࡣ᥈ࡽ࡞ࡅࢀࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸㸬

ࡋ࠿ࡋ࡞ࡀࡽ㸪ࠕከᵝᛶࡢ᭱㐺್ࡀ࠶ࡿࠖ࡜ࡍࡿ⪃࠼࡟⮬ࡽ▩┪ࡍࡿࡼ࠺ࡔࡀ㸪ࣦࣞ࢕=

ࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢫࡣࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌮᝿ㄽ࡟ᑐࡋᐜ㉧࡞࠸ゝⴥࢆᾎࡧࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜࡟ࡶゝཬࡋ࡚࠾ࡃ㸬

࠾ࡑࡽࡃ⚾ࡓࡕࡣ㸪ᖹ➼࡜༤ឡࡀ࠸ࡘࡢ᪥࠿ࣄࢺࡢ࠶࠸ࡔ࡟㸪ከᵝᛶࢆᦆ࡞࠺ࡇ࡜࡞ࡃᐇ

⌧ࡉࢀࡿክࢆᥥ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡔࢁ࠺㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ㸪ே㢮ࡀ㸪࠿ࡘ࡚๰㐀ࡋᚓࡓ౯್ࡢࡳࡢ୙ẟ࡞ᾘ

㈝⪅࡜࡞ࡾ㸪ளὶࡢసရ࡜⢒㞧࡛ᗂ⛶࡞Ⓨ᫂ࢆ⏕ࡳฟࡍࡇ࡜࡟⏑ࢇࡌࡓࡃ࡞࠸࡞ࡽࡤ㸪ே㢮 ࡣ㸪┿ࡢ๰㐀ࡀ㸪␗࡞ࡗࡓ౯್ほ࠿ࡽࡢ࿧ࡧ࠿ࡅ࡟ࡓ࠸ࡍࡿ࠶ࡿព࿡ࡢ⫈ຊ㞀ᐖࢆ᝿ᐃࡋ㸪 ࡑࢀࡀ␗࡞ࡗࡓ౯್ほࡢᣄྰ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣࡑࡢྰᐃ࡟ࡲ࡛ࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㸪Ꮫࡤ࡞

ࡃ࡚ࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸

32

ᖹ➼ࡸ༤ឡ࡜࠸ࡗࡓ㸪ᖹ࿴࡞⛛ᗎࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿࡢ࡟᭷⏝࡜⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿඹ㏻ࡢ౯್ほࡀ㸪ከᵝ ᛶ࡜ᮏ㉁ⓗ࡟┦ᐜࢀ࡞࠸ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ࡜ࡍࡿᴟࡵ࡚ཝࡋ࠸ᣦ᦬ࡔࡀ㸪⛛ᗎ࡜ከᵝᛶࡢ୧❧ࡀᐇ 㝿ၥ㢟࡜ࡋ࡚ᅔ㞴࡞ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞▩┪ࢆྵࢇࡔヨࡳ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜ࡣぬ࠼࡚࠾ࡃ࡭ࡁ ࡔࢁ࠺㸬

࡜ࡇࢁ࡛Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡣே㢮࠿ࡽከᵝᛶࢆዣ࠺ࡤ࠿ࡾ࡞ࡢࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸽 ࣦࣞ࢕=ࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢫ ࡣ᪥ᮏ࡛ࡢㅮ₇ࡢ୰࡛㸪♫఍⛉Ꮫ㸪ேᩥ⛉Ꮫ඲యࡢ࡞࠿࡛ே㢮Ꮫࡀ༨ࡵࡿ఩⨨ࡣ㸪≀⌮Ꮫ㸪

⮬↛⛉Ꮫࡢ࡞࠿࡛ኳᩥᏛࡀ༨ࡵࡿ఩⨨࡟┦ᙜࡍࡿ࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜ࡶ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ

21

㸬ࡇࢀࡣ㸪ኳᩥ

Ꮫࡀࡑࡢᑐ㇟࠿ࡽࡢ㐲ࡉࡢࡓࡵ࡟࠿࠼ࡗ࡚ᑐ㇟ࢆᢳ㇟໬ࡋ㸪≀⌮ⓗ࡞ᮏ㉁ࢆᢤࡁฟࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ

ྍ⬟࡟࡞ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡟㸪ᮍ㛤ࡢẸ᪘ࢆᑐ㇟࡜ࡋࡓே㢮Ꮫࡶࡲࡓ㸪ᑐ㇟࡬ࡢ㐲ࡉ࡟㉳ᅉࡍࡿᢳ㇟

໬ࡀே㛫ࡸ♫఍ࡢᮏ㉁ⓗ࡞㒊ศࢆぢࡿࡇ࡜ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡋࡓ࡜࠸࠺ព࿡ࡔࡀ㸪ࡇࢀࡣูࡢㄞࡳ᪉

ࢆࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࠿㸬ࡘࡲࡾ㸪ኳᩥᏛ㸦ࡼࡾ୍⯡ⓗ࡟ࡣᏱᐂ⛉Ꮫ㸧ࡀ㸪ࣈࣛࢵ

ࢡ࣮࣍ࣝࡸ୰ᛶᏊᫍ㸪ኴ㝧⣔እࢆྵࡴᵝࠎ࡞ᝨᫍ࡞࡝㸪≀⌮ⓗᏱᐂ࡟࠸࠿࡟ከᵝ࡞࠶ࡾ᪉ࡀ

࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜࡜㸪 ே㢮Ꮫࡣே㛫ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉ࡀ࠸࠿࡟ከᵝ࡛࠶ࡿ࠿ࢆ᫂ࡽ࠿࡟

ࡋ࡚ࡁࡓࡇ࡜ࡢ࢔ࢼࣟࢪ࣮࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡉࡽ࡟ゝ࠼ࡤ㸪Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫࡀ≀⌮ⓗ⎔ቃࡢከᵝᛶࢆ♧ࡋ㸪 Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ㸦ࢆྍ⬟࡟ࡍࡿᢏ⾡㸧ࡀᏱᐂࡢከᵝ࡞⎔ቃ࡬ே㢮ࡢ⏕Ꮡᅪࢆᣑ኱ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡣ㸪ே㛫㸪

♫఍㸪ᩥ໬ࡢ࠶ࡾ᪉࡟㸪ᆅ⌫ୖ࡛ࡣぢ࠸ࡔࡏ࡞࠿ࡗࡓ᪂ࡓ࡞ከᵝᛶࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ࡜ࡶᮇᚅࡉࢀ

ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ

33

ࣦࣞ࢕=ࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢫ࡟ࡼࢀࡤ㸪ࠕ๰㐀࡟‶ࡕࡓ೧኱࡞᫬௦࡜ࡣ㸪㐲ࡃ㞳ࢀࡓࣃ࣮ࢺࢼ࣮࡜

่⃭ࢆ୚࠼ྜ࠼ࡿ⛬ᗘ࡟᝟ሗ஺᥮ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ࡋ࠿ࡶࡑࡢ㢖ᗘ࡜㏿ᗘࡣ㸪㞟ᅋ࣭ಶே㛫࡟୙ྍḞ ࡢቨࢆᑠࡉࡃࡋࡍࡂ࡚஺᥮ࡀᐜ᫆࡟࡞ࡾ㸪⏬୍໬ࡀ㐍ࡳከᵝᛶࡀぢኻࢃࢀ࡞࠸⛬ᗘ࡟␃ࡲࡗ

࡚࠸ࡓ᫬௦࡛ࠖ࠶ࡿ

21

㸬⌧ᅾࡢᆅ⌫ࡣ㸪ಶே࣭㞟ᅋ㛫ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡢ㢖ᗘ࡜㏿ᗘࡣ㸪

⏬୍໬ࡀ㐍ࡴ᪉࡟࠶ࡿ࡜ゝ࠼ࡿࡔࢁ࠺㸬ࡔࡀ࠸ࡘ࠿ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ✵㛫ࡸ௚ࡢኳయ࡟ᗈࡀࢀࡤ㸪

஫࠸ࡢ⾜ࡁ᮶ࡸࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥࡀ࠶ࡿ⛬ᗘ㝈ࡽࢀ㸪๰㐀ⓗ࡞ከᵝᛶࢆ⫱ࡴࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ

᫬௦ࡀࡲࡓࡸࡗ࡚ࡃࡿ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬ே㢮ࡀᆅ⌫࡬␃ࡲࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ㝈ࡾ㸪Ᏹᐂ࠿ࡽࡢどⅬࡣᩥ

(17)

໬ࢆ⏬୍໬ࡍࡿ᪉ྥ࡟ാࡃࡀ㸪ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬㐍ฟࡍࢀࡤ㸪Ᏹᐂࡣከᵝᛶࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍྍ⬟ᛶࡀ

࠶ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡴࡋࢁ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ከᵝᛶࡢ๰㐀ࡇࡑ㸪ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬㐍ฟࡍࡿ᭱኱ࡢព⩏࡛

࠶ࡿ࡜ࡶゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࠿ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸㸬

㸦㸳㸧ᛮ⪃ᐇ㦂࡜ᩍ⫱ࡢ㢟ᮦ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᏱᐂ

ᐇ㝿࡟ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬ᒃఫࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡟࡞ࡿ࡟ࡣ㸪ᢏ⾡ⓗ࡟ࡶ་Ꮫⓗ࡟ࡶᵝࠎ࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ࠶ࡿ

5

㸬 ࡋ࠿ࡋୖ࡛㏙࡭ࡓࡼ࠺࡞Ᏹᐂ᫬௦ࡢ♫఍࡜ᩥ໬࡜࠸ࡗࡓၥ㢟ࡀ㸪ᢏ⾡ⓗ㸪་Ꮫⓗ⌮⏤࡛⤖ᒁ

ே㢮ࡣᏱᐂ࡬ఫࡲ࡞࠸࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡟࡞ࢀࡤ඲ࡃព࿡ࡣ࡞ࡃ࡞ࡿ࠿࡜ゝ࠼ࡤ㸪ࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞࠸࡜

⪃࠼ࡿ㸬

࣐ࣥ࢞ᐙ࡛ࠗᆅ⌫࡬㸬 㸬㸬࠘࡞࡝Ᏹᐂࢆ⯙ྎ࡟ࡋࡓ SF సရࡶከ࠸➉ᐑ᝴Ꮚி㒔⢭⳹኱Ꮫ࣐

ࣥ࢞Ꮫ㒊㛗ࡣ㸪 ࠗSF ࡣே㛫ࡀᏑᅾ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࠕࢩࣅ࢔࡞⎔ቃࠖࢆᥦ౪ࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࢀࡣࣄࢺ࡟ࠕ⏕

ࡁࡿࡇ࡜ࠖࢆ෌⪃ࡉࡏࡿ࠘࡜ SF ࢆᥥࡃືᶵࡢ୍ࡘࢆ㏙࡭࡚࠸ࡿ

35

㸬౛࠼ࡤ࢚ࠗࢹࣥ 2185࠘

࡛ࡣ㸪௚ᫍ࡬⛣ẸࡍࡿᏱᐂ⯪ࡢ୰࡛㸪୺ேබࡣᆅ⌫࡟ᘬࡁ㏉ࡋࡓࡀࡿໃຊࢆ᢯ẅࡍࡿ

35

㸬ᆅ

⌫࡟ᘬࡁ㏉ࡏࡤ඲ဨ࡟◚⁛ࡀᚅࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀศ࠿ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ᫬㸪 ୺ேබࡢ⾜Ⅽࡣṇᙜ໬ࡉ

ࢀᚓࡿࡔࢁ࠺࠿㸽ࡉࢀ࡞࠸࡜ࡍࢀࡤࡑࡢ᰿ᣐࡣ࡝ࡇ࡟ồࡵࢀࡤࡼ࠸ࡢ࠿㸽ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᴟ➃

࡞ሙ㠃タᐃࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡿᏱᐂࢆ⯙ྎ࡟ࡋࡓᛮ⪃ᐇ㦂ࡣ㸪 ⌧ᅾᆅୖ࡟⏕ࡁࡿே㛫࡜♫఍ࡑࡢ

ࡶࡢ࡟ᑐࡋ࡚ᵝࠎ࡞♧၀ࢆ୚࠼࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

Ᏹᐂ࡜࠸࠺㢟ᮦࡀᣢࡘࡇࡢ࣓ࣜࢵࢺࢆᩍ⫱⌧ሙ࡟ά࠿ࡍ࡭ࡃ㸪➹⪅ࢆྵࡴி㒔኱Ꮫࡢᩍ⫋

ဨࡸி㒔ᗓෆࡢᑠ୰㧗ᰯࡢඛ⏕㸪኱Ꮫ⏕࡞࡝࠿ࡽ࡞ࡿ᭷ᚿࢢ࣮ࣝࣉࡣࠕᏱᐂ⟽⯚࣮࣡ࢡࢩࣙ

ࢵࣉࠖࢆ㛤Ⓨ࣭ᐇ㊶ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ

36

㸬ࡇࢀࡣᏱᐂ࡟ᘬࡗ㉺ࡋࡍࡿ⟽⯚࡟࡝ࢇ࡞⏕ࡁ≀ࢆ㍕ࡏࡿ࠿㸪

࡜࠸࠺タᐃࢆ㍈࡟㸪 ࠕࢦ࢟ࣈࣜࡣ㐃ࢀ࡚ࡺࡃ࡭ࡁ㸽ࠖ ࠕ஌⤌ဨ㸦࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ㍕ࡏࡿື≀㸧ࡢ㑇ఏ Ꮚデ᩿࡟ࡼࡿ㑅ᢤࡣチࡉࢀࡿ㸽ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓᵝࠎ࡞ၥ࠸ࢆཧຍ⪅ࡀ୍⥴࡟⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚㸪 ᆅ⌫⎔ቃࡸ⏕࿨㸪ே㛫ࡢ౯್ほ࡞࡝ከゅⓗ࡟ぢ┤ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡀ⤯ᑐⓗ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪⎔ቃ

ࡸ≧ἣ࡟ࡼࡗ࡚ኚࢃࡾᚓࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࡇ࡜Ẽ࡙ࡃࡇ࡜㸪ࡑࡋ࡚⛉Ꮫⓗ࡟ࡣ⟅࠼ࡢฟ࡞࠸ၥ࠸

ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿຊࢆࡘࡅࡿࡇ࡜ࢆ┠ⓗ࡟ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛࡟ி㒔ᗓෆࢆ୰ᚰ࡟㸪ᑠ୰㧗ᰯ

ࡸ⛉Ꮫ࢖࣋ࣥࢺ࡞࡝࡛ 10 ᩘᅇ௨ୖ㛤ദࡋ࡚᮶࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ཧຍ⪅࠿ࡽࡣ㸪⏕ࡁ≀ࡸᏱᐂࡢࡇ࡜

ࢆⰍࠎ࡞ゅᗘ࠿ࡽᏛ࡭࡚ࡼ࠿ࡗࡓ࡜࠸ࡗࡓឤ᝿௨እ࡟ࡶ㸪 ࠕⲡࢆ඲㒊㣗࡭ࡘࡃࡋࡕࡷࡗࡓࡽ

ⲡ㣗ື≀ࡣ⫗㣗ື≀࡟࡞ࡗࡕࡷ࠺ࡢ࠿࡞㸽㸦ᑠᏛ⏕㸧ࠖ 㸪ࠕᙧࡢ࠶ࡿࡶࡢࡋ࠿ᣢࡗ࡚⾜࠿࡞ࡃ

࡚࠸࠸ࢇ࡛ࡍ࠿㸽࡝ࢇ࡞ไᗘࡀ࠸ࡿࢇࡔࢁ࠺㸽㸦㧗ᰯ⏕㸧 ࠖ࡞࡝㸪ࡑࢀ⮬㌟ࡀᏛ⾡◊✲࡟್

ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞ၥ࠸ࡀ⮬ࡽⓎࡏࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ᅛᐃ໬ࡋࡓᖖ㆑࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀ࡞࠸ࡇ࠺ࡋࡓⓎ᝿ࢆ࿧ࡧ㉳ࡇࡍࡢࡶ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡜࠸࠺㢟ᮦࡀᣢࡘຊ

࡛࠶ࢁ࠺㸬Ᏹᐂ᫬௦ࡢ♫఍࡜ᩥ໬ࢆ⪃࠼ࡿ஦ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ࡜࠸࠺≉Ṧ࡞≧ἣ࡟㝈ᐃࡉࢀࡓၥ㢟ࢆ

⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬Ᏹᐂࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࡇ࡜࡛㸪୰㛗ᮇⓗ࡟ᡃࠎࡀ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞♫఍ࢆ⠏࠸࡚ࡺࡃ

࡭ࡁ࠿࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪♫఍≧ἣࡸᨭ㓄ⓗ౯್ほ࡞࡝⌧௦࡟࠾ࡅࡿᵝࠎ࡞ไ⣙࡟࡜ࡽࢃࢀࡿࡇ࡜࡞

ࡃ㸪ከᵝ࡞ྍ⬟ᛶࢆ᥈ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ㸪ே㢮ࡢᮍ᮶ࡢ㑅ᢥ⫥ࢆቑࡸࡍࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

(18)

㸳㸬ࡲ࡜ࡵ

ࡇࡢㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪ே㢮ࡀᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃ㝿ࡣ࡝ࡢࡼ࠺࡞ၥ㢟ࡀ⏕ࡌᚓࡿ࠿㸪ே㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡬⾜

ࡃࡢ࠿㸪Ᏹᐂ࡜ࡢ㛵ࢃࡾࡀே㢮࡟ఱࢆࡶࡓࡽࡍ࠿࡜࠸࠺Ⅼ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚㸪ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉ᏛⓗほⅬ

࠿ࡽ᳨ウࡋࡓ㸬Ᏹᐂ࡟㛵ࡍࡿேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫⓗ࡞ၥ㢟࡟ࡣ㸪▷ᮇⓗ࡞Ᏹᐂᨻ⟇ࡸᏱᐂ✵㛫ࡢ

࢞ࣂࢼࣥࢫࢆ࡝࠺ࡋ࡚ࡺࡃ࠿࡜࠸࠺ᐇ㝿ⓗ࡞ၥ㢟ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪Ᏹᐂ㐍ฟࡢព⩏࡜㸪୰㛗ᮇⓗ

࡞ᮍ᮶࡟࡝࠺࠸࠺♫఍ࢆ┠ᣦࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿࡜࠸࠺ဴᏛⓗ࡞ၥ࠸ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪ᚋ⪅ࡣ๓⪅ࡢᇶ♏࡜࡞ࡿ

ࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

኱ࡁ࡞ண⟬ࢆ౑࠺Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡣ㸪ࡑࡢព⩏ࢆᖖ࡟♫఍࠿ࡽၥࢃࢀ࡚

࠸ࡿ㸬⏘ᴗᛂ⏝ࡸᏳ඲ಖ㞀࡞࡝ࡢᐇ㝿ⓗ࡞࣓ࣜࢵࢺ࡛ ࡾ࡟ࡃ࠸ࡇࢀࡽࡢࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡛ࡣ㸪 ࠕክࠖࠕᕼᮃࠖᡈ࠸ࡣࠕே㢮ྐⓗ㈉⊩ࠖ࡜࠸ࡗࡓゝⴥ࡛ࡑࡢព⩏ࡀㄒࡽࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬⤒῭ᡂ㛗 ࡀ㕌ࡾ㸪᪥ᮏࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃୡ⏺ࡢ࡯࡜ࢇ࡝ࡢᅜ࡛㈈ᨻࡀ༴ᶵ࡟ℜࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ୍᪉㸪⎔ቃၥ㢟ࡸ♫

఍ಖ㞀㸪⤒῭᱁ᕪ㸪ᆅᇦ⣮த࡞࡝ࡢ㔜せㄢ㢟ࡀᒣ✚ࡳ࡟࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ⌧ᅾ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞᭕᫕࡞

ゝⴥ࡛኱つᶍࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺࡀṇᙜ໬ࡉࢀࡿࡣࡎࡣ࡞࠸

7

㸬୍᪉࡛㸪▷ᮇⓗ㸪⤒῭࣭⏘ᴗⓗ࡞

࣓ࣜࢵࢺࡔࡅ࡛ ࡿࡇ࡜ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ព⩏ࡣࡸࡣࡾ࠶ࡿࡣࡎ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡇࡢㄽᩥ࡛ࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂࡀࡶ

ࡓࡽࡍᕼᮃࡸከᵝᛶ࡜࠸࠺ほⅬ࠿ࡽࡑࡢព⩏࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ࠺ᑡࡋ❧ࡕධࡗ᳨࡚ウࡋࡓ㸬ࡋ࠿ࡋ

ࡲࡔᴫᛕⓗ࡞᳨ウ࡟㐣ࡂࡎ㸪ࡼࡾヲ⣽࡛ᐃ㔞ⓗ࡞◊✲ࡣ௒ᚋࡢㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬

Ᏹᐂࡢேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࡜ࡣ㸪㝈ᐃࡉࢀࡓࠕᏱᐂ࡟㛵ಀࡍࡿၥ㢟ࠖࢆேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉ᏛⓗほⅬ

࠿ࡽ◊✲ࡍࡿࡇ࡜ࡔࡅ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡲࡋ࡚Ᏹᐂ⛉Ꮫ㸪Ᏹᐂ㛤Ⓨ฼⏝ࡢࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢸ࢕ࡀ⮬ࡽ᥎㐍 ࡍࡿࣉࣟࢪ࢙ࢡࢺ࡟㈨ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ◊✲࡟㛢ࡌࡿࡶࡢ࡛ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪Ᏹᐂࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ே㛫࡜♫఍ࢆぢ

ࡿ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣே㛫࡜♫఍ࢆໟྵࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡜ࡋ࡚ࡢᏱᐂࢆ◊✲ࡍࡿ㸪࡜࠸࠺ࡇ࡜࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡼࡃ

࠸ࢃࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡼ࠺࡟㸪ྂ᮶㸪⮬↛⛉Ꮫ࡜ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫࡢ㛫࡟༊ูࡣ࡞࠿ࡗࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᩥ

⌮⼥ྜࢆࡵࡊࡍኌࡣࡶࡣࡸ㝞⭉࡟⪺ࡇ࠼ࡿ࡯࡝ࡔࡀ㸪ྛศ㔝ࡢ୰࡛ࡉ࠼⣽ศ໬ࡀ㐍ࢇࡔᏛၥ ࡀ෌ࡧ⼥ྜࡍࡿࡢࡣࡑ࠺⡆༢࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸬ࡔࡀᏱᐂࡣ⚄ヰࡢ᫬௦࠿ࡽே㛫ࡢෆ㠃࡜῝ࡃ㛵ࢃࡾ㸪

࠿ࡘ᭱ඛ➃ࡢ⛉Ꮫᢏ⾡ࡢሙ࡛ࡶ࠶ࡿᏱᐂࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ᱁ዲࡢሙ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏㄽᩥࢆࡑࡢ

➃⥴࡜ࡋ࡚㸪௒ᚋࡶᏱᐂ࡟࠾ࡅࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸Ꮫ⾡◊✲ࡢ㛤ᣅࢆ㐍ࡵ࡚⾜ࡁࡓ࠸࡜⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

(19)

࠙ㅰ㎡ࠚ

ࡇࡢㄽᩥࡢෆᐜࡢከࡃࡣ㸪Ᏹᐂ⥲ྜᏛ◊✲ࣘࢽࢵࢺࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ࠕே㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃ ࡢ࠿ࠖ㸪ISTS ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠕᏱᐂ᫬௦ࡢே㛫࣭ᩥ໬࣭♫఍ࠖ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ JAXA ࡁࡰ

࠺฼⏝ࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ◊✲఍ࠕᏱᐂ⏕ᏑᏛ◊✲఍࡛ࠖࡢㅮ₇㸪㆟ㄽ࠿ࡽ╔᝿ࢆᚓ࡚࠸ࡲࡍ㸬ୖグ ࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘ཬࡧࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩ࡛ࣙࣥࡢⓏቭ⪅ࡢⓙᵝ㸪௦⾲࡛࠶ࡿ➉ᐑ᝴Ꮚඛ⏕ࢆࡣ ࡌࡵ㸪Ᏹᐂ⏕ᏑᏛ◊✲఍ࡢ࣓ࣥࣂ࣮ࡢⓙᵝ࡟࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪 JAXA ேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉

Ꮫࢥ࣮ࢹ࢕ࢿ࣮ࢱࡢᒾ⏣㝧Ꮚࡉࢇ࡟ࡣ㸪 ISTS ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࡢ㛤ദ᫬࠿ࡽㄽᩥᇳ

➹᫬࡟⮳ࡿࡲ࡛኱ኚࡈ㏞ᝨࢆ࠾࠿ࡅࡋ㸪ࡲࡓ࠾ୡヰ࡟࡞ࡾࡲࡋࡓ㸬࠾♩⏦ࡋୖࡆࡲࡍ㸬

࠙ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ࠚ

౛࠼ࡤࠕ௒ᚋࡢᏱᐂᨻ⟇ࡢᅾࡾ᪉࡟㛵ࡍࡿ᭷㆑⪅఍㆟ᥦゝ᭩ࠖ

KWWSZZZNDQWHLJRMSMSVLQJLXW\XXVHLVDNXBNDLJLGDLVLU\RXBSGI

ᑠᯘബྖࠗࢺࣛࣥࢫ࣭ࢧ࢖࢚ࣥࢫࡢ᫬௦࠘177 ฟ∧

ࠕே㢮ࡣ࡞ࡐᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡢ࠿ࠖࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ

KWWSZZZNZDVDQN\RWRXDFMSXVVVV\PSRVLXPKWPOཧ↷㸬

ࣃࢿࣝࢹ࢕ࢫ࢝ࢵࢩࣙࣥࠕᏱᐂ᫬௦ࡢே㛫࣭♫఍࣭ᩥ໬࡛ࠖࡢ㆟ㄽࡢෆᐜ࡟㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ

KWWSFROODERXQLYMD[DMSLVWVUHSRUWKWPOࡢ௚㸪ᒾ⏣㝧Ꮚࠕ᪂ࡓ࡞Ᏹᐂ᫬௦฿᮶࡟ྥࡅࡓ 㐨ᚨᩍ⫱࡟࠾ࡅࡿㄢ㢟ࠖ-$;$UHSRUW࡛ࡶ㏙࡭ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬

ᮌୗ෠㞝௚ࠕᏱᐂၥ㢟࡬ࡢேᩥ࣭♫఍⛉Ꮫ࠿ࡽࡢ࢔ࣉ࣮ࣟࢳࠖࠗᅜ㝿㧗➼◊✲ᡤሗ࿌᭩ ࠘

㟷ᮌ⠇Ꮚࠗ᪥ᮏࡢᏱᐂᡓ␎࠘៞ᛂ኱Ꮫฟ∧఍

㕥ᮌ୍ேࠗᏱᐂ㛤Ⓨ࡜ᅜ㝿ᨻ἞࠘ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ

$ODLQ3RPSLGRXࠗ7KH(WKLFVRI6SDFH3ROLF\࠘81(6&2&20(67

-DFTXH$UQRXOGࠗ,FDUXV̓6HFRQG&KDQFH࠘6SULQJHU

୰ᮧᚁᶞࠕᏱᐂ࡬⾜ࡃࡇ࡜ࡢ೔⌮ⓗ࣭ဴᏛⓗㄢ㢟ࠖ➨ ᅇᏱᐂ⥲ྜᏛ◊✲ࣘࢽࢵࢺࢩ࣏ࣥࢪ࣒࢘

㈨ᩱࡣ KWWSZZZNZDVDQN\RWRXDFMSXVVVV\PSRVLXPKWPO ࠿ࡽྲྀᚓ࡛ࡁࡿ

࣮ࣦ࢛࣮࣎࣡ࣝ㟷ᰗ⍞✑ヂࠗே㛫࡟ࡘ࠸࡚࠘᪂₻ᩥᗜ

❧ⰼ㝯ࠗᏱᐂࢆㄒࡿ ,࠘୰බᩥᗜ

ࣜࢳ࣮ࣕࢻ࣭ࢻ࣮࢟ࣥࢫ㸦᪥㧗ᩄ㝯௚ヂ㸧ࠗ฼ᕫⓗ࡞㑇ఏᏊ࠘⣖ఀᅜᒇ᭩ᗑ

)ࢲ࢖ࢯࣥ㸦㙠┠ᜤኵヂ㸧ࠗᏱᐂࢆ࠿ࡁ஘ࡍ࡭ࡁ࠿࠘ࡕࡃࡲᏛⱁᩥᗜ

ᮾ኱♫◊⋞⏣᭷ྐᏱ㔝㔜つࠗᕼᮃᏛ ,ᕼᮃࢆㄒࡿ࠘ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧఍

⋞⏣᭷ྐࠗᕼᮃࡢࡘࡃࡾ᪉࠘ᒾἼ᪂᭩

ྂᕷ᠇ᑑࠗᕼᮃ㞴Ẹࡈ୍⾜ᵝ࠘ගᩥ♫᪂᭩

Ἑྜ㞙㞝ࠗᒾἼㅮᗙ᐀ᩍ࡜⛉Ꮫ࠘ᗎㄽࠕᑐヰࡢ᮲௳ࠖࡼࡾᒾἼ᭩ᗑ㸪

KWWSZZZMD[DMSSUHVVBJHVBHKWPO

㙊⏣ᮾ஧,676

&ࣦࣞ࢕ ࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢫ㸦ᕝ⏣㡰୕Ώ㎶බ୕ヂ㸧ࣦࠗࣞ࢕ ࢫࢺ࣮ࣟࢫㅮ⩏࠘ᖹซ♫

࠾ᑎ࡛ᏱᐂᏛ࡟ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣKWWSZZZNZDVDQN\RWRXDFMSXVVVRWHUDཧ↷

㜰ཱྀ⚽ᮎḟ኱㍜ⲡ㔝᏶ஓࠗ㝵ᒙᵓ㐀ࡢ⛉Ꮫ̿Ᏹᐂ࣭ᆅ⌫࣭⏕࿨ࢆࡘ࡞ࡄ᪂ࡋ࠸どⅬ࠘ᮾி኱Ꮫฟ∧

ᱵཎ⊛ࠗ௖ᩍࡢᛮ᝿ ,࠘㞟ⱥ♫

ࣁࣥࢼ࣭࢔ࣞࣥࢺᚿỈ㏿㞝ヂࠗே㛫ࡢ᮲௳࠘ࡕࡃࡲᏛⱁᩥᗜ

ఀ⸨㑥ṊࠗဴᏛሿᏱᐂࢆဴᏛࡍࡿ࠘ᒾἼ᭩ᗑ

Ⲩᕝ⤽ࠗ᪥ᮏேࡢᏱᐂほ࠘⣖ఀᅜᒇ᭩ᗑ

ࣚࣁࢿࢫ࣭ࢣࣉ࣮ࣛ㸦Ώ㎶ṇ᥎࣭ᴮᮏᜨ⨾Ꮚヂ㸧ࠗࢣࣉ࣮ࣛࡢክ࠘ㅮㄯ♫Ꮫ⾡ᩥᗜ

᪥㧗ᩄ㝯⦅ࠗᆅ⌫◊ྀ᭩ ⏕≀ከᵝᛶࡣ࡞ࡐ኱ษ࠿㸽࠘᫛࿴ᇽ

ᑎ಴᠇୍ࠕ㸷ᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞♫఍ࢆᨭ࠼ࡿᩥ໬ከᵝᛶ̿ᅜ㝿ⓗືྥࢆ୰ᚰ࡟̿ࠖࠗᣢ⥆ྍ⬟࡞♫఍ࡢᵓ⠏

⥲ྜㄪᰝሗ࿌᭩࠘ᅜ❧ᅜ఍ᅗ᭩㤋㸪㸪33

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