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博士号保持者と企業のイノベーション:

全国イノベーション調査を用いた分析

文部科学省 科学技術・学術政策研究所 1研究グループ 要旨

本稿は博士号保持者と企業のイノベーションの関係性についての研究である.文部科学省科学技 術・学術政策研究所が実施した第4回全国イノベーション調査の個票データを用いて,企業における博 士号保持者の有無がプロダクト・イノベーションやプロセス・イノベーションの実現に及ぼす影響について 分析した.分析結果によれば博士号保持者が在籍している企業はそれ以外の企業に比べて,プロダク ト・イノベーションの実現確率が 11 ポイント高く,プロセス・イノベーションの実現確率については 7­8 イント高いことが分かった.しかしながら,これらの効果は企業規模によって異なっており,小規模企業で はプロセス・イノベーションに対する効果が観察されなかった.

PhD Holders and Innovation in Firms:

An Analysis Using the Japanese National Innovation Survey

First Theory-Oriented Research Group, National Institute of Science and Technology Policy (NISTEP), MEXT

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the relationships between PhD holders and innovation in firms. We examine the effects of the existence or absence of PhD holders on the success of product and process innovations in firms, using micro data from the Fourth Round of the Japanese National Innovation Survey conducted by the National Institute of Science and Technology Policy. Our results indicate that firms with PhD holders are more likely to succeed in both product and process innovations in comparison to firms without PhD holders. The magnitudes of these effects are 11 percentage points and 78 percentage points higher, respectively. However, we also find that the effects of PhD holders differ depending on firm size. More specifically, the existence of PhD holders has no positive effects on process innovation in small-sized firms.

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