ࢪ࣭ࣙࣥࢲࣥࡢάࡢࣦࢪࣙࣥ
㸦ⱥㄒᩍ⫱ㅮᗙ㸧
➉Ọ㞝
John Donne's Vision of Resurrection Yuuji TAKENAGA
㸦ᖹᡂ㸰㸳ᖺ㸵᭶㸰㸲᪥ཷ⌮㸧
ࡣࡌࡵ
John Donne 1572-1631 㸦௨ୗ㸪ࢲࣥ␎ࡍ㸧ࡢ 1623 ᖺࡢࡢ⤒㦂ࢆᇶࡋ࡚᭩ࢀࡓリ࡛࠶ࡿ᥎ ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ Bald, 450 ͂Hymn to God my God, in my Sickness̓ ࢆ㸪ࢲࣥࡣᙼ⮬㌟ᑐࡍࡿ㑇ゝࡢゝ ⴥ࡛⥾ࡵᣓࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
And as to others' souls I preached Thy word, Be this my text, my sermon to mine own,
Therefore that He may raise, the Lord throws down.
2830
᭱ᚋࡢ୍⾜ࠕ⚄ࡣ㉳ࡇࡍࡓࡵ㸪ᢞࡆୗࢁࡍࠖࡣࢲࣥ
ࡀ⮬㌟ᑐࡋ࡚㑅ࢇࡔゝⴥ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ㄝᩍ࡛࠶ࡿࠋẼ
࠸࠺ࢥࣥࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛ࡣ㸪ࠕ㉳ࡇࡍࠖࡣẼࡢᅇ࡛࠶
ࡾ㸪ࠕᢞࡆୗࢁࡍࠖࡣ㔜㝗ࡿࡇࢆ⾲ࡋ㸪୍⯡ⓗ
࡞᐀ᩍⓗࢥࣥࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ࡛ࡣ๓⪅ࡣኳୖࡢά㸪ᚋ⪅ࡣ ⱞ㞴‶ࡕࡓ⌧ᐇୡ⏺࡛ࡢே㛫ࡢ⏕άࢆ㇟ᚩࡋ࡚࠸ࡿ
ᛮࢃࢀࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛☜ㄆࡋ࡚࠾ࡁࡓ࠸ࡇࡣ㸪➨୍㸪
Ẽ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣⱞ㞴‶ࡕࡓ⏕άࡽάࡍࡿࡇ㸦㨦ࡢ
ά㸧ࡀ᭱ᚋࡢᑂุ࠾ࡅࡿά㸦㨦⫗యࡢྠࡢ
ά㸧ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿࡇࢆࢲࣥࡀ☜ಙࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨㸪⌧ᐇୡ⏺ࡢᵝࠎ࡞ฟ᮶㸦ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ
Ẽ㸧㎸ࡵࡽࢀࡓ⚄ࡢゝⴥࢆㄞࡳྲྀࡿࡇࡀ⌧ᐇୡ⏺
࠾ࡅࡿ㨦ࡢάࢆྍ⬟ࡍࡿႠࡳ⪃࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࠼ࡤ㸪ࡇࡢリ࠾࠸࡚ࡣᝈ⪅ࡢయࡣࠕᆅᅗࠖ
࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⇕ࡣ᪂ୡ⏺ࡘࡲࡾ⚄ࡢᅜ⮳ࡿࡓࡵࡢࠕᾏᓙࠖ
࣓ࢱࣇ࣮ࡉࢀ㸪ᖹ㠃ᅗࡢすᮾࡀᆅ⌫㔜ࡡࡿ
୍ࡘ࡞ࡿࡼ࠺㸪す㸦⫗యࡢṚ㸧ࡣᮾ㸦㨦⫗యࡢ
ά㸧⤖ࡧࡘࡃ☜ಙࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ᗋࡢ
⫗యࡣ⚄ࡢゝⴥࡀ㎸ࡵࡽࢀࡓࢸ࢟ࢫࢺぢ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢリྠࡌẼࢆᇶࡋ࡚᭩ࢀࡓ᥎ᐃ ࡉ ࢀ ࡿ ᩓ ᩥ స ရ 㸪 Devotions upon Emergent Occasions㸦௨ୗ㸪Devotions␎ࡍ࡛ࡣࡇࡢࡘࡢ≉
Ⰽࡀࡉࡽᵓ㐀㸪య⣔ࡉࢀ࡚⾲ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿᛮࢃࢀ
ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞どⅬࡽ㸪௨ୗ Devotions ࡘ࠸࡚⪃
ᐹࡍࡿࠋ
Ϩ άࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㅖㄝ
ࡣࡌࡵ㸪ࢲࣥࡢ⤊ᮎほࡢ⨨࡙ࡅࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓ
ࡵ㸪Kremen, K. R. ⴭ㸪The Imagination of the
Resurrection ࢆᇶ㸪ࡑࡢ㉳※࡛࠶ࡿ⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎほ㸪
ཬࡧࡑࡢᚋࡢ17 ୡ⣖⮳ࡿࡲ࡛ࡢ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍྐ࠾ࡅ
ࡿ௦⾲ⓗ࡞⚄Ꮫ⪅ࡢ⤊ᮎほࢆᴫほࡍࡿࠋ
1) ᪧ⣙⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎほ
ᪧ⣙⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎほ࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪άࡣࡲࡎಶேࡢ⁛
ࡢ⏕ࡢ㢪ᮃࡋ࡚⌧ࢀࡿࠋάࡢ㢟ࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᵓ ᡂせ⣲ࡣṇ⩏࡞ࡿே㛫ࡣ⁛ࡢࢆᣢࡘ࠸࠺ࡇ࡛࠶
ࡿࠋḟ㸪ࡶ࠺୍ࡘࡢᇶᮏⓗ࡞ᵓᡂせ⣲࡛࠶ࡿ㸪ࢫࣛ
࢚ࣝࡢẸࡢ㞟ᅋⓗάࡀᐇ⌧ࡍࡿᩆୡࡢ⋤ᅜࡢணゝ ࡀຍࢃࡿࠋࢫ࢚ࣛࣝࡀᆅୖࡢ⋤ᅜ࢚ࣝࢧ࣒ࣞࡋ࡚
⯆ࡍࡿ࠸࠺ணゝ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢᅜᐙⓗᘓࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡓ
ࡵࡣ㸪ಶேࡢ⌮ⓗ⏕ࡀ㘽࡞ࡿࠋࡇࡢಶேᅜᐙ ࡢ㐠ࡢ┦ⓗ㛵ಀࡀᪧ⣙⪷᭩ࡢணゝࡢ≉ᚩ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋᪧ⣙⪷᭩ࡣ⌧ୡ࠾ࡅࡿ⌮ⓗ⏕ࢆྲྀࡾᢅࡗ
࡚ ࠸ ࡚ 㸪 Ṛ ᚋ ࡢ ࡣ ࢃ ࡎ ࡋ ᢅ ࢃ ࢀ ࡚ ࠸ ࡞ ࠸ࠋ 29-34
2) ᪂⣙⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎほ
᪂⣙⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎほࢆỴᐃࡍࡿ㔜せ࡞ฟ᮶ࡣ࢚ࢫ࣭
࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡢά࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣே㛫ࡢ⏕ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿࡶ
ࡢ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᚐ⾜ఏᚑ࠼ࡤ㸪㛫ⓗࡣ㸪࢟ࣜ
ࢫࢺࡢཷ㞴㸪ά㸪⮫㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡼࡿ⏕ࡅࡿ⪅㸪Ṛ ࡏࡿ⪅࡚ࡢே㛫ᑐࡍࡿ᭱ᚋࡢᑂุ㸪άࡋ࡚ኳୖࡢ
⋤ᅜ࡛ࡢỌ㐲ࡢ⥆ࡃࠋࣚࣁࢿࡢ㯲♧㘓ࡼࢀࡤ㸪⤊
ᮎࡢ୕ࡘࡢฟ᮶㸪⮫㸪ᑂุ㸪άࡣᗘ㉳ࡁࡿࡉ
ࢀࡿࠋ୍ᗘ┠ࡣ⌧ᅾࡢฟ᮶ࡋ࡚㉳ࡇࡾ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣ㨦 ࡀάࡋࡓಶேࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᐦ᥋࡞ὶࢆࡍࡿࠋᗘ┠
ࡣᮍ᮶ࡢฟ᮶ࡋ࡚㉳ࡇࡿࠋࣚࣁࢿࡣ⌧ᅾࡢಙ௮ࡀᮍ ᮶ࡢ᭱ᚋࡢᑂุࢆỴᐃࡍࡿୖ࡛㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿᩍ࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 38-40
Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that heareth my word, and believeth on him that sent me, hath everlasting life, and shall not come into condemnation but is passed from death unto life.
Verily, verily, I say unto you, The hour is coming, and now is, that they that hear shall live. John. 5:
24-25
2-1ࣃ࢘ࣟࡢ⤊ᮎほ
ά㛵ࡍࡿ᪂⣙⪷᭩ࡢᩍ࠼ࡢ୰࡛ࡶ㸪ࠗࣃ࢘ࣟ᭩࠘
ࡣṚࡍࡁࠕ⮬↛ࡢ⫗యࠖࡽ⁛ࡢࠕ㟋ⓗ⫗యࠖࡢ ኚᐜ㛵ࡍࡿ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍࡢཎ⌮ࢆ᫂░ㄝ᫂ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࣃ࢘ࣟࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡢάࡀ᪂⣙⪷᭩࠾ࡅࡿᩆ῭ࡢᅵྎ
࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢࡳ࡞ࡽࡎ㸪ே㛫ࡢάࡢ㔜せ࡞ᙧ࡞ࡗ
࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢆࠗࢥࣜࣥࢺேࡢ᭩㸯࠘➼ࡢ୰࡛ᩍ࠼࡚࠸
ࡿࠋ40-41
࣮࣐ࠗࣟேࡢ᭩࡛࠘ࡣ㸪ࣃ࢘ࣟࡣಙ௮ࡀᩆ῭ࢆ☜࡞
ࡶࡢࡍࡿࡇ㸪Ὑ♩ࡣάࡋࡓ࢟ࣜࢫࢺࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ಶே
ࡢ⏕ࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡍࡓࡵࡢ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍಙ௮ࡢ
ᘧ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆᙉㄪࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇࡣ㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺ
ࡢឡࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚⌧ୡ࠾࠸࡚⢭⚄ⓗάࢆᐇ⌧ࡍࡿࡇ㸪 ࡇࡢ⌧ୡ࠾ࡅࡿ⢭⚄ⓗάࡀ᭱ᚋࡢᑂุ࠾ࡅࡿ⫗య ࡢάࡢ๓࡞ࡿ࠸࠺ࣃ࢘ࣟࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡀὶࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 41-45
2-2㯲♧㘓⤊ᮎほ
ࠗࣚࣁࢿࡢ㯲♧㘓࠘ࡣ⤊ᮎࡢฟ᮶㸪⮫㸪ᩆୡࡢ
⋤ᅜ࡛࠶ࡿ༓ᖺ⋤ᅜࡢ᭱ึࡢά㸪⋤ᅜࡢᔂቯ㸪᭱ᚋ ࡢᑂุྥࡅ࡚ࡢ࡚ࡢ⪅ࡢά㸪᪂ࡋ࠸ኳᆅࡢ㐀㸪 ᩆࢃࢀࡓ⪅ࡀάࡋኳᅜࡢ㒔ᕷ㸪᪂࢚ࣝࢧ࣒࡛ࣞ⚄ඹ
ᬽࡽࡍỌ㐲ࡢ⏕ࡀணゝࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᪧ⣙⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎ ほࡢ㐪࠸ࡣ㸪ᪧ⣙⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎほ࡛ࡣ㸪ᆅୖ࠶ࡿᩆୡ
ࡢ⋤ᅜࡢάࡀᙉㄪࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪᪂⣙⪷᭩ࡢ⤊ᮎ ほ࡛ࡣ㸪ኳୖࡢ⚄ࡢ⋤ᅜࡢ᭱ᚋࡢάࡀ⚃⚟ࡉࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿⅬ࡛࠶ࡿࠋά㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࠗ㯲♧㘓࡛࠘ࡣ୕ࡘ ࡢάࡀㄒࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨୍ࡢάࡣṇࡋ࠸࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ ಙ௮⪅ࡢ༓ᖺ⋤ᅜࡢά࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨ࡢάࡣ᭱ᚋࡢ ᑂุྥࡅ࡚⏕⪅࠾ࡼࡧṚ⪅࡚ࡢ⪅ࡢ⫗య㨦ࡢά
࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨୕ࡢάࡣᩆࢃࢀࡓ⪅ࡢ⚄ࡢ⪷࡞ࡿ㒔ᕷ㸪᪂
࢚ࣝࢧ࣒ࣞࡢά࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ࡣάࡋࡓ⪅ࡣ⁛ࡧ
ࡿࡇࡢ࡞࠸⢭⚄ⓗ⫗యኚᐜࡋ㸪Ọ㐲ࡢࢆᚓࡿࠋ
Kremenࡣ࢘ࢢࢫࢸࢾࢫ࠾ࡼࡧࢲࣥࡣࡇࢀࡽࡢ୕ࡘ
ࡢά࠸࠺ㄝᚑࡗ࡚࠸ࡿุ᩿ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ45-50
3) ⪷࢘ࢢࢫࢸࢾࢫࡢ⤊ᮎほ
࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡢ⫗యⓗάࡀே㛫ࡢỌ㐲ࡢ⏕ࡢάࡢ
ࣔࢹ࡛ࣝ࠶ࡿࡍࡿࠋάࡣ㸰ᗘ㉳ࡁࡿࡉࢀ㸪➨୍ࡢ
άࡣὙ♩ࡼࡿ㨦ࡢά࡛࠶ࡾ㸪➨ࡢάࡣ᭱ᚋࡢ ᑂุࡼࡿ⫗య㨦ࡢά࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨୍ࡢάࡣ⚄ࡢゝ ⴥࢆ⪺ࡁ㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺࢆಙ௮ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ጞࡲࡿࡇࡢᆅୖ
࠾ࡅࡿ⢭⚄ⓗά࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨ࡢάࡣ⫗య㨦ࡢά
࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⚄ࡢᅜ⮳ࡿ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᚐࡢ᭱ᚋࡢά࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢάほ㸪➨୍ࡢ⢭⚄ⓗάࢆࡋࡓ⪅㸪⚄ࡢゝⴥࢆ⪺
ࡁ㸪ࡑࢀࢆಙ௮ࡋࡓ⪅ࡢࡳࡀ➨ࡢ⫗య㨦ࡢάࢆ⣙
᮰ࡉࢀࡿ࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉ࡣ㸪ࠗ⚄ࡢ㒔ᕷ࠘⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋ⌧ࢀ
࡚࠸ࡿࠋKremenࡣ࢘ࢢࢫࢸࢾࢫࡢάࡢᩍ⩏ࡣࢲ
ࣥࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆ࠼࡚࠸ࡿ┳࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 57-63
4) ⪷ࢺ࣐ࢫ࣭࢟ࢼࢫࡢ⤊ᮎほ
࢘ࢢࢫࢸࢾࢫᚑ࠸㸪ࢺ࣐ࢫ࣭࢟ࢼࢫࡶ➨୍ࡢ
ά➨ࡢάࢆ༊ูࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ➨୍ࡢά㛵㐃ࡋ
࡚㸪㨦ࡣṚᚋ⫗యࡽศ㞳ࡍࡿ༶ᗙᑂุࢆཷࡅࡿࠋ
᭱ᚋࡢᑂุࡢ᪥㸪࡚ࡢே㛫ࡣྠࡌ⫗య࡛⏛ࡾ㸪㨦
⤖ྜࡋ㸪ඹᑂุࢆཷࡅࡿࠋၿ⾜ࢆ✚ࢇࡔࡶࡢࡢࡳࡀ Ọ㐲ࡢ㉱ࡃࠋ⏛ࡿ⫗యࡣ⌧ᅾࡢேࠎࡢࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢ⫗
య࡛࠶ࡿࠋ➨ࡢά࡛ࡣ㸪㉁ⓗኚࢆࡋࡓ⫗యࡣ⁛
࡞ࡾ㸪⭉ᩋࡍࡿࡇࡣ࡞࠸⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢ➨ࡢ
άࡣே㛫ࡢᮃࡳࡢ࡞ࡿᡂᑵ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ே㛫ࡢ⚄ࡢ
⚃⚟ࡉࢀࡓ୍య࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼࡚࠸ࡿࠋ64-66
5) ࣝࢱ࣮ࡢ⤊ᮎほ
ࣝࢱ࣮ࡢࡓࡿ㛵ᚰࡣṚᚋࡢ⏕άࡼࡾ⌧ᅾࡢ⏕ά࠶
ࡾ㸪ᙼࡢᩍ⩏ࡢ୰࡛⤊ᮎほࡢ༨ࡵࡿྜࡣప࠸ࠋᙼࡢ⤊
ᮎほࡣ࢝ࢺࣜࢵࢡࡢ⤊ᮎほ࠶ࡲࡾ␗࡞ࡗ࡚ࡣ࠸࡞࠸ࡀ㸪
⪷᭩ࡢゝⴥࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚ࡢࡳ⚄ࡣே㛫ാࡁࡅࡿ࠸࠺ᙼ ࡢゝⴥࡢ⚄᱁ࡀᙼࡢ⤊ᮎほࡶ⤖ࡧࡘ࠸࡚࠸ࡿࠋࣝ
ࢱ࣮ࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡢ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡀᙅ࠸ゝ࠺⌮⏤࡛ࠗ㯲♧
㘓࠘ࢆ࠶ࡲࡾ㧗ࡃホ౯ࡋ࡚࠸࡞࠸ࠋ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᚐࡣᩆ῭
ࢆཷࡅࡿࡓࡵ⾜ືࡍࡁࡔ࠸࠺ᙼࡢᩍ࠼ࡣ㸪࢟ࣜ
ࢫࢺࡢ⮫ࢆ㛫㏆࡞ࡶࡢண ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡽ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪 ಙ⪅ࡣⓙ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᚑ࠸㸪⚄ࡢゝⴥࢆ⪺ࡃࡓࡵࡢ⮬⏤
㈐௵ࡀ࠶ࡿ☜ಙࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋึᮇࡢᩍ∗ࡓࡕ ࡣࠗ㯲♧㘓࠘ࢆᩥᏐ㏻ࡾゎ㔘ࡋ㸪࢘ࢢࢫࢸࢾࢫࡣࡑ
ࢀࢆ⛎㊧ࡋ࡚ゎ㔘ࡋࡓࡀ㸪ࣝࢱ࣮ࡣᐯពⓗゎ㔘ࡋࡓ ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸㸪Kremenࡣ┳࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽᙼࡣ㸪ࣝ
ࢱ࣮ࡢࡇࡢᐯពࡣಶேࡢ⪷᭩ࡢ┤᥋ⓗ⤖ࡧࡘࡁࡢ㔜 せᛶ㸪⚄ே㛫ࡢ௰⪅ࡋ࡚࢚ࢫ࣭࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡑࡢࡶ
ࡢ ࡛ ࠶ ࡿ ゝ ⴥ ࡢ ⚄ ᱁ ࡽ ᮶ ࡚࠸ ࡿ ⪃ ࠼ ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋ 66-69
6) ࣦ࢝ࣝࣥࡢ⤊ᮎほ
᐀ᩍᨵ㠉࠾࠸࡚ࡣ㸪άࡢᩍ⩏ࡣㄽதࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡞
ࡃཷࡅධࢀࡽࢀ㸪ࡑࢀࡺ࠼άࡢド᫂ࡼࡾࡶάࢆࡢ
ࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚ᐇ⌧ࡍࡿ࠸࠺ၥ㢟㸪ࡉࡽᑂุࡢᇶ‽ࡀ
㆟ㄽࡉࢀࡓࠋࡲࡓࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺࡢᩆ῭ㄽࡣಶேⓗ㸪㇟
ᚩⓗゎ㔘ࡼࡾ㛤ࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࠋࣦ࢝ࣝࣥࡢ⤊ᮎほࡣ࢝
ࢺࣜࢵࢡࡢᩍ࠼ࡸࣝࢱ࣮ࡢᩍ࠼㏆࠸ࡶࡢ࡛㸪ᇶᮏⓗ
ࡣ࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡀάࡋࡓࡽே㛫ࡶάࡍࡿ⪃࠼ࡓࠋ࢝
ࣦࣝࣥࡣṚᚋ㸪ṇࡋ࠸⪅ࡢ㨦ࡣ⤯࠼ࡎ┠ぬࡵ࡚࠸࡚㸪
⫗యࡢά㸪⚄㑅ࡤࢀࡓ⪅⚄ぢᤞ࡚ࡽࢀࡓ⪅
ᑐࡍࡿ᭱ᚋࡢᑂุࢆᚅࡕཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ⪃࠼ࡓࠋᙼࡣ➨୍
ࡢ㟋ⓗάࢆ㸪ࡑࢀࡣ᭱ᚋࡢάࢆ☜ドࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡀ㸪ᩆ῭ࡢ༳ࡋ࡚ᙼࡢணᐃㄝࡢᩍ⩏ྵࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ 69-72
,, 'HYRWLRQV XSRQ (PHUJHQW 2FFDVLRQV ࠾ࡅࡿά
ࠕ་⪅ࡀᚰ㓄ࡍࡿࠖ㢟ࡉࢀࡓ Devotion VI ࡣ
͂fear̓ ࡀ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋṚ⮳ࡿ㔜࡞Ẽ࡛࠶ࡿ
ࡶࡋࢀ࡞࠸࠸࠺Ᏻࡀᗈࡀࡿ≧ἣࡢ୰࡛㸪ࠕᏳࠖࡢ
࡞ࡢࡼ࠺࡞⚄ࡢゝⴥࡀ࠶ࡿࢲࣥࡣㄞࡳྲྀࢁ࠺
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ᳨ウࡋ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
MEDITATION ࡛ࡣ㸪Ᏻࡀ⪃ᐹࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉
ᝈ⪅ࡢᢪࡃᏳࡣࡁࡃ㸪་⪅ࡀᏳ࡞⾲ࢆぢࡏࡿ㸪 ᝈ⪅ࡢᏳࡣ་⪅ࢆ㏣࠸㉺ࡋ࡚ࡁࡃ⭾ࡽࡳ㸪་⪅ࡀ
Ᏻࢆ㞃ࡑ࠺ࡍࡿ㸪୍ᒙᏳࢆເࡽࡏࡿ࡞㸪ᗋ
࠶ࡿᝈ⪅ࡢᏳࡢࡁࡉࡀ㏙ࡽࢀࡿࠋḟ㸪Ᏻࡢぢ ࡏࡅࡑࡢᐇែࡘ࠸࡚㏙ࡽࢀࡿࠋ୍ぢឡࡢࡼ࠺
ぢ࠼ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡣᡤ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࡢឡ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪㏉ࡏࡤኻ
࠺ࡇࡢ᎖ጊࡸ㸪ᛕ‶ࡕࡓᏳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓ୍ぢ
༴㝤ࡦࡿࡲ࡞࠸ຬẼࡢࡼ࠺ぢ࠼ࡿࡇࡶ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ᐇ
ែࡣ㐣࡞ホ౯ࡢᏳ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ホ౯ࢆኻ࠺ࡇࡢ
Ᏻ࡛࠶ࡿ㏙ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡉࡽᝈ⪅⮬㌟ࡢᏳࡢ▩
┪ࡘ࠸࡚ࡶ㏙ࡽࢀࡿࠋ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᚐࡋ࡚ᝈ⪅ࡣṚ ࡀ᪩ࡲࡿࡇࡣᜍࢀ࡞࠸ࡀ㸪ࡋࡋẼࡢᝏࡣᜍࢀࡿ
ゝ࠺ࠋே㛫ࡋ࡚ẼࡢᏳࢆྰᐃࡍࢀࡤბࢆࡘࡃ ࡇ࡞ࡾ㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍᚐࡋ࡚Ṛࢆᜍࢀࡿゝ࠼ࡤ⚄
ბࢆࡘࡃࡇ࡞ࡿ㸪ᝈ⪅ࡢ▩┪ࡋࡓᚰࡀ㏙ࡽ
ࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺Ᏻࡢࡘࡢഃ㠃ࢆ᫂ࡽࡋ࡞
ࡀࡽ㸪᭱⤊ⓗࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺㏙࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
͐but as my physician's fear puts not him from his practice, neither doth mine put me from receiving from God, and man, and myself, spiritual and civil and moral assistances and consolations. VI MEDITATION
㸦ព㸧
ࠕ་⪅ࡢᏳࡣᙼࡢ⒪ࡢጉࡆ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࡢྠࡌࡃ㸪
⚾ࡢᏳࡣ㸪⚄㸪ே㸪⚾⮬㌟ࡽ㸪⢭⚄ⓗ㸪ዲពⓗ㸪㐨 ᚨⓗ៘ࡵࢆཷࡅࡿጉࡆࡣ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠖ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ㸪Ᏻࡺ࠼ᵝࠎ࡞ᨭࡀ୍ᒙ࠶ࡾࡀࡓࡃឤࡌ
ࡽࢀࡿ࠸࠺ᝈ⪅ࡢẼᣢࡕࡀ⋡┤㏙ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᭱
⤊ⓗࡣࢲࣥࡣᏳࡢ୰㎸ࡵࡽࢀࡓ⚄ࡢゝⴥࡢពࢆ
ㄞࡳྲྀࢁ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
EXPOSTULATION ࡛ࡣ㸪ࠕᏳ࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣᜍᛧࠖ࠸
࠺ゝⴥࡢᵝࠎ࡞⏝ࡀ⪷᭩ࡽᘬࢀ㸪ࡑࡢពࡀ⪃ᐹ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋᗄࡘࡢࢆୗᣲࡆࡿࠋ
ࠕ⚄ࡢ⚄⛎ࡣ⚄ࢆᜍࢀࡿ⪅ඹ࠶ࡿࠖ
͂the secret of the Lord is with them that fear him̓ Psalm. xxv. 14
ࠕ⚄ࢆᜍࢀࡿࡇࡣࡑࡢேࡢᐆ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
͂the fear of the Lord is his treasure̓ Isaiah.
xxxiii. 6.
ࠕᜍࢀࡘಙ௮↓ࡁ⪅ࡣ➨ࡢṚ࡛࠶ࡿ⇞࠼ࡿ†ⴠࡕ
ࡿࠖ
͂The fearful and the unbelieving, into that burning lake which is the second death̓ Rev. xxi. 3.
ࠕ⚄ࢆᜍࢀࡿࡇࡣཿᬛࡢጞࡲࡾ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
͂the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom̓ Psalm. cxi. 10.
ࠕ㈼ࡁ⪅ࡣ࡚ࢆᜍࢀࡿࠖ
͂A wise man will fear in everything̓ Ecclus. xviii.
27
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺㸪ࢲࣥࡣᵝࠎ࡞ࢥࣥࢸ࢟ࢫࢺࡢ୰࡛ࢃࢀ࡚
࠸ࡿ ͂fear̓ ࡢ✚ᴟⓗ࡞ព⌮ゎࢆ῝ࡵ㸪ḟࡢࡼ࠺
⤖ࢇ࡛࠸ࡿࠋ
I am abundantly rich in this, that I lie here possessed with that fear which is thy fear, both that this sickness is thy immediate correction, and not merely a natural accident, and therefore fearful, because it is a fearful thing to fall into thy hands;
and that this fear preserves me from all inordinate fear, arising out of the infirmity of nature, because
thy hand being upon me, thou wilt never let me fall out of thy hand.VI EXPOSTULATION
㸦ព㸧
ࠕ⚾ࡀᗋ࡛㇏࡞Ẽᣢࡕ࡛࠸ࡽࢀࡿࡢࡣ㸪ᜍᛧ‶ࡓ ࡉࢀ࡚ᶓࡓࢃࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࡣࡇࡢẼࡣ⚄
ࡀ༶ᗙୗࡉࢀࡓᡄࡵ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⚄ࡢᡭ୰࠶ࡿ࠸࠺ࡇ
ࡣᜍࢁࡋ࠸ࡇࡔࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢᜍᛧࡣྠ
Ẽࡽ⏕ࡌࡿ↓⛛ᗎ࡞ᜍᛧࡽ⚾ࢆᏲࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࠋ
࡞ࡐ࡞ࡽ⚄ࡀ⚾ᡭࢆᕪࡋఙ࡚ࡃࢀࡓࡽࡣ㸪⚄ࡣ Ỵࡋ࡚⚾ࢆᨺࡑ࠺ࡣࡉࢀ࡞࠸ࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
ࡇࡇ࡛ᝈ⪅ࡣẼࢆ⚄ࡢᡄࡵ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᜍᛧࡣᡄࡵࡽ⏕
ࡌ࡚࠸ࡿ᪂ࡋ࠸ㄆ㆑ࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㏫ㄝⓗ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ ᡄࡵࡣάࡢࡓࡵⅭࡉࢀࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢព࡛ᝈ⪅
ࡣᕼᮃᏳࡽࡂࢆぢฟࡑ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
PRAYER ࡛ࡣ㸪ே㛫ࡢ࡚ࡢ႐ࡧᝒࡋࡳࢆ࠼ࡿ
ឿᝒ῝࠸⚄ࡣ㸪ᕼᮃࢆ࠼ࡿࡢྠࡌࡼ࠺ே㛫Ᏻ
ࢆ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿᤊ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋே㛫ࡀᜍࢀࡿ᭱ᝏ ࡢࡶࡢ㸦⫗యࡢṚ㸧ᑐࡋ࡚ᝈ⪅ࢆ‽ഛࡉࡏ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡢ
࡛࠶ࡿࡽ㸪ᝈ⪅ࡣᏳࢆᾘࡋཤࡗ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡼ࠺⚄
ồࡵ࡚ࡣ࠸࡞࠸ࠋṥᩍ⪅ࡓࡕࡣࡃᏳ࡞ぢࡏࡿࡇ
ࡶ࡞ࡃࡇࡢୡࢆཤࡗ࡚࠸ࡗࡓࡀ㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡣࡑ࠺࡛ࡣ࡞
ࡗࡓᝈ⪅ࡣゝ࠺ࠋṥᩍ⪅ࡢሙྜࡣ㸪⚄ࡀຊ࡛‶ࡓࡋ
࡚ࡃࢀࡓࡽ㸪ே㛫௨ୖࡢࡇ㸪ࡘࡲࡾᏳࢆぢࡏࡎṚ
ࢇ࡛࠸ࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࡀ㸪⚄࡛࠶ࡿ࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡣே㛫ࡢᙅ ࡉ㸦༑Ꮠᯫୖ࡛ࡢⱞ③ࡢ⾲㸧ࢆ⾲ࡋ࡚㸪ே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࡇ
ࢆ♧ࡍᚲせࡀ࠶ࡗࡓࡽ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞⌮⏤ࡽ㸪
⌧ᅾࡢᏳࢆࡌࡿࡇࡀ↓࠸ࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚ࡃࡔࡉ࠸ᝈ
⪅ࡣ⚄♳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋẼࡢ⇕ࡀಙᚰ࠸࠺ᝈ⪅ࡢ௨ ๓ࡢᚰࡢ෭ῐࡉࢆ⁐ࡋཤࡗࡓࡁ㸪Ẽࡼࡿ㌟ࡢ
Ⓨờࡀᝈ⪅ࡢ௨๓ࡢ⇕≬ࢆ෭ࡲࡋ⤊ࢃࡗࡓࡁ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚
Ᏻࡀ௨๓ࡢᝈ⪅ࡢഫ៏ࡉ㸪↓㛵ᚰࢆ▹ṇࡋ⤊ࢃࡗࡓ
ࡁ㸪ᝈ⪅ࡀ⚄ࡼࡾ┦ᛂࡋ࠸⪅࡞ࡗࡓ┳ࡉࢀࡿࡼ
࠺♳ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
And when thou shalt have inflamed and thawed my former coldnesses and indevotions with these heats, and quenched my former coldnesses and indevotions with these sweats and inundations, and rectified my former presumptions and negiligences with these
fears, be pleased, O Lord, as one made so by thee, to think me fit for thee;VI PRAYER
ṔྐⓗどⅬ࡛⤊ᮎほࢆᩚ⌮ࡋ࡚ࡳࡿ㸪ࢲࣥࡢά
ࡢ⪃࠼᪉ࡣ㸪ᇶᮏⓗࡣ࢘ࢢࢫࢸࢾࢫࡢ⪃࠼᪉㏆
࠸ࠋ⌧ୡ࡛ࡢ⢭⚄ⓗά㸪➨୍ࡢάࡀ㸪᮶ୡ࠾ࡅࡿ
㨦⫗యࡢά㸪➨ࡢάࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿ࠸࠺⪃࠼᪉࡛
࠶ࡿࠋ୍᪉࡛➨୍ࡢάࢆ㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࢲࣥࡀ᥇ࡗࡓ ᡭἲࡣࣝࢱ࣮㸪ࣦ࢝ࣝࣥࡢࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺࡢ࢟ࣜࢫࢺ ᩍほࡁ࡞ᙳ㡪ࢆཷࡅ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡘࡲࡾ⌧ᐇୡ⏺ࡢ࡚
ࡢ㇟㸪ே㛫ࡀ⤒㦂ࡍࡿ᪥ᖖⓗ࡞ฟ᮶ࡣ⚄ࡢゝⴥࡀ ᐟࡗ࡚࠸࡚㸪ࡑࢀࡽࢆ⚄ࡢゝⴥࡋ࡚ṇࡋࡃㄞࡳゎࡃࡇ
㸪ࡑࢀࡼࡗ࡚ಙ௮ࢆ῝ࡵ࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡀಙ௮⪅ࡢ⩏ົ
࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ࡇࡼࡗ࡚῝ࡵࡽࢀࡓಙ௮႐ࡧ ࡀᆅୖ࠾ࡅࡿ㨦ࡢά࡞ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࠋࢲࣥ⮬㌟
ࡢ㔜య㦂ࢆᇶࡋ࡚᭩ࢀࡓ Devotions ࡣ㸪ᙼࡢ⤊
ᮎほࢆ᥈ࡿୖ࡛㔜せ࡞ᩓᩥసရ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢసရࡢㄞࡳ
᪉ࡘ࠸࡚㸪Wilcox ࡣḟࡢࡼ࠺♧၀ᐩࡴどⅬࢆᥦ ౪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
Fundamental to these poems is a view of the world which sees it as always potentially emblematic:
events, sights, or experiences, however ordinary or apparently unspiritual, are bearers of the Word if rightly interpreted.155
㸦ព㸧
ࠕࡇࢀࡽࡢリ㸦᐀ᩍリ㸧ࡗ࡚㔜せ࡞ࡇࡣୡ⏺ࡢ どⅬ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࢀࡣୡ⏺ࡀᖖᙉ࠸㇟ᚩᛶࢆᣢࡗ࡚࠸ࡿ
࠸࠺ぢ᪉࡛࠶ࡿࠋᵝࠎ࡞ฟ᮶㸪ගᬒ㸪య㦂ࡣ㸪ࢇ
࡞ᖹซ࡛㸪↓⇱ぢ࠼ࡼ࠺ࡶ㸪ṇࡋࡃゎ㔘ࡍࢀ
ࡤ㸪⚄ࡢゝⴥࢆᐟࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠖ
ࠕᵝࠎ࡞ฟ᮶㸪ගᬒ㸪య㦂ࠖࡢ୰㞃ࡉࢀࡓ⚄ࡢゝⴥ
ࢆṇࡋࡃㄞࡳゎࡃࡇ㸪㑅ࡾࡍࡄࡽࢀࡓゝㄒ⩻ヂࡍࡿ
ࡇ㸪ࡑࢀࢆఏ࠼࡚࠸ࡃࡇࡣࢲࣥࡢㄝᩍ⪅ࡋ࡚ࡢ
࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡘᙼ⮬㌟ࡢ➨୍ࡢ⢭⚄ⓗάࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆࡿ
ࡓࡵᐇ㊶ࡋࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡇ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
Devotions ࡢḟࡢ୍⠇ࡣ⚄ࡢゝⴥࡢㄞࡳྲྀࡾ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ
⩻ヂ࠸࠺ࢲࣥࡢᐇ㊶ࢆ♧ࡍዲ࡛࠶ࡿᛮ࠼ࡿࠋ
All mankind is of one author, and is one volume;
when one man dies, one chapter is not torn out of the book, but translated into a better language; and every chapter must be so translated; God employs several translators; some pieces are translated by age, some by sickness, some by war, some by justice;
but God̓s hand is in every translation, and his hand shall bind up all our scattered leaves again for the library where every book shall lie open to one another.XVII. MEDITATION
㸦ព㸧
ࠕே㛫ࡣ୍࡚ேࡢస⪅ࡢᡭࡼࡿ୍ࡢᮏ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ୍
ேࡢே㛫ࡢṚࡣ㸪ᮏࡢ୍❶ࡢ๐㝖࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡉࡽඃࢀ
ࡓゝㄒ⩻ヂࡉࢀࡿࡇ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ࡚ࡢ❶ࡣࡑࡢࡼ࠺
⩻ヂࡉࢀࡡࡤ࡞ࡽ࡞࠸ࠋ⚄ࡣఱேࡢ⩻ヂ⪅ࢆ௵ࡉࢀ
ࡿࠋ࠶ࡿ❶ࡣ⪁㱋ࡼࡾ㸪࠶ࡿ❶ࡣẼࡼࡾ㸪࠶ࡿ❶ ࡣᡓதࡼࡾ㸪࠶ࡿ❶ࡣุࡼࡾ⩻ヂࡉࢀࡿࠋࡔࡀ
࡚ࡢ❶ࡢ⩻ヂ⚄ࡢᡭࡀධࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡑࡋ࡚⚄ࡢᡭࡣᩓ ᅾࡋࡓ࣮࣋ࢪࢆࡧ⥛ࡌྜࡏ㸪ᅗ᭩㤋ࡢᮏࡍࡿࠋࡑࡇ
࡛ࡣ࡚ࡢᮏࡀ㛤ࢀࡿࡇ࡞ࡿࡢࡔࠖ
ᘬ⏝ࡋࡓ⟠ᡤࡣ㏆ࡃࡢᩍࡽேࡢṚࢆ࿌ࡆࡿᘫ࠸ࡢ㚝 ࡀ⪺ࡇ࠼࡚ࡃࡿሙ㠃࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡁࢲࣥ⮬㌟ࡢ≧ࡶ
㔜⠜࡞≧ែ㝗ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㚝ࡢ㡢㎸ࡵࡽࢀࡓពࢆࡇ ࡢࡼ࠺᐀ᩍⓗ῝ࡃㄞࡳྲྀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ㸪Ṛ⪅ᑐࡋ
࡚ඹឤࢆᐤࡏ㸪ࡑࡢேࡢάࢆಙࡌࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇ㸪 ࡉࡽேࡢṚࢆඃࢀࡓゝㄒ⩻ヂࡉࢀ࡚ኳᅜࡢᅗ᭩㤋࡛
බ㛤ࡉࢀࡿࡇゝ࠺ࢲࣥ⮬㌟ࡢ⩻ヂຊ㸪άࢆ㇟ᚩࡍࡿ
࣓ࢱࣇ࣮ࡢฟ㸪ࡇࢀࡽࡣࡲࡉࢲࣥࡢ➨୍ࡢάࢆ
㐩ᡂࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢᐇ㊶ゝ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ ࡉࡽ⥆ࡅ࡚㸪⚄ࡢゝⴥࢆ᥈ồࡋ㸪ㄞࡳゎࡁ㸪࠶ࡿ࠸
ࡣ⩻ヂࡍࡿࢲࣥࡢᐇ㊶ࢆࡇࡢసရࡢ୰᥈ࡗ࡚ࡳࡼ࠺ࠋ
Devotion XIII࡛ࡣᝈ⪅ࡢయ ͂spots̓ ࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡀ
⌧ࢀ㸪Ẽࡀᝏᛶࡢఏᰁ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡿࠋࡲࡎ
MEDITATION ࡛ࡣࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡢࡼ࠺࡞ពࡀ㎸ࡵ
ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ⪃ᐹࡉࢀࡿࠋ
In this accident that befalls me, now that this sickness declares itself by spots to be a malignant and pestilential disease, if there be a comfort in the
declaration, that thereby the physicians see more clearly what to do, there may be as much discomfort in this, that the malignity may be so great as that all that they can do shall do nothing; XIII MEDITATION
㸦ព㸧
ࠕయ୰Ⓨ⑈ࡀ⌧ࢀ㸪ᝏᛶࡢẼ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀࢃࡗࡓࠋ
Ẽࡢ≧ࡀ⌧ࢀࡿࡇࡼࡾ㸪་⪅ࡣࡢࡼ࠺࡞ฎ⨨
ࢆࡍࡁࡀࡣࡗࡁࡾศࡿࠋࡇࢀࡣᝈ⪅ࡗ୍࡚
ࡘࡢᏳᚰᮦᩱ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪୍᪉་⪅ࡢฎ⨨ࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸
ᝏᛶࡢẼ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡶ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛㸪
Ⓨ⑈ࡣᝈ⪅ࡗ࡚ࡣࡁ࡞Ᏻ࡞ࡿࠖ
⌧ᐇୡ⏺࡛ࡣ㸪ᖾ⚟ᖾࡣྠࡌྜ࡛࠶ࡿ࠸࠺ࡼࡾ㸪
ᖾࡢ༨ࡵࡿྜࡀࡎࡗࡁ࠸ࠋࡑࢀྠࡌࡃ㸪ᝈ⪅
ࡗ࡚ࡣ㸪య⌧ࢀࡓࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡣẼࡢᅇࡘ࡞ࡀ
ࡿᏳᚰᮦᩱ࡞ࡿࡼࡾ㸪Ẽࡢᝏࡘ࡞ࡀࡿࡎࡗ
ࡁ࡞Ᏻᮦᩱ࡞ࡿࠋᙜ↛ࡢࡇ࡛ࡣ࠶ࡿࡀ㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣ ࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡣ≧ࡢᝏ࠸࠺ព࡛ゎ㔘ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋḟ
ࡢ EXPOSTULATION ࡛ࡣ㸪⪷᭩ࢆᇶࡋ࡚ࠕ⚄ࡢゝ
ⴥࠖࡋ࡚ࡢࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡢពࡀ᥈ồࡉࢀࡿࠋ
When I open my spots I do but present him with that which is his; and till I do so, I detain and withhold his right. When therefore thou seest them upon me, as his, and seest them by this way of confession, they shall not appear to me as the pinches of death, to decline my fear to hellfor thou hast not left thy holy one in hell, thy Son is not there; but these spots upon my breast, and upon my soul, shall appear to me as the constellations of the firmament, to direct my contemplation to that place where thy Son is, thy right hand. XIII.
EXPOSTULATION 㸦ព㸧
ࠕ⚾ࡀࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࢆぢࡏࡿࡁ㸪⚾ࡣᮏ᮶ࡢᣢࡕ㸦ᚚᏊ
࢟ࣜࢫࢺ㸧ࡑࢀࢆ㉗ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡢࡀ᮶ࡿࡲ࡛㸪 ᚚᏊࡢᶒࢆ⚾ࡢチࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡔࡽ
ࡼ㸪⚾ࡢయࡢࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࢆᚚᏊࡢ≀ࡋ࡚ぢ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡿ
ࡁ㸪࿌ⓑࡼࡾ⌧ࢀࡓ≀ࡋ࡚ぢ࡚ࡃࡔࡉࡿࡁ㸪ࡑࢀ
ࡽࡢࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡣ⚾ࡢᏳࢆᆅ⊹㝆ୗࡉࡏࡿṚࡢ༴ᶵ
ࡋ࡚ぢ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪࠶࡞ࡓࡢᚚᏊ㸪࠶࡞ࡓࡢྑ⭎
ࡀᒃࡽࢀࡿኳᅜ⚾ࡢ▂ࢆᑟࡃ㸪✵ࡢᫍᗙࡢᵝ
ぢ࠼ࡿࡢ࡛ࡍࠖ
యࡢࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡣ⨥ࡢ༳࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪࢟ࣜࢫࢺࡼࡿ㉢⨥ࡢ
༳࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ኳᅜᑟࡃኪ✵㍤ࡃᫍࠎᤊ࠼ࡽࢀ࡚࠸
ࡿࠋẼࡢ≧ࢆ⾲ࡍࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡀᩆ῭άࡢ༳㌿
ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ᭱ᚋࡢ PLAYER࡛ࡣ㸪ࡇࡢࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡣ⚄
ࡀࡑࡢྡ๓ࢆ้ࢇࡔᩥᏐ࡛࠶ࡿㄞࡳゎࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
These heats, O Lord, which thou hast brought upon this body, are but thy chafing of the wax, that thou mightst seal me to thee: these spots are but the letters in which thou hast written thine own name and conveyed thyself to me; whether for present possession, by taking me now, or for a future reversion, by glorifying thyself in my stay ͐ XIII PLAYER
㸦ព㸧
ࠕⓎ⇕ࡣࡀࡇࡢయࡶࡓࡽࡉࢀࡓࡢ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪⚾ࡀ
ᒓࡍࡿࡇࢆグࡍࡓࡵ㸪㚿ࢆᬮࡵ࡚࠾ࡽࢀࡿࡢࡔࠋࡇ
ࢀࡽࡢࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࡣ㸪ࡀ┦⥆ᶒࢆグࡍࡓࡵ⮬ࡽࡢྡ๓
ࢆ᭩ࢀࡓᩥᏐ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ┤ࡕᡤ᭷ࡍࡿࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࢀ㸪ᑗ ᮶ࡢ┦⥆ࡢࡓࡵ࡛࠶ࢀࠖ
ࡇࡇ࡛ࡣᝈ⪅ࡢⓎ⇕ࡀ้༳ࢆࡍࡿࡓࡵᬮࡵࡽࢀࡓ㚿㸪
Ⓨ⑈ࡀ⚄ࡢ┦⥆ᶒࢆグࡍࡓࡵࡢᩥᏐ㌿ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࢲࣥࡣࠕⓎ⑈ࠖ࠸࠺Ẽࡢ୍≧ࡢ୰㎸
ࡵࡽࢀࡓ⚄ࡢゝⴥࢆㄞࡳゎࡇ࠺ࡋ㸪ࠕⓎ⑈ࠖࢆ⚄ࡀグ ࡋࡓάࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿ༳ࡋ࡚ぢࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
Devotion XIXࡶྠᵝࡢࡇࡀᣦ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛
ࡣᝈ⪅ࡣᅇᮇ࠶ࡾ㸪ᅇࡢࡋࡀࠕ㞼ࠖ࠸࠺࣓ࢱ
ࣇ࣮࡛⾲ࡉࢀ㸪⪷᭩㛵㐃࡙ࡅ࡞ࡀࡽࠕ㞼ࠖࡀ⚄ࡢᰤ
ගࡘ࡞ࡀࡿ≀࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Ẽࡽࡢᅇ㸦⌧ୡ࠾ࡅࡿ
ά㸧ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㸪᮶ୡࡢάᑐࡍࡿ⚄ࡢ
้༳࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ⪃ᐹࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
But what is my assurance now? what is my seal?
It is but a cloud; that which my physicians call a cloud, in that which gives them their indication.
But a cloud? Thy great seal to all the world, the
rainbow, that secured the world for ever from drowning, was but a reflection upon a cloud. A cloud itself was a pillar which guided the church, and the glory of God not only this was, but appeared in a cloud. XIX. EXPOSTULATION
㸦ព㸧
ࠕ⚾ࢆᏳᚰࡉࡏ࡚ࡃࢀࡿࡶࡢ㸪ᅇࡢ༳ࡣఱࠋࡑࢀࡣ ࡓࡔࡢ㞼㸪་⪅ࡓࡕࡀࠕࡋࠖࡪࡶࡢ࡛㸪Ẽࡢᅇ
ࡢೃࢆ♧ࡍࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡓࡔࡢ㞼࡛࠶ࢁ࠺ࠋୡ⏺
ࡢάࡢ༳㸪ὥỈࡽࡢᏳࢆ⣙᮰ࡋࡓࡣ㸪㞼⌧ࢀ
ࡓගࡢᑕ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࠋ㞼ࡣᩍࢆᑟ࠸ࡓᰕ࡛ࡣ࡞
ࡗࡓࠋ⚄ࡢᰤගࡣ㞼ࡢ୰⌧ࢀࡓࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓ
ࠋࠖ
And as soon as Aaron spoke to the whole congregation of the people of Israel, they looked toward the wilderness, and behold, the glory of the Lord appeared in the cloud.Exodus 16. 10
ࠗฟ࢚ࢪࣉࢺグ࠘ࡢᤄヰࢆᇶ㸪☜࡞ࠕ㞼ࠖ㸦
ࡋ㸧ࡢព⩏ࡀ㧗ࡵࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
ࡉࡽࠗิ⋤グ㸯࠘ࡢᤄヰࢆᇶࠕ㞼ࠖࡢព⩏ࡀ㧗ࡵ
ࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㞵ࡢࡋࢆ᥈ࡋ࡚Ἀྜࢆぢࡿࡼ࠺࠸࠺
⯪ဨᑐࡍࡿ࢚ࣜࡢ㸵ᅇࡢᣦ♧ࡀ㸪㜚ᮇ㛫ࡀ㸵᪥┠
࡛࠶ࡿࡇ⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
Let me return, O my God, to the consideration of the servant Elijah̓s proceeding in a time of desperate drought; he bids them look towards the sea; they look, and see nothing. He bids them again and again seven times; and presently they had their desire of rain. Seven days, O my God, have we looked for this cloud, and now we have it; none of thy indications are frivolous, thou makest thy signs seals, and wheresoever thou mayst receive glory by that way. XIX. EXPOSTULATION
㸦ព㸧
ࠕཝࡋ࠸ᖸࡤࡘ࠾ࡅࡿ࢚ࣜࡢᑐᛂࡢ⪃ᐹᡠࡗ࡚
ࡳࡿ㸪ᙼࡣ⯪ဨࡓࡕἈྜࢆぢࡿࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࡋࡓࠋ⯪
ဨࡓࡕࡣఱࡶぢ࠼࡞ࡗࡓࠋᙼࡣఱᗘࡶぢࡿࡼ࠺㸪 㸵ᅇࡶぢࡿࡼ࠺ᣦ♧ࡋࡓࠋ㸵ᅇ┠Ἀྜ㞼ࢆⓎぢࡋ㸪
㛫ࡶ࡞ࡃ㸪ᙼࡽࡀᮃࡴ㞵ࡀ㝆ࡗ࡚ࡁࡓࠋ㸵᪥㛫ࡇࡢᅇ
ࡢࡋ࡛࠶ࡿࠕ㞼ࠖࢆ᥈ࡋ㸪ࡑࢀࡀ⌧ࢀࡓࠋ⚄ࡀ♧ࡍ ๓↓ព࡞ࡶࡢࡣ࡞ࡃ㸪ࡇࡢ༳ࢆᅇࡢ้༳ࡉࢀ
ࡿࠋࡇࡢࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚㸪⚄ࡣ⮳ࡿᡤ࡛ࡑࡢᰤගࢆཷࡅࡽࢀ
ࡿࠖ
Oxford English Dictionary ͂cloud̓ ࡢ་Ꮫⓗ࡞ព
ࢆぢࡘࡅࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓࡀ㸪ᗋ࠸࠺ࢥࣥࢸࢡ ࢫࢺ࡛ࡣࠕ㞼ࠖࡀලయⓗពࡍࡿࡶࡢࡣ㸪యࡢୖ⾲
ࢀࡓࡲࡔࡽᶍᵝ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ീࡍࡿࠋẼࡽࡢ☜
࡞ᅇࡢ༳ࢆ㸪᮶ୡ࡛ࡢάࡢ⣙᮰⤖ࡧࡘࡅࡼ࠺
ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࡇ࡛ࡶྠࡌࡃάࡢ༳ࡀ᥈ồࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ
⤖ㄽ
ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ⪃ᐹࡽ㸪᪂ᪧ⣙⪷᭩࠾ࡼࡧࡑࡢᚋ 17 ୡ
⣖ࡲ࡛ࡢ࢟ࣜࢫࢺᩍ⚄Ꮫ⪅ࡢ࡞⪃࠼᪉ࡣ㸪➨୍ࡢά ࡘࡲࡾ⌧ୡ࠾ࡅࡿ⢭⚄ⓗάࡀ㸪➨ࡢά㸦᭱ᚋࡢ ᑂุ࠾ࡅࡿ㨦⫗యࡀ୍⥴࡞ࡗ࡚άࡋ㸪᪂࢚ࣝࢧ
࣒࡛ࣞ⚄ඹỌ㐲ᬽࡽࡍࡇ㸧ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿ࠸࠺ࡶ
ࡢ࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡲࡓ⌧ୡ࠾ࡅࡿάࡢࣔࢹࣝࡣ㸪࢟ࣜࢫ ࢺࡢά࡛࠶ࡿࡇ㸪άࡢࡓࡵࡲࡎே㛫ࡗ࡚ᚲ せ࡞ࡇࡣಙ௮࡛࠶ࡿࡇ㸪≉ࢲࣥࡀ⏕ࡁࡓ௦ࡢࣉ
ࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺ㸪≉ࣦ࢝ࣝࣥࡢࠕணᐃㄝࠖࡢᩍ⩏࠾
࠸࡚ࡣ㸪⤒㦂࡞ࠕಙ௮⏕άࠖࢆ㏦ࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࡀ㸪ά
ࢆணᐃࡉࢀࡓே㛫࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ☜ಙࡉࡏࡿࡶࡢ࡞ࡗ࡚
࠸ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࣉࣟࢸࢫࢱࣥࢺᩍ⩏࡛ࡣ㸪 ಙ௮࠾ࡅࡿ⚄ࡢゝⴥ㸪≉⪷᭩࠾ࡅࡿ⚄ࡢゝⴥࡀ㔜 せ࡞ࡗ࡚ࡃࡿࡇ㸪ࡉࡽ᪥ࠎࡢᵝࠎ࡞ฟ᮶㸪⤒㦂 ࡢ୰⚄ࡢゝⴥࡀᐟࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪㞃ࢀࡓゝⴥࢆṇࡋࡃゎ 㔘ࡍࡿࡇࡀ㸪ಙ௮ࡢ᭱⤊┠ᶆ࡛࠶ࡿே㛫⚄ࡢ୍య
ࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆࡿࡓࡵࡢே㛫ྍ⬟࡞᪥ࠎࡢᐇ㊶࡛࠶ࡿࡇ
ࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡋ࡚ᵝࠎ࡞࡛ࣞ࣋ࣝࡢே㛫⚄
ࡢ୍యࡢ⤒㦂ࡀ⌧ୡ࠾ࡅࡿ㨦ࡢά࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࠕண ᐃㄝࠖࡢ❧ሙࡽゝ࠼ࡤ㸪➨ࡢάࢆணᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ
ࡇࢆಙ௮⪅ಖドࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡞ࡿࠋ
ࢲࣥࡢリ㸪ᩓᩥࢆᗈࡃᴫほࡍࢀࡤ㸪ᜊឡ㸪㸪ಙ௮
࠾࠸࡚ᑐ㇟ࡢ୍యࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆࡼ࠺࠸࠺ᙉ࠸㢪ᮃ ࡀయ୍㈏ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ≉ά࠸࠺ࢥࣥࢸ࢟ࢫࢺ
ࡽぢࢀࡤ㸪ࡑࢀࡽࡣ➨ࡢά㸦ኳୖ࠾ࡅࡿ⚄ࡢ୍
య㸧ࢆ⣙᮰ࡍࡿ➨୍ࡢά㸦ᆅୖ࠾ࡅࡿ⚄ࡢ୍య
㸧ࡢ᥈ồ࠸࠺Ⴀࡳ࡛ࡣ࡞ࡗࡓࢁ࠺ࠋ
ࢲࣥࡀ୍༴⠜≧ែ㝗ࡗࡓࡉࢀࡿ㸦Bald, 450㸧, 1623 ᖺࡢࡣ㸪ᙼࡗ࡚➨୍ࡢ㨦ࡢάࢆᡂࡋ㐙 ࡆ㸪➨ࡢάࢆ☜ಙࡍࡿ⤯ዲࡢᶵ࡞ࡗࡓࡶゝ࠼
ࡿ ࠋ య ࡛ 23 ࡽ ࡞ ࡿ Devotions ࡣ 㸪 ࡑ ࢀ ࡒ ࢀ MEDITATION, EXPOSTULATION, PRAYERࡽᵓ ᡂࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿࡀ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀࡢෆᐜࡣ㸪MEDITATION
࡛ࡣ≧ࡢ㐍ᒎࡑࢀᑐᛂࡍࡿே㛫ࡢ⌧ୡ࠾ࡅ
ࡿཝࡋ࠸⏕άࡢ≧ἣ㸪EXPOSTULATION ࡛ࡣẼࡢ
≧㸪ࡑࡢయ㦂ࡀពࡍࡿࡶࡢࡣఱ࠸࠺⚄ࡢၥ࠸
ࡅ㸪ࡑࡋ࡚ࡑࡢ⟅࠼ࢆ᥈ࡍࡓࡵ⪷᭩ࡢ⚄ࡢゝⴥࡢ⪃
ᐹ㸪PRAYER ࡛ࡣ᪂ࡋ࠸ㄆ㆑⌧ᐇࡢཷᐜᇶ࡙࠸ࡓ
⚄ࡢᜠᑋࡢ♳ࡾ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡀ☜ㄆࡉࢀࡓࠋࡇࡢ సရࡣṇ⫗యࡢṚ࠸࠺༴ᶵ┤㠃ࡋ࡚㸪⚄ࡢゝⴥࡢ
῝࠸⌮ゎࢆᅗࡾ㸪⚄ࡢ୍యࢆ᪥ࠎᐇឤࡍࡿࡇࡼ
ࡾ㨦ࡢ➨୍ࡢάࢆᡂࡋ㐙ࡆࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࢲࣥࡢಙ௮ࡢᐇ
㊶グ㘓࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ࡔࢁ࠺ࠋ
ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩
Bald, R. C. 1970. John Donne A Life. Oxford:
Clarendon Press
Donne, J. 2008. Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions. BiblioBazzar
Kremen, Kathryn R.1972. The Imagination of the Resurrection. New Jersey: Associated University Press.
Smith, A. J. Ed. 1971 John Donne The Complete Poems. Penguin.
Wilcox, Helen.͂Devotional Writing̓. Guibbory, Achsah.Ed. 2007.
The Cambridge Companion to John Donne.
Cambridge University Press.pp.149-166
