定置網の漁獲多様性と投棄に関する一考察
著者
山根 猛, 安樂 和彦, 松岡 達郎
雑誌名
鹿児島大学水産学部紀要=Memoirs of Faculty of
Fisheries Kagoshima University
巻
56
ページ
89-92
別言語のタイトル
A Consideration on the Catch Diversity and
Discards Problem of Set-net
2* ߃ܪఱڠڠ໐କॲڠش (School of Fisheries, Kinki University, Nara, 742-163, Japan) [email protected]
3 ോఱڠକॲڠ໐ݽުࢥڠ (Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 9:1-1167, Japan)
౾࿌͈ݽڕఉအ͂ൎܤͅ۾̳֚ͥࣉख़
ȁུႥോ͉ධཤͅಿ̩Ȅ౾࿌̦ௌު̯ͦͥ౷֖͜ ཤ٬ൽ״܅̥ͣؗථ̞̹͂̽Տێఝ̥ͣՏఝ֖̤͢ͅ ͐ȃ౾࿌ݽު́ݽڕ̯ͦͥݿਅ͉ௌުાਫ਼͈౷ၑഎպ ౾ͤ͢ͅݽڕਅତ̷̱̀ਅழ଼͉ఉအ̜́ͥ2-7ȫȃݿਅ ͈ఉအ̷͉̦ͦͣક̯ͦͥ౷֖എ̈́අಭͬࠨ̳ͥ ਹါ̈́ˍ֦ঊ̜́ͥȃ൲ݽߓ̜́ͥ౾࿌͉Ȅ୭౾ા ਫ਼ਔ༏ͅြဋȆతၣ̳ͥݿ႒ͬచયͅௌު̳̭̥ͥ͂ͣȄ ̷͈ݽڕၾ̤͍͢ਅழ଼͉ਅ͈ܬ୯ٝဋশܬ̞̹͂̽ ါ֦͈גޣͬෝ൲ݽߓ͓̀ͅޑ̩̫ͥȃུݽު͈ ݽڕၾ་൲Ȇඅ̞͈̾̀ͅࡉ͉8-25ȫఉତ̜͈͈ͥ͜Ȅ ຈ̴̱͜ၾഎͅାၑȆ൦̯̞̞ͦ̀̈́ȃ ȁ༷֚Ȅਅ͈ఉအ͉൚ڂ֖͈́ईڕȆൎܤ࿚ఴ͂͜ྟ ୪ͅ۾߸̳̭̥ͥ͂ͣȄޭ͛̀ਹါ̜͈͈́ͥ͜Ȅ౯༌ എ̈́ম႕̜́ͤȄຈ̴̱̈́͜ၑٜ͉ං̞̞ͣͦ̀̈́ ̠̜́ͥ͢ȃ̷̭́Ȅུࡄݪ͉́Ȅ౾࿌͈ݽڕඅͬ ບث̳̹ͥ͛Ȅ౷ၑڠഎ̈́ਅ͈ື֖͈֑ͬד ̳̭̦ͥ͂ထே̯ͦͥକလ̬ਅ͈ఉအͅઙത̜ͬ̀Ȅ କလ̬ၾ̷̱̀ൎܤݿਅȆၾ͈̠͂̓͢ͅ۾߸̱̞̀ͥ ̥̞̾̀ͅ൦̳̹͈ͥ͛ܖயၳ̳̹͛ͅȄಎഽ ౷֖ཤ໐Ȫ୷ဩࡇ܁५სȫȄಎഽ౷֖ධ໐Ȫോࡇ ٳؗȫ́ௌު̯ͦͥ౾࿌ݽުͬచયͅম႕ࡄݪͬ ঔ̱̹ȃ AbstractIn set-net fi shery, generally many species (including non-commercial species) are caught but with only a small number for each species. We can, therefore, describe that the set-net catch multi-species with a small quantity for each species. The catch diversity is refl ected in the biological process such as distribution or behavioral pattern of species near the set-net. Generally, both the quantity of catch and its composition are closely related with each other. For effective management of coastal resources, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the quantity and discards problem of this fi shery. The data used in the analysis represent the daily total catch from set-net operated in Chiba and Kagoshima prefecture during 1996, 1999 and 2000 fi shing period. Although there are differences in the fi shing ground, results suggest that the diversity of catch species in the area was closely related with the amount of landing, which is therefore an important factor in the discards problems of set-net fi shery.
५आȁ࿊ ,
2*ȁհᖱგ ,
3ȁઐؖో
3A Consideration on the Catch Diversity and Discards Problem of Set-net
Takeshi Yamane,
1* Kazuhiko Anraku,
2and Tatsuro Matsuoka
290 ോఱڠକॲڠ໐ܮါȁలĶķےȪijııĸȫ ၳ ȁၳ͉ͅȄFig. 2 ͅা̳୷ဩࡇ܁५ს́ௌު̯̹ͦఱ ߿౾࿌Ȫ2::7 ාഽݽܢȫȄ̷̱̀ോࡇٳؗ Ȫ2:::Ȅ3111 ාഽݽܢȫ́ௌު̯̹ͦ༆ਅ༆କလ̬ൡ ࠗͬဥ̞̹ȃ ࠫض ȁུ܅֖͈́౾࿌ݽાͅ֊ව̱̩̀ͥࡢఘ߲ၾ ͉Ȅࣱಲඤ௰֖ͅື̳ͥ״܅ਅ͈ືྟഽ̷̱̀Ȅ ၠ͈պ౾̯̞̽̀ܰͦ̀ͥ͢26ȫ ̳͂ͦ͊Ȅܖུഎ ࣱ͉ͅಲସႁͤ͢ͅ౾࿌͈କလ̬ၾȆਅழ଼͉ଷࡠ̯ ͦͥȃࣽٝဥ̞̹ၳ͉́൚ڂܢۼ͈କأૂ༭̦ܱश̯ ̞̞̭̥ͦ̀̈́͂ͣȄࣱಲ͈͂۾߸̞͉̾̀ͅ࡞ݞ̱̈́ ̞̭̳͂ͥͅȃ ȁ̴͘Ȅܖུၳ̜́ͥȄ༆କလ̬ၾ͈ΪΑΠΈρθ ͬা̳ȪFig. 3ȫȃௌުાਫ̴਼͈֑̥̥ͩͣͅȄକလ̬ ၾ̴ֲ͉̞ͦ͜ͅମ̩ͬ֨ື߿ͬা̳ȃ̭͉ͦ౾࿌ ๊͈֚എ̈́କလ̬ၾ͈ື߿̜́ͥȃ൚ڂݽܢಎ͉́ઁ ၾݽڕ͈ອഽ̦̩ࣞȄఉၾݽڕ͉ତ႕ً̨̞̈́ͅȃࣱಲ ֖̤̫ͥͅఈ͈౾࿌ݽા͈́କလ̬ၾ͈ອഽື͜൳ ֚ΩΗȜϋͬা̳ȃ̭͈̠̈́͢ື߿͉౾࿌͈ܖུഎ ̈́କလ̬ၾ͈ອഽືΩΗȜῧ͙̀ओ̢̱̞̈́ȃ ȁൎܤ͂ྟ୪ͅ۾߸̳ͥକလ̬ਅ͈ఉအ͂କလ̬ၾ ͈۾߸̞̾̀ͅ൦̳̹ͥ͛Ḙ̭͉̏́༫گഎ̈́ఉအ ͬা̳ΏλΦϋ͈ఉအഽঐତ27ȫȪϺȫͬݥ͛ାၑ̱ ̹ȪFig.4ȫȃ̴͘Ϻ͈ື߿̞̾̀ͅ൦̱̹ȃࠫض͉Ȅ ڎݽા́ං̹ͣͦϺ͈ື߿͉ୃܰື̜́ͥ͂ࡉ̀ओ ̢̱̞̈́ȃ ȁϺ͉ಎഽཤ໐֖͈༷̦ධ໐֖͓̀ͅ೩̜̭́ͥ ̦͂ထே̯ͦͥȃ̷̭́Ȅକလ̬ၾ͂Ϻ͈۾߸ͬ༫گഎ ͅାၑ̳̹ͥ͛ͅȄFig.3 ͅা̳କလ̬ၾ͈ڎٴݭͅ చ؊̳ͥϺ͈ͬݥ͛କလ̬ၾȪٴݭȫΈσȜί ̫ͅठାၑ̱̹ȪFig. 5ȫȃڎݽા͈́Ϻ͉Ȅऔාഽ ̷̱̀ݽા̦։͈͈̈́ͥ͜କလ̬ၾ͈۾ତ̱͂̀ାၑ́ ̧̹ȃϺ͉କလ̬ၾ͈௩ح̾ͦ̀ͅࡘઁ̢̳̞ͥ͂ͥȃ ̾ͤ͘କလ̬ၾ͈௩ح͉ݽڕਅழ଼ͬఉအ͈̥̈́ͣ͜ౙ ̈́ழ଼̠̈́ͥ͢ͅͅैဥ̳̭ͥ͂ͬփྙ̱̞̀ͥȃ̭ ͉ͦ౾࿌͈କလ̬ၾ͈ອഽື߿ֲ̦ͅମ̩ͬ֨ື ߿Ȅ̾ͤ͘ܖུഎ͉ͅઁၾݽڕ͈ອഽ̦̩ࣞȄ֚ݽܢͅ ତഽ͈ఱၾȪݿਅତ͉ઁ̞̈́ȫ̹̳ͬͣ͜ఠͬࢊ̽ ̞̀ͥȃ ȁକလ̬ਅତ͂ൎܤਅତ͈۾߸̞̾̀ͅȄ୷ဩࡇ܁५ს ͉́Ȅକလ̬ਅତ͂ൎܤਅତ͈ۼ͉ͅୃ͈۾̦̜̭ͥ ̦͂ঐഊ28ȫ ̯̞ͦ̀ͥȃ༷֚Ȅକလ̬ၾ͂ൎܤၾ͉࿌ ܰ࿅Ȅ୭౾କ૬̽̀͢ͅ։̈́ͤȄ߿౾࿌̷̱̀ೲ ౾࿌͉́କလ̬ၾ͈௩ح̾ͦ̀ͅൎܤၾ̦௩ح̳ͥȃ ༷֚Ȅఱ߿౾࿌͉́ஜ৪͈̠̈́͢߹͉̞࢜͛ͣͦ̈́ 28ȫ ȃਅତ̤͍͢ழ଼͉൳֚ݽા̜́̽̀͜ܬ୯എͅ་൲ ̳ͥȃ̯ͣͅȄକလ̬ਅତ͂ൎܤਅତ͉ͅ౷ၑഎȄ̷̱ ̀ܬ୯എ̈́་اȄ̯ͣͅൎܤਅ̞͉̾̀ͅݽڕ̯̹ͦ͂ ̧͈ેఠȄકࠁఠ͈౷֖എ̈́ओ։̈́̓։ৗ֦̈́ঊ̦ޑ ̩ैဥ̳̭̥ͥ͂ͣȄൎܤၾ͂କလ̬ၾ͈۾߸͉་ا̳ ͈͉ͥ൚ட̜́ͥȃ ȁڎ౾࿌ݽાͅ֊ව̱̩̀ͥݿ͈ࡢఘ߲ၾ̷̱̀ਅழ ଼͉ਅ͈౷ၑഎືȄܬ୯എ̈́֊൲ͬד̱̀শۼ͂͂ ͜ͅ་ا̳ͥȃ༷֚ȄFig. ːͅা̳Ϻ͂କလ̬ၾ͈۾߸ ̞̾̀ͅାၑ̱̹ࠫض͉Ȅݽા͈౷ၑഎպ౾Ȅ̷̱̀ා ഽ̦։̞͈͈̈́̽̀ͥ͜ȄϺ͉କလ̬ၾ͈۾ତ̱͂̀ା ၑ̯̹̭̥ͦ͂ͣȄϺ͉౾࿌͈ݽڕඅͬা̳ܖུഎ ̈́ঐດ̈́ͥͅخෝͬাऐ̳ͥȃ̯ͣͅȄൎܤၾ͂Ϻ͈ ۾߸̞͉̾̀ͅȄܡ༭29ȫ ͓̹̠́͢ͅϺ͈۾ତ̱͂ ̀ାၑ̯̹ͦȃ̭͈ͦͣࠫض͉Ȅ౾࿌ݽު͈ݽڕඅ ͬד̱̞̀ͥ͂ࡉ̀ओ̢̱̞̈́ȃ ȁ༷֚Ȅൎܤݿ͈ݿਅழ଼͞ൎܤၾ͈ఉس͉Ȅକလ̬ ݿ͈ݿਅழ଼͞କလ̬ၾ͈ఉس̜ͥ͜ͅഽջం̳ͥ ̭̦͂ထே̯̞ͦ̀ͥ28ȫ̷͈͈͈͜ߓఘഎ̈́ບث༹ͅ ̞͉̾̀࡞ݞ̯̞̞ͦ̀̈́ȃൎܤ͈ါ֦̞̾̀͜ͅ ͅ՜̧̞̞࡛́̀̈́ે̤̞̀ͅȄܖུၳ̱͈͂̀ DPUE 2:ȫ͈ව̦ࣾඳ̈́ાࣣȄऔచયݽા͈́༆¦ ਅ༆କလ̬ൡࠗၳͬܖͅȄਅ͈౷ၑഎືͬד ̳ͥϺ֚ͬষ߃য̱͈͂̀ບثঐດ̱͂̀၌ဥ̳̭ͥ͂ ͈ခ̞͉࢘̾̀ͅࢵͅম႕ࡄݪͬୟ͙ਹ͇൦̳ͥ ຈါ̦̜̠ͧȃ ȁུࡄݪͬঔ̳ͥͅष̱̀Ȅܲਹ̈́औၳ͈֨ဥͬ ١ౄ̞̹̺̞̹ނ٬ဢఱڠਝ५ୄඵฎআȄ̷̱̀ٳ ͈ؗၳͬރ̱̞̹̺̞̹̀ٯအͅ૬৫̱̳͘ȃུ ࡄݪ͉໐شڠજࡄݪ༞੩߄ܖ๕ࡄݪȪAȫȄهఴ๔ 27319129 ̽̀͢ͅঔ̯̹̭ͦ͂ͬັܱ̳ͥȃ ࡃ １ȫ!आུٗȆॄฎȅ࿅ს͈౾࿌̤̫ͥͅݽڕඅȄ ݿਅழȄ଼ݽڕၾ͈་൲අȅକॲ٬ဢࡄݪ 2::9Ȉ73ȇ 4:3.4:8ȅ ˎȫ!ۉ໐ඵȆعॄȁୃȆ૬݅ণȅګ౷ߊ͈౾࿌͈ݽ ڕඅ̞̾̀ͅȅ֟ઽࡇକॲদࡑાদࡑ༭࣬ 2:72Ȉ46ȇ 8:.:1ȅ ˏȫ!๑ȁژȆਕୄୃᎢȆგനဢ௬Ȇനಎٗࢨȅނസຸ״܅٬ ֖̤̫ͥͅ౾࿌ݽުඅͅ۾̳ͥࡄݪ Jȅނസຸ٬ဢΓ ϋΗȜࡄݪ༭࣬ 2:9:Ȉ23ȇ64.71ȅ ːȫ!ઐోȅؖს࢛͈ٸ٬କ֖ͅົ୭̯̹ͦ౾࿌ݽڕ
͈ࠐා་ا൲̞࢜̾̀ͅȅؖࡇକॲদࡑાࡄݪުྩ༭࣬ 2:91Ȉ64ȇ4:.57ȅ ˑȫ!ᚰനࢬȅཅஜ٬͈߿౾࿌̤̫ͥͅన࿌պ౾༆ൎܤݿ ਅழ଼ȅକধ 2::8Ȉ74ȇ54.5:ȅ ˒ȫ!༌५ੳٚȆ౻നȅ٬֖̤̫ͥͅ߿౾࿌͈ݽڕ අȅؖ५ࡇକॲদࡑા༭࣬ 2:97Ȉ2ȇ251.258ȅ ７）!२֔നঃȆआུٗȆಅඤୃ֚ȅ૰ජࡇ२׆౷ߊ౾ ࿌ݽા͈ݽڕඅͅ۾̳ͥൡࠗഎࡄݪȄނକॲఱڠࡄݪ ༭࣬ 2:::Ȉ97ȇ66.78ȅ ８ȫ!ຩ࢛ੳ௱ȅକॲ٬ဢࡄݪ 2:9:Ȉ64ȇ278ȅ ˕ȫ!ഘȁ࠲ংȅ࿅სඤ౾࿌ݽڕ͈ழ଼ͅ۾̳ͥൡࠗഎࣉ ख़ȅକॲ٬ߊକॲࡄݪਫ਼༭࣬ 2:88Ȉ9:ȇ2.27ȅ 21ȫ!आུٗȆୄକȁ୍ȅ࿅სୌગ౷ߊ౾࿌ݽા̤̫ͥͅ ݽڕඅȅକধ 2::8Ȉ74ȇ:58.:66ȅ 22ȫ!ࣈጳȆಿനٶຳȅ߿౾࿌͈ࢹ௮͂ݽڕழ଼ȅఱ
Fig. 1. Sampling sites.
Fig. 2. Frequency distributions of total landing (Ct ;kg) for two fi shing grounds. The upper half shows total landing (Ct ;kg) for Tateyama and the lower half shows that for Kaimon.
Fig. 3 Frequency distributions of diversity index (Ǭ) for two fi shing grounds. The upper half shows for Tateyama and the lower half shows that for Kaimon. Diversity index (Ǭ) =㪄Ǜ
(ni/N)log (ni/N):ni, numerical value indicating the importance
of each species; N, Sum total.
Fig. 4. Relationship between total landing (Ct;kg) and diversity index (Ǭ) for two observation sites(the upper half for Tateyama, and the lower half for Kaimon).
Diversity index(Ǭ) =㪄 Ǜ (ni/N)log (ni/N):ni, numerical value indicating the importance of each species; N, Sum total.
92 ോఱڠକॲڠ໐ܮါȁలĶķےȪijııĸȫ िຸକॲদࡑાࡄݪ༭࣬ 3112Ȉ24ȇ56.71ȅࣞޘୄࢣȆષ നࡋ֚Ȇড়ݛܔȅ! 23ȫ!ຩ࢛ੳ௱ȅ౾࿌ݽڕ͈අ͂ݽા͈႒߿اͅ۾̳ͥൡ ࠗഎࡄݪȅ२ਹࡇକॲܿΓϋΗȜ༭࣬ 2:97Ȉ2ȇ24.33ȅ 24ȫ!ളၖȁഴȆ૯ණۘȅཹඩ̤̫ͥͅ౾࿌͈ݽڕ͈ ఠऔȄࣝࡇକॲদࡑાমު༭࣬ 2:8:Ȉ63ȇ242.249ȅ 25ȫ!دȇକॲ٬ဢࡄݪٛ༭ 2:82Ȉ29ȇ268.275ȅ 26ȫ!ฦȁȅݽު͈ၑა͂षȅ଼५൴ഝȄނ 2::5ȅ 27ȫShannon C.E.and Weaver W. The mathematical theory of
communication. University of Ilinois Press, URBANA, 1964. 28ȫਝ५ୄඵȅ୷ဩࡇ܁५ს͈౾࿌ݽު̤̫ͥͅݽڕ͈ൎ
ܤఠȅକఱࡄ༭ 2::8Ȉ93ȇ64.75ȅ
29ȫYamane T. A consideration on the set-net discards problems. The Steering Committee for the Colloquium on Fishing Technology. Round Table Meeting for Fishing Technology. No. 50. International Seminar on Field Survey for Evaluation of Discards in Capture Fisheries with a Standardised Method.30-31 (2005). 2:ȫMatsuoka T. Sampling and estimation of discards in
multi-species fi sheries. in The International Conference on Integerated Fisheries Monitoring 1999. FAO, Rome, 197-207.
