Deciduous forests in the cool temperate zone of Shikoku (Forest climaxes in Shikoku, Japan 3)

(1)

Deciduous

forests in the cool temperate zone of Shikoku一一

(Forest

climaxes

in Shikoku,Japan3)

Tsugiwo Yamanaka

I. Introduction

The

cool

temperate

zone

of Japan

is characterized

by

the Ｆａｇｕｓ-Ｓａｓａ-tかｅ

climax

which

is

peculiar

to

East

Asia

(Suzuki

1952,

1953).

The

Japanese

beech

forests

are included

in

one

alliance,

the Ｆａｇｉび?lcｒｅｎｄtａｅ．comprising

two

distinct

associations,

i.e.,

the Ｓａｓｅtｏ-Ｆａｅｅtｕni

・

and

the

Ｓａｓａｍｏゆｈｅtｏ-Ｆａｇｅｔｕｖｉ. ＼｡゛

Cool

temperate

forests

in

Shikoku

have

been

studied'by

the

Kochi

Regional

Forestry

Office

(1939),

Sato

(1946),

Nakamura

and

Yamanaka

(1951)',

Yamanaka

(1953-1961),

and

Karizumi

and

Tokui

(1956).

As

the

result

of

these

studies,

it has

become

clear

that

the

Ｓａｓａｎｉｏｒｐｈｅtｏ-凡zｇ心μ7z is

the

only

climatic

climax

i‘ｎthe

cool

temperate

zone

of

Shikoku.

On

the

other

hand,

edaphic

climaxes

which

are

excluded

from

the

Ｆａｅｉｏｎｃｒｅｎａtａｅ

ａｔｅａ＼ｓｏ

found

in

this

zone. Coniferous

forests

constructing

the Ｃ]ｉａｎｉａｅｃｙｐａｒｉｄｉｏｎｄｙｔｕｓａｅ(Yamanaka

1960,

1962)

occupy

ridges

or steep

slopes,

while

deciduous

forests

included

in

the. Ｕｂｎｉｏｎ血折ぷａｎａｅoccur

along

streams.

In

the

present

paper.

deciduous

forests

belonging

to the

Ｆａｇｉｏｎ

ｃｒｅ?ｖｘtａｅ

and

the Ｕｌｍｉｏｎ

ｄａ-ｕidia皿ｅ＼n Shikoku

are

tabulated

and

discussed

from

the

phytosocioloがcal

point

of view.

II. Areas

and

methods

ｏ１ study

The

actual

data

for the present paper

were

derived from

the

field work

carried out in the

following

localities (cf.

Fig.

1):

Ehime

Ｐｒｅ￡:(1-2)

Mし Yatsudzura

and

Mt Takatsuki,

Uwaiima

city; (3) Oonogahara,

Nomura;

(4) Mt

Odamiyama,

Oda; (5) Mt

SaragaminejKuma;

(6) Mt

Ishidzuchii Saijo city;

（7−8）

Mt

Omogo

and Mt Iwaguro,

０ｍｏｇｏ;（9−13）ＭtHanedzuru,

Noii Pass, Mt

Ochiai,

MしSaza- f

･reo, and Nakanokawa

Pass, lyｏ･mishima city;

Kochi

Pref. :(14) Mt. Irazu, Hieashitsuno; (15) Mt

Kurotaki,

Niyodo ; (16) Mt.

Nakatsu

(Myojin),

Agawa

; (17) Mt.

Tebako,

Ikegawa

; (18-21)

Ml

Ibuki, Mt

Kampu,

MしSasagamine>

and Mt

Inamura,

Hongawa

; (22) Kashiyama

Pass, Tosayama;

(23) Mt

Kuishi (Oku-kuishi),

Motoyama;

(24 ―25) Mt.

Kaiigamori

and

Mt

Nokanoike,

０ｏtｏyｏ；

（26−30）Ｍｔ Sasa,

Mt Nishikuraa,

Mし Shiraga

(Oku･shiraga),

Ml Higashikuma,

and

Mt

Ishidate, Monobe

; (31) Mt

Jinkichimori, Umaji; Tokushima

Ｐｒｅ￡:(32-33)

Sasa Pass and Mt

Tsurugi,

Higashiiya. ，

As

regards the

methods

of study

and the

abbreviations

used

in

the

tables,

details are

available in the previous paper (Yamanaka

1961).

III. Fagion

crenatae

Nakano

(1942)

Sasamorpheto-Fagetum

Suz.-Tok.

(1952)

(Tables

l and

2）

It has been

clearly established

that the‘forest vegetation

on

the Japan

Sea

side

contrasts

strikingly .with that on

the Pacific side.

The

Ｓａｓｅtｏ-Ｆａｇｅtiロ11

Suz.-Tok.

(1952)

includes the

Japan

Sea

type

beech

forests in Honshu,

containing

such

plants

aｓＳａｓa kｕｒilenｓiｓ，

lieエ

(2)

10 _{高知大学学術研究報告第11巻自然科学Ｉ第２号}

Fig.

1. Map

showing

the localities listed on ｐ. 9.

lｅｗｃｏｃｌａｄａ, Ａ！ｉｃｕｂａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａｖａｒ. boｒealiｓ,

I:)ａｐｈｎｉｐｈｙllｗｎｎｉａｃｒｏｐｏｄｕｍｖａｒ. ｈｕmile.

Ｃゆｌｉａｌｏｔａエ１４ｓ

}iaｒｒｉｎａtｏｎｉａvar.

7iana,

and

others

which

are

adapted

to

the

climate

with

heavy

snowfall

in

winter.

Now

the

climate

of

Shikoku

shows

the･Ｐａ

･ic

type

characterized

by

lighter

snowfall

in

winter

and

high

precipitation

in

summer.

The

beech

forests

in

Shikoku,

ac-･cordingly,

belong

to

the

Ｓａｓａｉｎｏｒ夕Iｗtｏ-Ｆａｇｅtｕｒｉｉ

characterized

by

Ａｃｅｒｓiehoはｉａｎｗｎ-,

Ａｂｉｅｓ

ｈｏｍｏｌｅｐｉｓ,

Ｓtｅｗａｒtia

ｙｎｏｎａｄｅｌｐｌｉａ，Ｓ:ｙ。ｌ.

This

association

usually

occupies

gentle

slopes

and

flat

ridges

at

altitudes

between

about

1000

and

1700

m.

It

is

well

developed

on

rather

deep

and

fertile

soils

derived

from

various

rocks,

often

occurring

in

limestone

and

serpentine

areas｡

Typical

stands

of

this

association

consist

of

three

or

four

strata.

The

upper

tree

stratum

is

dominated

by

Ｆａｓｕｓｃｒｅｎａｔａ and

is

frequently

accompanied

by

Ａｃｅｒｓieboはｉａｎｕｍ.

Ｑｕｅｒｃｕｓ

ｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃａvar. grosseserrata

is occasionally

abundant

in

forests

retaining

rather

initial

stages.

The

lower tree

stratum

is

composed

mainly

of Ｐａｒａｂｅｎｚａｉｎ tｒilobｗｎ，

Ｓｙｖやｌｏｃｏｓｃｏｒｅａｎａ．

Ｃｌｅtｈｒａｂａｒbineｒｖiｓ, ａnd

Ｐｏｕｒtｈｉａｅａ -ｕilloｓａｖａｒ.

ｌａｅｖiｓ. The

shrub

stratum

is

characterized

by

the

lｕχuriance

of

Ｓａｓａｉｎｏゆｈａｐｕｒｐｕｒａｓｃｅｎｓ. The

herb

stratum

is

usually

sparse

or

absent,

but ＣαΓex 7？inii. Ｓα∫α ｓpp･・or Ｓ陥･ｎｉｎｉａ

ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａｖａｔ.

intｅｒｍｅｄｉａ

ｌ．ｒｅｐｅｎｓ１s

often

prominent｡

In

the

Ｓαｇ

facｉｅｓ，Ｓａｓａｍｏｒｐｈａかｕｒｐｕｒａｓｃｅｎｓ＼ｓ

ｒｅplaced

by

the

abundant

occurrence

ｏｉＳａｓａ

spp. There

are

several

species,

such

as

Ｓａｓａｋtもｒｎｋａtｓｉａｎａ(Ｓ. iｓhiｚｕｃｈｉのla)ｓＳ・りｏｅｎｓtｓ．

and

Ｓ. hiｒtelladescribed

by

tａχonomists

from

Shikoku.

However,

this

facies

containing

(3)

11 the

Saseto-ＦａｇｅtｕｍヽAs

was

revealed

by

recent

I studies

of

ecological

and

phytosocio

logical

characters

of Ｓａｓａ(Usui

1958,

1961),

the

occurrence

of

this

facies

is affected

not

only

by

climatic

but

also

by

edaphic

and

topographic

factors.

As

compared

with

Ｓａｓａｍｏ砂臨ｐｕｒｐｕｒａｓｃｅｎｓ･，

Ｓａｓaspp.

endure

lo＼y

temperature

and

strong

wind,

preferring

rather

deep

residual

soils.

Therefore,

the

upper

areas

of

the

cool

temperate

zone

are

generally

occupied

by

this

fades.

At

low

altitudes,

on

the

other

hand,

it

is

found

on

ridges

or

gentle

slopes

lying

windward

wheｔｅ

Ｓａｓａｉｎｏｒｐｈａｐｕｒｐｕｒａｓｃｅｓcannot

maintain

its

position.

Upper

areas

of

the

cool

temperate zone

are

OGcasibnally

occupied

by

pure

forests

oI Ahieｓ

ｈｏｍｏｌゆlis.

The

occurrence

of

this

tree

is

one

of

the

characteristics

of

Pacific

type

forests･

but

such

stands

in

Shikoku

should

not

be

excluded

from

the

Ｓａｓａｍｏｒph￡tｏ-Ｆａｇｅtｕｍ･

Several

subassociations

may

be

recognizable

in

this

association.

Karizumi

and

Tokui

a956)

reported

the

Ｓａｓａｎｗｒｐｈａ・the

Ahelia,

ａnd

the

Ｃａｃａｌｉａ

subassociation

from

the

Takanawa

Peninsula,

northern

Shikoku.

Among

these,

the

Ｓｄｓａｉｎｏｒｐｈａ

ｓｕbassociation

is

typical

of

this

association.

The

composition

of

the

Ｃαc心細subassociation

resembles

that

of

forests

belonging

to

the

Ui？?ｉtｏｎｄａ恒心ａｎａｅ,

ａnd

similar

stands

are

found

along

streams

or

in

limestne

areas.

The

_writer

_(Yamanaka

₁₉₆₁₎

_described

_the

Ｓａｓａｍｏｒｐｈｅtｏ-Ｆａｇｅtｕｍ tｓｕｇｅtｏｓｕｍ and

the

S.-F.

ｃｒｙｐtｏｍｅｒｉｅtｏｓｕｍ･The

former

contains

characteristic

species

of

the

Ｐｉｅｒｉｄｅtｏ一Ｔｓｕｇｅtｗｎａｎ｛l

the

Ｒｈｏｄｏｒｅtｏ-Ｃ}ｉａｍａｅりｐａｒｉｄｅtｕｍ,

and

the

latter

is

differentiated

by

Ｃりｐtｏｍｅ石ａ

ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ

and

0theｒｓ. Ｆａｇｕｓｃｒｅｎａtａ

forests

accompanied

by

Ｒｈｏｄｏｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｍｅttｅｒｎｉｃｈｉｉ

ａｔｅ often

found

０ｎ ridges

and

steep

slopes

not

only

in

Shikoku

but

also

in

Kyushu

(Hosokawa

1956,

Suzuki

1960,

Ikuno

and

Hatano

1961)

and

southern

Honshu

（Ｙａtoh

1958).

It

is

possible

that

sucK

forests

may

belong

to

another

association

or

subassociation. ｀･

It

is ａ

well-known

fact

th飢Ｆａｇｕｓ

ｃｒｅｎａtａ comes

in

contact

with

（:Zｙｃｌｏｈａｌａｒの･ｐｓiｓ

ａｃｕは．

Examples

of

such

Ｆａｇｕｓｃｒｅｎａta

forests

in

Shikoku

and

Kyushu

al°ｅthe Ｆａｇｊｉｓｃｒｅｎａtａ-1111ciｕｍ

ｒeligioｓｕｍ･Ｓｋｉｎｉｍｉａ

ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ･var.intｅｒ･ｍｅｄｉａ

ｌ. ｒ吋>ｅ!ｉｓ sociation

on

the

Kashiyama

Pass

ia

Shikoku

(Yamanaka

1953d),

the

Ｆａｇｕ-ｓＣＴ･ｅｎａtａ-1111ciｕｍ

ｒeligioｓｗｎ･Ｓｙｍｐｌｏｃｏｓ

ｍｙｒtａｃｅａ-ｔｉｙｄｒａｎｅｅａ lｕｔｅｃｎｉｅｎｏｓａ

sociation

on

Mt.

Shibi

(Sako

1960)

and

the

Ｆａｇｕｓｃ７゛゜ａｔａ°1111ciｕ”ｌ

ｒeligioｓｕｍ一Ｓｙｎｉｐｌｏｃｏｓｍｙｒtａｃｅａ

sociation

on

Ｍt･

Takakuma

in

Kyushu

(Sato

1946).

Similar

forests

occurring

in

north-eastern

Honshu

are

reぴresented

by

the

Ｆａｇｕｓｃｒｅｎａは■

Ｓａｓａｍｏｒｐｈａ

ｐｕｒｐｕｒａｓｃｅｎｓ

sociatin

accompanied

by

（:".ｙclobal・ｌｏｐｓiｓａｃｕは，Ｃａｍｅｌｌｉａｉａｐｏｎｉｃａ， lieエintｅｇｒａ．

and

1111cimn

ｒeligioｓｕｍ

on

Mt.

Tsukuba

(Yoshii

and

Yoshioka

1949).

Although

lacking

Ｓａｓａ刀ｗｒｐｈａｐｕｒ‘fnｔｒａｓｃｅｉxｓ

in

places,

these

forests

should

be

included

in

the

Ｓａｓａｉｎｏｒｐｈｅtｏ-Ｆａｇｅtｕｍａnd

represent

ａ

subassociation

in

lower

parts

of

the

cool temperate

zone.

This sub--association

containing

characteristic

species

of

the

Sliiioji

ｓieboはii ａｎｄ the

Ｔｓｕｇｉｏｎｓｉｅｂｏｌｄｔi

is

newly

described

as

follows

:

Sasamorpheto-Fagetum

cyclobalanopsidetosutn,

siibass.

nov.

Differential

species

: Ｃｙｃｌｏｈａｌａｎｏｐｓiｓ

ａｃｕｔａ， 1111dｕｍｒ･eligioｓｕｍ，Ｓｊ^ｍｐｌｏｃｏｓｍｙ￡ａｃｅａ，

ａnd

Ｃａｍｅｌｌｉａｉａｐｏ?ｌｉｃａ.

This

_{subassociation}

_is

_comparable

_to

_the

Ｓａｓｅtｏ-Ｆａｓｅtｕｍｃｙclobal皿ｏｐｓｉｄｅtｏｓｕｎｉ(Sasaki

1958)

reported

from

the

Japan

Sea

side

in

western

Honshu.

(4)

12 高知大学学術研究報告第11巻自然科学Ｉ第２号

IV. Ulmion

davidianae

Suz.-Tok.

(1954)

Dryopterideto-Fraxinetum

Suz.-Tok.

(1952)

(Table

3)

ThｅＵｂｎｉｏｎｄａ-ｖidi。ｌａｅ

is

an

aJaphic

climaχ

developad

along streams

or

in

alluvial

fens

throughout

the.

cool

temperate

zone

of

Japan,

including

forests

consisting

mainly

oi

Ｐtｅｒｏｃ・'"■ｙａ

飛〇nfolia・Ａｅｓｃｕlｕｓ

｡

￡ｕｒbinatａ・Ｃｅｒｃｉｄゆｈｙllｗｎｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｍ，

Ｆｒａエinｕｓｓｐａｅtｈｉａｎａ(Ｆ.

ｃｏｎｉｍｅｍｏｒali

ｓ)，ｏｒ IJlinｕｓ

ｄａｖidiaｔia

var.

japonica.

Although

areas

occupied

by

this

alliance

are

not

always

ｅχtensive,

it

contains

ａ

large

number

of

characteristic

species

and

is

distin･

guishable

from

the

Ｆａｇｔｏｊｉ

ｃｒｅｔｉａ￡ａｅ.

In

Shikoku,

forests

belonging

to

this

alliance

are

usually

dominated

by

Ｐ￡ｅｒｏｃａりａ

ｒho･iかＨａ.

Ｂ吐Ａｃｅｒ

7110710,Ｃｅｒｃｉｄｉｐ心臨ｘｍ

ｉａｐｏｎｉｃｕ･肌，０てＡｅｓｃｕlｕｓれiｒbinata iｓ abundant

in

places.

The lower

tree

and

shrub

strata

are

characterized

by

such

species

ａｓ

Ａｃｅｒ

ｃａｒpiniかＨｕｍ，

Ｄｅｕtｚｉａ

ｃｒｅｎａtａｖａｔ.

≫iafeaii,

ＳＭｖｂｕｃｕｓ

ｓｉｅｂｏｌｄｉａｎａ,

ａnd ｈｉｅｕｓtｒｗｎ tｓｃｈｏｎｏｓkii.The

herb

stratum

is

composed･

of

ａ

large

number

of

ferns

and

herbaceous

plants.

Among

the

constituents,

such

species

as

Ｐtｅｒｏｃａｒｙａ

Ｈｗifolia，

Ａｃｅｒ

7110)10(including

varieties)・Ｃｅｒｃｉｄｉｐｈｙllｕｍ

ｉａｐｏｎｉｃｕｍ，

Ａｅｓｃｕlｕｓ

tｕｒbinatａ，

Ａｌｎｕｓ

hiｒｓiitａｖａｒ.

ｓibiｒｉｃａ.

Ｓａｍｂｕｃｕｓｓieboはｌａｎａ，

Ｌｉｇｕｓtｒｕｍ

tｓｃｈｏｊｉｏｓfeii，Ｐｏｌｙｓtichｕｒｎ

tｒiptｅｒo7i，

1），ｒｅtｒｏｓｏｐａｌｅａｃｅ皿１，

andＲｗｎｏｈｒａ

ｓtａｎｄｉｓｈｉｉ

ａｉｅｒｅｃａｉded

as

characteristic･

species

of

the

alliance.

Such

forests

in

Shikoku,

however,

are

distinguishable

from

similar

forests

on

the

Japan

Sea

side

(cf.

Yoshioka

1938,

Suzuki

1954,

Usui

1955,

1958,

Yamazaki

and

Nagai

1960-i;

Tatewaki

et

al.

1961)

by

such

characteristic

species

ａｓ

Ａｃｅｒ

ｃａｒpiniかＨｕｍ-，

Ｄｅｔttｚｉａ

ｃ･ｒ。ｍはｖａt.

Jiakaii-, and

many

herbaceous

plants.

Suzuki

(1949)

reported

the

￡)りｏｐtｅｒｉｄｅ￡０-Ｆｒａｘｉｎｅtｕｎｉ

ｉｒ･om

middle

Honshu.

This

association

is

ａ

forest

on

the

Pacific

side,

resembling

Ｐtｅｒｏｃａｒ･:ｙａ

ｒhoifolia

forests

in

Shikoku.

０ｎ

the

othfer

hand,

Horikawa

and

Sasaki

(1959)

described

the

Poりｓ￡･iclｗtｏ-Ａｅｓｃｕletｕin iｔom

the

Chugoku

mountain

range,

western

Honshu.

This association

containing

ａ large

number

of

plants

common

to

the

forests

under

consideration

is

similar

to

and

may

probably

be

identical

with

the

￡)りｏｐtｅｒｉｄｅtｏ一Ｆｒａヱ緬ｐ.tｕｍ.

At

present,

therefore,

the

forests

in

Shikoku

are

to

be

included

in

the￡)りoptｅｒ砲ｅtｏ-Ｆｒａエ緬ｄ皿n,

though

Ｆｒａエinｕｓ

ｓｐａｅtｈｉａｎａａnd

Ｄｒｙｏｐtｅｒiｓ押収lepiｓａｒｅ

not

found

in

most

stands. ，

In

Shikoku,･

Ｃｏｉ７ｉａｎthoｓｔ)!xａｃｅ

ｓtellipila(including

var. ￡ｏｓａｅｎｓiｓ

and

ｖａｔ. ｓｕｂｌａｎｃｅｏｌａtａ)

is

generally

abundant

in

the

herb

stratum.

Besides,

such

specｖｅｓ

ａｓ

Ｓtellaｒia

ｓｅｓｓilifloｒａ，

Ｓ.

.ｐａｎｉｃｕligeｒａ，Ｃ･iｒｓii￡,ｍ￡ｅ，ｕ￡ｅ

ｖａｒ. iｓhiｚｕｃｈｉ。ｉｓｅ，

ｈｎｐａ￡ｔｅｎｓ

h,ｙ夕砂防lla，

Ａ石ｓａｅｎｉａ

tｅｒｎａti-ゆａｒ￡itｕ-ｍ＾

Ａｃｏ心証！ii

ｇｒｏｓｓｅｄｅ几は￡ｕｎｉ

var.

Ｓ読ｖｚｘ.

ｓikoki・la,

Ａｒahiｓｓｅｒｒａtａｖａｒ.

ｓ･ikokiana，

ａnd

Ｃａｃａｌｉａ￡ｅｂａＪｊｏｅｎｓiｓ

ｓｅｉve

as

differential species.

The

Ｄｒｙｏｐｔｅｒｉｄｅｔｏ-Ｆｒａχｉｎｅtｕｍ

ｃｏｍａｎｔｈ-ｏｓｐｈａｃｃｔｏｓｕｍ..therefore,

is

presented

as

ａ

new

sub-association.

V. Summary

and

Conclusion

Deciduous forest

climaxes in

the

cool

temperate zone

of Shikoku

consist mainly

of

two

alliances,

the Ｆａｓｉｏｎ

ｃｒｅｎａtａｅ

and

the ＵＵｎｉｏｎdavｉｄｉａｎａｅ. The former

is ａ climatic

climax

dominated

by

Ｆａｅｕｓｃｒeiｕｉtａ，

ａnd

the

latter

includes

edaphic

climaχes

composed

mostly

of

Ｐtｅｒｏｃａｒ:ｙ°

ｒhoifolia．

(5)

1 ろ

The

Ｓａｓａｍｏｒｐｈｅtｏ-Ｆａｇｅね皿iｓ

tχ，ｅonly

association

belonging

to

the

Ｆａｇｉｏｒｔｃｒｅｎａtａｅ＼n

Shikpku,

occurring

at

altitudes

between

about

1000

and

1700

m.

This

association

is

the

Pacific

type

beech

forest

characterized

by

such

species

ａｓＡｃｅｒｓiehoはi・ｘｗｎ，

Ａｂｉｅｓｈｏｍｏｌゆiｓ，Ｓｙinf>ｌｏｃｏｓ

ｃｏｒｅａｎａ，

ａｎｄＳａｓのlmゆha坪ぽ但ぽａｓ（ Rather

severe

climatic

conditions,

together

with

topography,

result

in

the

occurrence

of

the

SasどI

facies

which

occupies

ridges

or

slopes

exposed

to

strong

wind

and

upper

areas

of

the

cool

temperate

zone.Abieｓ

ｈｏｍｏｌゆis

forests

covering

upper

parts

of

this

zone should

not

be

excluded

from

this

association.

On

the

other

hand,

Ｆａｇｉしｓ

ｃｒｅｎａtａ forests

accompanied

by

Ｃｙｃｌｏｂａｌａｎｏｐｉ･iｓ

aciitａａｉｅ found

in

lower

areas,

and

the

Ｓａｓ皿ipｒ(＞hetｏ-Ｆａｇｅむ皿ｔ

ｃ;ｙclobaL。ｔofiｓｔｄｅtｏｓｗｒiにｓ newly

described

in

the

present

paper｡

The

Ｕｌｍｉｏｎｄａｖｉｄｉａｎａｅ＼nShikoku

is

represented

by

Ｆtｅｒｏｃａｒｙa 7-ｈｏtかlia

iorests

occurring

along

streams.

At

present,

such

forests

may

be

included

in

the

Ｄｒｙｏｐtｅｒｉｄｅtｏ-Ｆｒａｘ.ｈ゛￡狛ｎ

on

the

Pacific

side.

This

association

presents

ａ

unique

structure

characterized

by

ａ

large

number

of

plants,

and

the ￡)ｒｖｏｔ＞tｅｒ砲ｅ tｏ- Ｆｒａｘｉｎｅ

ｔｕi ｎｃｏｉｎａｎｔhoゆｈａｃｅtｏｓｉａｎ>.

containing ｓｏ･called

“Sohayaki

elements"

is

presented

as

ａ

new

subassociation.

Refe】:ences

(＊ In Japanese

only)

Horikawa,

Y. &

Y. Sasaki.

IQSQ

: Phytosociological

studies

on

the vegetation

of

Geihoku

district

(Ｔｈｅ Sandankyo

Gorge

and

its vicinity),

Hiroshima

Prefecture.

Sci. Res.

Sandankvo

Gorge

and

Yawata

Highland

85-117. ●

Hosokawa,

T. , 1956

:

An

introduction

of 2 ×2

table methods

into

the studies

of

the structure

of

plant

_communities

_{(Ｏｎ the structure}

_{of the}

beech

forests,

Mt.

Hiko

of S.

W. Japan).

Jap.

J. Ecol.

5,

58-62,

93-100,

150-153.

Ikuno,

K. &

T. Hatano,

1951

: The

forest vegetation

on

Mt.

Kurodake

(mimeocraDhecO*.

Biol.

Invest

Mt.

Kurodake,

Oita

Pref.

63-81. .

Karizumi,

N. &

O. Tokui,

1956

: On

the beech

forests in

Takanawa

Peninsula,

Shikoku.

J. Jap.

For.

Soc.

38,

263-268.

Kochi

Regional

Forestry

Office,

1939

:

Report

on

the forest

vegetation

in

the district under

the

jurisdiction

of the Kochi

Regional

Forestry

Office.

*

Nakamura,

T. &

T. Yamanaka,

1951

: Ecological

study

of

the

bog

of Nokanoike-yama.

*

Bull.

Soc.

PI.

Ecol.

1,

89-94.

Nakano,

H. , 1942

z Forest

vegetation

in Japan.

* Bot Mag.

Tokyo

56，

186-190.

Sako,

S. , 1960

: On

the beech

forest

(ＦａｇIｔｓ

ｃｒｅｎａtａ

Bl. )

in the district

in its southern

limit of

distribution.

Bull. Fac.

Aer.

Kaeoshima

Univ.

No.

9,

128-136.

Sasaki,

Y. , 1958

: Phytosociological

studies

on

the forest vegetation

of Mt.

Mitoku,

Pref.

Tottori.

Seibutsugakkaishi

of Hiroshima

Univ.

8, 16-28.

Sato,

W. , 1946

: Studies

on

the plant-climate

in the south-western

half

of Japan,

I, III.*

J. Sci.

Kanazawa

Normal

Coll.

1, 1-59,

73-87.

Suzuki,

T. , 1949

:

The

temperate

forest

vegetation

in

the

upper

stream-area

of

River Tenryu.

Gijutsu-kenkyu

No.

1, 57-73･

1951 : The

forest climaxes in East Asia. *

1953 : The

forest climaxes of East Asia. Jap. J. Bot 14,

1-12.

1954 : Forest and bog vegetation within

the Ozegahara

Basin.

Sci. Res.

Ozeeahara

1960 : Outline of the forest vegetation of mountain

districts in

middle

Kyushu.

*

Moor

205-268.

Reported

at the 70 th Annual

Meeting

of Jap.

For.

Soc.

Tatewaki,

M. , T.

Tsujii,

&

M. Tohyama,

1961

:

Tatewaki's

iconography

o￡ the

vegetation

of

the

natural

forest in Japan （ｖｎ）Ｔｈｅ

forest vegetation

along

the

valleys in

the forest zone

of

Ｆａｇｉ‘･ｓｃｒeiiaはof

northern

Japan.

1-89.

(6)

14 3, 18-30.

1958

Sea-typとclimate.

332-342.

高知大学学術研究報告第11巻自然科学Ｉ第２号

Forest vegetation in the boundary

area

within the Pacific-type and the Japan

Forest vegetation in Oku-Nikko

eχcept Mt Nantai.

J. Jap. For.

Soc. '40,

1961 : Phytosociological revision of the dominant

species of Ｓａｓａ-type

undergrowth

(Silvi-cultural

application

of

the

researches

on

Japanese

forest

vegetation).

Spec.

Bull.

Coll.

Agr.

Utsunomiya

Univ.

No.

11, 1-35.

Yamanaka,

Ｔ･， 1953a : The

vegetation of

Uwaiima

cit＼',Shikoku.

Bull. Soc.

PI. Ecol.

2, 156-161.

1953b : Studies on the forest vegetation on N4t Tsurugi,

Shikoku∠Ibid.

3, 53-59.

1953c : Studies on the vegetation of Mt

Ishidzuchi, Shikoku.

Res. Rep.

Kochi

Univ.

2 (14), 1-11

1953d : The

vegetation of Ｋａs】liyamaPass, Prov. Tosa, with special reference to the

Fａｇｕｓ-Abieｓ-Ｃｙｃｌｏｂａｌａｉｉｏｐｓiｓ community.

* Bull.

Fac.

Educ.

Kochi

Univ.

No.

4, 51-54.

3バ43-152

1954a : The

vegetation of Onogahara

and Odamiyama,

Shikoku. Bull. Soc. PI. Ecol.

1954b : Studies on the forest vegetation of Yanaze

district,Shikoku, Japan. Res. Rep.

Kochi

Univ.

3 (10),

1-12.

1956 : On

the transition from

the warm-temperate

to the cool･temperate forest region

in Shiko】ku,

Japan.］bid.

5 (20),

1-6.

1960 : Review

on the phytosociology

of forest climaxes in

ShikoUu.!bid.

(Nat.

Sci.

I), 9, 63-68.

1961

: Abies

fii‘■Ilia

and

Tsiiga

sieb。Z心,･.forestsin Shikoku

(Forest

climaχes in Shikoku

Japan

1). Ibid.

10,

19-32.

W52こＣｈａ。１ａｅりJ)ａｒiｓ-ｔｙｐｅ

forests in

Japan.

Act.

Phytotaχ｡

Yamazaki,

T. & N.

Nagai,

1960-1

: Vegetation

of Mt. Ettyu-Asahi,

Jap. Bot. 35, 341-351,

36, 213-222.

Geobc比 20，

Pref.

Toyama.

Journ.

Yatoh,

K. , 1958 : Materials for the botanical study on the flora of the Kii Peninsula V.

Analysis

and classificationof the forest communities. * Bull. Fac.

Agr.

Mie Univ.

No.

18, 105-167.

Yoshii, Y.

& K.

Yoshioka,

1949 : Profile of the vegetation of Japan (U). * Ecol. Rev. 12, 71-78.

Yoshioka,

K, , 1938 : Montane

forestson Mt. Hakkoda

l. ０ｎ the forestsof ＦａｇＭ's-Sa∫a

climax zone.

Ibid. 3, 187-205.

322-338,

4, 27-38.

(7)

Tａｂｌｅ 1.

Ｓａｓａｍｏｒｐｈｅｔｏ-Ｆａｇｅｔｕm Ｓｕｚ. -Ｔｏｋ. ︵芯忽︶

r 4 c｡J e。肖4 t･1

r r､ヽ） ← ω t､，呻

，．

ｊ

｀ｌ

／

゛Ｅ

付

Ｚ。

_{§回「rEﾄﾞ゛}

§ｌｙ∃三五・

Ｍプ゜

’･.Sc/）ョに

ogc/っ,

g゜｀

ﾊﾞﾝﾄﾞ

ﾘD卜

召回ｏａＥﾄ:

M

C/っ゜

−Ξｏョに。

゜1∃3.c力漕§｀’

ｏｒ２ｓｉご

とりｮ22

s

回に

召回（゜ａＥｚ

Ｍ（／っ゜

岩ぶ（゜sEﾐご

茫c“ o

岩呂け）aΞE

;2

M（ﾉっ゜1

召ぺ;?5ﾐ呂い2

召屋oaΞls

c/っ c⊃

t刈

召回に）ョヨｚ

吻゛ｏ

むいｌｏａ

Ｅａ

１（″ ゜

岩３び）ョごに．

尚ぶ（/¨呂c°

・rD!莱ｓ

むべjに）ｓ回§

だ゜

orリ○･ii召

§回゜）･.Ei§

だ（゛ｏ

岩屋（^ａΞば

図C/っ゜

−ぶ・ョZ。

゛Ξi c/っQ･召c^’

に=IS に=1口 a"H同国 ;ﾖに=1に1に=1に=1 白に=￨口に=1同に=1−白目ぷぷ国一一に=4 ぶ i≦ 一回白χ 一目χ 図−ベー≦m にa<x

Constancy

ヽ l ヽ a - s - - - ≒ 4 - り 1 - - - - トー ‘ - ド Q - - - ﾄｰ一峠 I Q ひ N - - - トー ‘ ドー - - - 4 - - H - - 、 ○ - - - 、 a 、 O - - - - s M ヵ - O J C O O N I S J O ^ ヽ､ j C ヽ､ 1 4 0 4 N 4 4 N ひ Q 、ｺﾄｰ - ‘ 4 φ ひ C 乃 N 4 0 Q α ｺ ∼ a ω N 八〇 C n j s ^O J O ヽ a α ） l ､ j ω ﾄｰ - ‘ Q ヽ､ l ‘ ヽ O v O O > ひ ○ ﾄｰ - ‘ トー ‘ 4 0 t o C ) ← ぁド “ C O C O C O c j nC O C O c ^ Q C X ⊃ Q Q へ O ^ Q ω ○ ひ C O v O t / 1 ﾄ一 t O C 3 t o C O s O 4 ﾄｰ − C

Coverage value

* Ｌ =

limeｓtｏｎｅ.

(8)

-T ａｂｌｅ２ . ＳａｓａｆａｄｅｓｏｆＳａｓａｉｎｏｒｐｈｅｔｏ -Ｆａｇｅｔｕ m Ｓｕｚ . -Ｔｏｋ . ︵１９５２︶

r 4･- Q e､j ← t11

r

Q’ ← 4 Q to ←

S. k ？a “ り

ｙｌ十

、

｝回ご゜

G° ｀゜ g

パ『ｙＨ

目付ド

●Ｚ。

Ｎに4（/い］ ←

_{哨 O C/1 0 H}

図 C/）゜

。ご・ｃご

り四ﾉ1 りりＱＱ

図 C/）゜

Z −

吉色ｒヨ包 −

ｍ゛゜

こ C/つ ←

ＩＳＣ／）･ｉＳ４

゛１（／）ご

Ｚ −

以宕 μﾝＳＳ c-n

図゜

Ｚ。

宕苫 μ>Ｓ呂い7ヽ

1 °

Z 。

5? 茜剽ｇ ’り、l

り1りり］。。

Ｍ °

Ｚ。

_{ａＳ μ･Ｓ刄ヽ･}

むわ゜

Ｚ。

鴎ご四p ヨま cx⊃

l c^ ゜

Z 。

S jgl μ）Eﾖま・ａ⊃

城゛゜

C/っ ←

む４Ｓｙ ∃ SS α･

城゛゜

岩Ｚ。

り、C/っ cぃ-･

_{１。 ∃ t､）。、}

ふ C/）ぴ，心

ｏ吻

C/）ﾄ＿

← ふ C/）ロふ s-○ りI C刀 CO α⊃

１のｏ

Ｚ。

← ふ C/いに冪に--･

りに/1 この Cy（カ

だ（‘）゜

o r C/゜･i 回芯

のｏ

ｃ）ｒ゛，曇ｇ

ｏｏ

（／） ←

_{４ ∽ のＣ。１･，_．}

００ w ＯヽＯ

図 C/っ゜

（ﾉっ ←

トー o（^） 4 e､.

゜ Ξa c/っａ § ゜．

ｏｒｒ･ｉＳ宕

目ぶ目目一ロー一ロに=4に=iHi=iに=1 に=にヨー目口Ｓ同 − a< Ｘ − に=ax 白目＜＜＜

_Constancy

- ｏヽ ∽ ●- to

CO トーaH トー゛ＱＮＱ４ ←●４ＱＫ）

ts3 cn Ｑ同心vO

vO tsJ

vO CO←‘ ISJ

to vo to

oo Ｃへ４⊃り1 ヽ4 ISJ

to C3O ISJ

CO C3N トー‘り1

CX⊃、ｺ to

tj.iCTn ヽ､a

DO t>j oj Mヽa44ひ -J

I―' ―J α）り1 ひ Q ﾄｰ-ぁ｀ Q吋 4 ひり、a coo

t>j ヽaﾄ一一

Coveragevalue

* Ｒ

=

ｒｈｙolitｅ>

ＳＣ=ｓｈａｌ

(9)

Tab＼e3.

Ｄりｏｐtｅｒｌｄｅtｏ-Ｆｒａエｉｎｅはｍｃｏｍ。ｉthoｓｐｈａｃｅtｏｓｕｍ Yamanaka,

subass.

nov

Locality

Altitude(m)

Topography*

Base rock**

Eχposition

Steepness 1

4 4 7 17 18 18 21 23 23 26 27 28 30 32 33 33 33

1190 1190 1250 1590 950 1220 1140 1090 1230 1150 1490 1300 1340 1150 1400 1420 1480

st st st us st‘ st

st st‘st・ st st‘ st

st st st st st

ss ss A cs cs C cs cs cs cs cs ss ss cs cs cs cs

N15E

N15E − S40W

N80E

S60E

S45W

S80E

N35E

N40W

S30W

S40W E S35E

S40E

S80E

10 10 − 40 10 5 30 20 15 20 10 10−20

゛25 20 30 25 30

Ｚ

ｊ

ぴつ

Ｊ

｜

Q

ｒ

J§

Characteristic

species

of

￡)ryopterideto-Fraxineはｍ

１Ｆｒａエinus spaethi。ia

２ Acer

carpinifolium

ﾒl.argutum

1)eutzia

c.rp.nataＶ、nakaii

３ Hydrangea

tnacroplp.

serrata

Yiburniim

plicaはｍ

v、ｔＯ刀tentosimi

4 Ｐｏりsticimm

retrosopaleaceumヽＪ．

ovatopaleace･ほｍ

PolygonujH

dehile

Mi￡ella

pauc･ifl ora

Cfir＼isost>lenittiフレmacrost。non

八2eomαμiponica

￡)?"V｡戸teris

pりlylepis

Chrysosがeniutn

album

Ancystr｡carya

ja戸りnica

7'パgonotisみ7？vipes

Ｃａ司。nine

tanakae

Scrop几以ａ石s

ｄ･ａがicatoserraは

Differential

species

of

coinanthosphacetosum

3 Philadel夕hus

satsumi

v．ほncifolius

4 Ｃｏ。'Uinth.osfiace steUiiIaV.

、 tosaeれsis

C. S. V. sublanceolata

Stellavia

paniculigera

S. sesslliflora

Cirsium

tp.nueｖ. ishizuchiense

Impatiens

hypo夕りμａ

Aconiti￡ｍ

srossedentatum

v.

sihohianum

UI￡ica

angustザｏ鴎ｖ、sikokiana

y1Γαみμ∫εΓΓαμ2

V.・sikohiana

Klatostema

umbellatum

Arisaema

tematipartiはjn

Cacalia

tebahnen^iis

Characteristic

species

of

Vlmion

dai]idianae

1 Pterocarya

rhoifolia

Acer

monoV-

mar?Ttoratum

l.

heterophyllum

Cercidiph:μlum

i aponicum

Aesculus

turhinata

Kiiptera

ｊ)ｏりandra

Acer

■monoV・ambiguum

Ainu;;

Ｍｒｍはv.sibilica

Ulmus

laciniaは

I

SamhuciiSi

sieboldiana

3 higustruni

tschonoskli

4 Ｐｏりstichum

ｔｒゆteron

Cacalia凝固itnitfolia

haportea

bulbifera

Pｏりstichum

7･etrosoかaleaceum

Rumohra

sはndishii

Wasabia

japonica

Cardamine

leucantha

higularia

fische八

Galium

iaponicum

￡)iplazium

sqiiamigerum

G＆m

japonict｡ｍ

乃?Γαごど2rpa caり7θぶαV. circaeoides

Panax

iaponicus

Rubia

chin・tsis ｖ. glabrescens

Athyrium

pycnosorum

LHydrangea

petioぬ百s

Major

companionj

１ Cornus

contro-uers￡

C.macrophylla

2 ０ｒiエa j aponica

Parabenzoin

trilobum

FraxinusほniiginosaV.

serrata

Parabenzoin

paraecox

Ruony刀1US

ox:yl,りllus

Vibtぽnum

erosu･ｍ

Acer

sieboldianiim

Stevjartia

monadelpha

Ｓｙ､nplocos

coreana、

｀3 Sasamorblia

piirpurascens

Cephcdotaius

harringtoniav、nana

召'ydrangea

scandens

Rubtts

palmaはs

４ Careエfernaldiaxia

Angelica

pubescens

Spuriopimpinella

nikoensis

函緬臨th.c

bifida

Pｏりvonum

ihunbergiiｖ．

stoloniferum

Kuonymus

melananthus

Isodon

ｌｏｎがtubus

Car

ex

morro'vむii

Pｏりgonum

cuspidatum

B

rachypodiumりIvaticum

Viola

shihokiana

Coniograrmne

intermedia

Pｏりgonum

fdiforme

Athyrium

tjidalit

LRhus

ambigua

Euonymus

fortuneiｖ、radicaれＳ

● ● ● ● ５ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ゛ ● ３ ● ● ２１１３３ ● ２ ● 十３２２十 ● ● ・ ● ● ● ・ ● ● ● ゛ ● ● ２ ● ● ● ４（十）｛十｝・（十）（十）２十（十）（十）２（１）（１）・２（１）（十）・ ● （十） ● 十 ● ● ● ● （１）・ ● ● （１）・ ● 十 ● ● ● （十） ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十十 ● ● ２２１ ● ２ ● ● １１十 ● ● ● ’ ２十十 ● ● 十 ● １十十 ● ● １十１十十２２２ ● ● ● ● ２３ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ２１十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● 十十 ● １十 ● ● ２十十１十十 ● ● 十十 ’ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ２十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １十 ● ● ● ・ ● １ ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● １ ● ● ● 十・ ● ● 十１ ● ● ・ ● ● 寸働 ● ● ● ● 尚 ● ＋ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● 十十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ． ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ＋ ● ● ＋ ● ＋ ● ● ● ● ． ● ● ● ● 十 ● （十） ● ● ・ ● 十 ● ● ● ● ２ ● 十１ ● ２ ● 十 ● ● ３５ ● ３５３ ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十３３ ● 十４３３ ● ２ ● １ ● ● ● ● ● ． ● ２２ ● 十２ ● ２１２ ● ● ● ● ２ ● ３１十１ ● 十１１十十１ ● １ ● 十， ● ● ● １、２３ ● １． ● 十１３２ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １十 ● ● ‘ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ２ ● ● ● ‘ ● ● ２ ● ● 十十 ● ● ● ● ．２ ● ● ● ● ● ● １十 ● ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ２ ● ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● 十１ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ● １ ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● １ ● 十十 ● 十 ● ● ● ･ ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ＋ ● ● ● ● ＋ ● ● ● ？゜゛゜゛３５４４ ● ，５３５５５５４５４ ● ２３ ● ● ● ３ ● （１） ● ● （十） ● ● ｛十｝ ● ● ｛十｝２５３ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ４（１） ● （１） ● ３ ● ● （１） ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ・ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 、 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● （２）２ ● ９ ● ● ● （１） ● １ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ・ ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ● ２ ● ● ● ● ｛十｝ ● ２ ● ● ● ● ｛十｝ ● ● ● ● ｛十｝ ● ・・・（１）・（十）．・（十）・・１（２）｛十｝１ヽ（十）（２）（十）（十）（１） ● 十 ● ● １ ● １（十）十（十）１ ● ● ● ● １十十２３ ● 十２２２十 ● 十１ ● ● ● ● ２ ● ● ● 十十 ● ● ● １３十１２十２ ● ● ● ● １１ ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● 十２２３ ● ● ● ● １２ ● 十１十十 ● ● ２十１２２３， ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １１ ● ● ● ２ ● ● ● ● 十２ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ２１２ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ３ ● 十 ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● 十十１ ● １ ● ２ ● ● ● ● ● ● 十１ ● １ ● ● 十・ ● ● 十 ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十１ ● 十十十 ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● 十 ● １ ● ● ゛ ● ● ● ● − ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ● ● ＋ ● ● ．＋ ● ● 士 ● ＋ ● ● ● ● ● ２ ● （十）１（１）（十） ● （２）１ ● １（十）十（１）１ ● １ ● ● ● ● ． ● ● ｛十｝ ● ● ● ● ● ● ２ ● ２ ● ● ● ｛十｝ ● ２ ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● （４） ● ● ● ● ● ３ ● ● ● ● ● ３２ ● ｛十｝ ’ ● ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ２ ● ● ｛十｝ ● ● ● 十 ● １ ● ２（１） ● ２１・ ● １十１ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● （十） ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ２ ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● （十） ● ２ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １ ● （１） ● ● 十 ● ● （十） ● ● ● ● ● （十） ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ，十 ● １ ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ● １． ● ● 毎 ● 争 ● ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ● 、 ● ● ● ● ５ ● ● ・ ● ● ● ● ● ２ ● ・ ● ● ● （１） ● ● ● ２１ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １十１十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● （十） ● ● ● （十） ● ● 十 ● （１） ● ● ● ● ● ３２ ● ● ● ● ２３３２２２ ● ２ ● ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ２ ● ● ● ● ● ３ ● ● 十 ● ● . ， ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ３ ‘ ● ● ● ･ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ・ ● ● ・ ● ● ● ３ ● ２ ● ２ ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● １ ● ● ● ２１ ● ● ● ● ● ● ，十 ● 十 ● ● ゛ ● ● ● ● ● １十 ● ● ･ ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ２ｉ．２ ● 十十 ● ● ● ● ● 十十十 ● ｀ ● ｀ ● ・ ● ･ ● ● ● 十・ ● ● ● ● １ ● 十．十 ● ● １ ● ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ・ ● ● ● ● 寸 ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ･十１ ● ● ● ● ● 十十十十 ● ● ● 十 ● ● 十十 ● ● ● ● ● ● 十十 ● ● ● ． ● ● ● 十 ● ● 十十 ● ● ● ● 十 ● ● ● ● ● 十十 ● ● ， ● ● （十） ● ● ● ゛ ● ● （十）（１）（十） ● ● ● ● ・ ● ● ● ● （十） ● ● （十）・ ● ● （十） ● ● （十）（十） ● ● ●

Deciduous forests in the cool temperate zone of Shikoku (Forest climaxes in Shikoku, Japan 3)

Deciduous

forests in the cool temperate zone of Shikoku一一

(Forest

climaxes

in Shikoku,Japan3)

Tsugiwo Yamanaka

I.

Introduction

The

cool

temperate

zone

of Japan

is characterized

by

the Ｆａｇｕｓ-Ｓａｓａ-tかｅ

climax

which

is

peculiar

to

East

Asia

(Suzuki

1952,

1953).

The

Japanese

beech

forests

are included

in

one

alliance,

the Ｆａｇｉび?lcｒｅｎｄtａｅ．comprising

two

distinct

associations,

i.e.,

the Ｓａｓｅtｏ-Ｆａｅｅtｕni

・

and

the

Ｓａｓａｍｏゆｈｅtｏ-Ｆａｇｅｔｕｖｉ. ＼｡ ゛

Cool

temperate

forests

in

Shikoku

have

been

studied'by

the

Kochi

Regional

Forestry

Office

(1939),

Sato

(1946),

Nakamura

and

Yamanaka

(1951)',

Yamanaka

(1953-1961),

and

Karizumi

and

Tokui

(1956).

As

the

result

of

these

studies,

it has

become

Ｓａｓａｍｏゆｈｅtｏ-Ｆａｇｅｔｕｖｉ. ＼｡゛

Ｆａｅｉｏｎｃｒｅｎａtａｅ

ａｔｅａ＼ｓｏ

the Ｃ]ｉａｎｉａｅｃｙｐａｒｉｄｉｏｎｄｙｔｕｓａｅ(Yamanaka

ｄａ-ｕidia皿ｅ＼n Shikoku