Vol.64 , No.3(2016)196笠松 直「Saddharmapundarika-sutraにおけるsamadapana-／samadapana-の語形成について」

The Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies The JapaneseAssociation of Indian and Buddhist Studies

(122)

_Journal

_oflndian

and BuddhistStudiesVol.64,No.3,March 2016

On

the

derivation

ofsamadapana-/k;amadapana-

in

the

Saddharmapurpdarika-sUtra

KAsAMATSu

Sunao

1.

Should

sama-dapana-

in

KP

Be

Emended

to

Read

sama'da'pana-?

There are six occurrences of samaddipana-

in

the editions KN

[ed.

Kern and Nanjio] or

WT

[ed.

Wogihara

and

Tsuchida]

of

Saddhp

(-

table

I).

All

of

these

are

found

in

as a member of compounds as

fbllows:

KN

II:

40,3-4

(=

WT

37,6-8)

_yad

idarp

tatha'gatojn-a-nadars'anasama-da-panahetunimittam

sattvdnarp

tathagato

'rhan

sanryaksa-rTibuddho

loka

utpaclyate, "That

is,

indeed,

the TUthagata,

Arhant,

Sanryaksar;ibuddha

is

born

in

the world

in

_order

to

incite

_people

for

the

TZithagata's

insight

_and

knowledge."

As

the

final

member of

Bahuvr/This,

it

is

inflected

using

the

_gender

that

agrees with

the

noun

which

it

_qualifies

as

follows:

KN

II:

43,8-10

(=

WT

40,4-8)

tatm

S'a-riputra

_ye

s'ravakah . . .

imarp

kriya'm,

tathagatasya

buddhaya'na-samadapanarTi

na s'rn.vanti... na te

S'a-riputra

tathagatasyas'ravaka-veditavya-h., "Now}

O

S'a-riputra,

such

disciples

...who

do

not

hear

the

fothagata'sactivity

inciting

the

_people

to

[realize]

the

Buddha-vehicle

.,.

O

Sariputm,

they

should not

be

acknowledged as

Tathagata's

disciples."

Here

the

reading Table I:Occurrences ofsamii[laYpana- and samadipaka- inthe Kashgar ms. and KNIWT

Kashgarms, KN(WT)

(o)samadapaka-47a4;177a3;19ob6i)

esamadapana-46b2,48a5,49a3,50a2;50b6;83b5 esamadapanimslb4-5.

(e)samddapaka-

40,11(37,18);200,4(176,23);466,8(380,27) osamadapana- 40,3(37,7);41,5(38,5);41,16(38,20);42,7

(39,7)2);42,17(39,21);77,12(73,16)

esamadapana'm _43,8-9(40,6) -

₁₁₆₄

on the

derivation

ofsarnadapana-!Sama'dapana- intheSaddharrnapurpdarika-sUtra

(KAsAMATsu)

(123)

OsamadapanarTt

is

doubtful.

WT

has

_emended

it

_as esamadttpanarli. _This

interpretation

is

tenable

because

only

the

form

samadapana-

is

attested

for

the

most

_part

in

BHS

literature.3)

The

same

is

true

for

the

agentive noun samadapaka- as

fbllows:

KN

II:

40,11

(=

WT

37,18-19) tathagatojn-anadans'ana-samadapakaevaharn

Sariputru,

"I am,

indeed,

the

_person

who

instructs

[these

people]

in

the

Tlathagata's

insight

and

knowledge,

O

Sariputru."

Edgerton's

BHSD

5671

suggests

that

KP

14,4

Osamonapako

fbund

in

_the

_prose

_portion

is

to

be

emended

to

odapako:

_KP

_14,4-s

prctvrty'ydsamadapako

bodhisatvasya

bhatakalya"amitru

sarvakurwfalama)-lopastambhdya, `tA

person

who

incites

people

to

pravrtgya

is

a

_good

friend

of

the

Bodhisattva

and

the

one

fbr

supporting all

_good

deeds."

His

emendation may

be

appropriate

because

there

is

the

form

samdidapO

in

the

_prose

_portion

of KP: KP

4,7--8

_yas'

casatvan, , ,

tan

sarvan uttarasya(iti)sanryaksarpbodhldu] samadapa[EJ(tV

4}_.., ,

"If

they

incite

these

_people

to

the

highest

sarrtyalcsarpbodhi ...."

Assuming

these

fbrms

are

derived

from

sam-a-da, we would expect

the

form

odape.

Instead,

the

fbrm

odape

in

_the

verses: KP 14 2ab

_pravrqiya

_ye

capi samadapenti temitizimalarT! sugatasya vuktah, `tAnd

if

there

are those who

incite

people

after

their

becoming

a monk, they are said

to

be

friends

or a source

[ofmerit],"

which

forms

we should adopt?

2.

Samadapana-,

sama-dapaka-

in

the

Kashgar

Manuscript

All

the examples

found

in

the

Kashgar ms. show the

_peculiar

readings as

fo11ows:

Kashgar

ms.

II:

46b2 tathagatojn-anadars'ana-samadapana-hetunimittam,"In order

to

incite

[the

people]

to

the

Tkithagata's

insight

and

knowledge";

Kashgar

ms.

II:

47a4

bodhtsatva-samadapaka ' _evahai!i

Saradvatiputra,

L'I _am,

indeed,

the

instructor

of

Bodhisattvas,

O

Saradvatiputra";

Kashgar

ms.

II:

51b3-5

_ye

. , .

ima(in)

krrtyam

tathagatctsyanirdis'ato

buddhayana-samadapanim.

na s'rn,vamti...,"If

there

are

_people

who

do

not

hear

the

[dharrna-]proclaiming

the

TUthagata's

activity

inciting

[the

people

to]

Buddha-vehicle..."

(cE

KN

43,s-lo).

It

is

noteworthy

that

the

forms

found

in

the Kashgar ms., sama-dapana- and samadapaka-, are same as

the

ones

fbund

in

Pali

literature.

2.1.

Samddape-ti

in

Verses

Only

the

stem samadape-`'

is

fbund

in

the

verses of

the

Kashgar ms, and

KNIWT

as

fbllows:

Saddhp

I

2sab

(-

KN

12,11,

WT

10,15-16)

_{pramodyav'a-tah}

_pravadanti

dharmarTt

samadapento

bahu-bodhisattvan,

`loyfu11y;

they

[the

Bodhisattvas]

_proclaim

the

law)

-The Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies The JapaneseAssociation of Indian and Buddhist Studies

(124)

Onthederivationofsamadapana-1lsamaddpana-intheSaddharrnapmpdarika-satra(KAsAMATsu)

inciting

many Bodhisattvas";Kashgar ms. I:19a6-7

_{pra-modycy'a-tah}

_pravadanti

dharmaip

sama-dapenti

bahusatva

bodhaya,

"Joyfu11y,

they

_proclaim

the

law;

they

incite

many

_people

to

enlightenment."

2.2.

Sama-dapaya-"

in

the

Prose

Potion

of

the

Kashgar

Ms.

against

Sama-da-paya-ti

in

KN/WT

Though the Kashgar ms. _shows

the

form

_{sama-dapaya-ti,}

the

_{regular samadapaya-ti i4sused}

throughout

KNIWT

as

fo11ows;

Kashgar

ms.

V:

136b6

tad

bhagavdin

bodhau

sama-dapayati;

KN

137,9

(=

WT

127,6) tarp

bhagavan

bodhau

samadapayati, "Bhagavant

incites

him

to enlightenment"

There

is

a

distinction

between

_{sarnadapita- ofthe}

Kashgar

_{ms. and}

KNI

WT's

samadapita-.

The

only exception

that

I

can

find

is

as

follows:

Kashgar

ms.

XXVIII:

457a4 as'raddhds' _{ca satva}

ihdigradharmesu

_{sarnada-payitazyani,} "Here, _the

_peopie

_who

have

no

faith

are

to

be

incited

tothis

fbremost

law";

KN XXVII: 485,4-5

(=

WT 392,20-21)

_ye

caS'raddhah sattvds te'smin

dharmaparydye

samadapayitavyah, `tAs tothe

_people

who

have

no

faith,

they

are

to

be

incited

to

this

law."

All

occurrences ofsamada-Upe-`" or samada-"paya-'i in

the

Kashgar ms. or

KNIWT

that

I

can

find

are shown

in

the

fbllowing

table

II.

Table II

Kashgarms. KN(IWT)

verses

_prose

verses

_prose

samadapemi(oremi)61b5,62b7, 63b2-3 57,10(56,12);58,8

(57,13);323,9

(275,10)

samadapemo 56,4(54,22)5) samdnapeti(oroti)31a2,380a5 23,6(20,24);394,4

(333,16)

sama-dapenti 19a6-7,19b4 12,16(11,1) sama-dapenta- 51,8(48,23) samadtrpento 12,11(10,16);64,7

(63,18)

samadtrpisye 69al-2 samadapirtsu 58a3 samadapayati 136b6 samuda(pa)yet 334a4 -

₁₁₆₆

-On

the

derivation

ofsamadapana-!lsamada-pana-

in

theSaddharmapurpdarika-sUtra

(KAsAMATsu)(125)

sama-dapayisyami 449b4 samadapayamasa 176a7 sama-daptyarriti 76a7 samada(pa)yitvdi 334a5 samadapita- 8times6> samadapcryati 71,10(69,10);137,9

(127,6);464,12

(379,24)

samadapayet 347,8(293,24)7) samadapayisyami 476,6(386,28-29) sama'dapayitva

348,8(293,24-25)

samada-payitarya- 457a4 485,5(392,21) samadapitavas- _{182,10(163,1)} samadapita- 9timesS)

3.

Conclusion

What

has

been

discussed

above may

be

summarized as

fo11ows

in

table

III.

Table III

Kashgarms. KNIWT

pali

verses _prose verses

_prose

samadape-ti

o

o

o

(e)sama-dapana-

o

0

osamddapaka-

o

o

sama'dapaya-ti

o

sama'dapita-

o

o

samadapaya-ti

o

(o)samadapana-

o

osamadapaka-

_o

samada'pita-

o

samada-pita;lya-

(lx)

Usage seen

in

the Kashgar ms,

refer to _{one more example of a}

is

the

same as

that

ofPali

literature.Iwould

like

to

dative

infinitive

fbund

in

the

Agokan

inscriptions:

-1167-The Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies The JapaneseAssociation of Indian and Buddhist Studies

(

126)

Onthe

derivation

ofsamtuapana-!lsamaddipana-intheSaddharmapurpdarika-satra

(KAsAMATsu)

samadapayitave alarri capalam sama-dapayitave, "to

be

able

to

incite

unsteady

people"

(Delhi-TopraIs,

Allahabad

KausarnbiI4,

RadhiaI5,

RampurvaI4).

Itemerges

from

this

survey that the stems samadape-t`

found

in

the verse

portion

ofBHS

literature

and sama-dapaya-tT

jn

the

_prose

_portion

of

the

Kashgar

ms. are the same as

the

one

fbund

in

Pali

literature

and ASokan

inscriptions,

i.e.,

Middle

Indo-Aryan

languages.

Causative

sama-dape-"i or samadapaya-t' are

formed

from

the

_present

stem

like

as Pali

adapeti,

thapeti

etc.

(cf.

A

Pali

Grammar

g180;

Pischel

[1981]

g551).

Passive

samadaptyatriti isconstructed

with -tya-

from

_present

stem

(cf.

A

Pali

Grammar

g176.2;

Pischel

[1981]

5535;

Edgerton

BHSG

g37,6).

Future

form

samadapisye

fbund

in

Kashgar

ms,

69al-2

would suggested

that

sama-dap

is

treated

as set-root. Thus

it

seems reasonable

to

assume that the nouns samadapana-/lsamadapaka- are

fbrmed

from

this

_pseudo-root

samddap with -ana- or

-aka-suffixes.

It

should

be

concluded,

from

what

has

been

discussed

above,

that

there

must

be

samdidapana-13iamadapaka- as well as samadapana-![samadakapa-

in

the

BHS

literature,

especially

in

the

Saddhp's

Kashgar

manuscript.

Notes

1) Toda's

[1981]

Index

TI

_(p.

361)

admits samadapaka- atthe end of 44ob3, But there isonly samadapa, ekalp _could

presurnably

be

added inthe missing _partof the

leaf

440. Cf

its

parallel

KN

466,8tathdgatadars'ana-sarnaJda-pakab.

2) Khadaliq'sFragrnent6

(verso)

reads .,,madapanam eva satvd[n](a)[rri].

3) Based on my _personalexperience, itissame as

in

themss. of Saddhp. Cf Watanabe

[1975],

Kotsuki

[2014]

andJiang

[1988].

According toTsukamoto

[1988],

the only exception

is

sama'dapanam

of T,ms.

(MS.

no, 412).Although BHSD 5671

gives

an entry

fbr

sarnadapana- in

Sikij.

XVIII:337,1-2

but

in

fact

the textreads sama-dayanena

(cf.

Bendalt's

[1897-19o2]

Index IIs.v.samadetyi and samadapanatd).

4) +samadapayati. Filling_{up some missing syllables according} to

Siks.

53,2-3.

s) LUshunms.readssa(m)a(dape)m(o).

6) Kashgarms. 114a2,177b5, 179bl, 296b2, 298bl,299a2,

300a3,

366a7. 7) Khadaliq'sFragment 77

(verso)

reads samadapa at theend ofline

6.

8)

KN

_(wr)

110,7

(102,27);

183,14

(164,2);

185,7

(165,6);

309,5

(262,9);

310,15-311,1

(264,2);

311,7

(264,11-12.);

312,4

(265,1);

380,4

(321,23);

464,13

(379,26).

Abbreviations

BHS: Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit.

BHSD:

Buddhist

_HYbrid

SansiatitDictiona,y.KN: Saddhp edited

by

Kern

and Narljio.KP: Kdyapa-Parivartaedited

by

VOrobyova-Desyatovskaya. ms.: manuscript.

Saddhp:

Sanskrittextof 5addharmapundanTkct-Satru.

Siks.:

Siks,

dsamuccaya

edited

by

Bendall.

WT:

-11os-Onthe

derivation

ofsama'dapana-13;ama'da-pana- intheSaddharmapundarika-satra

(KAsAMATsu)

(127)

Saddhp

edited

by

wogihara and Tsuchida.

TextsBendall,

Cecil.Isg7-1902.

Ciks,asamuccaya:

A Compendium

of

BuddhisticTleaching;Compiled

by

Ca-ntideva,

BibliothecaBuddhica 1.St,Petersburg:Commissionaries

de

1'Acad6mie

inp6riale

des

sclences.

Chandra,Lokesh.Ig77.Saddharma-Pu"darika-5Utrti:KashgarManuscript.Tokyo:Reiyukai.

Hultzsch,E.1925.Inscriptions

_qfAs'oka,

Oxfbrd:

Clarendon

Press.Reprint,New Delhi:Archaeological

Surveyoflndia, 1991.

Jiang

Zhongxin, 198s. A SanskritManuscript

ofSaddharmapu4darika,

KeptintheLibrary

ofthe

Culturul

Palace

ofthe

Nationalities,

Beijing.

Beljing:

China

Social

SciencesPublishingHouse.

Kern,

H.,

and

Bunyiu

Narljio.1908-1912. Saddharmapundarika Bibliotheca

Buddhica

lo.

St.

petersburg: Inpr

de

1'Acad6mie

imp6riale

des

sciences,

Kotsuki,Haruaki.2014. SanskritLotus Sutm Manuscript

from

the AsiaticSociedycKolkata

(No,

4079):

RomanizedTlext.Tokyo:Soka

Gakkai.

Stael-Holstein,Baron A.von, 1926.

The

Kdyapaparivarta:

A

MahdyanasUtra

ofthe

RatnakuFaClassinthe

OriginalSanskrit,inTibetanand inChinese.Shanghai:Commercial Press.

Toda, Hirofumi. 1981. SaddharmapupdarikastitTu:CentrulAsian Manttscripts Romanized Tlaxt.

Tokushima:Kyoiku Shuppan Center.

Vorobyova-Desyatovskaya, M. I.2002. The Kdyapaparivarta:Romanized Tlextand FUcsimiles,In

collaboration with Seishi Karashirna and Noriyuki Kudo. Bibliotheca Philologicaet

PhilosophicaBuddhica s.Tokyo:Intemational Research Institute

fbr

Advanced Buddhology

Watanabe, Shoko. 1975, Saddharmapundan-kaManttscripts found inGitgit.Part 2,Romanized Text,

Tokyo:Reiyukai.

Wille,Klaus. 200o, Fragments _qfa Manuscript

of

theSaddharrnapu"darikasatra

_fiom

Kha-daliq,Tokyo: Soka Gakkai.

Wogihara,U.,and C.Tsuchida.1934,Saddharmapupdarfka-Satram:Rornanizedand RevisedZext

oj'

the

BibliothecaBuddhicaPublication

by

Consulting

a Skt.MS.

&

Tibetanand ChineseTnctnslations.Tokyo: Sankibo

Buddhist

Book

Store.

References

Edgerton,Franklin,1953.BuddhistltybridSanskritGrammar and Dictionary.2 vols, _{New Haven: Yale} UnjversityPress,

Geiger,wilhelm. 1994.A PaliGrammar, Translated

by

Batakrishna

Gosh,

Revised

and edited

by

K.R.

Norman. Oxfbrd: The PaliText Society

It6Zuiei

crmeeebl

et aL 1993.

Bonbun

Hohekyo'Ogihara,Tlsuchida-bonsjsakuin

KIS[UiaggeXth

' _±

M7IstwtptB1,Tokyo:Benseisha,

Pischel,R.1981.A

Grammar

ofthe

Prdkrit

Languages.

Translated

by

Subhadra

_Jha.

Delhi:Motilal

Banarsidass.

The Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies The 　Japanese 　Assoclatlon 　of 工ndlan and _Buddhlst 二_St二udles

（128）



On　the　

derivation

　ofsama −

dapana

−／5αm百

d

δPαηα一inthe　Saddharmapu4dari1（a−sUtra （KAsAMATsu）

Tsukamoto

　

Keish

_{δ塚本 啓 祥}et　al．1988．　Bonbun　Hokekyδ　shahon 　shdSei　

Ro

“

maji−

bon

，　sakuin 梵 文 法華

　　

経 写 本集成ロ ーマ _{字本 ・索引 ．}Vol．2，Tokyo：Bonbun 　Hokeky6　Kenkyakai ． woolner，　Alfred　C．（1924）1gg3 ．Asoka　Text　and 　Glossary．　Delhi：Low

　Price　Publications．

Key　w ・rds3 硼 面 ＠α η α一，sam δ

dOPaka

−，　Kashgar　manuscript

　　　　　　　

（Associate　Professor，　National　lnstitute　ofTechnology ，　

Sendai

　

College

）

New

　

Publication

BDK

　

Tripi

 

aka

　

Translation

　

Series

Esoteric

　

Texts

The

　

Sutra

　

ofthe

　

Vow

　

ofFulfilling

　

the

　

Great

　

Perpetual

　

Enjoyment

　　　

and

　

Benefiting

　

All

　

Sentient

　

Beings

　

without

　

Exception

　　　　　　　

（

大樂

金

剛

不 空

眞

實

三

_麼

耶

經

）

　　　　　　

Translated

　

by

　

Taisen

　

Miyata

　

The

　

Matahga

　

Sutra

　　　　　

（

摩 登 伽 經

）

Translated

　

by

　

RolfW

．　

Giebel

　 　 　 ノ

　　　　　　

The

　

Bodhicitta

　

Sastra

（

金 剛 頂 瑜 伽 中發 阿 耨

多

羅

三

藐

三

菩提

心

論 ）

　　　　　

Translated

　

by

　

Minoru

　

Kiyota

　　

15 ．6x



23 ．1　cm

，161　

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4

，

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，2015

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