in Liquid Bridge
Koichi NISHINO,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yokohama National University1 ࡣࡌࡵ ࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡣẼᾮ⏺㠃ࡢ⾲㠃ᙇຊ໙㓄ࡼࡗ ࡚㥑ືࡉࢀࡿὶࢀ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬⾲㠃ᙇຊ໙㓄ࡣ ᗘᕪ㸪 ⃰ᗘᕪ㸪㟁ሙࡼࡗ࡚⏕ࡌ㸪 ᗘᕪࡼࡿࡶࡢࡣ⇕ ẟ⟶ὶ㸦thermocapillary convection㸧ࡶࡤࢀࡿ㸬 Ẽᾮ⏺㠃ࡁ࡞ ᗘᕪࡀⓎ⏕ࡍࡿ⁐⼥ᮦᩱ࡛ࡣ㸪 ⇕ẟ⟶ຊࡀ㔜せ࡞ᑐὶ㥑ືຊ࡞ࡿ㸬୍⯡㸪㏻ᖖ 㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࡛ࡣ㸪ᚤᑠࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢẼᾮ⏺㠃࠾࠸࡚࣐ ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡀ㢧ᅾࡍࡿ㸬࠼ࡤ㸪ᾮ㸪ẼἻ㸪 ᾮ⭷࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛ࡣయ✚ຊẚ࡚⾲㠃ຊࡀ༟㉺ ࡍࡿࡽ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࡛ࡣᐦᗘᕪᑐ ὶࡀᾘኻࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪ࢫࢣ࣮ࣝࡢᑠࢆၥࢃࡎ࣐ࣛࣥ ࢦࢽᑐὶࡀ㢧ᅾࡍࡿ㸬 ᮏ✏ࡢ㢟┠࠶ࡿࠕᾮᰕࠖࡣ㸪ᑐྥࡍࡿྠ㍈ࢹ ࢫࢡࡢ㛫ᠱᯫࡉࢀࡓᾮయࢆᣦࡍ㸬Fig.1 ࡣᾮᰕ࣐ ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡢᶍᘧᅗ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࢹࢫࢡ㛫 ᗘᕪ'T ࡼࡿ⾲㠃ᙇຊ໙㓄ࡀᾮᰕഃ㠃స⏝ࡍࡿ㸦'T =Th-Tc㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Thࡣຍ⇕ࢹࢫࢡ ᗘ㸪Tcࡣ෭༷ ࢹࢫࢡ ᗘ㸧㸬ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝ㸪ᐃᖖ㍈ᑐ⛠࡞ࢺࣟࢲࣝ ≧ࡢࣇ࣮ࣟࣃࢱ࣮ࣥࢆ♧ࡍ࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡀⓎ⏕ࡍ ࡿ㸬'T ࢆቑࡉࡏࡿ㸪ὶ㏿ࡀቑࡋ㸪ࡸࡀ࡚㠀㍈ ᑐ⛠࡞ືὶ㑄⛣ࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡶࡑࡶᾮᰕࡣ㸪↓ᐜ ჾಖᣢࡢ༢⤖ᬗ⫱ᡂ᪉ἲ࡛࠶ࡿࣇ࣮ࣟࢸࣥࢢࢰ࣮ ࣥἲ࠾ࡅࡿ⁐⼥ᮦᩱࢆᶍᨃࡋࡓὶࢀሙࡋ࡚╔┠ ࡉࢀࡓࡀ㸪⌧ᅾ࡛ࡣ࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡢᏳᐃᛶࢆㄪ ࡿᆺⓗ࡞ὶࢀሙぢ࡞ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ㏻ᖖ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࡛ࡣᾮᰕ㛗 H ࡣᩘ mm ௨ୗ㝈ࡽࢀ ࡿࡢᑐࡋ࡚㸪ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࡛ࡣ㸪ᙧ≧ࡀ┤ᰕ࡛ ࠶ࢀࡤ㸪Rayleigh 㝈⏺㸦H=SD㸪ࡇࡇ࡛ D ࡣᾮᰕ┤ ᚄ㸧ࡲ࡛ࡢ㛗࡞ᾮᰕࢆᙧᡂࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ㸬ࡇ ࡢࡇࡣ㸪༢⤖ᬗ⫱ᡂࡢどⅬࡽࡣᆺࣥࢦࢵࢺ ࡀᚓࡽࢀࡿࡇࢆពࡍࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶ Ᏻᐃᛶࡢ◊✲ࡢどⅬࡽࡣ㸪ձࡁ࡞࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽ ᩘ㸦ࡑࡢᐃ⩏ࡣᚋ㏙㸧ࡀᐇ⌧࡛ࡁࡿ㸪ղᐦᗘᕪᑐὶ ࡀᾘኻࡍࡿ㸪ճᾮᰕᙧ≧ࡀ㔜ຊኚᙧࢆཷࡅ࡞࠸࠸ ࡗࡓ㸪㏻ᖖ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࡛ࡣᚓࡽࢀ࡞࠸᮲௳ࡀᐇ⌧ࡉࢀ ࡿࡇࢆពࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃࡢ㨩ຊ ࡣከࡃࡢ◊✲⪅ࡼࡗ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬Fig. 2 ࡣ ࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶ㛵ࡍࡿࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢᚤᑠ㔜ຊᐇ㦂ࢆ ᖺ௦㡰♧ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛1)㸪㧗 ⁐⼥ᮦᩱ㸦ప Pr㸧࠶ ࡿ࠸ࡣప ㏱᫂ὶయ㸦㧗 Pr㸧ࢆ⏝࠸ࡓከᩘࡢᐇ㦂ࡀ ᐇࡉࢀ࡚ࡁࡓ㸬 ᾮᰕ࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡢᏳᐃᛶࢆࢸ࣮࣐ࡋ࡚㸪 ᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ㸦International Space Station: ISS㸧ࡢ᪥ᮏᐇ㦂Ჷࠕࡁࡰ࠺࡛ࠖᐇࡉࢀࡿᚤᑠ㔜ຊ ᐇ㦂ࡀ Maragoni Experiment in Space (MEIS)࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 2012ᖺࡲ࡛ࡢணᐃ࡛㸪ィ 5 ࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࡢᐇ㦂ࡀィ⏬ࡉ ࢀ㸪ᐇࡉࢀࡘࡘ࠶ࡿ㸬ᮏ✏࡛ࡣ㸪ࡑࢀࡒࢀ 2008
ࠛ240-8501 ᶓᕷಖᅵࣨ㇂༊ᖖ┙ྎ 79-5
͊E-mail: nish@ynu.ac.jp
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of Marangoni convection in a liquid bridge
ᖺ 8 ᭶㹼10 ᭶ 2009 ᖺ 7 ᭶㹼8 ᭶ᐇࡉࢀࡓ MEIS-1㸦◊✲௦⾲⪅㸸Ἑᮧὒ㸧 MEIS-2㸦◊✲௦ ⾲⪅㸸➹⪅㸧ࡢᴫせᐇ㦂ᡂᯝࢆ⤂ࡍࡿ㸬
2 ᐇ㦂⨨᪉ἲ
MEIS ࡣࠕࡁࡰ࠺ࠖᦚ㍕ࡉࢀࡓὶయ≀⌮ᐇ㦂 ⨨㸦Fluid Physics Experiment Facility: FPEF㸧࡛ᐇࡉ ࢀࡿ㸬ࡇࡢ⨨ࡢせㅖඖࢆ Table 1 ♧ࡍ㸬ᾮᰕ ࢹࢫࢡ┤ᚄࡣ 30mm 50mm㸦ᘧ㸧࡛㸪ᾮᰕ 㛗ࡋ࡚᭱ 62.5mm ࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬࡛ࡁࡿࢹ ࢫࢡ㛫 ᗘᕪࡢ್᭱ࡣ 90Υ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ࢹࢫࢡ㛫 ὀධࡍࡿᾮ㔞ࢆᚤㄪᩚࡍࡿᶵᵓࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ㸬ࡑࢀ ࡼ ࡾᾮᰕ య✚ ࢆṇ☜ タ ᐃࡍࡿ ࡇ ࡀ࡛ࡁ ࡿ㸬 MEIS-1 2 ࡛⏝ࡋࡓసືὶయࡣ 5cSt ࡢࢩࣜࢥ࣮ ࡛ࣥ࢜ࣝ࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢ≀ᛶ್ࢆ Table 2 ♧ࡍ㸬ࣉ ࣛࣥࢺࣝᩘࡣ 67 ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪Fig. 2 ࡢ㧗ࣉࣛࣥࢺࣝᩘᐇ 㦂༊ศࡉࢀࡿ㸦ᅗ୰ࡢ Kawamura (2008) Nishino (2009)㸧㸬
Fig. 2 The history of the previous microgravity experiments on the Marangoni convection in liquid bridges (sounding rocket experiments: TEXUS, TR-1A, MAXUS, space shuttle experiments: SL, D2, SPACEHAB,
International Space Station experiments: KIBO)
Table 1 Primary specifications of FPEF
Functions Items and Methods Specifications
Argon gas 20 NL/min at 88.2 to 101.3 kPa Fluid supply
Cooling water 8.5 kg/h with Tinlet=16-23qC and Toutletd43 qC
Test fluid 5 cSt silicone oil
Tracers Metal-coated polymer particles 30 or 180µm in dia.
Disk diameter, D 30 and 50 mm
Liquid bridge formation
Length of LB, H up to 62.5 mm
Heated disk temp. maximum 90qC
Temperature control
Cooled disk temp. minimum 5qC
Imaging Three B/W CCD cameras with 768u494 pixels 3-D flow field observation
Illumination Strobe lighting at 60 Hz
Imaging One color CCD camera with 768u494 pixels Side-view observation
Illumination Strobe lighting at 60 Hz Surface temperature
measurement Infrared imager
Wavelength sensitivity of 8-14µm temperature range of 0-100qC Surface velocity
visualization Photochromic method
One color CCD camera 768u494 pixels N2-gas laser for excitation
FPEF ࡢ≉ᚩࡣ」ᩘࡢほᐹ࣭ィ ⨨ࢆᦚ㍕ࡋ࡚ ࠸ࡿࡇ࠶ࡿ㸬Fig. 3 ♧ࡍ㏻ࡾ㸪3 ḟඖὶ㏿ィ ⨨㸪ഃ㠃ほᐹ⨨㸪IR ࣓࢝ࣛ㸪⾲㠃ὶ㏿ほᐹ⨨㸪 ᚤ⣽⇕㟁ᑐ ᗘィࡀᦚ㍕ࡉࢀ࡚࠾ࡾ㸪ᆅୖ⟶ไᐊ ࡽࡢ㐲㝸᧯సࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ὶࢀࡢྍどࡢࡓࡵ㸪 እᚄ 30Pm㸦MEIS-1㸧࠶ࡿ࠸ࡣ 180Pm㸦MEIS-2㸧ࡢ 㔠㸫ࢽࢵࢣࣝ⿕そࣉࣛࢫࢳࢵࢡ⢏Ꮚࡀὶయ୰ᠱ⃮ ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪MEIS-2 ࡛ࡢ⾲㠃ὶ㏿ィ ࡢࡓࡵ 㸪ὶయ୰ᚤ㔞ࡢࣇ࢛ࢺࢡ࣑ࣟࢵࢡᰁᩱ㸦TNSB㸪 0.01-0.05wt%㸧ࡀΰࡐࡽࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ISS ࡣᏱᐂ㣕⾜ኈࡢάືࡸྛ✀⨨ࡢ✌ാ㉳ ᅉࡍࡿつ๎࡞㔜ຊኚື㸦g-jitter㸧ࡀᏑᅾࡍࡿ㸬≉ Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈࡢάື㉳ᅉࡍࡿ 0.3Hz ㏆ࡢࡶࡢࡣ㸪 ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜ࣝᾮᰕࡢࡁ࡞ᦂືࢆᘬࡁ㉳ࡇࡍᜍ ࢀࡀ࠶ࡿ㸬Fig. 4ࡣࠕࡁࡰ࠺ࠖ⯪ෆ࡛ ᐃࡉࢀࡓ g-jitter ࡢ㛫Ἴᙧ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ᏹᐂ㣕⾜ኈࡢᑵᐷ้࡛࠶ࡿ 21:30GMT㸦ࢢࣜࢽࢵࢪᶆ‽㛫㸧ࢆ㐣ࡂ࡚ࡶࡁ࡞ g-jitter ࡀᏑᅾࡋ㸪23:00 㡭ࡽࡲࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡓࡵ㸪 MEIS࡛ࡣ㛗࠸ᾮᰕࡢᙧᡂࢆ 23:00 ௨㝆⾜࠸㸪Ᏹᐂ 㣕⾜ኈࡢ㉳ᗋ㛫࡛࠶ࡿ 06:00 ࡲ࡛ᾮᰕࢆヨᩱ࢝ ᐇ㦂࡛ࡣ㸪෭༷ࢹࢫࢡ ᗘࡣ 20Υಖࡓࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ୍᪉㸪ຍ⇕ࢹࢫࢡ ᗘࡣ 4Υ้ࡳ࡛ࢫࢸࢵࣉୖ᪼ ࡉࢀ㸪࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡢᏳᐃᛶࡀฟ⌧ࡍࡿྰ ࢆㄪࡿ㸬ศ࡞⇕ᖹ⾮ࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵ㸪ྛ ᗘࢫࢸࢵ ࣉ࠾ࡅࡿᚅࡕ㛫ࡋ࡚ 30 ศ௨ୖࡀྲྀࡽࢀ࡚࠸ ࡿ㸬 3 ᐇ㦂ᡂᯝࡢᴫせ ࢹࢫࢡ┤ᚄ D=30mm㸪㛗ࡉ H=3㹼60mm ࡢᾮᰕ ࡘ࠸࡚ືὶฟ⌧ࡢ⮫⏺ ᗘᕪ'Tcࢆ ᐃࡋࡓ㸬 ࡑࡢ⤖ᯝࢆ Fig. 6 ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪ᶓ㍈ࡣᾮᰕࢫ ࣌ࢡࢺẚ Ar=H/D ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬'Tcࡣᾮᰕᙧ≧㸦┤ᰕ ྰ㸧౫Ꮡࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪MEIS ࡛ࡣ Vr=0.95 ⤫୍ࡋ ࡓ㸬ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Vr=(ᾮᰕయ✚)/(SD2 H/4)࡛࠶ࡿ㸬MEIS ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ㸪Ar ࡢቑຍࡶ'Tcࡀῶᑡࡍࡿഴྥࢆ ♧ࡍ㸬MEIS-1 MEIS-2 ࡣ 1 ᖺ㏆࠸㛫㝸ࡀ࠶ࡾ㸪స ືὶయࡶ␗࡞ࡿࡀ㸪୧⪅ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣⰋዲ࡞୍⮴ࢆ♧ࡋ ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬㏻ᖖ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࡛ࡣ Ar=0.75 ⛬ᗘࡀୖ㝈࡛࠶ ࡾ㸪ᅇࡢ MEIS ࡼࡗ࡚ Art0.75 ࡢ⣔⤫ⓗ࡞ࢹ࣮ ࢱࡀึࡵ࡚ྲྀᚓࡉࢀࡓ㸬
Fig. 3 Schematic of the measurement apparatuses installed in FPEF and a photo of the mission part of FPEF (upper right)
'Tc ࢆྵࡴ↓ḟඖᩘࡣ㸪ḟᘧ࡛ᐃ⩏ࡉࢀࡿ⮫⏺࣐ ࣛࣥࢦࢽᩘ Mac࡛࠶ࡿ㸬
c T c Ma V 'T H UQD (1) ࡇࡇ࡛㸪Q
^
Q( )Th Q( ) 2Tc`
㸪Dࡣ⇕ᣑᩓಀᩘ࡛࠶ ࡿ㸬Fig. 7 ࡣ Macࢆ H ࡛ࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋ㸪ᚑ᮶ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦㏻ ᖖ㔜ຊᐇ㦂ᚤᑠ㔜ຊᐇ㦂㸧ẚ㍑ࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 ㏻ᖖ㔜ຊࡢᆅୖᐇ㦂ࢹ࣮ࢱ㸦H<6mm㸧ࡣ㸪Mac=6u103 㹼3u104 ࡢ⠊ᅖ࠶ࡿ㸬୍᪉㸪㐣ཤࡢᚤᑠ㔜ຊᐇ㦂 ࡣ H ࡢቑࡶ Macࡀ㢧ⴭቑࡍࡿഴྥࢆぢ ࡏ㸪≉ࢫ࣮࣌ࢫࢩࣕࢺ࡛ࣝ㛗㛫ᚤᑠ㔜ຊᐇ㦂ࢆ ⾜ࡗࡓ Monti ࡽࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦5cSt ࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜ࣝ㸪D=30, 45, 60mm㸧2)ࡣᑐᩘࢢࣛࣇୖ࡛ Macࡢ┤⥺ⓗ࡞ቑ ࢆ♧ࡍ㸬ࡇࢀᑐࡋ࡚㸪MEIS ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ H ᑐࡍࡿ ᙅ࠸౫Ꮡᛶࢆ♧ࡍࡶࡢࡢ Mac㸻 u104㹼5u104ࡢ⠊ᅖ ࠶ࡾ㸪Monti ࡽࡢ⤖ᯝࡼࡾ୍᱆⛬ᗘᑠࡉ࠸㸬ࡇࢀ ࡲ࡛ࡢᚤᑠ㔜ຊᐇ㦂ࡽࡣ㸪ᾮᰕᑍἲࡀቑࡍࡿ㸦 ࡀቑࡍࡿ㸧 Macࡶቑࡍࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓ ࡀ㸪MEIS ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣࡑࢀࢆྰᐃࡋ㸪ᑠᾮᰕࡽᾮ ᰕࡲ࡛ Macࡀྠ࣮࢜ࢲ࡞ࡿࡇࢆ♧ࡋࡓ㸬 Fig. 8ࡣ㸪ḟᘧࡢ↓ḟඖື࿘Ἴᩘ F ࢆ Ar ᑐࡋ ࡚ࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬 2 2 F S fH Q (2) ࡇࡇ࡛㸪f ࡣື࿘Ἴᩘ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬MEIS ࡢ⤖ᯝࡣ Ar=1.25㏆࡛ F ࡢ㐃⥆࡞ኚࢆ♧ࡋ㸪ࡑࡇ࡛ Ᏻᐃᛶࡢ࣮ࣔࢻࡀኚࡋࡓࡇࢆ♧၀ࡍࡿ㸬ᅗ୰ࡢ Fig. 4 Time traces of g-jitter signals measured on KIBOFig. 5 Typical procedures for each experimental run in MEIS
Fig. 6 Critical temperature difference plotted as a function Ar
2
+༳ࡣ⥺ᙧᏳᐃᛶゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ3)࡛࠶ࡿ㸬MEIS 㢮ఝ ࡋࡓ↓ḟඖື࿘Ἴᩘࡢࢪࣕࣥࣉࡀண ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬 ࡋࡋ㸪ྠࡌ⥺ᙧᏳᐃᛶゎᯒࡢ Macࡣ MEIS ࡢ⤖ᯝ
ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ m ࡢኚࢆ Ar ᑐࡋ࡚ࣉࣟࢵࢺࡋࡓࡶ ࡢࡀ Fig. 10 ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬Ar=0.1㹼0.5 ࡢ⠊ᅖ࡛ࡣ㸪Ar ࡢ ቑຍᑐࡋ࡚ m ࡣ㐃⥆ῶᑡࡋ㸪Art0.5 ࡛ࡣ m=1 ୍࡛ᐃ࡞ࡿ㸬ࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡢ㏻ᖖ㔜ຊ⎔ቃࡢᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ ࡽ Arum㹼1 ࡢᡂ❧ࡀㄆ㆑ࡉࢀࡁࡓࡀ㸪MEIS ࡼ ࡗ࡚ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࡛ࡣ Arum<1 ࡞ࡿࡇࡀ♧ࡉࢀ ࡓ㸬 ୖ㏙ࡋࡓࡼ࠺㸪Ar=1.25 ࡛↓ḟඖື࿘Ἴᩘࡀ 㐃⥆ῶᑡࡍࡿࡇ㸪ࡋࡋ࿘᪉ྥ࣮ࣔࢻᩘࡣ୍ ᐃ㸦m=1㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡣ㸪㛗࠸ᾮᰕࢆ⏝࠸ࡓ MEIS ࡛Ⓨぢࡉࢀࡓ᪂ࡋ࠸▱ぢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ࡑࡢࡼ࠺࡞ືࣔ ࣮ࢻᵓ㐀ࡢኚࡢ≉ᚩࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿࡓࡵ㸪Ar=1.5 Fig. 7 Comparison of Mac with previous studies
Fig. 10 Relation between azimuthal mode number of oscillation and Ar
Fig. 9 Visualization of azimuthal mode number in oscillatory state
0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 10 20 30 40 0 Ermakov MEIS-1 MEIS-2 Ar F
Fig. 8 Non-dimensional oscillation frequency plotted as function of Ara
࠾ࡅࡿὶࢀሙࡢ 3 ḟඖゎᯒࢆ⾜ࡗࡓ㸬Fig. 11 ࡣ Ar=1.5㸪'T=11.2qC㸦=3.7'Tc㸧࠾ࡅࡿ⢏Ꮚ㌶㊧ࡢ 3 ḟඖィ ⤖ᯝ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ື࿘ᮇࡣ 30s ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪࿘ᮇ ๓༙ᚋ༙ࡢ 15s 㛫ࡢ㌶㊧ࡀᥥࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸬⢏Ꮚ㌶ ㊧ࡣከᩘࡢᑠࡉ࡞ ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ」㞧࡞ᣲືࢆ♧ࡍࡀ㸪 ➃㠃ᅗ㸦Fig. 11(b))ࢆぢࡿື᪉ྥࡣ༢୍㸦ࡇࡢᅗ ࡛ࡣỈᖹ᪉ྥ㸧࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀศࡿ㸬Fig. 12 ࡣ㸪Fig. 11ྠࡌᾮᰕ᮲௳࠾ࡅࡿ⢏Ꮚ㌶㊧⾲㠃 ᗘ㸦IR ⏬ീ㸧࡛࠶ࡿ㸬ᾮᰕᕥഃࡘࡢྠ᪉ྥᅇ㌿ࡍࡿ ࡀᏑᅾࡋ㸪ᾮᰕྑഃࡢ୍ࡘࡢ ࡢ㓄⨨ࢆྲྀ ࡿ㸬IR ⏬ീ࡛ࡣ㸪ᾮᰕ㍈ᑐࡋ࡚ഴᩳࡋࡓ⾲㠃 ᗘ Ἴࡀ㧗 ࢹࢫࢡࡽప ࢹࢫࢡྥࡗ࡚ఏ ࡍࡿ㸬⾲㠃 ᗘἼࡢప Ἴ㠃㸦ᅗ୰ࡢ㯮࠸ᖏ㸧ࡣᾮ ᰕᕥྑࡢ ࡢඛ➃ࢆ⤖ࡪ⥺୍⮴ࡍࡿ㸬ࡇࡢࡼ࠺࡞ ᾮᰕ㍈᪉ྥࡘࡢ ࡀ୪ࡪᵓ㐀㸦Fig. 12 ࡛ࡣᾮᰕ ᕥഃࡢࡑࢀࡽ㸧ࡣ㸪▷࠸ᾮᰕ࡛ࡣほᐹࡉࢀࡎ㸪㛗࠸ ᾮᰕࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ㸬ࡲࡓ㸪⾲ 㠃 ᗘἼࡀ㧗 ࢹࢫࢡࡽప ࢹࢫࢡྥ࠺ ࡇࡶ᫂ࡽ࡞ࡾ㸪㐣ཤࡢࣟࢣࢵࢺᐇ㦂ࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦㧗 ࢹࢫࢡྥ࠺㸧4)⥺ᙧᏳᐃᛶゎᯒࡢ⤖ᯝ㸦ప ࢹࢫࢡྥ࠺㸧5)ࡀ㣗࠸㐪ࡗ࡚࠸ࡓၥ㢟ࢆ ゎỴࡋࡓ㸬 4 ࡲࡵ ᅜ㝿Ᏹᐂࢫࢸ࣮ࢩࣙࣥ᪥ᮏᐇ㦂Ჷࠕࡁࡰ࠺ࠖࢆ ⏝ࡋࡓᾮᰕ࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡢᏳᐃᛶ㛵ࡍࡿᏱᐂ ᐇ㦂㸦MEIS㸧ࡢᴫせᐇ㦂ᡂᯝࡢ୍㒊ࢆ⤂ࡋࡓ㸬 MEISࡣ 2012 ᖺࡲ࡛ィ 5 ࢩ࣮ࣜࢬࡀᐇࡉࢀࡿண ᐃ࡛࠶ࡾ㸪ᚤᑠ㔜ຊ⎔ቃ࠾࠸࡚ࡢࡳᙧᡂ࡛ࡁࡿ ᆺᾮᰕ㸦┤ᚄ 30 50mm㸪᭱㛗ࡉ 62.5mm㸪సື ὶయࡣࢩࣜࢥ࣮ࣥ࢜ࣝ㸧ࢆ⏝࠸࡚㸪 ᗘᕪ㥑ືࡢ ࣐ࣛࣥࢦࢽᑐὶࡢᏳᐃᛶࢆ᫂ࡽࡍࡿணᐃ࡛࠶ ࡿ㸬 ㅰ㎡ ᮏ✏࡛⤂ࡋࡓ MEIS ࡣ㸪Ἑᮧὒ༤ኈ㸦ㄶゼᮾி ⌮⛉Ꮫ㸧ࡀ◊✲௦⾲⪅ࡋ࡚ᥦࡋ㸪ୖ㔝୍㑻༤ ኈ㸦ᮾி⌮⛉Ꮫ㸧㸪す༤ኈ㸪ᯇᮏ⪽༤ኈ㸪ᱜ ㄔே༤ኈ㸦௨ୖ㸪JAXA㸧➹⪅ࡀཧຍ࣭༠ຊࡋ࡚ ᐇࡉࢀࡓࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿ㸬౫⏣┾୍༤ኈ㸦JAXA)㸪ᮌ ᬽ⨾༤ኈ㸦᪥ᮏᏱᐂࣇ࢛࣮࣒ࣛ)㸪ᴮᡞ୍Ặ㸪Ἑ ྜ⏤⣖Ặ㸦௨ୖ㸪᭷ேᏱᐂࢩࢫࢸ࣒㸧㸪⩚⏕ဴஓẶ㸦୕ ⳻⥲ྜ◊✲ᡤ㸧ࡢ㛗ᖺࡢࡈ༠ຊࢆᚓࡓ㸬MEIS ᐇ ࢹ࣮ࢱゎᯒ࠶ࡓࡾ⛉Ꮫ◊✲㈝⿵ຓ㔠㸦ᇶ┙◊✲ (B)㸪21360101㸧ࡢ⿵ຓࢆཷࡅࡓ㸬グࡋ࡚ㅰពࢆ⾲ࡍ ࡿ㸬 ᘬ⏝ᩥ⊩
1) Kawamura, H., Nishino, K., Matsumoto, S. & Ueno, I.: Space experiment of Marangoni convection, keynote paper of the 14th International Heat Transfer Conference (IHTC14), August 8-13, 2010, Washington, DC, USA, IHTC14-23346.
2) Carotenuto, L., Castagnolo, D., Albanese, C. & Monti, R.: Instability of thermocapillary convection in liquid bridges, Phy. Fluids, 10-3 (1998), 555-565.
3) Ermakov, M., private communication (2010).
4) Schwabe, D.: Hydrothermal waves in a liquid bridge with aspect ratio near the Rayleigh limit under microgravity, Phys. Fluids, 17 (2005), 112104.
5) Xu, J-J. & Davis, S. H.: Convective thermocapillary instabilities in liquid bridges, Phys. Fluids, 27-5 (1984), 1102-1107.
Fig. 11 Particle traces for Ar=1.5 and 'T=11.2 qC
Fig. 12 Particle trajectories and surface temperature: (a) side-view observation, (b) 3-D measurement, and (c) IR image
