桜島火山北東部の表層地震反射構造
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(3) ,*++ + S 1 T ,*++ ++ S ,3 T . The Shallow Seismic Reflection Structure in the Northeastern Part of the Sakurajima Volcano with the Pseudo-Reflection Method ῍῍῍, Tomoki TSUTSUI῍, Mikihiro IMAI῍῍, Kazuki TSUSHIMA῍῍῍, Naofumi YAGI῍ ῍῍῍῍ Masato IGUCHI῍῍῍῍῍ and Takeshi TAMEGURI῍ Shallow seismic reflection structure down to , km b. s. l. in Sakurajima Volcano is presented with an application of Pseudo-Reflection profiling. Data used in this study are obtained through a controlled source seismic experiment, the ,**2 Sakurajima project. Two final profiles are obtained after the processing for the lines NS and EW. Prominent reflective horizons can be recognized in shallow part of the both profiles. Complicated pattern of the reflection horizons is correlated as a cross section of piled-up lava flows. Thicknesses of the historical lava flows are recognized and some unknown lava flows are also detected in both profiles. However, less reflective zone appear in +** to 2** m b. s. l. in the profile. The less reflective zone is inferred as pyroclastic materials from underwater eruptions because the zone corresponds to the low resistive layer in the resistivity profile. These results can be contributed to discuss evolution history and explosion mechanisms. Key words : Sakurajima volcano, Shallow seismic structure, Seismic exploration, Pseudo-Reflection profiling. +ῌ ῐ ῎ ῑ ῏. U 7V WVXVYZ[Z :\]^_`8abc. d A4efg! hijka"l +++1 m mBA4. noVa 9bnp q#r (+331) es$tuvwx. yza d A4ye%{|&'}~m()Y*. m7 +* km m + b ! xm , + h\. 7V`\ +3// |e! 4AomB-.. +31. +33, m /0 +33, |mm. -B]\1_`89 7oh ,**0 0 She! . /2]3_9 Hidayati et al.(,**1) es$tuvw. 445m6Aom7ABY_ ,**2 , S. 8m /m9bd 4 m Bo d m. |e.-:7ABhH_9
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(32) u?Op.½UTµ"6. w WU Z[H-+u?OpZ[H-. . Fig. +. A geometry of the observation. The labels KD and MD represent the major summits of Sakurajima, Kita-dake and Minami-dake, respectively. (a) Location of the shot points and the seismic lines. The origin is the station KUR. Solid stars locate the shot points which are used for the analysis. Solid boxes are the seismic stations. Triangles are the major summits. Thick rectangle indicate the range of (b). (b) The seismic lines and background knowledge. Geological regions are bounded after Kobayashi (+32,) and labeled with bold alphabetical letters as follows ; E : recent materials, f : fan deposit, S : +3.0’s lava, T : +3+.’s lava, A : +113’s lava, B : +.1+’s and +.1/ῌ10’s lava, N : 10.’s lava, K : Kitadake lavas, KP : Kitadake parasitic cones, and b : substratum rocks. Larger solid boxes locate drilling sites ; SHR : Shirahama, and KUR : Kurokami. Solid circles mark the resistivity sounding stations after Kanda et al.(,**2) and are labeled at the end station of each line. Seismic stations are described as those in (a) and are labeled with bold letters at the end stations..
(33) !"#$%. 203. Fig. ,. Observed seismograms. Each trace was normalized with its peak amplitude. (a) S*+ in Line NS. (b) S*+ in Line EW. (c) S*. in Line NS. (d) S*. in Line EW. (e) S*/ in Line NS. (f) S*/ in Line EW.. +32, &'() * (Fig. +b) +, NS -./0 ,ῌ ῏῍῎ῑΐ. 12345 N 6ῐ45 S 7845 B 94. ,**2 :;<= 1 >?@ABC DEF). 5῍ K GH45 A IJKLMNO&'P Q. ,**2 : ++ R STU VWXYZ[ \ . T945῍ K ] ^* +, EW _./0 . ;<X`abcde f$% 8gh*i. 945῍ K jk MNO GH45 A &'P. lm;<nYZ[o U p. Fig. + qr ,,+. 7845 B ] ^*. s ῌt !u+s 2 bv s./w* , x y. xzX\ , x +,X{/[| - } . ~+,o"#m;<ghF)[ . (S*+, S*., S*/) d
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(51) . Fig. .. Result of the trace mixing. (a) Three-point mixing, (b) Five-point mixing for the shot S*/ in Line NS. The traces are ordered the same as those in Fig.,e.. Fig. /.. Band-pass filtered seismograms for the shot S*/ in Line NS. (a) ,ῌ2 Hz, (b) ,ῌ+0 Hz. The traces are ordered the same manner as those in Fig. ,e.. 205.
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(53) . 206. Fig. 0. Distribution of Median CV for the lag time. The circles for the /s correlation window, the boxes for the +*s window, the triangles for the +/s window, and the diamonds for the ,*s window are plotted. The /s window is applied to the actual analysis.. Fig. 1. Raw Pseudo-Reflection profile along Line NS for the shot S*/. The datum is located at *., km above sea level. The horizontal axis presents distance from the northern end of the line. The vertical axis is lag time or two way time. Their amplitude is normalized with the zero-lag value.. ! "#$%&' ()*+,./012, 3&45678) *+,-./0 12, 9:;<=>)?@ "#$%&'@ABCD B *.+ῌBE,FGHIJ KL<=>M.NOIPQ ,R (Yilmaz, ,**+) S ) T)*+,-./012 ,@U>HIJ VW>)?@XY , 2 Hz BPF S. !Z[ \]^_%` a) *+,-./0. 12,bB]^_%cd Fig. 3 @eW Fig. 3 Fig. 1 fgW> hiBjklmno pqrB_%. dms @tu6v>Uw@\8). Fig. 2. Equivalent incident seismograms for each shot. Each seismogram was normalized and was scaled with percentage for its zero lag amplitude.. kxBZ[yz6{ |T6a}|)A|~|B @W>*+,-./012,]^_%cd K W> NS UY EW @>KbB]^_% cd A|~| Fig. +*a, +*b @eW \ BUw @"#$%&'B0Bm *., 6> } a}|)]^_%cdB<nBjkl{ *.+ km 6> }|> .
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(62) . 208. Fig. ++. Interpretations of the profiles. (a) Line NS, (b) Line EW. The display methods are the same as those of Fig. +*. Geological descriptions are labeled with capital letters in Fig. +. Important phases are labeled with Roman numerals I to V. The basement is inferred from the gravity basement by Komazawa et al. (,**2).. !"#$%&' ()*+,-./0+ +) 12 567893:%&' I ,) 12;<=>?@AB/. !3/4+ ,) 3 . !"%&' II CDEFG6HI mHJ. 6K<L+MNOCP0QRS:TUTU:TU. VWXYZ[\*+,-./0+,-6]^_ `%3. 3%&3a II -) bQcdef62L+ghU3id. :%&;<j%3:%&B/3khlm. *.+/*., n. %& III .) op53`6K<L+q3rs3%&. tu/4+ v<6 ,3%&3wx/Ckhlm.y. IV 3z{/4+. |}~+G.<L+ %& II 3 . +) 3 . !"%. "%& I C 36. &'CDE-!=>?`3i6~*+ . BL+lm * 3Zr/4Q 1253. 3 u ¡¢*+- £¤ +** m ¥¦3§¨s3.
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(108) *p1lI \ RMS qrN *.+s sS7g3 %&- ++-C t( )*N+,. Fig. A-. Correlation between calculated travel time and altitude. The solid line is the recurrence curve.. S++ \ S+- uSvwE Fig. A,a Jῌ \L x. yJ %p J῍ Y-zj\S7 j]g. ./E 01&n;C{2;3|W JS7Y. Cab +, S*0 ko }3 ~* \. vwEHIJῌ]8[|2W 1KZ2\}. Y Fig. A,c ]/S 43 *4 5\67. 3 Y/SZ2 j JN./E 89Z50. 1 ^:NsS , km/s sx P
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(110) W N>< J5. o *4 5 ,.2 km/s J |48N??6. Y 2@Ako5C2j\1;;C. B ?6 U C1 *YTD;C2H. 2\BKo. ;C2 1BEI\;2@AF2. ^ x 50S ,.2 km/s s W 1[g 3J 011Kj\]gC Y/Sj\ N j4S> V£G¤¥S2oC3 P
(111). C289ZE ¡< 1;;C2 =Yl¢ t¦§HW ¨21© %&- ++-C x . W \I%&-Yª«GS7j\1l;C2 j. ko¬ J1I
(112) 1 . o sx JYs 50\%K . L | & ;C®F¯°;3[ Y Fig. A - S7. 2@Ako5C2\;C±²1IZo. Fig. A- . &;C *³´1©\ Mµ;. ¶ sx 50SN@A 1x·. C +.+ km/s S7g3 ;3YgC js¸ ;N. Z¹Y<3;C2j\1;;C2\BKo. V Oº ±»SN +.+ km/s 1§HW \;C¼I. (Avseth et al., ,**/) 43 *675 -.+ km/s JN. j\Y½S7\BK.
(113)
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