非接触スマートカード上のユビキタスデータベース
8
0
0
全文
(2) Vol. 43. No. SIG 5(TOD 14). 㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ. 111. ߪ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩ࠺࠲㧘ࠕࠢࠬ ᓮࡕ࠺࡞㧘ࠢࠛ⸒⺆ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ㧚4 ┨ߢߪ㧘ታⵝ ࡕ࠺࡞ߦߟߡㅀߴࠆ㧚5 ┨ߢߪ㧘ࠕࠢࠬࡄ࠲ࡦ ߦࠃࠆ⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁㧚6 ┨ߢߪ㧘ᧄ⺰ᢥࠍ✦ߊߊࠆ㧚. 2. ȦȓǭǿǹȇȸǿșȸǹƷಒࣞ 2.1 ȦȓǭǿǹdzȳȔȥȸȆǣȳǰ ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠹ࠖࡦࠣߪ㧘ࡔࠗࡦࡈࡓ߆ࠄࡄ࠰ ࠽࡞ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲߳ߣ㧘ߘߩᯏ⢻ࠍዊဳൻߣಽᢔൻߐ ߖߡ߈ߚ㧚ߎߩᱧผ⊛ߥะ߆ࠄ੍ᗐߐࠇࠆㄭᧂ᧪ߩ. 1 ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩᔨ Fig. 1 Concept of ubiquitous database.. 1 ߟ߇㧘ȦȓǭǿǹdzȳȔȥȸȆǣȳǰ㧔 ubiquitous computing 㧕ߢࠆ12)∼14) 㧚ߘࠇߪ㧘ታ⇇ⅣႺߩਛ ߦࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲ࠍㆉߐߖ㧘ߘࠇࠄ߇⋧ߦද⺞േ ߔࠆߎߣߢ㧘ታ⇇ⅣႺ⥄ࠍ㔚⣖ᒝൻߔࠆߎߣࠍ⋡ ᮡߣߒߡࠆ㧚ߘߎߢߪห᭽ߦ㧘࠺࠲߿࠺࠲▤ℂ. ࡇࡘ࠲ߪ㧘ࡀ࠶࠻ࡢࠢᯏ⢻ઃ߈ߢ㧘ᕆㅦߦりߩ࿁. ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߽ታⅣႺߩਛߦㆉߐߖࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆ. ⴕࠊࠇᆎߚ㧚. ߛࠈ߁㧚 ߎߎߢ㧘࠺࠲ࠍታ⇇ߩࡕࡁߦᚯߔߎߣߩᗧ⟵ࠍ㧘. ߘߩน⢻ᕈ߇ታߩ߽ߩߣߥࠅߟߟࠆ㧚ዊဳߩࠦࡦ ࠅߩ㔚᳇ᯏེߦ⚵ߺㄟ߹ࠇᆎߡࠆ㧚ㄭᐕ㧘ߘࠇࠄ ߩߩ⚵ㄟߺ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ9) ߩ⎇ⓥ߿㐿⊒߽ߐ߆ࠎߦ ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘ㅢᏱߩታ⇇ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦઃ⌕ߢ߈ ࠆน⢻ᕈ߇ࠆߣ߁ὐߢ㧘᩼ᚑǹȞȸȈ ǫȸȉ. ߹ߕᚒࡓࠕࠫࡘࡒ࡞࠲ࠫ࠺ߩޘ5) ߩ⚻㛎ߦၮߠߚ. ২ᘐߦᵈ⋡ߔࠆ㧚ℂ↱ߪ㧘3 ߟߦ㓸⚂ߢ߈ࠆ㧚1 ߟߪ㧘. ඳ‛㙚ࠪ࠽ࠝߢ⠨߃ߡߺߚ㧚ඳ‛㙚ߩߪ㧘⤘. ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ߪ CPU ߿ਇើ⊒ࡔࡕڏڏ㧔 ࠬ࠻. ᄢߥᢙߩ⬿ຠࠍ▤ߔࠆߛߌߢߥߊ㧘ߟߨߦߘߩᖱ. ࠫ㧕 㧘ㅢାࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ߃ߚࡢࡦ࠴࠶ࡊࡑࠗࠢࡠࠦࡦ. ႎࠍ▤ℂߔࠆߎߣߢࠆ㧚ቇ⧓ຬߪ㧘⬿ຠࠍቇⴚ⊛. ࡇࡘ࠲ߢࠆὐߢࠆ㧚࠺࠲ࡑࡀࠫࡔࡦ࠻ࠪࠬ࠹. ߦಽᨆߒ㧘ߘߩࡔࡕ⸥ࠍ ڏ㍳ߔࠆ㧚⬿ຠߪ㧘ዷⷩળ. ࡓࠍタߢ߈ࠆᦨዊ㒢ߩࡂ࠼ ࠙ࠚࠕࠍ߃ߡࠆ㧚. ߿⎇ⓥߩߚ㧘ᄖㇱߣߩ㑆ߢ⾉ߒ୫ࠅࠍⴕ߁႐ว߽. ╙ 2 ߪ㧘ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ߪ‛ℂ⊛ߦ⠴࠲ࡦࡄᕈࠍߒ. ࠆ㧚ߚߣ߃߫㧘࿑㍳ᚑߩߚᓇᬺ⠪ߦ⾉ߒߔ႐. ߡࠆὐߢࠆ㧚ࡈࠔࠗࡗ࠙ࠜ࡞ߢ⼔ߐࠇߚ࠺. ว㧘ߘߩᓇߩᜰ␜߿⸥㍳߽ᖱႎߣߒߡ឵ߒߥߌࠇ. ࠲ࡌࠬࠪࠬ࠹ࡓห᭽㧘ߔߴߡߩࠕࠢࠬࠍቢోߦ. ߫ߥࠄߥ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߥඳ‛㙚ߩ႐ߢߪ㧘⋥ⷰ⊛ߥ. ᓮߒ㧘ᔅⷐߦᔕߓߡᥧภൻߔࠆߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ㧚╙ 3 ߩ. ᖱႎ▤ℂߪ㧘 㧔 ߽ߒ น⢻ߥࠄ߫ 㧕⬿ຠߦ⋥ធᖱႎࠍ. ℂ↱ߪ㧘㕖ធ⸅ࠞ࠼ߪࡃ࠶࠹ࠍᔅⷐߣߒߥὐߢ. ᦠ߈ㄟߎߣߢࠆ㧚ታ㓙ߦ㧘⬿ຠߦߪࠃߊ࠲ࠣ߇. ࠆ㧚ࡊࡠ࠶ࠨߦᔅⷐߥ㔚ജߪ㧘㔚⏛ᵄ߿ࡑࠗࠢࡠ. ઃߌࠄࠇࡔࡕ߇ᦠ߈ㄟ߹ࠇߡࠆ㧚ዊߐߥ DBMS ߪ㧘. ᵄߦࠃߞߡ㧘ࠢࠛߣ৻✜ߦォㅍߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚. ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ࠲ࠣߩઍࠊࠅߦߥࠆߛࠈ߁㧚. ߎࠇࠄߩℂ↱߆ࠄ㧘ᚒߪޘ㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ᛛ. ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߪ㧘࠲ࠣߣߪ㆑ߞߡ㧘ታ. ⴚࠍ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩၮ⋚ࡊ࠶࠻ࡎࡓ. ⇇ߩࡕࡁߦᖱႎࠍࡑࠢࠕ࠶ࡊߔࠆߛߌߢߪߥ㧚ᣢ. ߩᦨജߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ. ሽߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬᛛⴚ߿ᖱႎࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣ◲නߦ⛔วൻ. ࠼ߪ㧘ᶖ⾌㔚ജߩ⚂ߩߚ㧘ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ߣ. ߔࠆߎߣࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆ㧚 1 ߪ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲. Ყߴࠃࠅ㒢ቯߐࠇߚ࠰ࠬߒ߆↪ߢ߈ߥ㧚ᧄ⺰. ࡌࠬߩࠦࡦࡊ࠻ࠍ␜ߒߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚ᚒߪޘ㧘࠺. ᢥၫ╩ᤨߩᮡḰ⊛ߥࠞ࠼ߢߪ㧘8 ࡆ࠶࠻ CPU㧘ࡊࡠ. ࠲ࠍታ⇇ߩࡕࡁߦᚯߔߎߣߦࠃߞߡ㧘ᣂߒ࠺࠲. ࠣࡓ㗔ၞ 32 KB㧘࠺࠲㗔ၞ 1㨪4 KB ⒟ᐲߢࠆ㧚. ࡌࠬᛛⴚ߿ߘߩࠕࡊࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߩน⢻ᕈ߇ᐢ߇ࠆ. 㧘ࠃࠅᒝജߥ࠴࠶ࡊ 11) ߇㐿⊒ਛߢࠆ߇㧘᭽ޘ. ߩߢߪߥ߆ߣᦼᓙߒߡࠆ㧚. ߥࡕࡁߦઃ⌕ߔࠆߚߦߪㅧࠦࠬ࠻ ߪڏڏڏήⷞߢ߈. 2.2 ؕႴȗȩȃȈ țȸȠ ᰴߩ㗴ߪ㧘ᧄᒰߦታ⇇ߩࡕࡁߦઃዻߢ߈ࠆዊߐ ߥ DBMS ࠍࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ߆㧫ߣ߁ὐߢࠆ㧚ᐘ. ߥߊ㧘ଔߥ࠴࠶ࡊߦኻߔࠆ㔛ⷐߪᄢ߈㧚. 2.3 ᧙ ᡲ ᄂ ᆮ 㔚ሶ࠲ࠣ㧔ࠕࠢ࠹ࠖࡉ࠲ࠣ 㧕ߪ㧘ࡃࠦ࠼ࠪࠬ࠹. 㧘ࡑࠗࠢࡠࠛࠢ࠻ࡠ࠾ࠢࠬߩᕆỗߥ⊒ዷߦࠃࠅ㧘 ڏڏ ڏ. ඳ‛㙚ߩᖱႎ▤ℂߣߪ㧘ࠆᗧߢ⬿‛ߩಽ㘃߿㑐ଥࠍಽᨆ ߒ 㧘ߘߩࠬࠠࡑࠍᚑߔࠆߎߣߢࠆ㧚ᦨೋ߆ࠄ࠺࠲ࡌ ࠬࠬࠠࡑ߇ቯߢ߈ࠆߣߪ㒢ࠄߥ㧚. ڏڏڏ. ㄭᐕ㧘ਇើ⊒ࡔࡕߪ㧘EEPROM ߦઍࠊߞߡ㧘࠺࠲ᦠ߈ㄟ ߺㅦᐲߦఝࠇߚ FeRAM ߇ਥᵹߦߥࠅߟߟࠆ㧚 㧘߶ߣࠎߤ ߩ 32 ࡆ࠶࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩනଔߪ 1000 એߢ⸳ ቯߐࠇߡࠆ㧚.
(3) ᖱႎಣℂቇળ⺰ᢥ㧦࠺࠲ࡌࠬ. 112. ࡓ߆ࠄ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ߳ߩਛ㑆⊛ߥࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ 4). ߣ߃ࠆ 㧚㔚ሶ࠲ࠣߪ㧘ታ⇇ߩࡕࡁߦઃ⌕ߐࠇ㧘. June 2002. ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߢࠆ⁛⥄࠺࠲ࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ↪ࠆ㧚ᧄ┨ ߢߪ㧘ᚒߦߢߔ߇ޘႎ๔ߒߚ࠺࠲ࡕ࠺࡞ 6) ࠍ㧘ࠬ. RF ାภߦࠃࠅ㔚ሶ⊛ߦࡕࡁࠍ⼂ߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߔࠆ㧚. ࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߦᦨㆡൻߒߚᒛࡕ࠺. ⼂ߐࠇߚࡕࡁߩᖱႎߪ㧘ߘߩ⼂ሶࠍࠠߣߒߡ㧘. ࡞ࠍቯ⟵ߔࠆ㧚. ࡕ࠻࠺࠲ࡌࠬ߆ࠄขࠅߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߚ. 3.1 ȇȸǿᘙྵ. ߛߒ㧘ߟߨߦ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߦធ⛯น⢻ߥⅣႺ߫߆ࠅߣ. ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ. ߪ㒢ࠄߥ㧚߹ߚ⚵❱ࠍ߃ߡ࠺࠲ࠍߔࠆߩߪ. 㓸ว߆ࠄߥࠆ㧚ߎߎߢ㧘࠺࠲ࡌࠬࠍ D 㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚ ࠢ࠻ࠍ o ߢߖ߫㧘࠺࠲ࡌࠬߪᰴߩࠃ߁ߦቯ⟵ߢ. 㔍ߒ㧚 ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࠺࠲▤ℂᛛⴚߦ⋡ࠍะߌࠆ ߣ 㧘߹ߕࡈࠔࠗ࡞ࠪ ࠬ࠹ࡓߩᮡḰൻ߇ ㅴࠎߢࠆ㧚. IEC/ISO 7816 ߢߪ㧘UNIX ߩ࠺ ࠖ ࠢ࠻ ߣࡈࠔ ࠗ࡞ߦࠃߊૃߚ㓏ጀ᭴ㅧࠍቯ⟵ߒ㧘4 ⒳㘃ߩࡈࠔࠗ࡞ ᒻᑼࠍࠨࡐ࠻ߒߡࠆ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘ISO7816-4 ߢߪ㧘 APDUs㧔 Application Protocol Data Units 㧕ߣ߫ ࠇࠆࡈࠔࠗ࡞ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍᠲߔࠆᮡḰࠦࡑࡦ࠼ࠍⷙቯ 3). ߒߡࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘SCFS㧔 Smart Card File System 㧕. ߈ࠆ㧚 ܭ፯ 1. ࠆ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ D ߪ㧘ࠝࡉ ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ㓸ว {o1 , o2 , .., on } ߢࠆ㧚 ߚߛߒ㧘D ߣߘߩⷐ⚛ oi ߩ㑐ଥ㧔ࡑࡦ࠹ࠖࠢࠬ㧕 ߪ㧘member_of ߢߪߥߊ㧘has_a ߢߣࠄ߃ࠄࠇࠆ߽ߩ ߣߔࠆ㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘D ߪ㧘ࠆታ⇇ߩࡕࡁߣ 1 ኻ 1 ߢ ㅪᗐߐࠇߡࠆߚ㧘ࡕࡁߪ o ߢߐࠇࠆ․ᕈࠍ ᜬߞߡࠆߣ⸃㉼ߢ߈ࠆ㧚. ߢߪ㧘ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ࠍ UNIX ߩࡈࠔࠗ࡞ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ. ⛯ߡ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩౝㇱ᭴ㅧߩቯ⟵ߔࠆ㧚ࠝࡉ. ߣߒߡࡑ࠙ࡦ࠻ߒ 㧘ᮡḰ⊛ߥࡈࠔࠗ࡞ API ߢࠕࠢ. ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩౝㇱߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩࠛࡔࡦ࠻߆ࠄ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ㧚. ࠬߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߒߡࠆ㧚. ߎߎߢ㧘ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ᭴ᚑߔࠆㇱຠߣߒߡ㧘߹ߕࡌ. ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߦ㑐ߔࠆవ㚟⊛ߥ. ࡞ߩో㓸ว L㧘࠺࠲࠲ࠗࡊߩో㓸ว T㧘ߘߒߡ࠺. ⎇ⓥߣߒߡߪ㧘PicoDBMS ߇ࠆ10) 㧚ߎߩ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘. ࠲୯ߩో㓸ว V ࠍ↪ᗧߒߡ߅ߊ㧚ߔࠆߣ㧘ࠛ ࡔࡦ. ធ⸅ဳࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ᛛⴚࠍࡌࠬߦߒߡ㧘1 MB ࠍ. ࠻ߪᰴߩࠃ߁ߦቯ⟵ߢ߈ࠆ㧚. ߃ࠆࠬ࠻ࠫߢߩⶄ㔀ߥࠢࠛࠍല₸⦟ߊಣℂߔ. ܭ፯ 2. ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩࠛࡔࡦ࠻ߪ㧘ࡌ࡞㧘࠺. ࠆߚߩ RDBMS ߩታⵝ߇⺰ߓࠄࠇߡࠆ 㧚ࠬࡑ. ࠲࠲ࠗࡊ㧘࠺࠲୯߆ࠄߥࠆ࠲ࡊ࡞ l, t, v ߢࠆ㧚ߎ. ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬᯏ⢻ߩᔅⷐᕈߪ㧘ߐࠄߦᮡ. ߎߢ㧘࠲ࡊ࡞ߩⷐ⚛ߪߘࠇߙࠇ l ∈ L㧘t ∈ T㧘v ∈ V. Ḱൻࡊࡠࠬߢ߽⼂ߐࠇ㧘หߓߊ ISO 7816-7 ߢ߽. ߢࠆ㧚. ڏ. SCQL㧔 Structured Card Query Language 㧕ߢቯ⟵. ᦨᓟߦ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߣࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߩ㑐ଥࠍቯᑼൻ. ߐࠇߡࠆ㧚SCQL ࡌࠬߩ RDMBS ߪ㧘Carrasco 1). ߔࠆ㧚㧘ࠆࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ oi ߦ߹ࠇࠆࡌ࡞㧘. ߩ JavaCard ߩ RDMBS 㐿⊒߇⍮ࠄࠇߡࠆ㧚. ࠺࠲࠲ࠗࡊ㧘࠺࠲୯ߩ㓸วࠍߘࠇߙࠇ㧘Li ⊂ L㧘. ߩࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࠺࠲▤ℂߪ㧘ࡈࠔࠗ࡞ ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ߿࡚ࠪ࠽࡞࠺࠲ࡌࠬߥߤ 㧘ᣢሽߩ. Ti ⊂ T㧘Vi ⊂ V ߣߔࠆ㧚ߔࠆߣ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ oi ߪ౮ߣߒߡቯ⟵ߢ߈ࠆ㧚. ᚻᴺߩᄢߣ߃ࠆ㧚࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠹ࠖࡦࠣ. ܭ፯ 3. ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ oi ߪ㧘ࡌ࡞ߣ࠺࠲࠲ࠗࡊ. ⅣႺߦ߅ߌࠆ࠺࠲▤ℂߣ߁ⷞὐ߆ࠄࠆߣ㧘ࡈࠔ. ߩࡍࠕ߆ࠄ࠺࠲୯߳ߩ౮㧘ߟ߹ࠅ oi : Li ×Ti → Vi. ࠗ࡞ߪᖱႎࠍតߔߩ߇㕖ല₸ߢࠆߒ㧘࡚ࠪࡦ. ߢࠆ㧚. ߪᖱႎ᭴ㅧߩਇⷙೣᕈߦኻߒߡᒙ㧚ᚒߪޘ㧘ㆊߦ ⴕߞߚ㔚ሶ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠕࡊࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߩ⚻㛎7),8) ࠍర. ᰴߪ㧘ࠆࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ oa ߩቯ⟵ߢࠆ㧚 oa : (product, string) → "aCD". ߦ㧘⚵❱ࠍ߃ߡㆉߔࠆ࠺࠲ߩ․ᕈߦ⌕⋡ߒ ߚ. oa : (price, currency-yen) → 1200. ࠺࠲▤ℂᚻᴺߩ᭴▽ࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡࠆ㧚. oa : (price, currency-usd) → 10. 3. ȇȸǿșȸǹȢȇȫ ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߢߪ㧘ታ⇇ߩࡕࡁ⥄り߇ ⥄ಽߩᖱႎࠍ▤ℂߔࠆߚ㧘ᖱႎߩࡏࡘࡓࠃࠅᄙ ᭽ᕈ߇㊀ⷐߦߥࠆ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘ᚒ⥄ߪޘᏆ⸥ㅀ⊛ߥࠝࡉ. ᵈᗧ㧦࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ߪ㧘⺰ᢥ 6) ߢ⺰ߓߚߣ߅ ࠅ㧘ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߩฬ೨ࠍߘߩᔨࠍߔࡌ࡞ߣታ ⇇࠲ࠗࡊ㧔නߥߤ 㧕ߦಽ⸃ߔࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߢߪ㧘ᛒࠍන⚐ൻߔࠆߚ㧘ⶄวࠝࡉ ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪዉߒߥ߽ߩߣߔࠆ㧚หᤨߦ㧘ߎߎߢߪ. ڏ. ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻⼂ሶ߽⋭⇛ߔࠆ㧚ߘࠇߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩ⚵❱ ߚߛߒ 㧘㕖ធ⸅ဳࠞ࠼ ߢߪ㧘㔚Ḯଏ⛎ߩ㒢⇇߆ࠄਇើ⊒ࡔࡕ ߩタ㊂ߪᄢߦ㒢ߐࠇࠆ㧚. ߩ㑆ߢ⼂ሶߩ໑৻ᕈࠍ⸽ߔࠆߚߦߪ㧘㐿㎛.
(4) Vol. 43. No. SIG 5(TOD 14). 㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ. ⸽♽ߣ㔚ሶ⸽ᦠ8) ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠅ㧘ᧄ⺰ᢥߩ▸࿐ࠍ ߃ࠆߚߢࠆ㧚. 3.2 ǢǯǻǹСࣂȢȇȫ ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩ․ᓽߪ㧘ਇ․ቯᄙᢙߩ ࡙ࠩ߆ࠄߩࠕࠢࠬ߇ᗐቯߐࠇࠆὐߢࠆ㧚ߘߩߣ ߈㧘࡙ࠩߪฦࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߏߣߦ⇣ߥߞߚᮭ㒢ߢࠕ ࠢࠬߔࠆᯏળ߽ዋߥߊߥ㧚࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌ ࠬߢߪ㧘ߘߩߚ࠺࠲ࡌࠬනߢ⸽ߔࠆߩߢߪ ߥߊ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻නߢ⸽ߔࠆߎߣ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆ㧚 ᚒߪޘ㧘ਇ․ቯᄙᢙߩ࡙ࠩߣฦࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ㑆ߩ ࠕࠢࠬᮭ㒢ߩ㑐ଥࠍ◲නߦኻᔕઃߌࠆߚ㧘ࡠ࡞ 㧔 role 㧕ࠍዉߔࠆ㧚 ฦࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ㧘ߘߩᠲࠍⴕ߁࡙ࠩߦኻߒߡ㧘 ᠲߩ⋡⊛ߏߣߦߊߟ߆ߩࡠ࡞ࠍ⸳ቯߢ߈ࠆ㧔ߚ 㧚ฦࡠ࡞ߦ߅ߡ㧘 ߣ߃߫㧘creator ߿ owner ߥߤ 㧕 ᠲߒߡࠆ࡙ࠩ߇ࠕࠢࠬߔࠆᮭ㒢ࠍߒ ߡࠆ߆ߤ ߁߆⸽ࠍⴕ߁㧚ߎߩ⚵ߺߪ㧘ࡄࠬࡢ ࠼ ⸽ࠍ↪ࠆߣ㧘ᰴߩߣ߅ࠅቯᑼൻߢ߈ࠆ㧚߹ߕ㧘 ࡠ࡞ฬ r ࠍ㒢㓸ว R ߩⷐ⚛㧘ࡄࠬࡢ࠼ p ࠍ 㒢㓸ว P ߩⷐ⚛ߣߔࠆ㧚ߎߎߢ㧘ࠆ⸽♽ σ ߪ㧘 㑐ᢙ σ : R × P → {T, F} ߦߥࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ ߩ⸽♽ σ ߦኻߒߡ㧘σ(r, p) → T ࠍḩߚߔ (r, p) ߩ ࡍࠕߪ㧘1 ߟߛߌߢࠆ㧚߹ߣࠆߣ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ ߩ⸽♽ߪᰴߩࠃ߁ߦቯ⟵ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚 ܭ፯ 4. ฦࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ o ߪ㧘⁛⥄ߩ⸽♽ σ ࠍ ᜬߟ㧚ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ o ߇㧘R ⊂ R ߦኻߒߡࠕࠢࠬ ᓮ߇⸳ቯߐࠇߡࠆߣߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇߩ ri ∈ R ߦኻ ߒߡ σ(ri , pi ) → T ߣߥࠆ pi ∈ P ߇ o ߢቯ⟵ߐࠇ ߡࠆߎߣߢࠆ㧚 ࡙ࠩߪ㧘ࡠ࡞ฬߣࡄࠬࡢ࠼ࠍࡍࠕߦߒߡ㧘ࠕ ࠢࠬᮭ㒢ࠍ₪ᓧߔࠆ㧚ࠆ࡙ࠩ߇㧘(r, p) ߢࠕࠢ ࠬᮭߩ₪ᓧࠍⴕߞߚߣ߈㧘ࠆࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ o ߪ. 113. → {li , ti , oa (li , ti ) } ... {li , ti , ob (li , ti ) }, .. update {li , ti , vi } by {(r, p)} where {(lj , tj ) cmp vj } → {li , ti , oa (li , ti ) }, {li , ti , ob (li , ti ) }, ... SQL ߩࡑࡦ࠹ࠖࠢࠬߪ㧘ၮᧄ⊛ߦሽߐࠇߡ ࠆ㧚․ᓽߪ㧘ࠢࠛߏߣߦ by ▵ߦࠃߞߡ㧘ࡠ࡞ߩ ᜰቯࠍⴕ߁㧚where ▵ߩ cmp ߪ㧘ᲧセṶ▚ሶߢࠆ㧚 ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߢߪ㧘᭴ᢥࠍ◲⇛ൻߔࠆߚ㧘. cmp = {=, <>, <, >, <=, >=} ߩ 6 ⒳㘃ߩṶ▚ሶߒ ߆ࠨࡐ࠻ߒߥ㧚 ᵈᗧ㧦࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡕ࠺࡞ߢߪ㧘ࠬࠠࡑ߇ሽ ߒߥߚ㧘ࡌ࡞߿࠺࠲࠲ࠗࡊߩࠪࡦ࠲࠶ࠢࠬ ⊛ߥ৻⥌ߦࠃߞߡಣℂߐࠇࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ㧘ታ㓙ߦ⇣⚵ ❱㑆ߢㆇ↪ߔࠆߚߦߪ㧘ห㖸⇣⟵⺆㗴߇⊒↢ߒߥ ࠃ߁ߦ㧘ࡌ࡞߿࠺࠲࠲ࠗࡊߩࠝࡦ࠻ࡠࠫࠍࠄ ߆ߓ᭴▽ߒߡ߅ߊᔅⷐ߇ࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘ࠝࡦ࠻ࡠࠫ ᭴▽ߪ㧘ᧄ⺰ᢥߩ▸࿐ࠍ߃ࠆߩߢ㧘ᚒࡠ࠻ࡦࠝߪޘ ࠫߩࠍ೨ឭߦ⼏⺰ࠍ⛯ߌࠆ㧚. 4. ܱᘺȢȇȫ ᧄ┨ߢߪ㧘ᗐ⊛ߥ㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ C ࠍዉ ߒ㧘․ቯߩࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ຠ߆ࠄ⁛┙ߒߡ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩታⵝࡕ࠺࡞ߩ⼏⺰ࠍⴕ߁㧚ࠞ࠼. C ߪ㧘ࡊࡠࠣࡓ㗔ၞ 32 KB㧘࠺࠲㗔ၞ 4 KB㧘ㅢ ାㅦᐲ 106 kbps ⒟ᐲߣᗐቯߔࠆ㧚ታ㓙㧘ᚒߪޘ㔚ሶ ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠕࡊࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߩታ㛎7),8) ߦ߅ߡ㧘C ߣ ห╬ߩᕈ⢻ߩࠞ࠼ ࠍᗐቯߒ㧘ᧄታⵝࡕ࠺࡞ߩࠛࡒࡘ ࠲ࠍ㐿⊒ߒߚ㧚. 4.1 ǷǹȆȠǢȸǭȆǯȁȣ ࠞ࠼ C ߢߪ㧘ࠄ߆ߦߔߴߡߩ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ ᯏ⢻ࠍታߔࠆߎߣߪ࿎㔍ߢࠆ㧚ߘߩߚ㧘ᚒߪޘ ࠶ࡄࠕࠠ࠹ࠢ࠴ࡖࠍណ↪ߒ㧘ߊߟ߆ߩᯏ⢻ࠍ ࡎࠬ࠻ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲ߦᄖㇱൻߔࠆ㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘ࡎࠬ࠻. σ(r, p) → T ߦࠃࠅ㧘r ߩࠕࠢࠬᮭ㒢߇ᓧࠄࠇࠆ߇㧘 ߩࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ o ߪ σ (r, p) → F ߦࠃࠅ㧘ᮭ㒢߇. ࠛ⸒⺆ߪේᆎࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߦಽ⸃ߐࠇ㧘ࠞ࠼ ߢታⴕ. ᓧࠄࠇߥߎߣ߽ࠆ㧚ߎߩࠃ߁ߦ㧘ቯ⟵ 4 ߪ㧘หߓ. น⢻ߦߥࠆ㧚ห᭽ߦࡊࡊࡠ࠶ࠨߢ㧘ࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ߩ. ࡙ࠩߦኻߒߡ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻නߢࠕࠢࠬᓮࠍ ⴕ߁ߎߣࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆ㧚. 3.3 ǯǨȪᚕᛖ ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ߪ㧘ࡌ࡞ߣ࠺࠲࠲ࠗࡊ߇⥄Ꮖ ⸥ㅀ⊛ߦ߹ࠇߡࠆߚ㧘࠺࠲ࠍᜰቯߔࠆ ࠬࠠࡑࠍᔅⷐߣߒߥ㧚ห᭽ߦ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ ߦኻߔࠆࠢࠛߣߘߩ⚿ᨐ߽㧘ࡌ࡞ߣ࠺࠲࠲ࠗࡊ ߇߹ࠇߚ⥄Ꮖ⸥ㅀ⊛ߥ᭴ㅧߣߥࠆ㧚ᰴߪ㧘select ߣ. update ࠢࠛߩ᭴ᢥߣߘߩ⚿ᨐߢࠆ㧚 select {(li , ti )} by {(r, p)} where {(lj , tj ) cmp vj }. ߦ࠶ࡄߣߒߡࡊࡊࡠ࠶ࠨࠍ⟎߈㧘ߘߎߢࠢ. ታⴕ⚿ᨐߪࠢࠛߩ⚿ᨐߣߒߡౣ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆ㧚นᄌ㐳 ߩࠪࡦࡏ࡞㧔ࡌ࡞߿ฬ೨㧕ߪߔߴߡ࿕ቯ㐳ߦࡃࠗ࠻ ࠦࡦࡄࠗ࡞ߐࠇࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ታⴕല₸ࠍᦨㆡൻߔࠆߚ㧘 ࠠࡖ࠶ࠪࡘ߇⛔วߐࠇࠆ㧚 ⷐὐߩ 1 ߟߪ㧘ࠞ࠼ ߩࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ࠶࠻ߩ♖㍰ߢ ࠆ㧚ℂ⺰⊛ߦߪ㧘ߎߩ࠶ࡄࠕࠠ࠹ࠢ࠴ࡖߪ㧘. CPU ߥߒߩଔߥ࠺࠲ࠠࡖࠕ࠴࠶ࡊߦ߽ㆡ↪ߢ ߈ࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ ࠢࠛಽ⸃ߪ㧘ࡎࠬ࠻ –ࠞ࠼ 㑆ߩࠗࡦ ࠲࡚ࠢࠪࡦᢙߪჇᄢߒ㧘ߎࠇߪ․ߦ ISO14443 ߩࠃ ߁ߥ㕖ធ⸅ㅢାߦ߅ߡᷓೞߥࡄࡈࠜࡑࡦࠬૐਅߩ.
(5) ᖱႎಣℂቇળ⺰ᢥ㧦࠺࠲ࡌࠬ. 114. June 2002. 2 ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠕࠠ࠹ࠢ࠴ࡖ Fig. 2 System architecture.. ේ࿃ߣߥࠆ ڏ㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘ࠞ࠼ ߢߪ㧘ࠢࠛ⸒⺆ࠍ ല₸⦟ߊಣℂߢ߈ࠆࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ⸳⸘߇㊀ⷐߣߥࠆ㧚. 3 ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠬ࠻ࠫߩࡍࠫࡈࠜࡑ࠶࠻ Fig. 3 The formatting layout of object storages.. ߽߁ 1 ߟߩⷐὐߪ㧘࠺࠲ࡊࠗࡃࠪߢࠆ㧚ේℂ ⊛ߦߪ㧘ࡎࠬ࠻ –ࠞ࠼ 㑆ߪ㧘ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ⸽. ᘙ 1 ේᆎࠦࡑࡦ࠼ Table 1 Basic commands.. ᯏ⢻ߦࠃߞߡ⋧ߦ⸽ߐࠇ㧘ㅢା߽ߔߴߡᥧภൻߐ ࠇߡࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒࡎࠬ࠻ߩࡊࡊࡠ࠶ࠨߪ㧘⠴࠲ ࡦࡄᕈ߇⸽ߐࠇߥߚ㧘ᧄ᧪⒁ඞߔߴ߈࠺࠲߇ ࡎࠬ࠻ߢಣℂߐࠇࠆߩߪᅢ߹ߒ ߊߥ㧚ߘߎߢ㧘 ࠕࠢࠬᓮߦ㑐ߔࠆᯏ⢻ߪ㧘ᄖㇱൻߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ ߥ㧚 2 ߪ㧘ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠕࠠ࠹ࠢ࠴ࡖߣฦᯏ⢻ಽഀ ߩⷐࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ㧚. 4.2 ǹȈȬȸǸȢȇȫ ߹ߕ㧘ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩࠬ࠻ࠫߩ᭴ㅧ߆ࠄᆎ ࠃ߁㧚ࠞ࠼ C ߩࠬ࠻ࠫߪ㧘1 ࡍࠫࠍ 64 ࡃ ࠗ࠻ߣߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘EEPROM ߩઍ⊛ߥࡍࠫࠨ. commands ECHO BYE SELECT OPEN READ UPDATE INSPECT CLOSE CREATE MOVE VERIFY DELETE. description ࠛࠦᬌᩏ ㅢା࠴ࡖࡦࡀ࡞ߩᱜᏱ⚳ੌ ᧦ઙઃ߈୯ߩขࠅߒ ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍࡠ࠶ࠢߔࠆ ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߩ୯ࠍ⺒ ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߩ୯ࠍᦝᣂߔࠆ ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻᭴ㅧࠍขࠅߔ ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩࡠ࠶ࠢࠍ⸃㒰ߔࠆ ᣂߒࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻↢ᚑߔࠆ ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍઁߩ DB ߳⒖േߔࠆ ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩ⸽ᦠࠍᬌᩏߔࠆ ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠍᶖߔࠆ. ࠗ࠭ߦ↱᧪ߒߡࠆ㧚FeRAM タࠞ࠼ߢ߽㧘឵ ᕈߩߚ㧘64 ࡃࠗ࠻ࡍࠫࠍណ↪ߔࠆߎߣ߽ࠆ㧚. ߡ߽㧘⚝ᒁߩലᨐࠍᦼᓙߢ߈ߥ㧚ߐࠄߦ㧘ⶄ㔀ߥࠢ. 3 ߪ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ࠬ࠻ࠫߩࡍࠫࡈࠜ. ࠛಣℂࠍߔࠆߎߣߥߊ㧘ࠞ࠼ ߩࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߪ 1 ࡄ. ࡑ࠶࠻ࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ㧚ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߪ㧘ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߏ. ࠬࠬࠠࡖࡦߢታⴕน⢻ߥࠃ߁ߦ⸳⸘ߔࠆ㧚. ߣߦಽഀߐࠇࠆ㧚ߘࠇࠄࠍౣ⛔วߔࠆߚ㧘ࠝߩޘ. 4.3 ҾڼdzȞȳȉ ᚒߪޘ㧘ࠞ࠼ ߩේᆎࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߣߒߡ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚ ࠢ࠻ߩ↢ᚑ㧘ᦝᣂ㧘ᬌ⸽㧔⸽ᦠᬌᩏ㧕ࠍⴕ߁ࠦࡑࡦ ࠼ ࠶࠻ࠍ⸳⸘ߒߚ㧚ᘙ 1 ߪߘࠇࠄߩ߹ߣߢࠆ㧚. ࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦߪౝㇱ⼂ሶ oid㧔 > 0 㧕߇ഀࠅᒰߡࠄ ࠇࠆ㧚ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ࡍࠫߦߪ㧘oid ߦ⛯߈㧘࿕ቯ㐳ൻ 㧘ࠕࠢࠬ ߐࠇߚࡌ࡞ߣ࠲ࠗࡊ㧔 name ࡈࠖ࡞࠼ 㧕 㧘࠺࠲୯ߩ int ߿ char ߥߤߩ ࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡞㧔 acl 㧕. વ⛔⊛ߥࠞ࠼ ࠦࡑࡦ࠼㧔 APDUs 㧕ߣߩ㆑ߪ㧘ࠢ. ࠛࡦࠦ࠺ ࠖࡦࠣ㧔 enc 㧕㧘ߘߒߡ࠺࠲୯ߘߩ߽ߩ. ࠛࠍല₸⦟ߊಽ⸃ߢ߈ࠆߚ㧘ᄙ㊀ൻߣ᧦ઙࡈࠖ࡞. 㧔 data 㧕߇⸥㍳ߐࠇࠆ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ㇱߣߪ ߦ㧘ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᓮᖱႎࠍᩰ⚊ߔࠆࡋ࠶࠳ࡍࠫ ߇ዉߐࠇࠆ㧚ߘߎߢߪ㧘ࡠ࡞ࠍ⸽ߔࠆࡄࠬࡢ ࠼㧔 cpwd ߣ spwd 㧕߿หᦼಣℂߩߚߩࡠ࠶ࠢ㧔 lock 㧕 ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇࠆ㧚 ᚒ߇ޘណ↪ߒߚࠬ࠻ࠫࡕ࠺࡞ߪ㧘⚝ᒁ㧔 index-. ing 㧕ࠍណ↪ߒߥߚ㧘ࡈ࠶࠻ᣇᑼߣ߫ࠇࠆ߽ ߩߢࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ 㧘ࠞ࠼ C ߩ࠺࠲㗔ၞ߇ߚ߆ߛ ߆ 4 KB ⒟ᐲߢࠅ㧘Pucheral ࠄߩႎ๔10) ߣᲧセߒ. ࠲ࠍട߃ߚὐߢࠆ㧚 ᰴߪ㧘ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߦኻߔࠆ READ ߣ UPDATE ࠦࡑ ࡦ࠼ߢࠆ㧚 READ [oid] n1 .. ni END. → {oid, n1 , v1 ..oid, ni , vi } END. UPDATE [oid] n1 v1 .. ni vi END. → {oid, n1 , ooid (n1 )..oid, ni , ooid (ni )} END.. ࡑ࡞࠴ᒁᢙࠍࠨࡐ࠻ߔࠆߎߣߢ㧘ⶄᢙߩࠛࡔࡦ࠻ ࠍ 1 ߟߩࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߢಣℂߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡࠆ㧚⚿. ڏ. ᚒ⚻ߩޘ㛎7) ߢߪ㧘࠺ࡃࠗࠬߩࡌࡦ࠳ߦ߽ଐሽߔࠆ߇㧘1 ࠗࡦ ࠲࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩࠦࠬ࠻ߪ 100 ms ࠍ߃ࠆ㧚. ᨐߪ㧘oid, n, v ߩࠪࠤࡦࠬߢฃߌขࠆ㧔ߎߎߢ㧘n ߪ㧘ࠛࡔࡦ࠻ㇱߩ name ߦ⋧ᒰߒ㧘v ߪ౮ ooid (n)㧘.
(6) Vol. 43. No. SIG 5(TOD 14). 㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ. ߟ߹ࠅࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻㧔 oid ߣ n 㧕ߦ⸥㍳ߐࠇߡߚ୯. 115. ߎߎߢ㧘㕖ធ⸅ࠞ࠼ߢߪㅢା߇ಾᢿߐࠇߚߣ߈㧘ࡊ. 㧚 ߢࠆ㧚UPDATE ߢߪ㧘ᦝᣂߔࠆ೨ߩ୯ࠍߔ㧕. ࡠ࠶ࠨ߳ߩ㔚ജଏ⛎߇ᢿߚࠇࠆߎߣߦ⇐ᗧߒߥߌ. oid ߪ㧘ࠞ࠼ C ߩౝㇱ ID ߢࠆ߇㧘ࡊࡊࡠ ࠶ࠨߢ߽ߔࠆ㧚ฦࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ߩᦨೋߩᒁᢙߢ ࠆ [oid] ߪ㧘ࠆ․ቯߩࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߦኻߒߡࡈࠖ࡞. ࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘ฃߌขߞߚߣታⴕ⚿. ࠲ࠍ߆ߌߡታⴕߔࠆߣ߈ߦᜰቯߔࠆ㧚⋭⇛㧔 oid = 0 㧕. ߆ߓቯߒߡࠆⶄᢙߩࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߩᦝᣂߪࡑ࡞࠴. ߔࠇ߫㧘ߔߴߡߩࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻߇ࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ಣℂߩኻ⽎. ᒁᢙߢታⴕߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚. ߣߥࠆ㧚ห᭽ߦ㧘ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ฬ㧔 n 㧕ߢ߽ࡈࠖ࡞࠲ಣ ℂࠍᜰቯߢ߈ࠆ㧚 ߘߒߡࠃࠅⶄ㔀ߥࡈࠖ࡞࠲ࠍน⢻ߦߔࠆߩ߇㧘ᰴߩ. ᨐߪ㧘㕖ធ⸅ࡔࡕߢࡃ࠶ࡈࠔಣℂߔࠆߎߣߦߔࠆ㧚. UPDATE ታⴕߩࠕ࠻ࡒ࠶ࠢᕈ߇⸽ߐࠇࠇ߫ 㧘ࠄ. ߐࠄߥࠆⶄ㔀ߥ࠻ࡦ࡚ࠩࠢࠪࡦߦኻߒߡߪ㧘ࠝࡉ ࠫࠚࠢ࠻නߩࡠ࠶ࠢᯏ᭴ࠍዉߔࠆ㧚ࡠ࠶ࠢ㧔 lock 㧕 ߦߪ㧘ࡎࠬ࠻ –ࠞ࠼ 㑆ߢ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ߇㐿ߊߣ߈ߦ. SELECT ߢࠆ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘ࡔࡕࠬ࠻ࠫࠍࡢࡦ. ⸽ߐࠇࠆࡎࠬ࠻ߩ㧔⺰ℂ㧕ID ߇⸥㍳ߐࠇࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞ. ࡄࠬࠬࠠࡖࡦߢታⴕߔࠆߚ㧘ᬌ⚝⚿ᨐߪࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻. ߡ㧘࠶࡚ࠪࡦಾᢿᓟ㧘ㅢା߇ౣ㐿ߒߚߣ߈㧘ࡎࠬ࠻. ߩ㧔 disjoint 㧕ߣߒߡߐࠇࠆ㧚 SELECT [oid] n1 CMP v1 .. ni CMP vi END. → {oid, n1 , ooid (n1 )..oid, ni , ooid (ni )} END.. 4.4 ǢǯǻǹСࣂ ࠕࠢࠬᓮࠍⴕ߁ߚ㧘4 ⒳㘃ߩࡠ࡞㧔 creator㧘 service㧘owner㧘others 㧕ࠍ࿕ቯ⊛ߦዉߔࠆ㧚ฦࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻ߦ⸥㍳ߐࠇࠆ acl ߢߪ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩࡠ࡞ኻ. ID ߦࠃߞߡ࠻ࡦ࡚ࠩࠢࠪࡦߩౣ㐿ࠍ್ቯߔࠆߎߣ ߇น⢻ߦߥࠆ㧚 ߹ߚ㧘ࡎࠬ࠻ߩࡊࡊࡠ࠶ࠨߢߪ㧘ࡕ࠻࠺ ࠲ࡌࠬߣ࠺࠲ߩหᦼࠍߣࠆߚ㧘2 ⋧ࠦࡒ࠶࠻ࠬ ࠠࡓࠍ᭴ᚑߢ߈ࠆ㧚UPDATE ߪ㧘ᦝᣂ೨ߩ୯ࠍ ߔߚ㧘ߎࠇࠄࠍࡎࠬ࠻ߢࡠࠣߣߒߡ⸥㍳ߔࠆߎߣ ߢ㧘ࡎࠬ࠻ߪࡠ࡞ࡃ࠶ࠢಣℂࠍᓮߢ߈ࠆࠃ߁ߦ ߥࠆ㧚. ߒߡ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇ read/write ࡄࡒ࠶࡚ࠪࡦ߇ᜰቯߢ߈ ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘creator ߣ service ߩࡄࠬ ࡢ࠼ ߪ㧘ߘࠇߙࠇࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡞ㇱߩ cpass ߣ spass ߦ⸥㍳ߐࠇࠆ㧚owner ߪ㧘࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩᚲᮭࠍ ߔ․ߥࡠ࡞ߢࠅ㧘ࡄࠬࡢ࠼ߪ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ ߢ৻ర▤ℂߐࠇࠆ㧚ࡄࠬࡢ࠼ ⸽ߐࠇߥ߆ߞߚ႐ว㧘 ࠺ࡈࠜ࡞࠻ߢ others ߢࠕࠢࠬߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚ේ ᆎࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߢߪ㧘ᒁᢙߩ೨ߢࠝࡊ࡚ࠪࡦߣߒߡࡠ࡞ ߩᜰቯ߇ⴕ߃ࠆ㧚ࡠ࡞ߩᜰቯ߇⋭⇛ߐࠇߚ႐วߪ㧘 ೨࿁ߩࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ߩࡠ࡞ߣࡄࠬࡢ࠼߇ߘߩ߹߹⛮ᛚ ߐࠇࠆ㧚 COMMAND BY (r, p) ... 5. ᚸ. ̖. ᧄ┨ߢߪ㧘ᚒ߇ޘㆊߦࠬࡑ࠻ ࠞ࠼ ߩࠕࡊ ࠤ࡚ࠪࡦ⎇ⓥߢⴕߞߚ㔚ሶ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ7),8) ߦ ߅ߌࠆࠕࠢࠬࡄ࠲ࡦࠍ↪ߡ㧘ታⵝࡕ࠺࡞ࠍ⹏ଔ ߔࠆ㧚. 5.1 ᩓ܇ȁDZȃȈ ǢȗȪDZȸǷȧȳ 㔚ሶ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪ㧘࠴ࠤ࠶࠻⊒߆ࠄ⼑ᷰ ᵹㅢ㧘ߐࠄߦ႐࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢ߹ߢ㧘ߔߴߡ㔚ሶ⊛ߦⴕ߁ ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢࠆ㧚ᚒߪޘ㧘ⶄᢙߩᬺ⠪߇⥄↱ߦ⊒ߢ ߈ࠆࡑ࡞࠴࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߡߒߣ ڏ㐿⊒ߒߚ㧚 ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߪ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩࠝࡉࠫࠚ. ᵈᗧ㧦ᧄ⺰ᢥߢቯ⟵ߒߚࡠ࡞ߪ㧘5 ┨ߢㅀߴࠆ㔚. ࠢ࠻ߣߒߡ㧘⚂ 20 ࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻⒟ᐲߢߢ߈ࠆ㧚ߎ. ሶ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠕࡊࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߦ↱᧪ߒߡࠆ㧚creator. ࠇߪ㧘ࠬ࠻ࠫߩࠨࠗ࠭ߣߒߡ㧘ᄢ 1 KB ᒝߦ. ߪ㧘࠴ࠤ࠶࠻⊒⠪ߢࠆߒ 㧘service ߪ⊒⠪એᄖ. ⋧ᒰߔࠆ㧚ߟ߹ࠅ㧘ࠞ࠼ C ߢߪ㧘3 ߟ߶ߤ ߩ࠴. ߩ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠨࡆࠬࠍឭଏߔࠆᯏ㑐ߦᒰߔࠆ㧚ࠄ. ࠤ࠶࠻߇ᩰ⚊ߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚 4 ߪ㧘ᚒ߇ޘታ㛎. ߆ߦ㧘ඳ‛㙚߿ࡋ࡞ࠬࠤࠕߥߤ 㧘ࠕࡊࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߦ. ߢ↪ߚ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߩࠨࡦࡊ࡞ࠍ␜ߒߡࠆ㧚. ࠃߞߡ㧘ᔅⷐߥࡠ࡞ߪᄌࠊߞߡߊࠆ㧚ࡠ࡞ߩᒛ ᕈߦߟߡߪ᧪ߩᬌ⸛⺖㗴ߣߒߡᱷߞߡࠆ㧚. 4.5 dzȳǫȬȳǷƱȭȸȫȐȃǯСࣂ ࠞ࠼ C ߪ㧘‛ℂ⊛ߥ㒢⇇ߩߚ㧘ࡑ࡞࠴࡙ࠩ ࠕࠢࠬߪሽߒߥ㧚ߚߛߒ㧘㕖ធ⸅ㅢାߪ⓭ὼߩ. ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߦኻߔࠆᘙᅆߣ λئȁǧȃǯߩࠢࠛಣℂߦᵈ⋡ߒߡ⼏⺰ࠍߔࠆ ڏڏ㧚 ᚒߪޘ㧘ߎࠇࠄߩಣℂߪ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩၮ. ڏ. ࠶࡚ࠪࡦಾᢿ߇⊒↢ߒ߿ߔߊ㧘ߘߩߣ߈ߩ࠻ࡦࠩ ࡚ࠢࠪࡦߩ৻⽾ᕈࠍ⸽ߔࠆᔅⷐ߇ࠆ㧚 ߹ߕ㧘ฦࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ታⴕߩࠕ࠻ࡒ࠶ࠢᕈࠍ⸽ߔࠆ㧚. ڏڏ. 㔚ሶ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩࠦࡦ࠹ࠢ ࠬ࠻߆ࠄࠇ߫㧘ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ DBMS ߪࠞ࠼ ߩᚲ ⠪ߦઃ⌕ߐࠇ㧘࠺࠲ࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻㧔࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ 㧕ߪᚲ⠪ߩࠨ ࡆࠬࠍฃߌࠆᮭࠍߔࠆߎߣߦߥࠆ㧚 ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߩ⊒߿⼑ᷰ㧘ߘߩ৻⽾ᕈߩ⸽ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘⺰ᢥ 8) ߢႎ๔ᷣߺߢࠆ㧚.
(7) ᖱႎಣℂቇળ⺰ᢥ㧦࠺࠲ࡌࠬ. 116. o : (type, string) → "ticket" o : (id, serial) → 100001 o : (title, string) → "⟤᮸ࠦࡦࠨ࠻ " o : (orgnizer, string) → "࡚ࠠ࠼ " o : (orgnizer, phone) → 03-xxxx-xxxx o : (place, string) → "ᣣᧄᱞ㙚" o : (place, phone) → 03-yyyy-yyyy o : (date, date) → 1999-10-07 o : (seat, string) → ᜰቯ A00132 o : (enable, boolean) → true o : (checkin, date) → null 4 ࠨࡦࡊ࡞࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ o Fig. 4 A sample ticket o.. June 2002. ᘙ 2 ࠦࠬ࠻ⓍࠅߩᲧセ Table 2 Results of cost estimations.. commands. ࡈࠖ࡞࠲ߣᄙ㊀ൻ ࡈࠖ࡞࠲ߩߺ APDUs㧔 ෳ⠨㧕. Q1 2 4 12. Q2 2 7 7. Q3 1 3 15. Q4 1 2 2. 5.4 ᚐௌƱൔ᠋ ࠢࠛ Q1 㨪Q4 ߩࠕࠢࠬࡄ࠲ࡦࠍߞߡ㧘ࠦ ࡑࡦ࠼ ࠶࠻ߩ⸳⸘ߩࡄࡈࠜࡑࡦࠬ⸃ᨆࠍⴕ߁㧚߹ ߕ㧘ฦࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߏߣߩታⴕᤨ㑆ߩ㆑ߪήⷞߢ߈ࠆ߽ ߩߣߔࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪࠬ࠻ࠫߩࠬࠠࡖࡦߦᲧߴ㧘ࠦࡑ. ᧄ⊛ߥᠲࠍࠎߢࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆ㧚࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߩ␜ߪ㧘. ࡦ࠼ߦౝߔࠆᲧセṶ▚ߪᲧセ⊛ߦシಣℂߣߥߖ. ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ߆ࠄᄙߊߩࠛ ࡔࡦ࠻⺒ߺߔᠲ߇ᔅ. ࠆߚߢࠆ㧚ߒߚ߇ߞߡ㧘ࠦࡑࡦ࠼ ߩታⴕᤨ㑆ߪ㧘. ⷐߢࠆ㧚߹ߚ႐࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢߢߪ㧘ⶄᢙߩ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߩ. ࠬ࠻ࠫߩࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᢙߦଐሽߔࠆߎߣߦߥ. ਛ߆ࠄᅷᒰߥ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠍតߒߡ㧘႐ᷣߺࠍ⸥㍳ߒߥ. ࠆ㧚ട߃ߡ㧘ㅢାࡃ࠶ࡈࠔߩࠨ߽ࠗ࠭ 256 ࡃࠗ࠻ߣ. ߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ㧚․ߦᓟ⠪ߪ㧘⥄േᡷᧅᯏߩ߇␜ߔ. ቯߔࠆ㧚ߎߩࠨࠗ࠭ߪ㧘APDUs ࡔ࠶ࠫߩᄢ߈ߐ. ߣ߅ࠅ㧘ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓಣℂ߇᳞ࠄࠇࠆ႐ว߽ࠆ㧚. ߦ↱᧪ߔࠆ߇㧘ᄙߊߩࠞ࠼߇ណ↪ߒߡࠆ㧚. 5.2 ᩓ܇ȁDZȃȈ Ʒᘙᅆ ࠬࡑ࠻ ࠞ࠼ ߩ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߪ㧘ࡎࠬ࠻ ߩࠦࡦ ࡇࡘ࠲ߢ␜ߐࠇࠆ㧚࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߩᚲ⠪㧔ࡠ࡞. น⢻ߥ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻߇ሽߔࠆ႐วߦኻߒߡ㧘ࠢࠛࠍታ. owner 㧕ߪ㧘࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߩ৻ⷩࠍᰴߩࠢࠛ㧔 Q1 㧕ߢᓧ. 㧔 ฦࡔ࠶ࠫ㐳ߪ㧘256 ࡃࠗ࠻એਅߦߥࠆࠃ߁ߦಽ. ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 select (id, serial), (title, string), (date, date) by (owner, p1 ) where (type, string) = ”ticket”. ⛯ߡ㧘ࠆ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠍㆬࠎߢ㧘ߘߩᖱႎࠍขࠅ ߔࠢࠛ㧔 Q2 㧕ߪᰴߩߣ߅ࠅߢࠆ㧚 select (∗, ∗) by (owner, p1 ) where (id, serial) = 100001. 5.3 ᩓ܇ȁDZȃȈ Ʒλئȁǧȃǯ ႐࠴ࠚ࠶ࠢಣℂߪ㧘߹ߕࠞ࠼ ߆ࠄᅷᒰߥ࠴ࠤ࠶ ࠻ࠍតߒ㧘ߘߩ߁ߜߩ 1 ߟߦ႐⸥㍳ࠍᦝᣂߔࠆߎߣ ߢࠆ㧚ᰴߪ㧘ᧂ↪ߩ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠍតߔࠢࠛ㧔 Q3 㧕 ߢࠆ㧚 select (id, serial) by (service, p2 ) where (type, string) = ”ticket”and(enable, boolean) = true. ߎߎߢฦ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߪ㧘႐ࠨࡆ ࠬߦኻߒߡ㧘⇣ ߥߞߚࡄࠬࡢ࠼ ࠍ⸳ቯߒߡࠆߎߣߦᵈᗧߒࠃ߁㧚. ߎߎߢ㧘ࠞ࠼ ߦ 3 ⒳㘃ߩห৻ࡠ࡞ߢࠕࠢࠬ ⴕߔࠆߩߦᔅⷐߥࠗࡦ࠲࡚ࠢࠪࡦᢙߩⓍࠅࠍⴕ߁ ഀߐࠇߡࠆ㧕 㧚ᘙ 2 ߪ㧘ࠢࠛࠍታⴕߔࠆߣ߈㧘ࠦ ࡑࡦ࠼ ࠶࠻ߩᯏ⢻ߦᔅⷐߥࠗࡦ࠲࡚ࠢࠪࡦᢙࠍ ߹ߣߚ߽ߩߢࠆ㧚ߚߣ߃߫㧘Q1 ߪ㧘ࡈࠖ࡞࠲ߣ ᄙ㊀ൻߩᯏ⢻ࠍ߃߫㧘ᰴߩ 2 ߟߩࠦࡑࡦ࠼ߦಽ⸃ߒ ߡታⴕߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚 SELECT by (owner, p1 ) ntype,string , =, ”ticket” END. READ 0 nid,serial , ntitle,string , ndate,date END.. ᚒߪ࠼ࡦࡑࠦߚߒ⸘⸳ߩޘ㧘ࠢࠛಣℂࠍല₸⦟ߊ ࠶ࡊߢ߈ࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ࠆ㧚߹ߚ㧘ࠕ࡞࠲ࠗࡓಣℂ ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ㧘ታ㓙ߩࡔࡕࠕࠢࠬ߿ࡊࡠ࠶ࠨ㧘ㅢ ାࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᕈ⢻ߦ߽ଐሽߔࠆ߇㧘ᦨᖡᤨ㑆߇ࠗࡦ࠲ ࡚ࠢࠪࡦᢙߩᲧߢⓍ߽ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ㧚. 6. ኽ. ᛯ. ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩ⎇ⓥಽ㊁ߢߪ㧘ᱜߒߊታ⇇ߩ᭴ㅧ ࠍߣࠄ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ࠺࠲ࡕ࠺࡞߿㧘ࠆ․ቯߩ. ߟ߹ࠅ㧘ࠝࡉ ࠫࠚࠢ࠻ ߩ⸽♽ σ(service, p2 ) →. ࡕ࠺࡞ߩߢല₸⦟ߊᄢ㊂ߩ࠺࠲ࠍᛒ߁ᚻᴺߦߟ. authorized ߣߥࠆ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ߒ߆ࠕࠢࠬߔࠆߎߣ߇ ߢ߈ߥ㧚႐ࠨࡆࠬߦኻߒߡᅷᒰߥ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻߇ⶄ ᢙߟ߆ߞߚ႐ว㧘ᰴߩࠢࠛ㧔 Q4 㧕ߦࠃߞߡ㧘1 ߟ ㆬࠎߢ႐⸥㍳ࠍⴕ߁㧚. ߡ⺰ߓࠄࠇߡ߈ߚ㧚ߘߩᱧผ߆ࠄࠆߣ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ. update enable, boolean, no,checkin, date, 2001-12-20 by (service, p2 ) where (id, serial) = 100001. ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߪታ⇇ߦᖱႎࠍᚯߒ㧘ታ⇇ߩࠦࡦ࠹ ࠢࠬ࠻ߩਛߢ࠺࠲ಣℂࠍߔࠆߎߣߪᣂߒ࠺࠲ࠕ ࡊ ࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߩน⢻ᕈࠍ㐿ᜏߔࠆߛࠈ߁㧚 ᚒߪޘ㧘㔚ሶ࠴ࠤ࠶࠻ࠕࡊࠤ࡚ࠪࡦߩታ㛎ࠍⴕߞ ߚ⚻㛎ߦၮߠߡ㧘㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩዊဳ ߩ DBMS ߦᵈ⋡ߒߡ߈ߚ㧚ߘߩ߁߃ߢ㧘ታࠝࡉࠫࠚ.
(8) Vol. 43. No. SIG 5(TOD 14). 㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ࠞ࠼ ߩ࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬ. ࠢ࠻߇ᜬߟᖱႎࠍࠃߊߒ㧘ⶄᢙߩ⚵❱߇▤ ℂߔࠆߚߩߊߟ߆ߩᣂߒᚻᴺࠍ㐿ᜏߒߚ㧚ࠝࡉ ࠫࠚࠢ࠻නߩࡠ࡞ࡌࠬߩࠕࠢࠬᓮ߿ࡎࠬ࠻ ߢ࠻ࡦ࡚ࠩࠢࠪࡦߩࡠ࡞ࡃ࠶ࠢᓮࠍⴕ߁ᚻᴺ ߇߹ࠇߡࠆ㧚ᧄ⺰ᢥߢߪ㧘ߘࠇࠄߩᯏ⢻ࠍࡎࠬ࠻ ߣࠞ࠼ ߦಽഀߒߡ㧘ല₸⦟ߊታߔࠆᣇᴺࠍ␜ ߒߚ㧚 㧘ᚒࡘࡒࠛߪࠬࡌ࠲࠺ࠬ࠲ࠠࡆ࡙ߩޘ ࠲ߣߒߡߩታⵝ߇ⴕࠊࠇߚߛߌߢࠆ㧚ߎࠇߪ㧘ታ 㓙ߦታⵝน⢻ߥ㕖ធ⸅ࠬࡑ࠻ ࠞ࠼ ߇ᚻߢ߈ߥ ߆ߞߚߚߢࠆ㧚ߒ߆ߒ㧘ᐕߦߞߡ߆ࠄ㧘32 bit 㧔 CPU 㧕/64 KB㧔 FeRAM 㧕タߩࠞ࠼ ߽⊒ߐࠇ ᆎߚ㧚ᓟߪ㧘࡙ࡆࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡌࠬߩࡈ࡞ᯏ⢻ ࠍタ߽ⷞ㊁ߦࠇߥ߇ࠄ㧘DBMS ߩࠞ࠼ ߢታ ⵝࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ߈ߚ㧚 ᜓᠴ ᧄ⎇ⓥࠍㅴࠆߦߚࠅ᭽ߏߥޘᗧ㧘ߏ⸛ ⺰ࠍߚߛߚ↰ᐾำߣᣂၴసᓼำ㧔᧲੩ᄢቇᄢ ቇ㒮ℂቇ♽⎇ⓥ⑼㧕ߦᷓ⻢ߚߒ߹ߔ㧚. Ӌ. ᎋ ૨. ྂ. 1) Carrasco, L.C.: RDBMS’s for Java cards? What a senseless idea! (1999). http://www.smartcard central.com/technical/ articles/rdbms/rdbm[1].asp 2) Hansmann, U. (Ed.): Smart Card Application Development Using Java, Springer Verlag (1999). 3) Itoi, N., Honeyman, P. and Rees, J.: SCFS: A UNIX Filesystem for Smartcards, Proc. of USENIX Workshop on Smartcard Technology (1999). 4) ᫃የ৻㇢㧘ᣧဈ ㆐㧦ࡕࡁߦᖱႎࠍߪࠅߟߌࠆ— RFID ࠲ࠣߣߘߩᔕ↪㧘ᖱႎಣℂ㧘Vol.40, No.8, pp.846–850 (1999). 5) Koshizuka, N. and Sakamura, K.: Tokyo University Digital Museum, Proc. 2000 Kyoto International Conference on Digital Libraries, pp.179–186 (2000). 6) ୖశำ㇢㧘ဈ ஜ㧦ඨ᭴ㅧࠝࡉࠫࠚࠢ࠻㧦࡙ࡆ ࠠ࠲ࠬ࠺࠲ࡕ࠺࡞㧘ᖱႎಣℂቇળ⺰ᢥ㧦࠺ ࠲ࡌࠬ㧘Vol.42, No.SIG 15 (TOD12), pp.40– 49 (2001). 7) Kuramitsu, K. and Sakamura, K.: Towards Ubiquitous Database in Mobile Commerce, Proc. ACM International Workshop on Data Engineering for Wireless and Mobile Access, pp.84–89 (2001). 8) Kuramitsu, K. and Sakamura, K.: Tamper-. 117. Resistant Network: an infrastructure for moving electronic tokens, TOWARDS THE ESOCIETY E-Commerce, E-Business, and EGovernment, pp.113–129, Kluwer Academic Publisher (2001). 9) Ortiz, S.: Industry Trends Embedded Databases Come out of Hiding, IEEE COMPUTER, Vol.33, No.3, pp.16–19 (2000). 10) Pucheral, P., Bouganim, L., Valduriez, P. and Bobineau, C.: PicoDBMS: Scaling down database techniques for the smartcard, The VLDB Journal, Vol.10, No.1, pp.120–132 (2001). 11) Sakamura, K. and Koshizuka, N.: The eTRON Wide-Area Distributed-System Architecture for E-Commerce, IEEE Micro, Vol.21, No.6 (2001). 12) Weiser, M.: The Computer for the 21st Century. Scientific American, pp.66–75 (September, 1991). 13) Weiser, M.: Some Computer Science Issues in Ubiquitous Computing. Comm. ACM, Vol.36, No.7, pp.75–84 (1993). 14) Wellner, P. (Ed)㧦㔚⣖ᒝൻⅣႺ — ߤ ߎߢ߽ ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲ߩᛛⴚߣዷᦸ㧘ࡄ࠰࠽࡞ࡔ࠺ࠖࠕ (1994). (ᐔᚑ 13 ᐕ 12 20 ᣣฃઃ) (ᐔᚑ 14 ᐕ 4 3 ᣣណ㍳) 㧔 ᜂᒰ✬㓸ᆔຬ. ቲ⃟ ノዏ㧕 ̽ή ӽᢹ㧔 ᱜળຬ㧕. 1972 ᐕ↢㧚1996 ᐕ᧲੩ᄢቇᎿቇ ㇱතᬺ㧔ᯏ᪾ᖱႎᎿቇ㧕 㧚1998 ᐕ᧲ ੩ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ℂቇ♽⎇ⓥ⑼ୃੌ㧔ᖱ ႎ⑼ቇ㧕 㧚2000 ᐕหᄢቇ㒮ඳ჻⺖⒟ ਛㅌ㧚㧘᧲੩ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᖱႎቇ Ⅳഥᚻ㧚㔚ሶขᒁ㧘ඨ᭴ㅧ࠺࠲㧘ࠗࡦ࠲ࡀ࠶࠻ ࡑࠤ࠶࠹ࠖࡦࠣᛛⴚߦ⥝ࠍᜬߟ㧚 ק. ͤ㧔 ᱜળຬ㧕. ᧲੩ᄢቇᄢቇ㒮ᖱႎቇⅣᢎ㧚. 1984 ᐕࠃࠅ TRON ࡊ ࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ ࠳ߣߒߡᣂߒᔨߦၮߠߊ ࠦࡦࡇࡘ࠲♽ߩ᭴▽ߦ♖ജࠍᵈ ߋ㧚ᦨㄭߪࡊࡠࠫࠚࠢ࠻ߩᦨ⚳⋡⊛ ߢࠆᯏ⢻ಽᢔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⎇ⓥࠍㅴߡࠆ㧚.
(9)
図
関連したドキュメント
In the second part, using the Malliavin calculus approach, we deduce a general maximum principle for optimal control of general stochastic Volterra equations.. The result is applied
Those of us in the social sciences in general, and the human spatial sciences in specific, who choose to use nonlinear dynamics in modeling and interpreting socio-spatial events in
In recent communications we have shown that the dynamics of economic systems can be derived from information asymmetry with respect to Fisher information and that this form
If information about a suitable drawing (that is, the location of its vertices) of a graph is given, our results allow the computation of SSSP in O(sort (E)) I/Os on graphs
The exponentiated gamma EG distribution and Fisher information matrices for complete, Type I, and Type II censored observations are obtained.. Asymptotic variances of the
Although I admittedly do not understand string theory from a physical point of view, I do think (most of my colleagues from algebraic QFT do not share such optimistic ideas) that
, 1 read the labels of rows with area equal to i from top to bottom and insert them in the diagonal, then read the labels of rows with area equal to −i + 1 from bottom to top and
It is usually very difficult to extract any information about the continued fraction expansion of a given irrational real number from its decimal or binary expansion and vice versa..
