河川氾濫に対する避難計画の検証に向けた歩行者シミュレータの機能拡張

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(1)情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report. Vol.2013-ICS-170 No.13 2013/3/12. Տ઒൙ཞʹର͢Δආ೉‫ܭ‬ըͷ‫͚ͨ޲ʹূݕ‬ าߦऀγϛϡϨʔλͷ‫ػ‬ೳ֦ு ࢁԼ ྙԝ1,†1,a). Ԭా ਸ1,†1,b). ໺ా ‫ेޒ‬थ1,†1,c). ֓ཁɿਫ֐ɾ౔࠭ࡂ֐͔ΒॅຽΛकΔͨΊʹ͸ɼద੾ͳλΠϛϯάͰର৅஍Ҭʹආ೉‫ࠂק‬౳ͷൃྩ͢Δ͜ ͱ͕‫ٻ‬ΊΒΕΔɽঢ়‫ࠁਂ͕گ‬Խ͢Δલʹ҆શͳ஍Ҭ΁ආ೉Λ‫͍ͯྃ͠׬‬Δ͜ͱ͕๬·͍͕͠ɼঢ়‫ʹگ‬Ԡ͡ ͨආ೉ߦಈΛ࣮ࢪ͢Δ͜ͱ΋ॏཁͰ͋ΔɽຊߘͰ͸ɼՏ઒͕൙ཞ͠ɼਁਫ͕ൃੜ͢ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δঢ়‫ʹگ‬ ͓͍ͯɼͲͷΑ͏ͳආ೉ߦಈΛऔΔ͜ͱ͕ඃ֐ܰ‫͕ͳͭʹݮ‬Δ͔Λ‫͢ূݕ‬ΔͨΊʹɼ৽ͨʹ௥Ճͨ͠าߦ ऀγϛϡϨʔλ CrowdWalk ͱਁਫσʔλͷ࿈੒‫ػ‬ೳʹؔͯ֓͠આ͢Δɽ ΩʔϫʔυɿาߦऀγϛϡϨʔλɼਁਫ஍Ҭɼ࿈੒γϛϡϨʔγϣϯɼආ೉‫ܭ‬ը. Function Enhancement of The Pedestrian Simulator for Verification of Evacuation Plan against Urban Flood Disaster Tomohisa Yamashita1,†1,a). Takashi Okada1,†1,b). Itsuki Noda1,†1,c). Abstract: In order to save local residents from flood and sediment disaster, It is necessary for a local government to issue evacuation order and directive of dangerous area in a timely manner. Before an evacuation situation aggravates, it is desirable to have completed refuge to the safe area, but it is also important to carry out evacuation behavior according to a disaster situation. In this paper, to verify what kind of evacuation behavior of a local government and local residents decrease the damage in flood disasters we add new function of calculation of the movement of a pedestrian in a flooded area to our pedestrian simulator CrowdWalk. Keywords: pedestrian simulation, flooded areaɼcoupled simulation, evacation plan. 1. ͸͡Ίʹ 2011 ೥ 3 ݄ 11 ೔ʹ౦೔ຊେ਒ࡂ͕‫ʹࡍ͖ͨى‬͸ɼ౦๺ ஍ํԊ‫؛‬෦Λத৺ͱͯ͠ɼࢮऀɾߦํෆ໌ऀ‫ܭ‬໿ 1 ສ 9 ઍ ਓͱ͍͏ਂࠁͳඃ֐͕ൃੜͨ͠ɽಛʹ௡೾ʹΑΔඃ֐ʹؔ 1. †1 †2 a) b) c). ࢈‫ٕۀ‬ज़૯߹‫ ॴڀݚ‬αʔϏε޻ֶ‫ڀݚ‬ηϯλʔ Center for Service Research, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–8568, Japan ‫ࡏݱ‬ɼՊֶٕज़ৼ‫͚͕͖͞ ߏػڵ‬ Presently with JST, PRESTO ‫ࡏݱ‬ɼՊֶٕज़ৼ‫ ߏػڵ‬CREST Presently with JST, CREST tomohisaɽ[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]. ⓒ 2013 Information Processing Society of Japan. ͯ͠͸ɼ֤஍Ͱఅ๷͕ங͔Ε͍ͯͨʹ΋͔͔ΘΒͣɼ஍Ҭ ॅຽ͕ΠϯϑϥΛա৴͕ͨ͠‫ނ‬ͷආ೉։࢝ͷ஗ΕͳͲ΋͋ Γɼ݁Ռͱͯ͠ඃ֐ͷܰ‫ʹݮ‬͸ίετʹ‫͚ͩ͏߹ݟ‬ͷޮՌ Λൃ‫͔ͨͬͳ͠ش‬ɽ ͜Ε·Ͱࡂ֐ʹରͯ͠ެతͳ‫͕ؔػ‬લ໘ʹཱͪɼΠϯϑ ϥͷ੔උΛߦ͍ɼࠃ΍࣏ࣗମ͕๷ࡂͷશͯΛ୲͏܏޲͕‫ڧ‬ ͔ͬͨɽ͔͠͠ɼ3.11 Ҏ߱ɼ๺‫۝‬भࢢ๷ࡂձٞ [1] ͷ஍Ҭ ๷ࡂ‫ܭ‬ըͷมߋʹ‫ݟ‬ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹɼࡂ֐ͷ‫ن‬໛͕ࠃ΍࣏ࣗ ମ͕උ͍͑ͯΔ๷ࡂྗΛ௒͑ͨ৔߹Ͱ΋ɼ֤ࢢຽ͕࠷௿‫ݶ‬ ࣗ෼ͷੜ໋ΛकΕΔΑ͏ʹ͢ΔͨΊʹɼެॿɼ‫ॿڞ‬ɼࣗॿ ͷ࿮૊Λ‫ܗ‬੒͢Δํ޲ʹγϑτͭͭ͋͠Δɽࠓ‫·޿ޙ‬ΔͰ ͋Ζ͏͜ͷΑ͏ͳ࿮૊ͷதͰɼެత‫͋Ͱؔػ‬Δ࣏ࣗମ΍ফ ๷͕ɼͲͷΑ͏ͳࡂ֐Ͱ͋Ε͹ɼͲͷఔ౓ͷରԠΛऔΔ͜. 1.

(2) 情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report. Vol.2013-ICS-170 No.13 2013/3/12. ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ͔ɼ‫ݶ‬ΒΕͨ‫ࡐػ‬΍ਓతࢿ‫Ͱ·͜ͲͰݯ‬஍Ҭॅ. ΋͏Ұͭ͸ɼϚϯγϣϯͳͲ͕ࣗ୐ͷ৔߹ʹ͸্૚֊ʹ. ຽͷࢧԉΛߦ͏͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δͷ͔ɼΛ೺Ѳ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ॏཁ. Ҡಈ͢Δਨ௚ආ೉Ͱ͋Δɽ੾ഭͨ͠ঢ়‫گ‬ԼͰ͸ɼ԰֎΁ͷ. ʹͳ͖͍ͬͯͯΔɽ. ආ೉ࣗମ͕‫͕͋ͱ͜ͳݥة‬ΔͨΊɼࣗ୐΍ྡ઀‫ݐ‬෺ͷ̎֊. ޿Ҭʹඃ֐Λ΋ͨΒ͢ࡂ֐͕ൃੜͨ͠৔߹ɼ‫ͳݥة‬ঢ়‫گ‬ ͔ΒਓʑΛԕ͚͟Δආ೉͸ඃ֐ܰ‫ݮ‬ͷͨΊʹ୯७͔ͭ༗ޮ ͳखஈͰ͋Δɽ೔ຊશࠃΛର৅ͱͨ͠৔߹ɼ஍਒͚ͩͰ͸ ͳ͘ɼ௡೾ɼ୆෩ɼਫ֐ɼ౔࠭ࡂ֐ͱ͍ͬͨࡂ֐ͷϦεΫ. ౳΁‫ٸۓ‬తʹҰ࣌ආ೉͠ɼ‫ॿٹ‬Λ଴ͭ͜ͱ΋બ୒ࢶͱͯ͠ ߟ͑ΒΕΔ ɽ. 3. าߦऀγϛϡϨʔλͷ‫ػ‬ೳ֦ு. ͕͋Δɽಛʹɼۙ೥Ͱ͸୆෩͕େ‫ܕ‬Խ͠ɼήϦϥ߽Ӎͷස. ࣏ࣗମ͕ආ೉‫ࠂק‬Λൃྩ͠ɼආ೉Λଅ͢৔߹Ͱ΋ɼ஍Ҭ. ౓͕૿͍ͯ͠ΔͨΊɼ֤஍Ͱਫ֐ɾ౔࠭ࡂ֐ʹؔ͢ΔϦε. ॅຽࣗ਎ͷ൑அͰආ೉Λ։࢝͢Δ৔߹Ͱ΋ͲͷΑ͏ͳঢ়‫گ‬. Ϋ͕ߴ·͖͍ͬͯͯΔɽਫ֐ɾ౔࠭ࡂ֐͔ΒॅຽΛकΔͨ. ʹ͓͍ͯͲͷΑ͏ͳආ೉ߦಈ͕҆શͰޮՌతͰ͋Δ͔Λ‫ݕ‬. Ίʹ͸ɼঢ়‫ࠁਂ͕گ‬Խ͢Δલʹ҆શͳ஍Ҭ΁ආ೉Λ‫ྃ͞׬‬. ূ͢Δ͜ͱ͸ඞཁͰ͋Δɽ. ͤΔ͜ͱ͕๬·͍͕͠ɼ‫࣮ݱ‬తʹ͸༰қͰ͸ͳ͘ɼঢ়‫ʹگ‬ Ԡͨ͡ආ೉ߦಈΛ࣮ࢪ͢Δ͜ͱ΋ॏཁͰ͋Δɽ. ਫ֐ʹ‫ݶ‬ఆͯ͠΋ɼ૝ఆ͞ΕΔඃ֐ঢ়‫گ‬͸ଟ༷Ͱ͋Γɼ Ұ֓ʹਫฏආ೉ͱਨ௚ආ೉ͷͲͪΒͷආ೉ߦಈ͕༏Ε͍ͯ. ආ೉༠ಋΛ‫ؚ‬Ήద੾ͳରࡦΛཱҊ͢ΔͨΊʹ͸ɼาߦऀ. Δ͔͸൑அͰ͖ͳ͍ɽਁਫʹΑΔਓతͳඃ֐ঢ়‫گ‬Λఆྔత. γϛϡϨʔγϣϯ͸ඇৗʹ༗༻ͳπʔϧͱͳΔɽͦͷͨ. ʹධՁ͢ΔͨΊʹɼҰ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬ϞσϧΛ࣮૷ͨ͠าߦऀγ. ΊɼาߦऀγϛϡϨʔγϣϯʹΑΔආ೉‫ܭ‬ըͷཱҊࢧԉ͕. ϛϡϨʔλ CrowdWalk ʹਁਫঢ়‫گ‬ͷ࣌ؒมԽσʔλͱͷ. ద༻Մೳͳঢ়‫گ‬͸਺ଟ͋͘Δɽ͍͔ͭ͘ͷ࣏ࣗମʹ͓͍ͯ. ࿈੒‫ػ‬ೳΛ௥Ճ͢Δɽ͜͜Ͱ͸ಛʹɼਁਫঢ়‫گ‬ͷ࣌ؒมԽ. ͸‫ʹط‬γϛϡϨʔγϣϯΛ༻͍ͨ๷ࡂ‫ڭ‬ҭ΍ආ೉‫ܭ‬ըͷධ. σʔλͱาߦՄೳྖҬΛॏ৞͠ɼਁਫঢ়‫͕گ‬าߦऀͷӨ‫ڹ‬. Ձ͕ߦΘΕ͍ͯΔࣄྫ΋͋Δ [2], [3], [4]ɽຊߘͰ͸ɼ͜ͷ. Λࢉग़͢Δ‫ػ‬ೳΛ࣮૷͢Δɽ. Α͏ͳഎ‫ܠ‬Λ౿·͑ͯɼՏ઒൙ཞ΍ਁਫʹର͢Δආ೉‫ܭ‬ը Λ‫͢ূݕ‬ΔͨΊʹาߦऀγϛϡϨʔλ CrowdWalk [5] ʹ ෇Ճ͢Δਁਫσʔλͱͷ࿈੒‫ػ‬ೳʹؔͯ֓͠આ͢Δɽ. 2. ൙ཞʹ͓͚Δආ೉ 2.1 ൙ཞͷछྨ Տ઒ͷपล஍۠ʹ͓͚Δਁਫ͸ɼ൙ཞͷϝΧχζϜʹ Αͬͯ֎ਫ൙ཞͱ಺ਫ൙ཞʹ෼ྨ͢Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ [6]ɽ ֎ਫ൙ཞ͸ɼఅ๷͕ܾյͨ͠ΓɼՏ઒ͷਫҐ্͕ঢ͢Δ. 3.1 าߦऀγϛϡϨʔλ CrowdWalk զʑͷ։ൃͨ͠Ұ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬ϞσϧΛ࣮૷ͨ͠าߦऀγ ϛϡϨʔλ CrowdWalk ͸ɼωοτϫʔΫϚοϓΤσΟλɼ γϛϡϨʔγϣϯΤϯδϯɼ3D ϏϡʔΞͷ 3 ͔ͭΒߏ੒ ͞ΕΔɽCrowdWalk ͸Ұ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬Ϟσϧʹ͓͚Δ௥ैϞ σϧͷΈΛ࣮૷ͨ͠าߦऀγϛϡϨʔλ NetMAS [8] ͷ ‫ͨ͋ʹܧޙ‬ΔɽಛʹɼωοτϫʔΫϚοϓΤσΟλͱ 3D ϏϡʔΞͰ͸‫ܧ‬ঝ͞Ε͍ͯΔ෦෼͕ଟ͍ɽ. ͜ͱʹΑͬͯ‫͜ى‬Δ൙ཞͰ͋ΔɽՏ઒͔Βେྔͷਫ͕୹࣌. CrowdWalk ͷϢʔβ͸ɼωοτϫʔΫϚοϓΤσΟλ. ؒͰࢢ֗஍ʹྲྀΕࠐΉͨΊɼՈ԰ͷ౗յ΍ྲྀग़ͱ͍ͬͨେ. Λ࢖ͬͯาߦऀͷҠಈՄೳྖҬΛ‫ه‬ड़͢ΔωοτϫʔΫ. ‫ن‬໛ͳඃ֐ΛҾ͖‫͢͜ى‬Մೳੑ͕ߴ͍ɽ͔͠͠ɼۙ೥ͷఅ. ϚοϓϑΝΠϧΛฤू͢Δɽ3D ϏϡʔΞ͸ɼาߦऀͷಈ. ๷੔උʹΑΓ֎ਫ൙ཞͷൃੜස౓͸Լ͕͖͍ͬͯͯΔɽ. ͖Λࡾ࣍‫ݩ‬දࣔ͠ɼาߦ଎౓΍ଐੑʹΑͬͯาߦऀͷ৭Λ. ಺ਫ൙ཞ͸ɼࢢ֗஍ʹ߱ͬͨӍ͕Տ઒΁ഉग़Ͱ͖ͣʹɼ. มߋ͢Δ͜ͱ΋Ͱ͖Δɽ. Լਫಓ΍ਫ࿏͔ΒҲΕΔ͜ͱʹΑͬͯ‫͜ى‬Δ൙ཞͰ͋Δɽ. γϛϡϨʔγϣϯΤϯδϯ͸ɼϢʔβͷࢦఆͨ͠௥ैϞ. Ӎྔ͕Լਫಓ΍Ӎਫ؅ͷ༰ྔ΍ϙϯϓࢪઃͷೳྗΛ௒͑ͯ. σϧɼີ౓Ϟσϧɼ‫ظ‬଴ີ౓Ϟσϧͷ͍ͣΕ͔Λ༻͍ͯɼ. ͠·͏ͱɼ‫ݐ‬෺΍ಓ࿏͕ਫʹਁ͔ͬͯ͠·͏ɽۙ೥Ͱ͸ή. શาߦऀͷҐஔΛߋ৽͢Δɽ·ͨɼγϛϡϨʔγϣϯΤϯ. Ϧϥ߽ӍʹΑΔूதతͳ߱ӍʹΑͬͯ಺ਫ൙ཞͷൃੜස౓. δϯ͸ɼωοτϫʔΫϚοϓϑΝΠϧɼาߦऀσʔλϑΝ. ্͕͕͖͍ͬͯͯΔɽ. ΠϧɼγϛϡϨʔγϣϯઃఆϑΝΠϧ͕ॳ‫ظ‬ͷೖྗϑΝΠ ϧͱͳΔɽาߦऀσʔλϑΝΠϧʹ͸ɼาߦऀͷൃੜ৔ॴ. 2.2 औΓ͏Δආ೉ߦಈ ಺ਫɾ֎ਫ൙ཞ͕ൃੜ͢ΔՄೳੑ͕͋Δ৔߹ɼ஍Ҭॅຽ. ͱ࣌ؒɼ‫ܦ‬༝஍ (ෳ਺ࢦఆՄ)ɼ໨త஍͕‫ه‬ड़͞Ε͍ͯΔɽ γϛϡϨʔγϣϯઃఆϑΝΠϧʹ͸ɼར༻͢ΔาߦऀͷҠ. ͷऔΓ͏Δආ೉ߦಈʹ͸ɼਫฏආ೉ɼਨ௚ආ೉ͷೋ͕ͭ‫ڍ‬. ಈϞσϧɼ̍γϛϡϨʔγϣϯεςοϓʹରԠ͢Δ࣌ؒɼ. ͛ΒΕΔ [7]ɽ. γϛϡϨʔγϣϯͷऴྃ৚݅ɼग़ྗσʔλͷछྨ͕‫ه‬ड़͞. Ұͭ͸ɼ҆શ͕֬อ͞Εͨආ೉ॴʹҠಈ͢Δਫฏආ೉Ͱ. Ε͍ͯΔɽ. ͋Δɽैདྷ͔Β૝ఆ͞Ε͍ͯΔҰൠతͳආ೉ํ๏Ͱ͋Δ. γϛϡϨʔγϣϯΤϯδϯͷಛ௃ͱͯ͠ɼ̏ͭͷҠಈϞ. ͕ɼආ೉։͕࢝஗Εͯ͠·͍पล஍Ҭ͕‫ਁʹط‬ਫ͍ͯ͠Δ. σϧ͔ΒҰͭΛબ୒Մೳͳ͜ͱ͕‫͛ڍ‬ΒΕΔɽҰ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬. ৔߹ʹ͸ɼආ೉ॴࣗମ͕҆શͰ͋ͬͯ΋Ҡಈதʹྲྀ͞Εͯ. Ϟσϧʹ͓͚ΔาߦऀͷҠಈΛܾఆ͢Δ௥ैϞσϧɼີ౓. ͠·͏‫ڪ‬Ε͕͋Δɽ. Ϟσϧɼ‫ظ‬଴ີ౓ϞσϧͷࡾͭͷҠಈϞσϧ͕࣮૷͞Εͯ. ⓒ 2013 Information Processing Society of Japan. 2.

(3) 情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report Room1. Vol.2013-ICS-170 No.13 2013/3/12. Room2. Room3. 䠖Pedestrian. Mesh representation for flooded area 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. One-dimensional space model for pedestrian movement 8. 9. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45. Corridor. Exit. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63. ਤ 1 าߦঢ়‫گ‬ͷྫ. overlay Room1. Room2. 1. Room3. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27. 䠖Pedestrian. 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63. Exit. B. A. Corridor mesh 46. mesh 47. ਤ 2 ਤ 1 Ͱද͞ΕΔঢ়‫گ‬ΛҰ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬ϞσϧͰද‫ྫͨ͠ݱ‬ɽ ਤ 3. Ұ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬Ϟσϧͱਁਫσʔλͷॏ৞.. ͍Δɽ ௥ैϞσϧ͸Ұํ޲ʹྲྀΕΔาߦऀ‫܈‬ͷಈ͖Λѻ͏͜ͱ. Ծ૝Ϩʔϯͱఆٛ͢Δɽ͜ͷԾ૝Ϩʔϯ͸ɼ࿓Լ΍෦԰ͳ. ʹద͍ͯ͠Δ [8]ɽີ౓Ϟσϧ͸ର޲ྲྀΛ‫ؚ‬Ήาߦऀ‫܈‬ͷ. ͲΛද͢ϦϯΫ্Ͱ͸ฒྻͯ͠‫ܗ‬੒͞ΕΔͱߟ͑ɼϦϯΫ. ಈ͖Λѻ͏͜ͱʹద͍ͯ͠Δ [5] ɽ‫ظ‬଴ີ౓Ϟσϧ͸ɼॱ. ͸ෳ਺ͷԾ૝ϨʔϯΛ࣋ͭ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δͱ͢Δɽ. ํ޲ͱ‫޲ํٯ‬ͷର޲ྲྀΛ‫ؚ‬Ήาߦऀ‫܈‬ͷಈ͖Λ࠶‫ݱ‬ਫ਼౓͸. ͜ͷͨΊɼҰ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬Ϟσϧ͸ϦϯΫ্ʹ͓͚Δॱɾ‫ٯ‬. Լ͕Δ΋ͷͷີ౓ϞσϧΑΓ΋ߴ଎ʹ‫͢ࢉܭ‬Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖. ͷೋํ޲͔͠ද‫͍ͨͳ͖Ͱݱ‬Ίɼ։͚ͨ৔ॴͰଟํ޲ʹҠ. Δ [5] ɽ. ಈ͢Δาߦऀ‫͕͢܈‬Εҧ͏Α͏ͳঢ়‫گ‬Λѻ͏͜ͱʹ͸ద͠. ͞ΒʹɼϢʔβ͕ͲͷҠಈϞσϧΛબ୒ͯ͠΋ɼγϛϡ. ͍ͯͳ͍ɽ. ϨʔγϣϯΤϯδϯͷೖग़ྗσʔλͷ‫ࣜܗ‬͸มΘΒͳ͍ɽ. CrowdWalk ͷϢʔβ͸γϛϡϨʔγϣϯઃఆϑΝΠϧͰ ར༻͢ΔϞσϧ໊Λมߋ͢Δ͚ͩͰɼҠಈϞσϧΛ੾Γସ ͑Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɽ. 3.2 ਁਫΤϦΞͷද‫ݱ‬ Տ઒͕൙ཞ͠ɼਁਫ͕ൃੜ͢Δൣғ͸Ұ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬Ϟσϧ ʹ͓͚ΔาߦՄೳྖҬͱॏͶ߹Θͤͯɼਁਫ͕าߦऀ΁༩. ·ͨɼԎ΍༗ಟΨεͷ֦ࢄͱ͍ͬͨ࣌‫ྻܥ‬σʔλͱ࿈‫ܞ‬. ͑ΔӨ‫ڹ‬Λද‫͢ݱ‬Δɽਤ 3 ʹࣔ͞ΕΔΑ͏ʹɼਁਫ૝ఆൣ. ͢Δ‫ػ‬ೳ͸‫͞૷࣮ʹط‬Ε͍ͯΔɽ֤λΠϜεςοϓͰͷา. ғΛϝογϡঢ়ͷ۠ըʹ۠੾Γɼ֤ϝογϡʹ͓͚Δਁਫ. ߦऀͷമ࿐ྔΛ‫ͯ͠ࢉܭ‬ɼമ࿐ྔʹԠͨ͡าߦ଎౓ͷ‫ݮ‬ਰ. σʔλΛઃఆ͢Δɽ֤ϝογϡʹର͢Δਁਫσʔλ͸ਁਫ. ΍ߦಈఀࢭͱ͍ͬͨߦಈมԽΛ࣮‫͢ݱ‬Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ [9]ɽ. ਂͱྲྀ଎ͷೋͭΛ૝ఆ͍ͯ͠ΔɽาߦՄೳྖҬΛද͢Ϧϯ. ਁਫσʔλͱͷ࿈‫ػܞ‬ೳΛ࣮‫͢ݱ‬ΔͨΊʹɼ‫͞૷࣮ʹط‬Ε. Ϋ͕ϝογϡͱॏෳ͍ͯ͠Δ৔߹ʹɼͦͷϝογϡʹׂΓ. ͍ͯΔΨε֦ࢄͷ࣌‫ྻܥ‬σʔλͱͷ࿈‫ػܞ‬ೳΛԠ༻͢Δɽ. ౰ͯΒΕ͍ͯΔਁਫਂ΍ྲྀ଎͕าߦऀͷาߦ଎౓ʹӨ‫ڹ‬Λ. 3.1.1 Ұ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬Ϟσϧ. ‫͢΅ٴ‬ɽਁਫσʔλͰ͋Δਁਫਂ΍ྲྀ଎͸࣌ؒมԽ͢Δͱ. Ұ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬Ϟσϧ͸ɼϦϯΫͱϊʔυΛ༻͍ͯาߦಈઢ Λ୯७Խͯ͠ද‫ۭؒͨ͠ݱ‬ϞσϧͰ͋Δɽาߦऀ͕ҠಈՄ. ͠ɼϝογϡ಺Ͱͷਁਫਂ΍ྲྀ଎͸ಉҰͱ͢Δɽ ਤ 3 Ͱ͸ɼ͋ΔϦϯΫʹ͍Δาߦऀ͕ॏෳ͢Δϝογϡ. ೳͳྖҬΛϦϯΫͰද‫͠ݱ‬ɼϦϯΫ͕ϊʔυͰ࿈݁͞ΕΔɽ. ͷਁਫσʔλ͔ΒӨ‫ڹ‬Λड͚ΔྫΛ͍ࣔͯ͠Δɽาߦऀ A. ͦͷͨΊɼҰ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬ϞσϧͰ͸ɼ࿓Լ΍෦԰͕ϦϯΫͱ. ͸ mesh47 ͱॏෳ͍ͯ͠ΔϦϯΫʹ͍ΔͨΊɼาߦ଎౓Λ. ͯ͠ѻΘΕΔɽ. ࢉग़͢Δࡍʹ mesh47 ͷਁਫσʔλʹ‫ͮ͘ج‬Ө‫ڹ‬Λड͚. ਤ 2 ͸ɼਤ 1 Ͱࣔ͞ΕΔঢ়‫گ‬ΛҰ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬ϞσϧͰද‫ݱ‬ ͨ͠΋ͷͰ͋Δɽาߦऀີ౓͕ൺֱతߴ͍৔߹ɼาߦऀ͸. Δɽಉ༷ʹาߦऀ B ͸ mesh46 ͷਁਫσʔλʹ‫ͮ͘ج‬Ө ‫ڹ‬Λड͚Δɽ. ઌߦ͢Δาߦऀͷ௚‫ޙ‬Λา͖ɼྻΛ‫ܗ‬੒͢Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ɽ. CrowdWalk ͸֤ϝογϡʹ͓͚Δਁਫਂ΍ྲྀ଎ͷ࣌ؒ. ͜ͷྻͷ‫ܗ‬੒Λं྆༻ͷಓ࿏ʹ͓͚ΔϨʔϯͱରԠͤ͞ɼ. มԽΛද͢ਁਫσʔλΛ֎෦σʔλͱͯ͠ಡΈࠐΉ͚ͩ. ⓒ 2013 Information Processing Society of Japan. 3.

(4) 情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report ද 1. Vol.2013-ICS-170 No.13 2013/3/12. ֤ଐੑͷาߦ‫ݶ‬քਫਂ͓Αͼ‫ݶ‬քྲྀ଎ͱࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ ‫ݶ‬քਫਂ ‫ݶ‬քྲྀ଎ ࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓. ੒ਓஉੑ. 0.7 (m). 2.5 (m/s). 1.5 (m/s). ੒ਓঁੑ. 0.5 (m). 2.0 (m/s). 1.3 (m/s). ࢠ‫ڙ‬ɾߴྸऀ. 0.3 (m). 1.5 (m/s). 1.0 (m/s). 3.4 䟜. ᾐỈ῝(m) 0.8 0.7. ᡂே⏨ᛶ. 0.6. 3.9 䟜. ᡂேዪᛶ. 0.5. Ꮚ౪䞉㧗㱋⪅. 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0. 0.5. 1. 1.5. 2. 2.5. ὶ㏿(m/s) ਤ4. ਁਫΤϦΞʹ͓͚Δਫਂͱྲྀ଎ʹΑΔࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ͷ‫ݮ‬ਰϞσϧ. ਤ 5. ద༻ࣄྫͷର৅ɿ෱Ԭ‫ݝ‬๺‫۝‬भࢢখ૔๺۠ (JR খ૔ӺΛ‫ؚ‬Ή ೆ๺ 3.9kmɾ౦੢ 3.4km ͷΤϦΞ). Ͱɼ֤ϝογϡʹ͓͚Δਁਫਂ΍ྲྀ଎ͷਪҠͷ‫ࢉܭ‬͸ߦΘ. A (y = 0.28x) ͷ‫཭ڑ‬Λ D ͱ͢Δͱɼͦͷϝογϡʹ͓͚. ͳ͍ɽCrowdWalk ͕ಡΈࠐΉਁਫσʔλϑΝΠϧͷ‫ࣜܗ‬. Δࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ͷ‫ݮ‬ਰ཰͸ 1 − d/D ͱද͢͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δɽ੒. ʹ͸ɼCSV Λ࠾༻͍ͯ͠Δɽਁਫσʔλ͕‫ه‬ड़͞ΕͨϑΝ. ਓஉੑͷ৔߹͸ɼࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓͕ 1.5 (m/s) ͱઃఆ͞Ε͍ͯ. Πϧ಺Ͱ͸ɼϝογϡ i ͷਁਫਂͱྲྀ଎͸ͦΕͧΕ 2i ൪. ΔͷͰɼ1.5(1 − d/D) ͕ͦͷϝογϡͰͷࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ͱ. ໨ͱ 2i + 1 ൪໨ͷྻʹ֨ೲ͞ΕɼγϛϡϨʔγϣϯεςο. ͳΔɽ. ϓ͕ߦ൪߸ʹରԠ͍ͯ͠Δɽྫ͑͹ɼ10 ྻ໨ͱ 11 ྻ໨ͷ. ֤ҠಈϞσϧΛ༻͍֤ͯλΠϜεςοϓʹ͓͚ΔҠಈ଎. σʔλ͸ϝογϡ ID=5 ͷϝογϡʹਁਫਂͱྲྀ଎ʹରԠ. ౓Λࢉग़͢Δࡍʹ͸ɼࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓͕੩తͳఆ਺ͱͯ͠༻͍. ͠ɼͦͷ 10 ߦ໨ͷσʔλ͸ 10 εςοϓ໨ͷਁਫਂͱྲྀ଎. ΒΕ͖͕ͯͨɼਁਫͷӨ‫ڹ‬Λߟྀ͢Δ৔߹ʹ͸ɼࣗ༝ྲྀ଎. Λද͍ͯ͠Δɽ. ౓͸ਁਫਂͱྲྀ଎ΛҾ਺ͱ͢ΔಈతͳύϥϝʔλͱͳΔɽ ֤ҠಈϞσϧʹ͓͚Δࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ͷࢀরͷ͞Εํʹؔͯ͠. 3.3 ਁਫσʔλͱͷ࿈੒ ௡೾΍Տ઒൙ཞʹΑΔਁਫਂ΍ྲྀ଎ʹΑͬͯาߦ଎౓͸ ௿Լ͢Δɽຊ࿦จͰ͸ɼਁਫʹΑΔาߦ଎౓ͷ‫ݮ‬ਰʹؔ͠ ͯɼԬຊΒ [10] ͕จ‫[ ݙ‬11] ʹ‫͍ͯͮج‬ϞσϧԽͨ͠ઃఆΛ. ͸ɼจ‫[ ݙ‬5] Λࢀর͞Ε͍ͨɽ. 4. ద༻ࣄྫ ਁਫঢ়‫گ‬ͷ࣌ؒมԽσʔλͱาߦՄೳྖҬΛॏ৞͠ɼ. ར༻͢Δɽද 1 ʹࣔ͞ΕΔาߦ‫ݶ‬քਫਂ͓Αͼ‫ݶ‬քྲྀ଎ͱ. CrowdWalk ͷ 3D ϏϡʔΞঢ়ʹਁਫঢ়‫گ‬Λඳը͢Δ‫ػ‬ೳ. ࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ͷઃఆͱɼਤ 4 ʹࣔ͞ΕΔࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ͷ‫ݮ‬ਰϞ. ͷద༻ࣄྫΛ঺հ͢ΔɽຊߘͰ͸ɼద༻ࣄྫͷର৅ͱͯ͠. σϧΛར༻͢Δɽ. ෱Ԭ‫ݝ‬๺‫۝‬भࢢখ૔๺۠ΛऔΓ্͛ɼਤ 5 ʹࣔ͞ΕΔ JR. ࣗ༝ྲྀ଎౓ͷ‫ݮ‬ਰ཰͸ɼਤ 4 ʹࣔ͞ΕΔ௚ઢΛ༻͍ͯࢉ. খ૔ӺΛ‫ؚ‬Ήೆ๺ 3.9kmɾ౦੢ 3.4km ͷΤϦΞΛऔΓѻ. ग़͢Δɽ੒ਓஉੑͷ৔߹Ͱ͋Ε͹ɼ(0, 0.7)ɼ(2.5, 0) ͷೋ. ͏ɽ஍ਤͷதԝΛྲྀΕ͍ͯΔͷ͕ࢵ઒Ͱɼࢵ઒ͷ౦ଆ͕Տ. ఺ؒΛ݁Ϳ௚ઢΛ A(y = 0.28x + 0.7) ͱ͢Δͱɼาߦऀͷ. ઒൙ཞ૝ఆ஍Ҭʹ૝ఆ͞Ε͍ͯΔɽ. ͍Δϝογϡͷਁਫਂͱྲྀ଎͔ΒͳΔ఺ P ͕௚ઢ A ΑΓ. าߦՄೳྖҬʹؔͯ͠͸ɼΞϧϓε͕ࣾൃߦͨ͠φϏ. ΋্ํʹ͕͋Ε͹ɼͦͷϝογϡʹ͍Δาߦऀ͸ҠಈෆՄ. ήʔγϣϯಓ࿏஍ਤʹ‫͞ࡌه‬Ε͍ͯΔಓ࿏σʔλ͔Βਤ 5. ೳͱͳΔɽ੒ਓঁੑɼࢠ‫ڙ‬ɾߴྸऀͷ৔߹΋ಉ͘͡ɼϝο. ʹࣔ͞ΕΔΤϦΞͷಓ࿏Λநग़ͨ͠‫ޙ‬ɼCrowdWalk ༻ͷ. γϡͷਁਫਂͱྲྀ଎͔ΒͳΔ఺ P ͕௚ઢΑΓ΋্ʹ͋Δ. ωοτϫʔΫϚοϓϑΝΠϧʹม‫͢׵‬Δɽਤ 6 ͸ɼର৅Τ. ৔߹͸ͦͷϝογϡͰ͸ҠಈෆՄೳͱͳΔɽ. ϦΞͷωοτϫʔΫϚοϓϑΝΠϧΛωοτϫʔΫϚοϓ. ੒ਓஉੑͷ৔߹ɼϝογϡͷਁਫਂͱྲྀ଎͔ΒͳΔ఺. ΤσΟλͰදࣔͨ͠΋ͷͰ͋Δɽ. ͕௚ઢ A ΑΓ΋Լํʹ͋Δ৔߹ɼϝογϡͷਁਫਂͱ. ਁਫΤϦΞʹؔͯ͠͸ɼ๺‫۝‬भࢢ͕ެ։͍ͯ͠Δ๷ࡂ৘. ྲྀ଎͔ΒͳΔ఺ P ͱ௚ઢ A ͷ‫཭ڑ‬Λ dɼ௚ઢ A ͱ௚ઢ. ใϚοϓ [12] ʹ‫͞ࡌه‬Ε͍ͯΔՏ઒൙ཞ૝ఆ஍Ҭʹ‫ͮج‬. ⓒ 2013 Information Processing Society of Japan. 4.

(5) 情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report. Vol.2013-ICS-170 No.13 2013/3/12. ਤ 8. าߦՄೳྖҬͱਁਫΤϦΞͷॏ৞ (Ұ෦). ਤ 9 ͱਤ 10 ͸ɼςετ༻ͷਁਫσʔλΛར༻ͯ͠ɼ. CrowdWalk ͷ 3D ϏϡʔΞͰਁਫ஍ҬΛඳըͨ͠ྫΛࣔ ͍ͯ͠Δɽਤதͷ੨৭ͷೱ୶͕ਁਫσʔλͷਁਫਂΛද͠ ͓ͯΓɼೱ͚Ε͹ೱ͍͍΄Ͳਁਫਂ͕ਂ͍͜ͱΛදͯ͠ ͍Δɽ ਤ 9 ͸ɼਤͷதԝ෦෼ʹ͋Δࢵ઒ͷ౦‫͍͓ͯʹ؛‬ɼਁਫ ਤ 6. ର৅ΤϦΞͷาߦՄೳྖҬ. ΤϦΞ͸͘͝Ұ෦Ͱɼೱ౓ͷߴ͍෦෼΋‫ݟ‬౰ͨΒͳ͍ॳ‫ظ‬ ͷਁਫ͕‫ݟ‬ΒΕΔঢ়‫گ‬Λද͍ͯ͠Δɽਤ 10 ͸ɼਤ 9 ͷঢ় ‫͔گ‬Β͞Βʹਁਫ͕ਐΈɼࢵ઒ͷ౦‫؛‬ͷ޿͍ΤϦΞ͕ਁਫ *1 ͨ͠ঢ়‫گ‬Λ͍ࣔͯ͠Δɽ. 5. ͓ΘΓʹ ຊߘͰ͸ɼਁਫʹΑΔਓతͳඃ֐ঢ়‫گ‬ΛఆྔతʹධՁ͢ ΔͨΊʹɼҰ࣍‫ۭؒݩ‬ϞσϧΛ࣮૷ͨ͠าߦऀγϛϡϨʔ λ CrowdWalk ʹ௥Ճͨ͠ਁਫঢ়‫گ‬ͷ࣌ؒมԽσʔλͱͷ ࿈੒‫ػ‬ೳΛ֓આͨ͠ɽਁਫঢ়‫گ‬ͷ࣌ؒมԽσʔλͱาߦՄ ೳྖҬΛॏ৞͠ɼਁਫঢ়‫͕گ‬าߦऀͷӨ‫ڹ‬Λࢉग़͢Δ‫ػ‬ೳ ΛऔΓ্͛ͨɽ෱Ԭ‫ݝ‬๺‫۝‬भࢢখ૔๺۠Λର৅ͱͯ͠ɼͲ ͷΑ͏ͳσʔλΛ༻͍ͯγϛϡϨʔγϣϯϞσϧΛߏங͢ Δ͔Λࣔ͠ɼਁਫΤϦΞ͕֦େ͢Δঢ়‫گ‬ΛՄࢹԽͨ͠ྫΛ ࣔͨ͠ɽਁਫঢ়‫گ‬ͷ࣌ؒมԽσʔλͱͷ࿈੒‫ػ‬ೳͷղઆʹ ཹ·͕ͬͨɼࠓ‫ޙ‬͸͜ͷ‫ػ‬ೳΛར༻࣮ͯ͠ࡍͷՏ઒൙ཞ࣌ ͷආ೉‫ܭ‬ըͷ‫ূݕ‬ΛਐΊΔɽ ࢀߟจ‫ݙ‬ ਤ 7 Տ઒൙ཞ૝ఆ஍Ҭʹ‫ਁͮ͘ج‬ਫΤϦΞ (ਤ 6 ʹରԠ). ͍ͯਁਫΤϦΞͱͯ͠ฤू͢Δɽਤ 7 ͸ɼର৅ΤϦΞͷਁ. [1] [2]. ਫΤϦΞΛදࣔͨ͠΋ͷͰ͋Δɽ͜ͷϝογϡͷαΠζ͸. 20 ϝʔτϧ࢛ํͰɼਤ 7 ʹࣔ͞ΕΔՏ઒൙ཞ૝ఆ஍Ҭ͸. [3]. 1,469 ‫ݸ‬ͷϝογϡ͔Βߏ੒͞Ε͍ͯΔɽ ਤ 8 ͸ɼਤ 6 ͱਤ 7 ͷาߦՄೳྖҬͱਁਫΤϦΞͷॏ ৞ͨ͠΋ͷͷҰ෦Λ͍ࣔͯ͠ΔɽਁਫΤϦΞʹ‫·ؚ‬ΕΔ֤ ϝογϡʹ͸ ID ׂ͕Γ౰ͯΒΕ͓ͯΓɼγϛϡϨʔλͷ ར༻ऀ͸֤ϝογϡͷਁਫσʔλΛઃఆ͢Δɽ ⓒ 2013 Information Processing Society of Japan. [4] *1. ๺‫۝‬भࢢɿ๺‫۝‬भࢢ஍Ҭ๷ࡂ‫ܭ‬ը ฏ੒ 25 ೥ 1 ݄मਖ਼Ҋ (2013). ‫ߦܟ୔܂‬ɼຊؒ‫׮ج‬ɼยాහ޹ɿେ‫ن‬໛Տ઒Λର৅ͱ͠ ͨߑਫආ೉ରࡦͷ૯߹γϛϡϨʔγϣϯ෼ੳɼ౔໦‫ܭ‬ը ֶ‫ߨڀݚ‬ԋ࿦จूɼVol. 37, No. CD-ROMʢ272) (2008). ‫ߦܟ୔܂‬ɼยాහ޹ɿେ౎ࢢେ‫ن‬໛ਫ֐Λର৅ͱͨ͠ආ ೉ରࡦʹؔ͢ΔγϛϡϨʔγϣϯ෼ੳɼ೔ຊࡂ֐৘ใֶ ձୈ 13 ճ‫ൃڀݚ‬දେձ༧ߘूɼpp. 37–42 (2011). ‫ߦܟ୔܂‬ɼยాහ޹ɼ‫ٴ‬઒ɹ߁ɼࣇ‫ۄ‬ɹਅɿߑਫΛର৅ ࠓճදࣔʹར༻ͨ͠ਁਫσʔλ͸ՍۭͷσʔλͰ͋Δɽࢵ઒͸ɼ ௨ৗͷ઒ͷਫ͕ྲྀΕ͍ͯΔ௿ਫ࿏͕௿͘ɼ઒ఈ͕पลͷ౔஍ΑΓ ΋௿͍ɽͦͷͨΊɼ֎ਫ൙ཞ͕‫͘͘ʹ͖ى‬ɼ࣮ࡍʹ͸͜ͷΑ͏ͳ ޿Ҭతͳਁਫ͸‫͜ى‬Γʹ͍͘ͱߟ͑ΒΕ͍ͯΔɽ. 5.

(6) 情報処理学会研究報告 IPSJ SIG Technical Report. Vol.2013-ICS-170 No.13 2013/3/12. 1732–1744 (2012). Yamashita, T., Soeda, S. and Noda, I.: Evacuation Planning Assist System with Network Model-based Pedestrian Simulator, Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Principles of Practice in Multi-Agent Systems (PRIMA), Vol. 5925, pp. 649–656 (2009). [10] Ԭຊɹກɼ໨ࠇެ࿠ɿආ೉ߦಈγϛϡϨʔγϣϯʹ‫ͮج‬ ͘௡೾ආ೉ࠔ೉౓ϚοϐϯάγεςϜͷ։ൃɼੜ࢈‫ڀݚ‬ɼ Vol. 59, No. 3-2, pp. 37–40 (2007). [11] རࠜ઒‫ڀݚ‬ձɿརࠜ઒ͷߑਫʕ‫ޠ‬Γ‫ྲྀ͙ܧ‬Ҭͷྺ࢙ɼࢁ ւಊ (1995). [12] ๺ ‫ ۝‬भ ࢢɿ๺ ‫ ۝‬भ ࢢ ๷ ࡂ ৘ ใ Ϛ ο ϓ ϖ ʔ δ খ ૔ ๺ ۠ ɼ๺ ‫ ۝‬भ ࢢʢ Φ ϯ ϥ Π ϯ ʣɼೖ ख ઌ http://www.mizukankyokan.jp/bosaijohomap/kokurakita.pdf ʢࢀর 2013-02-06ʣ . [9]. ਤ 9. ਤ 10. [5]. [6]. [7]. [8]. ࢵ઒౦‫͚͓ʹ؛‬Δਁਫঢ়‫)ظॳ( گ‬. ࢵ઒౦‫͚͓ʹ؛‬Δਁਫঢ়‫ਁ( گ‬ਫ஍Ҭ֦େ‫)ޙ‬. ͱͨ͠ࡂ֐૯߹γφϦΦɾγϛϡϨʔλͷ։ൃͱͦͷ๷ ࡂ‫ڭ‬ҭ΁ͷద༻ɼ౔໦ֶձ࿦จू DɼVol. 64, No. 3, pp. 354–366 (2008). ࢁԼྙԝɼԬాɹਸɼ໺ా‫ेޒ‬थɿେ‫ن‬໛‫ྲྀू܈‬ಈͷ੍ ‫͚ͨ޲ʹޚ‬γϛϡϨʔγϣϯ‫ڥ؀‬ͷߏஙɼ߹ಉΤʔδΣ ϯτϫʔΫγϣοϓˍγϯϙδ΢Ϝ JAWS (Joint Agent Workshop and Symposium) 2012 ༧ߘू (2012). ઒஑݈࢘ɼத઒ɹҰɼࠓҪ༸ฌɼࢁా༟࢘ɿ౎ࢢҬͷ಺ਫ ൙ཞղੳʹ͓͚ΔԼਫಓγεςϜͷϞσϧԽɼ‫౎ژ‬େֶ ๷ࡂ‫ॴڀݚ‬೥ใ֓ཁूɼNo. 51 B, pp. 591–601 (2008). ɹ ಺ ֳ ෎ɿେ Ӎ ࡂ ֐ ʹ ͓ ͚ Δ ආ ೉ ͷ ͋ Γ ํ ౳ ‫ ݕ‬౼ ձ ɼ಺ ֳ ෎ʢ Φ ϯ ϥ Π ϯ ʣɼೖ ख ઌ http://www.bousai.go.jp/3oukyutaisaku/kentoukai/ index.html ʢࢀর 2013-02-06ʣ. ࢁԼྙԝɼ෭ాढ़հɼେ੢ਖ਼ًɼґాҭ࢜ɼ໺ా‫ेޒ‬थɿ Ұ࣍‫ݩ‬าߦऀϞσϧΛ༻͍ͨߴ଎ආ೉γϛϡϨʔλͷ։ ൃͱͦͷԠ༻ɼ৘ใॲཧֶձ࿦จࢽɼVol. 53, No. 7, pp.. ⓒ 2013 Information Processing Society of Japan. 6.

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