Zigzagged: Ripped to bits, torn to shreds 利用統計を見る

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Zigzagged: Ripped to bits, torn to shreds

著者

Joff Peter Norman Bradley

journal or

publication title

dialogos

number

14 page range

83-106

year

2014-02

URL

http://id.nii.ac.jp/1060/00006639/

Creative Commons : 表示 - 非営利 - 改変禁止 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.ja

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83

Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,torntoshreds

JoffPeterNormanBradley

Abstract Inthispaperlendeavourtoexplorethetropesof6tearing'andthe｡veil'. Throughananalysisofmodemistliteratureandpoetry(D.H.Lawrence)and philosophy(WilliamJames,DeleuzeandGuattari,HegelandHeidegger),this paperexplorestheideasofripping,tearingandslittingtherent.Whilethisfbrthe mostpartmayappeararatherstrangechoiceoftopic,itisintimatelyboundtothe

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whichblighttheplanet.Atthecentreoftheanalysisisaconsiderationofchaosand crisis.ThecruxofthematterpertainstothenotionoftheveilandZe〃j“e"he〃

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thenotionoftearingisexplicateduponthroughaninitialexaminationof'Mlliam JameyderivednotionofZe〃j”e"ﾙe"befbreconsideringD.H.Lawrence.The paperconcludeswithanexaminationorHegelandHeideggerandadiscussionof whythediscussionistimely. Keywords:〃〃畑e"ﾙe",Hegel,D.H.Lawrence,literature,veil,poetry

Zigzagged

AwitnesstothementalanguishwhichbesetSanFranciscansafierthe 7.9-magnitudeearthquakedevastatedtheBayAreaonAprill8th,1906,William

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84 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley} James(1842-1910),inanalysingthepsychosocialeffectsoftheearthquake, exploredmanisinnerfiagmentationinthewakeofsuchamomentousnatural event.Inachapterentitled@OnSomeMentalEffectsoftheEarthquake'in

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akindofkineticempathyamongstthesurvivors,a@rapidityoftheimprovisation oforderoutofchaos、tocreateorderoutofchao3.Amidstthedestructionthat theearthquakeunleashed,JamesdetectedastrOngsenseofcamaraderieanda renewedsenseofhope,auniversalequanimity,orwhathecalledakindofheroism assurvivorsekedoutanewbeginningfromamidsttheruins.Inhimselfand others,Jamesfbundnotraceoffearassuch,butonlyaGpuredelightandwelcome' astheearthquakeunleasheditsalmightynaturalpower・Recordingasenseof Gnervousexcitement'amongthosebearingwitnesstothetremor､hediscemed@the passionatedesirefbrsympatheticcommunication'.Hediscernedauniversalsense ofcheerfillness,a｡steadfastnessoftone',and廿omtheexperienceconcludedby speakingupfbrthecommonestman,declaringthatsuchmenwillgoonthriving, Gsinglyandcollectively',displayingan$admirablefbrtimdeoftemper'.Despitethe gravityofthedevastation,James,accordingtohisbiographerRichardson(2006), inthelatterdaysofhislife,learnedmuch廿omthisexperience,andadopted,in thelastinstance,aphilosophyoflifethataffirmed｡chaos,cataclysm,change, Zど〃畑e"ﾙe"(brokenness),impulse,andchance'.Moreover,inhisyouth,James, likesomanyofusperllaps,wasaHlictedby@aconstimtionaldisease'fomwhich hesufferedgreatly.Hecalledthis〃〃伽e"〃e"ortorn-to-pieces-hood,deriving thetermfiomGermanphilosophyOnthematterofyouthandtorn-to-pieces-hood, Jameswrites: 恥加veα〃た"ow"//iqrexpe"e"ce,./br/o6eル"mα〃/S/Oたe/α〃伽鄙成w庇臥かαα"だα〃此α加α伽ze〃α"ec伽"s…α"droyeqr"/brsere"叩/b7so"7e

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Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,tomtoshreds 85 '"e"戒"gQ/oz"'/or"-"p/eces-/7ooci' Rippedtobits,torntoshreds,JameWsdaysarebroken｡inpurezigzagand interruption'.Onthematterofthezigzag,thesenseofawildnightofideasor rhapsodyofperceptionsinEFsc加加Ra成cQ/E'"p脚c畑"(1912/1990)isdescribed as:@Mererestlesszigzagmovement,orawildMbe城"c/i/,orRﾙ叩sod/eder

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throughout・Yet,itisthroughtheveryexperienceof〃〃応se"ﾙe"thatJameshnds thepossibilityofmetamomhosis;fbritisinhopeandredemptionthatchaosand despairare,ashesays6severedlikecobwebs,brokenlikebubbleg.

FantaSiaOftheunconsciouS:4""-0α加"sandD.H.Lawrence

777e/"kQ/SC/"zOα"αlysisgoeshywqyQMes""C"O〃‐αw/7o/esco"""gqﾊﾙe ""co"scjo"s,Qco'"p/e/eα"｡e"age.Des"･qyOedjp"s,//iei//"s/o"Q///'eego, /ﾙe〃〃e/QMies"e'弓ego,g"/",/he/α州cas"α"o".〃js〃o/α'"α"erQ/p/o"s 火s""c伽"s,s"c/i"//iosepeﾉb""'edhy"yc/70α"α恥/s〃"娩旅hebe"evo/e"/ "e""α/eyeQf//7eα"αlys/.(DeleuzeandGuattari,1977/1983) O2""Ws/o",o"'･"7α叩ﾉりﾉs/cWsweα""gwoe/iｨ"W〃",α〃/ﾙeα〃13weα""g "6so/"/e/V/ﾙ'でα助α形.恥加ve"ojiｨ""℃.･"e"/ie'･jbroz〃/7叩es〃oro"rαﾉ脚s〃oγ o"rα".〃ﾙ“α〃go"eg/Eyq"叩α9"e."e'vego//o"//7eo"'ﾉe//Q/qvMo" qcmss,Q"万"dw加/oI"/7eα〃'でα"1'6e//evesj",q/iera"霞･q"dw/7q//ﾉ'eﾉ7eα〃肥α"vwα"応/b'/〃e"ex/ji!""℃…Rjp//ieve"Q/r/7eo/dvMo〃αcmss,q"dwq/h ﾉﾉ”"g伽ﾙeだ"/.(D.HLawrence,1922/2004)

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86 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley} IntheprefacetoR7"rasjaQMeU>7co"scjo"s,writmgmthemannerbefittmg theroleofavisionary,ametaphysicalandiconoclasticthinker,amanatodds withhisage,D.H・Lawrencebeseecheshisreaders･toriptheveiloftheoldvision acrossandwalkthroughtherent'.Writingtosubvertthepetrifyingtendencies ofmodemlife,DH.Lawrencefindsinheringinartananti-civilandbourgeois impulse・Onthispoint,andbemoaningthelossofbeliefintheworld､hewritesin thefbrwardtohis肋"/“jaQr/ﾉ?eU"co"scio"s(p.vii): Mｾ"/舵α〃s“αCCC城"g/oso"feg""α"y"ve/叩/"gα"‘/〃α伽α/かw"〃e""9 V加o"・肋なv航o"exな応αなo“αの"α〃c枕αoγ碗α"/Wc-emな/肺jα”"c〃．剛e〃〃js〃"/b/伽J伽o/旅α”α".O"′v航o",o"'･be//g/;o!〃碗e/"/iys/cis weα""gwog/iM"W〃加α"伽〃eα〃Isweα""gq6so/"/ely/ﾙ花α肋α形.恥ルave〃o ん/"7e,."e肋α/b'-oz"ル叩es〃o7oz〃αIms〃o7oz〃α".〃ル“α〃go"e〃叩aM Opq9"e. Readersareenticedtocasttheireyesbeyondfabricationandartifce,toripaway theoldveil,tofind6whattheheartreallybelievesm'.Butmorethanhs,inanact ofprovocation,theyarecalledupontoriptheveiloftheoldvision@completely'

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whichcanemerge廿omchaos,heasserts: β"/"Or〃"gw///ever9"e"cルル"〃α"脚α"d/"加加α〃pore""α"〃rOeVOんe so”e〃"g"Zag刀旅e"roz"qf"""e''ﾉeachαos.I伽刀a6e/伽e加evo/"伽",伽〃〃 r/ies"""ge"essα"〃α加加w‐c加"geqfeve"-'℃"ewedc形α"vecM/加"o"s.(1922, p.9) AfierremarksontheearlyreceptionofFreudinFql"""Q/､/〃e[/"co"sc肋ｲsand

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Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,torntoshreds 87 PWc肋α"αん油α"d/ﾉ7eU"co"sc/o2/s(1922),Lawrencewrites@ChaosinPoetry' in1928,publishedayearlaterinDecember..ChaosinPoetry'wasprintedin GExchangeWasanintroductiontoAmericanHarryCrosby'svolumeofpoetry Cﾙα"o/Q//ﾉ7eS"〃Crosby,aworkwhichdwelledonthesymbolismofthesun andexploredthemesofdeathandsuicide.Inthiswork,theroleofthepoetand hisrelationtotruthandchaosarediscussedindetail.Inlivingwithin.astrange andfbrever-surgingchaod,Lawrenceinsistsmancomestoknowakeydifference betweenhisownspeciesandtheanimals.MuchlikeRussianphilosopher AlexandreKmeve'sview(1902-1968),whogavehisfamouslecturesonHegelin thel930s,attendedbySartreandBatailleamongothernotaries,Lawrencestated thatwhileanimalsarecontentwiththechaos,fbrtheyknownothingelse,man cannotendureorabidebysuchastateofaffairs.Tosurvivethisanarchyman wrapshimselfinvisions,moralcowardice,falsevisions;constructseverlasting tales,simulacra,andmakes@ahouseofapparentfbrmandstability,fixity'. Terrifiedofchaos,manerectsanumbrellabetweenhimselfand､theeverlasting whirl'.ThisisnecessarylestthemadhousebeckonsorwedescendfUrtherintothe lnlre・ Whatispaintedontheunder-sideofhisumbrellaisafirmament,the archandexpanseofthesky.Blissfilllyignorantofthewildchaosbeyondthe protectivedomeorvault,@manparadesaround,livesanddiesunderhisumbrella'; unconcemedwiththeother-worldlystrife.Forthepoetthiscannotlast､Thepoet cannotabidebythishorrorastheunder-sideoftheparasol-withtime-eventually mrnsbleachedandstified;thesmulacrumlosesitsbeautyandpoweroffalsity､n turnsnihilistic.Theconsequence:lifebecomesstalewhenuntruthsmetamorphose intoentrenchedfact.Facinguptotheterrorofthispossibility,andalwaysalready

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恥加祁c加"""g-anunprecedentedworldview,adifferingcomportmenttothe

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88 _{JoffPeterNormanBradley} world,acommitmenttoman9"αmanorapeopleyettocome. Thepoetagitates-ushersinalittlechaosintoman'sheartsandminds. Consequently,fromthisbraveact,Lawrence's･commonplace'mancatches aglimpseofchaos、through･awindowtothesun'、Yet,whencetumedintoa genuinedraught,theglimpseprovestoomuchaschaospulverisesthesoulof thecommonplaceman.A廿aidofthechaos,he｡daubsasimulacrum'overthe windowthatsurveysthedisorder・Theumbrellaispatchedoverwith､thepainted patchofthesimulacrum'.Thevisionbecomesahouse-decoration,@a廿esco onavaultedroof'.Theglowingopenfirmament9"αsimulacrumisfbrmedin cinnumerablepatcheg.Atthismoment,itappearsasifLawrence'svisionshares aresemblancetoJeanBaudrillard'spostmodernnightmareoftheendofthereal andthereignofthesimulacra.ButwhileBaudrillardbemoanstheimplosionof therealinhisdarkermoments,Lawrencehasthepoetactasqge"rpmvocqre", fbreverpreparedtoexposemantothechaosofthereal.Moreover,Lawrence differscruciallyftomthenihilismofBaudrillardbyassertingthatthepoethas accesstotherealandassuchhasarole,nayduty,tomakeslitsto｡theopenand windychaoT.Inapemetualstateofunrest,theunbearablemustbecon廿onted andexperiencedevenfbrthemostsatiated,commonplaceman.Confiontedwith amechanisedandimpersonalmodernity,acivilisationfar廿omthe｡true'meaning ofitsname,Lawrencebemoansthefactthatchaosisallbeshutout.5Thisconcern alsoappearedinhisfirstnove1,77ie〃ﾙ"e〃αcock,inwhichLawrencehasthe characterAnnabledescribecivilisationa;thepaintedfilngusofrottennes9. AccordingtoHenlyMiller(1980,p､248),Annableisthe､filndamental,potential ofLawrence,theideal-heroimageofhimself',anay-sayertoanysignofculmre. LawrencespeaksthroughAnnable. Theumbrellaunwielding,theumbrellaabsolute,thestorytooencompassing, thevisiontooattractiveandseductive,thepatchesandplastertootightandhard

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-Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,torntoshreds 89 theslitnomore.ChaosmbematesasnostalgiauntilsomeeterrificwindblowSthe umbrellatoribbons,andmuchofmankindtooblivion'.Lawrencewrites(2005, p.lll):"Therestwillshiverinthemidstofchaos.Forchaosisalwaysthere,and alwayswillbe,nomatterhowweputupumbrellasofvisions.''1nsumma:Poets renectandconveythisinwarddesireofmankind,thedesirefbrchaos,andin themselvespossessthecouragetoembracetheirfears.Thedesirefbrchaosisthe breathandlifeofpoetryandalltruepoetryi3mostsubtlyandsensitivelychaotic, outlawed'(2005,p.lll),thusspokeLawrence. 6ChaosinPoetry'iscitedintheconcludingchapterofDeleuzeandGuattari's 〃ﾙα〃sPMos叩ﾉ城（1994).CommentingonLawrence's‘violentlypoetictext， (1994,p.203),andusedprincipallyinadiscussionoverthedifferentiationofthe

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agreewithLawrenceandfinditisartistsmdwriters,whommakmgslitsmthe umbrella@tearopen'thefirmamentandexposethoseshelteringtothe@廿eeand

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philosophy,science,andart,廿omthosewhoarebenton､violently'tearingopen thefirmamentwithoutasecondthought.ForDeleuzeandGuattari,inorderto extricateoneself廿omthenihilismofthisfbnnofchaos,oneneedsamodicum ofconsistencytowardoffthedangers.Putanotherway,toavoid,accordingto Hallward(2006,p.109),those@searingboltsofcreativitythattearthroughus, throughanyoneandeveryone'.Oneneedsalittlelandtofallbackupon.With Guattari,Deleuzeinsistsupon｡alittleordertoprotectusfiFomchaog.One mustlearnhowtoenduretheemptinessofBlanchot'seSpqce〃〃”α〃eorthe 'exhaustion!thatDeleuzeattributestoBeckett.Artistsbecome.Thatistheirnature. Theirwildnature.Chaosistheimpersonal.ItisAnglo-Americanwriterswho knowhowtoescape,howtoexperimentwithchaos,tofindalittleshelter,toHee 廿omthequotidianandthedomestic・DeleuzeandGuattariwrite:

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90 _{JofTPeterNonnanBradley} ルo胴〃と"てfyroLqwだ"Ce,/知"7Me/v///e/oA"/eK/"esα"7ecﾊﾉ〃"邸oz"..go αc'りss,gero"6花α肺ﾉ”"g〃血w伽/〃ice？鮒/hep"ceqfq6eco〃"g-α"伽αノリ q6eco""gr/7Owe7o7･roc応α"6eyo""'",q@g"α"gebeco"""g-i"ﾌe7cql肋ノセ… Miller'sworkechoesmuchofthesamespiritofLawrence'sdefinitionoftheartist Hewritesthattheartistisalwaysagainstfbnn(1980.p.242),adding: /Hﾉe/sq/wqy8α〃jco"oc/"/becα"se/Iere9""esc"oso"/Qfw/7/c"oes"〃杣 oJttrα耐加『碗o岬一ル/so/て〃ルjs/jq/w70"yLMe〃"かc花α伽e加成v〃"αん,6e //7GWﾌoe/s,/7emes,pﾉりp舵応,SqI"応,加veα/wqWbee"/"/-s"7"ﾉ7"s,α/wqysbee" /h"α"cα〃"CO'"pmm伽"gα"α'℃ﾙﾉc,α伽o'mqﾉ;〃rﾙo/Ogic,ctge"em/ei/yo"/伽． DiscussingLawrence'sparagonofthepoet-artist,Millerimpressivelydescribes thevisionofwalkingthroughtherent,imaginingtheanteriorworldlefibehind. Heisalone.Assuch,itisthisveilofillusionwhichmustbetomtobits,which givestheartisthis""o""'e"e.Millercontinuesbysayingthattheveilsconceal endlessothers:"[I]nsunderingtheveilhegivesushisart.Butwhenhehastom theveilitisonlytodiscovernewveils.Thatishismissiontotearasundertheveils inordertorevealnewveils.''Thereisnorespitefromtheendless,violent,task. IntheprefacetoFannyDeleuze'sFrenchtranslationofLawrence's

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LawrenceisnamedbyDeleuzeinthesamebreathalongsideSpinozaand

Nietzsche,asawriterwhopeeksbeyondthefirmamem.AccordmgtoBuchanan

inhisessay<Deleuzeandhissources:ResponsetoAnneleenMasschelein'(Ross, 2009),thisisbecauseDeleuzetreatsLawrence,likeSpinozaandNietzsche,as asymptomatologistoftheage・Asacriticofthemodemityofhisday,Lawrence writesthenovelsofSpinozism-aconcernwiththecomoreal,withaffect,with

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Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,tomtoshreds 91 whatthebodycα"血withwhatproducessadnessandjoy. ItisthroughDeleuze'sreadingofLawrence's｡unhinged'works,according toMasschelein(Ross,p.24)thatthelatterisknittedwithinaharlequincanonof uncannywriters,nestedalongsidenotonlyEnglishandAmericannovelistsbut EuropeanwriterssuchasH61derlin,Kleist,Kafka.Intemaltothiscanon,thereis muchcross-fertilisationbetweenphilosophyandart,philosophyandliteramre-a becomingonefbrtheother.Detennineda､hybrid'genius-Lawrenceconiuresup an@athleticism'andraisesMbだ"cetonewlevelsofexperimentation.Artistsand poetsknowhowtoinstallthemselveswithinthisverydifferenceandchaos.Such Ghybrid'geniusesarefimambulists-acrobats@tornapartinashowofstrength' -throughanexcessofstrength(DeleuzeandGuattari,1994,p.67). ReferencestoLawrencearescatteredthroughoutDeleuzeandGuattari's oe"wne.Forexample,in"""-0edjp"s(1983)itisnotFreudwhoisconsidered possessingan6accurateview'ofsexualitybutLawrenceandMiller.Thevision (2004,p.l5)ofthetrueunconsciousinLawrence'swritingsisthesitethrough which@lifebubblesupinus,priortoanymentality'.In@ToHaveDonewith Judgment',Lawrence'smodelofthebodyiscomparedtoDeleuze'sownnotion ofthe｡bodywithoutorgans'-derivedfieomAntoninArtaud-thatistosay,thesite oftheafbrementioned｡affectiveAthleticism'.Indeed,DeleuzeandGuattariadopt Lawrence'ssloganofthe&dirtylittlesecret'(1977/1983,p.49),tocritiquethe rigidtriangulationandsuffbcationofdesireinpsychoanalysis.Lawrenceissingled outasawriterwhothinksofthehealthofthesuMectwhoistorninalldirections,

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becausesomethinginlifeprovestoomuchtobearwimessto,orhasembraced@the quietmarkofdeath'(1996,p.172). Tosummarise,inhiscritiqueofmoderncivilisation,ofwhichtheopposition

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92 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley} tothestraightiacketofFreudianconceptsfindsacentralplace,Lawrencewrites agamstthemaladyofsuhjectivityofwhichmantoilsunderandwhichsmpefies man,makes"smodemsa･ghastlysimulacrumoflife',whichshutsouteﾉ℃s.Such acultureisalwaysalreadyonthevergeofselfdestruction.Thetychicpoetin tearingatthefabricofthefalse,aHirmsanapocalypticvisionofchaos,tumultand

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andtheartistseethatrealityitselfischaotic.Theproblemiscivilisationdisguises suchchaos.Ultimatelylitbehovesthepoettotranscendthepresentstateofaffairs, tospeakagainstthehorrorsoftheworldandtoimagineaworldyettocome. Chaosmosis htheirownway,Lawrence'stextsreHectthestruggleagamstopmionand clich6;theyresistthesayablethatprotectsagainstthechaos.Itisperhapsbetter putlikethis:ifpoetsandartistsarethoseenemiesofconventionwhotearopenthe firmamem,itisthecrowdofimtatorsfomtheconnnlncationmdustrieswhich patchovertherentwithhearsay,the｡clich63ofopinion,order-words(Deleuze andGuattari,1996,p,204).IimagineLawrencesidingwithDeleuzeandGuattari incondemningtheabuseofreasonandtruth加o""y. Iftheunspeakableinnerchaoscanbemi汀oredinconsciousness,mind,and evencivilisation,(Lawrence,1964,p.255),isthisnotthedescriptionofthestate ofZE〃/”e""e〃pqr.exce此"Ce？Elsewhere,Deleuzesaysweneedcircuitbreakers， vacuolesofnon-communicationtochallengetherisinghegemonyofcliche.Asa philosopherand-Iwouldargue-himselfasymptamologistoftheage,Deleuze

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96 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley} Literatureiscommunicationwiththelattertennunderstoodas:feltasnakednesg bybothwriterandreader,withthewriter'swoundexposedtothelatter. OnecouldsayinthesameveinasJamesthat〃〃伽e"ﾙe"istheconditionin whichtheyoungHegelwaslefidebilitated.InastatementaboutthegreatGennan philosopherandhissystembuilding,BatailleclaimsHegeldescribesapersonal momentofviolence.HesaysthatfbrtheyoungHegel,thethirstfbrclosureand completenesstookhimtothebrinkofhimselfBatailleimaginestheyoungHegel touchingtheextreme,theverysinewsandvisceraofthought.Madnessthen mightbeconsideredacompletedismembennentoftheselfltisthetonnentof beingtorn.ForBataille,Hegelgraspedtheimpossibilityofunity,sawthesubject belabouredbyananoriginaltearbAndindeed,letusalsoremindourselvesthatat theendofthelastlectureofhisl939course,KQjeve(1969,p.168),spokeofa periodof@completedepression'inHegel'slifeinhislate20s,ofa6hypochondria' sodebilitatingasto@paralyseallhispowerg.Thedepressionstemmed6precisely 廿omthefactthathecouldnotacceptthenecessaryabandonmentofindividuality -thatis,acmally,0fhumanity-whichtheideaofabsoluteKnowledgedemanded' (p.168).Inapassage廿omHegel'sessay肋肋α"K"owIe"e(1801),KQjeve citesthefbllowing:"AllthegnatsofSubjectivityarebumedinthisdevouring Hameandtheveryconsciousnessofhsgivmg-ofLoneselfandofthisaI血hilation isannihilated."Finally,KQjeveremarksthatHegelsunnountshis.hypochondria' -onecouldsayhisZど〃isse"んe"-andreconcileshimselfwithallthatisandhas been;heclosesoffthesystem,annulsa城e伽"gandheraldingtheendofhistory thesisinsists.therewillnevermorebeanythingnewonearth'.

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Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,tomtoshreds 99 andecstasycoexist'(Thylor,1987)

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consciousnessissplitasunderwhatemergesfiomthisplightisadiscemmentof thewidercrisisoftheage.ForHeidegger,suMectivityinmodernphilosophyis itselfpreciselysuhjectedtothetompredicamentastornconsciousness.Moreover, thetornconditionofthinkingkeepsthewayopenfbrmetaphysics.Onthismatter, albeitsomewhatcryptically,hewrites(1968,p.89)::6Betteramendedsockthana tomone-notsowithselfLconsciousness.''Wecanreadtherifiortornconditionas anopeningorwayintometaphysics. ThedepictionbyLawrenceofthepoetastoilingtodisrupttheeveryday, toinstilamomentof[/"ﾉ7e伽〃c賊e",canbereadintheHeideggerianlightof thepoeticwordatonceveiling(unconcealmentorα〃ﾙe/q)andunveiling:it bothrevealsandconcealsmeaningandunderstanding.Inthisway,thepoetis sitedintersticiallybetweenthesensoryandimaginary,realandappearance,the

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100 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley} comorealandeternal;in-betweenshadowandlight,absenceandpresence,veiling andunveiling,concealmentandunconcealment,shelteringandclearing,being andbeings・Whatdifferentiatesthisreading廿omLawrence'sworkisthatchaosis notjustvisible,butpartlyconcealedfi.omview.Thisisbecausefillltransparency andexposuretochaosisthetruehorror.ContraLawrence,thepoet'sremitis rathertoelicitchaosfromconcealment,廿omwithdrawal.WhilefbrLawrence, poeticviolenceripsawaywhathasbeenpaperedover,"e"7ejqisadrawingoutof somethingfromfbrgottenness.ForHeidegger,the"ofDaseinisthepossibility ofanopening,anunveilingofthepossibilitytoexistasabeing-thereinbotha temporalandspatialsense.Yetbecausethebeinglessofbeingsisveiled,hidden, bytherationalisingspiritoftheage,therelationofDaseintotheearthisveiled. Thedisclosureorunveilingispossibilisedbutalsothebringingtoquestionof theverypossibilityofabeingbeing-thereisproblematised.Unveilingisalsoa veiling.Thepoetunveilschaos,butitischaositselfwhichwithdraws.Onthis lineofargument,Lawrencecan'tgetatthewildwindsofchaos.Theviolenceof theLawrentianpoetisneedlessonthisaccountasthepoetmustbringfbrththose latentmeaningshiddenbeneathandbeyondveilsofwords-cautiously,calmly, deliberately,peacefillly.ForPhilippeLacoue-Labarthe,onthisaccount,truth (unveiling)veilsitselfastheimpossibilityofveiling(Martis,2005,p.172).

ConclusionJapanandZE〃伽e"〃〃

Fromtheabove,wehavefbundZe"/sse"舵〃unveilsinsomewaythe psychologicalcrisisamictingmanyphilosophersandwritersatsometimein theirlives-theinnerdivisions,thebeingtornapart.Infiltureresearchitwould

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Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,tomtoshreds 101 stateofZe"/sse"舵〃.Wemightalsoexaminethattheル加肋〃o"orsocial reclusesmJapanaresimilarlydescribablemthosetennsastheyhndthemselves inﾙｾ/isc/We"orwor/fﾉWea〃"e".Itisquiteclearthatifmoreandmoreyoung peopleinJapanarelockedinthisstateof〃〃/”e"ﾉ7e",andunabletobreakfreeof it,thensomethingmustbedone. MightastartingpointbuttoconsiderD.H.Lawrence'sworkasacontribution tothisprQjectbecausehisconceptionofpoetryasviolentandbrutalwouldconnect withacritiqueofpsychoanalysis:contraFreud,schizoanalysisisde-familiarising, de-oedipalising,。e-castrating？TheprescienceofLawrencemightcontributetothe undoingoftheatre,dream,andfantasy.Writingagainstthetriangulationofdesire andthestraightjacketofpsychoanalysis,Lawrencedecodesanddeterritorialises: Hismachineshumalongtearingandlacerating.Theirjoyisamalevolentone.

… 鯉山 y

Allison,A.(JanualyOl,2012).Ordinaryrefilgees:Socialprecarityandsoulin21st centuryJapan.""/ﾙ'"o/og/cq/g"α′γeγ〃85,2,345-370. Bataille,G.(1973).L"em""℃α"dev//.London:CalderandBoyars. Bataille,G.(1988).肋"〃expe"e"ce.Albany:StateUniversityofNewYorkPress. Buchanan,I.(2006).De/e"zeb7従'se"/e"ces.ResearchOnline. Deleuze,G.(1997).EsMysc〃"cα/α"αc""jca/,Minneapolis:Universityof MinnesotaPress. Deleuze,G.,&Guattari,F.(1983)."""-Oedip"s'･C叩加/な〃α"sc/rizOp〃だ"/α・ Minneapolis:UniversityofMinnesotaPress.OriginallypublishedLIanti-Gdipe,1977. Deleuze,G.,Guattari,F.,Tomlinson,H.,&Burchell,G．(1994).〃加〃s pMos叩/Iy?.NewYOrk:ColumbiaUniversityPress.Originallypublished

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102 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley} Q"ｾs/-ce9"e/αp"/osOpﾙﾉe？1991． Gemerchak,C.M.(2003).77ieS"""yqfrﾙe"ega加巳･雌α‘伽gBα〃"e,reqdi"g Hege/.Albany:StateUniversityofNewYorkPress. Hallward,P.(2006).O"/qr"swoγ〃.･De/e"ze""//iepﾙ"“叩"yqfc花α"O"、 London:Verso. Heidegger,M.(1968).〃肋〃Scα"e〃r〃"k加9？NewYork:Harper＆ROW・ Originallypublished"""eMrDe"舵"?,〃卿 Heidegger,M(2003).FFo"rse"""α応.BIoomington,m:IndianaUniversityPress. Hege1,G.W.F.,Miller,A.V,&Findlay,J.N.(1977).P舵"o碗e"oﾉogyQ/sp/'"・ Oxfbrd:ClarendonPress. James,W(1911).Mを加oγ畑α"伽r"伽es.NewYork:Longmans,Green. James,W(1990).EsMW加rα的cα/e〃ﾌ伽c加刀.Raleigh,N.C:AlexCatalOgue,p. 94． Lawrence,D.H(1978)."oc""se.Paris:Balland. Lawrence,D.H.,Steele,B.,&Lawrence,D.H.(1922/2004).A)Jc肋α"αか剛 α〃ﾉﾙe〃"co"scio"s.･4"cIFq"/qs/qqf//'e〃"co"scio"s.Cambridge,UK: CambridgeUniversityPress. Lawrence,D.H.,Reeve,NH,&Worthen,J.(2005).""o"c伽"sα""reWews. NewYork:CambridgeUniversityPress. グ Levmas,E.(2001).ExMe"ceq"ex/s/e"応.Pittsburgh,Pa:DuquesneUniversity Press・Originallypublished,De/ExMe"ce"ExMe"1947. Martis,J.(2005).P〃抑eLqco"e-Lα加"ﾙe.･Re"ese"/α加刀α"//ie/ossQ///ie s""ec/.NewYOrk:FordhamUniversityPress. Miller,H.(1980).77iewor〃qrLqwre"ce.･4p"sjo"q/eα〃花cjq"o".Santa Barbara,CalifCapraPress. Pintel;H.(2005).〃Z〃"油α"〃oﾉ耐cs.London:FaberandFaber. Richardson,R.D.(2006).肋"/α脚〃"7es.･I"//ie腕αe/s"o"'Q/ル"e〃cα〃

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Zigzagged:Rippedtobits,tomtoshreds 103 mo庇r肺"'：α〃ogj鍾叩伽Boston:HoughtonMifflin. Ross,S.(2009).Mb庇ﾉ"応加α"d//7eon/.･"c"伽α/旋加re.London:Routledge. Stiegler,B.,&Ross,D.(2012).U"co""o"α6/esoc/e//esqfdisq"をα〃j〃/v肋ｲα血 Cambridge:Polity. Sweedler,M.(2009).7此或s〃e"76e花Jcommz〃ん.･Bα加此,B/α"c/7oI)Le"/s,q"d ／ﾉ7e花加α伽q〃α"だ.Newark:UniversityofDelawarePress. Thylor,M.C.(1987)."伽"〃.Chicago:UniversityofChicagoPress. Wing,B.,&Hollier,D．(1988).TheCo//egeq/Socio/ogy･(I937-/939ﾉ． Minneapolis:Univ.ofMinnesotaPress. W ZiZek,S.,Crockett,C.,&Davis,C(2011).HEge/&r/ie/砿加e,．ルノjgio",po/"“ α”C加/ec"c.NewYork:ColumbiaUniversityPress. Notes

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thatthe2011TOhokuearthquakeandtsunamihashadandwillhaveadeepand traumaticeffectontheJapanesenation.TheGreatEastJapanEarthquake(東日本大震災)occurredonFridayllMarch2011.Themagnitude9.0earthquakeoff thecoastofJapan,producedpowerfilltsunamiwavesthatreachedheightsofupto 133fimMiyakomTOhoku'slwatePrefecmre.ThequakeandfbUowingtsunami claimed27,0001ivesandtriggeredlevel-7meltdownsatthreereactorsatthe FukushimaDaiichiNuclearPowerPlantcomplex.Tbdate,severeradiationleak problemscontinuetooccur.InaHegelianmanner,onemightsaythatJapanese societyistomtoshredsandcanonlyfinditselfmtheconsciousnessofhsutter dismemberment・Itfindsitselfindiremption[Ze"/sse"ﾙe"]:aschismatthe heartofawounded,dismemberedsociety,reducedtouselesspartsincapableof fbnningawhole.ThereisatearbetweensubjectandoMect:withnorelationor

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104 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley} mediationbetweenthetwo.Theyarebothtomhalvesofanintegral廿eedomto whichtheydonotaddup,asAdornosays.Thediscussionistherefbretimelyasit isarguedthatthereisasenseinwhichpost-FukushimaJapanisasocietyatroot

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communicationsmdentstakingmyWritinglllclassengagedwith,challengedand critiquedaseriousanthropologicalstudyonaperceivedsenseofsocialprecarity inJapan.Theirreactionsandideasgavemuchfbodfbrthoughttonotonlymyself butalsoProfessorAnneAllison,thejoumal'sauthor.Allisonwasverygraciousin respondingtomystudentscriticalquestionsandletters.SeeAllison,A.(January 01,2012).Ordinaryrefilgees:Socialprecarityandsoulin21stcenturyJapan. A"油mpolOg/cα/Q"α"e『〃85,2,345-370.

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havmgwitnessedthedevastationfbllowingtheqUake,affirmed6chaos,cataclysm, change,Ze"/sse"舵〃(brokenness),impulse,andchance'.Confrontedwith whatPeircecallsthe"c/ijs"7ofnature,thatistosaythatabsolutechance orindeterminism,isafimdamentalstructureintheuniverse、Jamesmetthe earthquakewith､awildOlympianjoy',accordingtoRichardson(2006),whoadds: ccTherecanbenorealdoubtthatWilliamJames,inhisheartofhearts,embraced andwelcomedchaos,cataclysm,change,ZE"isse"ﾙe"[tunnoil],impulse,and chance.Hemayhavehadacertainfellowfeelingwiththequakefbrdisorder.''

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theworldisbehindhim.Heisalone.Assuch,itisthisveilofillusionwhichgives theartisthisγα/so〃〃'e"e.Hecontinues:"[I]nsunderingtheveilhegivesus hisart.Butwhenhehastorntheveilitisonlytodiscovernewveils.Thatishis missiontotearasundertheveilsinordertorevealnewveilW

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confiontationwiththechaos.Hewritesofimpersonaljoys,scrambledcodesas akindofstuttering:.6Whenlrefiectthatthetaskwhichtheartistimplicitlysets himselfistooverthrowexistingvalues,tomakeofthechaosabouthimanorder whichishisown,tosowstrifeandfennentsothatbytheemotionalreleasethose whoaredeadmayberestoredtolife,thenitisthatlrunwithjoytothegreat imperfectones,theirconfUsionnourishesme,theirstutteringislikedivinemusic tomyearWDifferentiatingcivilisation廿omculture,Millerwrites(Cowley,1967): G6Iseecivilisationasacrippling,thwartingthingastultifyingthing.Civilisationis thearteriosclerosisofculture.ラツ

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intoasingularstrugglewithchaos.Eachunfilrlsamapoverwhatiswildand treacheroustotraceaterritory.Differentfbnnsofthoughtarecreated廿omchaos asaresult.Inthecaseofphilosophywhatisnecessitatedisexteriority:philosophy needsnonphilosophy.Herephilosophyembracestheprephilosophicalplaneof chaosasimmanent.Itmanufacturesideasontheplaneofimmanencepopulated bymaterialconcepts,whichbytheirnaturehavethecapacitytoproduceinfinite variations.

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introductiontotheFrenchversionofDHLawrence's"po""se.

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Hethrivesonchaos!Notonlytomakelifebearable,buttomakeitmoregrand, nottomakelifemoreliveable,buttomakeitmorepotent,moredeath-dealing: tocommunicatethegreatnamelessterrorwhichisinhissoul,thewild,primitive fearwhichnatureinspiresherselfandwhichgivesthelietothefeebleillusionson whichallcivilisationisnourished.''

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106 _{JoffPeterNonnanBradley}

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