Bivalve fossilsレfrom the type MonobegawaしGroup∇(班χΓtvl)
I Masayuki Tashiro" and∧Takeshi KoZAI 2)
1)Department o∫Geology, Faculりof Scierice,しKochi Uniuersiり
2)Asahi Gakuen, South. San Pedro St., Los Angeles√us.j
Abstract T 犬 コ∧ ..・・..・. .・...・ .・ ・.・.
In this part VI√the:bivalve faunas of the:Lower Cretaceous strataし distributed at the Monobe area of Kochi and adjecent areas mainly in Shikoku, and their bios七ratigraphy are treated concludingly based on the犬paleontological description already pubulished as this series partsニI to V. 犬 十 .・.・.・ ...・. ・.・ .・ ・..・・ ..・・・. The Lower Cretaceous System of the Monobe area is divided into theヶMonobegawa∧卵d Nankai Groups. The bivalve faunas d曲e Nankai Group are characterized by the genera and species of the Tethian-type bivalves. Although the faun飴・ of the Monobegawa Group are co血posed of the Tethian-type bivalve genera, the lower二latitude-type of the genera were rare in the occurrence from the Monobegawa∇Group. The sedimenta! basin of the Monobegawa Group was probably located higer latitude▽than十thtしof the Nankai Group. It seems that a greate movement of a lateral fault貨as undubtedly present betwee:n the
Monobegawa and Nankai basins. \ \ ■■■ ■ ‥‥‥i・・ .. \ 1
●・ ● 一一 l・ ・. ・ ● ●
Kりwards- Lower Cretaceous, Bivales, Monobegawa Group, Nankai Group \
Concluding remarks
of series.″type∧Monobegawa
Group"
Lower
Cretaceous Bivalve Fauna
and its geological setting
The bivalve fossils,」41 species and 70 genera, from
the十Lower Cretaceous System
of
the Monobe〉area in Kochi Prefecture, had been described in this series,Bivalve fossilsレfrom
仙e type Monobegawa
Group, Parts. I-V (1984-1991). 犬 ニ犬 ダ \
In the part 1,the Lower
Cretaceous System
of theコMonobe
area in Shikoku was divided
into the Northern and Southern Belts in the same
Group, so-called the 班四〇begawa
Group
(Tashiro and Kozai, 1984).
However,
the system
of the southern Belt was esterblished as
a distinct Group, newly named the NankaiしGroupにclearly discriminated犬from the
Mononegawa
Group
by
one of us Tashiro
(1985)レjudjingイromしthe\
lithological and
mollusc皿faunal
distinction between two
groups.
The。faunaトdistinction is presented 垣
the listes o卜the discribed・species in this series showingうn・ Text-figs. l and ・2. The
lithological distinction between
the Monobegawa
and Nankai
Groups
had been reported in
detail by Tashiro (1985, 1986, 1993, and 1994). 丿 ◇ 十 犬 j
Cretaceo如上Torinosu二G如up (Jurassic T Sa岫ozanレ(Sambouzan) Terrain, noれ-comfc that the Sanbouzan∧Terrainト(Soutern Chic composedし9卜the Sotoizumiし(Upper Cr尚 NankaトGr卵p)トNankai,……Tori面・su=よ臨:d cQm如面doof∧thqしNaradanトandトSanbouzaむレ五
Upper Jurassic Accretional△Pris血‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥y
……T。he
Monobegawa
G帥up
is generaly
Belt (MiddleしChichibねBelt)レ血d NorthenトChichi uncomformably boundared from theトp坤引re砲巾
十 Thリ土NaれkφGれoup isニbounded二會om∧th[ノ] locatedトbetween]the Sanpouzan andレthe Northeri tectonic complex zone of Kuroseだawa Tectonic I terrains.・ ....・ ・犬上 犬 … ……11
ト ………万………The bivalve faunas∧from・=……1
トThe bivalve species of the Mo叩畑gawa・下口 102.……Theyぱre composed o卜曲eしspecies◇6仁曲
Prefectureト(Tashiro, 1994)、 ∧ …………\………Species∧:……… ・Nucitl・opsis(Palaeoれuむula)ishidoeas=φ Nuculopsis(Palaeonucula) tosaensis 皿(P.) sp△才六 ………十 Portlandia(Portlandiぶ?)sanckuensis MesosaccelJa・むfiosRieれsis…………万…… 肘.insiems① 1………= =……… トCosmetodonmo良心beれsis尚 ∧ >八 入C.十nipponicusレ(?)… ……j.・・・・. ・.レ ……… Naaonauis vofeovcふ陽(μ………:…… J……: Np.m.ndcin toso,ensis‥‥‥‥‥: ‥‥‥‥‥, λだa(Eonauicula)くshinanoensiト\ :A. (E.)∧minima‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥= コjヶノ Barbatia(s.s.)ha%ia7TLuノ 十六………:‥ ・召.(且)feockiensis………万. ・・ ・ ノ ・・ 召.(R)\hibiRarensis\ ……… Gりcymeris\(亙面=dia) m=atsumo如ズ:……… MonobfiaΓCO, cucullo・河船ニし=レ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ .?.L-ycettia・feochie几sisコ・..・・.・.・・ .・・..・. tsT………distributed:on:the φ面面∧G坤面∧lt〉面己組心 ≠叫如紅〉J面面上血ay be 〕:1yトon the 十Group十is :th・ゾMiddleトto 咀☆Tectonic Japanしand =:lateralソfault に1985)レThe ヒ)6七h〉sideward プ心なしcountable 所収〉巨面pure
●
UBivalve fossils from the type Monobegawa Groリp(Part VI) (Tashiro・KOZAl) 57
Brachidontes PAiriforrRis
Modiolus aif. subsimplex
Amygdalum
ishidoense
Pinna,(Pinna)可、rohinaldina
Pterinelia Rhinoharai.
Bakevellia(Neobafeei)e!J.in.)pseudorostlata
GeruiUia forbesiana
Gervぶaria fiaradae
G、fiofeutoi
Isog几oraon cKoshiensis
lnoeramus anボicus
7.(Birostrinn,)suhsiulc.atii.R
Entoliura tosn.ftnsff
Parvamiissium
kimwrai
P、tosaense
Np.ith.p.n,(s.s.)ataua.
N。((s.s.)ficalhoi(?)
N. (s.s.)hanouTRnRiR
CKlamys
hayamii
C. fedujaiii
Mimachlaraンs(Nippononectes)d昭anus
Plicatula feochiensis
P、feiiensis
P、monobensis
Placunopsis(?)fiibiharensis
Limatula nagaoi
Rastellum(Arctosびeα)carinatum
CΓassostreasp・
Pterotバgonia (s.s.)pocilliformis
P.(?Scabrotrieonia)pseudomoriana
Nipponitrieonia safeanxotoensis
N.hikuchiana
Myrteai?)tnonobeana
Astarte (s.s.)subsenecta
左(s.s.)costata(=左(Nicanielln.)costata)
λ.(TrautscKoは伍)tosaensis
Yabea sfiinanoensis
Y.densecre几ulata
Anthon:ya raonobeりsis
EΓφhylaminima(?)
E. cf.minima
E. monoheane
Opis(Trieonopis) sp.
Ptychomya
hayamii
Pach.7tfiaerusfeagaharensis
Leptoso脳几sp.
”Granocardium.” iRhirfopnsfi
”G." breuis
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”G……"koch,i.eTt.sis………>……… ∧Linearia(lredalestai)monobeaaa……ニ ∇Scittila j・apoでuca∧ …………万 ………= Tancredia十(?)・レ印L‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥‥1‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥ ‥Isocyprina fiibiねarens.紬▽ ‥‥‥ ‥‥‥:……… Tosacタprina cr‘enidatμ‥‥‥ ‥‥‥ +1 ト ・Costocy・renarad・latostriataレ犬〉ト .・ ....: .C.・otsij,fefl.i o・tsukai.・ : ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ \C.mino.戸 十 > 犬< で。ohnishii・ コ < ‥ \ ト・. C∧ct. peifeartgensis.・.・.・ ・.・ ト‥ \ fsoflfimeUa skiroicngis ∧ 几 白 Hacyarriina謙aumo皿れi\………:‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ コ亙レmatsiifeaisuai\ ……… ……… H=∠aolida ………… ……11 十 Hレminor尚 : ▽……= 十六 亙・・(?).・tarruirca ………=……..\………ノ. .・.Tetoria sanchuensis‥‥‥‥‥‥\.=‥‥‥:<.ノ十 Goshorcda minor∧\‥‥‥‥‥:………=‥‥‥‥ 八面似パキ……(.Vecto.油・is)japo・nica……… Pseadaphrodih体己lonsata… … …………1 ……… PseudopisiGtium Hibiharensis\………… レP八nflata ……… … …………=…… …… … し ……… Pulsidisレtashiroi……… ニ く……… P,rostratus‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥‥‥‥‥‥‥ ト八十aff.noeatoenstsト\………:‥‥‥‥‥:………\:=……… 尚Caestcorbula["] Parmicorbula)威服amai 十(コレ(??.)monobensis…………つ∧…………\……… C. (s上卜4皿れqua\………j 六 大Paれopea (,Mタopsis)ノnagaoi…………j……… 八八(M.)elongattt………=……=……= =Pねoladomva sp‥‥‥‥レ………<………i … …… Goniomya:ha^amii…………万………十\…… Mタoph-olas aK. carinatus\………j……]……j 二Plectomya aritagaiuana………ダ\ Peripio叫a (,s.L)∧moれobensis……∧………
Textごfig. 1:▽Bivalveユfossilsfrom the
conditional species・=にmainly Ha'vamin.a,ダTetoria√Cost
The Yunoki∧Forma
co姐姐o面1トbivalves,心皿
rice of the………brackish-water 肺∧日如面皿卜Fauna.:ノ TheBivalve fossils from the type Monobegawa Gr㈲p (Part VI) (Tashiho ・fKozAi) 59
species are, how昨er, distinguished from the species of Ryouseki Fauna, except for several species, suchas Tetoria sa?icfttiensis, Crassostreasp.and Pulsidもsしspp.. The Species of Hayamina, costocvrena fromthe Yunoki Fauna are probably related systematically to the
species from the Ryoseki FaunaよThe spescies of Isodと:unera is not found froピ the Yunoki Fauna. ト い し
\ The basal part of the Hibihara Formation is also characterized by the occurrence of the brackish conditional bivalves. The species o!Hcりamina,Costocvrenaand Crassostrea are found. The species of them d汀fer from those from the faunas of the Ryoseki and Yunoki Formations, like as the same case between the Ryoseki and Yunoki Faunas.
犬\
B: Shallow marine conditional bivalves ニ 犬 : 犬 ..
The lower-half parレof the Monobe Formation and theスower part of the Hibihara Formation are ・characterized by the occurrence of manyニspecies犬of bivalves considerable living on the condition ・of the shallow marine sむdiments. About one thirds numbers of
species are identical between the Mondbe and Hibihara Faunas. It is very interesting that the species belonging to the genera,Goshoraia, Gりc;yrrieris, Aatfipn'va andMonobearca, began to appear abundantly in the Hibihara Fauna, considerable to Late Aptian in ageレ
C: Pure marine conditional bivalves ∧ = l. .. ■■ ■■ ■ ■・■ Inoceramusspp。Paruamussium spp・,ΛBafeeuellia(/veobafeeoellia)しspp.↓andNuculids species are usually found from the dark-gray mudstone of the Upper Part of the Hibihara Formation. On the other hand, Entolium. monobensis.トParuamussiurahimuraiandMyrtea monobeanaareknown frφm the upper Part of thむ Monobe Formation, occurring together
with several ammonites and nano二plancton fossils suggestedトthe Upper Albian∧stage (Tashiro et a1. 1980). レ ●・
The bivalve faunas frO昨the Nankai Group ト
The Lower half of the Nankai Group (Birafu-Funadani For血社tions) is alternated with
the Brackish-water or very shallow marine conditional sediments, and the旅心10w to pure
marineむonditional sediments. So-called the Torinosu-limestones are usually inserted at the
lower member of the part. This part is considerablり with Barranginian to Barremian.
Many brackish-water bivalves occurred from this part, 誰re characterized by the species
bりlonging to 仏e genera, Eomiodon, Isodomera,Isocンpliatt, Aguilerella E皿d Crenotrapezium.
The species of月卿amina andTetoria are very rare in the occurrence. The species of
Costoc^lrenais unknown from 塙is part一丁Υhe species of the shallow mariれe or pure marine
conditions are nearly identical as 曲e same species with the species from the Upper Jurassic
to Lowest Cretaceous Torinosu Groupに \ < .・.・・・ .・ ・..・: ト
The upper half part of the Nankai Group (Igenoki-Ikuna Formations) is characterized
by the shallow marine conditional bivalves∧The gelogical ages are the sameトwith the
Species NanoMtms ■yDteoyam.ai *?………<ト Nemo doれ Spし, \ \‥‥‥‥‥‥ ノん4ニ(Eonauicula)<p叫rataニ<…… Cucullaea(s.s.?)レobliquata‥‥‥‥‥ ‥ 紛臨臨dorttes iffenofeiensis………I , Modibl臨丿alcata ∧j…………j。 ・; Piれna(s.sと) of.rohinaldina‥/…… Gp'riiillaria hardddeダレ 十……… Neitkea∧(示か)S:yrtaca amaixoi……… Plica.tii.la]takahashii…… ………= Arn,ph,icionte(s.sナsubftariotoidea・‥ Pterotrigoixia(s.s.) yokoyamai…… アノ.尚・j.りSc・abr.oな Mes・omiltfia iaponica ミ……… χ白ねoGardita amanoi ノ∧……… Astarte (s.s.)〉Rp.mtc.ciRtata\\………= λ……(.が・icaniella)mafeibaensis六十 Å聯=々(liny a igeれofeiensis………j = Pach,"ythaeroussp‥‥ ‥‥‥ 犬…… …… Leptgolen am.abiliり……I プ ………… Protocardia(s.s.)amanoト \ニ p. (Gl・obocardium)=rm.mn『十\……… ノ' Granocardimuトcorpulenも已m‥‥‥ イ.Gブソ?一multinostata‥‥‥‥ ‥‥‥:゛万 士meariaし(Paiaeomoera)∇れdれ'kaiana Scittila dericatostriata \………… Isocyp八几(1・aliquantula.・・ ・.・・・・ L japontca・ ‥‥‥‥‥‥ ‥‥∧ 7.(?)〉isertofeiensis・.・.・・ .・ .・ .=……… Eomiodon sdfeaioaれItsニ …… E,matsiunotoi ……… Crenotrapeziurri feitaねa7れiensis\∧ト Isodomella matsum(元(元………1I ………□ Caestocorbula\(s士)\m.orir………… Paaopeaト(M-yopsis)……aff. plic・叫( ・・ Goniom%ia・aff.h.a'vami∩∧∧レ上\.: ・・ ∧Plectom-yぐ1.concentrica‥‥‥‥‥=・.・・ . =.・. 1
Teμ岨gン2仁Bivalve 紬卵i卜:from the
generaニfr・9m ・地沁一皿rt are identical☆w録h
Warid-wise spりcies√辿dr:・as=Geruillaria, :Doganaro ………万 .・●し the species pレ……=:φりcurred hardly
61
ever from the Monobegawa Group. Cu£vllaea, Scabrotrigonia, Protocardia etc., arek!lown from the Upper half part, and Eomiodoa, Crenotrapezumi,Aeuilerella, Pacfiitlaaai琲d the
Torinosu-type bivalve genera are from 仙e lower halfトpart. / \ ▽ し
Correlation of the Lower Cretaceous strata in Shikoku
The correlation of The Lower Cretaceous strata distributed sporadically at various areas in the Chichibu Terrain of the Outer Tectonical Zone of Southwest Japan in Shikoku, is achived on Teχt-figs.3 and 4. ニ .・・ ・.・. ・. ・・ ・・.・・.・
EHIME
rUSUHARASAKAWA
MONOBE
HANOURA
− _ 』 − 1 ト ー a 。 曙 - ` 掌 ミ − − l g ㎝ 1 ト ー - 心 Z
註山川ト
TAKASHIMA
F.
_LLし│Jjユ1 TANONO F, -ヅー」且 − Q ヨ回, 加一心9 − ㎝ ・- T 加一一 − 〃=皿皿 KUROSAKI F._LI」」」1ユ1
HIBIHARAF.
。iLLLl」」」_ FUJIKAWA F.NIGYU F.
HOJI F.OHTAOO F. YUNOKI F, HANOURA F.
MONOBE
F.
KA剛NOGOU F.RYOSEKI
F.
TATSUKAWA F.皿
|T
口
Text-fig. a: Corralation =of the Monobegawa Group in the Monobegawa area with the Lower 十 Cretaceous strata located at various areas on the Kurosegaw:a Tectonic Belt and
the Chichibu Terrain in Shikoku. 犬 ‥ ‥‥‥ :・ 1 ... ■■■■ ■
TheLower
Cretaceous shallow marine conditional bivalve fauna, su:chaりthe Doganaro
Formation
of the Shimanto Terrainレdistributed
at〉the southern area of Sambouzan
Terrain, is undoubtedly
correlated with the Nankai
Group, judging from
the composition of
nearly the same
bivalve fauna (see Text-fig. 2).十 :
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YAMANOKAMI
F
TORINOSU・..6レ
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‥‥‥‥SO几・neschein・and∇Co二しLondon (1889)………
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ーニー---〉TheトNeomiodりntidae√aトnew family of
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…………Astartidae√Cyp:rinid臨レIsocardiidaeレJour
--→--し:Superfamily ・Carditacea.………j.π・Treaties・.・.万ぐ
一 一 一 一 一 一
Superfam・11y ・Crassatellacea. Ib.旧.、1.
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Ku血amoto Jour
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二面bgenus 十工卵√pis.
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part 1, 15, (2), 221-349, pisレ27-52; Part 2,17, (2), 73-150, pis……7-21; Part 3,17,(3), 15 1-249, pis. 22-26 (1965-66) ▽六大 : ト ニ ト∧
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Ibid.,(120), 419-448, pis. 51-53 (1981) 十 ‥上 ニ: ト\
Hatai√K., Kotaka, T. and Noda, H.:Some marine Mollusoaスfrom Schimanokoshi harber in Tanohata-cho, Shimohei-gun, Iwate Prefecture↓northeast Honshu, JapanニSaito Hn一O几私心 Mus.Res. BuJL, (38), 29-36√pi. 1 (1951)ニ ・・・・.・. .・ ・・・. ・..・
Hirata, M.:Mesozoic fossils in Kochi Prefむcture. for 1974,Hirata' sIastittttりofGeoL, Kochi, 68 p., 16 pis. (1975) / \\ し ‥‥‥ ‥ ‥‥
Ichikawa,……K.:and Maeda, Y.トL叫e Cretacec ……Cucullaeidae (Pleurogrctmrれatoton.レ・卵yl。\j PloAitech,.=Osafeii\CiりUfiiu・.ソノ[G], (3), 61う74:pis PronodontidaトDySφdontid亀工Desmodontid在∧如ルノ ア(1958)犬 \ \ ‥‥‥‥>)∧ ∧〕万万=:jにf=, Iwasaki,……Y土Pseudamiantis∧a∧pelecypod genus.……万一:j: コ(51),し9!ニー101, p:1・s・.・.J1・4う5イ1963)………\十∧……I,j
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\ ReS・。……Rゆ。Kocfti U孔如。〕,(27), 143ヶ150, pis
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Keen, AンM.: Superfami!y Cardiaoea.in Trea
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一 一 一 一 一 一 The pelecypod family Cardiidae:/A
い(1)ソ40 p.〉(1980)…………j……万.:.・. ・ Kobayashi√T.: Studies on the、Jura飴io ……Geol、Geoer.、25、(1-2) 61-80 (1954) -フープ:1Nippomtrigo・maand・召財丿副g四畑in J 十(26)√51ニ61, pis√10サ11 (1957)十 ……
・y£jりノ・y・`j・ ・`j・・j F・.゛..・り=゛゛・ x゛゛・yl/..ト E・.・・・::‥‥‥‥ 一寸7,∧and Nakano√皿:On〉the丿恥れ):tr毎昨iinae.………:::i
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一大太一-,and 一一一一一二:The Lower二and:Middle
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一一一一-aねd Suzuki・, K.:The brackish Wealden しJapan………Ibid.・,(3二4)レ,レバ213-224√pis√13十且〉
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Kりz直レT士Early Cretaceo・XIS∧Pul≠its (Bivalvia)トjy=j・ fro・血J・.:・=.
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一二←:Cretacepis士Caestocorbula(坦valvia) Maeda,〉SエOn two spe雨s of Polymesり面
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プー― and Kitamura, T.:Lower Cretaceous Japan∧Jour.レ(フoUL≒Arts aれdSci……Chiba
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犬227 pト,レ42p阪大voト?:(1904-1913)し4路し]√62 pisフ:,│=1戸
--→-:The Cretaceous fauna of Pondoland.ソAnr
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