認知的過程に着目したステップ反応動作の分析
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(2) 828. 理学療法学 第 42 巻第 8 号. 図1. 可能であることが示唆された。このような視点での評価は,認 知機能低下を有する高齢者の転倒予防に向けた介入にも応用で きる可能性が考えられる。今後は縦断研究により,転倒発生に 対する予測妥当性を検証するとともに,転倒高齢者の姿勢調節 の特徴に基づいたトレーニングプログラムを開発していく必要 がある。. 文 献 1) Pijnappels M, Delbaere K. et al.: The association between choice stepping reaction time and falls in older adults ̶ a path analysis model. Age Ageing. 2010; 39(1): 99‒104. 2) Melzer I, Kurz I. et al.: Application of the voluntary step execution test to identify elderly fallers. Age Ageing. 2007; 36(5): 532‒537. 3) Uemura K, Yamada M. et al.: Older adults at high risk of falling need more time for anticipatory postural adjustment in the precrossing phase of obstacle negotiation. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011; 66(8): 904‒909.. 4) Montero-Odasso M, Verghese J. et al.: Gait and cognition: a complementary approach to understanding brain function and the risk of falling. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012; 60(11): 2127‒2136. 5) Cohen RG, Nutt JG. et al.: Errors in postural preparation lead to increased choice reaction times for step initiation in older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011; 66(6): 705‒713. 6) Herman T, Mirelman A. et al.: Executive control deficits as a prodrome to falls in healthy older adults: a prospective study linking thinking, walking, and falling. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010; 65(10): 1086‒1092. 7) H e d g e A , M a r s h N W : T h e e f f e c t o f i r r e l e v a n t s p a t i a l correspondences on two-choice response-time. Acta Psychol (Amst). 1975; 39(6): 427‒439. 8) Uemura K, Oya T. et al.: Effects of visual interference on initial motor program errors and execution times in the choice step reaction. Gait Posture. 2013; 38(1): 68‒72. 9) Uemura K, Hasegawa T. et al.: Analysis of Choice Stepping with Visual Interference Can Detect Prolonged Postural Preparation in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment at High Risk of Falling. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2015; 40(1‒2): 13‒21..
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