Study on Pre-treatment of Bamboo Fibers and Kneading Conditions in Process of Bamboo Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene by Twin Screw Extrusion
Hyojin K
IM*, Hidenori K
UBOTA**, Kazuya O
KUBO*** and Toru F
UJII***
(Received May 9, 2009)
Bamboo fiber reinforced polypropylene (BFRPP) pellets is manufactured by twin screw extruder with different screw segment, where the ingredient feed method is major concern in investigating the effect of pre-treatment of bamboo fibers and assembly condition of twin screw extruder on mechanical properties of BFRPP. In the present study, three different types of segments and two different types of ingredient feed method are selected. The used specimen of tensile test is molded by injection molding machine, using manufactured pellets. Tensile strength of specimens and residual fiber aspect ratio of pellets are found to be increased with kneads ability of segments (Full flight <Rotor<Kneading). In contrast, residual fiber length of pellets using specimen is decreased at high tensile strength and residual fiber aspect ratio. The diameter of fiber bundle is decreased, when the fiber is compressed in clearance between segment and barrel.
-G[YQTFU㧦bamboo fiber, pre-treatment, assembly condition, mechanical properties
ࠠࡢ࠼㧦┻❫⛽ޔ೨ಣℂޔㅧ☸᧦ઙޔᯏ᪾⊛․ᕈ
┻❫⛽ᒝൻࡐࡊࡠࡇࡦߩᯏ᪾⊛․ᕈߦ߷ߔㅧ☸᧦ઙ߅ࠃ߮
┻❫⛽ߩ೨ಣℂߩᓇ㗀
㊄ቁ㎾*ޔਭ↰ ⑲ౖ**ޔᄢ┄ ***ޔ⮮ ㅘ***
ߪߓߦ
PP ଔᩰߩ㜞㛛߅ࠃ߮ㄭᐕߩⅣႺ߳ߩ㑐ᔃߩ㜞߹
ࠅ߆ࠄ㧘BFRPP㧔┻❫⛽ᒝൻࡐࡊࡠࡇࡦ㧕
ᚑᒻຠ߳㑐ᔃ߇㓸߹ߞߡࠆ㧚ߎߩ PP 㧔ࡐࡊࡠࡇ
ࡦ㧕ߩᒝൻ᧚ߣߒߡ↪ߐࠇࠆ┻❫⛽ߪࠟࠬ❫
⛽ߣ⇣ߥࠅᑄ᫈ᤨߦළ᧪ࠆ߶߆㧘ࠟࠬ❫⛽ߣ Ყߴߡ┻❫⛽╬ߩ࡞ࡠࠬ♽❫⛽ߩ୯Ბߪଔ㧘
シ㊂߆ߟᲧᒝᐲߩ㜞ౣ↢น⢻ߥ⾗Ḯߢࠆߎߣ߇
ὐߣߒߡߍࠄࠇࠆ
(1-4)㧚৻ᣇ㧘Ꮢ⽼ߐࠇߡ
ࠆ BFRPP ࡍ࠶࠻߆ࠄᚑᒻߒߚᚑᒻຠߩᯏ᪾
⊛․ᕈߪ╩⠪ߩ⍮ࠆ㒢ࠅᒁᒛࠅᒝߐ 20㨪30 MPa ߣ ߆ߥࠅૐ㧚ߦᯏ᪾⊛․ᕈࠍ❫⛽₸ 10 㨣㨠㧑 ߩࠟࠬ❫⛽ᒝൻ PP ਗߦะߔࠆߎߣ߇᧪ࠇ߫㧘
᭴ㅧㇱຠ᧚ᢱߦㆡᔕ▸࿐߇ᐢ߇ࠆ
㧔5㧕㧚❫⛽ⶄว᧚ᢱ ߩ႐ว㧘ᯏ᪾⊛․ᕈߦߪ㈩ะ
(6)㧘❫⛽㐳
(7)㧘ࠕࠬࡍࠢ
*Research and Development Center for Composite Materials, Doshisha University, Kyoto Tel&Fax:075-65-6784, E-mail:hkim@mail.doshisha.ac.jp
**Former graduate student of Doshisha University
***Department of Mechanical Engineering and System, Doshisha University, Kyoto E-mail:kokubo@mail.doshisha.ac.jp, tfujii@mail.doshisha.ac.jp
࠻Ყ
(8-10)㧘⇇㕙ᒝᐲ
(11-12)㧘❫⛽ಽᢔᕈ
(13)㧘᳓ಽ
₸
㧔14㧕╬᭽ޘߥ࿃ሶ߇㑐ଥߒߡ߅ࠅ㧘․ߦࠟࠬ❫
⛽ᒝൻ PP ߩ႐ว㧘ࡍ࠶࠻ㅧ☸ᤨߦᷙ✵ߖߕߦㅧ
☸ߔࠆߢᱷሽ❫⛽㐳㧘ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߇ᡷༀߐࠇᯏ
᪾⊛․ᕈ߇ะߔࠆߎߣ߇⍮ࠄࠇߡࠆ
㧔15㧕㧚หߓ ᄤὼ❫⛽ࠍ↪ߚⶄว᧚ᢱߢࠆ㤗❫⛽ᒝൻ PP ߦ ߟߡߪੑゲᯏਥゲ࿁ォᢙࠍߍࠆߦߟࠇᱷሽ
❫⛽ߩࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߇ะߔࠆߣ߁ႎ๔
(16)߇߽
ࠆ㧘ࡍ࠶࠻ਛߩᱷሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყࠍะߐ ߖࠆὑߦߤߩࠃ߁ߥࠬࠢࡘࠣࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ↪ㅧ
☸ߔࠇ߫ࠃߩ߆㧘߹ߚߤߩࠃ߁ߥ᧚ᢱ❫⛽ࠍ↪
ࠇ߫ࠃߩ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߒߚ⺰ᢥߪ╩⠪ߩ⍮ࠆ㒢ࠅߥ㧚 ߘߎߢᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪ㧘 BFRPP ᚑᒻຠߩᯏ᪾⊛
․ᕈะࠍ⋡⊛ߦ BFRPP ࡍ࠶࠻ߩㅧ☸᧦ઙ,❫⛽
ߩ೨ಣℂ᧦ઙߦᵈ⋡ߒ㧘ੑゲᯏౝߦ߅ߌࠆᒝൻ
❫⛽ߩࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყߩะࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓߩ⸃߅ࠃ߮㧘
┻❫⛽ᒝൻ PP ߦㆡߔࠆㅧ☸ᴺߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚 ⹜㛎ᣇᴺ
Უ᧚ߣᒝൻ᧚
ࠪࡦࡢᩣᑼળ␠ PP ਇ❱Ꮣ 6640-10 ࠍ↪ߒߚ㧚 ߅ࠃ߮ࠪࡦࡢᩣᑼળ␠ PP ਇ❱Ꮣ 6640-10 ࠍੑゲ
ᯏࠍ↪ߡࡍ࠶࠻ൻߒߚ PP ࡍ࠶࠻ࠍ↪ߚ㧚
↢┻߆ࠄᣣᧄᛛⴚ㐿⊒ࡈࠔࠗࡃࠗࠩࠍ↪
ߡขࠅߒߚ┻❫⛽ࠍ↪ߚ㧚ታ㛎ߦ↪ߒߚᧂ ಣℂ┻❫⛽ࠍ Fig. 1 ߦ␜ߔ㧚
ᚻ㗅ߩ⇛ࠍ Fig. 2 ߦ␜ߔ㧚ࠕ࡞ࠞᵞᵺಣ ℂߒߚ┻❫⛽ࡄ࡞ࡊ (WALP) ߩߦߪ㧘 25 㨙㨙
ෘߐ 2 㨙㨙⒟ᐲߩࠬࠗࠬߦടᎿߒߚቃቬ┻ࠍ 70͠ߩ 6 wt㧑 NaOH ṁᶧߦ 10 ᤨ㑆ᶐẃߒߚ㧚 NaOH ṁᶧߦᶐẃߒߚᓟ㧘❫⛽ߦઃ⌕ߒߚ NaOH ࠍቢోߦ 㒰ߔࠆὑߦ┻ࠬࠗࠬࠍ᳓᳓ߦᶐߒ㧘ᶐߒߚ᳓
ߩ PH ߇ 7 એਅߦߥࠆ߹ߢ 3 ᣣᲤߦ᳓ࠍ឵ߒߚ㧚
ࠬࠗࠬߒߚ┻ ࠍࡊࠬ߈ࠍ↪ߡኒߒߚᓟ㧘
᳓ಽ₸ 10 㧑⒟ᐲ߹ߢੇ῎ߐߖ㧘ߘߎ߆ࠄࡇࡦࠞ
࠼ᯏࠍ↪ߡ┻❫⛽᧤ࠍขࠅߒߚ㧚ขࠅߒߚ
❫⛽ࠍࡒࠠࠨߦ᳓ߣߦᛩߒ┻❫⛽ࡄ࡞ࡊࠍ
ߒߚ㧚
Fig. 1. Photograph of none treated fiber (NTF).
Fig. 2. Process of WALP.
(a) ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼ (b) side feed ᣇᑼ
Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of manufacturing BFRPP pellets.
ࡍ࠶࠻ߩㅧ☸߅ࠃ߮⹜㛎 ᚑᒻ
Fig. 3 ߦㅧ☸ᚻᴺߩᮨᑼ࿑ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ੑㅢࠅߩ᧚ᢱ
ᛩᴺࠍ⹜ߺߚ㧚৻ߟߪ┻❫⛽ߣ MAPP ߣࠍᚲቯߩ
₸ߢਇ❱Ꮣߦ൮ࠎߛࠬ࠻࠶ࡊࠍ೨߽ߞߡ
ߒ㧘ੑゲᯏࠬࠢࡘ㧙ࡃ࡞㑆ߩࠢࠕࡦ
ࠬߦߒߚࠬ࠻࠶ࡊࠍ߆ߺㄟ߹ߖߥ߇ࠄᯏ
ౝߦᛩߔࠆᣇᴺࠍ⹜ߺߚ㧔ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼ㧕㧚߹ߚ㧘
ᯏࡃ࡞ౝߢߩ┻❫⛽ߩ᛬៊ࠍ㒐ᱛߔࠆὑ㧘ੑゲ
ᯏߩᵹ߆ࠄ MAPP ߇ 5 㨣t㧑ᷙߐࠇߚࡍ
࠶࠻ࠍᛩߒ㧘หᤨߦᯏਛᵹ߆ࠄࠨࠗ࠼ࡈࠖ
࠳ࠍ↪ߡ┻❫⛽ࠍᛩߔࠆᚻᴺ㧔side feed ᣇᑼ㧕
߽⹜ߺߚ㧚
Fig. 4 ߦㅧ☸ߦ↪ߚ kneading ࠣࡔࡦ࠻㧔⋥ᓘ 㧩 31.58 mm 㧘ࡃ࡞ - ࠣࡔࡦ࠻㑆㧩 0.21 㨙㨙㧕㧘
rotor ࠣࡔࡦ࠻㧔ࡃ࡞-ࠣࡔࡦ࠻㑆㧩1.4 㨙㨙㧕 㧘
full flight ࠣࡔࡦ࠻㧔⋥ᓘ㧩 31.58 mm 㧘ࡃ࡞ - ࠣ
ࡔࡦ࠻㑆㧩0.21 㨙㨙㧕ࠍ␜ߔ㧚ߎࠇࠄߩࠣࡔࡦ࠻
ߣᧂಣℂ┻❫⛽㧔 NTF 㧕ߣࠍ↪ߡ㧘ࠣࡔࡦ࠻ᒻ
⁁߇ㅧ☸ᓟߩࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყߦ߷ߔᓇ㗀ࠍ⏕ߒߚ㧚
Table 1 ߦᧄታ㛎ߢㅧ☸ߐࠇߚࡍ࠶࠻ߩㅧ☸᧦ઙ
ࠍ⸥ߔ㧚
┻❫⛽㧘ࡐࡊࡠࡇࡦߣ MAPP 㧔ਃᵗൻᚑᎿ
ᬺ㧦࡙ࡔ࠶ࠢࠬ 1101㧕ߣࠍ 50㧦47.5㧦2.5 ߩഀว ߢᷙวߐߖߚᚑᒻ↪ BFRPP ࡍ࠶࠻ࠍ , ੑゲ
ᯏ㧔ᚭ㍑, HYPER-KTX 30㧘ࡃ࡞ౝᓘ 32.00 㨙㨙㧕ࠍ↪ߡㅧߒߚ㧚
᧲ᵗᯏ᪾ᚑᒻᯏ ET40V ࠍ↪ߡ࠳ࡦࡌ࡞
ဳᒁᒛ⹜㛎 ࠍߒߚ㧚ᚑᒻ᧦ઙࠍ Table 2 ߦ␜ߔ㧚
⹜㛎 ᒻ⁁ߪ JIS7113A ߦᓥߞߚ㧚 ┻❫⛽᧤ߖࠎᢿ߅ࠃ߮ᒁᒛ․ᕈ
ᧂಣℂ┻❫⛽㧔NTF㧕ࠍ↪❫⛽᧤ߖࠎᢿಽഀ⹜
㛎ࠍ⹜ߺߚ㧚ᧄ⹜㛎ߩኻ⽎ߢࠆ┻❫⛽ߩ❫⛽ߪ⋥
ᓘ⚂ 100 ঙߩ❫⛽⁁ߢࠆߩߢ㧘᳢↪ⵝ⟎ߦߡ┻❫
⛽᧤ࠍߖࠎᢿಽഀߐߖࠆߎߣߪ࿎㔍ߢࠆ㧚ߘߎߢ
┻ ❫ ⛽ ᧤ 1 ᧄ ࠍ ା ൻ ቇ ࠪ ࠦ ࡦ ࠝ ࠗ ࡞
(KF96H100) ਛߦᛩߒ㧘ࠪࠦࡦࠝࠗ࡞ߦߖࠎᢿᄌ
ᒻࠍਈ߃ࠆߎߣߢ┻❫⛽᧤ࠍಽ㔌ߒߚ㧚Fig. 5 ߦ␜
ߔᄢဳ࿁ォᑼ☼ᐲ⸘㧔ᄖ╴ᓘ 32.02 㨙㨙㧕ࠍ⥄ߒ ߚ㧚Fig. 6 ߦౝ╴ߩᒻ⁁ࠍ␜ߔ㧚߹ߚ Table 3 ߦ❫⛽
Table 1. Manufacturing parameters for BFRPP pellets.
Fiber-Type Feed-Type Screw Rev.
(r.p.m)
Kneading NTF twist 100rpm
Rotor NTF twist 100rpm
Fullflight NTF twist 100rpm Kneading NTF sidefeed 100rpm Rotor NTF sidefeed 100rpm Fullflight NTF sidefeed 100rpm Kneading NTF sidefeed 300rpm
WALP
( Fullflight) WALP sidefeed 100rpm
Table 3. Test condition of shear test.
Diameter (mm)
Shear rate (1/s)
Shear stress (MPa)
Rev.
(rpm) Time (sec)
Type-A 31.52 4000 0.16 600 60
Type-B 31.52 4000 0.16 600 60
Type-B 31.78 8400 0.21 600 60
Type-B 31.96 25000 0.22 600 60 Fig. 4. Photograph of segment.
Table 2. Injection parameters for BFRPP specimen.
Injection Speed
Injection Pressure
Holding Pressure
Back Pressure
Screw Rev.
Barrel Temp.
50mm/sec 80MPa 55MPa 10MPa 45rpm 180
ଇߦട߃ࠄࠇࠆߖࠎᢿㅦᐲ㧘ߖࠎᢿᔕജ㧘ౝ╴࿁ォᢙ ߅ࠃ߮⽶⩄ᤨ㑆ࠍ␜ߔ㧚⹜㛎ߦߪᒻ⁁ߣࡃ࡞ࠣ
ࡔࡦ࠻㑆ࠢࠕࡦࠬߩ⇣ߥࠆ 4 ⒳㘃ߩ࿁ォሶࠍ↪
ߚ㧚
ᧄታ㛎᧦ઙߦ߅ߡੑゲᯏౝߦ⊒↢ߔࠆߖ ࠎᢿㅦᐲᚑಽࠍᵹ⸃ᨆ࠰ࡈ࠻ poly flow 㧔ࠕࡦࠪ
ࠬࠫࡖࡄࡦᩣᑼળ␠㧕ࠍ↪ߡⓍ߽ߞߚ㧚⸃ᨆߢ ߪߖࠎᢿ⊒ᾲࠍ⠨ᘦߖߕ㧘ቢోలḩ㧘߆ߟࠣࡔࡦ
࠻ోၞߦࠊߚࠅ╬᷷ߣቯߒߚ㧚
ᧄታ㛎ߢㅧ☸ߒߚ BFRPP ࡍ࠶࠻ౝᱷሽ❫⛽ߩ ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყࠍ᷹ቯߒߚ㧘ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყߩ᷹ቯߦᒰ ߚࠅ㧘ㅧ☸ߒߚࡍ࠶࠻ࠍ 140 ߩࠠࠪࡦਛߢㆶᵹ
ߐߖ BFRPP ࡍ࠶࠻ࠍ┻❫⛽ߣ PP ߣߦಽ㔌ߒߚ㧚
ಽ㔌ߒߚ┻❫⛽ߩ❫⛽㐳߅ࠃ߮❫⛽ᓘࠍ᷹ቯߒࠕࠬ
ࡍࠢ࠻Ყࠍ▚ߒߚ㧚᷹ቯࠨࡦࡊ࡞ᢙࠍ 600 ߣߒߚ㧚
⹜㛎ߦߪ AUTOGRAPH ਁ⢻⹜㛎ᯏ㧔ፉᵤ
ᚲ㧕ࠍ↪ߚ㧚⹜㛎ㅦᐲࠍ 2 mm/min ߣߒߚ㧚 ⚿ᨐ
ੑゲᯏౝᵹ⸃ᨆ⚿ᨐ
ᵹ⸃ᨆ࠰ࡈ࠻ poly flow ࠍ↪Ⓧ߽ߞߚ
kneading ࠣࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ↪ߚ႐ว㧔 100 㨞㨜㨙㧕ߩ
ࠣࡔࡦ࠻ోၞߩߖࠎᢿㅦᐲಽᏓࠍ Fig. 㧣ߦ␜ߔ㧚
Fig. 㧣ࠃࠅੑゲᯏౝߢ┻❫⛽ߦ⽶⩄ߐࠇࠆਥߚ ࠆߖࠎᢿᔕജߪ࠺ࠖࠬࠢࠡࡖ࠶ࡊㇱߢᦨᄢߢࠅ
0.13 MPa ⒟ᐲߢࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ㧚
┻❫⛽᧤ߖࠎᢿ⹜㛎⚿ᨐ
ടᎿ೨ߩ┻❫⛽᧤ߩ⁁ᘒߣ㧘 d=31.52mm 㧘 type A ߩ࿁ォゲࠍ↪ߚ႐วߩ┻❫⛽᧤ߩߖࠎᢿಽᢔᓟߩ
❫⛽᧤ߩ⁁ᘒߣࠍ Fig. 㧤ߦ␜ߔ㧚ࡍ࠶࠻ㅧ☸ਛߦ
⽶⩄ߔࠆߖࠎᢿᔕജએߩߖࠎᢿࠍ⽶⩄ߒߡ߽❫⛽
(Type A) (Type B)
Fig. 5. Rotational rheometer. Fig. 6. Rotational axis.
Fig. 7. Shear rate of internal twin-screw extruder in using kneading segment.
Fig. 8. State of untreated and treated bamboo fiber
bundle by shear.
᧤ ߪ න ❫ ⛽ ߦ ಽ ഀ ߒ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ 㧚 Fig. 㧥 ߦ ౝ ╴ ᓘ d=31.94㨪31.50 mm ߩ type B ࿁ォሶࠍ↪ߚ႐วߩ
⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔ㧚┻❫⛽߇ࡃ࡞ - ࿁ォሶ㑆ࠢࠕࡦࠬ
ࠍㅢㆊߔࠆߎߣߢ❫⛽߇⚦ಽൻߔࠆߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ㧚 ಽᢔߐࠇߚ❫⛽ߩ❫⛽ᓘߪࠢࠕࡦࠬߦଐሽߒߡ
ߚ㧚
ㅧ☸᧦ઙ߇ᱷሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყߦਈ߃ࠆᓇ 㗀
ᧂಣℂ┻❫⛽㧔 NTF 㧕ࠍ↪ߡㅧ☸ߒߚࡍ࠶࠻
ߩᐔဋᱷሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყߔࠣࡈࠍ Fig. 10
ߦ␜ߔ㧚 Side feed ᴺᑼ㧘ࡠ࡞ᴺᑼߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ㧘ㅧ
☸ߦᷙ㍰⢻ജߩ㜞ࠣࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ↪ߔࠆߦߟࠇㅧ
☸ߒߚࡍ࠶࠻ߩᱷሽࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߇ะߔࠆะ ࠍ␜ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘side feed ᣇߣᲧߴ㧘ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼࠍ
↪ߡㅧ☸ߐࠇߚࡍ࠶࠻ߩࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߇㜞
߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ㧚
ᱷሽ❫⛽㐳ߦ߷ߔㅧ☸᧦ઙߩᓇ㗀
ᧂಣℂߩ┻❫⛽㧔 NTF 㧕ࠍ↪ߡㅧ☸ߒߚࡍ࠶
࠻ߩᱷሽ❫⛽㐳ߩࠣࡔࡦ࠻᧦ઙߦࠃࠆ㆑ࠍ Fig.
11 ߦ␜ߔ㧚ᷙ㍰⢻ജߩૐゲ᭴ᚑࠍ↪ㅧ☸ߔࠆߦ ߟࠇߡ㧘ࡍ࠶࠻ߩ❫⛽㐳߇ᡷༀߔࠆߣ߁ะࠍ
␜ߒߚ㧚߹ߚ㧘side feed ᣇߣᲧߴ㧘ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼࠍ↪
ߡㅧ☸ߐࠇߚࡍ࠶࠻ߩᱷሽ❫⛽㐳߇⍴߇ࠊ ߆ߞߚ㧚
ᱷሽ❫⛽㐳ߦ߷ߔㅧ☸᧦ઙߩᓇ㗀
ࠕ࡞ࠞᵞᵺಣℂࠍߒߚ┻❫⛽ࡄ࡞ࡊࠍ↪ߒ full flight ࠣࡔࡦ࠻㧘߅ࠃ߮ side feed ᴺߦࠃࠅㅧ☸
ߒߚࡍ࠶࠻ߩᐔဋᱷሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყߣ㧘ᧂಣ ℂ┻❫⛽ࠍ↪ߒ kneading ࠣࡔࡦ࠻㧘ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼ ࠍ↪ߡㅧ☸ߒߚࡍ࠶࠻ߩᐔဋᱷሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ
࠻Ყߩ㆑ࠍ Fig. 12 ߦ␜ߔ㧚ࠣࡔࡦ࠻࠲ࠗࡊ߅ࠃ
߮ᛩᴺߩ㆑ߦࠃࠅᱷሽ❫⛽㐳ߪᄢ߈ߊᄌൻߒ㧘 full flight ࠣࡔࡦ࠻ࠍ↪ߒ side feed ᣇᴺࠍⴕ߁ߣ ᦨ߽㐳ᱷሽ❫⛽㐳ࠍᓧࠄࠇߚ㧚
⠨ኤ
Fig. 9. States of bamboo fiber bundle sheared by type B axial.
Fig. 10. Residual NTF fiber aspect ratio of BFRPP pellets manufactured by different segment and feed method.
Fig. 11. Residual NTF fiber length in BFRPP pellets
manufactured by different segment and feed
method.
$(422 ᱷሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყߩะࡔࠞ࠾࠭
ࡓ
Fig. 13 ߦ㧘ㅧ☸ਛߩᷙ㍰ߦࠃࠅᱷሽ❫⛽ߩࠕࠬ
ࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߇ะߔࠆࡔࠞ࠾࠭ࡓࠍᮨᑼ⊛ߦ␜ߔ㧚 3.1
▵߅ࠃ߮ 3.2 ▵ߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄ㧘┻❫⛽߇❫⛽᧤⁁ߩᒻ
⁁ ࠍ ⛽ᜬ ߒߚ ߹ ߹ᛩ ߐ ࠇ ࠆߩ ߢ㧘 ᒝ ᷙ ㍰ࠍ
BFRPP ߦ⽶⩄ߔࠆߎߣߢ࿑ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ┻❫⛽߇
ࠣࡔࡦ࠻-ࡃ࡞㑆ࠢࠕࡦࠬ㧘ᚗߪ❫⛽ห჻
ߢ߹ࠇࠆ㗫ᐲ߇Ⴧടߒ㧘ߘߩ⚿ᨐ㧘❫⛽߇⚦ಽൻ ߒࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߅ࠃ߮ᒁᒛࠅᒝߐ߇ᡷༀߐࠇߚ ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ㧚߹ߚ᧚ᢱᛩᴺߩੑ⒳㘃ߩ㆑ߦࠃߞ ߡ߽㧔side feed ᣇᴺ㧘ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼ㧕㧘ᱷሽ❫⛽㐳㧘ᱷ ሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߅ࠃ߮ᒁᒛࠅᒝߐߩ㆑߇ߺࠄ ࠇߚ㧚ࠨࠗ࠼ࡈࠖ࠳ࠍ↪ߔࠆ᧚ᢱᛩᣇᑼߢߪ
ߔߢߦᲣ᧚᮸⢽߇ቢోṁⲢߒߡࠆ⁁ᘒߢ❫⛽߇
ߒㄟ߹ࠇࠆߩߦኻߒߡ㧘ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼߢߪ┻̆PP ਇ❱
Ꮣߩਛ
㑆ㅧ‛߇ߒᯏߦᛩߐࠇࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘࿕
᮸⢽ߣ┻❫⛽ߣߩធ⸅㗫ᐲ߇ࠨࠗ࠼ࡈࠖ࠼ᣇᑼߣ ᲧߴჇടߒ㧘┻❫⛽᧤߇⎈ߌ⚦ಽൻߐࠇ߿ߔߊ㧘ࠕ
ࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ߇ᡷༀߐࠇߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ㧚 ⚿⸒
ᧄ⎇ⓥߢ BFRPP ᚑᒻຠߩᯏ᪾⊛․ᕈࠍะ
ߐߖࠆߚਥߦ BFRPP ࡍ࠶࠻ߩㅧ☸᧦ઙߩᬌ⸛
ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚ੑ⒳㘃ߩ᧚ᢱᛩᴺ߅ࠃ߮㧘ਃ⒳㘃ߩࠬ
ࠢࡘࠣࡔࡦ࠻㧘߅ࠃ߮↪᧚ᢱߩ೨ಣℂߩᬌ
⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ㧚એਅߦ⚿⸒ࠍ␜ߔ㧚
1. ࠨࠗ࠼ࡈࠖ࠳ࠍ↪ߡㅧ☸ᤨߩ❫⛽᛬៊
ࠍᛥߔࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ㧘┻❫⛽ᒝൻࡐࡊࡠࡇ
ࡦᚑᒻຠߩᱷሽ❫⛽㐳ࠍᡷༀߔࠆߎߣ߇
᧪ߚ㧚
2. ┻❫⛽᧤ࠍᒝൻ᧚ߣߒߡ↪ࠆ႐ว㧘ᒝൻߣ᮸
⢽ߣࠍ੍ᷙ㍰ߒߚᓟ㧘ߒᯏߦᛩߔࠆࡠ
࡞ᣇᑼߪࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყ㧘ᒁᒛࠅᒝߐߩᡷༀߦ
ലߢࠆ߇㧘ᱷሽ❫⛽㐳ߪૐਅߒߚ㧚 3. ❫⛽᛬៊㧘❫⛽ߩ⚦ಽൻߪ❫⛽ห჻㧘࿕᮸⢽
ߣធ⸅ߒ 2 ゲᯏౝߢᷙߗࠄࠇࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅ
ߒẩߐࠇࠆߎߣߢ߅߈ߚ㧚ࡠ࡞ᣇᑼߢߪ┻
̆PP ਇ❱Ꮣߩਛ㑆ㅧ‛߇ߒᯏߦᛩߐ ࠇࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ㧘࿕᮸⢽ߣ┻❫⛽ߣߩធ⸅㗫ᐲ ߇ࠨࠗ࠼ࡈࠖ࠼ᣇᑼߣᲧߴჇടߒ㧘┻❫⛽᧤
߇⎈ߌ⚦ಽൻߐࠇ߿ߔߊ㧘ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყࠍᡷༀ ߢ߈ߚ㧚
4. ㅧ☸೨ߦ┻❫⛽ࠍࡄ࡞ࡊൻ㧔⚦ಽൻ㧕ߒߚᓟ㧘 side feed ᣇᑼ full flight ࠣࡔࡦ࠻ߩߺߩゲ᭴ᚑ ࠍ↪ߒࡍ࠶࠻ࠍㅧ☸ߔࠆߎߣߢࡍ࠶࠻
ౝߩᱷሽ❫⛽ࠕࠬࡍࠢ࠻Ყࠍᡷༀߔࠆߎߣ߇ ߢ߈ߚ㧚ߘߩ⚿ᨐᒁᒛᒝᐲ․ᕈࠍᡷༀߔࠆߎߣ ߇᧪ߚ㧚
ᧄ⎇ⓥߪ㧘ᢥㇱ⑼ቇ⋭⑳┙ᄢቇ⎇ⓥ㜞ᐲൻផㅴ
ᬺޟవㅴⶄว᧚ᢱߩ㐿⊒ߣߘߩᔕ↪㧔หᔒ␠ᄢቇ㧕 ޠ ߩᡰេࠍฃߌߚ㧚⸥ߒߡ⻢ᗧࠍߔ㧚
Fig. 12. Aspect ratio of kneaded pellet and WALP pellet.
Fig. 13. Mechanism of fiber breakage and separation
between barrel and segment.
ෳ⠨ᢥ₂
1) L. Jiang, J. Huang, J. Qian, F. Chen, J. Zhang, M. P.
Wolcott and Y. Zhu, “Study of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/Bamboo Pulp Fiber Composites: Effects of Nucleation Agent and Compatibilizer”, Journal of Polymers and the Environment, 16, 83-93 (2008).
2) O. Yamashita, Yokochi, H. Imanishi, and K. Kanayama,
“Transfer molding of bamboo”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 192-193, 259-264 (2007).
3) ⮮ ㅘ, ᄤὼ❫⛽ᒝൻⶄว᧚ᢱ㧘Materials and Processing Division Newsletter, 28, 8-9 (2004).
4) P. Wambua, J. Ivens and I. Verpoest, “Natural fibres: can they replace glass in fibre reinforced plastics?”, Composites Science and Technology, 63, 1259-1264 (2003).
5) S. Shibata, Y. Cao and I. Fukumoto, “Study of the flexural modulus of natural fiber/polypropylene composites by injection molding”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 100, 911-917 (2006).
6) E. W. Liang and V. K. Stokes, “Mechanical properties of injection-molded short-fiber thermoplastic composites.
Part 1: The elastic moduli and strengths of glass-filled poly(butylene terephthalate)”, Polymer Composites, 26, 428-447 (2005).
7) U. Yilmazer and M. Cansever, “Effects of processing conditions on the fiber length distribution and mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced nylon-6”, Polymer Composites, 23, 20 – 28 (2002).
8) A. Terenzi, J. M. Kenny and S. E. Barbosa, “Natural fiber suspensions in thermoplastic polymers. I. Analysis of fiber damage during processing”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 103, 2501 – 2506 (2007).
9) J. Z. Lu, Q. Wu, I. I. Negulescu and Y. Chen, “The influences of fiber feature and polymer melt index on mechanical properties of sugarcane fiber/polymer composites”, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 102, 5607 – 5619 (2006).
10) B. Nyström, R. Joffe, and R. Långström, “Microstructure and Strength of Injection Molded Natural Fiber Composites”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 26, 579-599 (2007).
11) P. V. Joseph, K. Joseph and S. Thomas, “Effect of processing variables on the mechanical properties of sisal-fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites”, Composites Science and Technology, 59, 1625-1640 (1999).
12) H. D. Rozman, C. Y. Lai, H. Ismail, Z. A. M. Ishak, “The effect of coupling agents on the mechanical and physical properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch-polypropylene composites”, Polymer International, 49, 1273-1278 (2000).
13) T.katayama Zairyo, Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, 50, 1394-1399 (2001).
14) K. Shima, H. Mizoguchi, K. Okubo, T. Fujii, and T.
Tanaka, “Effect of pellet geometry and water absorption on strength of long jute fiber reinforced polypropylene”, Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan, 51, 826-831 (2002).
15) D. M. Bigg, “Effect of compounding on the properties of short fiber reinforced injection moldable thermoplastic composites”, Polymer Composites, 6, 20 – 28 (1985).
16) V. Alvarez, A. Iannoni, J. M. Kenny, and A. Vazquez,
“Influence of Twin-Screw Processing Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Biocomposites”, Journal of Composite Materials, 39, 2023-2038 (2005).
