数値シュミレーションを用いた2005年9月6日広島県宮島で発生した土石流災害防止策の検討 (文化遺産と水害)

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(1)ᱧผㇺᏒ㒐ἴ⺰ᢥ㓸 Vol. 4㧔2010ᐕ7᦬㧕. ᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠍ↪޿ߚ2005ᐕ9᦬6ᣣᐢፉ⋵ችፉߢ⊒↢ߒߚ ࿯⍹ᵹἴኂ㒐ᱛ╷ߩᬌ⸛ Study on preventing debris flow disaster occurred on September 6, 2005 in Miyajima, Hiroshima Prefecture applying numerical simulation ਛ⼱ടᄹ1࡮೨↰ᄢ੺2࡮㉿ᷓᅢᢥ3࡮᳓ጊ㜞ਭ4 Kana Nakatani, Daisuke Maeda, Yoshifumi Satofuka and Takahisa Mizuyama. 1ᣣᧄቇⴚᝄ⥝ળ․೎⎇ⓥຬ㧔PD㧕࡮੩ㇺᄢቇ. ㄘቇ⎇ⓥ⑼㧔‫ޥ‬606-8502 ੩ㇺᏒᏀ੩඙ർ⊕Ꮉㅊಽ↸㧕. JSPS Research Fellow (PD), Kyoto University, Lab. of Erosion Control Engineering 2੩ㇺᄢቇ. ୃ჻⺖⒟ ㄘቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ ᫪ᨋ⑼ቇኾ᡹㧔‫ޥ‬606-8502 ੩ㇺᏒᏀ੩඙ർ⊕Ꮉㅊಽ↸㧕 Graduate Student, Kyoto University, Lab. of Erosion Control Engineering. 3┙๮㙚ᄢቇᢎ᝼. ℂᎿቇㇱㇺᏒࠪࠬ࠹ࡓᎿቇ⑼㧔‫ޥ‬525-8577 ṑ⾐⋵⨲ᵤᏒ㊁〝᧲1-1-1㧕. Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering 4੩ㇺᄢቇᢎ᝼. ㄘቇ⎇ⓥ⑼ ᫪ᨋ⑼ቇኾ᡹㧔‫ޥ‬606-8502 ੩ㇺᏒᏀ੩඙ർ⊕Ꮉㅊಽ↸㧕. Professor, Kyoto University, Lab. of Erosion Control Engineering. We simulated a debris flow disaster that occurred on September 6, 2005 in Miyajima, Hiroshima Prefecture. In Miyajima historical heritage such as Itsukushima shrine exists. There was a failure at Mt.Misen and caused debris flow from upstream end. While debris flow flowing downstream to residence and heritage existing area, it was surveyed that erosion from riverbed also developed the debris flow volume. In this study, we consider the effective sabo works for this disaster applying GUI equipped simulator KANAKO. First, we simulated case without any sabo structures. Then we also simulated case with groundsill, and case with groundsill and sabo dam. The result showed that not only constructing sabo dam but also the construction of groundsill in the steep area is effective to prevent this kind of debris flow disaster.. Key Words : debris flow, numerical simulation, historical heritage, Miyajima area, groundsill, sabo dam. 㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ 2005ᐕ9᦬6ᣣߦᐢፉ⋵ችፉ⊕♻Ꮉߢ࿯⍹ᵹ߇⊒↢ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ችፉߦߪ‫ޔ‬ᐔ቟ᤨઍ߆ࠄ⚂1400ᐕߩᱧผࠍᜬߟ෩ ፉ␹␠㧔౮⌀1㧕߿ᄢ⡛㒮ߥߤߩผ〔߇ሽ࿷ߒ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄߛߌߢߥߊᶏᄖ߆ࠄߩⷰశቴ߽ᄙߊ‫ޔ‬ᱧผㇺᏒ㒐ἴߛ ߌߢߥߊ⚻ᷣ⊛ߥⷞὐ߆ࠄ߽‫ޔ‬㊀ⷐߥ࿾ၞߣ޿߃ࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ ᧄᬌ⸛ߢߪ‫⪺ޔ‬⠪ࠄ߇㐿⊒ߒߚGUIࠍታⵝߒߚ࿯⍹ᵹᢙ୯ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ’Kanako 2D’ 1)ࠍ↪޿ ߡ‫ޔ‬ኻ╷߇ోߊߥߐࠇߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ႐วߩⵍኂ⁁ᴫߩផቯ‫⍾ߦ߮ࠄߥޔ‬㒐ႍႇ߿ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏߥߤߩ⍾㒐᭴ㅧ‛ ࠍ↪޿ߡ⊒↢ߒߚἴኂࠍലᨐ⊛ߦ㒐ᱛ࡮シᷫߔࠆᚻᴺߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤߒߚ‫ޕ‬. 1 −107−.

(2) 㧞㧚ᐢፉ⋵ችፉ⊕♻Ꮉߦ߅ߌࠆࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ. ἴኂ᭎ⷐ ᐕ ᦬ ᣣ ᤨ㗃‫ޔ‬บ㘑 ภߦ઻߁ᄢ㔎ߦࠃߞߡᐢፉ⋵ᑮᣣᏒᏒችፉߩ㚤ࡩᨋ㧔ᮡ㜞 O㧕ߩᮡ 㜞 O ઃㄭߢ፣უ߇⿠ߎࠅ‫ޔ‬࿯⍹ᵹ߇⊒↢ߒߚ‫ޕ‬፣უߦࠃߞߡ⊒↢ߒߚ࿯⍹ᵹߪ‫♻⊕ޔ‬Ꮉߦᴪߞߡ⚂ O ᵹਅߒ‫ޔ‬ᵹਅߦ઻ߞߡᴡ㆏਄ߦሽ࿷ߒߚᴡᐥ᧚ᢱࠍଚ㘩ߒߡ⊒㆐ߒߥ߇ࠄᵹേߒߡ‫ߚ޿ߡࠇߐ⟎⸳ޔ‬ ၮߩ⍾㒐ႍႇࠍ⿧ᵹ࡮⎕៊ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᣢ⸳ߩ⍾㒐ᣉ⸳ߩᯏ⢻ߥߤߦࠃࠅ‫ⵍ⊛ੱޔ‬ኂߪዋߥ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬㚤ࠤ ጪߦ߅ߌࠆ᦭ฬߥ⊓ጊ㆏ߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆᄢ⡛㒮࡞࡯࠻㧔౮⌀ 㧕ߪ↟ᄢߥⵍኂࠍฃߌ‫ޔ‬ᓳᣥߦߪ⚂ ᐕߩᤨࠍ ᔅⷐߣߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ਅᵹၞߦ߅ߌࠆችፉ໡ᐫⴝ߿૑ቛ࿾ߦ߽᳓߿࿯⍾߇ᵹ౉ߒ‫ⵍޔ‬ኂࠍ෸߷ߒߚ‫ⵍ⊛ੱޕ‬ኂ ߪシ்⠪ ฬ‫ޔ‬ኅደⵍኂߪ৻ㇱ៊უ ᚭ‫ޔ‬ᐥ਄ᶐ᳓ ᚭ‫ޔ‬ᐥਅᶐ᳓ ᚭߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬. . . ౮⌀ ෩ፉ␹␠ ౮⌀ᓳᣥߒߚ⊕♻Ꮉᴪ޿ߩᄢ⡛㒮࡞࡯࠻㧔ਅᵹࠃࠅᦸ߻㧕. . ࿾ᒻ᧦ઙ ፣უ࿯⍾㊂ߪ⚂ m3 ߣ⷗Ⓧ߽ࠄࠇ 㧕㧕‫ࠍࠇߎޔ‬రߦଏ⛎ࡂࠗ࠼ࡠࠣ࡜ࡈ࡮࠮࠺ࠖࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ⸳ቯߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ࿯⍹ᵹ߇ᴡ㆏ࠍଚ㘩ߒߚ࿯⍾㊂ߪ⚂ m3 ߣផቯߐࠇߡ߅ࠅ‫ߪࠄࠇߎޔ‬ೋᦼᴡᐥ᧚ᢱߣߒߡᴡ㆏਄ߦ‫ޔ‬ ဋ╬ߦਈ߃ࠆ‫ߩࠇߕ޿ޔ߅ߥޕ‬࿯⍾㊂߽ⓨ㓗ㄟߩ㊂ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬࿾ᒻ᧦ઙߪ࿖࿯࿾ℂ㒮߆ࠄ౏㐿ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ㔚ሶ ࿖࿯ߩ࠺࡯࠲ࠍరߦ૞ᚑߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿑ ߦ␜ߔࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᕆ൨㈩㗔ၞߢߪ৻ᰴర⸘▚ࠍታᣉߒߡ‫ޔ‬૑ዬ߿෩ፉ␹␠ ߥߤߩሽ࿷ߔࠆ✭൨㈩㗔ၞߦ߅޿ߡߪੑᰴర⸘▚ࠍታᣉߒߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᎹ᏷ߪ‫ᧄޔ‬ᬌ⸛ߢߪ৻ᓞ ߦ m ߣ⸳ቯߒߚ‫৻ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߩਅ┵߆ࠄߩᵹၞ㕙Ⓧߪ⚂ km2 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬. ࿑ ችፉ⊕♻Ꮉ࿾ᒻ࿑㧔Ꮐ࿑㧕ߣ -CPCMQ ߢߩ ᰴర㗔ၞ㧔ฝਅ࿑㧕 ᰴర㗔ၞ㧔ฝ਄࿑㧕ߩኻᔕ 2 −108−.

(3) ߥ߅‫ޔ‬࿑ ߪችፉ⊕♻Ꮉ᭎ⷐ㧔࿑ Ꮐ㧕ߣ Kanako ߢ⴫␜ߐࠇࠆ㧝ᰴర㗔ၞ㧔࿑ ฝ਄㧕‫ޔ‬㧞ᰴర㗔ၞ 㧔࿑ ฝਅ㧕ߦ߅ߌࠆኻᔕࠍ␜ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߩਅᵹ┵ઃㄭ߇ᄢ⡛㒮‫ޔ‬㧞ᰴర㗔ၞߩ⿒޿㐳ᣇᒻߢ࿐ ߹ࠇߚ㗔ၞߦ෩ፉ␹␠߇૏⟎ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬. ଏ⛎ࡂࠗ࠼ࡠࠣ࡜ࡈ ৻ᰴర㗔ၞߩਅᵹ┵൨㈩ࠍరߦ‫ޔ‬㜞ᯅࠄߦࠃࠆᐔⴧ࿯⍾Ớᐲᑼ 㧕 ࠍ↪޿ߡ‫ޔ‬፣უ࿯⍾㊂㧔 m3㧕 ࠍャㅍߒᓧࠆ࿯⍾Ớᐲߣ‫✚ޔ‬ᵹ㊂ࠍ▚಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬࿯⍹ᵹࡇ࡯ࠢᵹ㊂ߪ‫ޔ‬࿯⍹ᵹ✚ᵹ㊂ߣߩ㑐ଥᑼ ‫ ޔ‬ ߆ࠄዉ಴ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᐔⴧ࿯⍾Ớᐲᑼ㧧. Cd. U tan T (V U )(tan I tan T ). (1). ߎߎߦ‫ޔ‬ı⍾␕ߩኒᐲ kg/m3 ‫ޔ‬ȡᵹ૕⋧ߩኒᐲ kg/m3 ‫ޔ‬I⍾␕ߩౝㇱ៺ᡂⷺ q ‫ޔ‬șਅᵹ ┵߆ࠄ਄ᵹmߩᐔဋᴡᐥ൨㈩㧔q㧕‫ޔ‬Cd㧦࿯⍹ᵹỚᐲ ҇Cd҇‫ᦨޔ‬ᄢ୯ߪC* 㧘C*㧦ᴡᐥ ߩኈⓍỚᐲ㧔㧕ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ࿯⍹ᵹࡇ࡯ࠢᵹ㊂㧔ᐔဋ⊛ߥࡇ࡯ࠢᵹ㊂ߣ࿯⍹ᵹ✚ᵹ㊂ߩ㑐ଥᑼ㧕㧧. Q sp. 0.01¦ Q. (2). ¦Q. Vdqp C * Cd. (3). QSP㧦࿯⍹ᵹߩࡇ࡯ࠢᵹ㊂ m3/s ‫ޔ‬ȈQ㧦࿯⍹ᵹ✚ᵹ㊂ m3 ‫ޔ‬Vdqp㧦ᵹ಴࿯⍾㊂㧔ⓨ㓗ㄟߺ࡮m3 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ਄ㅀߒߚᑼࠃࠅ࿯⍹ᵹỚᐲߪ‫✚ޔ‬ᵹ㊂ߣࡇ࡯ࠢᵹ㊂ߪߘࠇߙࠇm3‫ޔ‬m3/s߇▚಴ߐࠇߚ‫ߎޕ‬ ࠇࠄࠃࠅ‫⑽ࠍࡈ࡜ࠣࡠ࠼ࠗࡂޔ‬㑆⛮⛯ߔࠆਃⷺᒻ⁁ߩࡇ࡯ࠢߢଏ⛎ߔࠆ࿑ߩ᭽ߦ⸳ቯߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ ⑽ᓟ߆ࠄ⸘▚⚳ੌᤨߩ⑽߹ߢߪ‫ޔ‬਄ᵹ┵߆ࠄߪ৻ಾߩ᳓࡮࿯⍾ࠍଏ⛎ߒߥ޿߽ߩߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ࿑ߢ⸳ቯߒߚଏ⛎ࡂࠗ࠼ࡠࠣ࡜ࡈߦ߅ߌࠆ‫ޔ‬᳓ߩ✚㊂ߪm3ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬࿯⍾ἴኂ߇⊒↢ߔࠆ એ೨߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬บ㘑ภߩਛ࿖࿾ᣇធㄭߦ઻ߞߡ‫᦬ޔ‬ᣣᤨ߆ࠄᣣᤨ߹ߢߩᦼ㑆‫ޔ‬㒠㔎߇ㅪ⛯⊛ߦ᷹ⷰߐࠇ ߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ᶏၳࠄߩႎ๔㧕߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ἴኂᒰᤨߩችፉ↸㔎㊂᷹ⷰᚲߦ߅ߌࠆᐕ᦬ᣣᤨᤨὐߢߩᤨ㑆ඨ ᷫᦼታല㔎㊂ߪচߢ޽ࠅ‫ᤨߩߢ߹ᤨߦߎߘޔ‬㑆㔎㊂OOJ߇㒠ߞߚߎߣߢ࿯⍹ᵹ߇⊒↢ߒߚߣႎ๔ ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߘߩઁߩ⸘▚᧦ઙ ᢙ୯⸘▚ߦ↪޿ߚฦࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲୯ࠍ⴫ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ዊⷙᮨߥᵹၞߢ޽ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬࿯⍹ᵹߩᵹേ⛮⛯ᤨ㑆ߪ ಽᧂḩߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ߡ‫ᤨ▚⸘✚ޔ‬㑆ߪ⑽ߣߒߚ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬ᣢ⸳ߩ⍾㒐ႍႇߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ᧄޔ‬ᬌ⸛ߢߪ⠨ᘦ ߒߥ޿߽ߩߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪋㪇㪇㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃. 㪊㪇㪇㪉㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. ࿑ችፉ⸘▚ߢ↪޿ߚଏ⛎ࡂࠗ࠼ࡠࠣ࡜ࡈ. 3 −109−.

(4) ⴫ ⸘▚ߦ↪޿ߚࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲. ࡄ࡜ࡔ࡯࠲. ᢙ୯. ⸘▚ᤨ㑆 U . . ⸘▚ߩᤨ㑆㑆㓒 U . . ࿯⍾ߩ☸ᓘ O ⍾␕ߩኒᐲ MIO ǻ ᵹ૕⋧ኒᐲ MIO ǹ ᴡᐥߩኈⓍỚᐲ ㊀ജടㅦᐲ OU ଚ㘩ㅦᐲଥᢙ ၸⓍㅦᐲଥᢙ ࡑ࠾ࡦࠣߩ☻ᐲଥᢙ UO 㧝ᰴరߩ⸘▚ὐ㑆㓒 O 㧝ᰴర㗔ၞ⸘▚ὐ୘ᢙ 㧞ᰴరߩZ⸘▚ὐ㑆㓒 O 㧞ᰴరߩ[⸘▚ὐ㑆㓒 O 㧞ᰴరᐔ㕙ߩZᣇะ⸘▚ὐ୘ᢙ 㧞ᰴరᐔ㕙ߩ[ᣇะ⸘▚ὐ୘ᢙ. . 㧟㧚ࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ⚿ᨐ࡮⠨ኤ ⊕♻Ꮉߦߟ޿ߡᰴߩ⴫ߦ␜ߔࠤ࡯ࠬߦߟ޿ߡ㧔ήᣉ⸳‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߦᐥᱛ߼Ꮏࠍ⸳⟎‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߦ⍾ 㒐ႍႇၮ⸳⟎‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߦᐥᱛ߼Ꮏࠍ⸳⟎ߒߡ߆ߟᵹၞߦ⍾㒐ႍႇࠍ⸳⟎㧕⸘▚ࠍታᣉߒߚ‫ޕ‬ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏ ߣߪዪᚲᵞជ߿ᴡᐥૐਅࠍ㒐߉‫ޔ‬ᴡᐥߩ቟ቯࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡᷧᐥߦ⸳⟎ߐࠇࠆᮮᢿ᭴ㅧ‛ߢ޽ࠆ㧔౮⌀㧕‫ޕ‬ ਇㅘㆊဳ⍾㒐ႍႇߪ‫ޔ‬࿯⍾ࠍႍႇߦ᝝ᝒߔࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ਅᵹ߳ߩ࿯⍾ᵹ಴ࠍ㒐ᱛߔࠆ⋡⊛ߢਥߦጊ࿾ᴡᎹߦ⸳ ⟎ߐࠇࠆ⍾㒐᭴ㅧ‛ߢ޽ࠆ㧔౮⌀4㧕‫ޕ‬ ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚ᧦ઙਅߢߪ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߦ߅޿ߡೋᦼᴡᐥ᧚ᢱ߇ή޿߽ߩߣߒߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ਇㅘㆊဳ⍾ 㒐ႍႇߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߩ਄ᵹ┵߆ࠄ㨙ߩ૏⟎ߦ㜞ߐ㨙ߩႍႇࠍၮ⸳⟎ߒ‫▚⸘ޔ‬㐿ᆎᤨߦ ႍႇ਄ᵹߩࡐࠤ࠶࠻ߪⓨߢ޽ࠆߣ઒ቯߒߡᦨ߽ലᨐ⊛ߦႍႇߩ࿯⍾᝝ᝒᯏ⢻߇⊒ើߐࠇࠆ߽ߩߣߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄᓧࠄࠇߚ৻ᰴర㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᵹ㊂߿ᵹ⍾㊂ᄌൻ‫ߦ߮ࠄߥޔ‬ੑᰴర㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᴡᐥ૏ᄌൻߦߟ޿ ߡ⠨ኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬࿑ਛߦ␜ߐࠇߚ᷹ⷰὐ1DU㧙1DUߦ߅ߌࠆᵹ㊂‫ߦ߮ࠄߥޔ‬ᵹ⍾㊂ࠍ࿑㧙࿑ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬ ⴫ ᬌ⸛ߒߚࠤ࡯ࠬ. . %CUG. ᧦ઙ. %CUG. ήᣉ⸳. %CUG %CUG %CUG. ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏ㧔࿕ቯᐥ㧕 ਇㅘㆊဳ⍾㒐ႍႇၮ ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏ㧔࿕ቯᐥ㧕 ਇㅘㆊဳ⍾㒐ႍႇၮ. ౮⌀ ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏߩ৻଀ ౮⌀ਇㅘㆊဳ⍾㒐ႍႇߩ৻଀. 4 −110−. .

(5) 㪐㪇. 㪊㪌㪇㪦㪹㫊㪅㪈㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪃㩷㪊㪀㪦㪹㫊㪅㪈㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪃㩷㪋㪀. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪈㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪃㩷㪊㪀㪦㪹㫊㪅㪈㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪃㩷㪋㪀. 㪏㪇㪎㪇. 㪉㪌㪇. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪊㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪈㪌㪇㪈㪇㪇. 㪍㪇㪌㪇㪋㪇㪊㪇㪉㪇. 㪌㪇. 㪈㪇. 㪇. 㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. 㪍㪇㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪉㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪃㩷㪋㪀. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪉㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪃㩷㪊㪀㪉㪇㪇. 㪋㪇㪇. 㪈㪌㪇. 㪊㪇㪇. 㪈㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇. 㪌㪇. 㪈㪇㪇㪇. 㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. 㪇. 㪎㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. 㪊㪇㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪊㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪃㩷㪊㪀. 㪍㪇㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪊㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪃㩷㪊㪀㪉㪌㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪊㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪃㩷㪋㪀. 㪌㪇㪇. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. 㪉㪌㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪉㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪃㩷㪊㪀㪦㪹㫊㪅㪉㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪃㩷㪋㪀. 㪌㪇㪇. 㪇. 㪋㪇㪇㪊㪇㪇㪉㪇㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪊㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪃㩷㪋㪀. 㪉㪇㪇㪈㪌㪇㪈㪇㪇㪌㪇. 㪈㪇㪇㪇. 㪇. 㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. 㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. ࿑1DU1DUߢߩ✚ᵹ㊂㧔Ꮐ࿑㧕ਗ߮ߦᵹ⍾㊂㧔ฝ࿑㧕. ߥ߅‫ޔ‬ᢥਛߦߪ␜ߒߡ޿ߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬ᣢ⸳ߩੑၮߩ⍾㒐ႍႇࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚ᧦ઙ㧔ἴኂ⊒↢ᤨߣห᭽ߩ᧦ઙ㧕ਅߦ ߟ޿ߡ߽⸘▚ࠍታᣉߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ߦ⊛⥸৻ޕ‬࿯⍹ᵹἴኂ⺞ᩏߩ࿎㔍ߐ߽޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ἴኂᓟߩ⹦⚦ߥၸⓍෘ߿ᵹേᷓߩ ࠺࡯࠲ߪ⸘᷹ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ᧄޔߒ߆ߒޕ‬ᬌ⸛ߢኻ⽎ߣߒߚችፉ⊕♻Ꮉߩ࿯⍹ᵹἴኂߦߟ޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬ శᧄࠄ ߇⼱಴ญઃㄭߩᵹേᷓࠍႎ๔ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ἴኂᤨߣห᭽ߩ᧦ઙਅߢⴕߞߚ⸘▚⚿ᨐߩᵹേᷓߦߟ޿ߡ ߪႎ๔ߣߩᾖวࠍⴕߞߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᅷᒰߥ⚿ᨐ߇ᓧࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ . ৻ᰴర㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᵹ㊂࡮ᵹ⍾㊂ ᷹ⷰὐ1DU㧙1DU߹ߢߩ㑆ߪ‫ޔ‬ೋᦼᴡᐥ᧚ᢱ޽ࠅߩ%CUGߣ%CUG‫ޔ‬ਗ߮ߦᐥᱛ߼Ꮏ⸳⟎ߩ%CUGߣ%CUG ߩ⚿ᨐߪหߓߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ႍႇࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚߩ߇৻ᰴర㗔ၞߩਅᵹઃㄭߢ޽ߞߚߚ߼ߦ‫ޔ‬ೋᦼᴡᐥ᧚ᢱ ߩ᦭ήߛߌ߇਄ᵹၞߦ߅޿ߡߪᓇ㗀ߒߚߎߣߦࠃࠆ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬1DUߢߪోࠤ࡯ࠬߢߘࠇ߶ߤ✚ᵹ㊂ߥࠄ߮ߦ 5 −111−.

(6) ᵹ⍾㊂ߩ㆑޿ߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ޿߇‫ޔ‬1DU‫ޔ‬1DU߳ߣᵹਅߔࠆߦ઻ߞߡ‫ޔ‬ೋᦼᴡᐥ᧚ᢱ޽ࠅߩ%CUGߣ%CUGߢߪ‫ޔ‬ ଚ㘩ߦࠃࠆᵹ⍾㊂Ⴧടߦߣ߽ߥߞߡ‫✚ޔ‬ᵹ㊂߽Ⴧടߒߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇ‫ޔ‬ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚ᧦ઙߢ޽ࠆ%CUG ߣ%CUGߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬1DU‫ޔ‬1DU߳ߣᵹਅߔࠆߦ઻ߞߡᵹ⍾㊂߇ᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆ‫✚ޔߡߞ઻ߦࠇߘޕ‬ᵹ㊂ߦ ߟ޿ߡ߽ห᭽ߩ௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬࿯⍹ᵹ߇ᵹਅߒߡ޿ߊ㓙ߦ‫✭ޔ‬൨㈩㗔ၞߦ߅޿ߡၸⓍ߇⊒↢ߒߚ ߚ߼ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ห᭽ߩ࿾ᒻ᧦ઙ࡮ଏ⛎ࡂࠗ࠼ࡠࠣ࡜ࡈࠍ⸳ቯߒߚ႐วߢ޽ߞߡ߽‫ޔ‬ೋᦼᴡ ᐥ᧚ᢱߩ᦭ήߦࠃߞߡᵹ಴ᵹ㊂‫ޔ‬ᵹ⍾㊂߇⇣ߥࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ ࿑‫ޔ‬࿑ߦ␜ߔߩߪ৻ᰴరਅᵹ┵ઃㄭߩ1DUߦ߅ߌࠆ✚ᵹ㊂‫ޔ‬ᵹ⍾㊂ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ႍႇߩലᨐ߇⷗ࠄࠇࠆⷰ ᷹ὐߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬ੑᰴర㗔ၞ߳ᵹ಴ߔࠆ✚ᵹ㊂‫ޔ‬ᵹ⍾㊂ࠍ␜ߔ࿾ὐߢ߽޽ࠆ‫✚ޕ‬ᵹ㊂ߩ⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߪ‫ޔ‬%CUG߇ᦨ ߽✚ᵹ㊂߇ᄢ߈ߊ‫ޔ‬ᰴ޿ߢ%CUG‫ޔ‬%CUGߣᷫዋߒߡ޿߈‫ޔ‬%CUG߇ᦨ߽✚ᵹ㊂߇ዋߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᵹ⍾㊂ߦߟ޿ ߡ߽ห᭽ߩ௑ะ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆ߇‫ޔ‬%CUGߩᵹ⍾㊂ߪዋߥߊ‫ޔ‬%CUGߦ⥋ߞߡߪ߶ߣࠎߤᵹ಴࿯⍾㊂߇ߺࠄࠇߥ߆ ߞߚ‫ޔߚ߹ޕ‬1DUߦ߅ߌࠆ✚ᵹ㊂ߥࠄ߮ߦᵹ⍾㊂ߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬1DU㧙1DUߢߪᲧセ⊛✭޿൨㈩ߩ㗔ၞ ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆߚ߼‫ޔ‬ႍႇήߒߩ%CUGਗ߮ߦ%CUGߦߟ޿ߡ߽ၸⓍ߇↢ߓࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬1DUߩ୯߇ᄢ߈ߊ ᷫዋߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ࠆ‫ޕ‬ 㪉㪌㪇㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪀㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪀. 㪉㪇㪇㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪊㪀㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪫㫆㫋㪸㫃㩷㪽㫃㫆㫎㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪋㪀. 㪈㪌㪇㪈㪇㪇㪌㪇㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊 ࿑1DUߦ߅ߌࠆ✚ᵹ㊂. 㪛㫀㫊㪺㪿㪸㫉㪾㪼㪃㩷㫄㪊㪆㫊. 㪍㪇㪌㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪈㪀㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪉㪀. 㪋㪇. 㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪊㪀㪦㪹㫊㪅㪋㩷㪤㪸㫋㪼㫉㫀㪸㫃㩷㩿㪚㪸㫊㪼㪋㪀. 㪊㪇㪉㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇. 㪉㪇㪇㪋㪇㪇. 㪍㪇㪇㪏㪇㪇㪈㪇㪇㪇㪈㪉㪇㪇㪈㪋㪇㪇㪈㪍㪇㪇㪈㪏㪇㪇㪫㫀㫄㪼㪃㩷㫊. ࿑1DUߦ߅ߌࠆᵹ⍾㊂. 1DUߢߩ✚ᵹ಴࿯⍾㊂ߪ%CUGߪ m3‫ޔ‬%CUGߪ m3‫ޔ‬%CUGߪ m3‫ޔ‬%CUGߪ m3ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ήᣉ⸳ߩ%CUGࠍၮḰߦߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬%CUGߪ㧑‫ޔ‬%CUGߪ㧑‫ޔ‬%CUGߪ㧑ߦ߹ߢᷫዋߒߡ߅ࠅ‫੹ޔ‬ ࿁઒ቯߒߚࠃ߁ߥႍႇ⸳⟎ߪലᨐ⊛ߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬ਗ߮ߦᐥᱛ߼Ꮏߣ૬↪ߔࠆߣ࿯⍾ᵹ಴ࠍᛥ߃ࠆߦߪലᨐ߇ ᦝߦ਄߇ࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ᐥᱛ߼Ꮏߩߺࠍ⸳⟎ߒߚ႐วߦߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬ଚ㘩ߦࠃࠆ࿯⍹ᵹߩ⊒㆐ࠍᛥ߃ࠆߎ ߣߦࠃߞߡ‫ޔ‬ᵹ಴࿯⍾㊂߇ᷫዋߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ലᨐ߇ߺࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ 6 −112−.

(7) ࿑৻ᰴర㗔ၞߩᴡᐥ૏ᄌൻ㧔⑽⚻ㆊ㧕 . ࿑ੑᰴర㗔ၞߩᴡᐥ૏ᄌൻ㧔⑽⚻ㆊ㧕. 7 −113−.

(8) ᴡᐥ૏ᄌൻ ࿑‫ޔ‬࿑ߦ⸘▚⚳ੌᤨߩ৻ᰴర㗔ၞߥࠄ߮ߦੑᰴర㗔ၞߩᴡᐥ૏ᄌൻࠍ␜ߔ‫৻ޕ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߦ߅޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ᐥᱛ ߼Ꮏࠍ⸳⟎ߒߥ޿%CUGߣ%CUGߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬൨㈩ߩᕆߥ㗔ၞߢᐢ▸࿐ߦଚ㘩߇⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ଚ㘩߇⊒↢ߒ ߚ㗔ၞߢߪ‫ޔ‬ೋᦼᴡᐥߣߒߡਈ߃ߚၸⓍෘ㨙߇߶߷ోߡଚ㘩ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫ޔ‬਄ᵹ߆ࠄ㧙㨙ߩ 㗔ၞ߿㨙ࠃࠅ߽ਅᵹ஥ߢߪ‫ޔ‬ႍႇߩ᦭ήߦ㑐ࠊࠄߕ൨㈩߇✭޿ᓇ㗀߆ࠄၸⓍ߇⊒↢ߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߚ‫ޔ‬ੑᰴర㗔ၞߦ߅޿ߡߪ৻ᰴర㗔ၞ߆ࠄߩᵹ಴࿯⍾㊂ߣኻᔕߒߡ‫ޔ‬%CUGߢᦨ߽ᐢ޿▸࿐ߢ਌ߟᄢ߈ ߥ࿯⍾ၸⓍ߇⷗ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬%CUGߦ߅޿ߡ߽%CUGߣ߶߷ห᭽ߩ▸࿐ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ၸⓍෘߪዊߐߊߥߞߡ޿ߚ‫ޕ‬ %CUGߢߪ%CUGߣห᭽ߩ▸࿐ߢ࿯⍾ၸⓍ߇↢ߓࠆ߇‫ߩߘޔ‬ෘߐߪᱴߤߪEOએਅߢ޽ࠅෘ޿ߣߎࠈߢ߽EO ߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬%CUGߢߪࠊߕ߆ߥ㗔ၞߢၸⓍߔࠆߛߌߢ޽ࠅߘߩෘߐ߽EOએਅߣ㕖Ᏹߦዊߐ޿‫ޕ‬. 㧠㧚߅ࠊࠅߦ ⸘▚⚿ᨐ߆ࠄߪ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞࠍᵹਅߔࠆߦ઻ߞߡ‫ޔ‬ೋᦼᴡᐥ᧚ᢱ߇ሽ࿷ߔࠆ႐วߦߪ࿯⍹ᵹ߇⊒㆐ߒߡ޿ ߊㆊ⒟߇ߺࠄࠇߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᣇߢ‫৻ޔ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߩਅᵹ┵ઃㄭߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬਄ᵹ߿ਛᵹߩ㗔ၞߣᲧセߒߡ൨㈩߇✭ߊ ߥࠆߎߣߢ‫ޔ‬ήᣉ⸳ߩ႐วߢ߽ᵹ಴ᵹ㊂࡮ᵹ⍾㊂߇ᷫዋߒߡၸⓍ߇↢ߓࠆߎߣ߽␜ߐࠇߚ‫৻ޕ‬ᰴర㗔ၞߩਅ ┵ઃㄭߦਇㅘㆊဳ⍾㒐ႍႇࠍ⸳⟎ߔࠆߣ᦭ലߢ޽ࠆߎߣ‫ޔ‬ਗ߮ߦᴡ㆏ౝߦ߅ߌࠆଚ㘩ࠍᛥ߃ࠆᐥᱛ߼Ꮏߩ⸳ ⟎ߣ૬↪ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ችፉߩ⊕♻Ꮉߢ⊒↢ߒߚࠃ߁ߥ࿯⍹ᵹߦࠃࠆⵍኂࠍ㒐ᱛ࡮シᷫߔࠆ਄ߢߪ᦭ലߢ޽ࠆߎߣ ߇␜ߐࠇߚ‫৻ޔߚ߹ޕ‬ᰴర㗔ၞో૕ߦ߅ߌࠆᴡᐥᄌേߦ⌕⋡ߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ೋᦼᴡᐥ᧚ᢱ޽ࠅߩ%CUGߢߪႍႇߩ ⸳⟎ߦࠃߞߡੑᰴర㗔ၞ߳ߩᵹ಴࿯⍾㊂ߪᄢ߈ߊᷫዋߔࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ᴡ㆏ౝߦ߅޿ߡᄢ߈ߥଚ㘩‫ޔ‬ၸⓍ߇ᐢ޿ 㗔ၞߢߺࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ጊ࿾ᷧᵹߦ߅޿ߡߪᴡᐥᄌേ߇↢ߓࠆߩߪ৻⥸⊛ߥ⃻⽎ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ᧄޔ‬ᬌ⸛ߢኻ⽎ߣߒߚผ 〔߿ࡂࠗࠠࡦࠣࠦ࡯ࠬߣߒߡฬ㜞޿ችፉ࡮⊕♻Ꮉߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޔ‬ᴡᐥᄌേ߇↢ߓࠆߩߪᅢ߹ߒߊߥ޿ ߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ૑ዬߥߤߩሽ࿷ߔࠆੑᰴర㗔ၞߦߟ޿ߡ߽‫ޔ‬෩ፉ␹␠ߦߪᄢ߈ߥၸⓍෘᄌൻࠍ↢ߓߥ޿߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ήᣉ⸳ߩ ႐ว߿ႍႇࠍ⸳⟎ߒߥ޿႐วߦ߅޿ߡߪ‫ޔ‬EO߆ࠄ㨙એ਄ߩᴡᐥ૏ᄌൻ߇↢ߓࠆ㗔ၞ߇ᐢߊ⊒↢ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ၸ Ⓧ߇⊒↢ߒߚ㗔ၞߪ‫ޔ‬ผ〔ߢߪߥߊߡ߽౏࿦‫ޔ‬૑ዬ‫ޔ‬ᐫߥߤ߇ሽ࿷ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬෩ፉ␹␠ߥߤ߽฽ࠎߛࠛ࡝ࠕ ో૕ࠍ቞ࠆߚ߼ߦߪ‫ߩߎޔ‬ᐢ޿㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆ㒐ἴࠍ⠨߃ࠆᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆߣ޿߃ࠆߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߎޕ‬ੑᰴర 㗔ၞߦ߅ߌࠆᄢ߈ߥᴡᐥᄌേࠍᛥ߃ࠆߚ߼ߦ߽‫ޔ‬࿯⍾ߩᵹ಴෸߮⊒㆐ࠍᛥ೙ߔࠆߚ߼ߩᐥᱛ߼Ꮏ‫ߦ߮ࠄߥޔ‬ ⍾㒐ႍႇࠍ૬↪ߔࠆߎߣ߇㕖Ᏹߦലᨐ⊛ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬. ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ ਛ⼱ടᄹ㧘๺↰ቁᔒ㧘㉿ᷓᅢᢥ㧘᳓ጊ㜞ਭ㧦)7+ ࠍታⵝߒߚ᳢↪࿯⍹ᵹࠪࡒࡘ࡟࡯࠲㐿⊒㧘╙ ࿁࿯⍾ἴኂߦ㑐ߔࠆ ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘RR㧘 ᶏၳᱜඳ㧘ᶆ⌀㧘ศ᧛ᱜᓼ㧘⮮ᧄ⧷ᴦ㧦 ᐕ ᦬ ᣣߦᐢፉ⋵ችፉߢ⊒↢ߒߚ࿯⍹ᵹἴኂ㧘⍾㒐ቇળ⹹㧘8QN㧘 0Q㧘RR㧘 శᧄᕺ⟤㧘㋈ᧁ⋓ਭ㧘ᮮጊବᴦ㧦 ᐕ ᦬ ᣣᐢፉ⋵ችፉ⊕♻Ꮉߢ⊒↢ߒߚ࿯⍹ᵹߩၸⓍၞߢߩᵩ᳓૏ߩផቯ㧘ᣣ ᧄᔕ↪࿾⾰ቇળਛ࿖྾࿖ᡰㇱᐔᚑ ᐕᐲ⎇ⓥ⊒⴫ળ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘RR㧘 శᧄᕺ⟤㧘㋈ᧁ⋓ਭ㧘ᮮጊବᴦ㧦 ᐕ ᦬ ᣣᐢፉ⋵ችፉ⊕♻Ꮉߢ⊒↢ߒߚ࿯⍹ᵹߩᵩ᳓૏ߣᵹേᣇะߩផቯ㧘╙ ࿁ᣣᧄ࿾ߔߴࠅቇળ⎇ⓥ⊒⴫ળ⻠Ṷ㓸㧘RR㧘㜞ᯅ଻㧘ਛᎹ৻㧦⽕㔎ᤨߦ⊒↢ߔࠆ⍹␕ဳ࿯⍹ᵹߩ੍᷹㧘⍾㒐ቇળ⹹㧘8QN㧘0Q㧘R㧘 ࿖࿯੤ㅢ⋭㧦⍾㒐ၮᧄ⸘↹╷ቯᜰ㊎㧔࿯⍹ᵹ࡮ᵹᧁኻ╷✬㧕㧘. 8 −114−.

(9)