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バスケットボールにおけるルール変更に伴う現状と課題

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(1)

ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߦ߅ߌࠆ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߦ઻߁⃻⁁ߣ⺖㗴



Changes in Rules of Basketball, Current State and Problems

ᷡ ᳓ ೑ ૫

Rika Shimizu

Abstract



Looking at the history of basketball rules, rule content has changed to fit present conditions so referees won’t be at a loss. However recently it seems that there may be a different purpose for the rule changes.

This study investigates the purpose of changes and whether the audience has acknowledged these changes.  ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼㧦࡞࡯࡞࡮࠼࡝ࡉ࡞࡮ࡇࡏ࠶࠻࡮ ᐕએ㒠࡮ࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻   

㧝㧚ߪߓ߼ߦ



 ⃿ᛛߪᄢ߈ߊ  ࠲ࠗࡊߦಽߌࠄࠇߡ߅ࠅޔ߭ߣߟ⋡ߪࡀ࠶࠻ဳ㧔ࡀ࠶࠻࡮ოဳ㧕ߣ๭߫ ࠇࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆޕࡃ࡟࡯ࡏ࡯࡞߿ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦߥߤޔࡀ࠶࠻ࠍ᜽ࠎߢࡊ࡟࡯߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆࠬ ࡐ࡯࠷ࠍᜰߔޕ߰ߚߟ⋡ߪࠧ࡯࡞ဳ㧔ଚ౉ဳ㧕ߢ޽ࠅޔࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯߿࡜ࠣࡆ࡯ߥߤޔࠧ࡯࡞ ࠍ⁓߁ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ࠍᜰߔޕਃߟ⋡ߪࡌ࡯ࠬࡏ࡯࡞ဳ㧔቞஻࡮⿛႗ဳ㧕ߢ޽ࠅޔ㊁⃿߿࠰ࡈ࠻ ࡏ࡯࡞ޔࠢ࡝ࠤ࠶࠻ߥߤ߇޽ߍࠄࠇࠆޕᧄ⺰ߩ࠹࡯ࡑߢ޽ࠆࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߪޔࠧ࡯࡞ ဳߢ޽ࠆ߇ޔਛߢ߽໑৻ޔࠧ࡯࡞߇᳿߹ߞߚᓟߢ߽ክ್߇ࡊ࡟࡯ࠍᱛ߼ߥ޿ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߢ޽ ࠅޔᵹࠇࠆࠬࡇ࡯࠼ࠍ․ᓽߣߒߡ޿ࠆޕߎࠇࠄߩߘࠇߙࠇߩ․ᓽߪޔ࡞࡯࡞ߦࠃߞߡ᳿߼ ࠄࠇߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆޕ  ᐕ  ᦬ർ੩ࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢߢ᭽ޘߥࠬࡐ࡯࠷ࠍⷰᚢߔࠆਛޔᄙߊߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷⒳⋡߇ᣂ ߚߥ࡞࡯࡞ࠍขࠅ౉ࠇߡⴕߞߡ߅ࠅޔ㛳߆ߐࠇߚᣇ߽ᄙ޿ߛࠈ߁ޕ଀߃߫ࡃ࠼ࡒࡦ࠻ࡦߢ *ᧄቇಎᢎ᝼ޔ૕⢒(Physical education)

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ߪޔ੹࿁ೋ߼ߡ࡜࡝࡯ࡐࠗࡦ࠻೙߇ዉ౉ߐࠇߚޕ ߎߩࠃ߁ߥ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߪ૗᡿ⴕࠊࠇࠆߩ߆ޕ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪޔ┹ᛛߦߤߩࠃ߁ ߥᓇ㗀ࠍਈ߃ࠆߩ߆ޕࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩᱧผࠍ⠨߃ߥ߇ࠄޔ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߪ ૗᡿ⴕࠊࠇߡ߈ߚߩ߆ޔㄭᐕߩᄌᦝߪ૗ࠍ⋡⊛ߣߒߡ޿ࠆߩ߆ޔߐࠄߦᄌᦝߦ઻߁ᢎ⢒⃻ ႐ߩ⃻⁁ߣ⺖㗴ࠍ⠨߃ߚ޿ޕ 

㧞㧚ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩᱧผ

㧝㧕





 ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ⿠Ḯ

 ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ⠨᩺ߒߚߩ߇ޔࡀࠗࠬࡒࠬඳ჻ߢ޽ࠆߎߣߪ᦭ฬߢ޽ࠆ߇ޔߤߩࠃ ߁ߥ⚻✲ߢ⠨᩺ߐࠇߚߩߢ޽ࠈ߁߆ޕߘࠇߪޔ ᐕߦࠬࡊ࡝ࡦࠣࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼ᄢቇߩ૕⢒ ቇㇱ㐳࡞࡯ࠨ࡯࡮ࠡࡘ࡯࡝࠶ࠢ߇ޔᜰዉ⠪ࠍ⋡ᜰߔቇ↢ߚߜߦደౝ┹ᛛߩ⠨᩺ࠍ᝼ᬺߩ⺖ 㗴ߣߒߡਈ߃ߚߎߣߦ┵ࠍ⊒ߒߚޕߎࠇߪޔ౻ቄߩ࠾ࡘ࡯ࠗࡦࠣ࡜ࡦ࠼ߪ㔐߇ᷓߊޔ࡜ࠣ ࡆ࡯߿ࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ߥߤߩደᄖ⒳⋡߇ߢ߈ߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄޔቶౝߢ૕ജࠍ⪭ߣߐߕޔ߆ߟᭉߒߊ ࠻࡟࡯࠾ࡦࠣߔࠆߚ߼ߩᣇᴺࠍ⠨᩺ߔࠆߚ߼ߩ⺖㗴ߢ޽ߞߚޕቇ↢ࠄ߇ឭ಴ߒߚ᭽ޘߥ᩺ ߪޔ࡜ࠣࡆ࡯߿ࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ߩࠃ߁ߦり૕ធ⸅ࠍ฽ߺޔደౝߦߪਇะ߈ߩ߽ߩ߇ᄙ߆ߞߚ৻ᣇ ߢޔࡀࠗࠬࡒࠬ߇⠨᩺ߒߚ┹ᛛߪ㆑ߞߡ߅ࠅޔ⥝๧ࠍᜬߞߚߩ߇ᆎ߹ࠅߣߐࠇߡ޿ࠆޕ   ࡀࠗࠬࡒࠬ߇⠨߃಴ߒߚ┹ᛛߪޔԘࡏ࡯࡞ࠍᜬߞߚ߹߹⿛ߞߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ޕԙり૕ធ⸅࡮ ⴣ⓭ࠍߒߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ޕԚ┹ᛛ⠪ߩ㗡਄ߦ᳓ᐔߩࠧ࡯࡞ࠍ⟎ߊޕߣ޿߁ᄢ߹߆ߥ  ߟߩ࡞ ࡯࡞ߣޔ┹ᛛ⠪ߪ޿ߟߢ߽ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍᅓ޿ᓧὐߢ߈ࠆޔߣ޿߁ၮᧄ⊛ߥ࡞࡯࡞ߢ޽ߞߚޕ㜞 ޿૏⟎ߦ᳓ᐔߩࠧ࡯࡞ࠍ⟎ߊߎߣߢޔᓧὐߔࠆߦߪജࠃࠅ߽ᱜ⏕ߐ߇ᔅⷐߦߥࠅޔᕋᚒߩ ᯏળࠍዋߥߊߢ߈ࠆߣ੍᷹ߒߚޕߎߩᣂߒ޿┹ᛛߪޔ࡜ࠣࡆ࡯ޔࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ޔ࡜ࠢࡠࠬ߇ࡅ ࡦ࠻ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆ߶߆ޔࡀࠗࠬࡒࠬ߇ዋᐕᤨઍߦㄭᚲߩሶଏߚߜߣߒߚㆆ߮ߩⷐ⚛߽฽߹ ࠇߡ޿ࠆޕߘߩㆆ߮ߣߪޔ‛ࠍ⟎޿ߡߘࠇߦ⍹ࠍ߱ߟߌࠆߣ޿߁߽ߩߢޔᒝߊᛩߍߕߦޔ 〒㔌߿ⷺᐲࠍ⠨߃ߡ⍹ࠍᛩߍࠆ߽ߩߢޔࠧ࡯࡞ߦࠪࡘ࡯࠻ࠍ᳿߼ࠆ㓙ߩࠗࡔ࡯ࠫߣߒߡᝒ ߃ࠄࠇߚޕ ᐕ  ᦬ޔ᝼ᬺߢߎߩ┹ᛛࠍೋ߼ߡⴕߞߚᤨޔߚ߹ߚ߹ᚻߦ౉ࠇߚ᩶ߩ☜ ࠍ૕⢒㙚ౝߩࡃ࡞ࠦ࠾࡯ߩਅߦᝪ߃ઃߌߡࠧ࡯࡞ߣߒޔࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ૶ߞߡ  ࠴࡯ࡓ  ੱߢⴕࠊࠇޔቇ↢ߩ᩺ߦࠃࠅޟࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ޠߣฬߠߌࠄࠇߚޕ

 ࡀࠗࠬࡒࠬߦࠃࠅ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚᦨೋߩ࡞࡯࡞

⠉  ᐕޔࡀࠗࠬࡒࠬߦࠃࠅᦨೋߦ⠨߃ࠄࠇߚ  ᧦ߩ࡞࡯࡞ߪޔએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ࡏ࡯࡞ߪࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ૶↪ߒޔ ᚻ޽ࠆ޿ߪਔᚻߢޔߤߩᣇะߦࡄࠬߒߡ߽ ⦟޿ޕ ╙  ᧦ ࡏ࡯࡞ߪ ᚻޔ޽ࠆ޿ߪਔᚻߢޔߤߩᣇะߦߚߚ޿ߡ߽⦟޿ޕߎ߱ߒߢߚߚߊߩ ߪ⑌ᱛߔࠆޕ

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╙  ᧦ ࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯ߪࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߒߚ߹߹⿛ࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥ޿ޕ߹ߚޔࡏ࡯࡞ࠍࠠࡖ࠶ ࠴ߒߚᤨὐ߆ࠄࡄࠬߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ޕ߆ߥࠅߩࠬࡇ࡯࠼ߢ⿛ߞߡ޿ࠆᤨߦࡏ ࡯࡞ࠍࠠࡖ࠶࠴ߒߚ႐วޔ߽ߒޔࠬ࠻࠶ࡊߒࠃ߁ߣദജߒߡ޿ࠆߥࠄ߫৻ޔੑᱠ ⒟ᐲߪ⸵ߐࠇࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ࡏ࡯࡞ߪਔᚻߢ଻ᜬߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ޕਔ⣨߿߆ࠄߛࠍ↪޿ߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ޕ ╙  ᧦ ߤߩࠃ߁ߥᣇᴺߢ޽ࠇޔ⋧ᚻࠍዊ⓭޿ߚࠅޔ᝝߹߃ߚࠅޔ᛼ߒߚࠅޔߟ߹ߕ߆ߖ ߚࠅߔࠆߎߣߪ⸵ߐࠇߥ޿ޕߎߩⷙೣߩ╙㧝࿁⋡ߩ㆑෻ߪ㧝୘ߩࡈࠔ࠙࡞ߣߔࠆޕ 㧞࿁㆑෻ࠍ‽ߒߚ႐วߪޔᰴߩࠧ࡯࡞߇ᚑഞߔࠆ߹ߢㅌ႐ߣߔࠆޕ߽ߒޔ᡿ᗧߦ ⋧ᚻࠍ்ߟߌࠃ߁ߣߔࠆࠃ߁ߥࡊ࡟࡯ߢ޽ࠆߣߺߥߐࠇࠆ႐วߪࠥ࡯ࡓ⚳ੌ߹ߢ ㅌ႐ߣߔࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ╙㧝㧞㧟㧠᧦ߢㅀߴߚߎߣߦ㧝࿁㆑෻ࠍ‽ߔߎߣߦޔ㧝୘ߩࡈࠔ࠙࡞ߣߔࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ਔ࠴࡯ࡓߩߤߜࠄ߆߇ㅪ⛯ߒߡ㧟࿁ߩࡈࠔ࠙࡞ࠍ‽ߔߣޔߘߩ⋧ᚻ࠴࡯ࡓߦ㧝ࠧ ࡯࡞ࠍਈ߃ࠆ㧔㨬ㅪ⛯㨭ߣߪߘߩ㑆ߦ⋧ᚻ࠴࡯ࡓ߇߭ߣߟ߽ࡈࠔ࠙࡞ࠍߒߥ޿ߣ޿ ߁ᗧ๧ߢ޽ࠆ㧕ޕ ╙  ᧦ ࡏ࡯࡞߇ࠬࡠ࡯ߐࠇࠆ߆ޔ޽ࠆ޿ߪޔ࠲࠶ࡊߐࠇߡࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ౝߦ౉ࠇ߫ࠧ࡯࡞ ᚑഞߢ޽ࠆޕ߽ߒޔࡏ࡯࡞߇ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ߩ✼ߦᱛ߹ߞߚࠅޔ࡚ࠪ࠶࠻ߒߚᤨߦ⋧ ᚻ߇ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࠍേ߆ߒߚࠅߒߚ႐ว߽ࠧ࡯࡞ᚑഞߣ⷗ߥߐࠇࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ࡏ࡯࡞߇ࠦ࡯࠻ᄖߦ಴ߚ႐วߪޔߘߩߩߜߦᦨೋߦࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߒߚࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯ ߥࠄ⺕ߢ߽ࠬࡠ࡯ࠗࡦߢ߈ࠆޕߘߩᤨޔࠬࡠ࡯ࠕ࡯ߪ㧡⑽㑆ߛߌ⋧ᚻ࠴࡯ࡓ߆ࠄ ᅹኂߐࠇߥ޿ߢࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߔࠆߎߣࠍ⸵ߐࠇࠆޕ߽ߒޔߤߩ࠴࡯ࡓߩࡏ࡯࡞ߣ ߥࠆ߆್ቯ߇ߟ߆ߥ޿ᤨߪޔ೽ክ߇ߘߩ૏⟎߆ࠄࠦ࡯࠻ౝߦࠬࡠ࡯ࠗࡦߔࠆޕࠬ ࡠ࡯ࠗࡦߩ㓙ߦ㧡⑽㑆ࠍ⿧߃ࠆߣࡏ࡯࡞ߪ⋧ᚻ஥ߦਈ߃ࠆޕ߹ߚޔࠬࡠ࡯ࠗࡦߩ 㓙ޔߤߜࠄ߆ߩ࠴࡯ࡓ߇ࠥ࡯ࡓࠍㆃࠄߖࠃ߁ߣߒߚ႐วޔ೽ክߪߘߩ࠴࡯ࡓߦࡈ ࠔ࠙࡞ࠍት๔ߔࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ೽ክߪࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯ࠍክ್ߒޔࡈࠔ࠙࡞ࠍ⸥㍳ߒޔㅪ⛯㧟࿁ࡈࠔ࠙࡞߇޽ߞߚᤨ ߦਥክߦߎࠇࠍ⍮ࠄߖࠆޕਥክߪ╙㧡᧦ߦࠃߞߡࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯ࠍᄬᩰߐߖࠆᮭ㒢ࠍ ᦭ߔࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ਥክߪࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ߼ߋࠆࡊ࡟࡯ࠍ್ቯߒޔ޿ߟࡏ࡯࡞߇ࠗࡦࡊ࡟࡯ߣߥࠆ߆ޔࠗ ࡦࡃ࠙ࡦ࠭ߣߥࠆ߆ޔߤߜࠄ஥ߩ࠴࡯ࡓߦࡏ࡯࡞߇ਈ߃ࠄࠇࠆ߆ߥߤࠍ᳿ቯߔࠆޕ ߹ߚޔ┹ᛛᤨ㑆ࠍ⸘ࠆޕߐࠄߦޔࠧ࡯࡞ᚑഞࠍ⏕⹺ߒޔߘߩ࿁ᢙࠍ⸥㍳ߔࠆޕߎ ࠇࠄߦട߃ߡޔઁߩࠥ࡯ࡓߢਥክ߇޿ߟ߽ᜂߞߡ޿ࠆࠃ߁ߥછോ߽ോ߼ࠆޕ ╙  ᧦ ┹ᛛᤨ㑆ߪ㧝㧡ಽࡂ࡯ࡈ೙ߣߒޔ㧡ಽ㑆ߩࡂ࡯ࡈ࠲ࠗࡓࠍ⟎ߊޕ ╙  ᧦ ࠧ࡯࡞ᚑഞߩᄙ߆ߞߚ࠴࡯ࡓߩ߶߁߇ൎ⠪ߣߥࠆޕ߽ߒޔหὐߩ႐วߪਔ࠴࡯ࡓ ߩࠠࡖࡊ࠹ࡦߩหᗧߩ߽ߣߦᰴߩࠧ࡯࡞߇ᚑഞߔࠆ߹ߢࠥ࡯ࡓࠍ⛯ߌࠆޕ

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 ᦨೋߩ⹜วߩ໧㗴ὐ

 ᦨೋߦⴕࠊࠇߚࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ⹜วߢߪޔࡈࠔ࡯࡞߇㗫⊒ߒߚߣᢥ₂ߢ⚫੺ߐࠇߡ ޿ࠆޕ ࿁ࡈࠔ࠙࡞ࠍ‽ߒߚ߽ߩߪޔᰴߩࠧ࡯࡞߇ᚑഞߔࠆ߹ߢㅌ႐ߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ ߚߚ߼ޔᄢඨ߇ㅌ႐⠪ߣߥߞߚࠃ߁ߢ޽ࠆޕ ੱ✬ᚑࠍࡈࠜࡢ࡯࠼ߣ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯ߦ  ฬߕߟޔ ࡃ࠶ࠢߦ  ฬࠍ㈩⟎ߒޔ࠮ࡦ࠲࡯߆ࠄ৻ੱߕߟࠍㆬ߮  ੱߩ㑆ߦ࠻ࠬࠕ࠶ࡊߒߡࠥ࡯ࡓ߇ ࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߒߚ߇ޔࡈࡠࠕ࡯ߩᄢ߈ߐߦኻߒ  ࠴࡯ࡓߩੱᢙ߇ᄙߔ߉ߚߎߣ߽޽ࠅޔోㇱߩ ࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯߇ࠪࡘ࡯࠻ࠍߒߡᓧὐߒࠃ߁ߣήᚒᄞਛߢ޽ߞߚߣ࿁㘈ߒߡ޿ࠆޕ৻ੱ߇ࡏ࡯ ࡞ࠍᜬߞߡᱛ߹ࠆߣޔ๧ᣇߣ࠺ࠖࡈࠚࡦࠬߩ  ੱ߇㓸߹ࠆޕࡄࠬࠍߔࠆߣޔߘߩࡏ࡯࡞ߣ ߣ߽ߦੱߩ߆ߚ߹ࠅ߽േߊޕోߊࠪࡘ࡯࠻߇ᛂߡߥ޿ਛޔỗᚢߦߌࠅࠍߟߌߚߩߪޔჽὓ ߥᅓ޿ว޿ߩ৻⍍ߩ㓗ࠍ⓭޿ߡࡈࡠࠕ࡯ߩ⌀ࠎਛ޽ߚࠅ߆ࠄ⿥ࡠࡦࠣࠪࡘ࡯࠻ࠍᛂߜޔߘ ࠇ߇ᄸ〔⊛ߦᚑഞߒߚ߆ࠄߣ⚫੺ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆޕߟ߹ࠅޔᦨೋߩࠥ࡯ࡓߪࠪࡘ࡯࠻  ᧄߢ᳿ ⌕ߒߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕ ߎߩ⹜วߢᵈ⋡ߔߴ߈ߪޔ೨㗄ߩ  ᧦࡞࡯࡞ߦᦠ߆ࠇߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߆ࠄ  ⑽࡞࡯࡞ߪሽ࿷ ߒޔ࠼࡝ࡉ࡞ߣ޿߁᭎ᔨߪήߊޔࡇࡏ࠶࠻߽ή߆ߞߚߣផ᷹ߐࠇࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠆޕ

 ࡇࡏ࠶࠻ߩ಴⃻

 ೋᦼߩ㗃ߩ⹜วߢߪޔ╙  ᧦ߩ⸃㉼ߢޔേ޿ߡ޿ࠆࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯߇ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍࠠࡖ࠶࠴ߒߚ ࠄޔߘߩ⍍㑆ߦ⋥ߜߦߘߩ࿾ὐߢࠬ࠻࠶ࡊߒߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߕޔߘߩᓟߪਔ⿷߽ߒߊߪ ⿷ ࠍേ߆ߔߩࠍ⑌ᱛߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇߡࠥ࡯ࡓ߇ㅴ߼ࠄࠇߚޕߒ߆ߒޔ޽߹ࠅߦᒝ޿࠺ࠖࡈࠚࡦࠬ ߩᒰߚࠅߦޔࡏ࡯࡞଻ᜬ⠪ߪ ⿷ߛߌࠍߘߩ࿾ὐߦᱷߒޔ߽߁৻ᣇߩ⿷ࠍ಴᧪ࠆߛߌ㆙ߊ 〯߳ߺ಴ߒߚޕหᤨߦ਄૕ߣേ߆ߒߡ޿ߥ޿⿷ࠍ᛬ࠅᦛߍޔਔ⣨ࠍᑧ߫ߒޔ〯ߺ಴ߒߚ⿷ ߩవ┵ߩᣇ߳ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ⒖േߐߖߚޕߎߩߎߣߢޔ࠺ࠖࡈࠚࡦࠬ߇ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ૏⟎ߦ᧪ࠆ߹ߢ ߩ௖߆ߥᤨ㑆Ⓙ߉߇น⢻ߣߥࠅޔෂ㒾ᕈࠍ৻ᤨ⊛ߦ࿁ㆱߢ߈ߚޕ࠺ࠖࡈࠚࡦࠬߪߥ߅߽ࡏ ࡯࡞ࠍᅓ޿ߦ᧪ࠆޕࡏ࡯࡞଻ᜬ⠪ߪหߓᣇᴺߢ ⿷ߛߌࠍ〯ߺ߆߃ޔ㆑߁ᣇะ߳ߣ߹ߚࡏ ࡯࡞ࠍ⒖േߐߖߚޕߎߎ߆ࠄࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯㆐߇߭ߣߟߩߎߣߦ᳇ߠ޿ߚޕߤߜࠄ߆ߩ⿷ࠍゲ ⿷ߦߒߡ߽߁৻ᣇߩ⿷ࠍ  ᐲ޿߆ߥࠆᣇะ߳ᕁ߁ࠃ߁ߦ〯ߺᄌ߃ࠆߎߣߪޔ⋧ᚻ߆ࠄࡏ ࡯࡞ࠍࠠ࡯ࡊߔࠆᤨߩ㊀ⷐߥᛛⴚߦߥࠆߣޕߎࠇࠍࡇࡏ࠶࠻ߣ๭߱ࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚޕ  ᐕߦޟࡏ࡯࡞଻ᜬ⠪ߪߘߩ࿾ὐߢ ⿷ࠍ〯ߺᄌ߃ࠆߎߣߪࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߒߡㅴⴕߒ ߚߎߣߦߪߥࠄߥ޿ޠߣ޿߁࡞࡯࡞߇ዉ౉ߐࠇߚޕ

 ࠼࡝ࡉ࡞ߩ಴⃻

ࡇࡏ࠶࠻߇࡞࡯࡞ߢ଻⸽ߐࠇߡ߽ޔࠝࡈࠚࡦࠬߦߪ㒢⇇߇޽ߞߚޕ޿߆ߦࡇࡏ࠶࠻ࠍ㚟 ૶ߒߡ߽ޔࡏ࡯࡞଻ᜬ⠪ߪ࠺ࠖࡈࠚࡦࠬࠍ੤ࠊߒ߈ࠇߥ޿ޕࡏ࡯࡞଻ᜬ⠪ߪޔࡇࡏ࠶࠻ߒ ߡ޿ࠆᦨਛߦᕁࠊߕޔ࠺ࠖࡈࠚࡦࠬ߆ࠄߪ෻ኻߩ஥߳ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍシߊ᡼ࠅᛩߍޔߘߩࡏ࡯࡞ ߇ᐥߦࡢࡦࡃ࠙ࡦ࠼ߒߡ޿ࠆ㑆ߦ  ᱠޔ ᱠਔ⿷ࠍേ߆ߒߡㅊ޿߆ߌޔࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߒ⋥

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ߒߚޕᐥ߆ࠄᒢࠎߛࡏ࡯࡞߇ⓨਛߦ޽ࠆ㑆ߦ⒖േߔࠆߩߛ߆ࠄޔޟࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߒߚ߹߹⿛ ߞߚޠߎߣߦߪߥࠄߥ޿ߣ⸃㉼ߐࠇޔߎߩࡊ࡟࡯ࠍ࠼࡝ࡉ࡞ߣ๭߱ࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚޕ  ᐕ㨪 ᐕ߹ߢޔޟ ᚻ߽ߒߊߪਔᚻߢޔࡏ࡯࡞ࠍߤߩᣇะߦณ޿ߡ߽ࠃ޿ޠߣߒޔ ߘߩᄌᦝߩℂ↱ߣߒߡޔޟࡏ࡯࡞ࠍᜬߞߚ߹߹⿛ࠆߎߣޠ߇⹺߼ࠄࠇߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚߩߢޔࡊ ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯ߪޔߤ߁ߦ߆ߒߡޔߎߩ࡞࡯࡞ߦᛶ⸅ߒߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦޔޟࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ㧔ࡄࠬએᄖߢ㧕ㆇ ߱ᣇᴺࠍᮨ⚝ߒߡ޿ߚߚ߼ޠߣߒߡ޿ࠆޕߎߩᓟ߽ޔ࠼࡝ࡉ࡞ߦ㑐ߒߡߪޔ ᐕ߹ߢߦ චᢙ࿁ߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝࠍ➅ࠅ㄰ߒߡ޿ࠆޕ

 ߘߩઁߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝ

   ᐕޔ᡹߼ࠆ஥߇ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ㐳ߊ଻ᜬߒ⛯ߌޔ⋧ᚻ࠴࡯ࡓߦᷰߐߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦᤨ㑆ࠍⒿߋ ࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ߚߚ߼ޔࠥ࡯ࡓዷ㐿ࠍᣧ߼ࠆ⋡⊛ߢޔ⁓߁ࠧ࡯࡞ߦㄭ޿ࠦ࡯࠻ߦ  ⑽એౝ ߢࡏ࡯࡞ࠍㆇ߱ߎߣ߇࡞࡯࡞ߦ⋓ࠅㄟ߹ࠇߚޕ ᐕߦߪޔࠪࡘ࡯࠻߇᳿߹ߞߚᓟߦޔ࠮ ࡦ࠲࡯ߦࡏ࡯࡞ࠍᚯߒޔࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ࡯࡞ߢࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߔࠆߣ޿߁࡞࡯࡞ࠍᑄᱛߒޔ⃻࿷ߩࡃ ࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩේဳߣ߽⸒߃ࠆࠥ࡯ࡓዷ㐿ߦᄌࠊߞߡ޿ߞߚޕ೨ߦ߽ㅀߴߚߣ߅ࠅޔࡃ ࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߪޔᓧὐߒߚᤨߦࠥ࡯ࡓ߇ᱛ߹ࠄߕޔߘߩ߹߹᡹㒐߇౉ࠇᦧࠊࠅ⛯ⴕߔࠆޕ ߎࠇએ೨ߪ࡜ࠣࡆ࡯߿ࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯╬ߩ࡞࡯࡞ࠍరߦߒߡ޿ߚߚ߼ߘߩฬᱷ߇ሽ࿷ߒߚ߇ޔߎ ߩᤨὐߢࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞⁛⥄ߩ࡞࡯࡞ߦߥߞߚߣ⸒ߞߡ߽⦟޿ߛࠈ߁ޕ ߘߒߡߎߩᒰᤨߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߪޔ᡹㒐ߩࠬࡇ࡯࠺ࠖ࡯ߐࠍᗧ⼂ߒߚ߽ߩߣᕁࠊࠇࠆޕ



㧟㧚ㄭᐕ㧔 ᐕએ㒠㧕ߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩ᭎ⷐ



  ᐕߩਥߥ࡞࡯࡞ߩᄌᦝὐߣ⋡⊛

 (+$#㧔࿖㓙ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ㅪ⋖㧕ߪޔ ᐕ  ᦬  ᣣޔ ᣣߦࡒࡘࡦࡋࡦߢ㐿௅ߐࠇ ߚળ⼏ߦ߅޿ߡޔࠪ࠼࠾࡯ࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢએ㒠ታᣉߔࠆ࿖㓙┹ᛛળⷙೣߩᦨ⚳ේ᩺ࠍ߹ߣ߼ޔ એਅߩࠃ߁ߦ࡞࡯࡞ࠍᄌᦝߒߚޕᣣᧄߪߎߩ࡞࡯࡞ࠍ  ᐕᐲࠃࠅណ↪ߒߚޕਥߥᄌᦝὐ ߪએਅߩߣ߅ࠅߢ޽ࠆޕ  㧝㧕ࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯߇ࠦ࡯࠻ౝߢ࡜ࠗࡉߩࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߒߚ࠴࡯ࡓߪ  ⑽એౝߦࠪࡘ࡯࠻ߒޔ  ⑽ߩ೙㒢߇⚳ࠊࠆ೨ߦߘߩࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ࡝ࡦࠣߦ⸅ࠇߐߖߥߊߡߪߥࠄߥ޿ޕ㧔 ⑽ࠃ ࠅᄌᦝ㧕  㧞㧕ࡃ࠶ࠢࠦ࡯࠻ߢ࡜ࠗࡉߩࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ଻ᜬߒߚ࠴࡯ࡓߪ  ⑽એౝߦߘߩࡏ࡯࡞ࠍࡈࡠࡦ ࠻ࠦ࡯࠻ߦㅴ߼ߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ޕ㧔 ⑽ࠃࠅᄌᦝ㧕  㧟㧕ࠥ࡯ࡓᤨ㑆ߪޔ ಽߩࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ࠍ  ࿁ⴕ߁ޕ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߣ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߩ㑆ޔ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߣ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߩ㑆ߦߘࠇߙࠇ  ಽ㑆ߩࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡃ࡞ࠍ⟎ߊޕ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ ࠼ߣ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߩ㑆ߦߪ  ಽ෶ߪ  ಽߩࡂ࡯ࡈ࡮࠲ࠗࡓࠍ⟎ߊޕ㧔 ಽࡂ࡯ࡈࠍ  ࿁ࠃࠅᄌᦝ㧕

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㧠㧕ߐࠄߦߎߩᐕߩᄢ߈ߥᄌᦝὐߣߒߡޔࠥ࡯ࡓߩᦨᓟߩ  ಽ㑆ࠍ㊀ⷐⷞߒޔ╙  ࡇ࡝ ࠝ࠼ߣᑧ㐳ᤨ㑆ߩᦨᓟߩ  ಽ㑆ߢߪޔ⋧ᚻ࠴࡯ࡓ߇ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼ࠧ࡯࡞ࠍᓧὐߒߚ⋥ᓟ ߦㆬᚻ߇੤ઍߢ߈ࠆߎߣߦߥߞߚޕߎࠇ߹ߢߪߤߜࠄߩ࠴࡯ࡓ߽ࡈࠖ࡯࡞࠼ࠧ࡯࡞ߩ ᓟߦㆬᚻ߇੤ઍߔࠆߎߣߪ⸵ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ߆ߞߚ߇ޔߎߩㆬᚻ੤ઍ߇޽ߞߚ႐วߪޔࡈ ࠖ࡯࡞࠼ࠧ࡯࡞ࠍ᳿߼ߚ஥߽หᤨߦߥࠄ߫⹺߼ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߚޕ ߎࠇࠄߩᄌᦝߪޔࠥ࡯ࡓ߇ࠃࠅࠬࡇ࡯࠺ࠖ࡯߆ߟࠕࠣ࡟࠶ࠪࡉߦߥࠆࠃ߁ߦߣㅊ᳞ߒߚ ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߣ⸒߃ࠆޕ

  ᐕ෸߮  ᐕߩਥߥ࡞࡯࡞ߩᄌᦝὐߣ⋡⊛

  ᐕ (+$# ߩ┹ᛛⷙᩰᡷቯߦࠃࠅޔ࡞࡯࡞߇ᄢ߈ߊᄌᦝߐࠇߚޕ ߹ߕޔߎߩᐕߦዉ౉ߐࠇߚޟࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ޠߦࠃࠅޔࡈ࡝࡯ ࠬࡠ࡯ࠨ࡯ࠢ࡞ߢߩࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ࡯࡞߇ⴕࠊࠇߥߊߥߞߚߩߢޔ೙㒢඙ၞౝߩᵄ✢ߩඨ౞ߩ ㇱಽࠍឬ߆ߥ޿ߎߣߦߥߞߚޕ⃻ሽߩࠦ࡯࠻ࠍ૶↪ߔࠆ႐วߪߘߩ߹߹ߛ߇ޔᣂߚߦࠦ࡯ ࠻ࠍᦠߊ႐วߦߪᵄ✢ࠍᦠߊᔅⷐ߇ήߊߥߞߚޕߎߩ࡞࡯࡞߇ขࠅ౉ࠇࠄࠇߚߎߣߦࠃࠅޔ ࠥ࡯ࡓ㐿ᆎߩ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߣᓟඨ㐿ᆎߩ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߩࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ࡯࡞એᄖޔࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ ࡯࡞ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪߥߊߥߞߚߩߢ޽ࠆޕߎߩ࡞࡯࡞ߪ᣿ࠄ߆ߦ࠴࡯ࡓߩり㐳Ꮕ߇ࠥ࡯ࡓࠍ ᳿ቯߠߌߥ޿ࠃ߁ߦዊᨩߥㆬᚻ߇ᵴべߔࠆߎߣޔ᡹᠄ߩ࿁ᢙࠍᐔ╬ߦᓧࠄࠇࠆߎߣࠍ⋡⊛ ߣߒߡ޿ࠆޕߘࠇ߹ߢᐔ㕙ߩࠬࡇ࡯࠼ߢ㜞ߐߦኻ᛫ߒߡ޿ߚᐔဋり㐳ߩૐ޿࠴࡯ࡓ㧔਎⇇ ߩਛߩᣣᧄ㧕ߦ߽ޔദജߢขࠇߥ߆ߞߚࡏ࡯࡞ࠍᓧࠆᯏળߣߥߞߚޕߎߩ࡞࡯࡞ߩዉ౉ߦ ࠃࠅޔ⚳⋚ߩࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ࡯࡞ࠪ࠴ࡘࠛ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߢߪޔ㜞ߐ߇ഠࠆ࠴࡯ࡓߦ߽ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍᓧࠆ ࠴ࡖࡦࠬ߇ߢ߈ߚߚ߼ޔᵹࠇࠍᄌ߃ࠆ࠴ࡖࡦࠬߦߥࠆߎߣߪ⸒߁߹ߢ߽ߥ޿ޕធᚢߢ⚳⋚ ࠍ߻߆߃ߚ㓙ߦߪޔߎߩ࡞࡯࡞߇⚿ᨐࠍᏀฝߔࠆߎߣ߽චಽߦ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆߩߢ޽ࠆޕ ߐࠄߦᅚሶߩ૶↪ߔࠆࡏ࡯࡞ߩᄢ߈ߐ߇ޔ㜞╬ቇᩞએ਄  ภࡏ࡯࡞ߢ޽ߞߚ߽ߩ߇ޔਛ ቇ↢߇૶↪ߒߡ޿ߚ  ภࡏ࡯࡞߳ߣޔዊߐ޿߽ߩߦᄌᦝߐࠇߚޕߎߩᄌᦝߢᦼᓙߐࠇࠆߎ ߣߪޔᅚሶߩࡏ࡯࡞ࡂࡦ࠼࡝ࡦࠣ߇ኈᤃߦߥࠅޔࡄࠬ࿁ߒ߇ࠃࠅࠬࡇ࡯࠺ࠖ࡯ߦߥࠆߎߣ ߿ޔ ࡐࠗࡦ࠻ࠪࡘ࡯࠻ߩ࠴ࡖࡦࠬ߇ᐢ߇ࠆߎߣߢ޽ࠈ߁ޕࡏ࡯࡞߽⨥⦡ߩ  ᨎࡄࡀ࡞߆ ࠄ⨥⦡ߣࠢ࡝࡯ࡓ⦡  ⦡ߩว⸘  ᨎࡄࡀ࡞ߩࡏ࡯࡞߇⹺߼ࠄࠇޔㆬᚻ߿ⷰቴߦࡏ࡯࡞ߩ࿁ ォ߿゠㆏߇ࠊ߆ࠅ߿ߔߊߥߞߚޕ  ᐕᓟߩ  ᐕߦߪߐࠄߦᡷᱜ߇޽ߞߚޕࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ࡯࡞ߪ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ߩߺߣߥߞߚ ߎߣޔ╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼߽ࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ࠍណ↪ߔࠆߎߣߣߥߞߚߎ ߣޔ ⑽࡞࡯࡞ߦޟࡈࡠࡦ࠻ࠦ࡯࠻ߢࡏ࡯࡞ࠍࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ߒߡ޿ࠆߎߣޠ߇᧦ઙߣߒߡ ടࠊߞߚߚ߼ࡏ࡯࡞߇ࡃ࠶ࠢࠦ࡯࠻ߦ޽ࠆᤨߪ  ⑽ߩࡃࠗࠝ࡟࡯࡚ࠪࡦ߇ᚑ┙ߒߥ޿ߣߥ ߞߚߎߣߢ޽ࠆޕ߹ߚޔ ⑽࡞࡯࡞ߦࠃࠆࠬࠦࠕ࡜࡯ߩว࿑ߢߚ߮ߚ߮ࠥ࡯ࡓ߇ਛᢿߐࠇ ࠆߎߣߩߥ޿ࠃ߁ޔክ್ߩ್ᢿߢޔⓨਛߦ޽ࠆࡏ࡯࡞߇ߤߜࠄߩ࠴࡯ࡓߩࡏ࡯࡞ߦߥࠆ߆ ⷗ዯߌޔ⛯ⴕ߆ᱛ߼ࠆ߆ࠍ᳿߼ࠆߎߣߦ߽ߥߞߚޕ

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ߎࠇࠄߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߪޔࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ⷗ߖࠆߎߣࠍᗧ⼂ߒߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅޔή↪ߦ ૗ᐲ߽ࠥ࡯ࡓࠍᱛ߼ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ゲߣߒߡ⠨߃ࠄࠇޔߘࠇ߹ߢり㐳ߩ㜞޿⠪ࠍ㓸߼ߡޔ㜞޿ ૏⟎ߢࡊ࡟࡯ࠍߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ߈ߡ޿ߚࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߦౣ߮ࠬࡇ࡯࠼ᗵࠍขࠅᚯߒޔ ࠥ࡯ࡓ⥄૕ࠍ࡚ࠪ࡯ࠕ࠶ࡊߔࠆ⋡⊛ࠍᜬߞߡ޿ߚ௑ะߦ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ 

㧠㧚࡞࡯࡞ߩ๟⍮ᣇᴺ㧔ਃ㊀⋵ౝߩ⃻ᓎᢎ⻀ߩ⹤ࠍరߦ㧕



 ᢎ⢒⃻႐

ਃ㊀⋵ౝߩਛቇᩞ࡮㜞╬ቇᩞߩߘࠇߙࠇ⃻ᓎᢎ⻀ߢ޽ࠆࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ㇱߩ㘈໧ߦ⹤ ࠍ⡞޿ߚߣߎࠈޔ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝᓟߩવ㆐ᣇᴺߪ৻⥸⊛ߦᰴߩࠃ߁ߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆޕ ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ㘈໧ળ⼏ߢ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩવ㆐߇޽ࠅޔ㘈໧ᢎ⻀߆ࠄࠢ࡜ࡉຬߦኻߒ ߡવ㆐ߔࠆޕᾲᔃߥ㘈໧ߪޔ㘈໧ળ⼏એᄖߦ߽ޔᲤᐕⴕࠊࠇࠆࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ክ್⻠⠌ ળߦ⥄ਥ⊛ߦෳടߒޔᣂߒ޿ᖱႎࠍᓧߡ޿ࠆޕ ࠢ࡜ࡉߦᚲዻߒߡ޿ߥ޿↢ᓤ߳ߩવ㆐ߪޔࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ㇱ㘈໧߇૕⢒ᢎ⻀ߢ޽ࠆ႐ วޔ᝼ᬺߩਛߢᄢ߹߆ߦ⍮ࠄߖࠆߎߣ߽޽ࠆ߇ޔ૕⢒ᢎ⻀ห჻ߢߩീᒝળ╬ߪⴕߞߡ޿ߥ ޿ޕࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ㇱ㘈໧߇૕⢒ᢎ⻀ߢߥ޿႐วޔ⹤ߩਛߢઁߩᢎ⻀ߦ⍮ࠄߖࠆߎߣ߽ ޽ࠆ߇ޔࡊ࡝ࡦ࠻ߩ㈩Ꮣ߿⻠⠌╬ߪⴕࠊߥ޿ޕ૕⢒ᢎ⻀߽ኾ㐷⒳⋡߇ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞એ ᄖߩ႐วޔో↢ᓤߦ⹦ߒߊ⺑᣿ߔࠆߎߣߪ㕖Ᏹߦ߻ߕ߆ߒߊޔᲤᐕᄌࠊࠆᢎ᧚ߩਛߦขࠅ ౉ࠇࠄࠇߚㇱಽߦߟ޿ߡߪᜰዉߔࠆ߇ޔᢎ᧚ߦࠃࠆ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩᜰዉౝኈ߇⋓ࠅㄟ߹ࠇߡ ޿ߥ޿႐วߪߘߩߎߣߦ⸅ࠇߥ޿ޔߣ޿߁ߎߣߢ޽ߞߚޕ ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩࠢ࡜ࡉຬߢߥ޿↢ᓤߪޔࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ㇱߦᚲዻߒߡ޿ࠆ෹ੱߦ ⹤㗴ߣߒߡ⡞ߊ߆ޔભᙑᤨ㑆ਛߩㆆ߮ࠍㅢߓߡᖱႎࠍᓧߡ޿ࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠆࠃ߁ߦᕁࠊࠇࠆޕ

 ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞දળ

ᣣᧄࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞දળߦ⊓㍳ߒߡ޿ࠆ࠴࡯ࡓߦߪޔోᣣᧄࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞දળࠍ ߪߓ߼ޔฦ࿾ၞࡉࡠ࠶ࠢߩදળޔㇺ㆏ᐭ⋵ߩදળޔᏒ↸᧛ߩදળ߳ߣ㗅ᰴવ㆐߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆ ߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ࠆޕදળߦᚲዻߒߡ޿ࠆ࠴࡯ࡓߩઍ⴫ߪ⻠⠌ળ╬ߢᜰዉ߇޽ࠅޔࡊ࡝ࡦ࠻ ╬ࠍᓧࠆᯏળ߇޽ࠆ߇ޔߘߩ࠴࡯ࡓߦᚲዻߔࠆࡔࡦࡃ࡯ߪޔ⥄࠴࡯ࡓߩઍ⴫⠪߆ࠄ⺑᣿ࠍ ฃߌࠆߎߣߣߥࠆޕ



㧡㧚࡞࡯࡞ߩ๟⍮ᐲ㧔ᧄቇቇ↢߳ߩࠕࡦࠤ࡯࠻⺞ᩏࠍరߦ㧕



 ⺞ᩏኻ⽎෸߮⺞ᩏᣇᴺ

 ᐕᓟᦼߦ૕⢒ࠍฃ⻠ߒߡ޿ࠆቇ↢  ฬࠍኻ⽎ߦޔࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߦ㑐ߔࠆࠕࡦ ࠤ࡯࠻ࠍታᣉߒޔᤨ㑆ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࡞࡯࡞ߦߟ޿ߡ⾰໧ࠍߒߚޕ⾰໧ౝኈߪᰴߩ  㗄⋡ߢޔౝ

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ኈ߇ᱜߒ޿߆ุ߆ࠍ٤˜ᣇᑼߢ⸃╵ߔࠆࠃ߁ᜰ␜ߒߚޕ ࡮ ⑽࡞࡯࡞ߣߪޔࡏ࡯࡞ࠍࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ߒߡ޿ࠆ࠴࡯ࡓߩࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯߇⋧ᚻߩࡃࠬࠤ ࠶࠻ߦㄭ޿೙㒢඙ၞౝߦ  ⑽ࠍ⿥߃ߡߣߤ߹ࠆߎߣߪ಴᧪ߥ޿ߎߣࠍ޿߁ޕ ࡮ ⑽ߩ೙㒢ߣߪޔࠬࡠ࡯ࠗࡦࠍⴕ߁႐วޔክ್߆ࠄࡏ࡯࡞ࠍฃߌขߞߚᓟޔ㧡⑽એౝ ߦࡏ࡯࡞߆ࠄᚻࠍ㔌ߐߥߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ߎߣߢޔઁߦߪߥ޿ޕ㧔ࠬࡠ࡯ࠗࡦએᄖߦ߽ࡄ ߽ࠬ࠼࡝ࡉ࡞߽ߢ߈ߥ޿ߣ߈ߦ  ⑽ߩ೙㒢߇ㆡ↪ߐࠇࠆޕ㧕 ࡮ࡃ࠶ࠢࠦ࡯࠻ߢࡏ࡯࡞ࠍࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ߒߡ߆ࠄޔ ⑽એౝߦࡈࡠࡦ࠻ࠦ࡯࠻߳ㅴ߼ߥ ߌࠇ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ޕ㧔 ⑽એౝ㧕 ࡮ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍࠦࡦ࠻ࡠ࡯࡞ߒߚ࠴࡯ࡓߪޔߘߩ⍍㑆߆ࠄ  ⑽એౝߦࠪࡘ࡯࠻ࠍⴕࠊߥߌࠇ ߫ߥࠄߥ޿ޕ ࡮৻⥸ߩࠥ࡯ࡓᤨ㑆ߪޔ ಽ㑆ߩࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ࠍ  ࿁ⴕ޿ޔ╙ ࡮╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ࠍ೨ඨޔ╙ ࡮╙  ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼ࠍᓟඨߣ޿߁ޕ㧔 ࡇ࡝ࠝ࠼  ಽ㧕 ߹ߚޔ ᐕࠃࠅࠬ࠲࡯࠻ߒߚޟࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ޠߦߟ޿ߡߪޔ ޟࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ߣߪޔߎࠇ߹ߢࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ࡯࡞ߢࠥ࡯ࡓࠍౣ 㐿ߔࠆߎߣߦߥߞߡ޿ߚ⁁ᴫߦ߅޿ߡޔࠫࡖࡦࡊࡏ࡯࡞ࠍⴕࠊߕߦࠬࡠ࡯ࠗࡦߢࠥ࡯ࡓࠍ ౣ㐿ߔࠆߎߣࠍⷙቯߒߚ࡞࡯࡞ޠ㧞㧕 ߢ޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⺑᣿ᢥߢ␜ߒߚ਄ߢޔℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ࠆ߆ ุ߆ߦߟ޿ߡ⾰໧ߒߚޕ

 ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐ

࿁╵⠪ߪ  ฬ߇ᄖ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢㧔ਛ࿖  ฬޔࡌ࠻࠽ࡓ  ฬޔ㖧࿖  ฬޔࡑ࡟࡯ࠪࠕ  ฬ㧕 ߢ޽ࠅޔ ฬ߇ᣣᧄੱቇ↢ߢ޽ߞߚޕᐕ㦂⊛ߦߪᄙዋ߫ࠄߟ߈߇᦭ࠆ߽ߩߩޔ᭎ߨ  ᱦ 㨪 ᱦߢ޽ߞߚޕ㜞╬ቇᩞ߹ߢߦࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ࠢ࡜ࡉߦᚲዻߒߡ޿ߚ⚻㛎ߩ޽ࠆቇ↢ ߇⊝ήߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ޔࠢ࡜ࡉ⚻㛎⠪ߣ৻⥸ߩᲧセࠍߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ߆ߞߚ߇ޔో૕ߩᱜ⸃ ₸ߪ᭎ߨ⚊ᓧߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߢ޽ߞߚޕ



㧢㧚⠨ኤ



 㓸⸘⚿ᨐ

ᤨ㑆ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࡞࡯࡞ߩ๟⍮ᐲߦߟ޿ߡߪޔᣣᧄੱቇ↢ߣᄖ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢ߣߩ㑆ߦ᦭ᗧᏅߪ ⷗ࠄࠇߥ߆ߞߚޕᧄቇߩ⇐ቇ↢ߦߪࠕࠫࠕ࿤߆ࠄ᧪ߡ޿ࠆቇ↢߇ᄙ޿ߎߣ߿ޔ࿖㓙ࡃࠬࠤ ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ㅪ⋖ߩ᳿ቯࠍฃߌߡฦ࿖ߢ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝࠍⴕ߁ߚ߼ޔᄌᦝߐࠇߚ࡞࡯࡞ߩᤨᦼߦ ޽߹ࠅᏅ߇ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ુ߃ࠆޕߒߚ߇ߞߡ੹࿁ߪޔᤨ㑆ߦ㑐ߔࠆ๟⍮ᐲ㧔2004 ᐕએ೨ߩ࡞ ࡯࡞㧕ߣࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞㧔2004 ᐕએ㒠ߩ࡞࡯࡞㧕ߩ๟⍮ᐲߣಽߌ ߡ⠨߃ࠆ߽ߩߣߒߚޕ

 ᤨ㑆ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࡞࡯࡞ߩ๟⍮ᐲ

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ᣣᧄੱቇ↢ߣᄖ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢ߩᲧセߢ޽ࠆ߇ޔ࿑㧝ߩߣ߅ࠅᱜ⸃₸ߦߪᏅ߇޽ࠆ߽ߩߩޔ ℂ⸃ᐲߪหߓ௑ะߦ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕߚߛߒޔ ⑽ߩ೙㒢ߦ㑐ߒߡ⺑᣿ᢥ߇ᣣᧄ⺆ߢ޽ ߞߚߚ߼ߦޔ೙㒢ߣ޿߁⸒⪲ߦߥߓߺߩߥ޿ߎߣ߆ࠄޔ࡞࡯࡞⥄૕ߩᗧ๧ࠍ⠨߃ࠄࠇߥ߆ ߞߚน⢻ᕈ߇޽ࠅޔ⾰໧ᢥߦ໧㗴߇޽ߞߚߣផ᷹ߐࠇࠆޕ ᱜ⸃₸ 㪇 㪈㪇 㪉㪇 㪊㪇 㪋㪇 㪌㪇 㪍㪇 㪎㪇 䋳⑽䊦 䊷䊦 䋵⑽ 䈱೙㒢 䋸⑽ 䊦䊷 䊦 䋲䋴 ⑽䊦 䊷䊦 䉭䊷 䊛䈱 ᤨ㑆 䋦 㪇 㪈㪇 㪉㪇 㪊㪇 㪋㪇 㪌㪇 㪍㪇 㪎㪇 ᣣᧄੱቇ↢ ᄖ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢ ో૕ᐔဋ ࿑㧝 ᣣᧄੱቇ↢ߣᄖ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ↢ߩᱜ⸃₸ߩᲧセ 



 ௑ะ

 ࡊ࡟࡯ߩᅢ߈ህ޿ߣ࡞࡯࡞ߩ๟⍮ᐲߪޔ࿑㧞ߩߣ߅ࠅ᦭ᗧᏅߪ⷗ࠄࠇߥ޿ޕᄖ࿖ੱ⇐ቇ ↢ߦ㈩ᘦߒޔ⸃╵ࠍ٤˜ᣇᑼߢⴕߞߚߚ߼ޔታ㓙ߦߪℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ߥߊߡ߽ᱜ⸃ߣߥߞߚ⸃ ╵߇޽ࠆߎߣࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡ߽ޔᱜ⸃₸ߩ௑ะߪหߓߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ ᱜ⸃₸ 㪇 㪈㪇 㪉㪇 㪊㪇 㪋㪇 㪌㪇 㪍㪇 㪎㪇 㪏㪇 䋳⑽ 䊦䊷 䊦 䋵⑽ 䈱೙㒢 䋸⑽ 䊦䊷 䊦 䋲䋴⑽ 䊦䊷 䊦 䉭䊷 䊛䈱 ᤨ㑆 䋦 䊒䊧䊷䈜䉎䈖䈫䈏ᅢ䈐 䈭䉫䊦䊷䊒 䊒䊧䊷䉕⷗䉎䈖䈫䈏ᅢ 䈐䈭䉫䊦䊷䊒 䊋䉴䉬䉾䊃䈏ህ䈇䈭䉫 䊦䊷䊒 ࿑㧞 ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩᅢ߈ህ޿ߣᱜ⸃₸ߩᲧセ



 ᖱႎ

 㔀⹹߿Ẃ↹ޔ࠹࡟ࡆޔ㧼㧯╬ߢࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩᖱႎࠍᓧࠆࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߣޔోߊ⥝๧ߩ

(10)

ߥ޿ࠣ࡞࡯ࡊߩᲧセࠍⴕߞߚ߇ޔ࿑㧟ߩߣ߅ࠅߎߜࠄ߽ᱜ⸃₸ߩ௑ะߪหߓߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ ࠄࠇࠆޕ ᱜ⸃₸ 㪇 㪈㪇 㪉㪇 㪊㪇 㪋㪇 㪌㪇 㪍㪇 㪎㪇 㪏㪇 䋳⑽ 䊦䊷 䊦 䋵⑽䈱೙ 㒢 䋸⑽ 䊦䊷 䊦 䋲䋴 ⑽䊦 䊷䊦 䉭䊷 䊛䈱 ᤨ㑆 䋦 䊋䉴䉬䉾䊃䈱㪫㪭䊶㔀 ⹹䊶Ẃ↹䉕⷗䉎 ⥝๧䈏䈭䈇 ࿑㧟 ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞߳ߩ⥝๧ߣᱜ⸃₸ߩᲧセ



 ࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ߩ๟⍮ᐲ

 ࿑㧠ߩߣ߅ࠅޔℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ࠆቇ↢ߪ  ฬߩ 㧑ߦߒ߆ߔ߉ߥ߆ߞߚޕ⹦ߒߊߪࠊ߆ࠄ ߥ޿߽ߩߩޔ࡞࡯࡞ߩሽ࿷ࠍ⍮ߞߡ޿ࠆቇ↢߇ 㧑ޔోߊ⍮ࠄߥ޿ቇ↢߇ 㧑ߢ޽ߞߚޕ    㪉㩼 㪉㪈㩼 㪎㪎㩼 ℂ⸃䈚䈩䈇䉎 ዋ䈚⍮䈦䈩䈇䉎 ⍮䉌䈭䈇  ࿑㧠 ࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ߩ⹺⍮ᐲ 

 ࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ߩᖱႎߪߤߎ߆ࠄ߆

  ߦ߅޿ߡޔℂ⸃ߒߡ޿ࠆߣ╵߃ߚቇ↢ߣޔዋߒߪ⍮ߞߡ޿ࠆߣ╵߃ߚቇ↢ࠍวࠊߖߚ 㧑ߩቇ↢ࠍኻ⽎ߦ૗ߦࠃࠅ⍮ߞߚ߆ࠍߚߕߨߚߣߎࠈޔ࿑㧡ߩߣ߅ࠅޔ࠹࡟ࡆ࡮ࠗࡦ࠲

(11)

࡯ࡀ࠶࠻߇ᦨ߽ᄙߊޔ⛯޿ߡ㜞╬ቇᩞߩ૕⢒ޔ෹ੱ߆ࠄߣ޿߁⚿ᨐߢ޽ߞߚޕ 㪉㪋㩼 㪎㩼 㪈㪐㩼 㪊㪈㩼 㪈㪉㩼 㪌㩼 㪉㩼 㜞ᩞ䈱૕⢒ 㜞ᩞ䈱䉪䊤䊑 ෹ੱ䈎䉌 䊁䊧䊎䌉䌔 㔀⹹䇮䊦䊷䊦䊑䉾䉪 ૗䈫䈭䈒 䈠䈱ઁ  ࿑㧡 ࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ߩᖱႎࠍᓧߚߣߎࠈ

 ⚿ᨐ

 ⑽࡞࡯࡞ޔ ⑽࡞࡯࡞ޔ ⑽࡞࡯࡞ߪ  ᐕ߆ࠄᄌᦝߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ࡞࡯࡞ߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ޔ ᐕ㦂⊛ߦ⠨߃ߡ߽ޔਛቇᩞߢೋ߼ߡࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ᝼ᬺߢⴕ߁ᤨ߆ࠄߔߢߦ࡞࡯࡞ ߪቯ⌕ߒߡ޿ߚߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕᰴߦޔ ⑽ߩ೙㒢ߦߟ޿ߡߢ޽ࠆ߇ޔ⴫⃻ࠍ  ⑽࡞࡯࡞ ߣᦠߌ߽߫߁ዋߒᱜ⸃₸ߪ਄߇ߞߚ߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿ޕ ⑽ߩ೙㒢ߣ޿߁↪⺆ߦߥߞߚߎߣ ⥄૕߇ᦨㄭߢ޽ࠆߚ߼ޔ࡞࡯࡞ࠃࠅ߽⸒⪲ߦߥߓߺ߇ߥߊޔᱜ⸃₸߇ૐ߆ߞߚ߽ߩߣ⠨ ߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ߹ߚޔࠥ࡯ࡓᤨ㑆ߦ㑐ߒߡߪޔ૕⢒ߩ᝼ᬺߢᱜⷙߩࠥ࡯ࡓᤨ㑆ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪ ήℂ߇޽ࠆߚ߼ޔ᝼ᬺ⁛⥄ߩᤨ㑆ࠍណ↪ߒߡ޿ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆߎߣޔ߹ߚ࠹࡟ࡆ╬ߢࡃࠬ ࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ࠍ⷗ࠆᯏળ߇޽ߞߚߣߒߡ߽ޔᣣᧄߩࠥ࡯ࡓߣࠕࡔ࡝ࠞߩࡊࡠࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ ࡏ࡯࡞ߢߪᤨ㑆ߦ㆑޿߇޽ࠆߚ߼ޔᱜᑼߥ߽ߩࠍ⍮ࠆᯏળ߽ዋߥ޿ߣᕁࠊࠇࠆޕ ࠝ࡞࠲ࡀࠗ࠹ࠖࡦࠣࡐ࠯࡚ࠪࡦ࡮࡞࡯࡞ߦߟ޿ߡߪޔ ᐕߦᣣᧄࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ දળ߇ណ↪ߒߚ࡞࡯࡞ߢ޽ࠅޔࠢ࡜ࡉ㑐ଥ⠪એᄖߦߪޔ޽߹ࠅᶐㅘߒߡ޿ߥ޿࡞࡯࡞ߢ ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ੹ᓟޔᢎ⑼ᦠ╬ߢขࠅ਄ߍࠄࠇࠆߎߣߦߥࠇ߫ޔ޽ࠆ⒟ᐲߩ๟⍮₸ ࠕ࠶ࡊߦ❬߇ࠆߣᕁ߁߇ޔ⃻ⴕߢߪ߶ߣࠎߤ๟⍮ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿ߎߣ߇ુ߃ࠆޕ

㧣㧚⚿⺰



ࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢᙗ┨ߩ಴႐⾗ᩰ߆ࠄޟࠕࡑ࠴ࡘࠕޠߣ޿߁ᢥሼࠍᶖߒ෰ࠅޔࠬࡐ࡯࠷ࡆࠫ ࡀࠬߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩቢᚑᐲࠍ৻Ბߣ㜞߼ߚ  ᐕߩࡠࠨࡦ࠯࡞ࠬࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢ߆ࠄޔᄢળߦ ໡ᬺ⾗ᧄࠍዉ౉ߒޔ᳃༡ࠝ࡝ࡦࡇ࠶ࠢࠍᦨೋߦᚑഞߐߖߚޕ᡼ㅍᮭᢱߩ᭎ᔨߪߎߩᄢળߢ ⏕┙ߐࠇߚޕߘߩᓟޔᄙߊߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷ᄢળ߿ฦ⒳ࠬࡐ࡯࠷࿅૕෸߮࠴࡯ࡓߩ⾗㊄ឭଏߔࠆ ߦ෸ࠎߢ޿ࠆޕ᡼ㅍᮭߦᢱ㊄߇⊒↢ߔࠆߣ⸒߁ߎߣߪޔડᬺ߆ࠄ⷗ߚ႐วޔࡔࠫࡖ࡯ߥࠬ ࡐ࡯࠷ޔ⷗ߡᭉߒ޿ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߦੱ᳇߇㓸ਛߔࠆߣ⸒߁ߎߣࠍᗧ๧ߒߡ޿ࠆޕᓥߞߡߘࠇߙ

(12)

ࠇߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷߇ޔㆬᚻߩߚ߼ߩ࡞࡯࡞߆ࠄޔⷰቴߦ⷗ߖࠆ࡞࡯࡞߳ߣᄌᦝߖߑࠆࠍᓧߥߊ ߥߞߚ⢛᥊ߣ⸒߃ࠆߛࠈ߁ޕࡀ࠶࠻ဳߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷ߪ᡼ㅍߒߡ޿ߡ߽Ყセ⊛ࠊ߆ࠅ߿ߔߊޔ ὐᢙ߽ℂ⸃ߒ߿ߔ޿ޕࠨ࠶ࠞ࡯ޔ࡜ࠣࡆ࡯ߥߤ߽Ყセ⊛ࡑࠬࡔ࠺ࠖࠕߦࠃࠆ᡼ᤋ߇޽ࠅޔ ᓧὐ߽ࠊ߆ࠅ߿ߔ޿ߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁ޕ৻ᣇޔࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߪᦨೋߦㅀߴߚࠃ߁ߦޔᓧὐߒ ߚᤨߦ߽ࠥ࡯ࡓ߇ᱛ߹ࠆߎߣ߇ߥߊޔᓧὐ߽  ὐޔ ὐޔ ὐߣࠪࡘ࡯࠻ߦࠃࠅหߓߢߥ޿ ߎߣ߿ޔክ್߇็޿ߚ╍ߩᗧ๧߇૗ߢ޽ߞߚߩ߆ߥߤޔ࡞࡯࡞ࠍᾫ⍮ߒߡ޿ߥ޿ߣℂ⸃ߒ ߇ߚ޿ߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁ޕࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ⚻㛎⠪ߢ޽ߞߡ߽ޔ⃻࿷ߩ⹜วࠍ⷗ࠇ߫ℂ⸃ߢ߈ ߥ޿ߎߣ߽ᄙ޿ߢ޽ࠈ߁ޕ⷗ߖࠆߎߣࠍᗧ⼂ߔࠆߥࠄ߫ޔⷰቴߣߥߞߡߊࠇࠆ␠ળ߳ߩ๟ ⍮ᣇᴺ߇㊀ⷐߢ޽ࠅޔ⺖㗴ߢ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩᵹࠇࠍ⷗ࠆߣޔ ᐕ㨪 ᐕߪ㜞ߐࠃࠅᣧߐࠍᒝ⺞ ߒޔ߿߿ⷰቴࠍᗧ⼂ߒߡ޿ࠆ߽ߩߩࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ┹ᛛᕈࠍ㜞߼ࠆߚ߼ߩ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝ ߢ޽ࠅޔክ್߿ࡊ࡟࡯ࡗ࡯ߩ┹ᛛᛛⴚࠍะ਄ߐߖࠆߎߣߦਥ⌒߇߅߆ࠇߚ߇ޔ໡ᬺ⾗ᧄߩ ዉ౉ߦࠃࠅޔ ᐕએ㒠ߪⷰቴ߆ࠄ⷗ߚ㝯ജߩะ਄ߦਥ⌒߇⒖ߐࠇߚࠃ߁ߦ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕ ᢎ⢒⃻႐ߦ߅ߌࠆࠬࡐ࡯࠷࡞࡯࡞ߩᢎ⢒ߦ㑐ߔࠆ⺖㗴ߪޔએ೨ࠃࠅ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝᓟߩ๟⍮ ᣇᴺ߿ߘߩᤨᦼߦ޽ࠆߣ⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆޕߘ߁ߒߚ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩᗧ๧ࠍฃߌޔߘߩߚ߼ߦᣧᦼ ߦᄌᦝὐࠍવ㆐ߔࠆ૕೙ߠߊࠅߦขࠅ⚵ࠎߢ޿ߊᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆޕኅᐸߢ࠹࡟ࡆ᡼ᤋࠍ⷗ࠆߎ ߣޔࠗࡦ࠲࡯ࡀ࠶࠻ߢ⷗ࠆߎߣࠍ᥉෸ߐߖࠃ߁ߣ⠨߃ࠇ߫ޔᄌᦝὐࠍᣧᦼߦ⊒ାߔߴ߈ߢ ޽ࠅޔߘߩ৻⽾ߣߒߡᢎ⢒⃻႐߇ߘࠇࠍᜂ߁ߎߣߢޔሶଏࠍㅢߓߡኅᐸߢߩ࡞࡯࡞ߩℂ⸃ ߦ❬߇ࠅޔߘߎ߆ࠄߐࠄߦᐢ߇ࠅ߇ᦼᓙߢ߈ࠆ߆ࠄߢ޽ࠆޕࠢ࡜ࡉߦᚲዻߒߡ޿ࠆ৻ីࠅ ߩੱ㑆ߦߛߌߒ߆࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩવ㆐ࠍⴕࠊߥߌࠇ߫ޔ๟⍮ߩ▸࿐ߪᐢ߇ࠅࠍ⷗ߖߥ޿ޕߘ ߒߡߘࠇߪ࡞࡯࡞ᄌᦝߩ⋡⊛ߦߘߋࠊߥ޿ߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ ㄭᐕޔࡔ࠺ࠖࠕ߇ࠬࡐ࡯࠷ࠍᅢߺޔߚߊߐࠎߩࠬࡐ࡯࠷㑐ㅪ⇟⚵߇޽ࠆޕ࠺ࠫ࠲࡞᡼ㅍ ൻߐࠇࠆ  ᐕߦߪߐࠄߦᄙߊߩ⇟⚵ࠍ⷗ࠆᯏળࠍᓧࠃ߁ޕߘࠇ߹ߢߦޔᅤ૗ߦᄌᦝߐࠇ ߚ࡞࡯࡞ࠍࠊ߆ࠅ߿ߔߊᶐㅘߐߖࠆ߆ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣߪᕆോߢ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁ޕߎࠇߪࡃ ࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߦ㒢ߞߚߎߣߢߪߥ޿߇ޔࠬ࠲࡯ㆬᚻࠍ↢ߺ಴ߒߡ⹜วߘߩ߽ߩࠍࡔࠫࡖ ࡯ߦߔࠆᔅⷐ߽޽ࠆ߇ޔ㝯ജ޽ࠆ࡞࡯࡞ࠍᢎ⢒⃻႐ߢ⧯޿਎ઍߦવ㆐ߒޔ᣿ᣣߩࠬ࠲࡯ㆬ ᚻߩߺߥࠄߕޔᾲᔃߥⷰቴࠍ⢒ߡࠆᔅⷐᕈࠍᗵߓߡ޿ࠆޕ ᵈ 㧝 㧕 ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ᜰዉᢎᧄ2007 ࠃࠅᒁ↪ 㧞㧕 ࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ࡞࡯࡞ߣክ್ᴺ2004 ࠃࠅᒁ↪ ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ 㒙ㇱື਽࡮ᧁ⪲৻✚    ޟࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ߩ࡞࡯࡞ߣክ್ᴺޠ  ᄢୃ㙚㧔㨪㧕 ᣣᧄࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞දળ ޟࡃࠬࠤ࠶࠻ࡏ࡯࡞ᜰዉᢎᧄޠ      ᄢୃ㙚㧔㧕 ╅↰ᰵᴦ⋙⸶       ޟ࠻࡜ࠗࠕࡦࠣ࡞ࠝࡈࠚࡦࠬޠ      ᄢୃ㙚㧔㧕 ᄢቇ↢ߩஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ⎇ⓥળ ޟᄢቇ↢ߩஜᐽ࡮ࠬࡐ࡯࠷⑼ቇ ᡷ⸓ ޠP212 ㆏๺ᦠ㒮㧔㧕

参照

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