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抗精神病薬服用者における女性化乳房・乳汁分泌についての検討

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232 四国医誌 55 巻6号 232 ~332 D ECEM B E R 2,5 1999 (平11 )

プ口シーディング(第

3

回徳島医学会賞受賞論文)

抗精神病薬服用者における女性化乳房・乳汁分泌、についての検討

兼 田 康 宏l,藤 井 l医療法人藤井病院精神神経科 2徳島大学医学部分子栄養学講座 3徳島大学医療技術短期大学部看護学科 4徳島大学医学部神経精神医学教室 (平成11 年11 月8 日受付) 哲l

,山 岡

女性化乳房の原因の l っとして,抗精神病薬投与が知 られている(Ca rl so n, H.E . : .N E ng l.

.

J

M ed., 303 : 759 79,9 1980 。 我々は,規則正 しい服薬が行われている抗) 精神病薬服用者(以下,服用者)において,女性化乳房 及び乳汁分泌の有無と その神経内分泌学的背景につき調 査した。 方 法 女性化乳房は, 直径2cm 以上の硬結とした。対象は全 て男性で,服用者100 名,抗精神病薬の服用歴の無い健 常者50 名であった。全対象者から, infr m ed co o nse nt を 得た。 結 果 1 . 女性化乳房は,服用者群において2人(2 %)認 めたが,健常者群では認めなかった。2. 乳汁分泌は, 服用 者群及び健常者群と もに認めなか った。.3 血清 p r o nilatc (PRL) 値は,女性化乳房 を認めない服用者群 (n = 55 )が健常者群(n = 35 )より有意に高かったが, 孝2, 森 本 忠 興3,永 峰 動4 血中u tle inz ii gn horm one, flcillo lue-mits atni g hor m o,en tesots teron e (T ), es tr adi ol (E z)値 及 び 血 中T /Ez比 は,両群間で有意差を認めなかった。4 . 女性化乳房を 認めた2 人の平均血中 T /E z比は,女性化乳房 を認めな い服用者群より高い傾向にあ った。 結 圭五回口 抗精神病薬が女性化乳房を誘発する機序として,高 PRL 血症を介し たgona dot rosnip の抑制(F ra,skn S .. et al. :

.

J

l iC.n E nd oc rni . , 8 : 2ol 7-2877 , 1978 )が考えられ ている 。本研究結果より,(1 )女性化乳房は,抗精神 病薬の副作用としては,頻度の低いものであること, ( 2)男性にお ける乳汁分泌、は,抗精神病薬の副作用と しては,さら に頻度の低いも のであること ,そして ,(3 ) 女性化乳房は,米国人(Nautt l ,F .Q .: l

.

J

C li n. Endocr ino l. M ea bt . , 48 : 383 -3,04 1997 )と違い,日本人において一 般的ではないこと,が示唆された。抗精神病薬と女性化 乳房の関連性を明らかにするためには,さらに症例の蓄 積が必要と 考えられた。

(2)

233

Neither gynecomastia nor galactorrhea is a common side effect of neuroleptics in male

patients

Yasuhiro Kaneda

1

,

Akira Fujii

1,

Takashi Yamaoka

2,

Tadaoki Morimoto

3,

and Isao Nagamine

4

1 Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fujii Hospital, Anan City; 2 Otsuka Department of Clinical and Molecular Nutrition, The

University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Tokushima; 3 Department of Nursing, School of Medical Sciences, The

University of Tokushima, Tokushima ; and 4 Department of Neuropsychiatry, The University of Tokushima School of Medicine,

Tokushima

Gynecomastia is known to be a side effect of neuroleptics. The authors investigated the prevalence of gynecomastia and galactorrhea in a group of regularly neuroleptic-treated male patients.

Methods:

Gynecomastia was defined as a palpable, discrete button of firm subareolar tissue measuring at least 2 cm in diameter. The subjects were 100 male patients who were taking neuroleptic-treatment regularly. Each patient gave informed consent for the research involved in this study.

Results:

( 1) Palpable gynecomastia was present in 2% of the patient group, but not at all in the normal group. ( 2) Galactorrhea was not present in either patient or normal group. ( 3) The mean level of the serum prolactin in the group of patients without gynecomastia was significantly higher than that in the normal group, but there was no significant difference in blood luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone (T), estradiol (E 2) or T / E2 ratio between the groups. ( 4) The mean level of the T / E2 ratio in the patients with gynecomastia was tended to be higher than that in the group of patients without gynecomastia.

Conclusions :

Overall, theseresults seem to indicate that (i) gynecomastia is not popular in the Japanese population, and (ii) in male patients, neither palpable gynecomastia nor galactorrhea is a common side effect of neuroleptics. To clarify the relation between gynecomastia and neuroleptic treatment, large prospective studies are required.

Key words: estradiol, galactorrhea, gonadotropins, gynecomastia, neuroleptics, prolactin, testosterone

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