Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ㄽᩥ㞟 Vol. 4㸦2010ᖺ7᭶㸧
ఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࢆά⏝ࡋࡓᆅᇦ㜵⅏ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ
ᵓ⠏ྥࡅࡓᐇド◊✲
㹼⠛ᒣᕷ⠛ᒣ㔜ఏᘓᆅ༊ࢆᑐ㇟ࡋ࡚㹼
Positive Research Toward the Planning of the Regional Information Network for Disaster
Mitigation which Utilized a Residential Fire Alarm
-Case Study on Sasayama Important Preservation Districts for Groups of Historic
Buildings-῝⏣ு
1࣭❑அ
2Ryosuke Fukada and Takeyuki Okubo
1❧㤋Ꮫ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㒔ᕷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧 Student, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
2❧㤋Ꮫᩍᤵ ⌮ᕤᏛ㒊㒔ᕷࢩࢫࢸ࣒ᕤᏛ⛉㸦ࠛ525-8577 ㈡┴ⲡὠᕷ㔝㊰ᮾ1-1-1㸧 Professor, Ritsumeikan University, Dept. of Civil Engineering
The spread of fire in the densely-built urban area that occurs due to the regional disaster such as earthquakes, it was difficult to understand the movement because of smoke and confusion according to a fire, destruction of warning information network, and traffic crash. Then, “The Spread of Fire Monitoring System is developed to collect the damage situations which always work promptly and automatically without any manual operations, and it can help making an evacuation order immediately. For the development of the system, we inspected the confirmation of function and the effectiveness of a device produced experimentally by a positive research. As a result, the improvement policy in the future was arranged based on the problem from the test.
Key Words : Regional Safety,Urban Restoration Fire Alarm,Information Network ᆅᇦ㜵⅏ࠊ⏫୪ࡳಖᏑࠊⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࠊሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ 㸬ࡣࡌࡵ ᡃࡀᅜ࠾ࡅࡿṔྐⓗ⏫୪ࡳಖᏑᴗࡣ㸱㸮ᖺవࡾࡢṔྐࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ⌧ᅾᩥᗇ㑅ᐃࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㔜せఏ⤫ ⓗᘓ㐀≀⩌ಖᏑᆅ༊㸦௨ୗࠊఏᘓᆅ༊㸧ࡣࠊᅜ࡛㸶㸴ᆅ༊㸦ᖹᡂ㸰㸯ᖺ㸯㸰᭶⌧ᅾ㸧ࡢࡰࡾࠊᡃࡀᅜࡢ ࡲࡕ࡙ࡃࡾࡢ㔜せ࡞せ⣲࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡇࢀࡽࡢᘓ㐀≀⩌ࡢࢇࡣ㜵⅏ⓗ⬤ᙅ࡞ᮌ㐀ᘓ⠏⩌࡛ᵓᡂࡉ ࢀࠊ㐨㊰ᖜࡀ⊃ࡃᘓ≀ࡀᐦ㞟ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡽ㑊㞴㊰ࡢ☜ಖࡶ㞴ࡋ࠸ࡓࡵࠊ⏫୪ࡳಖᏑ㐺ᛂࡋࡓ㜵⅏ィ⏬ ࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋᮏᐇド◊✲ࡢᑐ㇟ᆅࡍࡿරᗜ┴⠛ᒣᕷ⠛ᒣ㔜ఏᘓᆅ༊࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ⠛ᒣᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨࡀᖹ ᡂ㸯㸷ᖺᗘ⟇ᐃࡋࡓࠕ⠛ᒣᕷ⠛ᒣఏ⤫ⓗᘓ㐀≀⩌ಖᏑᆅ༊㜵⅏ィ⏬ࠖࡋ࡚㜵⅏ィ⏬ࡢ⟇ᐃ࠶ࡓࡗ࡚࠸ ࡿࠋ 㜰⚄࣭ῐ㊰㟈⅏࡛ࡶⓎ⏕ࡋࡓࠊᆅ㟈࡞ࡢᗈᇦ⅏ᐖ㉳ᅉࡍࡿᐦ㞟ᕷ⾤ᆅ࡛ࡢᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࡣࠊⅆ⅏క࠺ ↮ࡸΰࠊሗ⥙ࡢቯ⁛ࠊ㏻⥙ࡢᑍ᩿࡞ࡼࡾࠊࡇࢀࡲ࡛ࡑࡢືែࢆ⌧ሙ࡛㏲ḟⓗᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀᅔ 㞴࡛࠶ࡗࡓࠋࡶࡋ㏕ࡾ᮶ࡿᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࡢືែࡀࠊ⌧ሙ࡛㏲ḟⓗᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࢀࡤᕷẸࡗ࡚ ้ࠎኚࡍࡿᏳ࡞㑊㞴᪉ྥࢆᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᾘ㜵㝲ࡗ࡚ᘏ↝㜼Ṇ⥺ࢆࡇᒎ
㛤ࡍࡿࡢࡀ᭷ຠࢆุ᩿ࡍࡿᮦᩱ⧅ࡀࡿ࡞ࠊ㜵⅏ࢩࢫࢸ࣒◊✲ࡢ┠ⓗ࡛࠶ࡿ㺀⅏ᐖ⿕ᐖࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈␃ࡵ ࡿ㺁ࡓࡵᚲ㡲࡞ࡿࠊᾘ㜵ᡓ␎ࡗ࡚ᴟࡵ࡚᭷⏝࡞ሗࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ᮏ◊✲ࡣࠊྛᆅタࡅࡽࢀࡓࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡼࡗ࡚ࠊࠎ้ࠎኚࡍࡿ⿕ᐖ≧ἣ➼ࢆேᡭࢆࡅࡎ㎿㏿ ࡘ⮬ືⓗ㞟ࡋ࡚㐺ษ࡞ึືฟືែໃࢆࡽࡏࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ⅏ᐖሗ㞟⟶⌮ࢩࢫࢸ࣒(ᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽ ࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒)ࡢ㛤Ⓨྥࡅ࡚ࠊヨస㛤Ⓨࡀ⾜ࢃࢀࡓ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࡢᶵ⬟☜ㄆ᭷ຠᛶࡢホ౯ࢆᐇ ドᐇ㦂ࡼࡾ᳨ドࡍࡿࠋ࠶ࢃࡏ࡚ࠊᐇドᐇ㦂ᚋࣔࢽࢱ࣮༠ຊ⪅ᑐࡍࡿ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊㄢ㢟ࢆᢳฟ ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ᚋࡢᨵၿ᪉㔪ࢆᩚ⌮ࡍࡿࠋ 㸰㸬ᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ 㸯 ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢᴫせ 㜰⚄࣭ῐ㊰㟈⅏࠾࠸࡚ࠊ⏒࡞⿕ᐖࢆཷࡅࡿ୍ᅉࡶ࡞ࡗࡓᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࡢືែࢆ㏲ḟⓗᢕᥱࡍࡿࡇ ࡀࠕ⅏ᐖ⿕ᐖࢆ᭱ᑠ㝈␃ࡵࡿࠖ࠸࠺㜵⅏ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ◊✲ࢆ┠ᣦࡍୖ࡛ࡢ᭱ࡢ┠ⓗࡘ࡞ࡀࡿᾘ㜵ᡓ␎ ࢆᒎ㛤ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ⪃࠼ࠊఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࡢタ⨨ࡢ⩏ົక࠸ࠊᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ ࡢ㛤Ⓨࢆヨࡳࡓࠋᮏ◊✲࡛ᢅ࠺ᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣࠊᖹᡂ ᖺ ᭶ ᪥ࠕᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱ ࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖ ᩚ⌮␒ྕ㸸 ≉㢪 ࡋ࡚≉チࢆฟ㢪ࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ ᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣᨵṇᾘ㜵ἲ➨㸷᮲ࡢ㸰ࡼࡗ࡚᪂⠏ఫᏯࡘ࠸࡚ࡣᖹᡂ㸯㸶ᖺ㸴᭶㸯᪥ࡽࠊ᪤ᏑఫᏯࡘ ࠸࡚ࡣྛᕷ⏫ᮧ᮲ࡼࡾᖹᡂ㸰㸮ᖺ㸴᭶㸯᪥ࡽᖹᡂ㸰㸱ᖺ㸴᭶㸯᪥ࡢ㛫࡛ࠊࡍ࡚ࡢఫᏯᑐࡋタ⨨ࡀ ⩏ົࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࢆ♫ⓗ࡞ࣥࣇࣛࡋ࡚⨨࡙ࡅࠊࡇࢀࢆⅆ⅏ሗⓎಙჾࡋ࡚ά⏝ ࡍࡿࡇ࠶ࡿࠋࡍ࡞ࢃࡕࠊఫᏯタ⨨ࡉࢀࡓⓎಙ⨨ࡽࡢ㹇㹂ಙྕ㸦㟁ヰ␒ྕ࡞㸧ࢆ⥅⥆ⓗཷಙ ࡍࡿࡇ࡛ࡑࡢಙྕࡢ㹇㹂ࡽⓎሗࡢ࠶ࡗࡓሙᡤࢆ≉ᐃࡋࠊఫẸྠኈ࡛ሗࢆඹ᭷ࡋྜ࠸ࠊ༴㝤ࢆ┦ᐹ ▱࡛ࡁࡿ↓⥺ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ㸦ᆅᇦ㜵⅏ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࠸࠺㸧ࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࠊᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࡢືែࢆ㏲ḟⓗᢕᥱ ࡍࡿࡶࡢ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡෆ࡛ඹ᭷ࡍࡿሗࢆᦠᖏ㟁ヰࡸࣃࢯࢥࣥࠊཪࡣ⥭ᛴ㌴୧ࡢ㹅㹎㹑➼ 㓄ಙࡍࡿࡇࡼࡾࠊእ㒊➃ᮎୖⅆ⅏ሙᡤ࡞ࢆ⾲♧ࡋࠊࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࡍࡿࡇࡶ࡛ࡁࡿࠋୖグࡢෆᐜࢆ ໟᣓࡍࡿయࢆᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡋࠊࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢయᵓ࠾ࡼࡧᮏ◊✲ࡢ⠊ᅖࢆᅗ㸯♧ࡍࠋ ᅗ㸯㸸ᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢయᵓ 㸰 ᆅᇦ㜵⅏ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ ᮏ◊✲࡛┠ᣦࡍᆅᇦ㜵⅏ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡣࠊᑠつᶍ࡞ࡶࡢ࡛」ᩘᏑᅾࡍࡿࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡒ ࢀ㏆࠸ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡྠኈࡀ࣓ࢵࢩࣗ≧⧅ࡀࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡀ୍⨨ࡢ↝ᦆ➼ࡼࡾ୍᪉ࡢࢿࢵ ࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀᑍ᩿ࡉࢀ࡚ࡶࡢࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡽሗࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡛࠶ࡾࠊᖖᑠつᶍࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆ㎺ ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃ㏻ಙ࢚ࣜෆ࠾ࡅࡿ࡚ࡢሗࡢධᡭࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋ
㸱㸬↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ 㸯 ⨨ࡢᴫせ ↓⥺Ⓨಙࡍࡿᶵ⬟ࢆ᭷ࡍࡿ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨(ᅗ㸰)ࡢヨస㛤Ⓨࡀ⾜ࢃࢀ ࡓ ࡣ㸰✀㢮ࡢࢱࣉࡢఫ㆙ჾᕷ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㜵≢ࣈࢨ࣮ࡢ㸱✀㢮ࡢ㡢ࢆឤ▱ࡍࡿࡼ࠺タᐃࡉࢀ ࡚ ᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ㛤Ⓨྥࡅ࡚ࠊఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾ(௨ୗࠊఫ㆙ჾࡍࡿ)ࡢ㆙ሗ㡢ࢆㄆ㆑ ࡋࠊ⮬ືⓗ㏆㞄ఫᏯⅆ⅏ሗࢆ ࠋ⨨ࡢᴫせࢆ௨ୗ㏙ࡿࠋ ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࡣࠊྛఫᏯෆタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿఫ㆙ჾࡢࣈࢨ࣮㡢ࢆឤ▱ࡋࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿఫ Ꮿ㛫࡛ⅆ⅏ሗࢆ㏦ཷಙࡋྜ࠺ࡇ࡛┦ฟⅆࢆᐹ▱࡛ࡁࡿࢩࢫࢸ࣒࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡺ࠼ࠊఫ㆙ჾࡀసືࡋࡓ ሙྜࡑࡢⓎሗࢆᏯෆࡲࡽࡎ㏆㞄ఫᏯ▱ࡽࡏࠊⅆ⅏ሗࢆඹ᭷ࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚㎿㏿࡞ึᮇᾘⅆ ࡸᏳ࡞㑊㞴άືࡘ࡞ࡆࡿࡇࡀྍ⬟࡞ࡿࠋࡉࡽࠊ⨨ࡢ⾲♧ࣃࢿࣝ࠶ࡿ㹊㹃㹂ࡼࡾࠊฟⅆ⨨ ࡶ≉ᐃ࡛ࡁࡿ⤌ࡳ࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊឤ▱ࡉࡏࡿ㡢ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㆙ሗჾࡢⓎሗ㡢௨እࡶタᐃࡍࡿࡇࡀ ࡛ࡁࠊᅇ ࠸ࡿࠋ ࡇࡇ࡛ࠊᅗ㸰ࡢ⾲♧ࣃࢿࣝࡢ㹊㹃㹂ࡘ࠸࡚ࡣࠊⅬⅬⅉ࡛ఫ㆙ჾࠊⅬⅬ⁛࡛㜵≢ࣈࢨ࣮ࡢࣈࢨ࣮㡢ࢆࡑࢀࡒࢀ ឤ▱ࡋࡓࡇࢆ♧ࡍࡼ࠺࡞ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊṇᖖ↓⥺㏻ಙࢆ⾜࠼ࡿࡼ࠺ࠊ୰⥅ᶵ⬟ࢆᣢࡘ୰⥅ჾࡶྠ ࡑ ჾࡸࠊࡑࢀࢆ⾲♧ࡍࡿࡓࡵࡢ㹎㹁ࡶഛ࠼ࡓࠋ ⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࡢ࡞≉ᚩࡘ࠸࡚ࠊ௨ୗ♧ࡍࠋ ࠊ᪂ࡓࡁ ண⟬ࢆᢞࡌ࡚≉ู࡞ࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࢆࣥࣇࣛࡋ࡚ᩚഛࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵపࢥࢫࢺ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ఫ㆙ჾࡢ㆙ሗ㡢ឤ▱ࡍࡿࡼ࠺タᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࡓࡵࠊỗ⏝ᛶࡀ࠶ࡾࠊಙ㢗ᛶࡢ࠶ ሗࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࠋ ࣈࣝࢆࡘ࡞ࡄᚲせࡀ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᆅ㟈࡞ࡼࡗ࡚㉳ࡁࡿ ᐃࡉࢀࡿ㟁ࡶ✌ാ࡛ࡁࠊᏳ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ᵝᩘྎヨసࡉࢀࡓࠋ ᅗ㸱 ࡢࠊ↓⥺㏻ಙ࠾ࡅࡿࢹ࣮ࢱཷಙࡢ☜ㄆࢆ⾜࠼ࡿཷಙ ↓ ձఫᏯ࠾࠸࡚タ⨨ࡀ⩏ົࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾ➼ࢆࢭࣥࢧ࣮ࡋ࡚⏝ࡍࡿࡓࡵ ࡞ ղヨసࡉࢀࡓ➃ᮎࡣᩘ✀㢮ࡶࡢ ࡿ ճᮏ➃ᮎࡢ㟁※ࡣ㟁ụࡼࡾ౪⤥ࡉࢀࠊ㟁※ࢣ࣮ ᅗ㸰㸸↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ ᅗ㸱㸸୰⥅ჾ
㸰 㧗㱋⪅⚟♴ࡢᛂ⏝ ⏝ά⏝ࡋ࡚༢㌟࣭㧗㱋⪅ୡᖏ➼࠾ࡅࡿᛴ࣭ᨾ➼ࡢ⥭ᛴ ㏻ ࡽࡋࡸ㧗㱋⪅ୡᖏ࡞ࡢ⥭ᛴ㏻ ⨨ ㏻ሗࣈࢨ࣮ ࡋ࡚⚟♴࣭ㆤ㠃࠾࠸࡚ࡶά⏝ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡿ 㸬⠛ᒣᕷ࠾ࡅࡿᐇドᐇ㦂ィ⏬ ᐇドᐇ㦂ࡢ┠ⓗ ࡵࡍࡿ௨ୗࡢ㸱Ⅼࢆ࡞᳨ド㡯┠ᣲࡆࠊᐇドᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ࡇ ճ ఫẸྠኈࡼࡿࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙࣥᙧᡂࡢຠᯝ ఏᘓᆅ༊ࡣ㧗㱋⪅ᒙࡢᒃఫྜࡀ㧗ࡃࠊ⊂ᒃ⪁ேୡᖏྜࡀ⣙㸰㸮㸣ࢆ༨ࡵ࡚࠸ࡿࠋ㧗㱋⪅ୡᖏࡣᛴࠊ ᨾࡢ㝿ᡭ㐜ࢀ࡞ࡿᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ㧗㱋⪅ࡀᐙ᪘ྠᒃࡋ࡚࠸ࡿሙྜ࡛ࡶࠊఏᘓᆅ༊ෆࡢ୍ᐙᒇࡢᩜᆅ㠃✚ ࡀᗈ࠸ୖᘓ≀ࡀ⏫ᒇࡢ≉ᚩ࡛࠶ࡿ⣽㛗࠸ᵓ㐀࡛࠶ࡿࡓࡵ㧗㱋⪅ࡢ⥭ᛴᐙ᪘ࡀẼ࡞࠸ࡇࡶ⪃࠼ࡽ ࢀࡿࠋࡑࡇ࡛ᆅᇦ㜵⅏ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᛂ ሗᶵ⬟ࢆຍࡍࡿࡇࡢ᭷ຠᛶࢆ♧ࡍࠋ ᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࡢ㆙ሗ㡢ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃᵝࠎ࡞㡢ࢆឤ▱ࡍࡿࡼ࠺タᐃ࡛ࡁࡿࠋࡇࡢᶵ⬟ࢆά ࡋࠊᕷ㈍ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㜵≢࣋ࣝࡢࣈࢨ࣮㡢ࢆタᐃࡍࡿࡇࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ୍ேᬽ ሗ 㸲 㸯 ᮏᐇドᐇ㦂ࡢ┠ⓗࡣࠊ㛤Ⓨࡍࡿࠕᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࡢࡓࡵᚲ㡲࡛࠶ࡿࡍࡿࠊྛఫᏯ ࠾ࡅࡿ↓⥺ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᵓ⠏ࢆࡣࡌ ࡼࡾࡑࢀࡽࡢホ౯ࢆ⾜࠺ࡶࡢࡍࡿࠋ ձ ↓⥺ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ௬タᶵ⬟☜ㄆ ղ ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࡢᶵ⬟ᛶࠊ᭷ຠᛶࡢ☜ㄆ ࣔࢽࢱ࣮㹁㹼㹇Ꮿ࠶ࡿఫ㆙ჾࡢ࿘㎶↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࢆ௬タࡍࡿࠋ ࡇࡢࡁࠊタ⨨ࡍࡿ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࡣ㆙ሗჾࡢࣈࢨ࣮㡢ࢆឤ▱ࡍࡿࡼ࠺࡞⨨㛵 ಀࡋࠊࡲࡓࠊࡢఫᏯタ⨨ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࡶ㐃ືࡋ࡚ṇ☜ ᡤ࠾࠸࡚ࡣࠊ㟁Ἴࡢ୰⥅ࡢࡳࢆ⾜࠺୰⥅ჾࢆᚲ せ࡞ࡿ⟠ᡤタ⨨ࡍࡿࠋ ሗࡢ㏦ཷಙࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࣃࢯࢥࣥୖ࡛㟁Ἴࡢཷಙ≧ែࡢ☜ㄆࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ 㟁Ἴࡢ฿㐩≧ἣࡀⰋࡃ࡞࠸⟠ ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀᵓ⠏࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࠊ⨨ࡀṇᖖືసࡍࡿ࡞ࡢᶵ⬟☜ㄆࢆ ⾜࠺ࠋ ๓ྛࣔࢽࢱ࣮ᶵჾࡢ᧯స᪉ἲࡸᐇ㦂ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢㄝ᫂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊ࠶ࡿ 1 ௳ࡢఫ Ꮿ࡛ఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࢆヨ㦂ⓗ㬆ࡽࡋࠊ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࢆసືࡉࡏࡿࠋ సື୰ࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢᵝᏊࢆ❚࠸ࠊᐇ㦂ᚋ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠸ࠊពぢࡸឤࢆ 㞟ࡋ࡚᭷ຠᛶㄢ㢟ࡢᩚ⌮ࢆ⾜࠺ࠋ ᅗ㸲㸸ᐇ㦂ィ⏬ࡢࣇ࣮ࣟ
㸰 ᐇドᐇ㦂ࡢෆᐜࡘ࠸࡚ ᇦ㜵⅏ሗ ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᵓ⠏ࡍࡿୖ࡛ࡢ᭷ຠᛶ࡞ㄢ㢟ࢆᢳฟࡋࠊࡑࢀᑐࡍࡿᨵၿ᪉㔪ࢆ♧ࡋࡓࠋ ࣭ᐇ㦂ᐇ᪥㸸 ᖺ ᭶ ᪥ ᅵ ᅗ㸲♧ࡍᐇ㦂ィ⏬ࡢࣇ࣮ࣟࢆᇶ⾜ࡗࡓࠊᐇドᐇ㦂ࡢヲࡋ࠸ᴫせࢆ௨ୗ㏙ࡿࠋᑐ㇟ࡍࡿ⠛ᒣᕷ ୗἙཎ⏫ࡢᆅᇦఫẸ㸵ྡࡢ᪉ࠎࣔࢽࢱ࣮ㄪᰝࡋ࡚ᐇ㦂༠ຊࡋ࡚࠸ࡓࡔࡁࠊ㸯㸮᭶㸰㸷᪥ࡽ㸯᭶㸰㸴 ᪥ࡢ㛫ࠊ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࡢ௬タ↓⥺㏻ಙࡼࡿࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᵓ⠏ࢆヨࡳࡓࠋࡲࡓࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᵓ ⠏ࡀ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁࡓẁ㝵࡛ࠊ࠶ࡿ㸯௳ࡢఫᏯࡢఫ㆙ჾࢆヨ㦂ⓗసືࡉࡏ࡚↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࢆⓎሗࡉࡏࡿࡇ ࡼࡗ࡚ᐇ⏝ᛶࡢ☜ㄆࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢᚋࠊྛࣔࢽࢱ࣮Ꮿఛ࠸⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪᰝࢆ⾜࠺ࡇࡼࡾᆅ ձ ࡳࢆ⾜࠺୰⥅ჾࢆྛఫᏯෆࡸ㌺ୗࠊ⾤ⅉ ࠸࡚ࡶࡽ࠸ࠊ ᐇ㦂๓ ௬タࡍࡿ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨୰⥅ჾࡢタ⨨⨨ࢆᅗ㸳♧ࡍࠋᅗࡢ㉥Ⰽ࡛♧ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡿ㸵௳ࡢఫᏯࡑࢀࡒ ࢀ㸵ྎࡢ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ &㹼, ࢆ௬タࡋࠊࡑࢀక࠸㟁Ἴࡢ୰⥅ࡢ ྜィ ྎタ⨨ࡋࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢ௬タᶵ⬟☜ㄆࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ࡇࡢࡁࠊ( ࡢ➃ᮎࡀㄪ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡍ࡚ࡢఫᏯ࠾࠸࡚ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡀ࡛ࡁ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࡣ☜ㄆ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗ ࡓࡀࠊ' ࡢ⨨࡚ఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࢆヨ㦂ⓗ㬆ࡽࡋࠊ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࢆ⣙ ศ㛫సືࡉࡏࡿᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗ ࡓࠋ࡞࠾ࠊྛࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡣ๓ࠕᙜ᪥୰カ⦎ࡋ࡚సືࡉࡏࡿࡢ࡛ࠊᬑẁ㏻ࡾࡢ⏕άࢆࡋ࡚ ㆙ሗࡀ㬆ࡗࡓሙྜࡣᐇ㝿ⅆ⅏ࡀ㉳ࡁࡓᐃࡋ࡚⾜ືࡋ࡚ୗࡉ࠸ࠖఏ࠼ࡓࠋ ᅗ㸳㸸↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨୰⥅ჾࡢ௬タ⨨
ࡸࠊእฟࡓࡾ⮬㌿㌴ࡗ࡚ᵝ ࢆఛ࠸᮶ࡿ࡞࠸ࡗࡓࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢ᪉ࠎࡢኚࡀぢ࡚ࢀࡓࠋ ղ ᐇ㦂୰ 㸯㸳㸲㸳ศ㹂ᏯࡢఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࢆసືࡉࡏࠊ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࢆ㏻ࡌ࡚Ⓨሗࡉࡏࡓࠋ⨨ࢆసື ࡉࡏ࡚࠸ࡿ㛫ࠊఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾࢆ㬆ࡽࡋࡓD ᏯᏳྰࢆ☜ㄆࡍࡿ㟁ヰ Ꮚ Ṇࡉࡏࠊ୰⥅ჾࡶྵࡵ࡚ᅇసᴗࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋᚋ᪥ࠊᐇ㦂࠾ࡅࡿࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢ⪺ࡁྲྀ ࡾㄪᰝࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ ᐇ㦂⤖ᯝ ᰝ ࡾᢳฟࡋࠊᩚ⌮ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋ㡯┠࡞ពぢࢆᛶ⬟㠃ࠊ㐠⏝㠃ศ㢮ࡋࡑࢀࡒࢀ⾲㸯ࠊ⾲㸰♧ࡍࠋ 㢮 ┠ ᅗ㸴㸸Ᏻྰࡢ☜ㄆ᮶ࡿᵝᏊ ᅗ㸵㸸እฟ࡚࠸ࡿᵝᏊ ճ ᐇ㦂ᚋ Ⓨሗᚋ㸯㸳ศ௨ୖ⤒㐣ࡋࠊࡇࢀ௨ୖࡢኚࡣぢࡽࢀ࡞࠸ุ᩿ࡋࡓⅬ࡛ࠊࣔࢽࢱ࣮ࡢ᪉ࠎࡢྛఫᏯఛ ࠸ࠊ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࢆ 㸱 ᐇドᐇ㦂ࢆ㏻ࡋ࡚᫂ࡽ࡞ࡗࡓ↓⥺ⅆ⅏㏻ሗ⨨ࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡸㄢ㢟ࢆࣔࢽࢱ࣮༠ຊ⪅ࡢ⪺ࡁྲྀࡾㄪ ࡼ ศ 㡯 ࡞ពぢ ⾲㸯㸸ᛶ⬟㠃ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࡞ពぢ ᛶ⬟㠃 ♧ ࡘ࠸࡚ ⅬⅉࡸⅬ⁛࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃⰍࡸኌ࡛▱ࡽࡏࡿࡼ࠺࡛ࡁࡿ㧗㱋⪅ࡶㄆ㆑ ุ᩿࡛ࡁࡓࡀࠊⅆ⅏ࡑ࠺࡛࡞࠸ࡣ࠶ࡿ 㹊 㹃 㹂 ⾲ ࣭ࣛࣥࣉࡢ ࡋࡸࡍ࠸ ࣭ࡇ࡛㉳ࡁࡓ࠸࠺ࡇࡣࡍࡄ ⛬ᗘὀពࡋ࡚ࡳ࡞࠸ࢃࡾࡃ࠸ ࣈࢨ࣮ ࡘ࠸࡚ ࠼࡞ࡗࡓᛮ࠺ ࢀࡲࡋࡓࠖ࡞㡢ኌ࡛▱ࡽࡏࡿࡇ እ࠸ࡿሙྜ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡃ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡢ⟠ᡤࡽࡶ ࣭ᐇ㦂ࣈࢨ࣮㡢ࡣ⪺ࡇ࠼ࡓࡀࠊ㞧㡢ࡀΰࡌࡗ࡚࠸ࢀࡤ⪺ࡇ ࡢ࡛ࡇ࠸࡚ࡶᐹ▱࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ᕤኵࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ࣭ఱࡀ㬆ࡗ࡚࠸ࡿࡢ▐ࢃࡽ࡞ࡗࡓࡢ࡛㡢ᕤኵࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ ࣭ࣈࢨ࣮㡢࡛ࡣ࡞ࡃࠕⅆ࡛ࡍࠖࡸࠕۑۑࡀಽ ࡀ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢀࡤࡉࡽࢃࡾࡸࡍ࠸ ࣭⨨ࢆྲྀࡾࡅ࡚࠸ࡿ㒊ᒇ௨ 㡢ࢆฟࡏࡿࡼ࠺ࡋ࡚ࡋ࠸ 㧗㱋⪅ ⅏ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃ㜵≢ࣈࢨ࣮ࢆ⥭ᛴ㏻ሗ⨨ࡋ࡚ ࣭᧯సᛶࠊどㄆᛶ࡞㧗㱋⪅ࡢேࡗ࡚ࢃࡾࡃ࠸ࡇࢁࡀከ࠸ ࣭㧗㱋⪅ࡢᏙ⊂Ṛࡀከ࠸ࡓࡵࠊⅆ ⏝࡛ࡁࡿᶵ⬟ࡣ㔜せࡔᛮ࠺ ㄗసື ࣭㢖⦾㉳ࡇࡿㄗసືࢆᨵၿࡋ࡞࠸࠸ࡅ࡞࠸
⾲㸰㸸㐠⏝㠃ࡘ࠸࡚ࡢ࡞ពぢ ศ㢮 㡯┠ ࡞ពぢ 㐠⏝㠃 ฟⅆ๓ࡘ࠸࡚ ࡢ㐃⤡᪉ἲࡸ ࣭๓࣐ࢽࣗࣝࢆసࡗ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ࣭⣲᪩ࡃᐹ▱࡛ࡁࡓሙྜຠ⋡ⓗᾘⅆࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵࠊ㏆ᡤ ྲྀࡾ⤌ࡳ࡞ࢆ๓Ỵࡵ࡚࠾ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ฟⅆࡘ࠸࡚ ࡁࡿᛮ࠺ࡋࠊ෭㟼ุ᩿ࡋ࡚⾜ ᐹ▱࡛ࡁࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࡣຠ⋡ ࣭ⅆ⅏ࡀ㉳ࡁࡓሙྜ᪩ࡃẼ࡙ࡃࡇࡀ࡛ ື࡛ࡁࡿ࠸࠺Ⅼ࡛㠀ᖖ᭷ຠࡔᛮ࠺ ࣭ኪ୰ⅆ⅏ࡀ㉳ࡁࡓሙྜࠊ↮ࡀࡢ࠾Ꮿࡽฟ࡚࠸ࡿ࡞ࡀᢕᥱ࡛ࡁ࡞ ࠸ࡢ࡛ࠊࡇࡽⅆࡀ㉳ࡇࡗࡓࡢࡀࢃࡿ࠸࠺ࡇࡣࡔᛮ࠺ ࣭Ẹ⏕ጤဨࡸᬑẁ࠾ᗑࢆࡋ࡚࠸ࡿࡇࢁ▱ࡽࡏࡿⰋ࠸ࡢ࡛ࡣ࡞࠸ ࣭ⅆ⅏ࡣ㛫ࡀ㔜せ࡞ၥ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࡢ࡛ࠊ⣲᪩ࡃ ⓗ࡞ึᮇᾘⅆࢆ⾜࠺ୖ࡛࡚ࡶ㔜せ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ ฟⅆᚋࡘ࠸࡚ ᛮ࠺ ࣭⪁ே࡞࡛㧗㱋⪅ࡀྠ␃Ᏺࡢሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ㞟ᡤ➼࡛ᆅᇦయ ࡢᵝᏊࢆᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿ࠸ࡗࡓࡼ࠺࡞ሙᡤࢆఱ⟠ᡤタࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ ༴㝤ᛶࡢㄆ㆑ ࣭カ⦎⪺ࡉࢀ࡚࠸ࡓࡓࡵࠊ༴㝤ᛶࢆㄆ㆑ࡍࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞ࡗࡓ 㜵⅏ព㆑ࡘ࠸࡚ ࣭⨨ࢆྲྀࡾࡅࡿ࠸࠺ࡇ⮬యࡀ㜵⅏ព㆑ࢆ㧗ࡵࡿࡇ⧅ࡀࡿᛮ࠺ 㧗㱋⪅⚟♴ࡢᛂ 㜵≢ࣈࢨ࣮ࢆ⏝ࡋࡓᶵ⬟࡛⚟♴ࡸㆤᙺ❧࡚ࡿࡇࡀከࡃ࡞ ⏝ࡘ࠸࡚ ࣭㜵⅏ࡼࡾ ࡿᛮ࠺ ࢥ࣑ࣗࢽࢣ࣮ࢩࣙ ࣥᙧᡂࡘ࠸࡚ ࡢࡼ࠺㸲ࠊ㸳௳࡛㐃ᦠࢆࡗ࡚ά⏝ࡋ࡚࠸ࡃࡢࡀ᭱ࡶຠ⋡ⓗ࡛ ኈࡽࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆసࡗ࡚࠸ࡁࠊᚎࠎࡁࡃࡋ࡚࠸ࡃ ࡼ࠺࡞ࡾࠊ㏆ᡤྠኈ࡛ࡢࢥ ࣭㞄ಖไᗘ ࡣ࡞࠸ ࣭௰ࡢⰋ࠸㏆ᡤྠ ࡢࡀⰋ࠸ᛮ࠺ ࣭㏆ᡤࡁྜ࠸ࡢⰋࡋᝏࡋࡣ㛵ಀ࡞ࡃຓࡅྜ࠺ࡇ࡞ࡿᛮ࠺ ࣭⨨ࢆྲྀࡾࡅࡿࡇ࡛࠾࠸ࢆẼࡅࡿ ࣑ࣗࢽࢸࡢᙧᡂࡢྥୖࡶࡘ࡞ࡀࡿᛮ࠺ ࢥࢫࢺ㠃ࡘ࠸࡚ ྲྀࡾࡅࡿ㝿ࡣᅜࡸᕷࡀ ⿵ຓ㔠ࢆฟࡍ࡞ࡋ࡚㈇ᢸࢆ㍍ࡃࡋ࡚ࡋ࠸ ࣭ᆅᇦయ࡛ྲྀࡾࡅࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊᐇ㝿 㸳㸬ࡲࡵᚋࡢㄢ㢟 ᛶ⬟㠃ࡘ࠸࡚ ձ ࡚࠾ࡾᶵ⬟ࡋ࡞࠸ᜍࢀࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊ㟁ụࢆ⿵ຓ㟁※⛬ᗘࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡍࡿ ࠋ ղ ྎࡢ୰⥅ჾࢆタ⨨ࡋࡓࡀࠊࡶࡗᑡ࡞࠸ᩘ㔞࡛ཷಙ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿࡇࡀᮃࡲࢀࡿࠋ ճ ࢨ࣮㡢ࡶㄆ㆑࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺࣐ࢡࡢᛶ⬟ࢆᨵၿࡍࡿࠋ մ ࡃࠊㄗసືࢆ㢖⦾㉳ࡇࡍၥ㢟 ࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊࢯࣇࢺࡢ㛤Ⓨࠊᨵၿࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ յ ࡋࡓ㝿ࡣࡘࡲࡼ࠺ࡌ࡞ࡢ⣽࠸Წࢆ⏝࠸࡚ࣜࢭࢵࢺࢆ⾜࠺ࡓࡵࠊ㧗㱋⪅ ࡣ᧯సࡀ㞴ࡋ࠸࠸࠼ࡿࠋ 㸯 ✌ാ㛫 㟁ụ࡛ࡢ✌ാ㛫ࡀ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࠊ୰⥅ჾࡶ㐌㛫⛬ᗘ࡛࠶ࡿࡇࡀุ᫂ࡋࡓࠋఫᏯ⏝ⅆ⅏㆙ሗჾ ࡢ㟁ụᑑࡀ⣙ᖺ㛫࡛࠶ࡿࡇࢆ⪃࠼ࡿࠊ㛗ࡃࡍࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ㟁※㛵ࡋ࡚ࡣࠊᘓ≀ ࡀࡁࡃ◚ᦆࡍࡿᆅ㟈࠾࠸࡚ࡢ㟁ࣜࢫࢡࢆ⪃៖ࡋ㟁ụࢆ⏝࠸࡚࠸ࡿࡀࠊ⌧ẁ㝵࡛ࡢ✌ື㛫࡛ࡣ ฟⅆ㟁ụࡀᾘ⪖ࡋ ࡇࡶ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿ 㟁Ἴࡢ᭷ຠ⠊ᅖ ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺㝿 ࣐ࢡࡢឤᗘ 㐲᪉ࡢࣈ ㄗసື ௬タᮇ㛫୰ᤲ㝖ᶵࡢ✌ാ㡢ࡸ㞧㡢࡞ࢆ㆙ሗ㡢ࡋ࡚ㄆ㆑ࡍࡿࡇࡀከ ࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ ᧯సᛶ ↓⥺㏻ሗ⨨ࡀㄗసືࢆ㉳ࡇ
ն ࡛ࠊཷಙࢩࢫࢸ࣒ഃࡗ࡚ࡼࡾ⨨ࢆᢕᥱࡋࡸࡍࡃ࡞ࡿ ᵝつ᱁ࡍࡿࡇ࡞ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ 㸰㸧 㐠⏝㠃ࡘ࠸࡚ ձ ➼ࡢ㠀ᖖែ࡞ࡿࠊ⨨ࡀⓎ◙ࡋ࡚ࡶẼࡀ࡞࠸ࠋ ղ ึᮇᾘⅆάືࢆ෭㟼⾜࠺ࡓࡵࡣࠊ๓㏆㞄ఫẸྠኈ ճ ⅏ࡢ⨨ࡀᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿ࡞࠸ࡗࡓࠊᆅᇦయࡢሗࢆᚓࡽࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ᳨ ウࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿࠋ 㸦㸱㸧 ᚋࡢㄢ㢟ࡘ࠸࡚ ࠺ࡔࡅ࡛࡞ࡃࠊᦠ ᖏ ᆅࡶ㐺⏝࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺♫ໃ➼ࡶ ࡲ࠼ࡓୖ࡛ࠊከᵝ࡞どⅬࡽᚋ᳨ウࢆ⾜ࡗ࡚࠸ࡃᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿࠋ 㸯㸧 ᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒㺁ࠊᩚ⌮␒ྕ㸸 㸱㸧 㸲㸧 ࡑࡢᨭᢏ⾡ࡋ࡚ࡢ⅏ᐖሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࠖ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫᢏ⾡ ≀⩌ಖᏑᆅ༊㜵⅏ィ⏬ሗ࿌᭩ࠖᖹᡂ㸰㸮ᖺ㸱᭶ 㸵㸧ⱉ㇂ຬ㞞㸸ఏᘓᆅ༊ไᗘࡢྍ⬟ᛶࠊᅜ⏫୪ࡳಖᏑ㐃┕⦅ࠊ᪂࣭⏫୪ࡳ௦ᡤࠊᏛⱁฟ∧♫ࠊ ࢹ࣮ࢱฎ⌮ ᐇドᐇ㦂㹃ࡢ➃ᮎⓎ⏕ࡋࡓၥ㢟ࡢࡼ࠺ࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡෆ࡛ሗࡢ㏦ཷಙ㔞ࡀ㠀ᖖከ࠸➃ᮎࡀᏑ ᅾࡍࡿࠊࢹ࣮ࢱࡢฎ⌮ࡀ㛫ྜࢃࡎ୰⥅ࡋࡁࢀ࡞࠸ࢹ࣮ࢱࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࠊࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡෆ࡛ࡢಙྕࡢࡸࡾ ྲྀࡾලྜࡀ⏕ࡌࡿሙྜࡀ࠶ࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊㄢ㢟ࡋ࡚㟁Ἴࡢ㘒⥈ࢆ㜵ࡄࡓࡵࡶ㆙ሗ㡢ࡢᑕࡢᙳ㡪ࢆཷ ࡅࡃ࠸≉Ṧ㟁Ἴ➼ࢆྠⓎ⏕ࡉࡏࡿࡇ 㸦 ᅾ࡛࠶ࡿሙྜ㠀ᖖែẼࡀ࡞࠸ እฟࡸูࡢᒃᐊ࠸ࡿሙྜⅆ⅏ ๓㐃⤡᪉ἲࡸྲྀࡾỴࡵࡀᚲせ ฟⅆඖࡢఫᏯࡀᅾ࡛࠶ࡿሙྜࡢⅆ⅏ࡸࠊ ࡼࡿྲྀࡾỴࡵࡀᚲせ࡛࠶ࡿ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋ ⅏ᐖᆅᇦయࡢ≧ἣࢆᢕᥱ࡛ࡁࡿࡼ࠺ࡍࡿ 㧗㱋⪅ࡢከࡃఫࢇ࡛࠸ࡿᆅᇦࡣ⪁ே࡞ࡀ࠶ࡾࠊ」ᩘࡢఫᏯࡀྠᅾ࡞ࡿྍ⬟ᛶࡀ࠶ࡿࡓࡵࠊ 㞟ᡤ➼⾜ࡃⅆ ᮏ◊✲࡛ࡣࠊࠕᘏ↝ⅆ⅏ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࠖࡢᇶ┙࡞ࡿᆅᇦ㜵⅏ሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡢᵓ⠏ྥࡅ࡚ ᐇドᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠸ࠊࣔࢽࢱ࣮ㄪᰝࡼࡾᆅᇦఫẸࡢពぢホ౯ࢆᚓࡿࡇࡀ࡛ࡁࡓࠋࡋࡋࠊᅇࡣヨస㛤Ⓨ ࡢẁ㝵࠸࠺ࡇࡶ࠶ࡾࠊ⨨ㄗసືࡸලྜ➼ࡀከࡃࡳࡽࢀࡓࡓࡵࠊࣔࢽࢱ࣮༠ຊ⪅ࡣ๓࿌▱ࢆ ࡋࡓୖ࡛ᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜ࡗࡓࠋࡑࡢࡓࡵࠊᐇ㝿ⅆ⅏ࡀⓎ⏕ࡋࡓ㠀ᖖ࠾ࡅࡿ༴㝤ᛶࢆㄆ㆑ࡋࠊ⾜ືࡋࡓྍ⬟ᛶ ࡀ࠶ࡿࡣᚲࡎࡋࡶゝ࠸ษࢀ࡞࠸ࠋࡋࡓࡀࡗ࡚ࠊࡼࡾຠᯝⓗ࡞ពぢࢆᚓࡿࡓࡵࡣ㆙ሗჾࢆᢤࡁᡴࡕᙧᘧ࡛ సືࡉࡏࡿᚲせࡀ࠶ࡗࡓ⪃࠼ࡽࢀࡿࠋࡲࡓࠊᮏ◊✲࡛ࡢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡣࠊ⨨ࡢⓎሗᅾᏯ࡛࡞࠸ఫẸࡀ ࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡෆࡢ␗ᖖẼࡃࡇࡀ࡛ࡁ࡞࠸ࡓࡵࠊᮏ◊✲ࡢ┠ᣦࡍ㎿㏿࡞ᾘⅆ࣭㑊㞴άືࡘ࡞ࡆࡿࡇ ࡣ㞴ࡋ࠸࠸࠼ࡿࠋࡑࡢሙྜ㠀ᖖࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᵓᡂࡍࡿఫᏯෆ࡛ሗࢆඹ᭷ࡋྜ ➃ᮎ➼ⅆ⅏ሗ࡞ࡀ㓄ಙࡉࢀࡿࡼ࠺࡞ࡿ࡞࠸ࡗࡓ᪉⟇ࡀồࡵࡽࢀࡿࠋ ᅇ㆙ሗჾࢆసືࡉࡏࡿᐇ㦂⮳ࡗࡓࡢࡣ୍ᅇࡢࡳ࡛࠶ࡾࠊࡑࢀࡔࡅ࡛ࡣಙ៰ᛶࡢ࠶ࡿᡂᯝࢆᚓࡽࢀࡓ ࡣゝ࠸㞴࠸ࠋࡼࡗ࡚ࠊ⨨ࡢឤ▱ᡂຌ⋡ࡸㄗឤ▱ࡍࡿ㡢※ࡢ✀㢮࣭㢖ᗘ➼ࡢ⢭ᗘࡢ㧗࠸ࢹ࣮ࢱ࡞ࢆᚓࡿࡓ ࡵࡣ⧞ࡾ㏉ࡋྠࡌᐇ㦂ࢆ⾜࠺ᚲせࡀ࠶ࡿ࠸࠼ࠊᮏࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࡢ᭷ຠᛶࡸᶵ⬟ᛶࡘ࠸࡚ࡢࡉࡽ࡞ࡿᐃ㔞 ࢆ㐍ࡵࡿࡇࡀᚋࡢ㔜せ࡞ㄢ㢟࡛࠶ࡿࠋሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࢆᵓ⠏ࡋࠊᆅᇦ㜵⅏ຊࡢྥୖࢆ┠ᣦࡍࡇࡣࠊ ఏ⤫ⓗ࡞ᮌ㐀ᐦ㞟ᕷ⾤ᆅ࠾࠸࡚ᚲせྍḞ࡛࠶ࡿࠋࡑࢀࢆࡢᕷ⾤ ㋃ ཧ⪃ᩥ⊩ ❑அ Ṕྐ㒔ᕷ㜵⅏ࢩࢫࢸ࣒࣭ᶵჾ㛤Ⓨ◊✲㺀 ≉㢪 ᥦฟ᪥㸸ᖹᡂᖺ ᭶᪥ 㸰㸧ᶵࢩࢫࢸ࣒ࢬࠕᗈᇦᘏ↝ࣔࢽࢱࣜࣥࢢࢩࢫࢸ࣒ ヨస㛤Ⓨࠖሗ࿌᭩ ᖹᡂᖺ᭶᪥ ᑠす♸Ꮚࠊ㛗㇂ぢ㞝ࠊᕝᑼཪ⚽ࠊ⏣୰ᙲࠊᐑᓥΎࠊୖ๛ࠕ⅏ᐖሗࢿࢵࢺ࣮࣡ࢡࡼࡿᆅᇦ㜵⅏ࢩ ࢫࢸ࣒ 㧗ᒣᕷ୕⏫ఏᘓᆅ༊࠾ࡅࡿᐇሗ࿌ࠖ᪥ᮏᘓ⠏Ꮫᢏ⾡ሗ࿌㞟 ➨ྕࠊࠊ 㛗㇂ぢ㞝ࠕ⏫୪ࡳಖᏑࡢ㜵⅏ィ⏬ ሗ࿌㞟 ➨ྕࠊ ࠊ 㸳㸧⠛ᒣᕷᩍ⫱ጤဨࠕ⠛ᒣᕷ⠛ᒣఏ⤫ⓗᘓ㐀 㸴㸧ෆ⏣⚈ᩥࠕᘓ⠏ⅆ⅏ࠖ┦ᶍ᭩ᡣࠊ
ᱧผㇺᏒ㒐ἴ⺰ᢥ㓸 Vol. 4㧔2010ᐕ7㧕
ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚නߩ⠴Ἣᕈะ߿㒐ἴ᳓ᢛߣߞߚ
ᱧผ⊛ㇺᏒߦㆡ↪น⢻ߥᑧἫἴኻ╷ߣߘߩ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ
Evaluation Support System of Fire Safety Measures by Altering Building Members and
Implementing Fire-fighting Water Supply System for Preservation of Historical Urban Area
ᮮጊᐔ
1ᮘᧄ
2↰ਛີ⟵
3Shohei YOKOYAMA, Keisuke HIMOTO, and Takeyoshi TANAKA
1ᔕ↪⾰ᩣᑼળ␠㧔ޥ532-0021 ᄢ㒋ᐭᄢ㒋ᏒᶰᎹ↰Ꮉർ2-4-66㧕 OYO Corporation
2੩ㇺᄢቇ ᰴઍ㐿ᜏ⎇ⓥ࡙࠾࠶࠻㧔ޥ611-0011 ੩ㇺᐭቝᴦᏒࡩᐣ㧕 Pioneering Research Unit for Next Generation, Kyoto University
3੩ㇺᄢቇ 㒐ἴ⎇ⓥᚲ㧔ޥ611-0011 ੩ㇺᐭቝᴦᏒࡩᐣ㧕 Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University
To preserve the spectacle and to build disaster resilient city in the traditional city like Kyoto, a fireproof improvement of each building members and the disaster prevention water supply maintenance are thought as the main measures. The technique for quantitatively evaluating the effect of measures is necessary to execute these measures appropriately. In this study, the system that the modification of the building members and the extinction ability of the firefighting equipment are quantitatively evaluated was constructed.
Key Words : historical urban area, support system of risk assessment, evaluation of fire prevention measures
㧝㧚ߪߓߦ ࠊ߇࿖ߦߪଐὼߣߒߡᄙߊߩኒ㓸Ꮢⴝ߇ሽߒޔ㔡Ἣἴߩࠃ߁ߥᐢၞἴኂߦኻߔࠆ⣀ᒙᕈࠍᛴ߃ߚ ၞ߇ᐢߊᱷߞߡࠆޕߎߩࠃ߁ߥၞߦኻߒߡޔౣ㐿⊒ߦࠃࠆࠝࡊࡦࠬࡍࠬߩ⏕߿ਥⷐ〝ᴪߩᑪ ‛ߩਇΆൻߥߤߩࠃ߁ߥޔㇺᏒ᭴ㅧߩᡷᄌߦࠃࠆኻ╷߇ㅴࠄࠇߡ߈ߚޕ ৻ᣇޔ੩ㇺߩࠃ߁ߦᧁㅧߩવ⛔⊛ᑪ▽‛ߢ᭴ᚑߐࠇࠆኒ㓸Ꮢⴝߦኻߒߡޔ⸥ߩࠃ߁ߥኻ╷ࠍᣉߔߎߣ ߪޔવ⛔⊛ߥⴝਗࠍᄬ߁ߎߣࠍᗧߔࠆޕᱧผ⊛ߥ᥊ⷰߦ㈩ᘦߒߥ߇ࠄἴኂߦᒝ߹ߜߠߊࠅࠍታ〣ߔࠆߚ ߦߪޔㇺᏒࡌ࡞ߩኻ╷ߣߪߦޔㇱ᧚නߩᡷୃᒝߥߤߩኻ╷߿ޔ㒐ἴ᳓ߩᢛޔၞߢߩᶖ㒐 ᵴേᒝൻߩข⚵ߺ߇ᰳ߆ߖߥޕၞ᳃ߦࠃࠆ⥄ഥ߿ഥഥߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ߽ޔߎࠇࠄ㒐ἴኻ╷ߩ⹏ଔࠍ ⴕ߁ߎߣ߇㊀ⷐߣ⠨߃ࠆޕ ߎߩࠃ߁ߥᱧผ⊛ㇺᏒߩᏒⴝἫἴߦኻߒߡޔᑧേᘒ੍᷹ߦၮߠߡޔⵍኂࠍᦨዊ㒢ߦ㘩ᱛࠆᣇ╷ ࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆ㓙ߦ߅ߡޔⴝࡔ࠶ࠪࡘᑪ‛නߢᑧേᘒࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆᚻᴺߢߪޔㅀߩࠃ߁ߥኻ╷ߩ ലᨐࠍቯ㊂⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣߪߢ߈ߥޕߔߥࠊߜޔᱧผ⊛ㇺᏒߩᏒⴝἫἴኻ╷ߦᔕߓߚㇱ᧚නߩ㒐Ἣ ᕈ⢻⹏ଔߦၮߠߡޔᏒⴝߩᑧෂ㒾ᕈࠍቯ㊂⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆᚻᴺ߇ᔅⷐߣߥࠆޕ ട߃ߡޔၞߩᶖἫ⢻ജࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ႐วߦ߅ߡ߽ޔᶖ㒐᳓߿᳓⸳ߩ⟎߿᳓㊂᳓⢻ജ߅ࠃ߮ 㘃⁁ᴫࠍ㐓ߺߡޔᤨ♽ߦᄌൻߔࠆᶖἫᵴേ▸࿐ࠍ⹏ଔߢ߈ࠆ߽ߩߢߥߌࠇ߫ޔ᥊ⷰ߳ߩᓇ㗀ࠍᦨዊ㒢ߦ ᛥ߃ߚᔅⷐචಽ߆ߟ⡼ℂ⚦߿߆ߥ㒐ἴ᳓ᢛߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥޕ ߎࠇ߹ߢ╩⠪ࠄߪޔ‛ℂ⊛⍮ߦၮߠߊᏒⴝἫἴᑧᕈ⁁੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞1)㧔એਅޔᧄᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߣߔ
ࠆޕ㧕ࠍ᭴▽ߒޔߎࠇࠍGISߣ⚵ߺวࠊߖࠆߎߣߢޔⷞⷡ⊛ߥᠲߦࠃࠅᑧേᘒࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆ ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓ㧔એਅޔᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߣߔࠆޕ㧕ߩ㐿⊒ࠍㅴߡ߈ߚ2)ޕߐࠄߦޔ᳓ߦࠃࠆἫἴᛥല ᨐࠍቯ㊂⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞㧔એਅޔᧄᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞ߣߔࠆޕ㧕ߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕߞߚ3)ޕ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔߎߩᣢᓔߩ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᡷ⦟ࠍⴕޔᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩਇΆ㔍Άൻߦࠃࠆᑧኻ╷ߩലᨐ ߣޔᶖ㒐᳓ߣ᳓⸳ߩㆡᱜ㈩⟎߿ᶖἫ⢻ജะ߇ᑧᛥᱛߦ߽ߚࠄߔലᨐߦߟߡߩ⹏ଔࠍน⢻ߣߔࠆ GISࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬࠍᚑߒޔ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩᡷༀࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚޕ 㧞㧚ᣢᓔߩ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ․ᓽ ᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߩ․ᓽ ᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢណ↪ߒߡࠆᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߪޔἫἴ⽎ߩ‛ℂ⊛⍮ߦၮߠ߈ቯᑼൻߐࠇߚᑧ੍᷹ࡕ ࠺࡞ߢࠆ1)ޕᧄᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߢߪޔㇺᏒἫἴࠍⶄᢙߩᑪ‛Ἣἴߩ㓸วߣᝒ߃ޔઁߩᑪ‛Ἣἴߩᓇ㗀ਅߦ ߅ߌࠆޘߩᑪ‛ἫἴߩΆᕈ⁁ࠍ੍᷹ߔࠆߎߣߢޔᏒⴝోߩἫἴᕈ⁁੍᷹ࠍⴕߞߡࠆޕౕ⊛ߦߪޔ a) Ἣἴᑪ‛߆ࠄߩユᾲવ㆐ޔb) Ἣἴᑪ‛ߩ㘑ਅߦᒻᚑߐࠇࠆᾲ᳇ᵹߦࠃࠆኻᵹᾲવ㆐ޔc) Ꮢⴝ㘑ߦࠃ ߞߡ㘧ᢔߔࠆἫߩ☳ࠍޔᑪ‛㑆ߩἫἴᄢⷐ࿃ߣߒߡ⠨ᘦߒޔᑧേᘒࠍౣߒߡࠆޕߎߩᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺ ࡞߇ߤߩ⒟ᐲߩ੍᷹♖ᐲࠍᜂߒߡࠆ߆ߦߟߡߪޔᣢႎߦ߅ߡᬌ⸽ࠍⴕߞߡࠆߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕ4) 5) ᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞ߩ․ᓽ ᧄᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞ߪޔ᳓ߦࠃࠆἫἴᛥലᨐࠍޔa)᳓ಽ⫳⊒ߦ߁↹ౝࠟࠬߩ಄ළലᨐޔb)᳓⫳᳇ߩ ⊒↢ߦ߁↹ౝࠟࠬߩᏗ㉼ലᨐޔc)นΆ‛㕙ߩḨẢߦࠃࠆᾲಽ⸃ᛥലᨐߩ3ߟߩലᨐߦಽߌߡࡕ࠺࡞ ൻࠍⴕߞߡࠆޕߐࠄߦޔᶖἫ⸳ߦߪᶖ㒐᳓ߣ᳓⸳ߩ2ಽࠍ⸳ߌޔߘࠇߙࠇߦߟߡޔ⾂᳓㊂߿ ᳓⢻ജߩ⸳ቯ୯ࠍ⠨ᘦߒߡޔᶖἫᵴേ⢻ജߩ⹏ଔࠍⴕߞߡࠆޕട߃ߡޔᶖἫᵴേ߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆ೨ឭ᧦ઙߣ ߒߡޔᶖ㒐᳓ߣ᳓⸳ߩਔ⠪߇ឥ߁ߎߣߣߒޔᶖἫᵴേߩኻ⽎ߣߥࠆᑪ‛ߪޔa)ᶖ㒐᳓߆ࠄᶖ㒐↪ࡎ ࠬ߇ᑧ㐳น⢻ߥ▸࿐ౝߦࠆߎߣޔb)ᶖ㒐ᵴേߦᓥߔࠆ⠪ߩోߩߚΆ㗔ၞౝߦቅ┙ߒߡߥߎ ߣޔc)หߓߊ࿐᷷ᐲ߇৻ቯ୯એਅߢࠆߎߣߣߞߚ᧦ઙࠍḩߚߔ߽ߩߦ㒢ቯߔࠆߎߣߢޔታ㓙ߩᶖ Ἣᵴേ㐿ᆎᤨೞ߿ᶖἫᵴേน⢻㗔ၞߩౣߦദߡࠆ3)ޕ ᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ․ᓽ ᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߪޔGISࠍᠲߩࡊ࠶࠻ࡈࠜࡓߣߒߡណ↪ߒޔGIS߆ࠄᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߦ߆߆ࠆ ജ࠺࠲ߩ▤ℂࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆ⚵ߺࠍ᭴▽ߒߚ2)ޕㅀߩࠃ߁ߦ‛ℂ⊛⍮ߦၮߠߡᑧേᘒࠍ ੍᷹ߔࠆᧄᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߢߪޔജ࠺࠲ߣߒߡޔa) ᑪ‛ోߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࠲㧔ฦᑪ‛ߩᑪ‛⒳߿㓏㜞ޔ ᑪ‛ߩోࡁ࠼㧔㓈ⷺㇱ㧕ߩᐳᮡߥߤ㧕ޔb) ᭴ㅧㇱ᧚ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࠲㧔ო㕙ߩㇱ᧚⒳ޔო㕙ߩ᭴ᚑࡁ࠼ ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎߥߤ㧕ޔc) 㐿ญㇱ᧚ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࠲߿ d) ユᾲ▚ቯߦ↪ࠆଥᢙ࠺࠲ޔe) ო㐿ญㇱ᧚ߩ ᾲ‛ᕈ࠺࠲ߥߤޔ⒳ޘߩ࠺࠲ࠍᔅⷐߣߔࠆ߇ޔᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍᵴ↪ߔࠆߎߣߢޔⷞⷡ⊛߆ߟኈᤃߦߎࠇ ࠄߩ࠺࠲ᚑࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ2)ޕߎߩᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍ↪ࠆߎߣߦࠃߞߡޔᑪ‛ᖱႎߦၮߠߚᏒⴝ ߩᑧෂ㒾ᐲߩ⁁⹏ଔࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ 㧟㧚ᑧἫἴኻ╷ߩౝኈߣߘߩ⹏ଔᣇᴺ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩGISࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬࠍᡷༀߒޔᶖἫ⸳ߩㆡᱜ㈩⟎ߩᬌ⸛߅ࠃ߮ޔᑪ‛ㇱ ᧚ߩᄌᦝߦࠃࠆᑧᛥᱛലᨐߩᬌ⸽ࠍᡰេߔࠆGISࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬࠍㅊടߒߚޕᣢᓔߩᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞߅ ࠃ߮ᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞ߢ߽ޔᶖἫ⸳ߩㆡᱜ㈩⟎ߩᬌ⸛߿ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪޔജ࠺࠲ࠍᦠ߈឵ ߃ࠆߎߣߢኻᔕߢ߈ޔᣢႎ6)ߦ߅ߡࡕ࠺࡞ߢߩᬌ⸽ࠍⴕߞߡࠆޕߒ߆ߒޔߎࠇࠍⴕ߁ߚߦߪޔࡕ ࠺࡞ߩ⸳⸘ᕁᗐ߿࠺࠲᭴ᚑߥߤޔ⋧ᔕߩ⍮⼂ࠍⷐߔࠆߎߣ߆ࠄޔᠲᚻ⛯߈ߩᡷༀ߇ᔅⷐߢߞߚޕ ᠲోߩᵹࠇߪޔ࿑1ߦ␜ߔߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕᣢᓔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬࠍ↪ߡᚑߒߚ⸃ᨆ↪ ജ࠺࠲ߦኻߒߡޔᧄ⎇ⓥߢ㐿⊒ߒߚᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬ߿ᶖἫ⸳㈩⟎ࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬࠍ ↪ߡޔᢙ୯ᡷᄌ߿ᖱႎ㗄⋡ߩㅊടࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢޔᣂߚߥജ࠺࠲ࠍᚑߒޔ⸃ᨆ⚿ᨐࠍᲧセߔࠆߎߣߢޔ ᑧേᘒߩ⋧㆑ࠍⷞⷡ⊛ߦᝒ߃ࠃ߁ߣߔࠆ߽ߩߢࠆޕ
એਅߦޔᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝߣᶖἫ⸳ߩᢛޔਔ⠪ߩ㒐ἴኻ╷ࠍGISߩࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢߔࠆᣇᴺߦߟߡ ⺑ߔࠆޕ ࿑1 ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝ߅ࠃ߮ᶖἫ⸳ߩ㈩⟎ߩߚߩᠲోࡈࡠ ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝ ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝߦߟߡߪޔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߢ▤ℂࠍⴕߞߡࠆ⸃ᨆߦ↪ࠆജ࠺࠲ߩਛ߆ࠄޔ㒐ἴኻ╷ ߦᔕߓߚᒰ▎ᚲ㧔ᒝᡷୃࠍⴕߚო߿ደᩮᐥ㧕ߩዻᕈ୯ࠍᦠ߈឵߃ࠆߎߣߢޔߘߩኻ╷ౝኈࠍ ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕߔߥࠊߜޔ⸃ᨆߦ↪ࠆജ࠺࠲ߩ1) ᑪ‛ోߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺࠲㗄⋡ߩ߁ߜޔᑪ‛⒳ ߩᖱႎࠍߒޔߎࠇߩᄌᦝࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪޔᑪ‛ߩᑪᦧ߃ࠍᗧߔࠆޕߐࠄߦޔ2) ᭴ㅧㇱ᧚ߦ㑐ߔࠆ࠺ ࠲㗄⋡ߩ߁ߜޔო߿ደᩮޔᐥߩㇱ᧚⒳ߦ㑐ߔࠆᖱႎࠍߒޔߎࠇߩᄌᦝࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߪޔฦㇱ᧚ߩᡷᄌ ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣࠍᗧߔࠆޕᠲߪޔGISߢ࿑2ߦ␜ߔᚻ㗅ߢㅴࠆޕ ᶖ㒐᳓߿᳓⸳ߩ㈩⟎ ᶖ㒐᳓߿᳓⸳ߩ㈩⟎ߪޔGISߢߩ⟎ߩቯ߅ࠃ߮ዻᕈ୯ߩ⸳ቯߦࠃࠅⴕ߁ޕ㒐Ἣ᳓ᮏ߿ᴡᎹߥ ߤߩᶖ㒐᳓ߦኻߒߡߪޔ⾂᳓㊂߿ᵹ᳓㊂ߣߞߚዻᕈ୯ࠍ⸳ቯߒޔደౝደᄖᶖἫᩖ߿น៝ࡐࡦࡊߥߤߩ ᳓⸳ߦኻߒߡߪ᳓ㅦᐲ߿ࡎࠬᑧિ㐳ߐߣߞߚዻᕈ୯ࠍ⸳ቯߔࠆޕ ᠲߪޔGISߢ࿑3ߦ␜ߔᚻ㗅ߢⴕ߁ޕ⟎߿᳓㊂᳓ㅦᐲߥߤߩዻᕈ୯ࠍᄌ߃ߡᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢޔ ᶖἫ⸳ߦߟߡ᭽ޘߥ᧦ઙਅߢߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ ࿑2 ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝࡈࡠ ࿑3 ᶖἫ⸳ߩ㈩⟎ࡈࡠ
㧠㧚ᣂߚߥ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩ⹜㛎⊛ㆇ↪ߦࠃࠆ⚿ᨐߣߘߩ⠨ኤ ᣂߒߊࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬࠍㅊടߒߚᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍታ㓙ߩᏒⴝߩᑪ‛࠺࠲ߦㆡ↪ߒߡޔ⁁ߩᏒⴝ ߢߩᑧേᘒߣޔᗐߩ㒐Ἣ⸳ߩ㈩⟎߅ࠃ߮ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᡷᄌߦࠃࠆ㒐ἴኻ╷ࠍታᣉߒߚ㓙ߩᑧേᘒࠍᲧ セߔࠆߎߣߢޔᑧᛥᱛലᨐߩᬌ⸽ࠍⴕ߁ޕᬌ⸽ߦ↪ߚᏒⴝߩᖱႎߪਅ⸥ߩߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕኻ⽎ߣߒߚ Ꮢⴝߩᑪ‛ߩ߁ߜޔ1ߩᑪ‛߆ࠄἫߒߚߎߣࠍᗐቯߒߡޔฦ㒐ἴኻ╷ߩലᨐߦߟߡᬌ⸽ࠍⴕߞߚޕ 㧨ኻ⽎ߣߒߚᏒⴝߩᴫ㧪 ㇺᏒฬ㧦੩ㇺᏒ᧲ጊ㧔৻ㇱ㧕 ✚ᑪ‛ᢙ 8066 ߁ߜޔ᥉ㅢᑪ‛ 6656㧔᥉ㅢήოᑪ‛㧕ޔၷ‗ᑪ‛ 736ޔ 㜞ጀᑪ‛ 674㧔ᑪ‛ಽߪ࿖ℂ㒮߇ቯࠆ࿖ၮᧄ࿑࿑ᑼߦ߅ߌࠆᑪ‛ಽߦࠃࠆ㧕 ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝߦࠃࠆἫἴᛥᱛലᨐߩᬌ⸽ ኻ⽎ߣߒߚታ㓙ߩᏒⴝ࠺࠲ࠍ↪ߡޔߘߩਛ߆ࠄߒߚᑪ‛ߦߟߡޔᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᒝࠍⴕޔᄌ ᦝߩήߦࠃࠆᑧേᘒߩᲧセࠍⴕ߁ޕ࿁ߩᬌ⸽ߢߪޔ࿑4ߦ␜ߔ▎ᚲߩᄖო116ㇱ᧚ࠍߒߡޔ1ߩ ࠃ߁ߦㇱ᧚․ᕈߩᄌᦝࠍⴕߞߚޕਥߥᄌᦝὐߪޔოㇱߦኻߒߡΆ߃ᛮߌ߇ߎࠄߥߣ߁⸳ቯߦᄌᦝߒߚ ߎߣߢࠆޕΆ߃ᛮߌ߇ߎࠄߥߎߣߦࠃࠅޔΆ߃ᛮߌߚ▎ᚲ߆ࠄߩΆࠍഥ㐳ߔࠆⓨ᳇ߩᵹ߿ޔᐢ߇ ߞߚ㐿ญ߆ࠄߩྃἫἻߦࠃࠆ࿐ߩᑪ‛߳ߩユᾲߩᓇ㗀ࠍᛥ߃ࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ㐿ญㇱ᧚ߦߟߡߪᄌ ᦝࠍⴕߞߡߥޕ 1 ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚㧔ᄖო㧕ߩㇱ᧚․ᕈߩਥߥᄌᦝౝኈ 㧔̪㧦Ά߃ᛮߌߥߒ㧕 ᄖ ო ᾲવዉ₸ (kW/(mK)) Ყ㊀ (kg/m3) Ყᾲ (kJ/(kgK)) ᳓₸ (kg/kg) Άᛮᤨ㑆 (ಽ) ᄌᦝ೨ ოㇱ 0.0013 2000 0.8 0.2 20 㐿ญㇱ 0.00078 2540 0.77 0 5 ᄌᦝᓟ ოㇱ 0.0013 2400 0.8 0.2 㧙 ̪ 㐿ญㇱ 0.00078 2540 0.77 0 5 ࿑4 ᬌ⸛ߦ↪ߚኻ⽎Ꮢⴝߦ߅ߌࠆᗐߩᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝ▎ᚲ Ἣὐ 㧦ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚㧔ᄖო㧕ߩᄌᦝ▎ᚲ
࿑5 ᑪᦧ߃߅ࠃ߮ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝߩήߦࠃࠆᑧേᘒߩᲧセ 㧔ع㧦Ά߃ዧ߈ޔع㧦Άਛޔع㧦ᧂΆ㧕 100 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝߥߒ㧕 100 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝࠅ㧕 200 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝߥߒ㧕 200 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝࠅ㧕 300 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝߥߒ㧕 300 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝࠅ㧕 400 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝߥߒ㧕 400 ಽᓟ㧔ㇱ᧚ᄌᦝࠅ㧕
ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚㧔ᄖო㧕ߩᄌᦝߩήߦࠃࠆᑧേᘒࠍᲧセߔࠆߣޔ࿑5ߦ␜ߔߣ߅ࠅޔᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝࠍᣉߒ ߚⴝ߆ࠄ߳ߩᑧ߇ᛥ߃ࠄࠇߡࠆߎߣ߇ߡߣࠇࠆޕ৻ᣇߢޔኻ╷ࠍᣉߒߡߥධ߿ർ᧲ߩ ኅޘ߆ࠄ࿁ࠅㄟࠎߢᑧߒߚߎߣߢޔἫὐߩධർ᧲ߦߪޔᑧ▸࿐߇⧯ᐓᐢ߇ߞߡࠆ߇ޔᑧߩ ㆃᑧലᨐߪࠆߩߢޔᶖἫᵴേߣ⚵ߺวࠊߖࠆߎߣߢߐࠄߦᑧᛥᱛലᨐߩะ߇ㄟࠆޕ ㅀߩᧄᑧ੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߩ․ᓽߦࠃࠅޔᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝ߇ᑧ▸࿐ߩ⋧㆑ߦࠇࠆߩߢࠆ߇ޔᑪ‛⒳ ߿ᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߦߟߡㅜ᧦ઙࠍ⸳ቯߔࠇ߫ޔߎࠇࠍᤋߐߖߡޔࠆἫὐߦ߅ߌࠆᑧേᘒߩᲧセࠍⴕ߁ ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕߐࠄߦޔන৻ߩἫὐߢߩᬌ⸛ߛߌߢߥߊޔ᭽ޘߥἫ᧦ઙࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߎߣߢޔၞߦߣߞ ߡലߥ㒐ἴኻ╷ߩᬌ⸽ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆޕ ᶖ㒐᳓߿᳓⸳ߩㆡᱜ㈩⟎ߩᬌ⸛ ኻ⽎ߣߒߚታ㓙ߩᏒⴝߩᶖἫ⸳ߩ㈩⟎⁁ᴫߦၮߠߡޔᶖἫ⸳ࠍ࿑6ߩࠃ߁ߦ㈩⟎ߒޔᶖἫ⸳߇ ోߊᯏ⢻ߒߥ߆ߞߚ႐วߣޔᶖἫ⸳߇ᯏ⢻ߒߚ႐วߩᑧേᘒࠍᲧセߒߚޕ ㈩⟎ߒߚᶖ㒐᳓߅ࠃ߮᳓⸳ߪޔ2ߩߣ߅ࠅߢࠆޕ 2 ㈩⟎ߒߚᶖ㒐᳓ߣ᳓⸳ ⒳ ౝ ኈ ⒳ ౝ ኈ ᶖ㒐 ᳓ ᶖἫᩖ 316ၮ 㒐Ἣ᳓ᮏ 40▎ᚲ㧔20࠻ࡦ㨪140࠻ࡦ㧕̪㧝 ࡊ࡞ 3▎ᚲ 㧔200࠻ࡦ㨪250࠻ࡦ㧕̪㧝 ᴡᎹޔ↪᳓〝 ⛎᳓▎ᚲࠍࡊࡠ࠶࠻ 㧔᳓㊂ߪή㒢ߣᗐቯ㧕 ᳓ ⸳ ደౝደᄖ ᶖἫᩖ 42ၮ㧔ࡎࠬᑧ㐳ߪ100mޔ ᳓ㅦᐲߪᲤಽ100࠶࠻࡞㧕 น៝ࡐࡦࡊ 9ၮ㧔ࡎࠬᑧ㐳ߪ100mޔ᳓ ㅦᐲᲤಽ100࠶࠻࡞㧕 ̪㧝 ੩ㇺᏒᶖ㒐ዪ࠺࠲ߦၮߠߡޔታ㓙୯ࠍ↪ߚޕ ࿑6 ᬌ⸛ߦ↪ߚᶖἫ⸳ߩ㈩⟎⁁ᴫߣἫὐߩ⟎ Ἣὐ ٨㧦ᶖἫᩖ ٨㧦㒐Ἣ᳓ᮏ ٨㧦ࡊ࡞ ٨㧦ᴡᎹޔ↪᳓〝 ٨㧦ደౝޔደᄖᶖἫᩖ ٨㧦น៝ࡐࡦࡊ
࿑7 ᶖἫ⸳߇ᯏ⢻ߒߚ߆ߤ߁߆ߦࠃࠆᑧേᘒߩᲧセ 㧔ع㧦Ά߃ዧ߈ޔع㧦Άਛޔع㧦ᧂΆޔ 㧦ᶖἫਛ㧕 100 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ߥߒ㧕 100 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ࠅ㧕 200 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ߥߒ㧕 200 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ࠅ㧕 300 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ߥߒ㧕 300 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ࠅ㧕 400 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ߥߒ㧕 400 ಽᓟ㧔ᶖἫ⸳ࠅ㧕
ᧄᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞ߢߪޔ1) Ἣἴᑪ‛ߣหߓ⟎ߢޔἫ߆ࠄ15ಽᓟߦἫ߇ⷡ⍮ߐࠇࠆޔ2) ⷡ⍮ߒߚ⠪߇ 2m/⑽ߢ᳓⸳⸳⟎▎ᚲߦ⒖േߔࠆޔ3) ⷡ⍮ߒߚ⠪߇᳓⸳ࠍᶖ㒐᳓⟎߹ߢ⒖േߐߖࠆޔ4) ࡐࡦࡊ ࠍേߒޔ5) ࡎࠬࠍᑧિߔࠆߎߣߢᶖἫᵴേ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆޔߣ߁ᵹࠇߢᶖἫᵴേࠍ⹏ଔߒߡࠆޕߥ߅ޔ ᧄᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞ߢߪޔᾲ᳇ᵹߩ᷷ᐲ߇ᄖ᳇᷷ࠃࠅ10ᐲએ㜞ࠛࠕߢߪᶖἫᵴേࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ߥ ߣ⸳ቯߒߡࠆ߇ޔ࿁ߩㆇ↪ߢߪ㘑ㅦ0ࠍቯߒߡࠆߩߢޔ᳇ᵹߩᓇ㗀ߪ߆ߕޔᶖἫᵴേ߳ߩᡰ㓚ߪ ⊒↢ߒߥ߆ߞߚޕ ᶖἫ⸳߇ోߊᯏ⢻ߒߥ߆ߞߚ႐วߣᯏ⢻ߒߚ႐วߩᑧേᘒࠍᲧセߔࠆߣޔ࿑7ߩߣ߅ࠅߣߥࠆޕᶖἫ ⸳߇ᯏ⢻ߒߚ႐วߩᑧേᘒ࿑ߢߪޔᶖἫᵴേߩኻ⽎ߣߥߞߡࠆᑪ‛ࠍ⏕ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ޔᶖἫᵴേ ߩ⚿ᨐޔᑧᛥᱛലᨐ߇ࠇߡࠆߎߣ߇ߡߣࠇࠆޕ Ἣὐࠍᄌ߃ߡޔ⸃ᨆࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢޔၞߩਛߢᑧࠬࠢߩ㜞ࠛࠕࠍߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ޔᶖἫ⸳ ߩ㈩⟎߿ᶖἫ⢻ജ㧔⾂᳓㊂߿᳓ㅦᐲߥߤ㧕ߩ᧦ઙࠍᄌ߃ߡޔ⸃ᨆࠍⴕ߁ߎߣߢޔᑧࠬࠢߩૐᷫࠍ࿑ ࠆᶖἫ⸳ߩᦨㆡ㈩⟎߿ᦨㆡᶖἫ⢻ജࠍᬌ⸛ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ 㧡㧚ᓟߩᵴ↪ߦะߌߡ ᧄ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߪޔㇱ᧚ࠬࠤ࡞ߩ᧦ઙࠍᄌᦝߒߡᑧ੍᷹ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆࡕ࠺࡞ࠍណ↪ߒߡࠆߎ ߣߦࠃࠅޔㇱ᧚ߩᡷᄌࡌ࡞ߦ⥋ࠆ⡼ℂ⚦߿߆ߥ㒐ἴኻ╷ࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆὐߦ․ᓽ߇ࠆޕ ട߃ߡޔᶖ㒐᳓ߣ᳓⸳ߩᶖἫ⢻ജޔฦ⸳ߩ⟎߆ࠄ⸘▚ߒߚᶖ㒐ᵴേน⢻ᤨೞ߅ࠃ߮ޔᑧ⁁ᴫ߆ࠄ ዉߒߚᶖ㒐ᵴേน⢻ࠛࠕࠍ⠨ᘦߔࠆߎߣߩߢ߈ࠆᶖἫᵴേࡕ࠺࡞ࠍណ↪ߒߡࠆߎߣߦࠃࠅޔࠃࠅታᘒߦᔕ ߓߚᶖἫᵴേࠍౣߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥߞߚޕߎࠇࠍ↪ߡޔᶖἫ⸳ߩᢛౝኈࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ ᧄⓂߦ߅ߌࠆ⹜㛎⊛ㆇ↪ߩߢߪޔᑪ‛ㇱ᧚ߩᄌᦝߣᶖἫ⢻ജߩ⹏ଔࠍޘߦᬌ⸽ߒߚ߇ޔታ㓙ߩᏒⴝߦ ኻߒߡߪޔߎࠇߩਔ⠪ࠍ⚵ߺวࠊߖߡޔࠃࠅലߥ㒐ἴኻ╷ߩᬌ⸛ࠍⴕ߁ߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆޕ ߎ߁ߒߚ․ᓽࠍᵴ߆ߒߡᓟߪޔᱧผ⊛Ꮢⴝࠍ߽ߟౕၞࠍㆬቯߒޔᑧേᘒߩ⸘▚⚿ᨐࠍឭ␜ߔࠆ ߎߣߢޔᧄ⹏ଔᡰេࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠍၞߩⴕᶖ㒐ᜂᒰ⠪ߣၞ᳃ࠍߟߥߋࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡚ࠪࡦ࠷࡞ߣߒ ߡᵴ↪ߒߥ߇ࠄޔၞ․ᕈߦวࠊߖߚലߥ㒐ἴኻ╷ߩᬌ⸛ឭ᩺ࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߚޕ ߐࠄߦޔၞߩੱޘߩ㒐ἴᗧ⼂߿ᣣߏࠈߩၞߩㅪ៤⁁ᴫߥߤߦᔕߓߡޔၞߩᶖἫᵴേ⢻ജࠍ⹏ଔߔࠆ ᚻᴺࠍᬌ⸛ߒޔㆡಾߥ㒐ἴኻ╷ߩଦㅴߣߣ߽ߦޔഥഥߩⷰὐ߆ࠄၞ㒐ἴജߩ㉯ᚑࠍᡰេߔࠆ࠷࡞ ߣߒߡ߽ᵴ↪ߢ߈ࠆࠪࠬ࠹ࡓࠅࠍ⋡ᜰߒߚޕ ᧄ⎇ⓥߢߪޔࠆන৻ߩἫὐ߆ࠄߩἫߦࠃࠆᑧෂ㒾ᕈߩ⹏ଔࠍⴕߞߡࠆ߇ޔᑧࠬࠢߣ߁ⷰ ὐ߆ࠄޔࡦ࠳ࡓߦߒߚᑪ‛߆ࠄߩἫࡄ࠲ࡦߩᑧേᘒࠍᐔဋߒߡޔߩᑧࠬࠢࠍ▚ߒޔ ߎࠇࠍ߽ߣߦޔฦ⒳ኻ╷߇ߩᑧࠬࠢૐᷫߦ߽ߚࠄߔᓇ㗀ࠍቯ㊂⊛ߦ⹏ଔߔࠆߎߣ߇น⢻ߣߥࠆࠃ߁ޔ ࠗࡦ࠲ࡈࠚࠬߩᡷༀࠍㅴߚޕ ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ 1) ᮘᧄ↰ਛ㧦ㇺᏒἫἴߩ‛ℂ⊛ᑧᕈ⁁੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߩ㐿⊒㧘ᣣᧄᑪ▽ቇળⅣႺ♽⺰ᢥ㓸㧘No.607㧘pp.15-22㧘2006㧚 2) ᮮጊᮘᧄ↰ਛ㧦GISࠍ↪ߚᏒⴝἫἴᑧࠬࠢ⹏ଔࠪࠬ࠹ࡓߩജ࠺࠲▤ℂᚻᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆᬌ⸛㧘ᱧผㇺ Ꮢ㒐ἴ⺰ᢥ㓸㧘Vol.3㧘pp.211-216㧘2009㧚 3) ᮘᧄ↰ਛ㧦ᶖἫᵴേࠍ⠨ᘦߒߚ㈬↰ᏒᄢἫߩἫἴᑧࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦ㧘ᣣᧄᑪ▽ቇળᄢળቇⴚ⻠Ṷ᪪㓸㧘2007㧚 4) ᮘᧄ↰ਛ㧦ᑧࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦߦၮߠߊ㜞ጊᏒਃ↸વᑪߩ㒐Ἣᕈ⢻⹏ଔ㧘ᣣᧄᑪ▽ቇળᄢળቇⴚ⻠Ṷ᪪㓸㧘 2004 5) ᄢᶆᮘᧄ↰ਛ㧦㈬↰ᏒᄢἫߩᑧᕈ⁁ࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦ㨪‛ℂ⊛ᑧᕈ⁁੍᷹ࡕ࠺࡞ߩᬌ⸽㨪㧘ᣣᧄᑪ▽ቇળᄢ ળቇⴚ⻠Ṷ᪪㓸㧘2005 6) ⑺రᮘᧄർᓟ↰ਛ㧦ᑧࠪࡒࡘ࡚ࠪࡦࠍ↪ߚἫἴోኻ╷ߦ㑐ߔࠆၮ␆⊛ᬌ⸛㧙ጊ⋵ḡᵻ↸ḡᵻવ ᑪߦ߅ߌࠆࠤࠬࠬ࠲࠺ࠖ㧙㧘ᣣᧄᑪ▽ቇળᄢળቇⴚ⻠Ṷ᪪㓸㧘2007
