Three publications served as source documents for this CICAD.
Westrum & Thomassen (2002)
The first source document was prepared by the Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and the Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards and considered the literature identified as of March 2002.
This publication was a result of an agreement between the Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and the Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards to write joint scientific criteria documents that can be used by the national regulatory authorities in both the Netherlands and the Nordic countries. The report (Arbete och Hälsa 2002:10) was authored by B. Westrum and Y. Thomassen and published on behalf of the Nordic Council of Ministers by the National Institute for Working Life (Arbetslivinstitut), Stockholm, Sweden. Hard copies are available from the institute. Electronic copies can be obtained at http://www.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/.
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JECFA (2001)
The second source document was the monograph prepared by JECFA, published in 2001 following the 55th meeting held in 2000. The first draft of this monograph was prepared by Dr J.B. Greig, Food Standards Agency, London, United Kingdom, and Dr J.A. Pennington, Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. The monograph was published in Safety evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants (WHO Food Additive Series 46). An
electronic copy can be obtained at
http://www.inchem.org/documents/jecfa/jecmono/v46je01.htm.
The list of experts at the 55th JECFA meeting follows:
Members
Ms J. Baines, Australia New Zealand Food Authority, Australia Professor J.R. Bend, University of Western Ontario, Canada Dr J. Chen, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, China Dr S.M. Dagher, American University of Beirut, Lebanon Dr C.E. Fisher, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England
Dr D.G. Hattan, Food and Drug Administration, USA (Rapporteur) Dr Y. Kawamura, National Institute of Health Sciences, Japan
Dr A.G.A.C. Knaap, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, The Netherlands
Dr P.M. Kuznesof, Food and Drug Administration, USA (Vice-Chairman) Dr J.C. Larsen, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Denmark
Mrs I. Meyland, Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Denmark (Rapporteur) Dr G. Pascal, National Institute for Agricultural Research, France
Dr A. Pintér, Director, National Institute of Environmental Health, Hungary Professor R. Walker, University of Surrey, England (Chairman)
Secretariat
Dr P.J. Abbott, Australia New Zealand Food Authority, Australia (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr L.M. Barraj, Novigen Sciences Inc., USA (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr David C. Bellinger, Boston Children’s Hospital Neuroepidemiology Unit, USA (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr M. Bolger, Food and Drug Administration, USA (WHO Temporary Adviser) Ms M.L. Costarrica, FAO, Italy (FAO Joint Secretary)
Dr M. DiNovi, Food and Drug Administration, USA (WHO Temporary Adviser) Dr R.L. Ellis, FAO, Italy
Dr R. Goyer, Chapel Hill, NC, USA (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr J. Greig, Food Standards Agency, England (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Mr E.F.F. Hecker, Ministry of Agriculture, Nature Management and Fisheries, The Netherlands (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr J.L. Herrman, WHO, Switzerland (WHO Joint Secretary) Dr J.H. Hotchkiss, Cornell University, USA (FAO Consultant)
Dr F. Kayama, Jichi Medical School, Japan (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr A. Mattia, Food and Drug Administration, USA (WHO Temporary Adviser) Dr G. Moy, WHO, Switzerland
Dr I.C. Munro, CanTox Health Sciences International, Canada (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr A. Nishikawa, National Institute of Health Sciences, Japan (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr J.A. Pennington, National Institutes of Health, USA (FAO Consultant)
Dr M.V. Rao, Dubai Food and Environment Laboratory, United Arab Emirates (FAO Consultant)
Professor A.G. Renwick, University of Southampton, England (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr S. Resnik, Department of Industry, Argentina (FAO Consultant)
Dr H. Sakurai, Japan Industrial Safety and Health Association, Japan (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Professor I.G. Sipes, University of Arizona, USA (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr G.J.A. Speijers, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, The Netherlands (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Ms E. Vavasour, Health Canada, Canada (WHO Temporary Adviser)
Dr P.J.P. Verger, National Institute for Agricultural Research, France (FAO Consultant)
Mrs H. Wallin, National Food Administration, Finland (FAO Consultant) Dr D.B. Whitehouse, Bowdon, Cheshire, England (FAO Consultant)
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ATSDR (2003)
The third source document was the draft Toxicological profile for tin and compounds (update), prepared by ATSDR through a contract with the Syracruse Research Corporation. Copies of the profile can be obtained from the ATSDR web site (http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/) or from:
Division of Toxicology
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Toxicology/Toxicology Information Branch US Department of Health and Human Services 1600 Clifton Road NE, Mailstop E-29
Atlanta, Georgia 30333 USA
A peer review panel was assembled for tin and compounds. The panel consisted of the following members:
Michael Aschner, PhD, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Olen Brown, PhD, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri Bruce Jarnot, PhD, DABT, American Petroleum Institute, Washington, DC
These experts collectively have knowledge of tin and its compounds’ physical and chemical properties, toxicokinetics, key health end-points, mechanisms of action, human and animal exposure, and quantification of risk to humans. All reviewers were selected in conformity with the conditions for peer review specified in Section 104(I)(13) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, as amended. Scientists from the ATSDR reviewed the peer reviewers’
comments and determined which comments would be included in the profile. A listing of the peer reviewers’ comments not incorporated in the profile, with a brief explanation of the rationale for their exclusion, exists as part of the administrative record for this compound. A list of databases reviewed and a list of unpublished documents cited are also included in the administrative record. The citation of the peer
review panel should not be understood to imply its approval of the profile’s final content. The responsibility for the content of this profile lies with the ATSDR.
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In December 2003, a comprehensive literature search was conducted by Toxicology Advice & Consulting Ltd in order to identify critical data published since publication of the source documents. Databases searched included:
・ChemIDplus (The ChemIDplus system searches and/or identifies literature from a wide range of online databases and databanks, including ATSDR, CANCERLIT, CCRIS, DART/ETIC, GENE-TOX, HSDB, IRIS, MEDLINE, TOXLINE Core, TOXLINE Special, and TSCA)
・INCHEM (The INCHEM database consolidates information from a number of intergovernmental organizations, including JECFA Evaluations and Monographs, JMPR, IARC, EHC documents, and SIDS)
RTECS, EPA Toxicological Profiles
Critical papers on mammalian toxicity were purchased, assessed, and included in the CICAD, where appropriate, by Toxicology Advice & Consulting Ltd.